2014阅读1试卷A定稿

中南林业科技大学课程考试试卷 课程名称： 英语阅读(I) ；试卷编号： B 卷；考试时间：100分钟 I. VOCABULARY 25% Section A: Read each of the following sentences carefully; choose A, B, C or D that has the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase. Write the answer on your ANSWER SHEET. 10% 1. My brother said, “I just freed myself from a very loquacious history professor. All he seemed to want was an audience.” a. pretentious b. grouchy c. talkative d. worried 2. There is no doubt that the idea of living in such a benign climate was appealing. The islanders seemed to keep their vitality and live longer than Europeans. a. tropical b. not malignant c. kind d. favorable 3. It is difficult to imagine a surfeit of talent in one individual, yet Leonard Bernstein simply does not have the time to make complete use of his talent as conductor, performer, writer, and lecturer. a. excess b. variety c. superiority d. lack 4. There is a large demand all over the United States for plants indigenous to the desert. Many people in Arizona have made a good business of growing and selling cacti and other local plants. a. native b. necessary c. foreign d. alien 5. After the Romans left, a millennium and a half passed before people again lived in such comfort. Churchill wrote, “From the year 400 until the year 1900 no one had central heating and very few had hot baths.” a. a decade b. many years c. 1000 years d. a century 6. Many years before, Caesar ’s men had tried and failed to invade Britain. No doubt this contributed to the xenophobia of the Romans. They were cautious about strangers who entered their country. a. honesty b. fear of foreigners c. kindliness d. stubbornness 7. Such are the vicissitudes of history. Nothing remains the same. Three hundred years of peace ended in darkness and confusion. a. evils b. mistakes c. changes d. rules 8. The purpose of the psychiatrist is to mitigate the suffering of the patient. a. make milder b. beautify c. increase d. banish 学院 专业 级 班 学号 姓名 密封线密封线内不要答题9. We knew he couldn’t hold out much longer, because he had been doomed from the beginning. One night he met his ineluctable fate.a. forgottenb. inevitablec. hiddend. unhappy10. A combination of fog and industrial smoke, called smog, has vitiated the air in and around many big cities.a. concentrateb. fill upc. replaced. contaminateSection B 5%Match the words with the following explanations. Put the corresponding letters on the Answer Sheet.1.（）appealing2.（）obligation3.（）fulfillment4.（）persistent5.（）uniqueA.unusual, extraordinaryB.continuing to do somethingC.pleasing and attractiveD.duty or responsibilityE.with a feeling of desireF. a feeling of satisfaction from doing or achieving somethingSection C 10%Fill in the blanks with the given words. Change forms where necessary.aggravate alien assertive victim salvagepanic bark hug infuriate succumb1.Separated for years, the two friends ___ each other like a couple of lost children.2.I got into a ___ when I found the door was locked.3.Though at the edge of bankruptcy, the manager of the company won’t give up and is stillmaking every effort to ___ the situation.4.The policeman ___ at the criminal and raised his gun.5.This custom is totally ___ to him, a newcomer from Europe.6.I don’t like the ___ tone in his speech.7.He is the ___ of his own success because his health is deteriorating terribly while he runshere and there attending to his many business.8.National poverty was ____ by rapid population growth.9.Several children have measles, and the others are bound to ___ to it.10.He was so ___ by the visitor’s impoliteness that he suddenly rose and showed her thedoor.II. Reading comprehension 40%In this part there are 4 reading passages followed by some questions or unfinished statements. You should decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage 1The field of medicine has always attracted its share of quacks, that is, the women and men with little or no medical knowledge who promise quick cures at cheap prices. The reasons why quackery thrives even in modern times are not hard to find.To begin with, pain seems to be a chronic human condition. A person whose body or mind “hurts” will often pay any amount of money for the promise of relief. Second, even the best medical treatment cannot cure all the illness. People who mistrust or dislike the truths that their physicians tell them often turn to more sympathetic ear.Many people lack the training necessary to evaluate medicine claims. Given the choice between: a) a reputable physician who s ays a cure for cancer will be long, difficult, expensive, and may not work at all and b) a salesperson who says that five bottles of a secret formula “snake oil” will cure not only cancer, but tuberculosis, syphilis, warts, and bad breath as well, s ome individuals will opt for the bottle of snake oil.Many “snake oil” remed ies(药物)are highly laced (浸泡) with alcohol or narcotic drugs. Anyone who drinks them get so drunk or stoned that they drown their pains in the rising tide of pleasant intoxication. Little wonder that “snake oil” is a popular cure—all for minor aches and hurts! But let there be no misunderstandings. A very few “home remedies” actually work. However, most remedies sold by quacks are not only useless, but often can be harmful to the user as well.1.All of the following are reasons why quacks continue to do business except forA. people who are in pain will often pay any amount of money for the promise of relief.B. the average person is not trained to evaluate medical claims and diagnosis.C. although their remedies may not cure a disease, quacks nevertheless do not harm their patientsD. quacks convince patients that they can help them2. The passage implies that ________.A. if doctors can convince their patients that they will recover, they always do recoverB. most home remedies are effectiveC. snake-oil remedies are a popular cure----all for minor aches and painsD. quacks are motivated by the desire to help mankind3. The word “chronic” in para.2 means ________.A. lasting a long timeB. related to timeC. minorD. quick to come, quick to go4. The phrase “opt for” in Para. 3 can be replaced by _______.A. oppressB. chooseC. expressD. evaluate5. What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?A. Doctors should not lie to their patients.B. There will always be people who seek the help of quacks.C. Only poorly educated people seek the advice of quacks.D. Many who seek the help of a medical doctor should instead seek the help of a quack.Passage 2Most cases of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜).“Your memory itself isn’t failing you,”says Schacter. “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,”says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.“Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness,” says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,”he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common case of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,”says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.6.It can be inferred from the article that encoding helps___A.slow down the process of memory lossB.people understand their memory systemC.people recall something form our memoriesD.you find out where you put your mobile phone7.Women usually have better memories than men because they ___A.have better short-term memory than menB.are more nervous about the environmentC.take some special medicine to improve memoriesD.are more interested in what’s happening around them8.The sentence “Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness” in paragraph 4 probablymeans that ___A.a note in the pocket will easily get lostB.taking medicine and get rid of absent-mindednessC.putting something in sight can be a good reminderD.It is safer to put your medicine on the kitchen table than in the medicine chest9.If you walk into a room and forget what to do, it implies that you ___A.are carelessB.are lacking of attentionC.are getting old and forgetfulD.you need to get some medical help10.The article mainly talks aboutA.the function of encodingB.the causes of absent-mindednessC.the treatment for absent-mindednessD.the impact of environment on memoryPassage 3The body of nearly all flowing plants can be divided into two systems, the root system which grows below ground and the shoot system which grows above it. The typical root system anchors the plant firmly in the soil, and absorbs water and various dissolved raw materials from it. The typical shoot system consists of a main stem upon which are borne leaves, branch shoots, and sometimes flowers. It should be emphasized that the words stem and shoot are not synonymous, the word “shoot” being a collective term for both stem and leaves. The leaves are the chief food producing organs of the plant, making complex foods in the presence of light by a process called photosynthesis. The stem supports the leaves, displaying them in the light needed for photosynthesis, and also acts as the main channel of communication between the various organs of the plant. Water and dissolved minerals absorbed in the leaves are conducted away through the stem to other regions of the plant, both above and below ground, where they are either used for growth or else stored for future use. Flowers are organs that are concerned with the reproduction of the species by seeds.11.With what topic is the passage mainly concerned?A.How plants produce seedsB.Different types of flowersC.The structure of plantsD.How leaves grow12.According to this passage, what is one main function of the root system?A.To absorb light for growthB.To create minerals for nutritionC.To speed the reproduction processD.To secure the plant in the ground.13.With which of the following would the author be most likely to agree?A.The shoot is part of the stem.B.The stem is part of the shoot.C.The stem and the shoot are identicalD.The stem is not part of a flowering plant.14.The major food-producing part of a plant is the ____A.leafB.rootC.flowerD.shoot15.The author implies that plants with flowers are _____A.likely to leave long rootsB.not reproducing organismsC.grown from seedsD.the most beautiful of all plantsPassage 4Read the following passage and complete the information by filling in the blanks in no more than 3 words.A student credit card? Is it right for me, and can it help me pay for expenses online such as online courses, music, language-learning materials, or even a degree?Actually, the answer might be yes or no, depending on your circumstances. Of course, probably the best advice is to save up and then make purchases with cash. Unfortunately, differentonline services often require a credit card. Here are some ideas to getting a credit card.First of all, obtaining a student credit card is becoming easier, and many companies are offering such cards to students in this growing market. From a student’s perspective, it allows a person to pay for things online that only can be purchased on credit. Furthermore, it can help students build a good credit history that is often needed later for bigger purchases like a car or home.In spite of these advantages, students have to be careful because interest rates on such cards are often higher and have higher penalties if you fail to pay on time. Furthermore, students may spend well beyond their means and end up in debt that they can’t pay off.Perhaps a happy medium is for students to get a debit card that has a credit limit, and money for purchases is just deducted（扣除）from existing funds from a student’s account. Thus, it operates like a checking account, and when the student’s spending reaches the credit limit, they can’t continue to spend. Before you decide to get a student credit card, look carefully at the agreement terms for each company and compare the advantages and disadvantages of each. Searching the Internet for such offers will give you a good start on what to look for in a company.16.The main attraction for a student credit card is it enables students to ________________17.To buy expensive things like a car or house on credit usually requires a ______________18.The main disadvantage for students to have a credit card is its higher ____ and _______19.Students who have student credit cards tend to buy things _________20.The good thing about a debit card is that it sets a ___________ for the holders.III. Main idea writing 10%Write down the main idea for passage 3 and 4.Passage 3 ______________________________________________Passage 4 ______________________________________________IV. Paraphrase the following sentences 10%The following sentences are taken from textbooks. Paraphrase the sentences to show that you understand their meaning.1.His is the kind of story which fuels the imagination of thousands of young people roundthe world.2.By spending more family time together, parents can better engage with their children andencourage them to make the right choices.3.Failure doesn’t stop them because it’s totally off their map.4.Forcing yourself to work at a job you dislike is like wearing a lead vest to run a race —it’s just plain exhausting.5.Both had died "full of years", as the Bible would say; both succumbed to the normalwearing out of the body after a long and full life.V. Quotations 15%Write down your understanding of the following quotations.1.No pain that we suffer, no trial that we experience is wasted. It ministers to our education,to the development of such qualities as patience, faith, fortitude, and humility.2.The things taught in schools and colleges are not an education, but the means to education.3.Love is the emblem of eternity; it confounds all notion of time.。