河南平顶山市2019-2020届高三一模(图片版)有答案
河南省平顶山市2019年高三上学期第一次调研考试文综地理试题word版(有参考答案)
河南省平顶山市2019届高三上学期第一次调研考试文综地理试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,考生作答时,将答案答在答题卡上,在本试卷上答题无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷本卷共35个小题,每小题4分,共140分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符号题目要求。
下表是世界主要经济体的劳动人口比较表(2014年)。
读表完成1-3题。
1.2000年后中国成为“世界工厂”,其原因主要是A.资源丰富B.劳动力丰富C.交通便利D.科技水平高2.中国20至29岁的劳动力已由1990年的2.33亿减到2005年的1.65亿,其原因是A.人口老化B.人口移出C.出生率下降D.死亡率提高3.如果中国要从第一产业释放更多的劳动力,则最合理的农业发展方式是A.机械化B.精耕细作C.休闲农业D.生态农业右图为“2013年我国四个地区各类耕地比重统计图”,读图完成4-5题。
4.据图可知A.东部地区有灌溉设施的耕地面积在全国最大B.25°以上坡耕地比重小的地区,灌溉设施多C.耕地比重大的地区,25°以上坡耕地比重大D.中部地区25°以上坡耕地面积小于东部地区5.关于四个地区差异的叙述,正确的有A.东部地区人均耕地多,西部地区人均耕地少B.中部地区和东部地区旱涝灾害发生频次高于东北部地区C.西部地区农业基础设施完善,中部地区机械化水平高D.东北部地区与中部地区耕地面积相等,农业生产差异小读“我国110°E 以东地区的月降水量(毫米)分布图”,完成6-7题。
6.据图,如果以月降水量大于100 毫米为进入雨季的重要参数,下列有关叙述正确的是 A.纬度越低雨季越早 B.最大降雨量出现在黄河流域 C.8月江南伏旱,降雨量少于辽河流域 D.华南最晚结束雨季7.如果某年夏季风偏弱,那么A 段和B 段的长度最有可能 A.A 段变大 B 段变小 B.都变小 C.A 段变小 B 段变大 D.都变大在台湾学界,迁徙的紫斑蝶以及它们聚集越冬的山谷称之为“紫蝶幽谷”现象。
河南省2019年高考数学一模试卷(解析版)(理科)
2019年河南省平顶山市高考数学一模试卷(理科)一.选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.若集合A={x||x|<1 },B={x|≥1},则A∪B=()A.(﹣1,1]B.[﹣1,1]C.(0,1)D.(﹣∞,1]2.若复数(1+2i)(1+ai)是纯虚数(i为虚数单位),则实数a的值是()A.﹣2 B.C.﹣D.23.某几何体的三视图如图所示,它的表面积为()A.66πB.51πC.48πD.33π4.下列说法正确的是()A.“∀x∈R,e x>0”的否定是“∃x∈R,使e x>0”B.若x+y≠3(x,y∈R),则x≠2或y≠1C.“x2+2x≥ax(1≤x≤2)恒成立”等价于“(x2+2x)min≥(ax)max(1≤x≤2)”D.“若a=﹣1,则函数f(x)=ax2+2x﹣1只有一个零点”的逆命题为真命题5.已知向量=(1,﹣2),=(1,1),→→→-=b a m , =+λ,如果→→⊥n m ,那么实数λ=( )A .4B .3C .2D .16.若对于任意的x >0,不等式≤a 恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围为( )A .a ≥B .a >C .a <D .a ≤7.甲袋中装有3个白球和5个黑球,乙袋中装有4个白球和6个黑球,现从甲袋中随机取出一个球放入乙袋中,充分混合后,再从乙袋中随机取出一个球放回甲袋中,则甲袋中白球没有减少的概率为( )A .B .C .D . 8.若执行如图所示程序框图,则输出的s 值为( )A .﹣2016B .2016C .﹣2017D .20179.高为5,底面边长为4的正三棱柱形容器(下有底)内,可放置最大球的半径是( )A .B .2C .D .10.已知点p(x,y)满足过点p(x,y)向圆x2+y2=1做两条切线,切点分别是点A和点B,则当∠APB最大时,的值是()A.2 B.3 C.D.11.过双曲线﹣=1(a>0,b>0)的右焦点D作直线y=﹣x的垂线,垂足为A,交双曲线左支于B点,若=2,则该双曲线的离心率为()A.B.2 C.D.12.已知f(x)是定义在(0,+∞)的函数.对任意两个不相等的正数x1,x2,都有>0,记a=,b=,c=,则()A.a<b<c B.b<a<c C.c<a<b D.c<b<a二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13.设随机变量ξ~N(2,4),若P(ξ>a+2)=P(ξ<2a﹣3),则实数a的值为.14.若的展开式中第3项的二项式系数是15,则展开式中所有项的系数之和为.15.在△ABC中,a=3,b=2,∠B=2∠A,则c=.16.已知函数f(x)=.若a>0,则函数y=f(f(x))﹣1有个零点.三、解答题:解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.17.(12分)已知S n为数列{a n}的前n项和,且2S n=3a n﹣2(n∈N*).(Ⅰ)求a n和S n;(Ⅱ)若b n=log3(S n+1),求数列{b2n}的前n项和T n.18.(12分)某校高一共录取新生1000名,为了解学生视力情况,校医随机抽取了100名学生进行视力测试,并得到如下频率分布直方图.(Ⅰ)若视力在4.6~4.8的学生有24人,试估计高一新生视力在4.8以上的人数;(Ⅱ)校医发现学习成绩较高的学生近视率较高,又在抽取的100名学生中,对成绩在前50名的学生和其他学生分别进行统计,得到如右数据,根据这些数据,校医能否有超过95%的把握认为近视与学习成绩有关?(Ⅲ)用分层抽样的方法从(Ⅱ)中27名不近视的学生中抽出6人,再从这6人中任抽2人,其中抽到成绩在前50名的学生人数为ξ,求ξ的分布列和数学期望.19.(12分)如图,在四棱锥P﹣ABCD中,CB⊥平面PAB,AD∥BC,且PA=PB=AB=BC=2AD=2.(Ⅰ)求证:平面DPC⊥平面BPC;(Ⅱ)求二面角C﹣PD﹣B的余弦值.20.(12分)如图,点P为圆E:(x﹣1)2+y2=r2(r>1)与x轴的左交点,过点P作弦PQ,使PQ与y轴交于PQ的中点D.(Ⅰ)当r在(1,+∞)内变化时,求点Q的轨迹方程;(Ⅱ)已知点A(﹣1,1),设直线AQ,EQ分别与(Ⅰ)中的轨迹交于另一点Q1,Q2,求证:当Q在(Ⅰ)中的轨迹上移动时,只要Q1,Q2都存在,且Q1,Q2不重合,则直线Q1Q2恒过定点,并求该定点坐标.21.(12分)设函数f(x)=e mx+x2﹣mx.(1)证明:f(x)在(﹣∞,0)单调递减,在(0,+∞)单调递增;(2)若对于任意x1,x2∈[﹣1,1],都有|f(x1)﹣f(x2)|≤e﹣1,求m的取值范围.请考生从(22)、(23)两题中任选一题作答.注意:只能做所选定的题目.如果多做,则按所做的第一个题目计分,作答时请用2B铅笔在答题卡上将所选题号后的方框涂黑.(本小题满分10分)[选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程]22.(10分)在直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,以x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为ρ=2sinθ.(Ⅰ)将曲线C的极坐标方程化为参数方程:(Ⅱ)如果过曲线C上一点M且斜率为﹣的直线与直线l:y=﹣x+6交于点Q,那么当|MQ|取得最小值时,求M点的坐标.[选修4-5:不等式选讲]23.已知函数f(x)=|x﹣2|+|x+1|.(Ⅰ)解不等式f(x)>5;(Ⅱ)若f(x)≥﹣对任意实数x恒成立,求a的取值范围.参考答案与试题解析一.选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.若集合A={x||x|<1 },B={x|≥1},则A∪B=()A.(﹣1,1]B.[﹣1,1]C.(0,1)D.(﹣∞,1]【考点】并集及其运算.【分析】分别求出集合A、B的范围,取并集即可.【解答】解:集合A={x||x|<1 }=(﹣1,1),B={x|≥1}=(0,1],则A∪B=(﹣1,1],故选:A.【点评】本题考查了集合的并集的运算,考查不等式问题,是一道基础题.2.若复数(1+2i)(1+ai)是纯虚数(i为虚数单位),则实数a的值是()A.﹣2 B.C.﹣D.2【考点】复数代数形式的乘除运算.【分析】利用复数的运算法则、纯虚数的定义即可得出.【解答】解:复数(1+2i)(1+ai)=1﹣2a+(2+a)i是纯虚数,则1﹣2a=0,2+a≠0,解得a=.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了复数的运算法则、纯虚数的定义,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于基础题.3.某几何体的三视图如图所示,它的表面积为()A.66πB.51πC.48πD.33π【考点】由三视图求面积、体积.【分析】由几何体的三视图可知,该几何体是一组合体,上部为半球体,直径为6.下部为母线长为5的圆锥,分别求面积,再相加即可.【解答】解:由几何体的三视图可知,该几何体是一组合体,上部为半球体,直径为6.下部为母线长为5的圆锥.半球表面积为2π×32=18π圆锥的侧面积为π×3×5=15π所以所求的表面积为π+15π=33π故选D.【点评】本题考查由三视图考查由三视图还原几何体直观图,求几何体的表面积,属于基础题.4.下列说法正确的是()A.“∀x∈R,e x>0”的否定是“∃x∈R,使e x>0”B.若x+y≠3(x,y∈R),则x≠2或y≠1C.“x2+2x≥ax(1≤x≤2)恒成立”等价于“(x2+2x)min≥(ax)max(1≤x≤2)”D.“若a=﹣1,则函数f(x)=ax2+2x﹣1只有一个零点”的逆命题为真命题【考点】命题的真假判断与应用.【分析】A,“∀x∈R,e x>0”的否定是“∃x∈R,使e x≤0”;B,命题“若x+y≠3(x,y∈R),则x≠2或y≠1”的逆否命题是:“若x=2且y=1,则x+y=3“为真命题,故原命题为真命题;C,例a=2时,x2+2x≥2x在x∈[1,2]上恒成立,而(x2+2x)min=3<2x max=4;D,a=0时,函数f(x)=ax2+2x﹣1只有一个零点;【解答】解:对于A,“∀x∈R,e x>0”的否定是“∃x∈R,使e x≤0”,故错;对于B,命题“若x+y≠3(x,y∈R),则x≠2或y≠1”的逆否命题是:“若x=2且y=1,则x+y=3“为真命题,故原命题为真命题,故正确;对于C,例a=2时,x2+2x≥2x在x∈[1,2]上恒成立,而(x2+2x)min=3<2x max=4,故错;对于D ,原命题的逆命题为:若函数f (x )=ax 2+2x ﹣1只有一个零点,则a=﹣1“,∵a=0时,函数f (x )=ax 2+2x ﹣1只有一个零点,故错; 故选:B【点评】本题考查了命题真假的判定,属于基础题.5.已知向量=(1,﹣2),=(1,1),→→→-=b a m , =+λ,如果→→⊥n m ,那么实数λ=( ) A .4 B .3 C .2 D .1【考点】数量积判断两个平面向量的垂直关系.【分析】先利用平面向量坐标运算法则求出,,再由⊥,利用向量垂直的条件能求出实数λ.【解答】解:∵向量=(1,﹣2),=(1,1),→→→-=b a m , =+λ, ∴→m =(0,﹣3),=(1+λ,﹣2+λ), ∵→→⊥n m ,∴=0﹣3(﹣2+λ)=0,解得λ=2. 故选:C .【点评】本题考查实数值的求法,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意向量垂直的性质的合理运用.6.若对于任意的x >0,不等式≤a 恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围为( )A.a≥B.a>C.a<D.a≤【考点】基本不等式.【分析】由x>0,不等式=,运用基本不等式可得最大值,由恒成立思想可得a的范围.【解答】解:由x>0,=,令t=x+,则t≥2=2当且仅当x=1时,t取得最小值2.取得最大值,所以对于任意的x>0,不等式≤a恒成立,则a≥,故选:A.【点评】本题考查函数的恒成立问题的解法,注意运用基本不等式求得最值,考查运算能力,属于中档题.7.甲袋中装有3个白球和5个黑球,乙袋中装有4个白球和6个黑球,现从甲袋中随机取出一个球放入乙袋中,充分混合后,再从乙袋中随机取出一个球放回甲袋中,则甲袋中白球没有减少的概率为()A. B. C. D.【考点】古典概型及其概率计算公式.【分析】白球没有减少的情况有:①抓出黑球,抓入任意球,概率是:.抓出白球,抓入白球,概率是,再把这2个概率相加,即得所求.【解答】解:白球没有减少的情况有:①抓出黑球,抓入任意球,概率是:.抓出白球,抓入白球,概率是=,故所求事件的概率为=,故选C.【点评】本题考查古典概型及其概率计算公式的应用,属于基础题.8.若执行如图所示程序框图,则输出的s值为()A.﹣2016 B.2016 C.﹣2017 D.2017【考点】程序框图.【分析】由程序框图求出前几次运行结果,观察规律可知,得到的S 的结果与n的值的关系,由程序框图可得当n=2017时,退出循环,由此能求出结果.【解答】解:模拟程序的运行,可得n=1,s=0满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=﹣1,n=2满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=﹣1+3=2,n=3满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=﹣1+3﹣5=﹣3,n=4满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=﹣1+3﹣5+7=4,n=5满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=﹣5,n=6满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=6,n=7…满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=﹣2015,n=2016满足条件n<2017,执行循环体,s=2016,n=2017不满足条件n<2017,退出循环,输出s的值为2016.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了程序框图的应用问题,解题时应模拟程序框图的运行过程,以便得出正确的结论,属于基础题.9.高为5,底面边长为4的正三棱柱形容器(下有底)内,可放置最大球的半径是()A.B.2 C.D.【考点】棱柱的结构特征.【分析】由题中条件知高为5,底面边长为4的正三棱柱形容器(下有底)内,可放置最大球的半径,即为底面正三角形的内切圆的半径,然后解答即可.【解答】解:由题意知,正三棱柱形容器内有一个球,其最大半径为rr即为底面正三角形的内切圆半径,∵底面边长为4的r=2故选B.【点评】本题考查棱柱的结构特征、球的性质,考查学生空间想象能力,解答的关键是构造球的大圆沟通条件之间的联系.10.已知点p(x,y)满足过点p(x,y)向圆x2+y2=1做两条切线,切点分别是点A和点B,则当∠APB最大时,的值是()A.2 B.3 C.D.【考点】简单线性规划.【分析】作出不等式组对应的平面区域,根据数形结合求确定当α最小时,P的位置,利用向量的数量积公式,求解即可.【解答】解:作出不等式组对应的平面区域如图,要使∠APB最大,则P到圆心的距离最小即可,由图象可知当OP垂直直线x+y﹣2=0时P到圆心的距离最小,此时|OP|==2,|OA|=1,设∠APB=α,则sin=,=此时cosα=,•=••=.故选:D.【点评】本题主要考查线性规划的应用,考查学生分析解决问题的能力,利用数形结合是解决本题的关键.11.过双曲线﹣=1(a>0,b>0)的右焦点D作直线y=﹣x的垂线,垂足为A,交双曲线左支于B点,若=2,则该双曲线的离心率为()A.B.2 C.D.【考点】双曲线的简单性质.【分析】根据题意直线AB的方程为y=(x﹣c)代入双曲线渐近线方程,求出A的坐标,进而求得B的表达式,代入双曲线方程整理求得a和c的关系式,进而求得离心率.【解答】解:设F(c,0),则直线AB的方程为y=(x﹣c)代入双曲线渐近线方程y=﹣x得A(,﹣),由=2,可得B(﹣,﹣),把B点坐标代入双曲线方程﹣=1,即=1,整理可得c=a,即离心率e==.故选:C.【点评】本题主要考查了双曲线的简单性质.解题的关键是通过分析题设中的信息,找到双曲线方程中a和c的关系.12.已知f(x)是定义在(0,+∞)的函数.对任意两个不相等的正数x1,x2,都有>0,记a=,b=,c=,则()A.a<b<c B.b<a<c C.c<a<b D.c<b<a【考点】函数单调性的性质.【分析】由题意可得函数是(0,+∞)上的增函数,比较大小可得0.32<30.2<log25,故可得答案.【解答】解:∵f(x)是定义在(0,+∞)上的函数,对任意两个不相等的正数x1,x2,都有>0,∴函数是(0,+∞)上的增函数,∵1<30.2<3,0<0.32<1,log25>2,∴0.32<30.2<log25,∴c<a<b.故选:C.【点评】本题主要考查利用函数的单调性比较大小,考查学生对指数函数、对数函数性质的运用能力,属于中档题.二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13.设随机变量ξ~N(2,4),若P(ξ>a+2)=P(ξ<2a﹣3),则实数a的值为.【考点】正态分布曲线的特点及曲线所表示的意义.【分析】直接利用正态分布的对称性,列出方程求解即可.【解答】解:由题意可知随机变量ξ~N(2,4),满足正态分布,对称轴为μ=2,P(ξ>a+2)=P(ξ<2a﹣3),则:a+2+2a﹣3=4,解得a=.故答案为.【点评】本题考查正态分布的基本性质的应用,考查计算能力.14.若的展开式中第3项的二项式系数是15,则展开式中所有项的系数之和为.【考点】二项式系数的性质.【分析】求出展开式的通项,令r=2求出展开式第3项的二项式系数,列出方程求出n;令二项式中的x=1求出展开式的所有项的系数和.【解答】解:展开式的通项为当r=2时是展开式中第3项的二项式系数为C n2=15解得n=6令二项式中的x=1得展开式中所有项的系数之和为.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查了二项式这部分的两个重要的题型:求展开式的特定项、求展开式的系数和问题.15.在△ABC中,a=3,b=2,∠B=2∠A,则c=5.【考点】余弦定理.【分析】由∠B=2∠A,得到sinB=sin2A=2sinAcosA,利用正弦定理化简将a与b的值代入求出cosA的值,利用余弦定理列出关系式,将a,b,cosA的值代入即可求出c的值.【解答】解:∵∠B=2∠A,∴sinB=sin2A=2sinAcosA,利用正弦定理化简得:b=2acosA,把a=3,b=2代入得:2=6cosA,即cosA=,由余弦定理得:a2=b2+c2﹣2bccosA,即9=24+c2﹣8c,解得:c=5或c=3,当c=3时,a=c,即∠A=∠C,∠B=2∠A=2∠C,∴∠A+∠C=∠B,即∠B=90°,而32+32≠(2)2,矛盾,舍去;则c=5.故答案为:5【点评】此题考查了正弦、余弦定理,以及二倍角的正弦函数公式,熟练掌握定理是解本题的关键.16.已知函数f(x)=.若a>0,则函数y=f(f(x))﹣1有3个零点.【考点】根的存在性及根的个数判断.【分析】函数y=f(f(x))﹣1=0,求出f(x)的值,然后利用分段函数的表达式求解x的值,推出结果.【解答】解:函数y=f(f(x))﹣1,令f(f(x))﹣1=0,当f(x)>0时,可得log2f(x)=1,解得f(x)=2,则log2x=2,解得x=4,ax+1=2,解得x=(舍去).当f(x)<0,可得af(x)+1=1,解得f(x)=0,则log2x=0,解得x=1,ax+1=0,解得x=﹣.所以函数的零点3个.故答案为:3.【点评】本题考查分段函数的应用,函数的零点个数的求法,考查转化思想以及计算能力.三、解答题:解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.17.(12分)(2017•平顶山一模)已知S n为数列{a n}的前n项和,且2S n=3a n﹣2(n∈N*).(Ⅰ)求a n和S n;(Ⅱ)若b n=log3(S n+1),求数列{b2n}的前n项和T n.【考点】数列的求和.【分析】(Ⅰ)由2S n=3a n﹣2可求得a1=2;当n≥2时,a n=3a n﹣1,从而可知数列{a n}是首项为2,公比为3的等比数列,继而可得a n和S n;(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知S n=3n﹣1,从而可得b n=n,b2n=2n,利用等差数列的求和公式即可求得数列{b2n}的前n项和T n.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)∵2S n=3a n﹣2,∴n=1时,2S1=3a1﹣2,解得a1=2;当n≥2时,2S n﹣1=3a n﹣1﹣2,∴2S n﹣2S n﹣1=3a n﹣3a n﹣1,∴2a n=3a n﹣3a n﹣1,∴a n=3a n﹣1,∴数列{a n}是首项为2,公比为3的等比数列,∴a n=2•3n﹣1,S n==3n﹣1,(Ⅱ)∵a n=2•3n﹣1,S n=3n﹣1,∴b n=log3(S n+1)=log33n=n,∴b2n=2n,∴T n=2+4+6+…+2n==n2+n.【点评】本题考查数列的求和,着重考查等比数列的判定与通项公式、求和公式的应用,突出考查等差数列的求和,属于中档题.18.(12分)(2017•平顶山一模)某校高一共录取新生1000名,为了解学生视力情况,校医随机抽取了100名学生进行视力测试,并得到如下频率分布直方图.(Ⅰ)若视力在4.6~4.8的学生有24人,试估计高一新生视力在4.8以上的人数;(Ⅱ)校医发现学习成绩较高的学生近视率较高,又在抽取的100名学生中,对成绩在前50名的学生和其他学生分别进行统计,得到如右数据,根据这些数据,校医能否有超过95%的把握认为近视与学习成绩有关?(Ⅲ)用分层抽样的方法从(Ⅱ)中27名不近视的学生中抽出6人,再从这6人中任抽2人,其中抽到成绩在前50名的学生人数为ξ,求ξ的分布列和数学期望.【考点】离散型随机变量的期望与方差;离散型随机变量及其分布列. 【分析】(Ⅰ)利用频率分布表,求出前四组学生的视力在4.8以下的人数,然后求解视力在4.8以上的人数.(Ⅱ)求出k 2,即可说明校医有超过95%的把握认为近视与成绩有关. (Ⅲ)依题意,6人中年级名次在1~50名和951~1000名的分别有2人和4人,所以ξ可取0,1,2.求出概率,顶点分布列,然后求解期望即可.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)由图可知,前四组学生的视力在4.8以下,第一组有0.15×0.2×100=3人,第二组有0.35×0.2×100=7人,第三组1.35×0.2×100=27人,第四组有24人.…(2分) 所以视力在4.8以上的人数为人. (Ⅱ),因此校医有超过95%的把握认为近视与成绩有关.…(8分)(Ⅲ)依题意,6人中年级名次在1~50名和951~1000名的分别有2人和4人,所以ξ可取0,1,2.,,,ξ的分布列为…(10分)ξ的数学期望.…(12分)【点评】本题考查频率分布直方图以及概率的求法,分布列以及期望的求法,考查转化思想以及计算能力.19.(12分)(2017•平顶山一模)如图,在四棱锥P﹣ABCD中,CB ⊥平面PAB,AD∥BC,且PA=PB=AB=BC=2AD=2.(Ⅰ)求证:平面DPC⊥平面BPC;(Ⅱ)求二面角C﹣PD﹣B的余弦值.【考点】二面角的平面角及求法;平面与平面垂直的判定.【分析】(Ⅰ)分别取PC,PB的中点E,F,连结DE,EF,AF,证明AF⊥EF,AF⊥PB.推出AF⊥平面BPC,然后证明DE⊥平面BPC,即可证明平面DPC⊥平面BPC.….(Ⅱ)解法1:连结BE,说明BE⊥CP,推出BE⊥平面DPC,过E作EM⊥PD,垂足为M,连结MB,说明∠BME为二面角C﹣PD﹣B的平面角.在△PDE中,求解即可.解法2:以A为坐标原点,建立空间直角坐标系,求出相关点的坐标,求出平面PDC和面PBC的法向量,由空间向量的数量积求解二面角C ﹣PD﹣B的余弦值即可.【解答】(本小题满分12分)解:(Ⅰ)证明:如图,分别取PC,PB的中点E,F,连结DE,EF,AF,由题意知,四边形ADEF为矩形,∴AF⊥EF.…(2分)又∵△PAB为等边三角形,∴AF⊥PB.又∵EF∩PB=F,∴AF⊥平面BPC.…又DE∥AF.∴DE⊥平面BPC,又DE⊂平面DPC,∴平面DPC⊥平面BPC.…(Ⅱ)解法1:连结BE,则BE⊥CP,由(Ⅰ)知,BE⊥平面DPC,过E作EM⊥PD,垂足为M,连结MB,则∠BME为二面角C﹣PD﹣B的平面角.…(7分)由题意知,DP=DC=,PC=,∴,∴,∴在△PDE中,.…(10分)又,∴,∴.…(12分)(Ⅱ)解法2:如图,以A为坐标原点,建立空间直角坐标系,则,A(0,0,0),B(0,2,0),,C(0,2,2),D(0,0,1).,,.…(8分)设平面PDC和面PBC的法向量分别为,,由,得,令y=﹣1得;由,得,令a=1得.…(10分)∴二面角C﹣PD﹣B的余弦值为.…(12分)【点评】本题考查平面与平面垂直的判定定理的应用,二面角的平面角的求法,考查空间想象能力以及计算能力.20.(12分)(2017•平顶山一模)如图,点P为圆E:(x﹣1)2+y2=r2(r>1)与x轴的左交点,过点P作弦PQ,使PQ与y轴交于PQ的中点D.(Ⅰ)当r在(1,+∞)内变化时,求点Q的轨迹方程;(Ⅱ)已知点A(﹣1,1),设直线AQ,EQ分别与(Ⅰ)中的轨迹交于另一点Q1,Q2,求证:当Q在(Ⅰ)中的轨迹上移动时,只要Q1,Q2都存在,且Q1,Q2不重合,则直线Q1Q2恒过定点,并求该定点坐标.【考点】直线与抛物线的位置关系;抛物线的标准方程.【分析】(Ⅰ)设Q(x,y),则PQ的中点,由题意DE⊥DQ,得,代入坐标得答案;(Ⅱ)分别设出Q、Q1、Q2的坐标,结合A,Q,Q1共线,E,Q,Q2共线可把Q1、Q2的坐标用Q的坐标表示,得到线Q1Q2的方程,再由直线系方程可得直线Q1Q2恒过定点,并求该定点坐标.【解答】(Ⅰ)解:设Q(x,y),则PQ的中点,∵E(1,0),∴,.在圆E中,∵DE⊥DQ,∴,则.∴点Q的轨迹方程y2=4x(x≠0);(Ⅱ)证明:设Q(t2,2t),,,则直线Q1Q2的方程为(t1+t2)y﹣2x﹣2t1t2=0.由A,Q,Q1共线,得,从而(,否则Q1不存在),由E,Q,Q2共线,得,从而(t≠0,否则Q2不存在),∴,,∴直线Q1Q2的方程化为t2(y﹣4x)+2t(x+1)+(y+4)=0,令,得x=﹣1,y=﹣4.∴直线Q1Q2恒过定点(﹣1,﹣4).【点评】本题考查直线与抛物线位置关系的应用,训练了平面向量在求解圆锥曲线问题中的应用,考查计算能力,属中档题.21.(12分)(2015•新课标Ⅱ)设函数f(x)=e mx+x2﹣mx.(1)证明:f(x)在(﹣∞,0)单调递减,在(0,+∞)单调递增;(2)若对于任意x1,x2∈[﹣1,1],都有|f(x1)﹣f(x2)|≤e﹣1,求m的取值范围.【考点】利用导数研究函数的单调性;利用导数求闭区间上函数的最值.【分析】(1)利用f′(x)≥0说明函数为增函数,利用f′(x)≤0说明函数为减函数.注意参数m的讨论;(2)由(1)知,对任意的m,f(x)在[﹣1,0]单调递减,在[0,1]单调递增,则恒成立问题转化为最大值和最小值问题.从而求得m 的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)证明:f′(x)=m(e mx﹣1)+2x.若m≥0,则当x∈(﹣∞,0)时,e mx﹣1≤0,f′(x)<0;当x∈(0,+∞)时,e mx﹣1≥0,f′(x)>0.若m<0,则当x∈(﹣∞,0)时,e mx﹣1>0,f′(x)<0;当x∈(0,+∞)时,e mx﹣1<0,f′(x)>0.所以,f(x)在(﹣∞,0)时单调递减,在(0,+∞)单调递增.(2)由(1)知,对任意的m,f(x)在[﹣1,0]单调递减,在[0,1]单调递增,故f(x)在x=0处取得最小值.所以对于任意x1,x2∈[﹣1,1],|f(x1)﹣f(x2)|≤e﹣1的充要条件是即设函数g(t)=e t﹣t﹣e+1,则g′(t)=e t﹣1.当t<0时,g′(t)<0;当t>0时,g′(t)>0.故g(t)在(﹣∞,0)单调递减,在(0,+∞)单调递增.又g(1)=0,g(﹣1)=e﹣1+2﹣e<0,故当t∈[﹣1,1]时,g(t)≤0.当m∈[﹣1,1]时,g(m)≤0,g(﹣m)≤0,即合式成立;当m>1时,由g(t)的单调性,g(m)>0,即e m﹣m>e﹣1.当m<﹣1时,g(﹣m)>0,即e﹣m+m>e﹣1.综上,m的取值范围是[﹣1,1]【点评】本题主要考查导数在求单调函数中的应用和恒成立在求参数中的应用.属于难题,高考压轴题.请考生从(22)、(23)两题中任选一题作答.注意:只能做所选定的题目.如果多做,则按所做的第一个题目计分,作答时请用2B铅笔在答题卡上将所选题号后的方框涂黑.(本小题满分10分)[选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程]22.(10分)(2017•平顶山一模)在直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,以x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为ρ=2sinθ.(Ⅰ)将曲线C的极坐标方程化为参数方程:(Ⅱ)如果过曲线C上一点M且斜率为﹣的直线与直线l:y=﹣x+6交于点Q,那么当|MQ|取得最小值时,求M点的坐标.【考点】简单曲线的极坐标方程;参数方程化成普通方程.【分析】(Ⅰ)根据ρcosθ=x,ρsinθ=y,ρ2=x2+y2化为普通方程,再转化为参数方程即可.(Ⅱ)设斜率为的直线与l的夹角为γ(定值),M到l的距离为d,令,则,利用三角函数的有界限求解最小值即可.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)∵,∴,∵ρcosθ=x,ρsinθ=y,ρ2=x2+y2,∴曲线C的普通方程为,∴曲线C的参数方程为(α为参数).(Ⅱ)方法一:设斜率为的直线与l的夹角为γ(定值),M到l的距离为d,则,所以d取最小值时,|MQ|最小.令,则,当时,d最小.∴点M的坐标为.(Ⅱ)方法二:设斜率为的直线与l的夹角为γ(定值),M到l的距离为d,则,∴d取最小值时,|MQ|最小.∴,M是过圆心垂直于l的直线与圆(靠近直线l端)的交点.由,得或(舍去).∴点M的坐标为.【点评】本题考查参数方程、极坐标方程、普通方程的互化,以及应用,直线参数方程的几何意义的运用.属于中档题.[选修4-5:不等式选讲]23.(2017•平顶山一模)已知函数f(x)=|x﹣2|+|x+1|.(Ⅰ)解不等式f(x)>5;(Ⅱ)若f(x)≥﹣对任意实数x恒成立,求a的取值范围.【考点】函数恒成立问题;绝对值不等式的解法.【分析】(Ⅰ)去掉绝对值符号,然后求解不等式即可解不等式f(x)>5;(Ⅱ)利用绝对值的几何意义,求出f(x)的最小值,利用恒成立,转化不等式求解即可.【解答】(本小题满分10分)解:(Ⅰ)原不等式可化为:或或…(3分)解得:x<﹣2或x>3,所以解集为:(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(3,+∞).…(Ⅱ)因为|x﹣2|+|x+1|≥|x﹣2﹣(x+1)|=3,…(7分)所以f(x)≥3,当x≤﹣1时等号成立.所以f(x)min=3.又,故.…(10分)【点评】本题考查函数的恒成立,函数的最值的求法,绝对值不等式的几何意义的应用,考查转化思想以及计算能力.。
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashingtonD.C.SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.TheOldTownTrolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites includingMuseumofAfrican American Historyand Culture.Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1. Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour2. Which tour lasts longest?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour3. Where will you read this text most likely?A. In a guidebook.B. In a magazine.C. In a newspaper.D. On the Internet.BWhy can friendships be hard? Because often people aren't as honest and open as they should be. Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you'd like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship, because it is really the only way to make sure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you, if he or she is in your shoes.Even if you're always thinking about how you'd like to be treated, and your friends are too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends, or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal with these issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship.4. Why may problems with friendships appear?A. One is selfish.B. One is alone.C. One is too anxious.D. One is too busy.5. What's the first and most important thing to be other people's friend?A. Not to hurt your friends' feelings.B. To give your friends whatever you have.C. To treat your friends as fairly as possible.D. Not to think of your own needs any more.6. What is the text mainly about?A. The Meaning of FriendshipsB. The Importance of FriendshipsC. The Advantages of FriendshipsD. The Problems with Friendships7. What may follow the last paragraph of the text?A. How to make many friends.B. How to keep friends happy.C. How to treat friends correctly.D. How to solve friendship issues.CA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.8. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.9. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.10. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.11. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.DCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene(干预)if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees (针叶树)produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.12. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.13. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.14. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.15. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年平顶山市高三数学下期末第一次模拟试卷(带答案)
【解析】
【分析】
利用已知条件目标可转化为 ,构造 , ,分别求最小值即可.
【详解】
解:
令 , ,
, ,
在 上递减,在 上递增,
所以,
当 时, 有最小值:
所以, 的最小值为
故答案为
【点睛】
本题考查三元函数的最值问题,利用条件减元,构造新函数,借助导数知识与二次知识处理问题.考查函数与方程思想,减元思想,属于中档题.
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除
一、选择题
1.B
解析:B
【解析】
【分析】
作出不等式对应的可行域,当目标函数过点 时, 取最小值,即 ,可求得 的值,当目标函数过点 时, 取最大值,即可求出答案.
【详解】
作出不等式对应的可行域,如下图阴影部分,目标函数可化为 ,
联立 ,可得 ,当目标函数过点 时, 取最小值,则 ,解得 ,
14.已知 , 满足 ,则 的最大值为______.
15.若过点 且斜率为 的直线与抛物线 的准线 相交于点 ,与 的一个交点为 ,若 ,则 ____.
16.在区间 上随机取一个数x, 的值介于 的概率为.
17.已知椭圆 的左焦点为 ,点 在椭圆上且在 轴的上方,若线段 的中点在以原点 为圆心, 为半径的圆上,则直线 的斜率是_______.
【详解】
过点C作CD⊥AB于D,则D为AB的中点.
Rt△ACD中, ,
可得cosA= =2.
故答案为2
【点睛】
本题已知圆的弦长,求向量的数量积.着重考查了圆的性质、直角三角形中三角函数的定义与向量的数量积公式等知识,属于基础题.
则该双曲线的离心率为e ,
故选C.
【点睛】
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三生物第一次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三生物第一次联考试卷及答案解析一、选择题:本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下列关于真核生物遗传物质和性状的叙述,正确的是()A.细胞中染色体的数目等于DNA的数目或为DNA数目的一半B.生物体中,一个基因决定一种性状,一种性状由一个基因决定C.细胞中DNA分子的碱基对数等于所有基因的碱基对数之和D.有丝分裂有利于保持亲代细胞和子代细胞间遗传性状的稳定2. 两个氨基酸分子脱水缩合形成二肽,同时生成一分子水,该水分子中的氢来自()A. 氨基B. 羧基C. 氨基和羧基D. 连在C原子上的H3. 肺炎双球菌转化实验中,将加热杀死的S型细菌与R型活细菌相混合后,注射到小鼠体内,在小鼠体内S型和R型细菌含量变化情况如右图所示。
下列有关叙述中错误是的()A.在死亡的小鼠体内存在着S型和R型两种细菌B.曲线ab段下降的原因是R型细菌被小鼠的免疫系统所消灭C.曲线bc段上升,与S型细菌在小鼠体内增殖导致小鼠免疫力降低有关D.S型细菌数量从0开始是由于R型细菌突变的结果4. 下列关于糖类和脂质的叙述,错误的是()A.质量相同的糖类和脂肪被彻底氧化分解,糖类耗氧少B.并非所有的糖都是能源物质,如脱氧核糖是DNA的成分C.脂质具有储存能量、构成细胞结构以及调节等功能D.糖类是细胞中主要的能源物质,主要原因是糖类在活细胞中的含量比脂质高5. 下图是细胞核的结构模式图。
下列关于各结构及功能的叙述,正确的是A.①是双层膜,把核内物质与细胞质分开B.①是染色体遗传物质主要载体C.①位于细胞核的中央,是细胞核功能的控制中心D.①是大分子物质如DNA出入细胞核的通道6. 下列化合物所含化学元素种类最少的是()A.磷脂B.氨基酸C.核苷酸D.脂肪7. 下图为人体内血糖的调节示意图,下列说法中正确的是()A.①激素能促进血糖进入组织细胞B.①、①激素间既有协同作用又有拮抗作用C.①激素分泌量的增加可促进肝糖元的分解D.图中的A结构还可分泌促甲状腺激素8. 直接参与体内细胞与外界环境之间气体交换的系统是()A.循环系统和消化系统B.消化系统和呼吸系统C.循环系统和呼吸系统D.呼吸系统和泌尿系统9. 下列选项不能说明神经系统分级调节的是()A.指尖采血时,针刺指尖不能引起缩手反射B.运动员听到枪声时迅速起跑C.司机看见路人过斑马线时停车等候D.婴儿膀胱充盈时,引起膀胱排尿10. 下列物质中,在正常情况下不应该出现在人体内环境中的是A.抗体B.糖原C.胰岛素D.氨基酸11. 科学家证实:RNaseP酶由蛋白质和RNA组成,将这种酶中的蛋白质和RNA分开,在适宜条件下,RNA 仍然具有与这种酶相同的催化活性,而蛋白质不具有。
河南省平顶山市鲁山第一高级中学2019-2020学年高三数学理模拟试卷含解析
河南省平顶山市鲁山第一高级中学2019-2020学年高三数学理模拟试卷含解析一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 已知集合,,若,则实数的取值范围为()A.(4,+∞) B.[4,+∞) C.(-∞,4) D.(-∞,4]参考答案:B2. 已知命题P:?x∈R,e x﹣x﹣1>0,则¬P是()A.?x∈R,e x﹣x﹣1<0 B.?x0∈R,e﹣x0﹣1≤0C.?x0∈R,e﹣x0﹣1<0 D.?x∈R,e x﹣x﹣1≤0参考答案:B【考点】命题的否定.【专题】计算题;规律型;简易逻辑.【分析】直接利用全称命题的否定是特称命题写出结果即可.【解答】解:因为全称命题的否定是特称命题,所以,命题P:?x∈R,e x﹣x﹣1>0,则¬P是?x0∈R,e﹣x0﹣1≤0.故选:B.【点评】本题考查命题的否定,特称命题与全称命题的否定关系,是基础题.3. 已知复数,则在复平面内对应的点位于()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限参考答案:B略4. 已知函数:①,②,③.则以下四个命题对已知的三个函数都能成立的是命题是奇函数;命题在上是增函数;命题;命题的图像关于直线对称A.命题 B.命题 C.命题 D.命题参考答案:C当时,函数不是奇函数,所以命题不能使三个函数都成立,排除A,D.①成立;②成立;③成立,所以命题能使三个函数都成立,所以选C.5. 设函数的零点为的零点为,若可以是A. B.C. D.参考答案:D6. 在四边形ABCD中, =0,且,则四边形ABCD是()A.平行四边形B.菱形C.矩形D.正方形参考答案:C【考点】相等向量与相反向量.【专题】计算题;转化思想;综合法;平面向量及应用.【分析】由=0,得AB⊥BC,由,得AB DC,由此能判断四边形ABCD的形状.【解答】解:在四边形ABCD中,∵=0,∴AB⊥BC,∵,∴AB DC,∴四边形ABCD是矩形.故选:C.【点评】本题考查四边形形状的判断,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意向量垂直和向量相等的性质的合理运用.7. 计算(A)(B)(C)(D)参考答案:D8. 已知实数,则“”是“”的()A. 充分而不必要条件B. 必要而不充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件参考答案:B【分析】首先解出的等价条件,然后根据充分条件与必要条件的定义进行判定。
2020年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf your Spanish is good enough, many Spanish gossip magazines being published around the world will provide entertainment and, at the same time, help you practice your language.Diez Minutos: The magazine is a classic Spanish gossip feast with dailynews based on many stories of love, separation, divorce and death. The two main parts are headlined "love" and "partners". They also have an online version of the magazine for serious gossip addicts.Hola: It isSpain's top weekly magazine and the leader of the gossip world. It contains many pictures and a round-up of well-known and less well-known nobles and people in show business. Apart from edited highlights from the present and past issues, there is a report of the week and photo of the week. There is also a French version called OhLa!Revista CUORE: As the third best-selling gossip magazine inSpain, it is mainly aimed at younger teenage readers who look not only for current celebrity gossip, but also for fashion and TV news. It uses a lot of oral terms.Revista SEMANA: It is a Spanish magazine covering the latest news on the famous inSpainandHollywood. It also offers its readers information on fashion, beauty, cooking and travel.Marujeo: It is a blog serving up a daily diet of national gossip news on Spanish and international celebrities and the celebrity world from a particular point of view.Revista CARAS: It is a magazine published in various countries ofLatin America. It is also exported to certain parts of theUnited States, bringing together strange and wonderful news from around the world and the famous Latin community.1.Which magazine is also published in French?A.MarujeoB.Revista SEMANA.C.Revista CARAS.D.Hola.2.How many of the magazines mentioned in the text can be read on the Internet?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.D.One.3.What can be learned from the passage?A.Diez Minutos presents its readers weekly picturesB.Revista CUORE can help improve one's spoken Spanish.C.Revista SEMANA is intended for readers in teensD.Revista CARAS mainly reports news fromLatin America.BSam, I say to myself as I start across the bridge, you must stop these thoughts and start thinking about what to do now that you have lost your falcon, Frightful.Life, my friend Ban do once said, is meeting problems and solving them whether you are an amoeba or a space traveller. I have a problem. I have to provide my younger sister Alice and myself with meat. Fish, nuts, and vegetables are good and necessary, but they don't provide enough fuel for the hard physical work we do. Although we have venison now, I can't always count on getting it. So far this year, our venison has been only road kill from in front of Mrs Strawberry's farm.I decide to take the longest way home, down the flood plain of the West Branch of Delaware to Spillkill, my own name for a fast stream that cascades down the south face of the mountain range I'm on. I need time to think. Perhaps Alice and I should be like the early Eskimos. We should walk, camp and hunt, and when the seasons change, walk on to new food sources. But I love my tree and my mountaintop.Another solution would be to become farmers, like the people of the Iroquois Confederacy who once lived here. They settled in villages and planted corm and squash, bush beans and berries. We already grow groundnuts in the damp soil and squash in the poor land. But the Iroquois also hunted game. I can't do that anymore.I'm back where I started from.Slowly I climb the Spillkill. As I hop from rock to rock beneath shady basswoods and hemlocks, I hear the cry of the red-tailed hawk who nests on the mountain crest. I am reminded of Frightful and my heart aches. I can almost hear her call my name, Cree, Cree, Cree, Car-ree.Maybe I can get her back if I beg the man who is in charge of the peregrines at the university. “But it's the law,” he would say. I could write to the president of the United States and ask him to make an exception of Alice and me. That won't work. The president swore to uphold the Constitution and laws of the United States when he took office.I climb on. I must stop thinking about the impossible and solve the problem of what to do now. I must find a new way to provide for us. Frightful is going to be in good hands at the university, and she will have young.I smile at the thought of little Frightfuls and lift my reluctant feet.When I am far above the river, I take off my clothes and moccasins and bathe in a deep, clear pool until I amrefreshed and thinking more clearly. Climbing up the bank, I dress and sit down. I breathe deeply of the mountain air and try to solve my problem more realistically.4. What does this excerpt main describe?A. Delicate mental activities.B. Unique story environment.C. Everchanging story events.D. Complicated character relationship.5. What is Sam's first worry?A. How to get back quicklyB. How to get enough venison.C. How to ensure the safety of Frightful.D. How to provide meat for Alice and himself.6. What do we know about Frightful?A. He left Sam and Alice due to lack of food.B. He helped Sam hunt before being taken away.C. He is living with the red-tailed hawk happily.D. He has given birth to babies in the university.7. Which of the following can best describe Sam?A. Humorous.B. Aggressive.C. Responsible.D. Unrealistic.CIf you've ever had a dog, you know just howdeep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend”. But a dog's life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business toUKdog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile,another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months. The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price — around £63,000.But if you can't afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory andaccess it at a later date.However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian (斑点狗) clone will be different, for example” InsungHwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood atNewcastle University,UK, told The Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”8. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A. Making copies of pet dogs.B. Giving pet dogs identical twinsC. Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.D.Helping dog owners love their dogs more.9. Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?a. An egg is taken from another dog.b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.A.a→d→b→e→c.B. a→e→b→d→cC. b→a→d→e→c.D. b→a→e→d→c.10. What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?A. It has not been put into practice until recently.B. It is very popular among US andUKpet owners.C. It might not give the owners an exactlysame dog.D. It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.11. What doesKirkwoodthink of dog cloning?A. He disagrees with it.B. He supports it.C. He is curious about it.D. He thinks it unbelievable.DWhat a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends andreally liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!The day started very early at 7:00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.12. How did the author feel the night before her new school?A. Tired.B. ConfidentC. Worried.D. homesick13. What did the author think of her mother’s advice?A. Clear.B. Funny.C. OptionalD. Respectable14. What happened on the author's first day of school?A. She met many nice people.B. She had a hurried breakfast.C. She learned tome new skills.D. She arrived at school very early.15. What can we infer about Abigail?A. She disliked Stacey.B. She was shy and quiet.C. She got on well with the author.D. She was an old friend of the author.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年河南平顶山市高三(上)第一次模拟物理试卷(含答案解析)
2019-2020学年河南平顶山市高三(上)第一次模拟物理试卷一、单选题(本大题共8小题,共32.0分)1.汽车紧急刹车后,停止运动的车轮在水平地面上滑动直至停止,在地面上留下的痕迹称为刹车线.由刹车线的长短可知汽车刹车前的速度.已知汽车轮胎与地面之间的动摩擦因数为0.80,测得刹车线长25m.汽车在刹车前的瞬间的速度大小为()A. 10m/sB. 20m/sC. 30m/sD. 40m/s2.如图所示,有3000个质量均为m的小球,将它们用长度相等的轻绳依次连接,再将其左端用细绳固定在天花板上,右端施加一水平力使全部小球静止。
若连接天花板的细绳与水平方向的夹角为37°。
则第1218个小球与1219个小球之间的轻绳与水平方向的夹角α的正切值等于(sin37°=0.6,cos37°=0.8)()A. 17814000B. 12194000C. 6092000D. 89120003.一物体运动的速度−时间图象如图所示,t轴上、下方曲线的形状完全相同,下列说法正确的是()A. t=1s时,物体的加速度最大B. t=2s时,物体的加速度为零C. 物体前两秒的平均速度等于5m/sD. 物体前四秒的平均速度等于零4.如图所示,在压力传感器的托盘上固定一个倾角为30°的光滑斜面,现将一个重4N的物块放在斜面上,让它自由滑下,则下列说法正确的是()A. 测力计的示数和没放物块时相比增大2√3NB. 测力计的示数和没放物块时相比增大1NC. 测力计的示数和没放物块时相比增大2ND. 测力计的示数和没放物块时相比增大3N5.如图所示,汽车关闭发动机后沿水平面做匀减速直线运动,它从A点运动到B点时,速度从v A=7m/s减到v B=5m/s,A,B两点相距24m,经B点后再过12s,汽车又前进了()A. 24mB. 25mC. 30mD. 60m6.某质点的速度与位移的关系为v 2=3x+25,式中物理量单位都是SI制单位,则质点的()A. 初速度为3m/sB. 初速度为5m/sC. 加速度为5m/s2D. 加速度为3m/s27.如图所示,质量为m的小物块静止在倾角为θ的固定斜面上。
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三语文一模试题及答案
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第一中学高三语文一模试题及答案一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字,完成下列小题。
百余年来,随着工业革命“机器时代”的推进,以及当下全球“智能时代”的崛起,机器代替手工的趋势越来越明显,人们却逐渐意识到手工创造之于人类生存、生活的独特价值。
我们无法想象,一个只懂操作机器的国度,如何生长出灿烂持久的文明。
今天,回归手工不是回到低产能的前工业化状态,而是回到人之创造活动的原点——动手体验,通过动手重新唤醒人类手脑心的整合协调能力,获得机器无法比拟的创造性动能,从而逐渐恢复文化创新能力。
进一步提振手工并释放其能量,可以使手工艺通过创造性转化不断绽放光彩,对于维护世界文化的多样性和文化生态的完整性,维持社会情感勾连的稳定性和持续性,均具有积极的现实意义。
就中国目前情况而言,进一步释放手工的能量,大致可从城市与乡村两套体系入手。
在两套体系的践行过程中,始终穿插着一根主线,即强化国人内心深处对于自身文化传统的守护感和参与感。
一些具有文化品质的手工体验空间正逐渐成为城市生活的重要组成部分。
中国互联网经济的快速崛起,更为大批创业者、手工艺人和手工研究者提供了平台——他们中的一些人利用网络资源开设网店、开发软件,让曾经默默无闻的传统手工技艺得到广泛社会传播。
与此同时,在许多一二线城市繁华商圈中,相继涌现出各种“手工坊”“手作联盟”,从单一的陶器、木工、银饰、剪纸等手工作坊,逐渐发展为容纳手工市集、作品展览、专业讲座等多种形式的综合性手工体验空间。
此类手工体验空间尝试引导人们从物质消费转化为精神消费,从消费商品转化为消费时间,从普通观看升级为动手体验,带给人们对于休闲文化和美好生活的新体验。
民间是手工技艺的原生土壤,都市中的社区更是一个不可忽视的“现代民间”。
目前,在国内重要城市中已经出现一些极富特色的手工体验社区或街道,如北京的大栅栏、史家胡同、什刹海以及上海的石库门老街等,它们大多依托当地保存良好的传统古建筑和闲适的胡同、弄堂文化,进行“在地性”手工项目体验与推广。
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第四中学高三数学理模拟试卷含解析
2019-2020学年河南省平顶山市第四中学高三数学理模拟试卷含解析一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 是三角形的一个内角,且,则方程所表示的曲线为()A.焦点在x轴上的椭圆 B.焦点在y轴上的椭圆C.焦点在x轴上的双曲线 D.焦点在y轴上的双曲线参考答案:C2. 已知集合,,则()(A)(B)(C)(D)参考答案:C因为,,所以,选C.3. 在如图的正方体中,M、N分别为棱BC和棱CC1的中点,则异面直线AC和MN所成的角为()A.30°B.45°C.60°D.90°参考答案:C【考点】异面直线及其所成的角.【专题】常规题型.【分析】连接C1B,D1A,AC,D1C,将MN平移到D1A,根据异面直线所成角的定义可知∠D1AC为异面直线AC和MN所成的角,而三角形D1AC为等边三角形,即可求出此角.【解答】解:连接C1B,D1A,AC,D1C,MN∥C1B∥D1A∴∠D1AC为异面直线AC和MN所成的角而三角形D1AC为等边三角形∴∠D1AC=60°故选C.【点评】本小题主要考查异面直线所成的角、异面直线所成的角的求法,考查空间想象能力、运算能力和推理论证能力,考查转化思想,属于基础题.4. 设S n是数列{a n}的前n项和,且S n=﹣a n,则a n=()A.B.C.D.参考答案:D【考点】数列递推式.【分析】由已知数列递推式求出首项,进一步得到(n≥2).可得数列{a n}是以为首项,以为公比的等比数列,代入等比数列的通项公式得答案.【解答】解:由,取n=1,得,即.当n≥2时,a n=S n﹣S n﹣1=,即(n≥2).∴数列{a n}是以为首项,以为公比的等比数列,则.故选:D.【点评】本题考查数列递推式,考查了等比关系的确定,训练了等比数列通项公式的求法,是中档题.5. 若且角的终边经过点,则点的横坐标是()A. B. C. D.参考答案:D6. 若g(x)=,则g(g())=()A.﹣ln2 B.1 C.D.2参考答案:C【考点】函数的值.【专题】函数的性质及应用.【分析】根据分段函数的表达式,直接代入求值即可.【解答】解:由分段函数可知,g()=ln<0,∴g(g())=g(ln)=,故选:C.【点评】本题主要考查分段函数的应用,注意分段函数自变量取值的范围.7. 方程表示的曲线是A. 一个圆和一条直线B. 一个圆和一条射线C. 一个圆D. 一条直线参考答案:D8. 已知三个数a=0.60.3,b=log0.63,c=lnπ,则a,b,c的大小关系是()A.c<b<a B.c<a<b C.b<c<a D.b<a<c参考答案:D【考点】对数值大小的比较.【分析】利用指数函数与对数函数的单调性即可得出.【解答】解:三个数a=0.60.3∈(0,1),b=log0.63<0,c=lnπ>1,∴c>a>b.故选:D.9. 若定义域为R的函数f(x)不是奇函数,则下列命题中一定为真命题的是()A.?x∈R,f(﹣x)≠﹣f(x)B.?x∈R,f(﹣x)=f(x)C.?x0∈R,f(﹣x0)=f(x0)D.?x0∈R,f(﹣x0)≠﹣f(x0)参考答案:D【考点】2K:命题的真假判断与应用;2H:全称命题;2I:特称命题.【分析】利用奇函数的定义,结合命题的否定,即可得到结论.【解答】解:∵定义域为R的函数f(x)是奇函数,∴?x∈R,f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),∵定义域为R的函数f(x)不是奇函数,∴?x0∈R,f(﹣x0)≠﹣f(x0)故选D.【点评】本题考查函数的奇偶性,考查命题的否定,属于基础题.10. 数列{a n}满足a1=1,a2=,并且a n(a n﹣1+a n+1)=2a n+1a n﹣1(n≥2),则该数列的第2015项为( )A.B.C.D.参考答案:C考点:数列递推式.专题:等差数列与等比数列.分析:利用递推关系式推出{}为等差数列,然后求出结果即可.解答:解:∵a n(a n﹣1+a n+1)=2a n+1a n﹣1(n≥2),∴a n a n﹣1+a n a n+1=2a n+1a n﹣1(n≥2),两边同除以a n﹣1a n a n+1得:=+,即﹣=﹣,即数列{}为等差数列,∵a1=1,a2=,∴数列{}的公差d=﹣=1,∴=n,∴a n=,即a2015=,故选:C.点评:本题考查数列的递推关系式的应用,判断数列是等差数列是解题的关键,考查计算能力,注意解题方法的积累,属于中档题.二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 已知圆C的圆心为(0,1),直线与圆C相交于A,B两点,且,则圆C的半径为.参考答案:圆心到直线的距离。
河南省平顶山市第三中学2019-2020学年高三化学模拟试卷含解析
河南省平顶山市第三中学2019-2020学年高三化学模拟试卷含解析一、单选题(本大题共15个小题,每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,共60分。
)1. 下列实验方案中,能测定Na2CO3和NaHCO3混合物中NaHCO3质量分数的是()①取a克混合物充分加热,减重b克②取a克混合物与足量稀盐酸充分反应,加热、蒸干、灼烧,得b克固体③取a克混合物与足量稀硫酸充分反应,逸出气体先用浓硫酸干燥再用碱石灰吸收,碱石灰增重b克④取a克混合物与足量Ba(OH)2溶液充分反应,过滤、洗涤、烘干,得b克固体A.只有①②④ B.①②③④ C.只有①③④ D.只有①②③参考答案:B略2. (08东莞调研)中学化学教材中有大量数据,下列为某同学对数据的利用情况,其中不正确的是()A. 用NaOH和HCl 反应测得的中和热,推算一定量稀H2SO4和NaOH 溶液反应的反应热B. 用沸点数据推测两种液体混合物用蒸馏方法分离开来的可能性C.用沸点数据来分析分子的稳定性D. 用原子(或离子)半径数据推断某些原子(或离子)氧化性或还原性强弱参考答案:答案:C3. 下列有关物质性质的叙述正确的是A.粗锌与稀硫酸反应制氢气比纯锌快,是因为粗锌比纯锌还原性强B.SiO2既能溶于NaOH溶液又能溶于HF溶液,说明SiO2是两性氧化物C.乙烯能使溴水、酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色,说明乙烯具有漂白性D.铁钉放在浓硝酸中浸泡后,再用蒸馏水冲洗,然后放入CuSO4溶液中不反应,因为铁钉表面形成了一层致密稳定的氧化膜参考答案:D略4.已知:Fe2O3(s) + C(s) = CO2(g) + 2 Fe(s) ΔΗ=234.1 kJ·mol-1C(s) + O2(g) = CO2(g) ΔΗ=-393.5 kJ·mol-1则2 Fe(s)+ O2(g) = Fe2O3(s) 的ΔΗ是A.-824.4 kJ·mol-1 B.-627.6 kJ·mol-1C.-744.7 kJ·mol-1 D.-169.4 kJ·mol-1参考答案:A解析:(2)=(1)就可得2 Fe(s)+ O2(g) = Fe2O3(s),则ΔΗ=ΔΗ2-ΔΗ1=-824.4 kJ·mol-1。