毒死蜱降解菌的分离鉴定与降解效能测定

第26卷第9期

2006年9月

环　境　科　学　学　报　Acta Scientiae Circu m stantiae

Vol .26,No .9Sep.,2006

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(No .20277001);安徽省优秀青年基金项目(No .04041067)

Supported by the Nati onal Natural Science Foundati on of China (No .20771001)and Excellent Youth Foundati on of Anhui Pr ovince (No .04041067)

作者简介:吴祥为(1978—),男,讲师(硕士),E 2mail:wx wahau@ahau .edu .cn ;3通讯作者(责任作者),E 2mail:ri m aohua@ahau .edu .cn

B i ography:WU Xiang wei (1978—),male,lecturer,E 2mail:wx wahau@ahau .edu .cn;3Correspond i n g author ,E 2mail:ri m aohua@ahau .edu .cn

吴祥为,花日茂,操海群,等.2006.毒死蜱降解菌的分离鉴定与降解效能测定[J ].环境科学学报,26(9):1433-1439

W u X W ,Hua R M ,Cao H Q,et al .2006.Is olati on,identificati on and degradati on 2efficiency measure ment of chl or pyrifos 2degradaing bacteria [J ].Acta Scientiae Circum stantiae,26(9):1433-1439

毒死蜱降解菌的分离鉴定与降解效能测定

吴祥为1

,花日茂

1,3

,操海群1,汤　锋1,李学德1,岳永德

2

1.安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽省“农产品安全”重点实验室,合肥230036

2.国际竹藤网络中心,北京100102

收稿日期:2005208201 修回日期:2006204214 录用日期:2006204229

摘要:取毒死蜱废水处理系统出口处的污泥进行驯化培养,分离出能降解毒死蜱的3株高效降解菌株B 、D 1和D 3,对降解效果最好的D 3菌株经中科院微生物研究所鉴定为玫瑰红红球菌(R hodococcus rhodochrous );3株菌株的生长情况及对毒死蜱的降解动力学研究表明,B 菌株在第3天繁殖增量达到最大,D 1、D 3菌株在第4天繁殖增量达到最大,B 、D 1和D 3菌株的最适宜生长温度都是在30℃;采用10mg ・L -1毒死蜱作为唯一碳源时,B 、D 1和D 3菌株对毒死蜱的降解速率分别为0.0543、0.0479和0.0620h -1;对于浓度为10mg ・L -1的毒死蜱,D 3菌投入的初始菌量

OD 223为0.4是最适宜的;D 3菌对不同初始浓度的毒死蜱降解表明,初始浓度增大,降解速率降低,半衰期延长.

关键词:毒死蜱;分离鉴定;降解;高效液相色谱

文章编号:025322468(2006)0921433207 中图分类号:X172 文献标识码:A

Isol a ti on,i den ti f i ca ti on and degrada ti on 2eff i c i ency m ea surem en t of chlorpyr i fos 2

degrada i n g bacter i a

WU Xiang wei 1

,HUA R i m ao

1,3

,CAO Haiqun 1,T ANG Feng 1,L I Xuede 1,Y UE Yongde

2

1.College of Res ources and Envir onment Anhui Agricultural University,The Key Laborat ory of Anhui Agri 2f ood Safety,Hefei 230036

2.I nternati onal Centre for Ba mboo &Rattan,Beijing 100102

Rece i ved 1August 2005; rece i ved in revised f or m 14Ap ril 2006; accepted 29Ap ril 2006

Abstract:Three bacterial strains that had a capability t o utilize chl or pyrif os as the s ole carbon and energy s ourceswere is olated fr om the sludge .Based on the mor phol ogy and physi o -bi ochem ical p r operties,the strain D 3which had the best degradati on capability t o chl or pyrif os was identified as Rhodococcus

rhodochrous by I nstitute of M icr obi ol ogy Chinese Academy of Sciences .The bi omass got t o the maxi m um when strain B was cultivated f or 3d,however

strains D 3and D 1need 4d .The op ti m al cultivating te mperature of all the strains was 30℃.I n aqueous s oluti on of chl or pyrif os at the concentrati on of 10mg ・L -1,the degradati on rate constants of strains B,D 1and D 3utilizing chl or pyrif os as the s ole carbon s ource were 0.0479,010543and 010620h -1,res pectively .It was op ti m al that the OD 223of strain D 3s oluti on attained 0.4for the degradati on of chl or pyrifos at the concentrati on of 10mg ・L -1.The results als o showed that the degradati on efficiency of the strain D 3t o chl or pyrif os decreased with initial concentrati on of chl or pyrif os increasing .Keywords:chl or pyrif os;is olati on and identificati on;degradati on;HP LC

1　引言(I ntr oducti on )

化学农药主要是人工合成的生物外源化学物质,许多类型通常不易被生物降解,故称之为顽固性化合物(Recalcitrants )(王保军等,1998).大量研究证实微生物对土壤和水环境中的农药降解和污染消除起着重要作用,且已分离到一些能降解或转

化农药的微生物类群.

毒死蜱(chl or pyrifos ),化学名称:O,O —二乙基—O —(3,5,62三氯—22吡啶基)硫逐磷酸酯,是美国陶氏化学公司(Dow Che m ical Co .)于1965年开发并研制出来的一种广谱性有机磷酸酯类杀虫剂,被广泛用于农业和城市卫生害虫的防治(刘乾开,1993;吴慧明等,2003).目前,国内外关于毒死蜱的