轮机英语补充材料翻译

Alternating current generators

交流电发电机

A coil of wire rotating in a magnetic field produces a current.

在一个线圈的电线旋转磁场产生电流。

The current can be brought out to two sliprings(滑环)which are insulated from the shaft.

目前可以拿出两sliprings(滑环)轴隔绝了。

Carbon brushes(碳刷)rest on these rings as they rotate and collect the current for use in an external circuit.

碳刷(碳刷)依靠这些环当其旋转,收集当前用于外部电路。

Current collected in this way will be alternating,that is,changing in direction and rising and falling in value.

目前以这种方式收集将交流,也就是说,改变方向,上升和下降的价值。

T o increase the current produced,additional sets of poles(电极)may be introduced.

增加所产生的电流,另外套杆(电极)可被引入。

The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets(电磁铁)so arranged that adjacent(相邻的)poles have opposite polarity(极性).

磁场是由电磁铁(电磁铁)安排(相邻的)两极附近有相反的极性(极性)。

These…field coils(场线圈、励磁线圈)‟,as they are called,are connected in series to an external source or the machine output.

这些“场线圈(场线圈,励磁线圈)”,就象它们的称呼一样,被连接在一个外部来源或系列机器的输出。

If separate coils or conductors(导线)are used then several outputs can be obtained.

如果单独或导体线圈(导线)是用来后来几个输出可以被获得。

Three outputs are usually arranged with a phase separation of 120°,to produce a three phase supply.

三个输出通常安排一个相分离的120°,产生一种三相供应。

The three phase system is more efficient in that for the same mechanical power a greater total electrical output is obtained.

三个阶段的系统,更有效,为同一机械动力更大的总电力输出表达式。

Each of the three outputs may be used in single phase supplies or in conjunction for a three phase supply.

每一种都有可能被用于输出单相供应或连接三阶段供应。

The separate supplies are connected in either star or delta formation.

分开的供应被连接在要么恒星或三角洲的形成。

The star formation is most commonly used and requires four sliprings on the alternator.

恒星的形成是最常用的四sliprings,需要在交流发电机。

The three conductors are joined at a common slipring and also have their individual slipring.

这三个导体的一个共同的一个连在一起了,也有他们各自的一个。

The central or neutral line(中性线)is common to each phase.

中央或中性线(中性线)是常见的每个阶段。

The delta arrangement has two phases joined at each of the three sliprings on the alternator.

伊洛瓦底三角洲排列两个阶段加入在每一个三sliprings在交流发电机。

A single phase supply can be taken from any two sliprings.

一个单相供应可以拿走任何两个sliprings。

So far,alternator construction has considered the armature(电枢)rotating and the field coils stationary,

到目前为止,交流发电机电枢建设必须考虑(电枢)旋转和现场线圈静止,

the same electricity generating effect is produced if the reverse occurs,that is,the field coils rotate and the armature is stationary.

同样的发电效果产生逆向发生的,也就是说,这是场旋转和电枢线圈静止。

This is in fact the arrangement adopted for large,heavy duty alternators.

这实际上是采用大安排,重型交流发电机。

The field current supply in older machines comes from a low voltage direct current generator or exciter(励磁机)on the same shaft as the alternator.

现场供电在旧机器来自一个低压直流发电机或刺激物(励磁机)在同一轴的交流发电机。

Modern machines however are either statically excited(静态励磁)or of the high speed brushless(无电刷型)type.

然而现代机器不是静态的兴奋(静态励磁)或高速无刷(无电刷型)类型。

The exciter is required to operate to counter(抵消)the effects of power factor(功率因素)for a given load.

励磁装置的操作需要计数器(抵消)功率因数的影响(功率因素)对于一个给定的负荷。

The power factor is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine(余弦)of the phase angle.

功率因数是测量的电压和电流之间相位差余弦值,表示(余弦)的相位。

With a purely resistance load(电阻性负载)the voltage are in phase(同相位),giving a power factor of one.

与纯电阻的电压负荷(电阻性负载)在阶段(同相位),使功率因数之一。

The power consumed is therefore the product of voltage and current.

电力消耗所以产品的电压和电流。

Inductive(电感的)or capacitive(电容的)loads,combined with resistance loads,

感应(电感的)或电容负载(电容的),结合电阻负载,

produce lagging(滞后)or leading(超前)power factors which have a value less than one.

生产(滞后)或领导滞后功率因数(超前)有价值低于1。

The power consumed is the product of current,voltage and power factor.

电力消耗产品的电流、电压、功率因数。

The alternating current generator supplying a load has a voltage drop resulted from the load.

发电机的交流电提供一个电压降负荷造成负荷。

When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable.

当载荷有滞后功率因数这个电压降是相当大的。

Therefore the exciter in maintaining the alternator voltage,must vary with load current and also the power factor.

因此,在维持发电机励磁电压,必须随负荷电流和功率因数。

The speed change of the prime mover must also be taken into account(考虑到).

变速的原动机还必须考虑到(考虑到)。

Hand control of excitation(励磁)is difficult so use is made of an automatic voltage regulator(A VR).

手控制励磁(励磁)是艰难,所以使用了自动电压调节器(A VR)。

The A VR consists basically of a circuit fed from the alternator output voltage which detects small changes in voltage and

A VR的主要的电路由发电机输出电压加载在侦测小变化的电压

and feeds a signal to an amplifier(放大器)which changes the excitation to correct the voltage.

养活一个信号放大器(放大器)从而改变了正确的激励电压。

Stabilizing features are also incorporated in the circuits to avoid…hunting(振荡)‟(constant