材料专业英文词汇

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材料专业英文词汇

材料专业英文词汇

材料专业英文词汇(全)来源:李硕的日志化学元素(elements) 化学元素,简称元素,是化学元素周期表中的基本组成,现有113种元素,其中原子序数从93到113号的元素是人造元素。

物质(matter) 物质是客观实在,且能被人们通过某种方式感知和了解的东西,是元素的载体。

材料(materials) 材料是能为人类经济地、用于制造有用物品的物质。

化学纤维(man-made fiber, chemical fiber) 化学纤维是用天然的或合成的高聚物为原料,主要经过化学方法加工制成的纤维。

可分为再生纤维、合成纤维、醋酯纤维、无机纤维等。

芯片(COMS chip) 芯片是含有一系列电子元件及其连线的小块硅片,主要用于计算机和其他电子设备。

光导纤维(optical waveguide fibre ) 光以波导方式在其中传输的光学介质材料,简称光纤。

激光(laser) ( light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation 简写为:laser ) 激光是利用辐射计发光放大原理而产生的一种单色(单频率)、定向性好、干涉性强、能量密度高的光束。

超导(Superconduct) 物质在某个温度下电阻为零的现象为超导,我们称具有超导性质的材料为超导体。

仿生材料(biomimetic matorials) 仿生材料是模仿生物结构或功能,人为设计和制造的一类材料。

材料科学(materials science) 材料科学是一门科学,它从事于材料本质的发现、分析方面的研究,它的目的在于提供材料结构的统一描绘,或给岀模型,并解释这种结构与材料的性能之间的关系。

材料工程(materials engineering) 材料工程属技术的范畴,目的在于采用经济的、而又能为社会所接受的生产工艺、加工工艺控制材料的结构、性能和形状以达到使用要求。

材料科学与工程(materials science and engineering) 材料科学与工程是研究有关材料的成份、结构和制造工艺与其性能和使用性能间相互关系的知识及这些知识的应用,是一门应用基础科学。

材料成型工艺基础部分(中英文词汇对照)

材料成型工艺基础部分(中英文词汇对照)

材料成型工艺基础部分0 绪论金属材料:metal material (MR)高分子材料:high-molecular material 陶瓷材料:ceramic material复合材料:composition material成形工艺:formation technology1 铸造铸造工艺:casting technique铸件:foundry goods (casting)机器零件:machine part毛坯:blank力学性能:mechanical property砂型铸造:sand casting process型砂:foundry sand1.1 铸件成形理论基础合金:alloy铸造性能:casting property工艺性能:processing property 收缩性:constringency偏析性:aliquation氧化性:oxidizability吸气性:inspiratory铸件结构:casting structure使用性能:service performance浇不足:misrun冷隔:cold shut夹渣:cinder inclusion 粘砂:sand fusion缺陷:flaw, defect, falling流动性:flowing power 铸型:cast (foundry mold) 蓄热系数:thermal storage capacity浇注:pouring凝固:freezing收缩性:constringency逐层凝固:layer-by-layer freezing糊状凝固:mushy freezing结晶:crystal缩孔:shrinkage void缩松:shrinkage porosity顺序凝固:progressive solidification冷铁:iron chill补缩:feeding等温线法:constant temperature line method内接圆法:inscribed circle method铸造应力:casting stress变形:deforming裂纹:crack机械应力:mechanical stress热应力:heat stress相变应力:transformation stress气孔:blow hole 铸铁:ingot铸钢:cast steel非铁合金:nonferrous alloy灰铸铁:gray cast-iorn孕育处理:inoculation 球墨铸铁:spheroidal球化处理:sheroidisation可锻铸铁:ductile cast iron石墨:graphite蠕墨铸铁:vermicular cast iron热处理:heat processing熔炼:fusion metallurgy铜合金:copper alloy氢脆:hydrogen brittleness1.2 铸造方法(casting method)手工造型:hand moulding机器造型:machine moulding金属型:metal mold casting金属模:permanent mould压力铸造:press casting熔模铸造:investment moulding蜡膜:cere离心铸造:centrifugal casting低压铸造:casting under low pressure差压铸造:counter-pressure casting陶瓷型铸造:shaw process 1.3 铸造工艺设计浇注位置:pouring position分型面:mould joint活块:loose piece起模:patter drawing型芯:core型芯撑:chaplet工艺参数:processing parameter下芯:core setting合型:mould assembly冒口:casting head 尺寸公差:dimensional tolerance尺寸公差带:tolerance zone机械加工余量:machining allowance铸孔:core hole非标准:nonstandard label 收缩率:rate of contraction线收缩:linear contraction体收缩:volume contraction起模斜度:pattern draft铸造圆角:curvingof castings芯头:core register芯头间隙:clearance芯座:core print seat 分型线:joint line分模线:die parting line1.4 铸造结构工艺性加强筋:rib reinforcement撒砂:stuccoing内腔:entocoele2 金属塑性加工塑性加工:plastic working塑性:plastic property锻造:forge work冲压:punching轧制:rolling拉拔:drawing挤压:extruding细化晶粒:grain refinement热锻:hit-forging温锻:warm forging 2.1 金属塑性加工理论基础塑性变形:plastic yield加工硬化:work-hardening韧性:ductility回复温度:return temperature再结晶:recrystallize再结晶退火:full annealing冷变形:cold deformation热变性:heat denaturation锻造比:forging ratio镦粗:upset拔长:pull out纤维组织:fibrous tissue 锻造性能:forging property可锻性:forgeability变形抗力:resistance of deformation化学成分:chemical constitution热脆性:hot brittleness 冷脆性:cold-shortness变形速度:deformation velocity应力状态:stress condition变形温度:deformation temperature过热:overheating过烧:burning脱碳:carbon elimination始锻温度:initiation forging temperature终锻温度:final forging temperature2.2 金属塑性加工方法自由锻:flat-die hammer冲孔:jetting弯曲:bend弯曲半径:bending radius切割:cut扭转:twist rotation错移:offsetting锻接:percussion基本工序:basic process辅助工序:auxiliary process精整工序:finishing process模锻:contour forging锻模:forging die 胎膜锻:fetal membrane forging剪床:shearing machine冲床:backing-out punch冲裁:blanking弹性变形:elastic distortion塑性变形:plastic yield剪切变形:shearing deformation最小弯曲半径:minimum bending radius曲率:angularity弯裂:rupture 回弹:rebound辊轧:roll forming辊锻:roll forging斜轧:oblique rolling 横轧:transverse rolling辗压:tamping drum挤压:extruding拉拔:draft2.3 塑性加工工艺设计工艺规程:process specification锻件图:forging drawing敷料:dressing锻件余量:forging allowance锻件公差:forging tolerance 工夹具:clamping apparatus加热设备:firing equipment加热规范:heating schedule冷却规范:cooling schedule后续处理:after treatment分模面:die parting face冲孔连皮:punching the wad模锻斜度:draft angle圆角半径:radius of corner圆饼类锻件:circumcresent cake-like forging长轴类锻件:long axis-like forging2.4 锻件结构工艺性锥体:cone斜面:cant空间曲线:curve in space粗糙度:degree of roughness2.5 冲压件结构工艺性3 焊接焊接:welding铆接:riverting熔焊:fusion welding压焊:press welding 钎焊:braze welding3.1 焊接理论基础冶金:metallurgy电弧焊:arc welding气焊:acetylene welding电渣焊:electro-slag welding高能束焊:high energy welding电子焊:electronic welding激光焊:laser welding等离子焊:plasma welding 电弧:electric arc阳极区:anode region阴极区:negative polarity弧柱区:arc stream正接法:electrode negative method反接法:opposition method脱氧剂:deoxidizing agent焊缝:welded seam 焊缝区:weld zone熔合区:fusion area热影响区:heat-affected zone 脆性断裂:brittle fracture过热区:overheated zone正火区:normalized zone相变区:phase change zone焊接应力:welding stress收缩变形:contraction distortion角变形:angular deformation弯曲变形:bend deformation扭曲变形:warping deformation波浪变形:wave transformation反变形法:reversible deformation method刚性固定法:rigid fixing method预热:warming-up缓冷:slow cool焊后热处理:postweld heat treatment 矫形处理:shape-righting3.2 焊接方法埋弧焊:hidden arc welding气体保护焊:gas shielded arc welding氩弧焊:argon welding熔化极氩弧焊:consumable electrode argon welding钨极氩弧焊:argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳气体保护焊:CO2 gas shielded arc welding碳弧焊:carbon arc welding碳弧气刨:carbon arc air gouging电渣焊:electro-slag welding 高能焊:high grade energy welding等离子弧切割:plasma arc cutting (PAC)堆焊:bead weld电阻焊:resistance welding电焊:electric welding缝焊:seam welding压焊:press welding多点凸焊:multiple projection welding对焊:welding neck摩擦焊:friction welding扩散焊:diffusion welding硬钎料:brazing alloy软钎料:soft solder3.3 常用金属材料的焊接焊接性:weldability焊接方法:welding method焊接材料:welding material焊条:electrode焊剂:flux material碳素钢:carbon steel低碳钢:low carbon steel中碳钢:medium carbon steel高碳钢:high carbon steel低合金钢:lean alloy steel不锈钢:non-corrosive steel有色金属:nonferrous metal3.4 焊接工艺设计型材:sectional bar药皮:coating焊丝:soldering wire连续焊缝:continuous weld断续焊缝:intermittent weld应力集中:stress concentration焊接接头:soldered joint坡口:groove对接:abutting joint搭接:lap joint角接:corner joint 4 粉末冶金(power metallurgy)粉末冶金成品:finished power metallurgical product铁氧体:ferrite硬质合金:sintered-carbide高熔点金属:high-melting metal陶瓷:ceramic4.1 粉末冶金工艺理论基础压坯:pressed compact扩散:diffusion烧结:agglomeration固溶:solid solubility化合:combination4.2 粉末冶金的工艺流程制备:preparation预处理:anticipation还原法:reduction method电解法:electrolytic method雾化法:atomization松装密度:loose density 流动性:flowing power压缩性:compressibility筛分:screen separation 混合:compounding制粒:pelletization过烧:superburning欠烧:underburnt5 金属复合成型技术自蔓延焊接:SHS welding热等静压:HIP准热等静压:PHIP5.1 液态成型技术与固态成型技术的复合高压铸造:high-pressure casting电磁泵:magnetic-pump压射成型:injection molding柱塞:plunger piston冲头:drift pin凝固法:freezing method挤压法:extrusion method转向节:knuckle pivot制动器:arresting gear5.2 金属半凝固、半熔融成型技术凝固:freezing半熔融:semi-vitreous触变铸造:thixotropy casting触变锻造:thixotropy forging注射成型:injection molding5.3 其他金属成型新技术快速凝固:flash set非晶态:amorphous溢流法:press over system喷射沉积:ejecting deposit爆炸复合法:explosion cladding method扩散焊接:diffusion welding挤压:extruding轧制:roll down6 非金属材料成型技术6.1 高分子材料成型技术高分子材料:non-metal material耐腐蚀:resistant material绝缘:insulation老化:ageing耐热性:heat-durability粘弹性:viscoelasticity塑料:plastic material橡胶:rubber合成纤维:synthetic fibre涂料:covering material粘结剂:agglomerant 粘度:viscosity热塑性塑料:thermoplastic plastics热固性塑料:thermosetting plastic通用塑料:general-purpose plastics 工程塑料:engineering plastic薄膜:thin film增强塑料:reinforced plastics浇注塑料:pouring plastics注射塑料:injiection plastics挤出塑料:extrusion plastics吹塑塑料:blowing plastics模压塑料:die pressing plastics聚合物:ploymer semiconductor吸湿性:hygroscopic cargo定向作用:directional action生胶:green glue stock填料:carrier丁苯橡胶:SBR顺丁橡胶:BR 氯丁橡胶:CR丁腈橡胶:NBR硅橡胶:Q聚氨酯橡胶:U压延:calender硫化:sulfuration胶粘剂:adhesive胶接:glue joint刹车片:brake block零件修复:parts renewal蜂窝夹层:honeycomb core material6.2 工业陶瓷制品的成型技术干燥:drying坯料:blank润滑剂:anti-friction结合剂:binder热压铸:hot injiection moulding6.3 非金属材料成型技术的新进展热压烧结:hot pressed sintering7 复合材料的成型技术复合材料:composite material树脂:resin7.1 金属复合材料的成型技术硼纤维:boron fiber钛合金:titanium alloy碳纤维:carbon filter等离子喷涂:plasma spraying浸渍法:immersion method锭坯:ingot blank7.2 聚合物基复合材料的成型技术晶须:whisker缠绕成形:enwind forming湿法缠绕:wet method enwind 7.3 陶瓷复合材料成型技术料浆:slurry溶胶-凝胶法:sol-gel method化学气相沉积:chemical vapor deposition (CVD)原位:in situ8 材料成型方法的选择粉末冶金:powder metallurgy工程塑料:engineering plastics工程陶瓷:engineering ceramics。

(完整word版)常见材料学专业名词中英文对译

(完整word版)常见材料学专业名词中英文对译

目录英文缩写词钢号中所采用的缩写字母及其涵义常见材料学专业名词中英文对译对文中使用的英文缩写词说明如下:缩写英文原文中文翻译CQ Commercial Quality 普通级DQ Drawing Quality 冲压级DDQ Deep Drawing Quality 深冲级EDDQ Extra Deep Drawing Quality 超深冲级CSP Compact Srip Production 紧凑式带钢生产IF Interstitial Free (Steel) 无间隙原子(钢)LC Low Carbon 低碳(钢)DSA Dynamic Strain Aging 动态应变老化MFS Mean Flow Stress 平均流动应力YS Yield Stress 屈服应力DRC Dynamic Recovery 动态回复DRX Dynamic Recrystallization 动态再结晶SRX Static Recrystallization 静态再结晶SRC Static Recovery 静态回复Ti-IF Ti Interstitial Free (Steel) 含钛无间隙原子(钢)Ti—Nb IF Ti-Nb Interstitial Free (Steel)含钛铌无间隙原子(钢) ULC Ultra Low Carbon(Steel) 超低碳钢DSP Direct Strip Production 带钢直接生产FTSR Flexible Thin Slab Rolling 灵活性薄板坯轧制C。

C。

T Continuous Cooling Transformation 过冷奥氏体连续转变曲线T.T。

T Time Temperature Transformation 过冷奥氏体等温转变曲线SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Science 社会科学统计软件包钢号中所采用的缩写字母及其涵义常见材料学专业名词中英文对译物料科学Material Science物料科学定义Material Science Definition加工性能Machinability强度Strength(完整word版)常见材料学专业名词中英文对译抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion & resistance durability金属特性Special metallic features抗敏感及环境保护Allergic, re—cycling & environmental protection化学元素Chemical element元素的原子序数Atom of Elements原子及固体物质Atom and solid material原子的组成、大小、体积和单位图表The size, mass, charge of an atom, and is particles (Pronton,Nentron and Electron)原子的组织图Atom Constitutes周期表Periodic Table原子键结Atom Bonding金属与合金 Metal and Alloy铁及非铁金属Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal金属的特性Features of Metal晶体结构 Crystal Pattern晶体结构,定向格子及单位晶格Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cellX线结晶分析法X – ray crystal analyics method金属结晶格子 Metal space lattice格子常数 Lattice constant米勒指数Mill’s Index金相及相律 Metal Phase and Phase Rule固熔体 Solid solution置换型固熔体 Substitutional type solid solution插入型固熔体 Interstital solid solution金属间化物 Intermetallic compound金属变态TransformationTransformation Point磁性变态Magnetic Transformation同素变态Allotropic Transformation合金平衡状态Thermal Equilibrium相律Phase Rule自由度Degree of freedom临界温度Critical temperture共晶Eutectic包晶温度 Peritectic Temperature包晶反应 Peritectic Reaction包晶合金 Peritectic Alloy亚共晶体 Hypoeutetic Alloy过共晶体 Hyper-ectectic Alloy金属的相融、相融温度、晶体反应及合金在共晶合金、固熔孻共晶合金及偏晶反应的比较Equilibrium Comparision金属塑性 Plastic Deformation滑动面 Slip Plan畸变 Distortion硬化 Work Hardening退火 Annealing回复柔软 Crystal Recovery再结晶 Recrystallization金属材料的性能及试验Properties & testing of metal化学性能Chemical Properties物理性能Physical Properties颜色磁性Magnetisum比电阻Specific resistivity & specific resistance比重Specific gravity & specific density比热Specific Heat热膨胀系数Coefficient of thermal expansion导热度Heat conductivity机械性能 Mechanical properties屈服强度(降伏强度) (Yield strangth)弹性限度、阳氏弹性系数及屈服点elastic limit, Yeung's module of elasticity to yield point 伸长度Elongation断面缩率Reduction of area金属材料的试验方法The Method of Metal inspection不破坏检验Non – destructive inspections渗透探伤法Penetrate inspection磁粉探伤法Magnetic particle inspection放射线探伤法Radiographic inspection超声波探伤法Ultrasonic inspection显微观察法Microscopic inspection破坏的检验Destructive Inspection冲击测试Impact Test疲劳测试Fatigue Test潜变测试 Creep Test潜变强度Creeps Strength第壹潜变期Primary Creep第二潜变期Secondary Creep第三潜变期Tertiary Creep主要金属元素之物理性质Physical properties of major Metal Elements工业标准及规格–铁及非铁金属Industrial Standard – Ferrous & Non – ferrous Metal磁力 Magnetic简介 General软磁 Soft Magnetic硬磁 Hard Magnetic磁场 Magnetic Field磁性感应 Magnetic Induction透磁度 Magnetic Permeability磁化率 Magnetic Susceptibility (Xm)磁力(Magnetic Force)及磁场(Magnetic Field)是因物料里的电子(Electron)活动而产生抗磁体、顺磁体、铁磁体、反铁磁体及亚铁磁体Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetism,Antiferromagnetism & Ferrimagnetism 抗磁体 Diamagnetism磁偶极子 Dipole负磁力效应 Negative effect顺磁体 Paramagnetic正磁化率 Positive magnetic susceptibility铁磁体 Ferromagnetism转变元素 Transition element交换能量 Positive energy exchange外价电子 Outer valence electrons化学结合 Chemical bond自发上磁 Spontaneous magnetization磁畴 Magnetic domain相反旋转 Opposite span比较抗磁体、顺磁体及铁磁体Comparison of Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic & Ferromagnetism反铁磁体 Antiferromagnetism亚铁磁体 Ferrimagnetism磁矩 magnetic moment净磁矩 Net magnetic moment钢铁的主要成份The major element of steel钢铁用”碳"之含量来分类Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents 铁相Steel Phases钢铁的名称Name of steel纯铁体Ferrite渗碳体Cementitle奥氏体 Austenite珠光体及共释钢Pearlite &Eutectoid奥氏体碳钢Austenite Carbon Steel单相金属Single Phase Metal共释变态Eutectoid Transformation珠光体 Pearlite亚铁释体Hyppo-Eutectoid初释纯铁体 Pro-entectoid ferrite过共释钢 Hype-eutectoid珠光体Pearlite粗珠光体 Coarse pearlite中珠光体 Medium pearlite幼珠光体 Fine pearlite磁性变态点 Magnetic Transformation钢铁的制造Manufacturing of Steel连续铸造法 Continuous casting process电炉 Electric furnace均热炉 Soaking pit全静钢 Killed steel半静钢 Semi—killed steel沸腾钢(未净钢) Rimmed steel钢铁生产流程 Steel Production Flow Chart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel 熔铸 Casting锻造 Fogging挤压 Extrusion延轧 Rolling冲剪 Drawing & stamping特殊钢 Special Steel简介General特殊钢以原素分类Classification of Special Steel according to Element特殊钢以用途来分类Classification of Special Steel according to End Usage易车(快削)不锈钢Free Cutting Stainless Steel含铅易车钢Leaded Free Cutting Steel含硫易车钢Sulphuric Free Cutting Steel硬化性能Hardenability钢的脆性Brittleness of Steel低温脆性 Cold brittleness回火脆性 Temper brittleness日工标准下的特殊钢材Specail Steel according to JIS Standard铬钢–日工标准 JIS G4104Chrome steel to JIS G4104铬钼钢钢材–日工标准 G4105 62Chrome Molybdenum steel to JIS G4105镍铬–日工标准 G4102 63Chrome Nickel steel to JIS G4102镍铬钼钢–日工标准 G4103 64Nickel, Chrome & Molybdenum Steel to JIS G4103高锰钢铸–日工标准High manganese steel to JIS standard片及板材Chapter Four-Strip, Steel & Plate冷辘低碳钢片(双单光片)(日工标准 JIS G3141) 73 — 95Cold Rolled (Low carbon) Steel Strip (to JIS G 3141)简介General美材试标准的冷辘低碳钢片Cold Rolled Steel Strip American Standard –American Society for testing and materials (ASTM)日工标准JIS G3141冷辘低碳钢片(双单光片)的编号浅释Decoding of cold rolled(Low carbon)steel strip JIS G3141材料的加工性能 Drawing abillity硬度 Hardness表面处理 Surface finish冷辘钢捆片及张片制作流程图表Production flow chart cold rolled steel coil sheet冷辘钢捆片及张片的电镀和印刷方法Cold rolled steel coil & sheet electro—plating & painting method冷辘(低碳)钢片的分类用、途、工业标准、品质、加热状态及硬度表End usages, industrial standard, quality, condition and hardness of cold rolled steel strip硬度及拉力 Hardness & Tensile strength test拉伸测试(顺纹测试)Elongation test杯突测试(厚度: 0。

新材料词汇中英对照

新材料词汇中英对照

·中英文新材料词汇白刚玉微粉white fused alumina powder白色光固化字符印料light solidified white symbol ink半导体超晶格材料semiconductor super lattic materials保偏光纤polarization maintaining fiber钡铁氧体磁粉Ba-ferrite powder标准单模光纤standard single mode fiber; G.625 fiber表面保护压敏粘胶带surface protect pressure sensitive adhesive tape表面组装用胶粘剂surface mounting adhesives冰醋酸acatic acid glacial丙酮acetone波峰焊剂soldering flux of wave crest玻璃纤维增强环氧膜塑料glass fiber reinforced epoxy molding薄钢带thin steel strip薄膜磁头及磁芯材料thin film magnetic heads and their cores彩色液晶colour liquid crystals蚕丝筛网natural silk bolting cloth插件胶adhesive for inserting electronic掺铥钇铝石榴石激光晶体Tm-doped YAG crystal掺铒磷酸盐激光玻璃erbium-doped phosphate glass掺铒钇铝石榴石激光晶体Er-doped YAG laser crystal掺铬氟铝锶锂氟铝钙锂可协调激光晶体/Cr-doped LiSrAlF6/LiCaAlF6 tunable laser crystal掺铬镁橄榄石晶体Cr-doped forsterite crystal掺钬、铥、铬钇铝石榴石激光晶体Ho,Tm,Cr-doped YAG laser crystal掺钬、铒、铥氟化钇锂激光晶体Ho,Er,Tm-doped YLF laser ctystal掺钕、铈、铬钇铝石榴石激光晶体Nd,Ce,Cr-doped YAG laser掺钕、铈、铽钇铝石榴石激光晶体Nd,Ce,Tb-doped YAG laser crystal掺钕掺四价铬钇铝石榴石晶体Nd, Cr-doped YAG crystal掺钕掺氧化镁铌酸锂晶体neodymium and magnesium oxide掺钕钒酸激光晶体Nd-doped YVO4 laser crystal掺钕氟化钇锂激光晶体Nd-doped YLF laser crystal掺钕铝酸钇激光晶体Nd-doped YAP laser ctystal掺钕钇铝石榴石激光晶体Nd-doped YAG laser crystal掺铈的硅酸钆闪烁晶体cerium activated scintillater掺四价铬钇铝石榴石激光晶体Cr4+-doped YAG crystal掺铁铌酸锂晶体iron dopen lithium niobate ctystal掺氧化镁铌酸锂晶体magnesium oxide doped lithium niobate crystal掺氧化锌铌酸锂晶体zinc oxide doped lithium niobate crystal掺镱钇铝石榴石激光晶体Yb- YAG laser crystal超长铜芯聚酯带super-long copper core polyester tape超细钯粉ultrafine palladium powder超细玻璃粉palladium powder超细箔粉ultrafine platinum powder超细二氧化钌粉ultrafine ruthenium oxide powder超细金粉ultrafine gold powder超细镍粉ultrafine nickel powder超细铜粉ultrafine copper powder超细银钯合金粉ultrafine silver-palladium powder超细银铋合金粉ultrafine silver-bismuth powder超细银粉ultrafine silver powder传输光纤transmission fiber纯六氟化钼pure molybdenum hexafluoride纯氖pure neon纯一氧化氮pure nitric oxide瓷基有机覆铜板ceramic organic base copper clad laminate磁粉magnetic powder磁温度补偿合金magnetic temperature compensate alloy磁性液体magnetic fluid氮化镓外延材料gallium nitride epitaxial materials导电布conduction cloth导电聚苯乙烯塑料conductive high impact polustylene导电聚丙烯condutive polypropylene导电聚乙烯condutive poliethylene灯用三基色荧光粉the phosphor of rare-earth低固免清洗助焊剂soldering flux of low solid and free cleaning低温封接玻璃粉low-meiting sealing frils低温合金钎料solders of low melting point alloys涤纶薄膜电容器内包封料inside encapsulate compound for terylene film condenser涤纶薄膜电容器外包封料outside encapsulate compound for terylene film condenser涤纶丝筛网terylene fibre bolting cloth碲镉汞晶体mercury cadmium telluride(MCT) ctystal碲化铅单晶lead telluride碲锌镉衬底材料cadmium zinc tellutide substrate material电弧石英玻璃坩埚arc quartz glass crucibles电压穿透式多色荧光粉voltage penetration multicolor phosphor电子灌封料electronic potting resin电子级八氟丙烷octafluoropropane, electronic grade; perfluoropropane, electronic grade; halocarbon 218, electronic grade电子级二氯二氢硅dichlororosilane eiectronic grade电子束负性抗蚀剂electron-beam negative photoresist电子束正性抗蚀剂electron-beam positive photoresist电子元件固定密封胶sealant for set electronic companents电子专用热粘胶带hot melt masking tape丁酮butanone杜美丝dumet wire镀锡铜包钢线copper-tinlead wire; CP wire二甲苯xylene二氯甲烷dichloromethane二氧化碲单晶tellurium dioxide single crystal二氧化硅silicon dioxide二氧化硫sulohur dioxide发泡镍合金丝bubbing nickel alloy wire钒酸钇单晶yttrium vanadate single crystal防氧化焊锡条oxidation preventive tin solder wires防氧化特种焊条special solder for oxidation resistance防氧化助焊剂antioxidizing solding aid仿金刚石晶体膜diamond like coatings, DLC非晶磁头材料amorphous magnetic head materials非晶硅薄膜amorphous silicon film非晶态磁光薄膜amorphous magneto-optical thin films非晶态磁头薄膜amorphous magneto-optical thin films非晶态磁头材料amorphous magnetic alloys for magnetic head非晶态软磁合金amorphous soft magnetic alloys非零色散位移单模光纤non-zero dispersion shifted dingle mode fiber; G.655fiber非蒸散型吸气剂non-evaporable getter氟化铵溶液ammonium fluoride solution氟化钡barium fluoride氟化钙celeium fluoride氟化镁magnesium fluoride氟化镁magnesium fluoride氟化镁钾:锰potassium Magnesium fluoride activated by managanese氟化铅lead fluorede氟锗酸镁:锰magnesium fluorogermanate activated by manganese负胶漂洗液wash liquid for negative resist负胶显影液developer for negative photoresist负温度系数热敏电阻陶瓷negative temperature constant thermosensitive ceramics ; NTC thermosensitive ceramics覆不锈钢箔层压板stainlass steel clad laminate覆超厚铜箔层压板super-thick copper clad laminate覆电阻箔层压板resistance foil clad laminate覆铝箔层压板aluminum clad laminate覆镍铜带capper strip coated with nickel覆铍青铜箔层压板copper containing beryllium clad laminate覆铜箔、铝箔层压板aluminum foil copper clad laminate覆铜箔酚醛纸层压板phenolic cellulose paper copper clad laminate覆铜箔复合基层压板composite copper clad laminate覆铜箔改性聚苯醚玻璃布层压板modified polyhenylene oxide resin woven glass fabric copper clad laminate覆铜箔环氧玻璃布层压板epoxide woven glass fabric copper clad laminate覆铜箔环氧纸层压板epoxide cellulose paper copper clad laminate覆铜箔聚四氟乙烯玻璃布层压板PTEE woven glass fabric copper clad laminate覆铜箔聚酰亚胺玻璃布层压板polyimide resin woven glass fabric copper clad laminate覆铜箔聚酰亚胺芳纶布基层压板polyimide resin woven aromatic polyamide fibre clad laminate覆锡铈合金铜质带材copper strip coated with tin-cerium alloy高饱和磁感应强度铁氧体high Bs ferrite高纯氨high purity ammonia高纯氮high purity nitrogen高纯二甲基镉high purity dimethylcadmium高纯二氧化碳high purity carbon dioxide高纯二乙基碲high purity diethyltellurium高纯二乙基锌high purity diethylzinc高纯氟化氢hydrogen fluoride高纯硅烷high purity silicane高纯氦high purity helium高纯甲烷high purity methane高纯氪high purity kryton高纯磷烷high purity phosphine高纯硫化氢high purity hydrogen sulfide高纯六氟化硫high purity sulphur hexafluoride高纯六氟化钨high purity tungsten hexafluoride高纯六氟乙烷high purity hexafluroethane高纯铝带、箔strip &foil of high-purity aluminium 高纯铝线high-purity aluminium wire高纯氯high purity chlorine高纯氯化氢high purity hydrogen chloride高纯氢high purity hydrogen高纯三氟化氮high purity nitrogen trifluoride高纯三氟化磷high purity phosphorus trifluoride高纯三氟化硼high purity boron trifluoride高纯三氟化砷high purity arsenic trifluoride高纯三氟甲烷trifluoromethane高纯三甲基镓high purity trimethylgallium高纯三甲基铝high purity trimethylaluminum高纯三甲基锑high purity trimethylstibine高纯三甲基铟high purity trimethylinduum高纯三氯化硼high purity trichloride高纯三氯氢硅trichlorosilane高纯三乙基铝high purity triethyl aluminum高纯疝high purity xenon高纯砷烷high purity arsine高纯四氟化硅high purity silicon tetrafluoide高纯四氟化钛high purity titanium tetrafluoride高纯四氟化碳silicon tetrachloride高纯四氯化硅silicon tetrachloride高纯四氯化硅Ⅳsuper-purity silicon tetrachlonide ; tetrachlorosilane; silicon( ) chloride高纯溴化氢high purity hydrogan bromide高纯氩high purity argon高纯氧high purity oxygen高纯氧化亚氮high purity nitrous oxide高纯一氧化碳high purity carbon monoxide高纯乙硅烷high purity disilane高纯乙硼烷high purity diborane高功率低温度系数石榴石材料系列/high power and low temperature coefficient garnet material series高介电常数覆铜板high dielectric constant copper clad laminate高频镍锌铁氧体high frequency NiZn ferrite高强度铝焊丝high strength aluminium brazing wire高性能多用焊锡丝universal tin solder wire with high preformance锆钛酸铅镧电光陶瓷lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) electrooptical ceramics锆钛酸铅热释电陶瓷lead zirconate titanate (PZT) pyroelectric ceramics锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷lead titanate-zirconate piezoslsctric ceramic工业纯铁industrial pure iron光固化助焊剂(单组分)light solidified antiwelding agent (single components)光固化助焊剂(双组分)light solidified antiwelding agent (two components)光敏胶photosensitive光纤硅涂料silicone coating materials for optical fiber光学级晶体铌酸锂晶体optic lithium niobate crystal光学级坦酸锂晶体optic lithium niobate crystal光学石英玻璃optical quartz glass; optical quartz sheep硅单晶monocrystalline silicon硅单晶抛光片monocrystalline silicon polished wafer硅多晶policrystalline silicon硅铝合金带、箔aluminium-silicon alloy strip & fuil硅酸铋单晶bismuth silicate single crystal; BSO; bismuth silicon oxide硅酸钙:铅、锰calcium silicate activated by lead and manganese硅酸镓镧lanthanum gallium silicate single硅酸锌:锰zinc orthosilicate activated by manganese硅外延材料silicon epitaxy material硅微粉silica micropowder过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide焊料防氧化油oxidation-resistant oil for solder焊锡膏solder pastes合成石英玻璃synthetic quartz黑碳化硅涂附磨具专用微粉specid black silicon cabide powder for coated abrasive products红宝石激光晶体ruby laser crystal红色荧光粉硫氧化钇:铕(Ⅲ)-red phosphor for color TV-pigmented yttrium oxysulfide : europium phosphor红色荧光粉硫氧化钇:铕(Ⅲ)-red phosphor for color display tube-pigmented yttrium oxysulfide: europium红色荧光粉硼酸钇钆:铕(Ⅲ)-red phosphor for plasma display panel-yttrium-gadolinium borate activated by europium厚膜导体浆料thick film conductor pastes厚膜电阻浆料thick film resistance pastes厚膜介质浆料thick film dielectric paste滑石陶瓷steatite ceramics环保型阻燃环氧灌封料flame retardant and harmless to environment type of epoxy potting compound环化聚异戊二烯橡胶负性光刻胶cyclized polyisoprene rubber negative photoresist; ultraviolet negative photoresist环己烷cyclohexane环氧密封胶(单祖分)one component epoxy sealant环氧膜塑料-[1]epoxy molding compound环氧膜塑料-[2]epoxy molding compound环氧树脂diglycidyl 4,5-epoxy-tetrahydrophthalic ester环氧树脂浇铸料(光电产品用)epoxy resin casting compound (for photoelectric devices)活化剂activator活性焊剂active solder活性焊锡丝active solder wire活性松香焊锡丝activated rosin cored tin solder wire加成型硅橡胶ARCsilicone rubber ARC (additive type )加成型液体硅橡胶(单组分)additional liquid silicone rubber (one component)加速剂accelerator甲苯toluene甲醇methanol尖晶石spinel; magnesium aluminate碱性清洗液alkaline cleaner碱性蚀刻剂alkaline etchant键垫用导电硅橡胶混炼胶electically conductive silicone rubber cornpounds for key pad键合硅铝丝aluminium-silicon bonding wire键合金丝gold bonding wire胶粘剂adhesive焦磷酸锶:铕strontium pyrophosphate activated by europium结晶型低温封接玻璃粉devitrifiable low-meiting sealing frits介质陶瓷材料dielectric ceramic materials金箔gold foil金红石瓷rutile porcelain , rutile ceramics金属薄膜metal thin films金属磁粉metal magnetic powder金属基(芯)覆铜箔板metal base(core) copper clad laminate金属丝筛网metal wire bolting cloth浸涂防粘隔离剂antisticking agent晶体清洗剂crystal cleaning agent晶体粘合剂crystal adhesise局部镀银铜带capper strip coated with argentum in part聚氨酯封装料urethane potting resin聚氨酯无蜡抛光软垫polyurethane waxless polishing pad; waxless polishing pad聚酰亚胺涂层胶polyimide coatings聚乙烯醇肉桂酸酯光刻胶polyvinyl cinnamate photoresist ;1# photoresist聚脂胶粘带polyester film tape聚酯型光刻胶polyester photoresist康铜极薄带材constantan foil可伐合金kover宽频带镍铜锌系铁氧体broad band NiCuZn series ferrite蓝色荧光粉硫化锌:银-blue Phosphor For Color TV Tube-Pigmented Zinc sulfide activated by silver蓝色荧光粉硫化锌:银、铝-blue phosphor for color display tube-zinc sulfide activated by silver and aluminum蓝色荧光粉铝酸钡锶:铕(Ⅱ)Ⅱ-blue phosphor for plasma display panel-barium magnesium aluminate activated by europium()镧锆钛酸铅陶瓷lead lanthanum titanate (PLZT) ceramics锂铁氧体材料系列Li ferrite material series磷化镓单晶gallium phosphide monocrystal磷化铟单晶indium phosphide monocrustal磷化铟外延材料indium phosphide epitaxy materials磷酸phosphoric acid磷酸镓单晶gallium phosphate single crystal; gallium orthophosphate磷酸锌锶:锡、zincstrontium phosphate activated by tin磷酸氧钛钾晶体potassium titanyl phosphate crystal; KTP crystal零色散位移单模光纤zero dispersion shifted single mode fiber; G.653fiber硫化锌:铜zinc sulfide activated by copper硫化锌:铜、氯Zinc sulfide activated by copper and chlorine硫化锌:银zinc sulfide activated by silver硫化锌镉:铜zinc cadmium sulfide activated by cooper硫酸sulphuric acid硫酸钇:铈Ⅲyttrium silicate activated by cerium()六方硫化锌:银hex Zinc sulfide activated by silver六方铝酸镁镧钕晶体lanthanum magnesium hexaaluminate卤磷酸钙:锑锰.calcium halophosphate activated by antimony and manganese滤色膜用彩色树脂浆colour polymer for manufacture of color filter铝硅铁粉芯AlSiFe magnetic core铝镍钴永磁permanent magnet AINiCo铝镍钴永磁体AlNiCo permanent magnet铝镍永磁体AlNi permanent magnet铝酸镧单晶lanthanum aluminate single crystal铝酸镁单晶magnesium aluminate single crystal绿色荧光粉green phosphor for plasma display panel绿色荧光粉硫氧化锌:铜、铝-green phosphor for color TV tube-zinc sulfide activated by copper and aluminum绿色荧光粉硫氧化锌:铜、铝-green phosphor for color display tube-zinc sulfide activated by copper and aluminum绿碳化硅微粉green silicon carbide powder镁橄榄石瓷forsterite porcelain镁锌铁氧体MgZn ferrite锰白铜丝constantan wire锰锌铁氧体Mn-Zn ferrite锰锌系铁氧体材料高磁导率锰锌铁氧体μhigh i MnZn ferrite弥散强化无氧铜dispersion strengthened copper oxygen免清洗波峰焊剂free cleaning soldering flux of wave crest免清洗焊锡丝no clean solder wire免清洗助焊剂free-clean soldering flux抹音磁头环氧灌封料potting material for sound removing magnetic head of recoder ; ZM potting material钼板molybdenum sheet钼箔molybdenum foil钼封接玻璃粉molybdenum sealing glass powder钼丝molybdenum wire钼酸铅单晶lead molybdate single crystal钼钨合金丝molybdenum-tungsten alloy wire内导电石墨乳outside electric conduction graphite latices耐高温胶粘剂adhesive with high temperature resistance耐热型纸基压敏胶粘带high temperature resistance creped masking tape挠性覆铜箔材料flexible copper clad material铌酸钾晶体potassium niobate crystal; KN crystal铌酸锂单晶lithum niobate single crystal; LN铌酸锂开关Qlithium niobate Q-switch镍板nickel sheets镍带nickel strips镍合金丝nickle alloy wire镍及镍合金带nickel and nickel alloy strip镍及镍合金管nickel and nickel alloy tube镍及镍合金丝nickel and nickel alloy wire镍铁氧体材料系列Ni ferrite material series镍铁氧体高功率材料系列Ni ferrite high power material series镍铜合金nickel-copper alloy镍线nickel wire镍锌铁氧体Ni-Zn ferrite镍锌系铁氧体材料抗电磁干扰用镍铜锌系铁氧体anti-EMI NiCuZn series ferrite钕铁硼永磁NbFeB permanent magnets钕铁硼永磁粉NdFeB permanet magnetic powder钕铁硼永磁体(烧结)NdFeB magnets(sintered)喷金丝、条metal coated solders Pl38喷涂纯锌丝pure zinc wires for spraying coating硼酸镉:锰cadmium borate activated by manganese硼酸铯锂晶体cesium lithium borate crystal; CLBO crystal铍青铜箔材beryllum bronze foil铍酸镧激光晶体lanthanum beryllate laser crystal其他锰锌铁氧体other MnZn ferrite气炼石英玻璃blouing & melting quartz气炼透明石英玻璃管gas semltime quartz glass tubs气相沉积氮化硼陶瓷CVD boron nitride ceramics; PBN ceramics氢氟酸hydrofluoric acid氢氧化铵ammonium hydroxide热风整平助熔剂flux for hot air plating人造石英晶体αsynthetic quartz crystal; -SiO2软铅焊料solder三氯甲烷chloroform三氯乙烯trichloroethylene三硼酸锂晶体lithium triborate crystal; LBO crystal三元系压电陶瓷材料ternary system piezoelectric ceramic钐钴永磁粉SmCo permanet magnetic powder钐钴永磁体(烧结)SmComagnets(sintered)闪烁锗酸铋单晶scintillation bismuth germinate single crystal烧结永磁铁氧体材料sintered permanent magnet materials砷化镓单晶gallium arsenide monocrystal砷化镓外延材料gallium arsenide epitaxy material砷酸镁:锰magnesium arsenate activated by manganese石英玻璃quartz glass石英梯度型多模光纤quartz gradient type multimode fiber室温固化环氧灌封料RTV expoxy resin compound室温硫化灌封硅橡胶(双组分)RTV-2 potting and encapsulating silicone rubber室温硫化硅橡胶(单包装)RTV silicone rubber (one package)室温硫化硅橡胶(单组分)one-component RTV silicone rubber ; RTV silicone adhesives/sealants室温硫化硅橡胶(双组分)RTV silicone rubber (two components)释汞吸气剂getter mercury dispenser树脂芯焊锡丝rosin cored tin solder wires数据石英光纤data quartz fiber双向拉伸聚丙烯薄膜biaxially oriented polypropylene film水溶性光刻胶water soluble photoresist水溶性光致变色抗蚀干膜water soluble photochromatism dry photoresist水溶性焊剂water flux水溶性助焊剂water soluble soldering flux; water cleaning soldering flux丝网感光胶silk screen photosensitive emulsion丝印塑料油墨ink for plastics silk screen printing四硼酸锂单晶lithium tetraborate single ctystal; LBO塑料光纤plastic fiber酸性清洗剂acid cleaner钛宝石激光晶体Ti-doped saphire钛箔titanium foil钛酸钡热敏电阻陶瓷barium titanate thermosensitive ceramics钛酸钡铁电陶瓷barium titanate ferroelectric ceramics钛酸铅压电陶瓷lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics钽酸锂单晶lithum tantalite single crystal;LT碳化硅外延材料silicon carbide epitaxial materials碳基铁粉芯Fe-C magnetic core碳酸盐carbonate搪锡助焊剂tin coating solding aid陶瓷基无机覆铜板陶瓷基无机覆铜板ceramic inorganic base copper clad laminate特高频软磁铁氧体VHF soft magnetic ferrite特种切削液special cutting fluids锑化镓单晶gallium antimonide monocrystal锑化铟晶体indium antimonide crystal锑锰锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷lead antimony manganese zirconia titanate(SM-PZT) piezoelectric ceramics铁封接玻璃粉iron sealing glass powder铁钴钒软磁材料FeCoV soft magnetic material铁镍合金Fe-Ni alloy; permalloy铁镍钼粉芯FeNiCo magnetic core铁镍软磁合金FeNi soft magnetic alloy铁氧体永磁permanent ferrite materials通用石榴石材料系列general garnet material series铜基覆铜箔板copper base copper clad laminate铜离子抑制剂copper ion inhibitor透明石英玻璃仪器及器皿transparent quartz glass instruments and wares脱胶液electro-conductive adhesives remover外导电石墨乳outside electric conduction graphite latices微波高值铁氧体谐振子系列Qmicroweve high-Q ferrite resonator series钨粉tungsten钨铼合金丝tungsten-rhenium alloy wire钨铈电极W-Ce electrode钨丝tungsten wire钨酸钙:铅calcium tungstate activated by lead无磁不锈钢non-magnetic stainless steel无电镀铜液electroless copper plating liquid无高效清洗剂ODShigh performance cleaning agents containing no ODS无水乙醇ethanol absolute无氧铜oxygen-free copper; high-conductivity copper; OFHC稀土钴永磁rare earth cobalt permanent magnets锡化丝印干膜dry photoresist for silk screen printing锡锑银镍封装焊料tin-antimony-silver-nickel solder for hermetical sealing锡渣还原剂solder oxide reducing reagent硝酸nitric acid形状记忆合金shape memory alloy; memory alloy研磨切割油polishing & cutting oil; PC oil盐酸hydrochloric acid厌氧胶anaerbic adhesive氧化镝dysprosium oxide氧化铥thulium oxide氧化铒erbium oxide氧化钆gadolinium oxide氧化锆zirconium oxide氧化锆陶瓷材料zirconia ceramics氧化钬holmium oxide氧化钪scandium oxide氧化镧lanthanum oxide氧化镥iutrcium oxide氧化铝瓷alumina porcelain氧化铝瓷alumina ceramics氧化镍电致变色陶瓷材料nickel oxide electrochromic ceramics氧化钕neodymium oxide氧化铍陶瓷beryllia ceramics or beryllium oxide氧化镨prasecdymium oxide氧化钐samarium oxide氧化铈cerium oxide氧化铽terbium oxide氧化铁薄膜γ-Fe2O3 thin films氧化钨电致变色陶瓷陶瓷tungsten oxide electrochromic ceramics; wolframium oxide electrochromic ceramies氧化锌zinc oxide氧化锌压电电阻陶瓷zinc oxide voltage-sensitive ceramics氧化钇yttrium oxide氧化镱ytterbium氧化铕europium oxide液晶显示材料liquid crystals for display液体钎剂soldering flux乙酸丁酯n-butyl acetate乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate异丙醇2-propanol银箔silver foil银铜焊料siliver-copper braging alloy印刷板软钎焊用钎剂soldering flux for printer circuit boayds荧光粉phosphor for monochromatic display tube硬性及软性标牌胶hard & flexible decorations adhesive永磁铁氧体料粉hard ferrite powder用氧化锌低压化的硫氧化钇Ⅲeuropium () active yttrium oxysulfide coated by zinc oxide有机硅灌封料silicone potting materials有机硅浸渍料silicone dipping compound有机活性助焊剂organic active fluxes and solders预浸盐pre-dip salt预涂助焊剂precoated soldering flux远紫外负性光刻胶deep ultraviolet negative photoresist远紫外正性光刻胶deep ultraviolet positive photoresist窄线宽石榴石材料系列narrow linewidth garnet material粘结钕铁硼磁体bonded NdFeB magnets粘结永磁铁氧体材料bonded Permanet ferrite materials照明用荧光粉LEDphosphor for LED illumination锗单晶monocrystalline germanium锗酸铋单晶bismuth germinate single ctrstal; BGO; bismuth germanium oxide蒸散型吸气剂evaporable getter正矾磷酸钇:铕yttrium vanadophosphate activated by europium正胶显影液developer for positive photoresist正性光刻胶LCDLCD positive photoresist直接键合硅片direct bonded silicon wafer中子嬗变掺杂硅单晶neutral transmutation重氮丝印感光胶diazo silk screen printing photosensitive emulsion重硅酸钡:铅barium disilicite activated by lead皱纹纸胶带crepe paper tape助焊剂solding aid紫翠宝石可调谐激光晶体alexandrite tunable laser crystal紫外碱溶抗蚀印料UV alkaline soluble etching resist ink紫外正性光刻胶ultraviolet positive photoresist自干型耐腐蚀印料self-drying etchin gresist ink棕刚玉粉brown fused alumina powder阻燃包封料flame retarding encapsulating material阻燃环氧灌封料flame retarding epoxy potting compound阻燃密封胶(高压聚焦电位器用)flame retardant sealant (for high voltage focusing potentiometer)阻燃型彩色聚酯压敏胶带flame resistant colored pressure sensitive adhesive tape阻燃型室温硫化硅橡胶(双组分)flame resistant RTV silicone rubber (two components)。

高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇

高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇

brush polymercoiling type polymer电荷转移复合物,电荷转移络合物热引发转移终止剂封端[反应]e value17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链;链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration,CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight,viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution,MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级,淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性,弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变;变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹,回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis,TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature。

材料专业英语单词

材料专业英语单词

翻译必备词汇编号中文英文1 设计design2 性能properties4 应用application5 工艺process6 焊接welding7 应力stress8 腐蚀corrosion10 合金alloys12 参数parameters13 激光laser14 变形deformation15 加工machining16 热处理heat18 机床machine20 不锈钢stainless21 金属metal22 涂层coating23 力学性能mechanical24 硬度hardness26 疲劳fatigue28 数控nc29 轧制rolling30 模具die31 软件software32 铸造casting34 铸铁iron35 成形forming36 切削cutting38 轧机mill40 断裂fracture41 晶粒grain42 有限finite43 精度precision44 耐磨wear46 误差error48 凝固solidification49 数值numerical50 有限元finite51 工艺参数parameters52 磨削grinding54 仿真simulation56 寿命life57 刀具tool58 韧性toughness59 显微组织microstructure60 焊缝weld62 厚度thickness64 优化optimization65 残余residual66 形状shape67 奥氏体austenite68 摩擦friction70 退火annealing72 相变transformation73 挤压extrusion74 耐蚀corrosion76 电弧arc78 电化学electrochemical79 自动automatic80 塑性plastic81 温度场temperature82 非晶amorphous84 曲线curve86 热轧hot87 铸件casting88 时效aging89 制造manufacturing90 齿轮gear92 零件parts93 冷轧cold94 残余应力residual95 等离子plasma96 耐磨性wear97 基体matrix98 金刚石diamond100 真空vacuum101 数控机床machine102 测定determination 103 焊接工艺welding104 铁素体ferrite105 钢板steel106 振动vibration108 热处理工艺 treatment109 钢中steel110 成分composition112 马氏体martensite114 离子ion115 扫描电镜sem116 加热炉furnace 117 脉冲pulse118 快速rapid。

金属材料加工专业英文词汇

金属材料加工专业英文词汇
镍铬钼钢 ? 日工标准 G4103 64
Nickel, Chrome & Molybdenum Steel to JIS G4103
高锰钢铸 ? 日工标准
High manganese steel to JIS standard
片及板材
Chapter Four-Strip, Steel & Plate
交换能量 Positive energy exchange
外价电子 Outer valence electrons
化学结合 Chemical bond
自发上磁 Spontaneous magnetization
磁畴 Magnetic domain
相反旋转 Opposite span
Ferrite
渗碳体
Cementitle
奥氏体 Austenite
珠光体及共释钢
Pearlite &Eutectoid
奥氏体碳钢
Austenite Carbon Steel
单相金属
Single Phase Metal
共释变态
Eutectoid Transformation
The Method of Metal inspection
不破坏检验
Non ? destructive inspections
渗透探伤法
Penetrate inspection
磁粉探伤法
Magnetic particle inspection
放射线探伤法
Radiographic inspection
锻造 Fogging
挤压 Extrusion

冶金和耐火材料中英文词汇

冶金和耐火材料中英文词汇

冶金(Metallurgy)专业词汇rollability 可轧制性rolled compact 轧坯rolled gold 覆饰用极薄金箔rolled in scale 轧入氧化皮rolled iron 轧制钢材rolled pipe 轧制管rolled products 轧材rolled steel 轧制钢材rolled stock 轧材rolled tube 轧制管rolled wire 轧制线材roller 辊子;轧钢工roller bearing 滚柱轴承roller bearing steel 滚柱轴承钢roller bed 辊道roller chain 滚子链roller cold pilgering mill 滚式冷轧管机roller conveyor 辊式运输机roller cooling bed 辊式冷床roller die 辊模roller electrode 辊式电极roller feeder 辊式给料机roller guide 辊式导板roller hearth furnace 辊底式炉roller leveler 辊式矫直机roller line 辊道线roller reel 辊式卷取机roller spot welding 滚点焊roller straightening machine 辊式矫正机roller twister 辊式扭转导板rolling plant 轧制车间rolling power 轧制能力rolling pressure 轧制压力rolling program 轧制图解rolling skin 轧制铁鳞rolling solution 轧制用润滑冷却液rolling surface 滚动面rolling technology 轧制工艺rolling temperature 轧制温度rolling temperature region 轧制温度区rolling texture 轧制织构rolling torque 轧制力矩rolling width 轧制宽度roof 炉顶roofing sheet 屋面薄钢板root 根部root crack 根部裂纹root gap 根部间隙root of penetration 焊缝根部root opening 根部间隙root pass 根部焊道root run 根部焊道rope 索rope manufacture 钢丝绳制造rope transfer 钢丝绳移送机rope wire 钢丝绳用钢丝roscoelite 钒云母rosette graphite 玫瑰花状石墨rotary converter 回转式转炉rotary crusher 回转破碎机rotary cutter 圆盘式剪断机rotary die 转模rotary drier 回转干燥器rotary drum grinder 滚筒粉碎机rotary filter 滚筒过滤机rotary forge mill 周期式轧管机rotary furnace 回转炉rotary hearth furnace 转底炉rotary kiln 回转炉rotary kiln reduction 回转炉还原rotary piercing 斜辊式穿孔rotary piercing mill 斜辊式穿轧机rotary pump 回转泵rotary shears 圆盘剪切机rotary squeezer 回转压榨机rotary swager 旋转锻造机rotary swaging 回转模锻rotary trimming shears 圆盘式切边剪rotary tube straightener 旋转式钢管矫直机rotary vacuum pump 回转真空泵rotating anode 旋转阳极rotating arc 旋转电弧rotating arc welding 旋转电弧悍rotating bending test 旋转弯曲试验rotating cathode 旋转阴极rotating crystal method 旋转结晶法rotating cube mixer 旋转箱式混料机rottenstone 硅藻土rouge 铁丹rough forging 粗锻造rough grinding 粗研磨rough surface 粗面rougher 开毗机roughing 粗轧roughing groove 粗轧孔型roughing mill group 粗轧机组roughing pass 粗轧孔型roughing slag 下渣roughing train 粗轧机线roughness 粗糙度roughness factor 粗糙度系数round billet 圆形坯round concrete bar 混凝土用圆钢round ingot 圆锭round kiln 圆形炉round pass 圆形孔型round steel 圆钢rounding 倒角rounds 圆钢row of dislocations 位错排列rubber mold 橡皮铸型rubber packing 橡皮垫rubellite 红电气石rubidium 铷rubidium alum 铷茂rubidium chloride 氯化铷ruby copper 赤铜矿ruhrstahl heraeus process 双管循环真空除气法run 道run off tab 引出板run out table 输出辊道runner 出钢槽runner box 分叉浇口箱runner brick 汤道砖running out 跑号running repair 小修running time 运转时间runoff table 输出辊道runout 瘤;漏铁水rupture 破坏rupture stress 断裂应力rust 锈rust inhibitor 防锈剂rust protection 抗锈rust remover 除锈剂rust resistance 耐锈蚀性rusting 生锈ruthenium 钌rutile 金红石rutile electrode 氧化钛药皮焊条rz powder rz 粉末s curve s 型曲线s n curve 曲线s.a.p. 烧结铝粉sabugalite 铝钙铀云母sacrificial anode 牺牲阳极saddening 轻压或小压量锻造saddle 托台safe load 安全荷重safeguard 安全设备safety coefficient 安全系数safety factor 安全系数safety goggles 防眼镜safety guard 安全设备safety lining 安全衬砖层safety rod 安全棒safety valve 安全阀safflorite 斜方砷钴矿saggar 退火箱sagger 退火箱salinity 盐度salt 盐salt annealing 盐浴退火salt bath 盐浴salt bath furnace 盐浴炉saltpeter 硝石samarium 钐sample 试样sample quartering 四分法取样sample scoop 取样勺sample splitter 分取样器sampler 取样器sampling 取样sand 砂sand aerator 松砂机sand bath 砂浴sand burning 粘砂sand cast pig iron 砂铸生铁sand casting 砂型铸造sand control 型砂控制sand cutter 松砂机sand cutting 拌砂sand disintegrator 松砂机sand flowability 型砂怜性sand inclusion 夹砂sand inclusion mark 夹砂痕sand mill 辗砂机sand mixer 混砂机sand mold 砂型sand mold casting 砂型铸造sand molding 型砂造型sand permeability 砂的透气性sand seal 砂封sand sieve grading 砂筛分级sand sifter 型砂筛子sand slinger 抛砂机sand tempering 型砂湿度第sandbinder 砂粘结剂sandblast machine 喷砂机sandblasting 喷砂清理sandwich die 夹层板模sap 未渗碳芯sassolite 天然硼酸satin finish 缎面光saturability 饱和度saturated solution 饱和溶液saturated vapor 饱和蒸汽saturation 饱和saturation concentration 饱和浓度saturation curve 饱和曲线saturation magnetization 饱和磁化saturation point 饱和点saturation pressure 饱和压力saturation state 饱和状态saturation temperature 饱和温度saturation vapor pressure 饱和蒸汽压saw 锯saw tooth dirt trap 锯齿状集渣器saxophone gate 萨克管状浇口scab 夹砂结疤;炉结scaffolding 挂料scale 氧化皮scale breaker 除鳞机scale breaking 鳞皮碎清除scale bucket 储鳞箱scale car 称量车scale losses 烧损scale removal 除氧化皮scale resistance 耐氧化性scale resistant steel 耐氧化钢scaling 起氧化皮scalping machine 剥皮机scandium 钪scandium oxide 氧化钪scanning 扫描scanning electron microscopy 扫描电子显微镜检查法scapolite 方柱石scarfer 火焰清理机scarfing 火焰清理scarfing machine 火焰清理机scavenger 脱氧剂scc sensitivity 应力腐蚀破裂敏感性schaeffler diagram 谢夫列尔组织图scheelite 白钨矿schoepite 柱铀矿schoop process 朔普法schorl 黑电气石schottky defect 肖特基缺陷sclerometer 刮痕硬度试验仪sclerometric hardness 刮痕硬度scleroscope 肖氏硬度仪scleroscope hardness 肖氏硬度score 标志scoria 熔析渣scorification 造渣scrap 废金属scrap and pig process 生铁废钢炼钢法scrap baling press 废钢打捆机scrap chopper 切废料装置scrap cutter 废金属剪scrap edge 废边料scrap practice 废钢炼钢法scrap preheating 废钢预热scrap preparation 废金属准备scrap rate 废金属比scrap shears 废金属剪scrap yard 废料场scraper feeder 刮板式给料机scrapped iron 废铸铁scratch 擦伤scratch brushing 用钢丝刷清理scratch hardness 刮痕硬度scratch hardness tester 刮痕硬度试验仪screen 筛screen undersize 筛下产品screw box 压下螺母screw dislocation 螺旋位错screw down gear 压下机构screw down mechanism 压下机构screw feeder 螺旋进料器screw rolling 螺旋轧制screw rolling mill 螺旋轧机screwdown 压下机构scrubber 洗气器scrubber tower 洗气塔scrubbing 洗气scruff 浮渣scull 结壳scum 泡沫sea water corrosion 海水腐蚀seal 封闭seal in alloy 密封合金seal ring 密封环sealed porosity 封闭气孔sealing weld 气密焊缝seam 缝;发纹seam annealing 焊缝处退火seam welder 缝焊机seam welding 滚焊seam welding machine 缝焊机seaming 卷边接缝seamless pipe 无缝钢管seamless steel pipe 无缝钢管seamless steel tube 无缝钢管seamless tube 无缝钢管seamless tube rolling mill 无缝管轧机search unit 探头season cracking 季节性开裂seasoning 自然时效seawater bronze 耐海水腐蚀青铜second annealing 二次退火secondary air 二次空气secondary aluminum 再生铝secondary combustion 二次燃烧secondary cooling 二次冷却secondary cooling zone 二次冷却区secondary creep 稳态蠕变secondary crystal 二次结晶secondary desulfurization 炉外脱硫secondary dislocation 二次位错secondary emission 次级发射secondary grain 次生晶粒secondary graphite 二次石墨secondary hardening 回火硬化secondary hardness 二次硬度secondary hematite 二次赤铁矿secondary inclusion 二次夹杂secondary martensite 二次马氏体secondary metal 再生金属secondary metallurgy 二次冶金secondary pipe 二次缩孔secondary radiation 二次辐射secondary reaction 副反应secondary recrystallization 二次再结晶secondary refining 二次精炼secondary sorbite 回火讼体secondary structure 二次组织secondary twin 二次孪晶section 断面section groove 异形孔型section mill 型钢轧机section of pass 孔型轮廓section steel 型钢section straightening machine 型钢矫直机section tube 异型管section wire 异形钢丝sectional sensitivity 壁厚敏感性sedimentation 沉降sedimentation basin 沉淀池sedimentation equilibrium 沉积平衡seebeck effect 未克热电效应seed 晶种seed crystal 晶种seger cone 测温锥segment die 组合模;组合拉模segregation 偏析segregation band 偏析带segregation boundary layer 偏析境界层segregation line 偏析带seizing 磨损selected area electron diffraction 选择区域电子衍射selective absorption 选择吸收selective annealing 局部退火selective carburizing 局部渗碳selective concentrate 优先浮选精矿selective corrosion 选择腐蚀selective extraction 选择提取selective flotation 优先浮选selective hardening 局部淬火selective oxidation 分别氧化selective quenching 局部淬火selective reaction 选择反应selective reduction 选择还原selective solvent 选择性溶剂selenic acid 硒酸selenic anhydride 硒酸酐selenide 硒化物selenium 硒selenium chloride 氯化硒selenium oxide 氧化硒selenium rectifier 硒整流self baking electrode 自焙电极self carburization 自增碳self corrosion 局部腐蚀self diffusion 自扩散self energy of a dislocation 位错的自具能self fluxed pellets 自熔性球团矿self fluxed sinter 自熔性烧结self fluxing ore 自熔矿self hardening 空气淬火self hardening pellets 自硬性球团矿self hardening steel 空气硬化钢self ignition 自燃self peeling slag 自动放出渣self registering thermometer 自记温度计self releasing slag 自动放出渣self tempering 自回火semiacid refractory 半酸性耐火材料semianthracite 半无烟煤semiautomatic arc welder 半自动电弧焊机semiautomatic welder 半自动电焊机semiautomatic welding 半自动焊接semibituminous coal 半烟煤semicentrifugal casting 半离心铸造semicoke 半焦semiconducting material 半导体材料semiconductor 半导体semiconductor alloy 半导体合金semiconductor crystal 半导体晶体semicontinuous caster 半连续铸造机semicontinuous casting 半连续铸造semicontinuous mill 半连续式轧机semicontinuous wire rod mill 半连续式线材轧机semifinished material 半成品semifinished product 半成品semikilled steel 半脱氧钢semimacrosegregation 半宏观偏析semimetal 半金属semimicroanalysis 半微量分析semipermeable membrane 半透膜semiproduct 半制品semipyritic smelting 半自热熔炼semired brass 浅红黄铜semis for rerolling 再轧制用半成品semisilica brick 半硅砖semisteel 钢性生铁semisteel roll 半钢轧辊senarmontite 方锑矿sendzimir mill 森吉米尔轧机sensible heat 显热sensitization 敏化separate drive 单独传动separating bath 沉淀槽separating funnel 分液漏斗separation 分级separation coefficient 分离系数separation column 分离柱separation factor 分离系数separator 分离器sequence casting 连包连铸sequence etching 依次浸蚀sequential casting ratio 全连铸比sequential motion compaction 楔形压制sericite 绢云母series spot welding 单边多点点焊serpentine 蛇纹石serpentine tube 蛇管service stress 使用应力service voltage 工诅压sesquioxide 三氧化二物sesquisilicate 倍伴硅酸盐sessile dislocation 不滑动位错sessile drop method 液滴法set copper 凹铜set of rolls 辊组settler 沉降槽settling 沉降settling basin 沉淀池settling bath 沉淀槽settling curve 沉淀曲线settling rate 沉降速度settling tank 沉降槽settling velocity 沉降速度setup 装配;蝶sewage 污水shaft 炉身shaft angle 炉身角shaft furnace 竖炉shaft furnace process 竖炉法shaft jacket 炉身外壳shaft kiln 竖炉shaker 摇筛器摇动器shaker screen 摇动筛shaking down 熔池搅拌shaking grate 摇动炉篦shaking sieve 摇动筛shallow hardening 浅淬火shape 型钢shape factor 形状系数shape memory 形状记忆shape mill 型钢轧机shaped blank 异形坯shaped brick 异型砖shaped die 异形模shaped roll 有槽轧辊shaped section 异形型钢shaping 成形shaping pass 成形孔型sharp notch 尖缺口shatter index 落下强度shatter test 落下试验shear crack 剪切裂纹shear deformation 剪切变形shear force 剪切力shear line 剪切椎线shear modulus 刚性模数shear plane 剪切面shear rigidity 抗剪颈度shear stiffness 抗剪颈度shear strain 剪切变形shear strength 抗剪强度shear stress 剪应力shear test 剪切试验shear yield point 剪切屈服点shearing machine 剪机shears 剪断机shears approach table 剪机前辊道shears blade 剪断机刃shears entry table 剪机前辊道sheet 薄板sheet bar 薄板坯板料sheet bar mill 薄板毗机sheet bar shears 薄板鹏断机sheet bending machine 弯板机sheet brass 黄铜板sheet copper 铜板sheet gage 薄板厚度sheet iron shell 薄铁板壳sheet lead 铅板sheet metal 金属薄板sheet mill 薄板轧机sheet piler 垛板机sheet roll 薄板轧辊sheet shears 剪板机sheet steel 薄钢板sheet thichness gage 薄板测厚计sheet thickness 薄板厚度sheet tin 锡板sheet zinc 锌板shell core 壳芯shell mold 壳模铸型shell molding process 壳型铸造法shell of blast furnace 高炉炉皮shell thickness 凝固壳厚度;管炮厚度sherardizing 锌粉热镀shielded arc welding 保护电弧焊shift 错箱shift roll 轴向移动辊shift roll mill 轧辊轴向移动轧机shift roll stand 轧辊轴向移动式机座shim 托子ship plate 造船钢板shipbuilding sections 船用型钢shipbuilding shapes 船用型钢shipbuilding steel 造船钢shock absorber 缓冲器减震器shock cooling 冲讳却shock resistance 冲昏力shock stress 冲沪力shock test 冲辉验shock wave hardening treatment 爆炸硬化处理shockley dislocation 肖克莱位错shoot 鳞shore hardness 肖氏硬度shore test 肖氏硬度试验short fiber 短纤维short flame coal 短焰煤short range order 近程序short run 浇不满short slag 短渣short time test 短时试验shorterizing 表面火焰淬火shortness 脆性shorts 筛余shot 丸shot blast cleaning 喷丸清理shot blasting 喷丸清理shot peening 喷丸处理shotblast machine 喷丸装置shotblast unit 喷丸装置shotting 金属粒化shoulder core 台阶芯棒shower gate 淋雨式浇口shower roasting 飘悬焙烧shredded scrap 碎废钢shredder scrap 碎废钢shrink 收缩shrink hole 缩孔shrink rule 收缩尺shrinkage allowanace 收缩余量shrinkage cavity 缩孔shrinkage crack 收缩裂缝shrinkage depression 收缩凹坑shrinkage strain 收缩应变shrinkage stress 收缩应力shuttle saw 滑座式锯side blowing 侧吹side blown converter 侧吹转炉side crops 废边料side discharged furnace 侧出料式炉side edge 侧边side force 侧向力side gate 横浇口side guide 侧导板side pressure 侧压力side reaction 副反应side runner 侧两口side shearing 切边side trimmers 剪边机side trimming shears 剪边机side trimming unit 带材切侧边机side wall 侧壁siderite 菱铁矿siderite concentrate 菱铁精矿siderophile element 亲铁元素siemens martin steel 平炉钢sieve 筛sieve analysis 筛分析sieve apparatus 筛分机sieve classification 筛分级sieve fraction 筛分粒级sieve mesh 筛网目sieve set 套筛sieving 筛分sifter 筛sifting 筛分sight hole 观察孔sigma phase 相silica 硅石silica brick 硅砖silica gel 硅胶silica glass 石英玻璃silica modulus 硅酸率silica refractory 硅质耐火材料silica sand 硅砂silica tube 石英管silica white 硅胶粉silicate 硅酸盐silicate degree 硅酸度silicate inclusion 硅酸盐夹杂物siliceous brick 硅酸盐砖silicic acid 硅酸silicic anhydride 硅酸酐silicide 硅化物silicification 硅化silico manganese steel 硅锰钢silicoaluminum 硅铝合金silicocalcium 硅钙合金silicocerium 硅铈合金silicochrome 硅铬合金silicoferrite 硅铁素体silicofluoride 氟硅化物silicomanganese 硅锰合金silicon 硅silicon bronze 硅青铜silicon carbide 碳化硅silicon carbide brick 碳化硅砖silicon ferrite 硅铁素体silicon killed steel 硅脱氧钢silicon reduction 硅热还原silicon resin 硅尸silicon steel 硅钢silicon tetrachloride 四氯化硅silicon tetrafluoride 四氟化硅siliconiobium 硅铌合金siliconizing 渗硅silicophosphate 磷硅酸盐silicospiegel 硅镜铁silicothermic process 硅热还原法silicotitanium 硅钛合金silicozirconium 硅锆合金silky fracture 丝光断口sillimanite 硅线石silumin 硅铝共晶合金silver 银silver alloy 银合金silver amalgam 银汞膏silver arsenite 亚砷酸银silver bath 银浴silver brazing 银钎焊silver bronze 银青铜silver chloride 氯化银silver crucible 银坩埚silver cyanide 氰化银silver electrolyte 银电解液silver foil 银箔silver lead ore 银方铅矿silver leaf 银箔silver nitrate 硝酸银silver ore 银矿silver plating 镀银silver point 银点silver solder 银焊料silver soldering 银钎焊silver steel 银亮钢silver sulfide 硫化银silvering 镀银silvery pig iron 高硅生铁similarity law 相似法则simple carbide 单一碳化物simple cubic lattice 简单立方晶格simple housing 简单机架simple lattice 简单晶格simple slip 纯滑移single action pressing 单动压制single bend test 单向弯曲试验single block machine 单次拉丝机single chain drawbench 单链式拉拔机single crystal 单晶体single crystal particle 单晶颗粒single crystal substrate 单晶基板single lap 浇注重皮single operator welding machine 单式弧焊接机single particle 单颗粒single pass drawing 单道拉拔single pass welding 单道焊single phase alloy 单相合金single phase region 单相区single phase structure 单相组织single phase transformer 单相变压器single run welding 单道焊single sided pattern plate 单面模板single slag process 单渣法single slip 纯滑移single spot welding 单点焊single stand mill 单机架轧机single strand drawing 单线拉拔single strand mill 单线式轧机single vacancy 单一空位singular point 奇异点sink drawing 无芯棒拔制sink float separation 重介质选矿sink hole 缩孔sinking mill 减径机sinking sizing mill 减径定径机sinter 烧结矿sinter burden 烧结装料sinter cake 烧结块sinter cooler 烧结矿冷却机sinter forging 烧结锻造sinter green 烧结混合物sinter machine 烧结机sinter ore 烧结矿sinter pot 烧结锅sinter roasting 烧结焙烧sinter skin 烧结表面层sintered alloy 烧结合金sintered aluminum powder 烧结铝粉sintered carbide 烧结碳化物sintered compact 烧结体sintered density 烧结密度sintered hard alloy 烧结硬质合金sintered metal 烧结金属sintered part 烧结零件sintered piece 烧结零件sintered skeleton 烧结骨架sintered steel 烧结钢sintering 烧结sintering activity 烧结活性sintering belt 烧结带sintering box 烧结盒sintering furnace 烧结炉sintering inhibitor 烧结抑制剂sintering kinetics 烧结动力学sintering line 烧结线sintering mix 烧结混合物sintering pan 烧结盘sintering process 烧结法sintering temperature 烧结温度sintering zone 烧结带six fold axis 六次轴six high mill 六辊式轧机size deviation 尺寸偏差size frequency 粒度频度size precision 尺寸精确度sized ore 分级矿石sizing 筛分sizing mill 定径机skeleton 骨架skeleton pattern 骨架模型skelp mill 有缝管毗机skew rolling 斜轧skew table 斜辊辊道skid 移送机skid pipe 炉底滑管skid rail 炉底滑管skim 泡沫skim gate 挡渣浇口skimmer 撇渣器skimming 除渣skimming hole 撇渣口skin hole 表面气孔skin mill 平整机skin rolling 平整skin shrinkage 表皮收缩skip 料车skip hoist 料斗卷扬机skip welding 跳焊skip winch 料车卷杨机skull 结壳skutterudite 方钴矿slab 扁钢坯扁钢锭slab caster 板努铸机slab conditioning 板彭面加工slab ingot 扁锭slab mill 板捧轧机slab packet 扁纽slab shears 板鹏断机slack 粉炭slack coal 粉炭slack quenching 不完全淬火slacking down 消弱slag 炉渣slag action 炉渣侵蚀slag bath 渣浴slag brick 渣砖slag car 渣罐车slag cement 炉渣水泥slag composition 炉渣组成slag dump 废渣堆slag formation 造渣slag former 造渣剂slag free tapping 无渣出钢slag granulation 炉渣粒化slag hammer 除渣锤slag hole 出渣口slag inclusion 夹渣slag ladle 渣罐slag losses 渣中金属损失slag melting furnace 炉渣熔炼炉slag notch 出渣口slag notch cooler 出渣口冷却箱slag pit 渣坑slag pocket 沉渣室slag practice 造渣法slag pumice 渣浮石slag resistance 抗渣性slag runner 渣沟slag running off 排渣slag sand 炉渣砂slag skimmer 撇渣器slag tapping 出渣slag thimble 渣罐slag trap 集渣器slag trough 渣沟slag tuyere 渣口小套slag tuyere cooler 渣口冷却套slag wool 渣棉slag yield 出渣率slagging 渣化;排渣slagless process 无渣法slaked lime 消石灰slaking 熄焦sledge 大锤sleeker 修平刀sleeking 磨光sleeve filter 套管式过滤器slenderness ratio 钢锭模锥度slice 单层slice preparation 显微照片准备slicker 修平刀slide gate 滑动水口slide gate nozzle 滑动水口sliding bearing 滑动轴承sliding friction 滑动摩擦sliding plate 滑板sliding surface 滑动面slime 泥渣slime water 矿泥水slip 滑移slip band 滑移带slip casting 粉浆浇铸slip crack 滑动裂纹slip direction 滑动方向slip dislocation 滑移位错slip drawing 滑动拉拔slip line 滑移线slip line method 滑移线法slip plane 滑移面slip resistance 滑动阻力slip zone 滑移区slit edge 切开的边slit shearing 纵向切断slit strip 经圆盘剪切分的带材slitter 带材纵切圆盘剪slitting 带钢的纵剪slitting line 带材纵剪椎线slitting machine 圆盘式纵剪机slitting pass 切分孔型slitting saw 圆锯slitting shears 圆盘式纵剪机sloping skid 斜台架slopping 喷溅slot welding 槽焊slow combustion 缓燃烧slow cooling 缓冷sludge 泥渣slug 锻造毛坯slush casting 空心铸造small angle scattering 小角度散射small bell 小钟small breaks 断裂small cone 小钟small section mill 小型轧机smaltine 砷钴矿smaltite 砷钴矿smelt 熔炼smelter 熔炼炉smeltery 冶炼厂smelting 熔炼smelting furnace 熔炼炉smelting plant 冶炼厂smelting reduction process 熔融还原法smelting works 冶炼厂smelting zone 熔炼带smith forging 自由锻造smith's forge 锻工炉smith's tongs 锻工钳smithing 锻造smithing tool 锻造用工具smithsonite 菱锌矿smoke 烟smoke flue 烟道smokeless combustion 无烟燃烧snagging 铸件粗加工snap flask 可拆式砂箱snap gage 卡规snoek effect 斯诺克效应snort valve 放风阀snowflake 内裂soaker 均热炉soaking 均热soaking pit 均热炉soaking pit crane 均热炉起重机soaking pit furnace 均热炉soaking temperature 均热温度soaking time 均热时间soaking zone 均热段soap bubble model 皂泡模型soap drawn wire 肥皂润滑拉丝soap greaser 肥皂润滑剂箱soda ash 碳酸钠soda treatment 苏打处理sodalite 方钠石sodium amalgam 钠汞齐sodium carbonate 碳酸钠sodium chloride 氯化钠sodium cyanide 氰化钠sodium fluoride 氟化钠sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠sodium lead 钠铅合金sodium perchlorate 高氯酸钠sodium phosphate 磷酸钠sodium sulfate 硫酸钠sodium sulfide 硫化钠sodium uranate 铀酸钠sodium zinc 锌钠合金soft annealing 软退火soft burnt lime 轻烧石灰soft cast iron 软铸铁soft ductile mandrel 软韧性芯棒soft facing 软堆焊soft flame 软化焰soft iron 软铁soft lead 软铅soft magnetic alloy 软磁合金soft metal 软金属soft solder 软焊料soft spot 软点soft steel 软钢softener 软化剂softening 软化softening point 软化点softening temperature 软化温度sol 溶胶solar furnace 太阳能炉solder 焊料solder bar 软焊棒solder embrittlement 软焊脆性solder flux 热焊接溶剂solderability 钎焊性soldered joint 软钎焊接soldered tube 锡焊管soldering 焊接soldering bit 钎焊烙铁soldering paste 焊膏sole plate 基础底板solid 固体solid carburizer 固体渗碳剂solid carburizing 固体渗碳solid charge 固体炉料solid electrolyte 固体电解质solid fuel 固体燃料solid liquid interaction 固液相互酌solid liquid interphase 固液界面solid phase 固相solid phase sintering 固相烧结solid solubility 固溶度solid solution 固溶体solid solution range 固溶体区域solid solution strengthening 固溶强化solid solution treatment 固溶化处理solid state transformation 固态转变solidification 凝固solidification constant 固化常数solidification contraction 凝固收缩solidification front 凝固前沿solidification heat 固化热solidification rate 凝固速率solidification shrinkage 凝固收缩solidified front 凝固前沿solidifying point 凝固点solidus 固相线solidus surface 固相面solidus temperature 固相线温度solubility 可溶性solubility coefficient 溶解系数solubility curve 溶解度曲线solubility gap 溶混间隔solubility limit 溶解极限solubility product 溶解度积solubilization 溶解soluble anode 助熔性阳极solute 溶质solution 溶解solution annealing 固熔退火solution hardening 固溶硬化solution heat 溶解热solution power 溶解能力solution pressure 溶解压solution purification 溶液净化solution stripping 化学去除镀层solution tension 溶解压solution treatment 固溶化处理solvate 溶剂solvation 溶剂化酌solvency 溶解能力solvent 溶媒solvent cleaning 溶剂清洗solvent extraction 溶剂萃取solvent extraction agent 溶剂萃取剂solvent extraction method 溶剂提取法solvent recovery 溶剂回收solvolysis 溶剂分解solvus 固溶度曲线sonic fatigue 声波疲劳sonic test 音响试验soot 炭黑sorbent 吸附剂sorbite 讼体sorbite structure 讼体组织sorbitic perlite 讼体状珠光体sorption 吸着sound test 音响试验sounding rod 探尺sowblock 模具夹持器space group 空间群space lattice 空间晶格space metallurgy 宇宙冶金spalling 剥落spangles 锌花spark arrester 火花挡板spark discharge 火花放电spark erosion 火花浸蚀spark sintering 放电烧结spark test 火花试验sparking alloy 发火合金spathic iron ore 菱铁矿spatter 飞溅spatter loss 飞溅损失special brass 特种黄铜special bronze 特种青铜special hardening 特殊淬火special iron 特种生铁special section 特殊型钢special steel 特殊钢specific consumption of metal 金属单位消耗量specific density 密度specific elongation 延伸率specific gravity 比重specific heat 比热specific heat at constant pressure 定压比热specific heat at constant volume 定体积比热specific power 单位功率specific pressure 比压specific resistance 比电阻specific strength 比强度specific surface area 比表面积specific transformer capacity 变压迫容量specific transformer output 变压匹位容量的生产率specific volume 比容specific weight 比重specified length 定尺长度specimen 试样speckle segregation 斑点状偏析speckled surface 小斑点表面spectral analysis 光谱分析spectral line 光谱线spectrochemical analysis 光谱化学分析spectrochemistry 光谱化学spectrogram 光谱照片spectrograph 摄谱仪spectrographically pure 光谱纯的spectrometer 分光计spectrometry 光谱测定spectrophotometer 分光光度计spectroscope 分光仪spectroscopic analysis 光谱分析spectroscopically pure 光谱纯的spectroscopy 光谱学spectrum 光谱specular iron 镜铁speculum metal 镜青铜speed of material descent 炉料下降速度speiss 黄渣spelter 粗锌spelter pot 锌熔液槽spent electrolyte 废电解液spent liquor 废液sperrylite 砷白金矿spessartine 斜煌岩spessartite 斜煌岩spherical powder 球状粉spherocobaltite 球菱钴矿spheroid 球状体spheroidal graphite 球状石墨spheroidal graphite cast iron 球墨铸铁spheroidal powder 亚球状粉spheroidizing 球化退火spherulite 球粒spider die 舌形模spiegel iron 镜铁spill 毛细裂纹spin hardening 旋转淬火spindle 轴spindle balance 轴平衡spinel 尖晶石spinel inclusion 尖晶石形夹杂物spinning 离心分离spinodal decomposition 亚稳态分解spiral 螺旋spiral classifier 螺旋分级机spiral condensing tube 冷却旋管spiral weld 螺旋焊缝spiral welded pipe 螺旋焊管spiral welded tube 螺旋焊管spiral welding 螺旋焊splash 飞溅splasher 防溅板splat cooling 液滴冷却splice bar 鱼尾板split die 组合模split interstitial 亚铃状间隙原子split punch 组合冲模splitting of a dislocation 位错分解spodumene 锂辉石sponge 海绵sponge electrode 海绵状电极sponge iron 海绵铁sponge metal 海绵状金属sponge powder 海绵粉sponginess 海绵质spongy copper 海绵铜spongy lead 海绵铅spongy platinum 海绵铂spongy titanium 海绵钛spongy top 菜花头spontaneous combustion 自发燃烧spontaneous crystallization 自发结晶spontaneous decomposition 自发分解spontaneous ignition 自发着火spontaneous magnetization 自然磁化spontaneous nucleus 自发核spoon 取样杓spot leaching 就地浸出spot size 焊点直径spot test 点滴分析spot weld 点焊缝spot welder 点焊机spot welding 点焊spot welding machine 点焊机spotting out 斑点出现spout 槽spray 喷雾spray coating 喷涂spray cooling 喷雾冷却spray gun 金属喷射枪spray hardening 喷水淬火spray quenching 喷水淬火spray refining 喷吹精炼spraying 金属喷镀spread 宽展spread rolling 宽展轧制spreading stand 宽展机座sprigging 插钉sprills 柱状粉spring 弹簧spring hammer 弹簧锤spring manometer 弹簧式压力计spring pressure gage 弹簧式压力计spring roll balance 轧辊的弹簧式平衡spring steel 弹簧钢spring strip 弹簧片spring wire 弹簧钢丝springback 弹性后效sprue 直浇口sprue base 浇口窝sprue cup 浇口杯sprue cutting 直浇口切断spruing 打掉浇冒口sprung roof 拱式炉顶spun casting 离心铸造spur furnace 带前炉的化铁炉sputtering 喷溅涂覆法square bar 方钢square groove 方孔型square ingot 方钢锭square pass 方孔型square sections 方钢squares 方钢squeeze molding machine 压力造型机squeezer 压力造型机squeezing 压榨stabilized sinter 稳定烧结矿stabilized steel 稳定钢stabilizing annealing 稳定化退火stabilizing element 稳定化元素stabilizing treatment 稳定处理stable equilibrium 稳定平衡stable phase 稳定相stack 堆stack cutting 板垛切断stack gas 烟囱废气stack molding 叠箱造型法stacker 堆垛机stacking 堆垛stacking fault 堆垛层错stacking fault energy 堆垛层错能staggered seam 交错焊缝staggered weld 交错焊缝stain 斑点stainless steel 不锈钢stainless steel electrode 不锈钢焊条stake 铸型用销钉stamp 模stamped density 捣实密度stamped powder 捣碎粉stamping 打印stamping machine 打印机stand 机座stand stiffness 机座刚性standard 标准standard cell 标准电池standard condition 标准状态standard electrode 标准电极standard gold 标准金standard sample 标准试样standard sieve 标准筛standard silver 标准银standard sized scrap 标准尺寸废钢standard solution 标准溶液standard specimen 标准试样standing balance 静态平衡stannate 锡酸盐stannic chloride 四氯化锡stannic compound 四价锡化合物stannic oxide 氧化锡stannine 黄锡矿stanniol 锡箔stannite 黄锡矿stannous chloride 氯化亚锡stannous compound 亚锡化合物stannous oxide 氧化亚锡star antimony 精炼锑starting 起动starting force 起动力starting material 原材料starting sheet 种板starting torque 起动转矩state function 状态函数static equilibrium 静态平衡static fatigue test 静疲劳试验static load 静负荷static moment 静力矩static pressure 静压力static strength 静强度static stress 静应力static test 静力试验stationary diffusion 稳态扩散stationary welding machine 固定式焊机statistic diameter 统计直径statistical analysis 统计分析statistical error 统计误差statistical thermodynamics 统计热力学stead's brittleness 斯特德脆性steady state creep 稳态蠕变steady state diffusion 稳态扩散steam 蒸汽steam ejector 蒸汽喷射器steam generator 蒸汽发生器steam hammer 蒸汽锤steam heating 蒸汽加热steam injector 蒸汽喷射器steam jacket 蒸汽套steam pressure 蒸汽压力steam pump 蒸汽泵steam treatment 蒸气处理steckel mill 斯特克尔可逆式炉卷轧机steel 钢steel band 钢带steel bar 钢条steel bottle 钢瓶steel castings 钢铸件steel construction 钢结构steel fiber 钢纤维steel furnace 炼钢炉steel grit 钢粒steel ingot 钢锭steel making iron 炼钢生铁steel mantle 钢壳steel melting furnace 炼钢炉。

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材料专业英文词汇(全)来源:李硕的日志化学元素(elements)化学元素,简称元素,是化学元素周期表中的基本组成,现有113种元素,其中原子序数从93到113号的元素是人造元素。

物质(matter)物质是客观实在,且能被人们通过某种方式感知和了解的东西,是元素的载体。

材料(materials)材料是能为人类经济地、用于制造有用物品的物质。

化学纤维(man-made fiber, chemical fiber)化学纤维是用天然的或合成的高聚物为原料,主要经过化学方法加工制成的纤维。

可分为再生纤维、合成纤维、醋酯纤维、无机纤维等。

芯片(COMS chip)芯片是含有一系列电子元件及其连线的小块硅片,主要用于计算机和其他电子设备。

光导纤维(optical waveguide fibre)光以波导方式在其中传输的光学介质材料,简称光纤。

激光(laser)(light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation简写为:laser)激光是利用辐射计发光放大原理而产生的一种单色(单频率)、定向性好、干涉性强、能量密度高的光束。

超导(Superconduct)物质在某个温度下电阻为零的现象为超导,我们称具有超导性质的材料为超导体。

仿生材料(biomimetic matorials)仿生材料是模仿生物结构或功能,人为设计和制造的一类材料。

材料科学(materials science)材料科学是一门科学,它从事于材料本质的发现、分析方面的研究,它的目的在于提供材料结构的统一描绘,或给出模型,并解释这种结构与材料的性能之间的关系。

材料工程(materials engineering)材料工程属技术的范畴,目的在于采用经济的、而又能为社会所接受的生产工艺、加工工艺控制材料的结构、性能和形状以达到使用要求。

材料科学与工程(materials science and engineering)材料科学与工程是研究有关材料的成份、结构和制造工艺与其性能和使用性能间相互关系的知识及这些知识的应用,是一门应用基础科学。

材料的成份、结构,制造工艺,性能及使用性能被认为是材料科学与工程的四个基本要素。

成份(composition)成分是指材料的化学组成及其所占比例。

组织、结构(morphology 、structure)组织结构是表示材料微观特征的。

组织是相的形态、分布的图象,其中用肉眼和放大镜观察到的为宏观组织,用显微镜观察到的为显微组织,用电子显微镜观察到的为电子显微组织。

结构是指材料中原子或分子的排列方式。

性能(property)性能是指材料所具有的性质与效用。

工艺(process)工艺是将原材料或半成品加工成产品的方法、技术等。

使用性能(performance)材料在具体的使用条件和环境下所表现出来的行为。

上一页下一页电负性( electro negativity )周期表中各元素的原子吸引电子能力的一种相对标度为电负性,又称负电性。

元素的电负性愈大,吸引电子的倾向愈大,非金属性也愈强。

电负性的定义和计算方法有多种,每一种方法的电负性数值都不同,比较有代表性的有3种:①LC鲍林提出的标度。

根据热化学数据和分子的键能,指定氟的电负性为3.98,计算其他元素的相对电负性。

②RS密立根从电离势和电子亲合能计算的绝对电负性。

③AL阿莱提出的建立在核和成键原子的电子静电作用基础上的电负性。

利用电负性值时,必须是同一套数值进行比较。

元素的电负性值(鲍林标度)元素电负性氢 2.20 钪 1.36 锂0.98 钛 1.54 钠0.93 钒 1.63 钾0.82 铬 1.66 铷0.82 锰 1.55 铯0.79 铁 1.83 铍 1.57 钴 1.88 镁 1.31 镍 1.91 钙 1.00 铜 1.90 锶0.95 锌1.65 钡0.89 硼2.04 铝 1.61 砷 2.18 镓 1.81 锑 2.05 铟 1.78 铋 2.02 铊 2.04 氧3.44 碳2.55 硫 2.58 硅 1.90 硒 2.55 锗 2.01 氟3.98 锡 1.96 氯 3.16 铅 2.33 溴 2.96 氮 3.04 碘2.66 磷 2.19离子键(ionic bond )离子键是通过异性电荷之间的吸引产生的化学结合作用,又称电价键。

电离能小的金属原子(如碱金属)和电子亲合能大的非金属原子(如卤素)接近时,前者将失去电子形成正离子,后者将获得电子形成负离子,正负离子通过库仑作用相互吸引。

当这种吸引力与离子的电子云之间的排斥力达到平衡时,形成稳定的以离子键结合的体系。

离子键的特征是作用力强,而且随距离的增大减弱较慢;作用不受方向性和饱和性的限制,一个离子周围能容纳多少个异性离子及其配置方式,由各离子间的库仑作用决定。

以离子键结合的体系倾向于形成晶体,以便在一个离子周围形成尽可能多的离子键,例如NaCl分子倾向于聚集为NaCl晶体,使每个钠(或氯)离子周围的离子键从1个变为6个。

共价键(covalent bond)共价键是原子之间通过共享电子而产生的化学结合作用。

典型的共价键存在于同核双原子分子中,由每个原子提供一个电子构成成键电子对。

这对电子的自旋方向相反,集中在中间区域,并吸引带正电的两个原子的核心部分而把它们结合起来。

在异核双原子分子中,2个原子的核心部分对成键电子的吸引力不同,成键电子偏向一方,例如在氟化氢分子中电子偏向氟,这种化学键称为极性键。

共价键的特征是有饱和性、方向性和作用的短程性。

一个原子能形成的典型共价键的数目等于该原子的价电子数,称为它的原子价。

共价键之间有特定的相对取向,例如水分子呈弯曲形,而二氧化碳分子是直线形的。

共价键的方向性使分子具有特定的几何形状。

金属键(metallic bond )使金属原子结合成金属的相互作用。

金属原子的电离能低,容易失去电子而形成正离子和自由电子,正离子整体共同吸引自由电子而结合在一起。

金属键可看作高度离域的共价键,但没有饱和性和方向性。

金属键的显著特征是成键电子可在整个聚集体中流动,这使金属呈现出特有的属性:良好的导热性和导电性、高的热容和熵值、延展性和金属光泽等。

分子键(molecule bond)惰性气体分子间是靠分子键结合的,其实质是分子偶极矩间的库仑相互作用,这种结合键较弱。

其分子间相互作用力为范德华力。

氢键(hydrogen bond)一个与电负性高的原子X共价结合的氢原子(X-H)带有部分正电荷,能再与另一个电负性高的原子(如Y)结合,形成一个聚集体X-H…Y的化学结合作用。

X、Y原子的电负性越大、半径越小, 则形成的氢键越强。

例如,F-H…F是最强的氢键。

氢键表面上有饱和性和方向性:一个H原子只能与两个其他原子结合,X-H…Y要尽可能成直线。

但氢键H…Y之间的作用主要是离子性的,呈现的方向性和饱和性主要是由X和Y之间的库仑斥力决定的。

氢键可以在分子内形成,称为内氢键;也可以在两个分子之间形成。

分子间的氢键可使很多分子结合起来,形成链状、环状、层状或立体的网络结构。

氢键的键能比较小,通常只有17~25千焦/摩尔。

但氢键的形成对物质的性质有显著影响,例如使熔点和沸点升高;溶质与溶剂之间形成氢键,使溶解度增大;在核磁共振谱中氢键使有关质子的化学位移移向低场;在红外光谱中氢键X-H…Y的形成使X-H的特征振动频率变小并伴有带的加宽和强度的增加;氢键的形成决定蛋白质分子的构象,在生物体中起重要的作用。

晶体(crystal)微粒(原子、分子或离子) 在空间呈三维周期性规则排列的固体。

自然界的物质有3种存在形态,即气体、液体和固体, 固体物质又有晶体和非晶态之分,例如玻璃是非晶态物质。

固体物质中绝大多数都是晶体,如金属、合金、硅酸盐,大多数无机化合物和一些有机化合物,甚至植物纤维都是晶体。

有些晶体具有规则的多面体外形,如水晶,称为单晶体;有些则没有规则整齐的外形,如金属,整个固体是由许多取向随机的微小单晶颗粒组合而成,这样的固体称为多晶体。

晶体的一切性质无不与其内部结构有三维周期性这个特征密切相关,如晶体具有固定的熔点、各向异性、对称性、能使X射线发生衍射。

固体物质是否为晶体,一般用X射线衍射法予以鉴定。

另外,晶体还具有对称性。

准晶(Quasicrystal)准晶是同时具有长程准周期平移性和非晶体学旋转对称性的固态有序相。

准周期性和非晶体学对称性构成了准晶结构的核心特征。

非晶(amorphism)与晶体不同,非晶体原子排列是短程有序、长程无序,固体的性能是各向同性的。

液晶(liquid crystal)液晶态是介于三维有序晶态与无序晶态之间的一种中间态。

在热力学上是稳定的,它既具有液体的易流动性,又具有晶体的双折射等各向异性的特征。

处于液晶态的物质,其分子排列存在位置上的无序性,但在取向上仍有一维或二维的长程有序性,因此液晶又可称为“位置无序晶体”或“取向有序液体”。

液晶材料都是有机化合物,有小分子也有高分子,其数量已近万种,通常将其分为二大类,热致液晶和溶致液晶。

热致液晶只在一定温度范围内呈现液晶态,即这种物质的晶体在加热熔化形成各向同性的液体之前形成液晶相。

热致液晶又有许多类型,主要有向列型、近晶型和胆甾型。

溶致液晶是一种只有在溶于某种溶质中才呈现液晶态的物质。

基元(element)组成晶体的原子、离子、分子或原子团统称称为晶体的基本结构单元,简称基元。

点阵(lattice)晶体基元周期性排列的点的集合,它就称为“晶格”(或点阵),这些点被称为格点。

因此,可以说晶体的结构是由组成晶体的基元加上空间点阵来决定的。

晶胞(crystal cell)晶胞是晶体的基本结构单位。

反映晶体结构三维周期性的晶格将晶体划分为一个个彼此互相并置而等同的平行六面体,即为晶胞。

晶胞包括两个要素:一是晶胞的大小、型式;另一是晶胞的内容,前者主要指晶胞参数的大小,即平行六面体的边长a 、b、c和夹角α、β、γ的大小, 以及与晶胞对应的空间点阵型式,即属于简单格子P 还是带心格子I、F或C等;后者主要指晶胞中有哪些原子、离子以及它们在晶胞中的分布位置等。

面心立方结构(fcc——face-centered-cubic),体心立方结构(bcc——body-centered-cubic)和密排六方结构(hcp——hexagonal close-packed)金属所具有的典型晶体结构为面心立方结构(fcc)(图2-27),体心立方结构(bcc)(图2-28)和密排六方结构(hcp)(图2-29),皆属于立方结构晶系。

具有面心立方结构的常见金属有: γ-Fe 、Al、Ni、Cu、Ag、Au、Pt,等具有体心立方结构的常见金属有:β-Ti、V、Cr、α-Fe、β-Zr、Nb、Mo、Ta、W等具有密排六方结构的常见金属有:α-Ti、α-Zr、Co、Mg、Zn等离子键(ionic bond )离子键是通过异性电荷之间的吸引产生的化学结合作用,又称电价键。

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