课件高中英语语法精讲之表语从句
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I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
引导词的用法（一）
1. that 1) that 在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意
义，一般不能省略 2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,
chemistry.
宾语从句
•
The
trouble
is
that
he
has
never
表语从句
done the work before.
The news that the plane would take off on time made
everybody happy. ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu位语从句
在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表 语从句。它位于主句的系动词am , is,
（主语） + （系动词） + 引导词 + 简单句
What I want to say is that I am tired
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
观察思考：
指出句子成分
Henry was an American businessman.
主语 连系动词
表语
Henry met an American businessman.
表语从句引导词注意事项
1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3. 除that外的所有引导词都有自
己的意义。 4. 除that, whether外的所有引
导词都须在从句中充当相应的 成分
5.表语从句中，从句用陈述句语 序
引导词的用法（三）
what 在表语从句中充当__主__语__、__宾__语__或__表语 表示_什__么__，__什__么__样__子__，__或__所__…__的__（___人. 或事）
1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be . 3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.
reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导
, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为：
The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. The reason is that……
他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没 赶上火车。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning （当主语是reason时，表语从句 要用that引导而不是because）
主语+连系动词（look /seem /appear…） +that/as if从句
•*as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事 实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符， 就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时，从句就 用一般过去时，be变成were。主句是一
般过去时，从句用过去完成时)。
• It looks as if he were her own father. (与事实不符)
引导词的用法（四）
who 在表语从句中充当 _主__语_、__宾_语__或__表_语__表示_谁___.
1. The problem is who could do the work
2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.
引导词的用法（五）
which 在引导表语从句时,常充当 ___定__语__,_表__语___ 表示 其中哪一个 。如：
引导词的用法（五）
whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当 句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如: 1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 2. The question is whether it is worth doing.
•He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill. 他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。
例句： (1) That’s because he didn’t
understand me. 那是因为他不理解我。(强调原因）
(2) That’s why he got angry with me .
那正是他对我生气的原因。（强调结果）
连接代词who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever,连接 副词where, when, how
(1) The problem is who we can get to replace her.
Why were you absent from the meeting ? Was it because you were ill?
你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？
that, why 与 because 引导表语从句时 的区别
•三者均可引导表语从句，但 that 没有词义， 而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外， 前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：
（表）
The question is who will do it.
（表）
表语从句
可接表语从句的系动词有：
1. be 2. feel, seem, look, appear, sound,
taste, smell 3. stand, lie, remain, keep, stay 4. become, get, grow, turn, go, come,
• Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain.
引导词的用法（二）
because
because引导表语从句通常用于 “This/That/It is because…”结构中。而 且主语一般不用reason。
My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.
suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表 语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原 形”（虚拟语气），should可省略 1) My opinion is that it’s getting better and better. 2) My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
run, fall 5. prove, turn out
例句：
1. 这个故事听起来像是真的。
The story sounds true.
2. 他似乎知道这件事。
He appears to know this.
3. 这些桔子很好吃。
These oranges taste good.
1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. My job is to teach you English. 5. The question is who will do it.
四. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的 表语从句，谓语动词需用"should+动词原形" 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan等。
名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句
主语名词常常是 表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词， 如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news,
advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem,
as if, as though 引导的表 语从句
as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,
seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气， 表示不存在的动作或状态。
e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.
2. 表语从句的构成
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
This is
why he did it.
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复
合句中的表语。
His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 引导词
That is why she was late. 引导词
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
(2) The question is how he did it.
问题是他如何做此事的。
(3) That is where he was born.
那就是他出生的地方。
where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起 连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、 方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。
1.The fact is that our team has won the game. 2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.
填空: The reason why we didn't trust him is __t_h_a_t _ he has often lied．
主语 谓语
宾语
（及物动词）
引导词的用法（一）
1.从属连词as, as if / though引导的表 语从句 He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
That’s where I can’t agree with you.
This is why Sara was late for the meeting.
This is how they overcome the difficulties.
My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
The Predicative Clause 表语从句
Definition
• 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包 括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
• That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
主语从句
• I want to know whether (if) he has passed the
are, was, were, seem, look, taste, remain 等之后，对主语进行解释，说明，使主 语的内容具体化。
The question is who will do it.
表语从句放在连系动词 之后，充当复合句中的表语。
The question is difficult.
•The reason was that you don’t trust her. 原因 是你不信任她。
•The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。
•He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。
引导词的用法（一）
1. that 1) that 在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意
义，一般不能省略 2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,
chemistry.
宾语从句
•
The
trouble
is
that
he
has
never
表语从句
done the work before.
The news that the plane would take off on time made
everybody happy. ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu位语从句
在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表 语从句。它位于主句的系动词am , is,
（主语） + （系动词） + 引导词 + 简单句
What I want to say is that I am tired
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
观察思考：
指出句子成分
Henry was an American businessman.
主语 连系动词
表语
Henry met an American businessman.
表语从句引导词注意事项
1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3. 除that外的所有引导词都有自
己的意义。 4. 除that, whether外的所有引
导词都须在从句中充当相应的 成分
5.表语从句中，从句用陈述句语 序
引导词的用法（三）
what 在表语从句中充当__主__语__、__宾__语__或__表语 表示_什__么__，__什__么__样__子__，__或__所__…__的__（___人. 或事）
1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be . 3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.
reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导
, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为：
The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. The reason is that……
他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没 赶上火车。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning （当主语是reason时，表语从句 要用that引导而不是because）
主语+连系动词（look /seem /appear…） +that/as if从句
•*as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事 实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符， 就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时，从句就 用一般过去时，be变成were。主句是一
般过去时，从句用过去完成时)。
• It looks as if he were her own father. (与事实不符)
引导词的用法（四）
who 在表语从句中充当 _主__语_、__宾_语__或__表_语__表示_谁___.
1. The problem is who could do the work
2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.
引导词的用法（五）
which 在引导表语从句时,常充当 ___定__语__,_表__语___ 表示 其中哪一个 。如：
引导词的用法（五）
whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当 句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如: 1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 2. The question is whether it is worth doing.
•He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill. 他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。
例句： (1) That’s because he didn’t
understand me. 那是因为他不理解我。(强调原因）
(2) That’s why he got angry with me .
那正是他对我生气的原因。（强调结果）
连接代词who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever,连接 副词where, when, how
(1) The problem is who we can get to replace her.
Why were you absent from the meeting ? Was it because you were ill?
你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？
that, why 与 because 引导表语从句时 的区别
•三者均可引导表语从句，但 that 没有词义， 而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外， 前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：
（表）
The question is who will do it.
（表）
表语从句
可接表语从句的系动词有：
1. be 2. feel, seem, look, appear, sound,
taste, smell 3. stand, lie, remain, keep, stay 4. become, get, grow, turn, go, come,
• Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain.
引导词的用法（二）
because
because引导表语从句通常用于 “This/That/It is because…”结构中。而 且主语一般不用reason。
My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.
suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表 语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原 形”（虚拟语气），should可省略 1) My opinion is that it’s getting better and better. 2) My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
run, fall 5. prove, turn out
例句：
1. 这个故事听起来像是真的。
The story sounds true.
2. 他似乎知道这件事。
He appears to know this.
3. 这些桔子很好吃。
These oranges taste good.
1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. My job is to teach you English. 5. The question is who will do it.
四. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的 表语从句，谓语动词需用"should+动词原形" 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan等。
名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句
主语名词常常是 表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词， 如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news,
advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem,
as if, as though 引导的表 语从句
as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,
seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气， 表示不存在的动作或状态。
e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.
2. 表语从句的构成
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
This is
why he did it.
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复
合句中的表语。
His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 引导词
That is why she was late. 引导词
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
(2) The question is how he did it.
问题是他如何做此事的。
(3) That is where he was born.
那就是他出生的地方。
where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起 连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、 方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。
1.The fact is that our team has won the game. 2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.
填空: The reason why we didn't trust him is __t_h_a_t _ he has often lied．
主语 谓语
宾语
（及物动词）
引导词的用法（一）
1.从属连词as, as if / though引导的表 语从句 He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
That’s where I can’t agree with you.
This is why Sara was late for the meeting.
This is how they overcome the difficulties.
My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
The Predicative Clause 表语从句
Definition
• 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包 括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
• That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
主语从句
• I want to know whether (if) he has passed the
are, was, were, seem, look, taste, remain 等之后，对主语进行解释，说明，使主 语的内容具体化。
The question is who will do it.
表语从句放在连系动词 之后，充当复合句中的表语。
The question is difficult.
•The reason was that you don’t trust her. 原因 是你不信任她。
•The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。
•He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。