商业托福考试词汇练习题

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托福词汇时间 题目数

托福词汇时间 题目数

托福词汇时间题目数一、题目。

1. The word "abundant" in the passage is closest in meaning to:A. scarce.B. plentiful.C. rare.D. limited.解析:“abundant”的意思是“丰富的,大量的”。

A选项“scarce”是“稀少的”;C选项“rare”也是“稀少的,罕见的”;D选项“limited”是“有限的”,都与“abundant”意思相反。

B选项“plentiful”表示“丰富的,充足的”,是最接近的意思,所以答案是B。

2. In the context, the word "diverse" could best be replaced by:A. similar.B. various.C. identical.D. uniform.解析:“diverse”的含义是“不同的,多种多样的”。

A选项“similar”是“相似的”;C选项“identical”是“完全相同的”;D选项“uniform”是“一致的,统一的”,都与“diverse”意思相悖。

B选项“various”表示“各种各样的”,与“diverse”意思相近,答案为B。

3. The term "vital" in the sentence is most likely to mean:A. unimportant.B. crucial.C. minor.D. insignificant.解析:“vital”的意思是“至关重要的,生死攸关的”。

A选项“unimportant”是“不重要的”;C选项“minor”是“次要的”;D选项“insignificant”是“无意义的,不重要的”,都与“vital”意思相反。

B选项“crucial”表示“关键的,决定性的”,与“vital”意思相近,答案为B。

2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案

2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案

2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案1. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word “outstanding” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) extensive 广阔的规模大的(B) surprising(C) vertical垂直的'(D) excellent2. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzamden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word “site” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) exle(B) location(C) development(D) characteristic3. The quality of preservation is almostu____atched, and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase “account for ” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) explainThe words “a supremacy” in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggestion(B) an improvement(C) a dominance控制力(D) a development5. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nieenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of 无数的myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.The word “myriad” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) noticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unusual6. Each one was virtually a stone town, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for towns. These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis' supreme achievements. At least a dozenlarge stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico.The word “supreme” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) most mon(B) most outstanding(C) most expensive(D) most convenient7. They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the younger generation.The word “settle” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) sink(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate(A) arriving at(B) carving(C) connecting(D) climbing9. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a 严肃的solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.The word “solemn” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(D) silent10. Certain films had music especially posed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that posed and arranged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.The word “posed” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) selected(B) bined(C) played(D) createdThe word “scores” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) totals(B) successes(C) musical positions(D) groups of musicians11. The Earth 包括prises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth, and the thin,solid-surface crust.The word “prises” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) adapts to(B) benefits from(C) consists of(D) focuses on12. These plates move over the semimolten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense极端的 deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.The word “intense” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rare(D) extreme13. New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for exle, by volcanic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges.The word “margins” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) interiors(D) distances14. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and bee flooded by the sea. TheAtlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates move in opposite directions.The word “support” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) hold15. Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being.The word “appreciation” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ignorance(B) recognition(C) tolerance(D) forgiveness16. An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the pla's dominant, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.The word “bias” is closest in meaning to whichof following?(A) concern(B) disadvantage(C) attitude(D) prejudice17. The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word “prevailing” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) most frequent(B) occasional(C) gentle(D) most dangerous18. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times.The word “accumulated” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dried(B) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated浓缩的脱水的19. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?The phrase “bizarre” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) odd奇怪的(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare20. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water bees too polluted.The phrase “casts off” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) grows again(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weapon21. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is 同性质的homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word “homogeneous” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) uniform正确答案(B) general(C) primitive(D) traditional22. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent inAnglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age.The phrase “largely renounces” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) generally rejects放弃回绝(B) greatly modifies修改(C) loudly declares(D) often criticizes23. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails.劝说流行占优势获胜 Because of these contrasts, “popular” may be viewed as clearly different from “folk”.The word “prevails” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dominates统治(B) provides(C) develops(D) invests24. Conventional puter models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow puters to discern the subtle微妙的细微的 atmospheric changes that precede these storms.The word “subtle” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) plex(B) regular(C) imagined(D) slight25. munications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern puters can quickly pile and analyzing this large volume of weather information.The word “pile” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) put together(B) look up(C) pile堆 high(D) work over检查研究重做毒打26. Meteorologists and puter scientists now work together to design puter programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly.The word “raw” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) stormy(B) inaccurate(C) uncooked(D) unprocessed未经加工的原始的27. People in the United States in the nieenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.The word “Prospect” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) regret(B) possibility(C) theory(D) circumstance28. Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nieenth century, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nieenth centuries. As the population grew, its makeup also changed.The word “roughly” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) harshly 粗糙的(B) surprisingly(C) slowly(D) approximatelyThe word “magnify” is cl osest in meaning to which of following?(A) solve(B) explain(C) analyze(D) increase30.The word “distinctions” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) differences(B) classes(C) acplishments(D) characteristics参考答案:1 D2 B3 D4 C5 B6 B7 C8 D9 B10 D C11 C12 D13 A14 D15 B16 D17 A18 C19 A20 C21 A22 A23 A24 D25 A26 D27 B28 D29 D A30 A。

历年商业托福(托业)考试部分真题题目及答案

历年商业托福(托业)考试部分真题题目及答案

历年商业托福(托业)考试部分真题题目及答案181. (A)In October, the vice president (B)will have (C)been at this company (D)since ten years.182. We (A)need purchase a new set of (B)equipment (C)to speed up the (D)developing and printing process.183. (A)The local bank, (B)along with other (C)financial institutions, (D)are lowering processing fees imposed in cashing a check.184. The amusement park (A)is expected to be very (B)successful (C)because of many special facilities (D)such restaurants and movie theaters.185. If you (A)fill in an (B)applying for a mortgage loan and mail (C)it to us, we will notify you of the result(D)as soon as possible.186. (A)By lowering (B)levels toxic waste disposal, the chemical industries (C)are responding to people's increasing(D)concerns with environment.187. (A)According to the (B)press release, the hotel is planning (C)on invest an additional $ 8 million into (D)marketing and research.188. (A)This new insurance policy will (B)bring you benefits that (C)provides more coverages(D)on property damage.189. For (A)more information, you can visit our website (B)and find the map (C)showing the potential car pool partner's house and (D)work located.190. A memorandum (A)announcing (B)this year's sales goals (C)are posted on (D)the bulletin board of the main office.191. Any employee (A)whose puts in (B)more than five extra hours' work (C)during the holidays will be paid (D)for overtime.192. (A)Every client should be reminded that (B)his credit history can be available (C)by lendingssuch (D) as commercial banks and other financing companies.193. Due to the (A)highest rental rates of houses, (B)more tenants have become (C)interested in home purchase (D)loan programs.194.The biologist (A)which (B)leads the ambitious GenomProject (C)was once awarded the Nobel Science Prize (D)in 2001.195. Every frequent asked question will (A)be answered (B)automatic in accordance (C)with the (D)operating manual.196. The passengers will be (A)dealt politely (B)until we (C)arrange for another flight (D)to pick up them.197. The sales strategy meeting of the (A)marketing division is (B)held here (C)at the first Monday of (D)each month.198. The (A)franchisee will renew the (B)exclusive distributorship of the products (C)upon (D)expire of this con.199. (A)Despite declining revenues, his (B)efficient and enthusiasm (C)helped double the (D)profits at our department.200. The director (A)is casting actor Jill Cosby (B)as a protagonist (C)for the two upcoming blockbusters, both of (D)them will be very successful.。

2023年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题

2023年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题

2023年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题2023年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题1. My pany announced that the workers' ________ ,a regular payment, will increase 5 percent next year.A) salaryB) sacrificeC) sculptureD) scan2. Because I didn't have much time, I gave the menu a quick ________ and chose the chicken.A) salaryB) sacrificeC) sculptureD) scan3. Although she studied in art school, she didn't make enough efforts to study ________.A) salaryB) sacrificeC) sculptureD) scan4. I usually read the sports ________ of the newspaper.A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation5. The ________ of responsibility brought him back to the hospital even though he was afraid of being infected with the contagious disease.A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation6. The ________ from his parents since his childhood is the main cause of his psychological problems.A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation7. A ________ is a person who is paid to work in somebody's house, doing work such as cooking, cleaning, etc..A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation8.In most restaurants, there is 10 ________ charge included in the bill.A) shelterB) serviceC) silenceD) signal9. The food in the restaurant is good, but the________ is bad. They always keep customers waitingtoo long.A) shelterB) serviceC) silenceD) signal10. The officials were rewarded for their ________ to the gover____ent.A) shelterB) servicesC) silenceD) signal1.公司宣布员工的薪水; 一般薪资,将在明年进步百分之五。

商务英语泛读考试复习汇总(单词及词汇题)

商务英语泛读考试复习汇总(单词及词汇题)

二.生词复习内容1.带句子复习Unit One Part A TEXT ADeposit [di'pɔzit] Vt./n. 存款,沉淀Save account 银行账户During a certain week, for example, you may make telephone calls, have your eyeglasses repaired, ride in a taxi, consult your doctor, deposit money in you saving account.The Nile floods the fields and deposits mud on themLaundry ['lɔ:ndri] n. 洗衣店, 洗衣, 要洗的衣服What about the laundry, the television repairman, the plumber?The report on the hospital mentions such desiderata as a supply of clean laundryTransaction [træn'zækʃən] n. 交易, 执行, 办理Business TransactionHad you not helped us, we should have canceled this transactionYacht [jɔt] n./Vt. 游艇/驾游艇, 乘游艇custom-build car 按买主要求制造的汽车Nonessential high-quality goods, such expensive jewelry, yachts, and custom-build cars, are called luxuriesThe yacht hit a rock and damaged her bowsSuspend [səs'pend] Vt. 吊, 悬挂; 暂停, 悬浮, 中止If just one phase of business, such as transportation, were to suspend operations, factories could not ship their products.A curved or sharply bent device, usually of metal, used to catch, drag, suspend, or fasten something elseLay off v.解雇, 停止, 关闭, 休息Soon worker would be laid off because of shutdowns; and with the loss in wages families would have to curtail their buying Why don't you lay off smoking for a while until your cough gets better?Savings bond 储蓄公债One family reported these business activities for a certain day: issued checks to pay automobile insurance and electric bill; bought a rug chairs; mailed a letter to order some books; paid the newsboy; hired a carpenter to repair the window frame; bought a United States savings bond at the bank; left a roll of film at the camera shop; had dinner at a restaurant.Unit Two Part A TEXT APopcorn ['pɔpkɔ:n] n. 爆米花adj. (无艺术含量或智慧的事物)流行的Suppose a farmer recognizes the need for popcorn and decides to grow some.I bought a cup of coke and some popcornstorage warehouse仓库For example, to a storage warehouse and when the warehouse in turn sells it to a supermarket or amusement parkaroma [ə'rəumə] n. 浓香, 香气Marketing occurs most obviously, perhaps, at the movie theater where patrons are greeted with the sight, sound, andaroma of freshly popped corn as they pass into the theaterThe aroma of roasting coffee beansBeauty salon n. 美容院Other business marketing services include beauty salons, insurance agencies, driving schools, emergency care centers, and the telephone companies.snack bar 快餐柜, 小吃店And you will surely come across restaurants and snack bars that provide food and food services such as Kentucky Fried Chicken and Burger KingDon't stay too long at the snack barIntangible [in'tændʒəbl] adj.难以明了的, 无形的n.无形的东西They are intangible and perishable他们是无形的,易消失的The old building have an intangible air of sadness about itBarbecue ['bɑ:bikju:] n.烤肉, 烧烤, 烤架v.烤炙Some stores feature one special kind of food, such as health foods, cheese, or barbecued chickenIf you're not busy Sunday, we'd love to have you both over for a barbecueStationery ['steiʃənəri] n.文具, 信笺As we continue our tour, you may see at least on department store and stores specializing in things such as shoes, jewelry, sporting goods, furniture, stationery, and flowers.The letter is typed on his office stationeryLubrication [lu:bri'keiʃən] n. 润滑Many service stations, for example, sell not only gasoline, oil, and other goods but also lubrication and repair servicesRetail ['ri:teil] n.零售vt.零售, 传述adv.以零售形式adj.零售的The businesses where you and your family buy goods and services are known are retail stores or retailersCould you tell me the retail prices of these shoes?Promote [prə'məut] vt.促进, 提升, 升迁, 发起, 促销Some of these activities are promoting, pricing and distributing-all the activities that help put the goods and services you want and need into your handThe government decided to promote public welfareBillboard ['bilbɔ:d] n. 广告牌vt. 宣传As you continue touring community, the billboard on highways or street encourage you to “Try 7 Up” or “Visit Disneyland”Large billboards have disfigured the sceneryreal estate agent 房地产经纪人cashiers [kæ'ʃiə] n.出纳员, 收银员vt.解职, 丢弃dealer ['di:lə] n.商人, 经销商, 发牌者, 毒品贩子They may be salespeople in department stores, cashiers in supermarkets, ticket sellers in movie theaters, services-station attendants, real estate agents, florists, or automobile dealersA cashier ran away with the day's takingsShe's now firmly established (in business) as an art dealerCopywriter ['kɔpiraitə] n.广告文字撰写人This group includes receiving clerks in a large store, designers of window displays, artists preparing posters, copywriters preparing newspaper ads, and so onDistribution [distri'bju:ʃən] n.分布, 分发, 分配, 散布, 销售量Although marketing is sometimes called” distribution”, the terms actually have different meaningsThe manager tried to even out the distribution of work among his employeesConception [kən'sepʃən] n.概念, 观念, 构想, 怀孕Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organization objectivesI have no conception of what you meanUnit Three Part A TEXT APatronage ['pætrənidʒ] n. 赞助, 光顾, 任免权Product and patronage buying motivesThis orchestra has been established under the patronage of the governmentHay fever花粉热, 干草热For example, the customer who suffers from hay ever may want an air conditioner for the homeHas had hay fever all his lifePollen ['pɔlin] n.花粉vt.授粉给The primary reason for the purchase of the air conditioner is to remove pollen from the air in order to give relief from the symptoms of hay everStamen is in the middle of a flower and may produce pollenUnit Four Part A TEXT APurchase ['pə:tʃəs] vt.购买n.购买, 购买的物品n.紧握,支点Customers will not purchase a product or service until they are convinced that they will benefit from owning that product or serviceYou can rely on your solicitor's professionalism in dealing with the house purchaseConsumption [kən'sʌmpʃən] n.消费, 消耗, 肺痨Our economy is divided into three phases: production, marketing, and consumptionThe meat was condemned as unfit for human consumptionLumber ['lʌmbə] n. 木材, 木料v. 伐木vi. 缓慢地移动vt. 拖累Faming, mining, fishing, lumbering, and manufacturing make up of the production phase of our economyMaterial, such as lumber or tile, used in making floorsWholesaler ['həul'seilə] n.批发商Wholesalers and retailers make up the marking phase of our economyAs you know, we are a well-established firm in the line of textiles, and we enjoy good relations with all the wholesalers, chain stores and distributors in CanadaUnit Five Part A TEXT AEntrepreneur [ɔntrəprə'nə:] n.企业家, 承包商,主办者Two kinds of businessman-heroes have gained wide-spread respect among the people. The first kind is often calls the entrepreneur.He would not have succeeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneurOil refining炼油The men who more than one hundred years ago built up the great industries of the nation, such as steel, railroads, and oil refining, were usually entrepreneursFrontier ['frʌntjə] n.边界, 边境, 尖端, 边缘The fact that these early entrepreneurs built great industries out very little made them seem to millions of Americans like the heroes of the early frontier days who went into the vast wilderness of the United States and turned forest into farms, villages, and small citiesThe frontier ranges from the northern hills to the southern coastrugged ['rʌgid] adj.高低不平的,衣裳褴褛的,粗鲁的, (人)坚毅的, (气候)严酷的, (声音)刺耳的,坚固耐用的The entrepreneur, like the earlier hero of the frontier, was seen as a “rugged individual”The path to glory is always ruggedTheme [θi:m] n.主题, 题目, 主旋律The theme of Alger’s novels is that in the United States a poor city boy or a poor farm boy can become a wealthy and successful businessman if he works hard and relies on himself rather than depending on othersPeace was the dominant theme of the conferenceprevail [pri'veil] vi.盛行, 获胜, 劝说indolence ['indələns] adj.懒散, 懒惰; 无痛This quality marked him for success, explained Alger, because in the boot-blacking business, as well as in the higher vocations, the same rule prevails, that energy and industry are rewarded, and indolence suffersMisty weather prevails in this part of the countryHe got the better of his indolenceInspire [in'spair] vt.鼓舞, 激发, 产生, 赋予...灵感vi.吸入Although Americans today are likely to think that Horatio Alger’s stories are too good to be true, they continue to be inspired by the idea of earning wealth and success as an entrepreneur who makes it on his ownThe sight inspired him with nostalgiaAppeal to对 ... 产生吸引力, 呼吁, 恳求, 申诉A final characteristic of the entrepreneur which appeals to most Americans is his strong dislike of submitting to higher authority (particularly the government)The company is prepared to trade off its up-market image against a stronger appeal to teenage buyersTrait [treit] n.特征, 特点, 少许, 一笔Throughout their history, the American people have had this traitOne of his less attractive traits is criticizing his wife in publicAdmire [əd'maiə] vt.钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕They have strongly admired the entrepreneur who conducts his business and his life without taking orders from anyone above himThey admire her alabaster complexionAcquire [ə'kwaiə] vt.获得, 学到, 取得They acquire power and wealth, but they do not have as strong a hero image as does the entrepreneur, because they are not seen as pure example of American idealsWe admired his intellectual providence to acquire vast stores of dry informationUndisputed ['ʌndis'pju:tid] adj.无可置辩的, 无异议的, 确实的The entrepreneur, on the other hand, was the sole and undisputed captain of his businessOur product has become the undisputed market leaderUnit Six Part A TEXT ASkyscraper ['skaiskreipə] n. 摩天楼, 超高层大楼; 特别高的东西Symphony Orchestra 交响乐团In downtown Detroit there are some fine skyscrapers and expensive restaurants and stores, and right on the edge of the downtown area, facing Canada across the busy Detroit River, is the waterfront, and its civic center, with parks and a concert hall, home of the famous Detroit Symphony OrchestraA new skyscraper has been put up downtownProsperity [prɔs'periti] n. 繁荣, 成功, 幸运This concert hall, called the Ford Auditorium, is a reminder that Detroit owes its rapid growth and one-time prosperity to the automobile, and above all to Henry FordThe increasing sale of luxury goods is an index of the country's prosperitymechanical [mi'kænikəl] adj.机械的, 力学的, 呆板的n.(供制版用的)样书,版面设计At an early age, he showed an interest in mechanical things and dislike for farm workThe new car had to be withdrawn from the market because of a mechanical defectApprentice [ə'prentis] n.学徒, 见习生v.使当学徒In 1879, 16-year-old Ford left home for the nearby city Detroit to work as an apprentice mechanist, although he did occasionally return to help on the farmThe boy was apprenticed to a carpenterOperate ['ɔpəreit] v.操作, 运转, 经营, 动手术During the next few years, Henry divided his time between operating or repairing steam engines, finding occasional work in a Detroit factoryThe new law operates to destroy our advantagesSignify ['signifai] vt.表示, 预示, 意味着, 象征vi.有重要性Conscious ['kɔnʃəs] adj.神志清醒的, 意识到的, 自觉的, 有意的n.意识This event signified a conscious decision on Ford’s part to dedicate his life to industrial pursuitsShe signifies her disagreementI had to make a conscious effort not to be rude to himInternal combustion engine 内燃机His promotion to Chief Engineer in 1893 gave him enough time and money to devote attention to his personal experiments on internal combustion enginesMass-produce [mæsprə'du:s] vt. 大量生产Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but he was the first man to mass-produce it, and thus make it available to the ordinary manDignity ['digniti] n.尊严, 高贵, 端庄Robot ['rəubɔt] n.机器人, 机械呆板的人,自动机,(非洲南部)自动交通信号灯Ford believed in the dignity of work, and did not wish his men to become underpaid robotsThere was something impressive about Julia's quiet dignityThe toy robot moved forward with quick jerky stepsOutskirt ['autskə:t] n.郊区(常用复数)He also built them a special town on the outskirts of the cityThey live on the outskirts (ie in an outlying district) of ParisDisperse [dis'pə:s] v.分散, 散开Now many plants have been dispersed to other parts of the states, and unemployment, particularly among the blacks, has become a serious problemThe police dispersed the crowdGulf [gʌlf] n.海湾, 鸿沟vt.吞没She gets her own oil from the Gulf of Mexico and from Alaska, and from other oil fields still in production in various parts of the USA, but she cannot produce nearly enough to suit her multifarious needsThe president hugged himself with pleasure over the quick withdrawal from the gulf warUnit Seven Part A TEXT ASector ['sektə] n.部门, 部分, 区域n.[计]扇形, 扇区vt.使分成部分Other industries and services, including nearly all commercial and financial services, are owned and controlled by private enterprise, and this sector is called the “private” sectorThere are several sectors unusable in this diskCharacteristic [kæriktə'ristik] n.特点, 特性, 特色adj.典型的, 特有的Each type is suited to certain services, profession and industries, and to small and large units, and so it is necessary to compare and contrast the chief characteristics of each typeHer predominant characteristic is honestyInterior [in'tiəriə] adj.内地的, 国内的, 内部的n.内部, 内在Decorate ['dekəreit] v.装饰, 布置, 装修, 授予某人奖章或其他奖状It is very often found in retailing and in the direct service (such as window-cleaning and interior decorating) The architect laid out the interior of the buildingSeveral soldiers were decorated for braveryAccountant [ə'kauntənt] n.会计人员, 会计师Architect ['ɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师n.【喻】缔造者, 创造者Sometimes the partners bring special skills (such as an accountant in a partnership of architects), and they share the riskThe accountant described his work to the sales staffThe architect was given/presented with a blank cheque to design a new city centreLiability [aiə'biliti] n.责任, 债务, 倾向, 可能性, 不利因素It is the main disadvantage of partnerships that ordinary of general partners have unlimited liability for losses and debtsIf your liabilities exceed your assets, you may go bankruptCollapse [kə'læps] v.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解, 折叠n.倒塌, 崩溃, 暴跌For the very large organizations of modern industry and commerce, the amount of capital needed and the potential losses which might result from collapse are very largeTalks between management and unions have collapsedout of the question adj.不可能的,不值得考虑的Unlimited liability is therefore out of the questionMaximum ['mæksiməm] n.最大量, 最大限度, 最高点adj.最高的, 最大极限的The main difference between private and public limited companies is that there is a restriction on the number of members in a private limited company (maximum fifty), whereas there is no such restriction in a public limited companyThe demonstration was carefully orchestrated to attract maximum publicityTransfer [træns'fə:] v.转移, 调任, 转乘n.迁移, 移动, 换车, 汇兑There are restrictions on the transfer of transfer of shares in a private limited companyHe intends to transfer the property to his sonsubscribe [səb'skraib] vt.认购,订阅, 签名, 支持, 捐赠, 同意The public limited company can appeal to the public to subscribe capital, and so can raise more capital than the private limited companyDo you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?Unit Eight Part A TEXT AParticipated [pɑ:'tisipeit] vi.参加, 参与vt.分享For example, the Alaska pipeline, which carries crude oil from wells in the Alaskan wilderness to tankers waiting offshore, was a hugely expensive project in which eight oil companies participatedI don't want to participate in the English partyArctic Circle n. 北极圈But in the case, the oil fields are located near the Arctic Circle, where frozen ports make year-round ocean transport impossibleI said: "Only the other day the Russians put out that they have discovered huge new diamond fields somewhere inside the Arctic Circle."Bonanza [bəu'nænzə] n.富矿带, 带来好运的事物, 暴富之源And by 1981 crude oil had risen to about $40 a barrel, making the pipeline a bonanza for the ownersIt's been a bonanza (ie very profitable) year for the tourist tradeConglomerate [kən'glɔmərit] n.联合企业, 密集体, 城郊混合区,[地]砾岩vt.使聚集, 使结成,结合Warner, an entertainment conglomerate that produces movies and many of the shows seen on network TVAn American conglomerate holds a major share in the companyDairy ['dɛəri] n.牛奶场, 乳品店, 乳制品, 地方小店adj.牛奶的, 乳制品的In the last decade, they have broadened the scope of their operations considerably, increasing their market shares in dairy products and cotton and movies into food processingThe business of owning and operating a dairy or a dairy farmAt the expense of 以 ... 作为代价在损害...的情况下step up 增加, 加快, 提升, 升高(电压), 站出来The so-called supply co-ops have likewise stepped up their sales to farmer of such necessities as fertilizer, petroleum, and chemical products-all at the expense of industrial competitorsI hope you try to get them to step up productionAverage ['ævəridʒ] n.平均数, 平均水平adj.平均的, 一般的, 通常的v.取平均值, 达到平均水平Levy ['levi] n.征税, 召集vt.征收, 发动vi.强收For example, the profits that co-ops return to their members are currently not subject to federal income tax, so that tax rates for co-ops average only about one-third of those levied on their corporate competitorsTom's work at school is above the averageThe court may have to levy on your estate to pay your debtsBar [bɑː]n. 棒, 条; 闩, 横杠; 条状物; 障碍, 限制#酒吧; 律师界v. 闩住; 阻塞; 封锁; 阻拦In addition, cooperatives are permitted to own manufacturing and other facilities, a practice from which corporations can be barredHe is the best singer in the world, bar noneExclusive [iks'klu:siv] adj.排外的, 独占的, 唯一的, 完整的, 奢华的n.独家新闻, 独权adj. 高价的, 时髦的The franchisor (the corporation) grants the franchisee (the person) the exclusive right to use the franchisor’s name in a certain territory, usually in exchange for an initial fee plus monthly royalty paymentsHe moves in exclusive social circles and belongs to the most exclusive clubsOutlet ['autlet] n.出路, 出口, 通风口, 批发商店, <美>电源插座The franchise operation enables a corporation to establish outlets for its product or service without making enormous capital investmentsHe needs an outlet for all that pent-up anger2.纯生词复习Deposit [di'pɔzit] Vt./n. 存款,沉淀Save account 银行账户Laundry ['lɔ:ndri] n. 洗衣店, 洗衣, 要洗的衣服Transaction [træn'zækʃən] n. 交易, 执行, 办理Yacht [jɔt] n./Vt. 游艇/驾游艇, 乘游艇custom-build car 按买主要求制造的汽车Suspend [səs'pend] Vt. 吊, 悬挂; 暂停, 悬浮, 中止Lay off v.解雇, 停止, 关闭, 休息Savings bond 储蓄公债Popcorn ['pɔpkɔ:n] n. 爆米花adj. (无艺术含量或智慧的事物)流行的storage warehouse 仓库aroma [ə'rəumə] n. 浓香, 香气Beauty salon n. 美容院snack bar 快餐柜, 小吃店Barbecue ['bɑ:bikju:] n.烤肉, 烧烤, 烤架v.烤炙Intangible [in'tændʒəbl] adj.难以明了的, 无形的n.无形的东西Stationery ['steiʃənəri] n.文具, 信笺Lubrication [lu:bri'keiʃən] n. 润滑Retail ['ri:teil] n.零售vt.零售, 传述adv.以零售形式adj.零售的Promote [prə'məut] vt.促进, 提升, 升迁, 发起, 促销Billboard ['bilbɔ:d] n. 广告牌vt. 宣传real estate agent 房地产经纪人Copywriter ['kɔpiraitə] n.广告文字撰写人cashiers [kæ'ʃiə] n.出纳员, 收银员vt.解职, 丢弃dealer ['di:lə] n.商人, 经销商, 发牌者, 毒品贩子Distribution [distri'bju:ʃən] n.分布, 分发, 分配, 散布, 销售量Conception [kən'sepʃən] n.概念, 观念, 构想, 怀孕Patronage ['pætrənidʒ] n. 赞助, 光顾, 任免权Hay fever 花粉热, 干草热Pollen ['pɔlin] n.花粉vt.授粉给Purchase ['pə:tʃəs] vt.购买n.购买, 购买的物品n.紧握,支点Consumption [kən'sʌmpʃən] n.消费, 消耗, 肺痨Lumber ['lʌmbə] n. 木材, 木料v. 伐木vi. 缓慢地移动vt. 拖累Wholesaler ['həul'seilə] n.批发商Entrepreneur [ɔntrəprə'nə:] n.企业家, 承包商,主办者Oil refining 炼油Frontier ['frʌntjə] n.边界, 边境, 尖端, 边缘rugged ['rʌgid] adj.高低不平的,衣裳褴褛的,粗鲁的, (气候)严酷的, (声音)刺耳的,坚固耐用的Theme [θi:m] n.主题, 题目, 主旋律prevail [pri'veil] vi.盛行, 获胜, 劝说indolence ['indələns] adj.懒散, 懒惰; 无痛Inspire [in'spair] vt.鼓舞, 激发, 产生, 赋予...灵感vi.吸入Appeal to 对 ... 产生吸引力, 呼吁, 恳求, 申诉Trait [treit] n.特征, 特点, 少许, 一笔Admire [əd'maiə] vt.钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕Acquire [ə'kwaiə] vt.获得, 学到, 取得Undisputed ['ʌndis'pju:tid] adj.无可置辩的, 无异议的, 确实的Skyscraper ['skaiskreipə] n. 摩天楼, 超高层大楼; 特别高的东西Symphony Orchestra 交响乐团Prosperity [prɔs'periti] n. 繁荣, 成功, 幸运mechanical [mi'kænikəl] adj.机械的, 力学的, 呆板的n.(供制版用的)样书,版面设计Apprentice [ə'prentis] n.学徒, 见习生v.使当学徒Operate ['ɔpəreit] v.操作, 运转, 经营, 动手术Signify ['signifai] vt.表示, 预示, 意味着, 象征vi.有重要性Conscious ['kɔnʃəs] adj.神志清醒的, 意识到的, 自觉的, 有意的n.意识Internal combustion engine 内燃机Mass-produce [mæsprə'du:s] vt. 大量生产Dignity ['digniti] n.尊严, 高贵, 端庄Robot ['rəubɔt] n.机器人, 机械呆板的人,自动机,(非洲南部)自动交通信号灯Outskirt ['autskə:t] n.郊区(常用复数)Disperse [dis'pə:s] v.分散, 散开Gulf [gʌlf] n.海湾, 鸿沟vt.吞没Sector ['sektə] n.部门, 部分, 区域n.[计]扇形, 扇区vt.使分成部分Characteristic [kæriktə'ristik] n.特点, 特性, 特色adj.典型的, 特有的Interior [in'tiəriə] adj.内地的, 国内的, 内部的n.内部, 内在Decorate ['dekəreit] v.装饰, 布置, 装修, 授予某人奖章或其他奖状Accountant [ə'kauntənt] n.会计人员, 会计师Architect ['ɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师n.【喻】缔造者, 创造者Liability [aiə'biliti] n.责任, 债务, 倾向, 可能性, 不利因素Collapse [kə'læps] v.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解, 折叠n.倒塌, 崩溃, 暴跌out of the question adj.不可能的,不值得考虑的Maximum ['mæksiməm] n.最大量, 最大限度, 最高点adj.最高的, 最大极限的Transfer [træns'fə:] v.转移, 调任, 转乘n.迁移, 移动, 换车, 汇兑subscribe [səb'skraib] vt.认购,订阅, 签名, 支持, 捐赠, 同意Participated [pɑ:'tisipeit] vi.参加, 参与vt.分享Arctic Circle n. 北极圈Bonanza [bəu'nænzə] n.富矿带, 带来好运的事物, 暴富之源Conglomerate [kən'glɔmərit] n.联合企业, 密集体, 城郊混合区,[地]砾岩vt.使聚集, 使结成,结合Dairy ['dɛəri] n.牛奶场, 乳品店, 乳制品, 地方小店adj.牛奶的, 乳制品的At the expense of 以 ... 作为代价在损害...的情况下step up 增加, 加快, 提升, 升高(电压), 站出来Average ['ævəridʒ] n.平均数, 平均水平adj.平均的, 一般的, 通常的v.达到平均水平Levy ['levi] n.征税, 召集vt.征收, 发动vi.强收Bar [bɑː] n. 棒, 条; 闩, 横杠; 条状物; 障碍v. 闩住; 阻塞; 封锁; 阻拦Exclusive [iks'klu:siv] adj.排外的, 独占的, 奢华的n.独家新闻, 独权adj. 高价的, 时髦的Outlet ['autlet] n.出路, 出口, 通风口, 批发商店, <美>电源插座一.词汇题汇总复习(10+10+8+8+10+8+10+9)1. Mail a letter to order some books (ask for订购)2. What line of business is he in (area 部份)3. At this time you probably would have difficulty in giv ing a clear-cut explanation of business (definite 清楚的)4. Each of these instances illustrates the meaning of business (explains解释)5. Few families keep on hand enough food and other essentials for more than a brief period (short 短的)6. If just one phase of business, such as transportation, were to suspend operations (aspect 方面)7. And with the loss in wages, families would have to curtail their buying (cut down 削减)8. and the nation are functioning smoothly can there be prosperity for everyone (wealth 繁荣)9. For the business owner business activities offer the opportunity to render a services (provide 提供)10. Because it furnishes the things we use (supplies 提供)11. Some products are used …tools an auto mechanic uses in servicing a car (examining and repairing 检修)12. The patrons are greeted at the movie theatre with the sight, sound, and aroma…(customer 顾客)13. Services are intangible and perishable (unendurable不能持久的)14.Your first glimpse of marketing on our imaginary tour may be a store that sells food (quick look 快速看)15. Some stores feature one special kind of food, such as health foods, cheese, or…. (specialize in 限制)16.Some of these activ ities are promoting, pricing, distributing (fix ing the price 定价)17. Drive back to down and you may see a new car-wash… take advantage of the bargain (discount 折扣)18. Activities like buying gasoline for one’s car or purchasing a book are business transactions (dealing 交易)19. Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception (carrying out 实现)20. Market is the process to bring about exchanges that satisfy individual … objectives (goals 目标)21. Primary buying…select one type, kind, or class of merchandise or serv ice rather another (commodities 商品)22. The primary reason for the purchase of the air conditioner is to remove pollen from the air (buying 购买)23. The primary reason is to remove p… to give relief from the symptoms of hay fever (changes in body 症状)24. There are many reasons for…price quality, versatility, convenience, durability (multi-uses 多功能)25. A customer …may rationalize that the old one is no longer effective (justify the purchase by thinking购买依据)26. Such as a disposable blade razor (a blade razor that is used once and then thrown away 一次性刀片)27. Customers often act on impulse (without planning in advance 冲动的,无提前计划)28. The salesperson who is … with a strong conviction toward the product must…(belief信服)29. You had to use selling skills to persuade the owner to let you use it (beg earnestly 真诚的劝服)30. You are trying to convince people that you have good ideas and will provide…(Cause … to believe使…确信)31. You can purchase a pair of jeans from a department store ... a women’s or men’s apparel shop (clothing 衣服)32. You ... a specialty store or a discount store (a store where special kinds of products are available特种商店)33. … you need to be familiar with some basic facts about each segment of the American economy (part 部份)34. The role of selling in our society is to identify and provide the goods and …. ( find out 找到)35. When a business’s sales decline, the company usually reduces the number of its employees (decrease 降低)36. They should offer sincere, honest, friendly, and courteous service to customers (polite 有礼貌的)37. The organization man is seen as… of American values but still commands great respect (call forth嬴)38. They ended as the heads of huge companies which earned enormous fortunes (money 财富)39. The heroes of the early frontier days went into the vast wildness of the United State…(wasteland 荒地)40. The entrepreneur, like the earlier hero of the frontier was seen as a “rugged individual”(tough 艰难的)41. The central theme of Alger’s novels is about the rise of a city or farm boy“from rags to riches” (subject 主题)42. Dick was a hard-working shoeshine boy, energetic and on the alert for business (watchful 注意)43. Energy and industry are rewarded, and indolence suffers (continual hard work勤劳)44. They continue to be inspired by the idea of earning wealth and success as an entrepreneur… (influenced影响)45. What appeals to most Americans it the entrepreneur’s strong dislike of submitting to higher… (y ielding 屈服)46. The entrepreneur was the sole and undisputed captain of his business (accepted 公认的)47. Detroit has some of the most beautiful…some of the most shocking slums (poor neighborhoods 贫民窟)48. Right on the edge of the downtown area is the waterfront of the city (border 边缘)49. Model A was much more comfortable than the open, wind-swept Model T (exposed to the wind 被风吹的)50. General Motors , is an amalgamation of Chevrolet, Cadillac, Oldsmobile and Buick (combination 结合)51. In an oil crisis an outsized car is disadvantage (a car larger than its kind 一个大号的)52. US cannot produce nearly enough to suit her multifarious needs (many and varied—both A and B多样性)53. The total mileage traveled by American motorists in one year is about one … miles (distance in miles 英时数)54. As part of the program of energy conservation….they can only take unleaded gas (gas without lead 除铅)55. The type of business unit which is described is sole trader (or sale proprietor) is one … (owner 所有者)56. The type of sole trader business is often found in retailing …. (Selling small quantities of goods 零售)57. A partner who contributes more capital will receive a bigger share of the profits (invest 投资)58. In “limited” partnerships, a partner can limit his liability to the amount he contributes (responsibility 责任)59. Another disadvantage of partnerships is that conflict between partners can wreck the company (ruin 破坏)60. For the very large organization of modern…needed and the potential losses which might … (possible 可能的)61. This guarantees that the people who invest in the company will not more than the amount… (promises 担保)62. The public limited company can appeal to the public to subscribe capital (request要求)。

商业托福(托业)历年真题题目及答案新

商业托福(托业)历年真题题目及答案新

商业托福(托业)历年真题题目及答案Part VDirection : In this part of the test has incomplete sentences. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D) are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark on your answer sheet.101. For several years now, we have seen a marked in attendance and exhibitions at thePCB design conferences.(A) increase (B) increased (C) increasing (D) TO increase102. Make sure that transportation to and from the river is arranged to your .(A) satisfactory (B) satisfaction (C) satisfy (D) to satisfy103. The imposing that will soon be Rand Corporation's R ----- we will have to look for another supplier.(A) unless(B) excepting (C) maybe (D) otherwise127. Unemployment is -------- low that companies may soon be unable to find workers without increasing wages.(A) such (B) very (C) so (D) despite128. The design EXPO had ----- high attendance last year that it willbe moved to a larger location this year.(A) so (B) such (C) much (D) too129. ------- the rain is expected, everything is ready for the grand opening of the gallery(A) Except that (B) According to (C) Since (D) Aside from130. The store will be set for business by the end of the month--------the contractors are able to complete the remodeling by this weekend.(A) these (B) if (C) them (D) so131. Neither the sales------ the profit is expected to increase in the next quarter.(A) any (B) or (C) nor (D) but132. The _______ carefully you write, the fewer mistakes you will make.(A) much (B) most (C) more (D) many133. There are far more game shows on TV __________ there used to be.(A) than (B) as (C) that (D) or134. You will need _______ more money to buy such a gorgeous dress.(A) much (B) a lot of (C) very (D) a great many135 The clay must be packed into the mold as ------- as possible to prevent air pockets from forming.(A) tighter (B) tighten (C) tightly (D) tightness136 In the survey of 2.000 youths aged twelve to seventeenth, twice as many said they could talk more easily to their mothers than to their fathers.(A) easiest (B) more easily(C) easily (D)most easily137. $200.00 will be presented to the graduate who has attained the------grade point average in the entire department(A) high (B) higher (C) highest (D) highly138. Mr. Stone has the------ attendance record at the retraining programs held at the headquarters(A) poor (B) poorer (C) poorest (D) poorly139. The director think that the qualification of the new designer are as------ as the others on the team.(A) credibility (B) credible (C) credibly (D) more crediable140. Ben's Delivery is the _____ messenger service in town(A)faster (B)fastest (C) most fastest (D)more fast141. The position used to be obtained _____ in the past than it is now(A)harder (B)hard (C)the harder (D)the hardest142. That was one of the _____ business conferences the representative had ever attended.(A)bad (B)worst (C)worse (D)more bad143. The new employee will be likely to be _____ his predecessor.(A)popular (B)as popular as (C)as popular (D)popular than144. When my visitor --------, will you please call me?(A) will arrive (B) arrives (C) arrived (D) is arriving145. Denny-------- his first job with us five years ago.(A) will arrive (B) arrives (C) arrived (D) is arriving146. I ------ all members by tomorrow night.(A) contacted (B) contacts (C) has contacted (D) will have contacted147. Investors --------- fascinated by the stock market for a long time.(A) is being (B) has been (C) are being (D) have been148. Mr. Franklin ------- as the most likely successor to the position of CEO since he was elected vice president last October.(A) saw (B) was seen (C) has been seen (D) has seen149. The union leader were informed that the workers on thestrike------.(A) fired (B) is fired (C) had fired (D) had been fired150. If you get your bank to generate a money order, it usually______ conversion fees.(A) charge (B) charges (C) charging (D) is charging151. Since this morning, city workers traffic signs in the roads using special paint to avoid repainting every year.(A) were painting (B) had painted (C) have been painted (D) have painted152. International stock markets, including those in Britain, Germany, Hong Kong and Japanyesterday in response to the partial recovery of US markets.(A) rise (B) rises (C) rose (D) risen153. He us since Henry went to America.(A) visits (B) visited (C) will visit (D) has visited154. Last quarter the rate of inflation ___________ by 10 percent.(A) rose (B) raised (C) has risen (D) was risen155. We ________ to establish a friendly relationship with that country for two years.(A) try (B) are trying (C) have tried (D) will tried156. Inspection will be _____ Saturday at 7 A.M.(A) at(B) to(C) for(D) on157. We regret that the savings will be consumed ________ noon tomorrow.(A) with(B) by(C) in)(D) from158. _______ terms of quality and service, our company surpasses the competition.(A) In(B) From(C) By(D) With159. The sales meeting will be held _______ Busan in May.(A) to(B) at(C) in(D) on160. The supplies cannot be ordered ________ next Monday.(A) within(B) until(C) at(D) toPart VIDirection : I this part of the test161. The officials responsible for (A)running this office(B)represented the United States in (C)the Supreme Court and provided legal (D)advices to the President.162. Ben survived the (A)first round of (B)layoffs (C)despite having been employed for (D)lesser than a year.163. (A)From the (B)past three years, Bob Smith (C)has been the (D)head of the international department.164. (A)Each of the managers (B)receive a(C)copy of the(D)company's policies and procedures.165. If you (A)would have studied the problem more (B)carefully, you would (C)have found thesolution (D)more quickly.166. (A)Although a new computer, Model CX-2, (B)seemed like a good investment (C)for their company, they decided not to buy (D)them.167. To protect herself (A)against robbery, Ellen had (B)a company (C)installed a new burglary (D)alarm.168. I wonder (A)how she manage (B)to get along(C)on(D)so cheap a salary.169. (A)With the advent of satellite transmission of photographs of the (B)earth's atmosphere, forecasting the weather has become a(C)relative exact (D)science.170. There (A)were intense competition (B)between the (C)rival companies (D)to get the contract.171. There is (A)some disagreement between (B)my parents and I about which job I should (C)take.172. The index of (A)leading economic indicators, which (B)are intended to forecast economic activity about six months (C)into the future, dropped (D)5 percent last month.173. In his role as (A)facilitator of all operations, he invariably (B)coordinating the running (C)of the building's (D)various systems.174. (A)In spite of the fact that he was late for the meeting, the boss(B)having (C)nothing but praise (D)for his last few months' performance.175. He studied economics when (A)their study was not common, and he (B)later (C)went on to distinguish himself (D)in the field.176. Neither Sam Atkins (A)nor Henry Miller, sales representatives for the company, presented (B)their summaries of sales (C)before the deadline (D)for doing so.177. Neither of the two candidates (A)who had (B)applied for admission (C)to the Industrial Engineering Department (D)were eligible for scholarships.178. One (A)out of (B)every eight balloons (C)in the world (D)are launched in Albuquerque, New Mexico179. (A)There are a range of (B)effects pushing and pulling the climate (C)in opposite (D)directions; no one fully understands these interactions.180. (A)Whether or not Sam’s understanding of social conflicts (B)are in any way scientific (C)remains(D)a vexing question.181. (A)In October, the vice president (B)will have (C)been at this company (D)since ten years.182. We (A)need purchase a new set of (B)equipment (C)to speed up the (D)developing and printing process.183. (A)The local bank, (B)along with other (C)financial institutions, (D)are lowering processing fees imposed in cashing a check.184. The amusement park (A)is expected to be very (B)successful (C)because of many special facilities (D)such restaurants and movie theaters.185. If you (A)fill in an (B)applying for a mortgage loan and mail (C)it to us, we will notify you of the result(D)as soon as possible.186. (A)By lowering (B)levels toxic waste disposal, the chemical industries (C)are responding to people's increasing (D)concerns with environment.187. (A)According to the (B)press release, the hotel is planning (C)on invest an additional $ 8 million into (D)marketing and research.188. (A)This new insurance policy will (B)bring you benefits that (C)provides more coverages(D)on property damage.189. For (A)more information, you can visit our website (B)and find the map (C)showing the potential car pool partner's house and (D)work located.190. A memorandum (A)announcing (B)this year's sales goals (C)are posted on (D)the bulletin board of the main office.191. Any employee (A)whose puts in (B)more than five extra hours' work (C)during the holidays will be paid (D)for overtime.192. (A)Every client should be reminded that (B)his credit history can be available (C)by lendingssuch (D) as commercial banks and other financing companies.193. Due to the (A)highest rental rates of houses, (B)more tenants have become (C)interested in home purchase (D)loan programs.194.The biologist (A)which (B)leads the ambitious Genom Project(C)was once awarded the Nobel Science Prize (D)in 2022.195. Every frequent asked question will (A)be answered(B)automatic in accordance (C)with the (D)operating manual.196. The passengers will be (A)dealt politely (B)until we (C)arrange for another flight (D)to pick up them.197. The sales strategy meeting of the (A)marketing division is (B)held here (C)at the first Monday of (D)each month.198. The (A)franchisee will renew the (B)exclusive distributorship of the products (C)upon (D)expire of this con.199. (A)Despite declining revenues, his (B)efficient and enthusiasm (C)helped double the (D)profits at our department.200. The director (A)is casting actor Jill Cosby (B)as a protagonist (C)for the two upcoming blockbusters, both of (D)them will be very successful.文档内容到此结束,欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。

(完整版)历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)

(完整版)历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)

TOEFL词汇题精选440题001. Most of these leaders were invo Ived in public life as reformers, activists worki ng for wome n's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary wome n.The word "represe ntative" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) typical(B) satisfied(C) supportive(D) dist in ctive002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffa ny (1843-1933) was the most noted exp onent of this style, produc ing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) valued(B) uni versal(C) un com mon(D) preserved003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 un til 1915, although its in flue nce continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eve ntually to be overtake n by a new school of thought known as Fun cti on alism that had bee n prese nt since the tur n of the cen tury.The word "overtake n" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) surpassed(B) in cli ned(C) expressed(D) applied004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like n ormal glaciers, traveli ng perhaps only a couple of in ches per day. However, at in tervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster tha n usual.The word "in tervals" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) records(B) speeds(C) dista nces(D) periods 005. The in creas ing water pressure un der the glacier might lift it off its bed, overco ming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders dow nhill surge glaciers also might be in flue need by the climate, volca nic heat, or earthquakes.The word "free ing" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) push ing(B) releas ing(C) stre ngthe ning(D) draining006. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge in to the ocea n, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in moti on a vicious cycle.The word "pl un ge" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) drop(B) exte nd(C) melt(D) drift007. Group members look to in strume ntal leaders to "get thi ngs don e." Expressive leadership, on the other han d, is leadership that emphasizes thecollective well-being of asocial group's members.The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) n ecessary(B) typical(C) group(D) particular 008. They offer sympathy whe n some one experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipli ne, are quick to lighte n a serious mome nt with humor, and try to resolve issues that threate n to divide the group. The word "resolve" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) avoid repeat ing(B) talk about(C) avoid thi nking about(D) find a solution for 009. Thousa nds of tons were extracted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil rema ins. Major excavati ons were un dertake n that established the sig nifica nee of this remarkable site.The word "no ticed" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) observed 010. Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5 million from inv ertebrates, have bee n recovered, ofte n in den sely concen tratecta ngled masses.The word "ta ngled" is closest in mea ning to which of follow ing?(A) buried ben eath(B) twisted together(C) quickly formed(D) easily dated011. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would often have bee n con cealed by leaves and dust. The word "con cealed" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) highlighted(B) covered(C) tran sformed(D) con tami nated012. The ocea n bottom --- a regi on n early 2.5 times greater tha n the total la nd area of the Earth --- is a vast frontier that even today is largely un explored and un charted, un til about a cen tury ago, the deep-ocea n floor was completely in accessible, hidde n ben eath waters averagi ng over 3,600 meters deep.The word "in accessible" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) un recog ni zable(B) un reachable(C) unu sable(D) un safe013. The DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challe nger, was able to maintain a steady positi on on the ocea n's surface and drill in very deep waters,extracting samples of sedime nts and rock from the ocea n floor. The word "extracting" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) breaki ng(B) locat ing(C) rem oving(D) an alyz ing014. Today, largely on thestrength of evide nee gathered duri ng the Glomar Challenger's voyages, n early all earth seientists agree on the theories of plate teet onics and eon ti nen tal drift that expla in many of the geological processes that shape the Earth. The word "stre ngth" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) basis(B) purpose(C) discovery(D) en dura nee015. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Can ada's populati on passed the 20 milli on mark. Most of this surg ing growth came from n atural in crease.The word "surg ing" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) new(B) extra(C) accelerat ing(D) surpris ing 016. Whe n the prairies were being settled, un doubtedly, the good econo mic eon diti ons of the 1950's supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an in crease in the average size of families. The word "tre nd" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) tendency(B) aim(C) growth(D) directive017. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Can ada bega n to deeli ne. It eon ti nued falling until in 1966, it stood at the lowest level in 25 years.The word "peak" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) poin ted(B) dismal(C) moun ta in(D) maximum018. Although the growth in Ca nada's populati on had slowed dow n by 1966 (the in crease the first half of the 1960's was only nine perce nt) , ano ther large populati on wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the childre n who were born during the period of the high birth rateprior to 1957.The phrase "prior to" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) behi nd(B) since(C) duri ng(D) precedi ng 019. Advocates of orga nic foods --- a term whose meaning varies greatly --- freque ntly proclaim that such products are safer and more nu tritious tha n others.The word "Advocates" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) Prop onents(B) Mercha nts(C) In spectors(D) Con sumers020. There are nu mero usun substa ntiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to syn thetic on es, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that un treated grains are better tha n fumigated grains, and the like.The word "un substa ntiated" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) un believable(B) uncon tested(C) un popular(D) unv erified021. But in many cases con sumers are misled if they believe orga nic foods can maintain health and provide better nu triti onal quality tha n conven ti on ally grown foods. So there is real cause for concern if con sumers, particularly those with limited in comes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expe nsive orga nic foods in stead.The word "mai ntai n" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) improve(B) mon itor(C) preserve(D) restore022. I n additi on, there were performers and since con siderable importa nee was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "con siderable" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) thoughtful(B) substa ntial(C) relatio nal(D) cere monial023. I n additi on, there were performers and since con siderable importa nee was attached to avoidi ng mistakes in thee nactme nt of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task.The word "en actme nt" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) establishme nt(B) performa nee(C) authorizati on(D) season024. Stagger ing tasks confron ted the people of the United States, North and South, when the Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilia n life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy. The word "Staggeri ng" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) specialized(B) confusing(C) various(D) overwhel ming025. About a millio n and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilia n life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word "devastated" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) develop ing(B) rui ned(C) complicated(D) fragile026. Some bota ni sts hypothesized that the livi ng cells of pla nts acted as pumps. But many experime ntsdem on strated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights. The word "dem on strated" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) ignored(B) showed(C) disguised(D) disti nguished027. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a n egative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water movi ng from in side the pla nt in un broke n colu mns thatexte nd from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these un broke n colu mns of water.The word "exte nd" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) stretch(B) branch(C) in crease(D) rotate028. By ope ning vast areas of uno ccupied land for reside ntial expa nsion, the omni buses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more dista nt from city centers than they were in the premodern era. The word "vast" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) large(B) basic(C) new(D) urba n029. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosi on of real estate developme nt and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new reside ntial lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outly ing areas.The word "sparked" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) brought about(B) surro un ded(C) sent out(D) followed030. An xious to take adva ntage of the possibilities of commut ing, real estate developers added 800,00(jbote ntial building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years-lots that could have housed five to six million people.The word "pote ntial" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) certa in(B) popular(C) improved(D) possible031. The quality of preservati on is outstanding , but what is even more impressive is the nu mber of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word "outsta nding" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) exte nsive(B) surpris ing(C) vertical(D) excelle nt032. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have bee n reported from 6 differe nt levels of the shale in a small area around Holzamde n, suggest ing that a specificsite was used by large nu mbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word "site" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) example(B) locati on(C) developme nt(D) characteristic033. The quality of preservati on is almost unm atched, and quarry operati ons have bee n carried out carefully with an aware ness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not acco unt for the in terest ing questi on of how there came to be such a concen trati on of preg nant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase "acco unt for " is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) expla in034.In the seve ntee nth cen tury the orga n, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief in strume nts of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the pia no suppla nted them at the end of the eightee nth cen tury.The words "a supremacy" in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggesti on(B) an improveme nt(C) a dominance(D) a developme nt 035. A series of mecha ni cal improveme nts continuing well into the nin etee nth cen tury, in cludi ng the in troducti on of pedals to susta in tone or to softe n it, the perfecti on of a metal frame, and steel wire of the fin est quality, fin ally produced an instrume nt capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harm onies to an almost orchestral full ness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brillianee. The word "myriad" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) no ticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unu sual036. Each one was virtually a stone tow n, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for tow ns. These pueblos represe nt one of the An asazis' supreme achieveme nts. At least a doze n large stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in n orthwest New Mexico.The word "supreme" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) most com mon(B) most outsta nding(C) most expe nsive(D) most convenient037. They fun cti oned as san ctuaries where the elders met to pla n festivals, perform ritual dan ces,settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the youn ger gen erati on. The word "settle" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) si nk(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate 038. Then, to conn ect the pueblos and to give access to the surro unding tablela nd, the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases forasce nding cliff faces.The word "asce nding" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) arriv ing at (B) carv ing(C) conn ect ing(D) climbi ng039. Within a very short time, however, the incon gruity of playi ng lively music to a sole mn film became appare nt, and film pia ni sts bega n to take some care in matchi ng their pieces to the mood of the film.The word "sole mn" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(D) sile nt(D) extreme040. Certai n films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early specialscores was that composed and arra nged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.The word "composed" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) selected(B) comb ined(C) played(D) createdThe word "scores" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) totals(B) successes(C) musical compositi ons(D) groups of musicia nsc 041. The Earthcomprises three prin cipal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust.The word "comprises" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) adapts to(B) ben efits from(C) con sists of(D) focuses ond 042. These plates move over the semimolte n lower man tle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformati on occurs are confined to the n arrow, in terc onn ect ing boun daries of con tact of the plates.The word "inten se" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rarea 043. New ocea nic crust is formed along one or moremarg ins of each plate by material issu ing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example, by volca nic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges. The word "marg ins" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) in teriors(D) dista nces d 044. If at such a spread ing con tact the two plates support con ti nen ts, a rift is formed that will gradually wide n and become flooded by the sea. The Atla ntic Ocea n formed like this as the American and Afro- Europea n plates move in opposite directi ons. The word "support" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) hold d 045. Coin cide nt with concerns about the accelerati ng loss of species and habitats has bee n a grow in gappreciati on of the importa nee of biological diversity, the nu mber of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and huma n well- be in g.The word "appreciati on" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) ignorance(B) recog niti on(C) tolera nee(D) forgive nessd 046. An alie n explori ng Earth would probably give priority to the pla net's dominant, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Huma ns have abias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly exam ining global issues.The word "bias" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) concern(B) disadva ntage(C) attitude(D) prejudice047. The prevailing winds in the Great Basi n are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocea n is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word "prevaili ng" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) most freque nt(B) occasi onal(C) gen tle(D) most dan gerous048. There seem to have bee n several periods with in the last tens of thousa nds of years whe n wateraccumulated in these bas ins. The rise and fall of the lakes were un doubtedly lin ked to the adva nces and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North America n con ti nent duri ng those times. The word "accumulated" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) dried(B) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated049. All livi ng creature, especially huma n bein gs, have their peculiarities, but everyth ing about the little sea cucumber seems unu sual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other ecce ntricities, eats mud, feeds almost continu ously day and ni ght but can live without eating for long periods, and can be pois onous but is con sidered supremely edible by gourmets?The phrase "bizarre" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) odd(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare050. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It alsocasts off attached structures such as ten tacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and rege nerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surro unding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted. The phrase "casts off" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) grows aga in(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weap on051. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, con servative, n early self-sufficie nt group that is homoge neous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word "homoge neous" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) uniform(B) gen eral(C) primitive(D) traditio nal052. Un altered folk cultures no Ion ger exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Can ada. Perhaps the n earest moder n equivale nt in An glo-America is the Amish, a Germa n America n farmi ng sect that largely renoun ces the products and labor sav ing devices of the in dustrial age. The phrase "largely renoun ces" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) gen erally rejects(B) greatly modifies(C) loudly declares(D) often criticizes053. Secular in stituti ons, of con trol such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economprevails . Because of these con trasts, "popular" may be viewed as clearly different from "folk". The word "prevails" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) domin ates(B) provides(C) develops(D) inv ests054. Conven ti onal computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicti ng short-lived local storms like the Edm onton tor nado, because the available weather data are gen erally not detailed eno ugh to allow computers to discer n thesubtle atmospheric cha nges that precede these storms.The word "subtle" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) complex(B) regular(C) imagi ned(D) slight055. Com mun icatio ns satellites can tran smit data around the world cheaply and in sta ntan eously, and moder n computers can quickly compile and an alyz ing this large volume of weather in formati on.The word "compile" is closest in mea ning to which of follow ing?(A) put together(B) look up(C) pile high(D) work over056. Meteorologists and computer scie ntists now work together to desig n computer programs and video equipme nt capable of tran sformi ng raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can in terpret easily and quickly. The word "raw" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing? (A) stormy(B) in accurate(C) uncooked(D) un processed057. People in the United States in the nin etee nth cen tury were haun ted by the prospect that un precede nted cha nge in the nation's economy would bring social chaos. The word "Prospect" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) regret(B) possibility(C) theory(D) circumsta nee058. Although the birth rate continued to decli ne from its high level of the eightee nth and early nineteenth century, the population roughly doubled every gen eratio n duri ng the rest of the nin etee nth cen turies. As the populati on grew, its makeup also cha nged. The word "roughly" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) harshly(B) surpris in gly(C) slowly(D) approximately059. Rapid in dustrializati on and in creased geographic mobility in the nin etee nth century had special implications for women because these cha nges ten ded toag nify social distinctions . As the roles men and wome n played in society became more rigidly defi ned, so did the roles they played in the home.The word "mag nify" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) solve(B) expla in(C) an alyze(D) in creaseThe word "dist in cti ons" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) differe nces(B) classes(C) accomplishme nts(D) characteristics060.In scie nee, a theory is a reas on able expla nati on of observed eve nts that are related. A theory ofte n invo Ives an imagi nary model that helps scie ntists picture the way an observed eve nt could be produced. The word "related" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) conn ected(B) described(C) completed(D) ide ntified061. If observati on s con firm the scie ntists' predicti ons, the theory issupported. The word "supported" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) fin ished(B) adjusted(C) inv estigated(D) upheld cities. Ice was used in hotels, taver ns, and hospitals, and by someforward-look ing city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. The phrase "forward-looking" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) progressive(B) popular(C) thrifty(D) well-established063. Making an efficie nt icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nin etee nth cen tury, the kno wledge of the physics of heat, which was esse ntial to a science of refrigeration, wasrudimentary. The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) grow ing(B) un developed(C) n ecessary(D) unin terest ing064. Aside from perpetuat ing itself, thesole purpose of the America n Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to "foster, assist and susta in an in terest" in literature, music, and art.The word "sole" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) only(B) hono rable(C) com mon(D) official065. One awardsubsidizes a promis ing American writer's visit to Rome. There is eve n an award for a very good work of fiction that failed commercially-once won by the young Joh n Updike for The Poorhouse Fair and, more rece ntly, by Alice 10Walker for In Love and Trouble.The word "subsidizes" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) assures(B) finan ces(C) schedules(D) publishes066. Committee membershiprotates every year, so that new voices and opinions are con sta ntly heard.The word "rotates" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) alter nates(B) participates(C) decides(D) meets 067. One importa nt line of evide nee comes from flak ing patter ns of sto ne cores used in tool making: implements flaked with a clockwise moti on (in dicat ing a right-ha nded toolmaker) can be distinguished from hose flaked with a coun ter-clockwise rotati on (in dicat ing a left-ha nded toolmaker).The word "impleme nts" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) tools(B) desig ns(C) examples(D) pieces 068. Even scratches found on fossil huma n teeth offer clues. An cie nt huma ns are thought to have cut meat into strips by holding it between their teeth and slicing it with sto ne kni ves, as do the prese nt-day In uit.The word "clues" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) solutio ns(B) details(C) damage(D) in formatio n069. The variatio n betwee n thehemispheres corresp onds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities. Such studies, as well as studies of tool use, in dicate that right-or left-sided dominance is not exclusive to moder n Homo sapie ns. The word "hemispheres" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) differe nces(B) sides(C) activities(D) studies070. Pla nts aresubject to attack and in fecti on by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mecha ni sms desig ned to frustrate the potential colonists.The phrase "subject to" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) susceptible to(B) classified by(C) attractive to(D) stre ngthe ned by071. The exter nal surfaces of pla nts, in additi on to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either preve nt feedi ng by in sects or may everp un cture and kill in sect larvae.The word "pun cture" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) pierce(B) pin ch(C) surro und(D) cover072. Orchids are unique in hav ing the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usual male and female reproductive。

历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案).pdf

历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案).pdf

TOEFL词汇题精选440题001. Most of these leaders were involved inpublic life as reformers, activists working forwomen's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinarywomen.The word "representative" is closest inmeaning to which of following?(A) typical(B) satisfied(C) supportive(D) distinctive002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) valued(B) universal(C) uncommon(D) preserved003. The Art Nouveau style was a major forcein the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning towhich of following?(A) surpassed(B) inclined(C) expressed(D) applied004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) records(B) speeds(C) distances(D) periods005. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes.The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pushing(B) releasing(C) strengthening(D) draining006. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) drop(B) extend(C) melt(D) drift007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members.The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) necessary(B) typical(C) group(D) particular008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a seriousmoment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.The word "resolve" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) avoid repeating(B) talk about(C) avoid thinking about(D) find a solution for009. Thousands of tons were extracted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil remains. Major excavations were undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable site.The word "noticed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) observed010. Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5 million from invertebrates, have been recovered, often in densely concentrated tangled masses.The word "tangled" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) buried beneath(B) twisted together(C) quickly formed(D) easily dated011. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.The word "concealed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) highlighted(B) covered(C) transformed(D) contaminated012. The ocean bottom --- a region nearly 2. 5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth --- is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted, until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. The word "inaccessible" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) unrecognizable(B) unreachable(C) unusable(D) unsafe013. The DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.The word "extracting" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) breaking(B) locating(C) removing(D) analyzing014. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.The word "strength" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) basis(B) purpose(C) discovery(D) endurance015. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canada's population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.The word "surging" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) new(B) extra(C) accelerating(D) surprising016. When the prairies were being settled, undoubtedly, the good economic conditions of the 1950's supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.The word "trend" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) tendency(B) aim(C) growth(D) directive017. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966, it stood at the lowest level in 25 years.The word "peak" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pointed(B) dismal(C) mountain(D) maximum018. Although the growth in Canada's population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase the first half of the 1960's was only nine percent) , another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.The phrase "prior to" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) behind(B) since(C) during(D) preceding019. Advocates of organic foods --- a term whose meaning varies greatly --- frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.The word "Advocates" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) Proponents(B) Merchants(C) Inspectors(D) Consumers020. There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains, and the like. The word "unsubstantiated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) unbelievable(B) uncontested(C) unpopular(D) unverified021. But in many cases consumers are misled if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods. So there is real cause for concern if consumers, particularly those with limited incomes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expensive organic foods instead.The word "maintain" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) improve(B) monitor(C) preserve(D) restore022. In addition, there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "considerable" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) thoughtful(B) substantial(C) relational(D) ceremonial023. In addition, there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "enactment" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) establishment(B) performance(C) authorization(D) season024. Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States, North and South, when the Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word "Staggering" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) specialized(B) confusing(C) various(D) overwhelming025. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word "devastated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) developing(B) ruined(C) complicated(D) fragile026. Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps. But many experiments demonstrated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights.The word "demonstrated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ignored(B) showed(C) disguised(D) distinguished027. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a negative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water.The word "extend" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) stretch(B) branch(C) increase(D) rotate028. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the premodern era.The word "vast" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) large(B) basic(C) new(D) urban029. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas.The word "sparked" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) brought about(B) surrounded(C) sent out(D) followed030. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years-lots that could have housed five to six million people.The word "potential" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) certain(B) popular(C) improved(D) possible031. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word "outstanding" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) extensive(B) surprising(C) vertical(D) excellent032. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in asmall area around Holzamden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word "site" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) example(B) location(C) development(D) characteristic033. The quality of preservation is almost unmatched, and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase "account for " is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) explain034. In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century.The words "a supremacy" in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggestion(B) an improvement(C) a dominance(D) a development035. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.The word "myriad" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) noticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unusual036. Each one was virtually a stone town, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for towns. These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis' supreme achievements. At least a dozen large stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico.The word "supreme" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) most common(B) most outstanding(C) most expensive(D) most convenient037. They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the younger generation.The word "settle" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) sink(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate038. Then, to connect the pueblos and to give access to the surrounding tableland, the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces.The word "ascending" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) arriving at(B) carving(C) connecting(D) climbing039. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.The word "solemn" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(D) silent040. Certain films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.The word "composed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) selected(B) combined(C) played(D) createdThe word "scores" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) totals(B) successes(C) musical compositions(D) groups of musicians041. The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust.The word "comprises" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) adapts to(B) benefits from(C) consists of(D) focuses on042. These plates move over the semimolten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.The word "intense" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rare(D) extreme043. New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges. The word "margins" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) interiors(D) distances044. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates move in opposite directions.The word "support" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) hold045. Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. The word "appreciation" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ignorance(B) recognition(C) tolerance(D) forgiveness046. An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.The word "bias" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) concern(B) disadvantage(C) attitude(D) prejudice047. The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word "prevailing" is closest in meaning towhich of following?(A) most frequent(B) occasional(C) gentle(D) most dangerous048. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times. The word "accumulated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dried(B) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated049. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?The phrase "bizarre" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) odd(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare050. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.The phrase "casts off" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) grows again(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weapon 051. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word "homogeneous" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) uniform(B) general(C) primitive(D) traditional052. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in Anglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age.The phrase "largely renounces" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) generally rejects(B) greatly modifies(C) loudly declares(D) often criticizes053. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, "popular" may be viewed as clearly different from "folk".The word "prevails" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dominates(B) provides(C) develops(D) invests054. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms.The word "subtle" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) complex(B) regular(C) imagined(D) slight055. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information.The word "compile" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) put together(B) look up(C) pile high(D) work over056. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. The word "raw" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) stormy(B) inaccurate(C) uncooked(D) unprocessed057. People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos. The word "Prospect" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) regret(B) possibility(C) theory(D) circumstance058. Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nineteenth centuries. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. The word "roughly" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) harshly(B) surprisingly (C) slowly(D) approximately059. Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions. As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home.The word "magnify" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) solve(B) explain(C) analyze(D) increaseThe word "distinctions" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) differences(B) classes(C) accomplishments(D) characteristics060. In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced.The word "related" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) connected(B) described(C) completed(D) identified061. If observations confirm the scientists' predictions, the theory is supported.The word "supported" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) finished(B) adjusted(C) investigated(D) upheld062. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. The phrase "forward-looking" is closest inmeaning to which of following?(A) progressive(B) popular(C) thrifty(D) well-established063. Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary.The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) growing(B) undeveloped(C) necessary(D) uninteresting064. Aside from perpetuating itself, the sole purpose of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to "foster, assist and sustain an interest" in literature, music, and art.The word "sole" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) only(B) honorable(C) common(D) official065. One award subsidizes a promising American writer's visit to Rome. There is even an award for a very good work of fiction that failed commercially-once won by the young John Updike for The Poorhouse Fair and, more recently, by Alice Walker for In Love and Trouble.The word "subsidizes" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) assures(B) finances(C) schedules(D) publishes066. Committee membership rotates every year, so that new voices and opinions are constantly heard.The word "rotates" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) alternates (B) participates(C) decides(D) meets067. One important line of evidence comes from flaking patterns of stone cores used in tool making: implements flaked with a clockwise motion (indicating a right-handed toolmaker) can be distinguished from hose flaked with a counter-clockwise rotation (indicating a left-handed toolmaker) .The word "implements" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) tools(B) designs(C) examples(D) pieces068. Even scratches found on fossil human teeth offer clues. Ancient humans are thought to have cut meat into strips by holding it between their teeth and slicing it with stone knives, as do the present-day Inuit.The word "clues" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) solutions(B) details(C) damage(D) information069. The variation between the hemispheres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities. Such studies, as well as studies of tool use, indicate that right-or left-sided dominance is not exclusive to modern Homo sapiens.The word "hemispheres" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) differences(B) sides(C) activities(D) studies070. Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists.The phrase "subject to" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) susceptible to(B) classified by(C) attractive to(D) strengthened by071. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae.The word "puncture" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pierce(B) pinch(C) surround(D) cover072. Orchids are unique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usual male and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called the column. The word "fused" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) combined(B) hidden(C) fertilized(D) produced073. To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids use appropriately intriguing shapes, colors, and scents. At least 50 different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended to attract one, or at most a few, species of insects or birds.The word "lure" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) attract(B) recognize(C) follow(D) help074. Once the right insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed.The word "placed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) estimated (B) measured(C) deposited(D) identified075. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors.The word "discrete" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) complicated(B) separate(C) inoffensive(D) functional076. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of schoolchildren rose because of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the flood.The word "overtaxed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) well prepared(B) plentifully supplied(C) heavily burdened(D) charged too much077. Therefore, in the 1950's and 1960's, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the "custodial rhetoric" of the 1930's and early 1940's no longer made sense; that is, keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high priority for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children aged five to sixteen.The word "inadequate" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) deficient(B) expanded(C) innovative(D) specialized078. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower。

历年商业托福真题考试及答案.doc

历年商业托福真题考试及答案.doc

历年商业托福真题考试及答案Part VDirection : In this part of the test has incomplete sentences.Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D) are givenbeneath each sentence. You are to choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find thenumber of the question and mark on your answer sheet.101.For several years now, we have seen a marked in attendance and exhibitions at the PCB design conferences.(A) increase (B) increased (C) increasing (D) TO increase102.Make sure that transportation to and from the riveris arranged to your .(A)satisfactory (B) satisfaction (C) satisfy (D) tosatisfy103. The imposing that will soon be Rand Corporation‘s R&D center was renovated by the highly admired designerHaewook Lee.(A) structural (B) structure (C) structurally (D)in structural104. Employees may receive 50% tuition reimbursement forjob- related courses taken with a supervisor‘s .(A) approves (B) approval (C) approve (D) to approve105.Mr. Hui, a freelance writer here at ESS Newspapers,has impeccable for the position of senior editor.(A)qualified (B) qualifications (C) qualify (D) bequalified106.Because of an illness is much cheaper than treatment, the local health clinic will be offering free fluvaccinations this weekend.(A) prevention (B) prevent (C) to prevent B) prevented107.Legal experts have presented that the DNA samples and fingerprints match.(A) evident (B) evidence (C) evidently (D) to evident108.Mach Corp. has a system that allows clients to manage to employees ‘ files.(A)access (B) accessible (C) to accessible (D) accessibly109.The average listener will not be able to notice any between audio CD and MP3 files.(A)differences (B) different (C) differently (D) ofdifferent110. Without your , we cannot guarantee your room after 6 p.m.A) confirm B) confirming C) confirmation D) confirmative111.of countries belonging to GATT approved the agreement yesterday in Geneva.A)Represents B) Representations C) Representatives D) Representing112.Officials of the Sydney head of office will hold a conference to talk about goals for the next ten years.A) them B) their C) theirs D) they113.As a customer service representative, Mrs. Lee triedto solve complaints from customers before asking for ______ supervisor ‘s advice.(A) she B) her C) hers D) herself114 Mr. Alfred and I extend thanks to those that have helped this project in the past.(A) us (B) ours (C) our (D) ourselves115.Pioneer Corp. is considering--------- the releaseof the new equipment scheduled for later this month.(A)postponing (B) postpone (C) to postpone (D) postponement116. The company ‘s business plan includes---------- revenue from magazine and event promotions designed tohelp recruiters find qualified applicants.(A) draw (B) drawing (C) to draw (D) drawer117. This guideline is intended to -------- informationabout our databases and to provide a clear definition of how these database get updated and who has responsibilities(A) clarification (B) classified (C) cleared (D) clarify118.As of July 7, basic monthly telephone service will increase by $1.50 due to the new federal telecommunicationtax, -------- state-to-state long-distance rates willdecrease an average of 10 percent.(A) otherwise (B) therefore (C) however (D) in additionto119.He makes $20 an hour, has more work than he can handle.(A) and (B) than (C) so (D) but120.Their products are known not only for theirlow price, __________ for their high quality.(A) but (B) but also (C) and also (D) as well as121.Our order of high-speed computers is scheduledto arrive __________ today or tomorrow.(A) or (B) on (C) both (D) either122._________ Jane and Mary like different things, they are great friends.(A) Since (B) Despite (C) For (D) Although123.This rural town has __________ small population that the mail carrier knows where everyone lives.(A) too (B) a so (C) very (D) such a124._______ the president is going to say in his speech tonight will affect all of us.(A) What (B) That (C) So (D) While125.It matters little who finds the truth ------ thetruth is found.(A) because (B) so that (C) so long as (D) as126.The order must be delivered by Tuesday; -----we will have to look for another supplier.(A) unless(B) excepting (C) maybe (D) otherwise127.Unemployment is -------- low that companies may soon be unable to find workers without increasing wages.(A) such (B) very (C) so (D) despite128.The design EXPO had ----- high attendance last year that it will be moved to a larger location this year.(A) so (B) such (C) much (D) too129.------- the rain is expected, everything isready for the grand opening of the gallery(A) Except that (B) According to (C) Since (D) Aside from130.The store will be set for business by the end of the month-------- the contractors are able to complete the remodeling by this weekend.(A) these (B) if (C) them (D) so131.Neither the sales------ the profit is expectedto increase in the next quarter.(A) any (B) or (C) nor (D) but132.The _______ carefully you write, the fewer mistakes you will make.(A) much (B) most (C) more (D) many133.There are far more game shows on TV __________ there used to be.(A) than (B) as (C) that (D) or134.You will need _______ more money to buy sucha gorgeous dress.(A) much (B) a lot of (C) very (D) a great many135 The clay must be packed into the mold as -------as possible to prevent air pockets from forming.(A) tighter (B) tighten (C) tightly (D) tightness136 In the survey of 2.000 youths aged twelve to seventeenth, twice as many said they could talk more easilyto their mothers than to their fathers.(A) easiest (B) more easily (C) easily (D)most easily137.$200.00 will be presented to the graduate whohas attained the------grade point average in the entiredepartment(A) high (B) higher (C) highest (D) highly138.Mr. Stone has the------ attendance record at the retraining programs held at the headquarters(A) poor (B) poorer (C) poorest (D) poorly139.The director think that the qualification of thenew designer are as------ as the others on the team.(A)credibility (B) credible (C) credibly (D)more crediable140. Ben ‘s Delivery is the _____ messenger service in town(A)faster (B)fastest (C) most fastest (D)more fast141.The position used to be obtained _____ in thepast than it is now(A)harder (B)hard (C)the harder (D)the hardest142.That was one of the _____ business conferencesthe representative had ever attended.(A)bad (B)worst (C)worse (D)more bad143.The new employee will be likely to be _____his predecessor.(A)popular (B)as popular as (C)as popular (D)popular than144.When my visitor --------, will you please call me?(A) will arrive (B) arrives (C) arrived (D) is arriving145.Denny-------- his first job with us five years ago.(A)will arrive (B) arrives (C) arrived (D) is arriving146. I ------ all members by tomorrow night.(A)contacted (B) contacts (C) has contacted (D)will have contacted147.Investors --------- fascinated by the stockmarket for a long time.(A) is being (B) has been (C) are being (D) have been148.Mr. Franklin ------- as the most likely successor to the position of CEO since he was elected vice president last October.(A) saw (B) was seen (C) has been seen (D) has seen149.The union leader were informed that the workers on the strike------.(A) fired (B) is fired (C) had fired (D) had been fired150.If you get your bank to generate a money order, it usually ______ conversion fees.(A) charge (B) charges (C) charging (D) is charging151.Since this morning, city workers traffic signs in the roads using special paint to avoid repainting every year.(A)were painting (B) had painted (C) have been painted (D)have painted152.International stock markets, including those in Britain, Germany, Hong Kong and Japanyesterday in response to the partial recovery of US markets.(A) rise (B) rises (C) rose (D) risen153. He us since Henry went to America.(A) visits (B) visited (C) will visit (D) has visitedst quarter the rate of inflation ___________ by 10 percent.(A) rose (B) raised (C) has risen (D) was risen155.We ________ to establish a friendly relationshipwith that country for two years.(A) try (B) are trying (C) have tried (D) will tried156.Inspection will be _____ Saturday at 7 A.M.(A) at(B) to(C) for(D) on157.We regret that the savings will be consumed ________ noon tomorrow.(A) with(B) by(C) in)(D) from158._______ terms of quality and service, our company surpasses the competition.(A) In(B) From(C) By(D) With159. The sales meeting will be held _______ Busan in May.(A) to(B) at(C) in(D) on160.The supplies cannot be ordered ________ next Monday.(A) within(B) until(C) at(D) toPart VIDirection : I this part of the test161.The officials responsible for (A)running this office (B)represented the United States in (C)the Supreme Courtand provided legal (D)advices to the President.162.Ben survived the (A)first round of (B)layoffs(C)despite having been employed for (D)lesser than a year.163.(A)From the (B)past three years, Bob Smith (C)has been the (D)head of the international department.164.(A)Each of the managers (B)receive a(C)copy ofthe (D)company‘s policies and procedures.165.If you (A)would have studied the problemmore (B)carefully, you would (C)have found thesolution (D)more quickly.166.(A)Although a new computer, Model CX-2, (B)seemed like a good investment (C)for their company, they decided notto buy (D)them.167.To protect herself (A)against robbery, Ellen had(B)a company (C)installed a new burglary (D)alarm.168.I wonder (A)how she manage (B)to getalong(C)on(D)so cheap a salary.169.(A)With the advent of satellite transmission of photographs of the (B)earth‘s atmosphere, forecasting the weather has become a (C)relative exact (D)science.170.There (A)were intense competition (B)between the (C)rival companies (D)to get the contract.171.There is (A)some disagreement between (B)my parents and I about which job I should (C)take.172.The index of (A)leading economic indicators, which (B)are intended to forecast economic activity about sixmonths (C)into the future, dropped (D)5 percent last month.173. In his role as (A)facilitator of all operations, heinvariably (B)coordinat ing the running (C)of the building ‘s (D)various systems.174.(A)In spite of the fact that he was late for themeeting, the boss (B)having (C)nothing but praise (D)for hislast few months‘ performance.175.He studied economics when (A)their study wasnot common, and he (B)later (C)went on to distinguishhimself (D)in the field.176.Neither Sam Atkins (A)nor Henry Miller, sales representatives for the company, presented (B)theirsummaries of sales (C)before the deadline (D)for doing so.177.Neither of the two candidates (A)who had(B)applied for admission (C)to the Industrial Engineering Department (D)were eligible for scholarships.178.One (A)out of (B)every eight balloons (C)in theworld (D)are launched in Albuquerque, New Mexico179.(A)There are a range of (B)effects pushingand pulling the climate (C)in opposite (D)directions; noone fully understands these interactions.180.(A)Whether or not Sam ’s understanding of social conflicts (B)are in any way scientific (C)remains(D)a vexing question.181.(A)In October, the vice president (B)willhave (C)been at this company (D)since ten years.182.We (A)need purchase a new set of (B)equipment(C)to speed up the (D)developing and printing process.183.(A)The local bank, (B)along with other (C)financial institutions, (D)are lowering processing fees imposed incashing a check.184.The amusement park (A)is expected to be very(B)successful (C)because of many special facilities(D)such restaurants and movie theaters.185.If you (A)fill in an (B)applying for a mortgageloan and mail (C)it to us, we will notify you of theresult(D)as soon as possible.186.(A)By lowering (B)levels toxic waste disposal, the chemical industries (C)are responding to people‘s increasing (D)concerns with environment.187.(A)According to the (B)press release, the hotel isplanning (C)on invest an additional $ 8 million into(D)marketing and research.188.(A)This new insurance policy will (B)bringyou benefits that (C)provides more coverages(D)on property damage.189.For (A)more information, you can visit ourwebsite (B)and find the map (C)showing the potential carpool partner ‘s house and (D)work located.‘s sales 190. A memorandum (A)announcing (B)this yeargoals (C)are posted on (D)the bulletin board of themain office.191.Any employee (A)whose puts in (B)more than five extra hours ‘ work (C)during the holidays will be paid (D)for overtime.192.(A)Every client should be reminded that (B)his credit history can be available (C)by lendingssuch (D)as commercial banks and other financing companies.193.Due to the (A)highest rental rates of houses,(B)more tenants have become (C)interested in home purchase (D)loan programs.194.The biologist (A)which (B)leads the ambitious Genom Project (C)was once awarded the Nobel Science Prize (D)in 2001.195.Every frequent asked question will (A)be answered (B)automatic in accordance (C)with the (D)operating manual.196.The passengers will be (A)dealt politely (B)untilwe (C)arrange for another flight (D)to pick up them.197.The sales strategy meeting of the (A)marketing division is (B)held here (C)at the first Monday of (D)each month.198.The (A)franchisee will renew the (B)exclusive distributorship of the products (C)upon (D)expire of this con.199.(A)Despite declining revenues, his (B)efficient and enthusiasm (C)helped double the (D)profits at our department.200.The director (A)is casting actor Jill Cosby (B)as a protagonist (C)for the two upcoming blockbusters, both of (D)them will be very successful.D151152153154155156157158159160181.(D) since ---> for182.(A) purchase ---> to purchase 183.(D) are ---> is184.(D) such ---> such as185.(B) applying ---> application 186.(B) levels ---> levels of 187.(C) on ---> to188.(C) provides ---> provide 189.(D) located ---> location 190.(C) are ---> is191.(A) whose ---> who192.(C) lendings ---> lenders 193.(A) highest ---> high(er) 194.(A) which ---> who195.(B) automatic ---> automatically 196.(A) dealt ---> dealt with197.(C) at ---> on198.(D) expire ---> expiration 199.(B) efficient ---> efficiency 200.(D) them ---> which。

2023年商业托福考试词汇语法模拟试题训练

2023年商业托福考试词汇语法模拟试题训练

2023年商业托福考试词汇语法模拟试题训练2023年商业托福考试词汇语法模拟试题训练1.The factory must be torn down because it is not allowed in _______ area.A) residentialB) remoteC) riskyD) ridiculous2.The cowboy looked ________ in that strange-looking hat.A) residentialB) remoteC) riskyD) ridiculous3. It's too ______ to do the bungee jumping from the cliff.A) residentialB) remoteC) riskyD) ridiculous4.Don't believe him. What he said just now was_______.A) sacredB) rubbishC) secretD) satisfied5. Both the Bible and the Koran are regarded as________ books.A) sacredB) rubbishC) secretD) satisfied6. The teacher was not ________ with my history report. She asked me to rewrite it.A) sacredB) rubbishC) secretD) satisfied7. Tom loves his English teacher but dare not tell her the truth. He is a ________ admirer of her.A) sacredB) rubbishC) secretD) satisfied8.Tim doesn't like to eat beef, so his wife_______ makes steak.A) self-evidentB) seldomC) sentimentalD) sensitive9. The need for reform was ________ . No wonder a large number of people came up with their opinions.A) self-evidentB) seldomC) sentimentalD) sensitive10. Mr. White always wears sunglasses because his eyes are ________ to light.A) self-evidentB) seldomC) sentimentalD) sensitive1.这工厂必须撤除,因为在住宅区禁设工厂。

商业托福考试词汇备考习题

商业托福考试词汇备考习题

商业托福考试词汇备考习题商业托福考试词汇备考习题热爱书籍吧!请相信:它是一切大厦和纪念碑的基石,它是一切栋梁之材的'根系。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的商业托福考试词汇备考习题,希望能给大家带来帮助!1.abbr. describing something that can be left out isn't required(a) I.P.O.(b) PIN(c) etc.(d) N/A2.abbr. numeral; mathematical value or its symbol; unit in a series; part(a) PR(b) no.(c) Ph.D.(d) plc3.abbr. legally established as a corporation(a) A.O.B.(b) Inc.(c) C.F.O.(d) Ltd.4.abbr. cash payment to be made upon receipt of products or goods(a) AOL(b) C.O.D.(c) I.O.U.(d) G.N.P.5.abbr. firm, company that is organized in such a way as togive its owners limited liability(a) Ltd.(b) hr(c) ASAP(d) plc正确答案:dbbba1.adv. exactly; accurately; definitely; certainly; surely(a) perhaps(b) good(c) consciously(d) precisely2.adj. pertaining to the commercial center of a city(a) downtown(b) yearly(c) beneficent(d) compatible3.adv. simply; in an unembellished manner; clearly(a) plain(b) smoothly(c) tight(d) drastically4.adv. after all others; finally; at the end; most recently(a) last(b) plain(c) entirely(d) miserably5.adv. sturdily; steadily; assertively; in a determined manner(a) last(b) firm(c) ahead(d) certainly正确答案:aaab【商业托福考试词汇备考习题】。

12年商业托福测试词汇练习模拟考题(四)

12年商业托福测试词汇练习模拟考题(四)

12年商业托福测试词汇练习模拟考题(四)-21. You should follow security procedures especially when you’resending confidential documents or files -----.(A) electrical(B) electricity(C) electronic(D) electronically22. These figures look promising but I have some ----- concerninghow the sales projections were calculated.(A)appointments(B) questions(C) agreements(D) assignments23. ----- an employee has been employed for at least 20 years, he isentitled to take an early retirement package.(A) That(B) Therefore(C) Instead(D) After24. Special effects and superb choreography made last night’s playquite -----.(A) excited(B) exciting(C) excitedly(D) excitement25. When they ----- their hotel, they will be given a handbook withinformation about the convention and the sights and facilities ofthe city.(A) ride(B) reach(C) arrive(D) go26. They admitted liability for the property damage to the store butrefused ----- that they should pay compensation for lost sales.(A) to agree(B) agreeing(C) agreement(D) agreed27. Because the boss has to leave town on an emergency, the -----Friday morning meeting has been rescheduled for Monday.(A) regular(B) regularly(C) regularize(D) regularity28. For the fourth year in a row, Mr. Henry ----- by the mayor forhis community service.(A) honor(B) was honored(C) has honored(D) to honor29. The police department has narrowed ----- itslist of suspects tothose people who own a late model blue mini-van.(A) by(B) from(C) down(D) into30. The castle is the ----- setting for the horror story because itis supposedly haunted by ghosts.(A) perfectly(B) perfect(C) perfection(D) perfected。

商务英语词汇理解考试练习题

商务英语词汇理解考试练习题

商务英语词汇理解考试练习题商务英语词汇理解考试练习题Good advice is beyond all price.忠告是无价宝。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的商务英语词汇理解考试练习题,希望能给大家带来帮助!1 We need a great ( ) of coal for this coming winter.a.empireb.pitc.bubbled.bulk2 To his great ( ) he passed the examination easily.a.delightb.despairc.facultyd.convenience3 There was not enough ( ) to prove his guilty of crime.a.facultyb.evidencec.conflictd.police4 Though he didn't have much money to give,he was very ( ) with his money.a.curiousb.magnificentc.generousd.neutral5 They built a ( ) in memory of Abraham Lincoln.a.monumentb.cemeteryc.freightd.majesty参考答案:1.正确答案:d 题目翻译:冬天来了我需要一大堆的煤.选项翻译:a.帝国b.坑c.泡泡d.堆2.正确答案:a 题目翻译:他轻松的通过了考试让他非常高兴.选项翻译:a.高兴b.消失d.能力c.方便3.正确答案:b 题目翻译:没有足够的证据证明他犯了罪.选项翻译:a.能力b.证据c.斗争d.警察4.正确答案:c 题目翻译:尽管他没有多少钱给,但他对钱还是很慷慨的.选项翻译:a.好奇的b.壮丽的c.慷慨的.d.中立的5.正确答案:a 题目翻译:他们为纪念林肯建造了纪念碑.选项翻译:a.纪念物b.仪式c.货物d.庄严的完整拼出下列句中空格处的单词,注意:是完整拼出.1. It is r( )e to say you don't like hot food, when she spends so long preparing it. 不礼貌的2. He seemed to s( )n women and never married. 藐视3. He becomes very t( )e when he gets drunk. 多话的4. His a( )e toward school changed from dislike to great enthusiasm. 态度5. He is a memeber of the college f( )y. 教职员参考答案:1. 正确答案:rude 题目翻译:当她花了很多时间准备,你说不喜欢热的食物是粗鲁的.2. 正确答案:scorn 题目翻译:他轻视妇女没有结婚.3. 正确答案:talkative 题目翻译:他喝了酒后变得话多了.4. 正确答案:attitude 题目翻译:他对学校的态度从不喜欢到非常热情.5. 正确答案:faculty 题目翻译:他是一名大学讲师【商务英语词汇理解考试练习题】。

12年商业托福测试辅导:经典习题2

12年商业托福测试辅导:经典习题2

12年商业托福测试辅导:经典习题2home toeic preparation toeic quiz toeic forumadj. rubber(a)bothersome; troublesome; worrisome; harassing(b)composed of elastic material; made from caoutchouc(c)special; unique; different(d)strong; solid; stable; hard; fixed; immovable; determined; set; assertivetoeic study guide toeic certificationadj. reticent(a)between countries; involving or belonging to two or more countries; of relations between two or more countries(b)being one fourth; being one forth; having four equal parts(c)in favor of reform; supporting a progressive philosophy; tolerant; open-minded; generous; abundant(d)keeping quiet; reserved; showing self-restraintadj. thorough(a)functional; practical;applicable(b)comprehensive; complete;finished(c)characterized by a high degree; highly concentrated(d)trifling; unimportant; insignificant; minoradj. emergency(a)in the event of sudden need(b)rational; reasonable; wise; judicious; cognizant; aware; able to be perceived; perceptive; able to perceive; considerable; appreciable(c)awful(d)special; unusual; uncommon; detailed; meticulous; precise; pedantic; strictadj. dependent(a)some; few; separate; distinct; individual; particular; various; respective(b)classified; confidential; clandestine; covert; hidden;latent(c)chief; head; leading; primary; main; major; first in rank; of the highest importance orpriority(d)relying on; needing (the help or support of another person); conditional; contingentadj. stock(a)basic; fundamental(b)fulfilling many functions; multi-purpose; skilled to do many things;changeable; moving freely in different directions (Biology)(c)available on a regular basis; commonplace; routine; employed to handle merchandise or goods; of or pertaining to livestock(d)filled with petrol, gas or another substance that produces energyadj. useful(a)highest; prime; leading(b)not standard; not ordinary(c)functional; practical;applicable(d)possible; capable of becoming; able to be adj. conversant(a)ill; suffering from a disease or illness; nauseous; feeling the need to vomit; disgusted; fed up; pertaining to a sickn ess; pertaining to a disease; yearning; longing; infected with bacteria or microorganisms (Agriculture)(b)higher in rank or position; above average; exceptional; better or greater than; supercilious; conceited(c)mature; full grown(d)well-versed; proficient; skilledadj. regular(a)clear; exact; precise; quick(b)preferred; beloved; liked(c)occurring at fixed intervals; normal; usual; ordinary; common(d)answering; reacting (esp.positively or sympathetically); characterized by singing or reading in alternationadj. precise(a)pertaining to hearing and listening;sound(b)exact; not more and not less; meticulous; exacting; strict(c)delicate; thin; flimsy; handsome; top-quality; excellent; sharp; sharpened; refined; purified; elegant(d)injurious; causing damage。

商业托福考试短语练习

商业托福考试短语练习

商业托福考试短语练习part 11。

abideby(=befaithfulto;obey)忠于;遵守。

2。

beabsentfrom。

缺席,不在3。

absenceormind(=beingabsent-minded)心不在焉4。

absorb(=takeuptheattentionof)吸引的`注意力(被动语态):beabsorbedin全神贯注于近:beengrossedin;belostin;beraptin;beconcentratedon;befocusedon;becenteredo n5。

(be)abundantin(berichin;bewellsuppliedwith)富于,富有6。

access(to)(不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解7。

byaccident(=bychance,accidentally)偶然地,意外。

withoutaccident(=safely)安全地,8。

ofone‘sownaccord(=withoutbeingasked;willingly;freely)自愿地,主动地9。

inaccordwith与一致。

outof one‘saccordwith同。

不一致10。

withoneaccord(=witheverybodyagreeing)一致地11。

inaccordancewith(=inagreementwith)依照,根据12。

onone‘sownaccount1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益2)(=atone‘sownrisk)自行负责3)(=byoneself)依靠自己onaccount赊账;onaccountof因为;onnoaccount不论什么原因也不;ofaccount有重要性。

13。

takeintoaccount(=consider)把考虑进去14。

givesb。

anaccountof说明,解释(理由)15。

accountfor(=giveanexplanationorreasonfor)解释,说明。

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商业托福考试词汇练习题
2017年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题
经过大海的一番磨砺,卵石才变得更加美丽光滑。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题,希望能给大家带来帮助!
1. My company announced that the workers' ________ , a regular payment, will increase 5 percent next year.
A) salary
B) sacrifice
C) sculpture
D) scan
2. Because I didn't have much time, I gave the menu a quick ________ and chose the chicken.
A) salary
B) sacrifice
C) sculpture
D) scan
3. Although she studied in art school, she didn't make enough efforts to study ________.
A) salary
B) sacrifice
C) sculpture
D) scan
4. I usually read the sports ________ of the newspaper.
A) sense
B) section
C) servant
D) separation
5. The ________ of responsibility brought him back to the
hospital even though he was afraid of being infected with the contagious disease.
A) sense
B) section
C) servant
D) separation
6. The ________ from his parents since his childhood is the main cause of his psychological problems.
A) sense
B) section
C) servant
D) separation
7. A ________ is a person who is paid to work in somebody's house, doing work such as cooking, cleaning, etc..
A) sense
B) section
C) servant
D) separation
8.In most restaurants, there is 10 ________ charge included in the bill.
A) shelter
B) service
C) silence
D) signal
9. The food in the restaurant is good, but the ________ is bad. They always keep customers waiting too long.
A) shelter
B) service
C) silence
D) signal
10. The officials were rewarded for their ________ to the government.
A) shelter
B) services
C) silence
D) signal
1.公司宣布员工的薪水; 一般薪资,将在明年提高百分之五。

【答案】salary
2.因为我没有很多时间,我很快瞄了一下菜单并点了鸡肉。

【答案】scan
3.虽然她就读美术学校,但她没尽全力学雕刻。

【答案】sculpture
4.我常读报纸的'体育版。

【答案】section
5.责任感使他回到医院,即使他害怕感染上那种传染病。

【答案】sense
6.幼年时期与父母的分离是他心理问题的主因。

【答案】separation
7.仆人足雇来家里做些像是煮饭、清洁等事的人。

【答案】servant
8.于大多数的餐厅,帐单都包含百竹之十的服务费用。

【答案】service
9.这家餐厅菜不错,但服务不好。

他们总是让顾客等太久。

【答案】service
10.这些政府官员因对国家有买献而受到表扬。

【答案】services。

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