英美文学作品赏析共108页文档
英美文学作品赏析
William Shakespeare
• Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets.
• The first group (1126): to Mr. W. H.
• The second group (127-152): to a Dark Lady
iambic pentameter
• meter: the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines
in verse the pattern of syllables in a line of poetry a rhythm of accented and unaccented syllables
arranged into feet.
iambic: 抑扬格(轻读音节与重读音节交替出现） pentameter:五音步 (five feet） syllable: 音节，通常包含一个元音和若干辅音 vowel: 元音 consonant: 辅音
iambic pentameter
• Example： 1. if you would put the key inside the lock
Sonnet 18
• In the sonnet, the speaker compares his beloved to the summer season, and argues that his beloved is better. He also states that his beloved will live on forever through the words of the poem.
• The Canterbury Tales was written in the years between 1387 and 1400. It has a general prologue and twenty four tales that are connected by “links”.
英美文学作品赏析
英美文学作品赏析英美文学作品是世界文学中的重要组成部分，有着独特的文化内涵和艺术风格。
以下是几个经典英美文学作品的赏析：1.《傲慢与偏见》《傲慢与偏见》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作之一，是一部浪漫爱情小说。
小说主要讲述了年轻、美貌、聪明的伊丽莎白·班纳特和富家公子达西之间的故事。
这部小说将绅士风度、家族荣誉、社交礼仪等方面的观念描绘得十分逼真和深刻。
2.《麦田里的守望者》《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J.D.塞林格的代表作之一，也是20世纪美国文学的经典之作。
小说主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德在校园里的种种遭遇中，受到了现实的打击，他失去了对未来的信心，最终选择了离开学校。
小说以青年的视角，生动地反映了当时美国社会的精神恐慌和对青年的关注和热爱。
3.《唐吉诃德》《唐吉诃德》是西班牙作家米格尔·德·塞万提斯的代表作之一，也是世界文学史上最重要的小说之一。
这部小说以一个骑士形象展开了一系列荒诞而幽默的冒险故事，描绘了骑士精神中的理想、信仰、勇气和忠诚等方面的特点。
作者用轻松幽默的笔调，将普通人的奋斗和追求娓娓道来，让读者在欢笑之余，也深深地感受到了生命的意义。
4.《百年孤独》《百年孤独》是哥伦比亚作家加西亚·马尔克斯的代表作之一，是一部魔幻现实主义小说。
小说主要讲述了布恩迪亚家族七代人的故事，涵盖了哥伦比亚社会、政治、经济等多个方面的历史变迁和发展。
这部小说以其独特的文学风格和奇幻的叙事手法，成功地塑造了一幅梦幻般的哥伦比亚社会图景，它深刻地揭示了人类内心世界的各种冲突和矛盾。
以上是几个经典英美文学作品的赏析，每一部作品都有其独特的价值和意义，值得我们去阅读和了解。
英美文学诗歌分析鉴赏
英美文学诗歌分析鉴赏英语诗歌入门诗歌是纯文学。
英美文学传统中此种文学形式十分繁荣，在这方面甚至可与被称为“诗的国度”的中国相提并论。
正如学习汉语不明诗词歌赋为何物，就难入佳境一样，学习英文而不解诗味，也堪称憾事。
然而，由于用词典雅、句法精炼、形式别致以及意象丰富等等缘故，英文诗号称难读。
本课程精选莎士比亚以来名家名诗数十首，解其句读，析其格律，达其妙趣，并判其风格，使初学者尝其一脔，略知滋味，并望其由此获得进入英诗宝库之门径。
导引诗歌是一种精美的艺术，趣味高一点的人一般都喜欢诗歌。
受过良好教育的中国人都会背诵若干首古诗。
现在人们很重视学习英文，学习英文，视野也应宽阔一些，也应当对英文诗歌多少有些领略才好。
中国文学中诗歌成就极大，英语文学中，诗歌也极其丰富多彩。
语言艺术的最高表现形式在诗歌。
如果只是知道实用性的英文，只学习商业英文、法律英文等英文，对英语文学毫无修养，对英文诗歌一无所知，那将是一个不小的遗憾，将会影响到审美能力的发展和提高，学英文而不懂英文诗歌，不仅从审美角度看是一个遗憾，而且从英语学习这一角度看，不学一些英文诗歌，其英语水平也达不到很高的层次。
诗歌语言最精炼，语汇最丰富，表达形式最精美，语言的色调最细腻。
如果对诗歌有一定修养，其语言表达能力会大大提高。
试想一个学汉语的人，如果对唐诗宋词一无所知，其汉语水平不会很高。
学英语者也是如此。
如果他对莎士比亚、弥尔顿、华兹华斯、拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的著名诗篇一窍不通，其英文水平也不会很高。
总之，有一定英语基础的人不能不更上一层楼，读一点英文诗。
这不仅有助于提高我们的文学素养，丰富我们的审美能力，也有助于提高我们的英语水平。
英诗基础知识读英文诗歌相当不容易。
其中的主要原因是诗歌有其独特的语言特点和表达方式，与散文有明显区别。
为更好地欣赏英文诗歌，很有必要了解一些相关的基本知识。
这方面的知识极其细致，以下只介绍一些最基本的。
一节奏诗歌是具有音乐性的语言。
英美文学鉴赏
英美文学鉴赏第一篇：英美文学鉴赏英美文学鉴赏——从人物的语言角度赏析鉴赏一篇文章，我们可以从不同的角度去分析，而作品中人物的语言描写就是一个比较常见的角度。
语言描写是塑造人物形象的重要手段，一段精彩的语言描写可以鲜明地展示人物的性格，生动地表现人物的思想感情，深刻地反映人物的内心世界，让读者“如闻其声，如见其人”，使读者留下深刻的印象。
语言描写包括人物的独白和对话。
作品中出现的独白是人物心理活动的表现。
莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一《哈姆雷特》中有这样一段经典的独白：“T o be, or not to be-that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer……”父亲突然死亡，叔叔继位并且娶嫂为妻，与此同时，一个深夜，父亲冤死的鬼魂出现，让他复仇，之前精神的痛苦已使哈姆雷特的精神颓唐，而鬼魂揭露的真相又加重了他的心理负担。
在这样的情况下，哈姆雷特的内心才有这样一段独白。
这段独白反映了当时哈姆雷特内心的痛苦与纠结，他既希望可以可走出黑暗，但又摆脱不了对死亡的恐惧。
语言描写不仅反映了人物的心理活动，而且还预示并推动了整个故事的发展，从这段独白来看，我们不难看出接下来哈姆雷特会不惜一切代价复仇，而最终以悲剧收尾。
相比于独白，以对话形式出现的语言描写更常见。
从这些对话中，我们可以了解到人物的一些性格特征。
在马克•吐温的小说《汤姆•索亚历险记》中，有这样一段对话：“喂，汤姆，让我来刷点儿看看。
”汤姆想了一下，正打算答应他；可是他立刻又改变了主意：“不，不行，本，我想这恐怕不行。
要知道，波莉姨妈对这面墙是很讲究的，这可是当街的一面，不过要是后面的，你刷刷倒也无妨，姨妈也不会在乎的。
是，她对这道墙是非常讲究的。
刷这墙一定得非常精心。
我想在一千，也许在两千个孩子里，也找不出一个能按波莉姨妈的要求刷好这道墙的。
”“是吗？哎，就让我试一试吧。
英美文学赏析
Highlights of British and American Literature 《英美文学精品选读》Part I An Appreciation of English Literature 上篇：英国文学Chapter 1 Medieval Literature 中世纪英国文学Jeffery Chaucer 杰弗里•乔叟The Canterbury Tales (General Prologue)Chapter 2 The Renaissance Period 文艺复兴时期英国文学William Shakespeare 威廉•莎士比亚Sonnet 18Sonnet 29Romeo and Juliet: Part of Scene IIChapter 3 English Romantic Poetry 英国浪漫主义诗歌1. Robert Burns 罗伯特•彭斯A Red, Red RoseMy Heart’s in the Highlands2. William Wordsworth 威廉•华兹华斯I wandered lonely as a cloudComposed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 18023. Percy Bysshe Shelley 波西•比西•雪莱To---Ode to the West Wind4. Jane Austen 简•奥斯汀Pride and Prejudice (Chapter I)Chapter 4 The Victorian Age 维多利亚文学时期1. Charles Dickens 查尔斯•狄更斯A Tale of Two Cities ( Chapter I)2. Bronte Sisters 布朗特姐妹Charlotte Bronte 夏洛特•布朗特Jane Eyre (Chapter XXXVIII)Emily Bronte 艾米莉•布朗特Wuthering Heights (Chapter XV)3. Robert Browning 罗伯特•布朗宁My Last Duchess FerraraMeeting At NightParting at Morning4. Elizabeth Barrett Browning 伊丽莎白•巴雷特•布朗宁Sonnets from the Portuguese: 14Sonnets from the Portuguese: 43Chapter 5 Twentieth Century Literature 二十世纪文学时期1. Thomas Hardy 托马斯•哈代Tess of the D’Urberbilles (Chapter XXXV)2. Virginia woolf 维吉尼亚•沃尔夫Mrs. Dalloway (The beginning part)Part II An Appreciation of American Literature 下篇：美国文学Chapter 1: The Romantic Period 浪漫主义时期文学1. Washington Irving 华盛顿•欧文Rip Van Winkle (The beginning part)2. Ralph Waldo Emerson 拉尔夫•瓦尔多•爱默生Nature (Chapter I)3. Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加•艾伦•坡The Raven4. Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) 纳撒尼尔•霍桑The Scarlet Letter (Chapter I, II)Chapter 2: The Literature of Realism 现实主义文学时期1.Walt Whitman 惠特曼Leaves of Grass: O Captain! My Captain!Leaves of Grass: I Hear America singing2. Emily Dickinson 艾米丽•狄金森HopeI’m NobodyI heard a Fly buzz—when I died—3. Mark Twain 马克•吐温The Adventures of Tom Sawyer （Chapter I）Chapter 3: Twentieth-century Literature 二十世纪文学时期1. Ezra Pound 埃兹拉•庞德In a Station of the MetroThe River-Merchant’s Wife: A Let ter2. Robert Frost 罗伯特•弗洛斯特The Road Not TakenStopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening3. Thomas Stearns Eliot 托马斯•斯特尔纳斯•艾略特The Waste Land (Subtitles: The Burial of the Dead)4. Francis Scott Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯•司各特•菲兹杰拉德The Great Gatsby （Chapter III）5. Ernest Hemingway 厄尼斯特•海明威The Old Man and the Sea （Chapter XXVII, XXVIII, XXXVIIII）6. William Faulkner 威廉•福克纳A Rose for Emily （Chapter I, II, III, IV）《英美文学精华选读》将简要介绍英美各时期的主要文学文化思潮,文学流派和代表作家。
英美文学作品赏析
王莎士比亚的灿烂王冠上 面的一颗最光辉的钻石。
——俄国著名文学批评家 别林斯基
List of Characters
• Hamlet---Prince of Denmark
son of dead King and nephew the present ruler of Denmark to
• Henry VIII
Hamlet
奥斯卡第21届（1948年）荣获最佳影片的海报
One of The Oscar Best Movie Posters
• Best Picture of the Year • Performance by an actor in a leading role • Performance by an actress in a leading role • Performance by an actor/actress in a supporting role • Achievement in directing • Best foreign language film of the year
Structure
• • • • • Act I Act II Act III Act IV Act V Scene 1~5 Scene 1~2 Scene 1~4 Scentio and two others are on watch at the castle of Elsinore. They see a ghost resembling the late King of Denmark. The specter cannot be persuaded to speak. It vanishes at cockcrow. Claudius thanks his subjects for assistance in the ceremonies at his brother’s funeral and his own marriage. He also sends ambassadors to curb Fortinbras’ threatening invasion. Hamlet grieves over his mother’s speedy re-marriage. He is told of the ghost. Laertes warns Ophelia of Hamlet’s attentions. Polonius orders Ophelia to reject Hamlet. The ghost leads Hamlet away, tells him how he was murdered, and asks him to revenge.
英美文学：浪漫主义文学经典作品欣赏
英美文学：浪漫主义文学经典作品欣赏"文学是灵魂的窗口，经典作品是那扇引领我们进入美好世界的大门。
在英美文学中，浪漫主义作品无疑是探索人性、情感和社会的重要篇章。
通过欣赏这些经典作品，我们可以领略到浪漫主义的精髓和魅力。
本文将带你深入探索英美文学中的浪漫主义作品，一同品味这些文学瑰宝的情感和思想的奇迹。
"引言人类灵魂早在文明的破晓时就向往着美好和浪漫，人们对于理想和遥远的东西总是充满着向往和渴望。
于是，浪漫主义文学应运而生。
浪漫主义以个人感情、自然界的宏伟和人性的完美为核心，追求纯粹、真实和渴望的情感体验。
英美文学中的浪漫主义作品通过其丰富多样的情感和引人入胜的故事，引领读者走进了那个神秘而奇妙的世界。
下面我们将深入探索英美文学中的浪漫主义经典作品，一同欣赏这些文学佳作。
威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）作为英国文学史上最伟大的作家之一，威廉·莎士比亚的作品充满了浪漫主义的精神。
他的悲剧作品《罗密欧与朱丽叶》被誉为浪漫主义文学的象征之一。
这部作品以两个年轻人的爱情为主线，表达了对于纯真爱情和个人意愿的追求。
爱情的力量《罗密欧与朱丽叶》通过巧妙的情节、精彩的对白和深刻的人物刻画，展现了爱情的力量。
无论是罗密欧还是朱丽叶都为了爱情不顾一切，他们的爱情不仅战胜了两个家族之间的仇恨，也超越了物质和社会的束缚。
这种对爱情的追求和牺牲精神让人们对纯美爱情充满了向往和渴望。
个人意愿的对抗《罗密欧与朱丽叶》还揭示了个人意愿与社会压力之间的冲突。
罗密欧与朱丽叶来自两个敌对的家族，他们的爱情必然会遭遇到巨大的阻力。
然而，他们勇敢地与社会的规范和家族的期望作斗争，坚持自己的爱情，最终选择了共同的悲剧结局。
这个故事提醒我们要勇敢面对自己的内心声音，坚持个人意愿，而不是被外界的压力所左右。
简·奥斯丁（Jane Austen）简·奥斯丁是英国文学史上最受欢迎的女作家之一，她的作品以浪漫主义情感为基石，以描绘中产阶级日常生活为背景。
英美诗歌赏析(英文版)
1墓园挽歌：托马斯·格雷（Thomas Gray，1716-1771）是感伤主义诗歌的代表诗人。
他最著名的诗歌是便是《墓园挽歌》，并因此同写过《夜吟死亡》（Nitht-Piece on Death,1721）的托马斯·帕达尔（Thomas Parnell, 1679-1718）,写过《坟墓》（The Grave, 1743）的罗伯特·布莱尔（Robert Blair，1699-1746）和写过《夜思》（Night Thoughts，1742）的爱德华·杨格（Edward Yong,1683-1765）等人一道被称为“墓园派诗人”。
《墓园挽歌》是“感伤主义”的代表作，常被批评家誉为十八世纪乃至英国历来最好的诗歌。
这首诗有着这样独特的地位，主要是因为它凝聚了每个时期中的某种社会情绪，用比较完美的形式表达了这种情绪，在一定程度上解决了如何革新旧传统的问题，具有较高的艺术成就。
这首诗写诗人流连在乡村的墓园里，望着一座座平民百姓的墓石，他思考了狠毒。
这些人默默无闻，劳作终身，死后埋葬简陋的墓地里，他们身前也有过报复，经历过悲欢离合。
回忆中，诗人对他们寄予深切的同情，对骄奢淫逸的权贵做了温和的批评，并指出：不论身前多么荣华富贵，死亡对于每个人来说都是平等的。
既然大家殊途同归，人们就应该以一种豁达的态度来面对人生。
这首诗共32 节，每节有四行五步抑扬格组成，以abab 押韵。
总体上来说，这首诗在形式上采用了古典主义的格式，但在内容上却显示了感伤主义和浪漫主义的新特征。
诗人在晚钟时分步入墓园：晚钟殷殷响，夕阳已西沉。
群牛呼叫归，迂回走草径。
农夫荷锄犁，倦倦回家门。
唯我立狂野，独自对黄昏。
（The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea,The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and to me.）开头一段描写了天黑时分牧人赶着牛群徐徐入村，农人们经历了一天的劳累拖着疲惫的步伐回家的景象，把恬静的乡村生活如风景画般的呈现在了我们面前。
英美文学作品赏析
作家与作品：海明威：·《非洲的青山》·《太阳照常升起》·《战地钟声》·《永别了，武器》·《第五纵队·西班牙大地》·《曙光示真》·《不固定的圣节》·《过河入林》·《丧钟为谁而鸣》·《危险的夏天》·《老人与海》·《伊甸园》·《丧钟为谁而鸣》·《非洲的青山》·《死在午后》·《岛在湾流中》·《有钱人和没钱》．菲茨杰拉德：《人间天堂》，《了不起的盖茨比》《夜色温柔》（1934）和《最后一个巨商》。
·维吉尼亚•伍尔芙（1882—1941）英国著名小说家、批评家维吉尼亚•伍尔芙也是一位著名的意识流作家和意识流小说的奠基者。
1919年，伍尔芙发表了第一部意识流小说《墙上的斑点》。
《达罗卫夫人》(1925)、《到灯塔去》（1927）是伍尔芙意识流小说的代表作。
纳撒尼尔·霍桑1804～1864）美国小说家，是美国19世纪影响最大的浪漫主义小说家和心理小说家。
《范肖》(1828)《古宅青苔》(1843)、《雪影》(1851)＜红字＞《带有七个尖角阁的房子》《玉石雕像》．杰克伦敦：杰克·伦敦是著名的美国小说家，他一生共创作了约50卷作品，其中最为著名的有《荒野的呼唤》、《海狼》、《白牙》、《马丁·伊登》和短篇小说《老头子同盟》、《北方的奥德赛》、《马普希的房子》等．华兹华斯：早期诗歌《晚步》《素描集》，从《抒情歌谣集》开始一反18世纪的诗风，将一种崭新的风格带到诗歌创作中，开创了英国文学史上浪漫主义诗歌的新时代。
《不朽的征兆》由《序曲》《漫游》两部分组成的哲理性长诗《隐者》等。
1843年被封为英国“桂冠诗人”．威廉.布雷克To see a world in a grain of sand, 从一粒沙子看到一个世界，And a heaven in a wild flower, 从一朵野花看到一个天堂，Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, 把握在你手心里的就是无限，And eternity in an hour. 永恒也就消融于一个时辰。
英美文学的经典名著赏析
英美文学的经典名著赏析英美文学是世界文学的重要组成部分，其经典名著印象深刻，影响深远。
这些名著涵盖了各种文学题材和风格，取材广泛，情节丰富，塑造了许多经典形象，反映出了不同时代的社会和文化面貌。
本文将对英美文学的几部经典名著进行欣赏和解析。
《傲慢与偏见》简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》是英国文学的瑰宝之一，被誉为最伟大的小说之一。
小说的主角是一个头脑灵活、机智幽默的女主角伊丽莎白·班纳特，通过她与达西先生的恋爱故事，描绘了英国上流社会的风气、习俗和价值观。
小说整体而言，描绘了一段富于变化的人情世故和情感冒险。
作者通过文字灵巧，对生活和人性有深刻的洞察，同时揭示了19世纪英国上流社会的各种弊端和偏见。
在小说末尾，所有的冲突都得到解决，迎来了一个幸福美满的结局。
《了不起的盖茨比》《了不起的盖茨比》是美国文学的代表作，作者为弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德。
小说的主题是美国梦和爱情，描绘了20世纪20年代美国经济繁荣和人们所面临的道德混乱。
小说的故事发生在20世纪20年代的美国。
主人公盖茨比是一个富有的商人，他爱上了一个名叫黛西的女人。
为了重新得到她的心，他开始沉迷于一系列疯狂的聚会和放荡的生活，最终以悲剧收场。
小说通过对爱情和道德的思考，阐述了美国社会在经济发展的同时所遭受的文化和道德的挣扎。
同时，小说对人物形象和环境描写也有极高的艺术价值。
《了不起的盖茨比》向人们展示了一个充满矛盾和冲突的时代。
《百年孤独》《百年孤独》是哥伦比亚文学家加西亚·马尔克斯的代表作品。
以哥伦比亚的马孔多镇为背景，小说反映了拉丁美洲的历史和文化。
小说的故事贯穿了百年时间，讲述了布恩迪亚家族的兴衰和命运，集中展现了该地区彼此交错的历史与文化趋势。
作者以幽默、夸张、超现实的手法，勾勒出了神秘的信仰、优美的爱情、荒唐的命运以及糟糕的历史。
《百年孤独》堪称文学史上的经典之作，它打破了传统文学的束缚，用全新的视角展示了哥伦比亚的多元风格和东海岸上的戏剧般的传奇。
最新英美文学史随笔及作品赏析
英美文学史随笔及作品赏析英美文学史随笔及作品赏析（一）――简爱《简爱》的作者夏洛蒂勃朗特温柔，清纯，喜欢追求一些美好的东西，尽管她家境贫穷，从小失去了母爱，再加上她身材矮小，容貌不出众，但也许就是这样一种灵魂深处的自卑，反映在她的性格上就是一种非常敏感的自尊。
她描写的简爱也是一个不美的，矮小的女人，但是她有着极其强烈的自尊心。
简爱生存在一个寄人篱下的环境，从小就承受着与同龄人不一样的待遇，姨妈的嫌弃，表姐的蔑视，表哥的侮辱和毒打......也许正是因为这一切，换回了简爱无限的信心和坚强不屈的性格，一种可战胜的内在人格力量.她坚定不移地去追求一种光明的，圣洁的，美好的生活。
在罗切斯特的面前，她从不因为自己是一个地位低贱的家庭教师而感到自卑，反而认为他们是平等的。
也正因为她的正直，高尚，纯洁，心灵没有受到世俗社会的污染，使得罗切斯特为之震撼，并把她看作了一个可以和自己在精神上平等交谈的人，并且深深爱上了她。
而当他们结婚的那一天，简爱知道了罗切斯特已有妻子时，她觉得自己必须要离开，她虽然讲，“我要遵从上帝颁发世人认可的法律，我要坚守住我在清醒时而不是像现在这样疯狂时所接受的原则”。
但是从内心讲，更深一层的是简爱意识到自己受到了欺骗，她的自尊心受到了戏弄，因为她深爱着罗切斯特。
但简爱做出了一个非常理性的决定。
在这样一种爱情力量包围之下，在富裕的生活诱惑之下，她依然要坚持自己作为个人的尊严，这是简爱最具有精神魅力的地方。
小说设计了一个很光明的结尾，虽然罗切斯特的庄园毁了，他自己也成了一个残废，但正是这样一个条件，使简爱不再在尊严与爱之间矛盾，而同时获得自己的尊严和真爱。
在当今社会，人们都疯狂地为了金钱和地位而淹没爱情。
在穷与富之间选择富，而在爱与不爱之间选择不爱。
很少有人会像简爱这样为爱情为人格抛弃所有，而且义无反顾。
《简爱》所展现给我们的正是一种返朴归真，是一种追求全心付出的爱情，还有作为一个人应有的尊严。
英美散文诗歌赏析
英美散文赏析The Poem I Like BestThe Daffodils--Written by William WordsworthI wondered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o'er vales and hills,When all at once i saw a crowd,A host,of golden daffodils;Beside the lake,beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the Milky Way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw i at a glanceTossing their heads in sprightly dance.The waves beside them danced, but theyOut-did the sparking waves in glee:A Poet could not but be gayIn such a jocund company:I gazed—and gazed—but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch i lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.二、译文:我孤独地漫游像一朵浮云，高高地漂荡在山谷之上，突然我看见一簇簇一群群金色的水仙在迎春开放，在湖畔旁，在树荫下，迎着微风起舞翩翩。
英美文学赏析
《傲慢与偏见》作品赏析【摘要】《傲慢与偏见》是奥斯丁的代表作。
这部作品以日常生活为素材，一反当时社会上流行的感伤小说的内容和矫揉造作的写作方法，生动地反映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。
这部社会风情画式的小说不仅在当时吸引着广大的读者，时至今日，仍给读者以独特的艺术享受。
【关键字】《傲慢与偏见》语言艺术爱情取材一、内容赏析奥斯丁在这部小说中通过班纳特五个女儿对待终身大事的不同处理，表现出乡镇中产阶级家庭出身的少女对婚姻爱情问题的不同态度，从而反映了作者本人的婚姻观：为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的；而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。
因此，她既反对为金钱而结婚，也反对把婚姻当儿戏。
她强调理想婚姻的重要性，并把男女双方感情作为缔结理想婚姻的基石。
书中的女主人公伊丽莎白出身于小地主家庭，为富豪子弟达西所热爱。
达西不顾门第和财富的差距，向她求婚，却遭到拒绝。
伊丽莎白对他的误会和偏见是一个原因，但主要的是她讨厌他的傲慢。
因为达西的这种傲慢实际上是地位差异的反映，只要存在这种傲慢，他与伊丽莎白之间就不可能有共同的思想感情，也不可能有理想的婚姻。
以后伊丽莎白亲眼观察了达西的为人处世和一系列所作所为，特别是看到他改变了过去那种骄傲自负的神态，消除了对他的误会和偏见，从而与他缔结了美满姻缘。
伊丽莎白对达西先后几次求婚的不同态度，实际上反映了女性对人格独立和平等权利的追求。
这是伊丽莎白这一人物形象的进步意义。
从小说看，伊丽莎白聪敏机智，有胆识，有远见，有很强的自尊心，并善于思考问题。
就当时一个待字闺中的小姐来讲，这是难能可贵的。
正是由于这种品质，才使她在爱情问题上有独立的主见，并导致她与达西组成美满的家庭。
在《傲慢与偏见》中，奥斯丁还写了伊丽莎白的几个姐妹和女友的婚事，这些都是陪衬，用来与女主人公理想的婚姻相对照。
如夏绿蒂和柯林斯尽管婚后过着舒适的物质生活，但他们之间没有爱情，这种婚姻实际上是掩盖在华丽外衣下的社会悲剧。
英美文学名篇赏析
To his loveThis poem begins on a quiet note, remembering times of his past which were happy times, at home with his friend, who is now lying dead.The sight of the friends mangled body is expressed by a note of rising hysteria as he tries to blot out the sight and memory of his dead friend.Gurney mentions the River Severn and Gloucestershire, which together with his friend give two themes to this poem.During 1917 Gurney published a collection of poems ' Severn and Somme ' a tribute to his beloved Gloucestershire and a direct comparison to the WW1 on the Somme. By 1918 it was clear that his horrific experiences hadThe contrast in the beautiful imagery of the countryside and the horrific imagery of death gives the poem the dramatic feel that Gurney is not only trying to express but going through himself. The fact that the poem explains a real situation makes the reader greive with the narrator of the lost friend.affected his already fragile mental state.Annabel Lee"Annabel Lee" is the last complete poem[1] composed by American author Edgar Allan Poe. Like many of Poe's poems, it explores the theme of the death of a beautiful woman.[2] The narrator, who fell in love with Annabel Lee when they were young, has a love for her so strong that even angels are jealous. He retains his love for her even after her death. There has been debate over whom, if anyone, was the inspiration for "Annabel Lee"."Annabel Lee" consists of six stanzas, three with six lines, one with seven, and two with eight, with the rhyme pattern differing slightly in each one.[2] Though it is not technically a ballad, Poe referred to it as one.[8] Like a ballad, the poem utilizes repetition of words and phrases purposely to create its mournful effect.[2] The name Annabel Lee emphasizes the letter "L", a frequent device in Poe's female characters such as "Eulalie", "Lenore", and "Ulalume".[9]There is debate on the last line of the poem. The Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore, Maryland has identified 11 different versions of the poem that were published between 1849 and 1850.[10] However, the biggest variation is in the final line:The Chimney Sweeper"The Chimney Sweeper" is the title of two poems by William Blake, published in Songs of Innocence in 1789 and Songs of Experience in 1794.[1] The poem "The Chimney Sweeper" is set against the dark background of child labor that was well known in England in the late 18th and 19th century. At the age of four and five, boys were sold to clean chimneys, due to their small size. These children were oppressed,and had a diminutive existence that was socially acceptable at the time. In the earlier poem, a young chimney sweeper recounts a dream had by one of his fellows, in which an angel rescues the boys from coffins and takes them to a sunny meadow; in the later poem, an apparently adult speaker encounters a child chimney sweeper abandoned in the snow while his parents are at church or possibly even suffered death where church is referring to being with God.The road not taken"The Road Not Taken" is an ironic commentary on the autonomy of choice in a world governed by instincts, unpredictable contingencies, and limited possibilities. It parodies and demurs from the biblical idea that God is the "way" that can and should be followed and the American idea that nature provides the path to spiritual enlightenment. The title refers doubly to bravado for choosing a road less traveled but also to regret for a road of lost possibility and the eliminations and changes produced by choice. "The Road Not Taken " reminds us of the consequences of the principle of selection in al1 aspects of life, namely that al1 choices in knowledge or in action exclude many others and lead to an ironic recognitions of our achievements. At the heart of the poem is the romantic mythology of flight from a fixed world of limited possibility into a wilderness of many possibilities combined with trials and choices through which the pilgrim progresses to divine perfection. I agree with Frank Lentricchia's view that the poem draws on "the culturally ancient and pervasive idea of nature as allegorical book, out of which to draw explicit lessons for the conduct of life (nature as self-help text)." I would argue that what it is subverting is something more profound than the sentimental expectations of genteel readers of fireside poetry. . . .I Wandered Lonely as a CloudThe poem is 24 lines long, consisting of four six-line stanzas. Each stanza is formed by a quatrain, then a couplet, to form a sestet and a ABABCC rhyme scheme.[1] The fourth- and third-last lines were not composed by Wordsworth, but by his wife, Mary. Wordsworth considered them the best lines of the whole poem.[1][12] Like most works by Wordsworth, it is romantic in nature;[13] the beauty of nature, unkempt by humanity, and a reconciliation of man with his environment, are two of the fundamental principles of the romantic movement within poetry. The poem is littered with emotionally strong words, such as "golden", "dancing" and "bliss".The plot of the poem is simple. Wordsworth believed it "an elementary feeling and simple impression".[14] The speaker is wandering as if among the clouds, viewing a belt of daffodils, next to a lake whose beauty is overshadowed:[15]The reversal of usual syntax in phrases, particularly "Ten thousand saw I at a glance" is used as part of foregrounding (for emphasis).[16] Loneliness, it seems, is only a human emotion, unlike the mere solitariness of the cloud.[17] In the second and third verses, the memory of the daffodils is given permanence (particularly through comparison the stars); this is in contrast to the transitory nature of life examined in other works:[18]In the last stanza, it is revealed that this scene is only a memory of the pensive speaker.[12] This is marked by a change from a narrative past tense to the present tense. as a conclusion to a sense of movement within the poem: passive to active motion; from sadness to blissfulness.[16] The scene of the last verse mirrors the readers' situation as they take in the poem:[。
英美文学赏析
英美文学赏析Reading and Writing about LiteratureCompiled byWang LanglangXiamen University2007Revised and adapted fromAho, William, ed. Reading and Writing about Short Stories. Unpublished manuscript, 2003.Wang Shouren and Zhao Yu, eds. British and American Fiction. Nanjing: Nanjing Unversity Press, 1994.Yuan Xianjun and Qian Kunqiang eds.Approaching Fiction. Beijing: Beijing University Press, 2004Foote, David W., et al. Contemporary Short Stories. New York: McDougal, Littell and Company, 1996.Short stories and poems texts taken from various Internet libraries.Part IReading and Writing about Short StoriesIntroductionEveryone has a story of some kind to tell. In ancient times, before TV and the printing press, story telling was the chief amusement—nearly the only entertainment in town. Music and stories whiled away long nights, and the yarn-spinners that most cleverly embellished their tales were usually honored guests at campfires and tables. Polished and honed stories of valor and conquest also became the primary means of transferring cultural values to the next generation. A clever hero inspired emulation;a despised villain invoked ridicule.The value of a good story, taken as a whole, considers both the literal and the implied meaning, and thus is always greater than the sum of these two parts. There are nebulous aspects of tone and style in literature that affect emotions, and are often difficult to pinpoint. Attempts to explain the unexplainable impact of literature on the human mind and soul has kept critics occupied since PlatoReaders of fiction are awakened to the common denominations of human nature. Although times, places, and peoples change, the human struggle repeats itself with different names. Inhabitants of this planet past and present, represent one people and literature recreates this common ground. Daily life, romance, hope, despair, fear, love, hate, good and evil are the matter of life in every age and every culture from Homer, to Shakespeare, to Hemingway. By studying literature we realize we are not so different as we may have thought.Good stories survive because of the fresh and startling ideas and insights they offer. Ideas and insight have the power to liberate our minds and our imaginations and to cause us to reflect critically about our own values, beliefs, and assumptions.The short stories in this text are carefully chosen for two purposes: to delight the reader, and to serve as illustrations of rhetorical techniques that turn reporting into literature. Getting a grip on these techniques is the key to the enjoyment and analysis of the art of literary communication.Literary VocabularyIrony. Irony is a contrast between appearance and actuality.Situation irony is the contrast between what a reader or character expects and what actually exists or happens.Dramatic irony is the contrast between what a character in astory knows about events and what the reader knows.Theme. Theme is the central idea, or message, in a work of literature. It is the writer‘s perception about life or humanity that is shared with the reader.Mood. Mood is the feeling, or atmosphere, that a writer creates for the reader. The mood of a work could be described as sinister, cheerful, exciting, dreamlike, or sentimental.Setting. Setting is the time and place of the action of a story.Symbol. A symbol is a person, place, activity, or object that represents something beyond itself.Characterization. Characterization refers to the techniques a writer uses to develop characters. There are four basic methods of characterizations: (1) through physical description; (2) through a character‘s speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions; (3) through the speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions of other characters; and (4) through the narrator‘s direct comments about a character.Point of View. Point of view refers to the narrative method, or the kind of narrator, used in a literary work. Many stories use third-person point of view: the story is told by a narrative voice outside the action. Other stories, however, used first-person point of view: the narrator is a character in the story who tells everything in his or her own words.Plot Structure. Plot refers to the actions and events in a literary work. In a traditional narrative, plot structure consists if the exposition, the rising action, the climax, and the falling action.Style. Style is the way in which piece of literature is written. Style refers not to what is said but to how it is said. Elements such as word choice, length of sentence, comparisons, tone, mood, and use of dialogue contribute to a writer‘s personal style. (Earnest Hemmingway‘s style might be described as restrainedin its use of short sentences and minimal description.) Figurative Language. Figurative language is language that communicates ideas beyond the literal meanings of the words. Two common forms of figurativelanguage are simile and metaphor. Similes and metaphors make comparisons between two things that are actually unlike yet have something in common. A simile usually contains the word like or as.Conflict. The plot of a story almost involves some sort of conflict, or struggle between opposing forces. A conflict may be external, involving a character pitted against an outside force—another character, physical obstacle, nature, or society. A conflict may also be internal, occurring within a character.Flash back. A flashback is a conversation, an episode, or an event that happened before the beginning of a story. Often a flashback interrupts the chronological flow of a story to give the reader information helpful in understanding a character‘s present situation.Tone. Tone is the attitude a writer takes toward a subject. Style and description in a work of literature help create tone, which might be formal, informal, ironic, angry, serious, or playful.Foreshadowing. Foreshadowing is a writer‘s use of hints or clues to point to events that will occur later in the plot of a story. Use of this technique creates suspense while preparing the reader for what is to come.Imagery. Imagery refers to words and phrases that re-create sensory experiences for a reader. Images can appeal to any of the five senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. The majority of images are visual, stimulating pictures in the reader‘s mind.How to Read Fiction?Here are some questions you might ask when you are faced with the task of reading or writing about fiction. Your answers to these questions will help you begin brainstorming, to overcome the awful whiteness of the empty page.1.From what point of view is the story told?Can you speculate on the appropriateness of that point of view? If a story is told from the point of view of a first-person narrator who participates in the action, what significant changes would occur if it were told from the point of view of an omniscient author? And, of course, vice versa. Keep in mind that first-person narrators do not know what other characters think. On the other hand, omniscient narrators know everything about the lives of the characters. How would the story you are writing about be changed if the viewpoint were changed?2.Who are the principal characters in the story?(There will rarely be more than three in a short story; the other characters will often be portrayed sketchily; sometimes they are even stereotypes.) What functions do the minor characters serve? Do any of the characters change during the course of the story? How, and why?3.What is the plot of the story?Do the events that constitute the plot emerge logically from the nature of the characters and circumstances, or are the plot elements coincidental and arbitrary?4.What is the setting of the story?Does the setting play an important role in the story, or is it simply the place where things happen? What might the consequences of some other setting be for the effectiveness of the story?5.What is the tone of the story?Read the first several paragraphs of the story to see how the tone is established. Does the tone change with events, or remain fixed? How does the tone contribute to the effect of the story?6.Do you find ambiguities in the story?That is, can you interpret some element of the story in more than one way? Does that ambiguity result in confusion, or does it add to the complexity of the story?7.What is the theme of the story?This, finally, is often the most significant question to answer. All the elements of fiction, tone, setting, plot, theme, characterization, and point of view have been marshaled to project a theme — the moral proposition the author wishes to advance. When you write about a work, resist the tendency to do the easiest thing — retell the plot, incident by incident. You must work instead to understand the devices the author uses to convey his or her theme, and, in your essay, reveal that understanding.Early AutumnLangston Hughes兰斯顿·休斯（Langston Hughes, 1902-1967）美国黑人诗人、剧作家、小说家，20年代“哈莱姆文艺复兴”重要作家之一。
2011-10-11 经典英美文学作品欣赏
What is Poetry? – Poetry consists of the best words in the best order. 一首诗歌包含若干Stanza 诗节，每个Stanza 诗节分 为若干line行，每line行分为若干音步foot。音步 foot由重读音节和非重读音节按照一定规律排列 而成，由此产生诗的格律meter。诗歌讲究节奏 Rhythm与和声harmony。 Meter (=measure) 格律 --- the „beat‟ of a line of verse determined by the kind and number of poetic feet. Stanza 诗节--- An arrangement of a certain number of lines forming the divisions of a poem.
Common feet: 重音节的符号表示为 ′ ；非重音节的 符号表示为 ־或 ^ ： Iamb 抑扬格 is composed of 1 unstressed and 1 stressed syllables 由1个非重音节和1个重音节 组成;即一个短或弱音节之后跟着一个长或强音节， 例如：dēféat, ālí rētúrn, cōmpósed ve, Trochee 扬抑格 is composed of 1 stressed and 1 unstressed syllables 由1个重音节和1个非重音 节组成 (= Trochee is a unit in poetry consisting of one strong or long beat 强或长 音节followed by one weak or short beat 弱或 短音节.) 例如：tróchēe，fáthēr, lí stēn, dóublē