英语六级真题与答案
历年大学英语六级真题及答案(完整版
95-08历年大学英语六级真题及答案(完整版)之马矢奏春创作Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) She was given a new job.B) She was given a raise.C) She was criticized for being late.D) She was praised for her hard work.2. A) Whether to employ the woman.B) Whether to take up the new job.C) Whether to ask for a raise.D) Whether to buy a new house.3. A) A teacher.B) A psychologist.C) A librarian.D) A publisher.4. A) To visit more places in the city.B) To take a lot of pictures of the beautiful city.C) To take some pictures of his friends.D) To spare some time to meet his friends.5. A) In town.B) Out of town.C) In the man’s house.D) Outside Ann’s house.6. A) Because she feels very hot in the room.B) Because she wants to avoid meeting people.C) Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D) Because she doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.7. A) Painters hired by the man and woman.B) Painters hired by Mr. Jones.C) Mr. Jones.D) The man and the woman.8. A) The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B) The woman saw a horror movie.C) The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D) The man went to the show with the woman.9. A) He doesn’t write well enough.B) He is not a professional writer.C) He hasn’t got any professional experience.D) H e didn’t perform well in the interview.10. A) He doesn’t think it necessary to refuel the car.B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need.C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel.D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because they can’t afford to.B) Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.C) Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D) Because they prefer apartments.12. A) Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B) Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C) Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.D) Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.13. A) They have to do their own maintenance.B) They have to furnish their own houses.C) They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D) They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are not active hunters.B) They don’t sleep much.C) They are often seen alone.D) They don’t eat much.15. A) To catch the birds.B) To look for shade in the heat of the day.C) To catch other animals.D) To look for a kill made by another animal.16. A) They are larger in size.B) They have to hunt more to feed the young.C) They run faster.D) They are not as lazy as the males.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Less than 30 minutes.B) From 30 to 45 minutes.C) At least 45 minutes.D) More than 45 minutes.18. A) He should show respect for the interviewer.B) He should show confidence in himself.C) He should talk enthusiastically.D) He should be dressed properly.19. A) Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B) Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C) Talking a lot about the job.D) Speaking politely and emotionally.20. A) Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.B) Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.C) A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.D) Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored ski rt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures (自我流露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地) those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just asimportant to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person(e.g., disclosure and truthful statements).21. The word “pinpoint” (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means ________.A) appreciateB) obtainC) interpretD) identify22. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.C) One should not judge people by their appearances.D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality.23. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ________.A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasionB) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directlyC) the best way to know a person is by making comparisonsD) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’s opinion, are ________.A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt withB) barriers that should be done away withC) as significant as disclosures and truthful statementsD) things people should guard against25. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasionsB) to provide ways of how to obtain information about peopleC) to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s charactersD) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know peopleQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The competition among producers of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitor s’ role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc.has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple’s major competitors.Apple’s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible (兼容的) programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufactures’ new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running IBM software is Appl e’s effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories (附件) to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor’s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics (图形), whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies’ products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.26. According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc, has introduced the Mackintosh II and the Mackintosh SE because ________.A) IBM is changing its computer models continuouslyB) it wants to make its machines specialize in specific usesC) it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer marketD) it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example27. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by ________.A) making its new models capable of running IBM softwareB) improving the color graphics of its new modelsC) copying the marketing strategies of IBMD) giving the customers what they want28. Apple sells its new computer models at a high price because ________.A) they have new features and functionsB) they are more sophisticated than other modelsC) they have new accessories attachedD) it wants to accumulate funds for future research29. It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by ________.A) copying each other’s technologyB) incorporating features that make their products distinctiveC) making their computer more expensiveD) making their computers run much faster30. The best title for the passage would be ________.A) Apple’s Efforts to Stay Ahead of IBMB) Apple’s New Computer TechnologyC) Apple’s New personal ComputersD) Apple’s Research ActivitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft”, and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical systems is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, of even of earth’s geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data comes in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order of hardness and see the social sciences as the most secure, the physical sciences as the leastsecure, and again the biological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we see distant things as they were long ago, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbour as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.31. The word “paradox” (Para. 1, Line 1) means “________”.A) implicationB) contradictionC) interpretationD) confusion32. According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because ________.A) a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciencesB) our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemsC) our understanding of the social systems is approximately correctD) we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena33. The author believes that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because ________.A) it is not based on personal experienceB) new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciencesC) it is based on a fairly representative quantity of dataD) the records of social systems are more reliable34. The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because ________.A) contradictory theories keep emerging all the timeB) new information is constantly coming inC) the direction of their development is difficult to predictD) our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate35. We know less about the astronomical universe than we do about any social system because ________.A) theories of its origin and history are variedB) our knowledge of it is highly insecureC) only a very small sample of it has been observedD) few scientists are involved in the study of astronomyQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following.In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor “meltdown” (堆内熔化). Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U.S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgement to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But do n’t expect them ever on U.S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York’s Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-’60s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by anti-nuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start-up, used his power to force New York’s public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement; the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant! Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of homes, sits rusting.36. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plantsa bad dream?A) The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation commission.B) The enormous cost of construction and operation.C) The length of time it takes to make investigations.D) The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________.A) it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in the U.S.B) there are not enough safety measures in the U.S. for running new nuclear power plantsC) there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U.S.D) the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in the U.S.38. Any objection, however trivial it may be, can ________.A) force the power companies to cancel the projectB) delay the construction or operation of a nuclear plantC) cause a serious debate within the Nuclear Regulation CommissionD) take the builders to court39. Governor Mario’s chief intention in proposing t he settlement was to ________.A) stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB) help the power company to solve its financial problemsC) urge the power company to further increase its power supplyD) permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions40. The author’s attitude towards the development of nuclear power is ________.A) negativeB) neutralC) positiveD) questioningPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. They ________ to enter the building by the back door; however, the front door was locked.A) weren’t supposedB) wouldn’t be supposedC) were supposedD) would be supposed42. ________ human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset the delicate chemical balance in the brain.A) DeliberateB) ConsistentC) PrimitiveD) Abnormal43. The captured criminals were ________ in chains through thestreets.A) exhibitedB) displayedC) paradedD) revealed44. In reading stories we anticipate what is to come ________ on our memory of what has gone before.A) basedB) basingC) to baseD) to be based45. The world’s governments have done ________ nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.A) inherentlyB) vitallyC) virtuallyD) identically46. I guess Jones didn’t have a chance to win the election. Almost all of the people in the city voted for his ________.A) candidateB) opponentC) alternativeD) participant47. The background music in an assembly line is designed ________.A) not being listened toB) not to be listened toC) being not listened toD) to be not listened to48. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very ________.A) preciousB) rewardingC) worthD) challenging49. The boy students in this school are nearly ________ as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A) as likely twiceB) likely as twiceC) as twice likelyD) twice as likely50. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to ________ himself.A) spotB) locateC) placeD) situate51. The city has decided to ________ smoking.A) do away withB) take awayC) get away withD) put away52. Perhaps it wouldn’t be ________ to go and see such a film.A) worthy you whileB) worth of whileC) worthy of whileD) worth your while53. The old building is in a good state of ________ except for the wooden floors.A) observationB) preservationC) conservationD) compensation54. While some office jobs would seem ________ to many people, there are quite a few jobs that are stimulating, exciting and satisfying.A) hostileB) tediousC) fantasticD) courageous55. ________ she wondered if she had made a mistake.A) Not until long afterwards thatB) It was not until long afterwards thatC) Not long until afterwardsD) It was long afterwards until56. The people who objected to the new approach were told that since work had already started there was no point in ________.A) denyingB) upsettingC) protestingD) competing57. The ceremony will ________ as soon as the minister arrives.A) completeB) commenceC) disperseD) descend58. So confused ________ that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A) since he becameB) would he becomeC) that he becameD) did he become59. Since the couple could not ________ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A) reconcileB) complyC) coincideD) resign60. After the collision, he examined the considerable ________ to his car.A) ruinB) destructionC) damageD) injury61. Output is now six times ________ it was before 1990.A) thatB) whatC) for whichD) of that62. The heavily populated area was a breeding place for ________ diseases.A) infectiousB) powerfulC) influentialD) suspicious63. It is unfortunate that, owing to lack of money, these experiments must now be ________ before the objective has been achieved.A) transferredB) testifiedC) terminatedD) transformed64. The synthetic vitamins are identical ________ those naturally present in our food.A) forB) ofC) asD) with65. Just as a book is often judged ________ by the quality and appearance of its cover, a person is judged immediately by his appearance.A) previouslyB) uniquelyC) outwardlyD) initially66. Recycling wastes slows down the rate ________ which we use up the Earth’s finite resources.A) InB) ofC) withD) at67. Gasoline is ________ by the spark plugs in the engine.A) ignitedB) inspiredC) excitedD) illuminated68. He ________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A) might have chosenB) might chooseC) had to chooseD) must have chosen69. Many visitors praised the magnificent architecture of the Palace, ________.A) known to foreigners for the Forbidden CityB) known for foreigners to be the Forbidden CityC) known to foreigners as the Forbidden CityD) know for foreigners as the Forbidden City70. The travelers ________ their journey after a short break.A) recoveredB) resumedC) renewedD) restoredPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in thecorresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as2. _______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.______the______We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar as ours. (71)You may have noticed about how people who live or work (72) closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy these we are close to or love or admire. So a spor tsman’s (73) individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admired (74) fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employer finds himself duplicating his boss’s habit of wagging (摆动) (75) a pen between his fingers while thinking.In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the (76) imitation but he will feel comfortably in its presence. And if he does (77) notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people; they are drawn to them. (78) Sensitive people have been mirroring their friend and acquaintances (79) all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way without aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win (80) agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical imitation.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 现在有些不良的商业广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度1995年1月六级参考答案Part I1. C2. B3. C4. D5. A6. D7. D8. B9. C 10. B11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D16. B 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. CPart II21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. BPart III41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C46. B 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. B51. A 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. C56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. C61. B 62. A 63. C 64. D 65. C66. D 67. A 68. A 69. C 70. B71. as → to72. about → /73. these → those74. admired → admiring75. employer → employee76. consciously → unconsciously77. comfortably → comfortable78. them → him79. friend → friends80. (without) → (without) being1995年1月六级听力原文Section A1. W: You wanted to see me, Mr. Wright?M: Yes, Miss Gray. You’ll have to start getting to work on time, or your service will no longer be needed here.Q: What happened to Miss Gray?2. M: You know, I’m just not too sure if the new salary will be high enough or even the new position is really what I want. Besides, I like the work that I am doing now.W: It sounds as though you’ve already made up your mind ab out what you are going to do.Q: What is the man thinking about?3. W: I’m looking for textbook for my Psychology course. It’s called “Introduction to Educational Psychology”. Do you have it? M: Yes, we do. You’ll find it in Section 24 on the top shelf.Q: What’s the man’s occupation?4. W: Oh, this is a beautiful city. I’m really glad I’ve brought my camera.M: Yes, there are lots of things to take pictures of here. But I。
2023年6月英语六级真题及参考答案
2023年6月英语六级真题及参考答案六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，找准具体选项内容，忽略套数！网络综合版：听力第一套Conversation One M: Hi Lily, how's the new apartment? W: It's okay. M:What? How can it be just okaywhen last week you were thrilledabout the place and keptnosting photos of it online? W:Well,【1】last week whenfmoved in, the apartment seemed cozy, justthe right size forone person. But nowit just seems tiny, shabby and solitary. M: Al that's the problem. You missyour roommates from university,don't you? W: I'm going to sound like G idiot【2】because Iused to complain to youall the time about how crowded ourdormitory room was, and about allthe things they did to irritate me, likewatching movies late at night withoutheadphones, or talking loudly early inthe morning. But now Imiss themterribly. M: Of course you do. That's perfectlynormal. When I got my first place,Iremember thinking I could ti wait tolive by myself and get away from myjuvenile roommates and all their annoyipghabits.【3】But then began issing them and feelinglonely and thinking that our dormitory was like paradise. Even though there were six of us guys inone small room. W: I thought it was just m who reltlike thiat. M: Look, you lived at home with us.And then you had three roommates.And this is your first time living alone.So i hard But your first apartmentis a milestone in your life. And youshould celebrate it. Tell me about theapartment. W: Actuaily, it's not bad. In fact, it'spretty adorable. Now that I have decorated it and it has et rjthing Ineed. I have a kitchen to cook in thebathroom al! to myself.And then anothes room with my bed at one endand the sofa, a small table and chairsat the C herend. M: That does sound adorable, and【4】Ican't wait to see it. And neither canmom and dad. Question 1: What was the woman'sfirst impression of the apartment? Question 2: Why does the womansay she's going to sound like an idiot? Question 3: What do we learn about the man when he left thedormitory to live on his own? Question 4: What is the man say hecan't wait to do. W: Welcome to our program book talk. Q5.ourgyest today is FrankJonesiditicbf our education system and the author of new book,How to reform our universitres. M: Hello, Susan. W: Frank, you support radicallychanging universities in America. Yes. Q6.I believe that the purpose of highereduad grefo prepare young peopleto enter the workforce and that ourcurrent system fails to do this, We'reallocating too many resou disciplines that don't match the needsof employers. W: I think your attitude to education isa bit cynical Frank. Surely the purpose of university is to prepareyoung people to participate fully incivic life rather than just to find wellpaid jobs. M: Susan, many young graduates struggle to find any job let alone agood one. The job markc isgrim.Particulaniior students who studythe arts. I agree that it isn't easy foryoungr gegple to find work, but youpropose closing down alt departments that aren't directly related to science and technology. Isthat really the solution? M: You're overstating my paint. Q7.My argument is that we need it use moer of our budget on areas like science and engineering. To do that, we needto take money from subjects likeliterature and music W: Q8,But the arts have value. They'rean important part of our culture.studying literature or music or sculpture might not result in a job inthatae But it helps young people tothink about the world in a.deeperway, which makes them b citizens and makes fora better society. M:l agree that the arts are valuable tosociety, but it's naive to think that notonly tk miost talented, but allstudents should study them at university level. The odds are verycompetitive, and most graduates willend up with a great deal of debt,obtaining a degree that has littlevalue on the job market. Question 5. What do we learn from theconversation about the man? Question 6. What does the manbelieve is the problem with the current AmericanSystem of Higher Education? Question 7. How should the educationbudget be allocated according to theman? Question 8. What does the woman saythe arts can do? Passage One Do you ever have the annoying feetingthat you don't have time to really thinkanymore? You're not alone.【Q9】A variet dtdrs have conspired to robus of time for reflectionourselves and our lives. preoccupied minds are rarely Silent.The average person receives hundredsof texts and voice messages a day. Andholidays for many of us are action-packed weeks more likely full of familyactivities than opportunities fortranquility and contemplation.【Q10】Regular reflection,howe,underlies all great professionals. It's a prerequisite for you to recharge yourmental batteries. See things in a newlight and tap into your creativity. Almost all of the great advisors that Ihave studied have found ways to getaway from it all and contemplate theirlife and work. Some researchers in thefield of creativity, in fact, believe thatinsight occurs during the reflection and relaxation that follows aCeriod of intense actvity. Schedule your time for reflection aboutyourwork ora particular proiect you're engaged in. I usually biock outhalf an hour. Don't answer the phone.Push your papers to the side. Sketch,make lists, draw mind maps of ideasthat come to you. At the end, write down any emerging ideas. When you're alone, stop worrying andthink. A lot of our downtime is spentworryingabout troublesc ne thihgs inour lives or fantasizing aboat how we'dlike our lives to be.【Q11】 Revisitthings during moments of relaxationafter a periodnof intense work. This iswhenwe are the most creative. Question 9 What do we learn about thefeeling that one doesn't heeitime tothink anymore? Questica 10 What trait do all greatprofessionals share? Question 11 What is some researchersbelieve is conducive to creative ideas? Passage Two had post offices The first opened in 1859 in asettlement founded by migrants searching for gold,Life could be unpredictable outwest. Gold failed to appear. Drought ruinedfarmers, and settlers clashed with_NativeAmericans. On the settlement's location now stands asprawling University campus. Amid all thechanges, one feature remained constant: thepostal service. The maps tracing America'swestward expansion are telling in 1864 therewere few postat branches on land controlledby Native Americans, which still accountedfor most of the West. Over the next 25 years,post offices grew quickly. Colonization'of theWest could be regarded as a result of biggovernment rather than pioneers.【13】Asfederal subsidies and land grants temptedpeople into the deserts and plains, the postkept them connected. In the mid-19th century, the Post OfficeDepartment was far from a centralizedbureaucracy. To keep up with migrationpatterns, postal services were added toexisting businesses. 【14】The federal government commissioned private wagons themail. Short term contracts were granted tolocal businessman to act as postmasters.These partnerships enabled the mail to quickly followmigrants helping knit togetherremote parts of the country. Mr. Bellavance, a digital historian, wrote abook on the history of the US postal service. 【15】 He used the data science to analyzehistorical trends, Most strikingly he built anaccompanying website, complekw;Tinteractive maps.They show readers-howwithin a generation the postal service helpedcolonize a continent. These online interactivemaps illustrate the formative power of snailmail. Q12 What does the passage say AboutColorado before it became a state? Q13 How did the postal service contribute toAmerica's westward expansion? Q14 What did the federal government:do tomeet the increasing demand for the postalservice in the West? Q15 What did Mr. Bellavance do to study thehistory of the US postal service? 听力演讲1 In last week's lecture, we discussed reasons whypeople forget things. This week we will discuss asurprising reason why we might remember somethings, anxiety. Think about something as simple asbuying a coffee. That may not seem like an experience that would make a deep impression onyour memory. But anxiety could change that. Q16.In fact, a new study suggests that people withhigher anxiety levels mightremembertertain information better than people with lower anxietylevels. That's because higher levels of anxiety may makepeople moresusceptible to negative feelings, putting them in a more negative state of mind. Thatin turn, may make them able to better remembersome events. Let's take a closer look at that newstudy now. Q17. In this study, tseardhersstarted by giving 80 undergraduate students ananxiety test. The test measure the participantsanxiety levels over the proceeding two weeks. Then, to test memory, the participants were showna series of neutral words one at a time. Some of thewords were printed onto photos of negative scenes,meaning images that could affect their emotionsnegatively, such as a photo of a car accident, or acemetery. The rest of the words were printed ontophotos of neutral scenes, such as a photo of a lakeor trees. Neutral words included words like table ordesk that don't elicit emotion. Later, the participants were asked to think back tothe words they were shown earlier, which causedthem to reenter either a negative or neutral mindset. The participants were then presented withanother set of neutral words, and their memory ofthese new words was tested. The researchers found that the new words presented to people in a negative mindset werebetter remembered by people with higher levels ofanxiety than those with lower levels of anxiety. In other words, when highly anxious individualstook in otherwise emotionallyneutral informationthat was presented to them, it became colored bytheir negative mindset, making them remember theinformation better. But these same effects were notseen in people with low levels of anxiety. Q18. Previous studies havefound that extremeevels of anxiety such as those experienced bypeople diagnosed with an anxiety disorder can bequite detrimentalto memory and cognitive performan But the highly anxious people in thisstudy represent individuals who are managing theiranxiety and for whom anxiety is not. a seriousproblem. Question 16. What does the speaker say the newstudy suggests? Question 17. What did researchers do first in thenew study? Question 18. What do we learn from previousstudies aboutlanxiety? Over the past 20 years, the u ternet hasgradually become a dominant featureof our lives. It has changed how wecommunicate with each other. And ithas definitely transformed the way wedo business with each other:Marketinghas also changed in a number of ways. For instance, in the past, consumershad to call a phone number and patiently wait on hold in order to getthe information they wanted. [Q19]Today, they want the informationimmediately. They'll go to the company's sociaLmediapdc nifostcomments and questions expecting toreceive an immediate response. If theydon't get their questions answeredsoon they'll move on to anothercompany that will answer themquickly. Marketing departments today need tofollow technological development.Forexample, this year smartphone issmarter than last years. s fariving cars are now on the road. Marketershave to do research on which techncingies:are coming into bsing,otherwise, they risk being leit behindin the virtual dust. Marketing has also changed due to theimportance of video. People don't justwant to read text. They walt to watchthings happening. Companies now have to explore how they can use videoon a consistent basis to share information about their sinesses.Fortunately, it's extremely easy to shoot something these days. All youneed is a smartphone. But what's the result of all this? Shorteraitention spans? We aren't the samepeople that we were 20 yedi ago. Notonly have we grown accustomed togetting the information we want instantaneously, our attention spansare much shorter. If something doesn'tcaptulc ourattention within a few seconds. We're on to the next piece ofcontent.[Q20]Marketers need to figureout ways to speak directly to the customer's emotions and they need tofigure out how to do that as quickly aspossible. Once people are emotionallyengaged, they'll stick with you. If marketingi has changed this much inthe past 20 years, imagine what thenext 20 years will bring li ai recentsurvey, only 9% of marketers could saywith confidence that their marketingefforts were actually working. Theirconfidence is being shaken becausethe rules of the game change everyyear. That's why [Q21]it'simportant for marketers to pay attention to the latest technological devel and consider collaborating with technological innovators. That way,they'll be moving at the samepace asthe tech industry. Question 19 What does the speaker sayabout today's consumers? Question 20 How do marketers captureconsumers'attention as quickly aspossible? Question 21 What does the speakersuggest marketers do to meet futurechalletes? 演讲3 You might be surprised to learn that [Q22] thebenefits offriendships extend beyond people's sociallifeand into their work, which is interestingwhen cd lili the extent to which people sacrifice friendships, or at least the time they spendwith friends because of the exte edihairsthey'redevoting to work. Just last week, rwas remarking toa colleague that I'm content with only one socialengagement per week. But according to recentresearch, that's evidently not enough. In an initial study of more than 700 respondents,scholars from an American university [Q23] analyzethe imrf thst:fiends as opposed to family haveon sel dem Jahd well-being. Friends came outsubstantially on top. That's because to be someone's mate is a voluntary act. Unlike familywho people rarely get to choose. The researchersfound that when people choose to cultivate andmaintain supportive friendships with an individual,it means that the person is valued and worthy oftheir limited time. Such sentiments of value andworthiness boost our self-esteem. The second study comprised more than 300 participants. It proved that the better we feel aboutourselves, the more likely we will perform our jobconfidently andcompetently. This follow-up studyfound that [Q24] non-work friends even improvedpeople's job satisfaction. They have as much of animpact on how much they love their jobs, as do thefriends they have at work, despite not actuallybeing at our place of work. These types of friendstend to be our preferred outlet fo nni aboutwork-related mattersyThis is an avenue that maynot be available at the office. So even though friendships can be easy to neglectwhen confronted-by pressures at work, or evenpressures at home, neglecting our friends can turnout to be harmful and counterproductive. That'swhy when determining how to create a better work-life balance, we need to consider not only how tobalance work and family demands, but also how tocultivate and sustain supportive friendships. It's for employees for flexible work arrangements. It's irrelevant whether their need for a desired scheduleis due to say, parenting responsibilities, or a craving to hang out with their best mate. Whatmatters is the opportunity to engage in a nourishingactiyity outside of work. That will definitely have afollow-on effect at work. Q 22 What does the speaker say is interesting? Q 23 What did researchers from an Americanuniversity analyze in their initial study? Q 24 What did the second study find aboutmon-work friends? Q 25 What does the speaker suggest managers do? 参考答案： 1.A) She is drawn to its integration of design andengineering. 2.D) Through hard work. 3.C) It is long-lasting. 4.A) Computer science. 5.B) He is well known to the public. 6.D) Serve as a personatassistant. 7.D) He has little previous work experience. 8.C) He has a high proficiency in several languages. 9.A) They have fewer rules and pressures. 10.D) They deprive kids of the opportunity todevelop team spirit. 11.C) Let them participate in some less risky outdooractivities. 12.B) Tech firms intentionally design products tohave short lifespans. 13.C) List a repairability score of their product. 14.D) Take the initintive to reduce electronic waste. 15.A) It can be solved. 16.B) How to prevent employees from cyberloafing. 17.C) Cyberloafing may relieve employees of stress. 18.A) Taking mini-breaks means better jobperfontance. 19.D) There were no trees. 20.B) He founded a newspaper and used it topromote his ideas. 21.B) The state government declared it the officialArbor Day. 22.B)They moved ou of Africa about 60,000 yearsago. 23.D) The discovery of two modern human teeth inChina. 24.A) There must have been some reason for humanmigration.25.D) What path modern humans took to migrateout of America.听力第二套参考答案：作文： 心理健康 Mental well-being is regarded as a state of health where a person is able to address normal stresses in daily life. Recently,this state has been grasped as much attention as physical health. Obviously, there are several factors that affect people's mental well-being. Firstly, a strong contributor to mental well-being refers to the state of a person'susual environ-ment. Adverse environmental circumstances can lea negative effectson psychological wellness. Living in a positive social environment, in contrast, can provide protection against mental challenges. Secondly, people's lifestyle can also impact their mental health. Smoking, a poor diet, alcohol con-sumption, substance use, and risky sexual behavior may result in psychological harm. Smoking, a poor diet, alcohol consump-tion, substance use, and risky sexual behavior may result in psychological harm. Worse, such behaviors have been linked to depression. In conclusion, because mental health is so important to general wellness, it's important that you take care of your mental health. Talking therapy, meditation and maintaining a positive outlook on life all contribute to people mental health. With a positive mental state, all areas of life will go towards active de-velopment. 友好的讨论 When faced with differing opinions, we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion and reasonable argu-ment. In our daily life, it is common to see college students struggling with a polite and logical way when their views differ from others'. Apparently, this issue has sparked public con-cerns. Friendly discussion allows individuals to share their perspec-tives and opinions in a respectful manner. This can lead to a better understanding of each other's viewpoints and poten-tially even finding common ground. In addition, reasonable ar-gument allows individuals to present evidence and logic to sup-port their position, which can help persuade others to see their point of view. However, it is important to note that not all disagreements can be resolved through discussionand argu-ment alone. In some cases, compromise may be necessary to reach a resolution that satisfies all parties involved. To sum up, friendly discussion and reasonable argument, to a large extent, are of great use. We should be open-minded and engaged in such practices. 教育的目标 Education has played an increasingly crucial role in modern so-ciety. We aim education on different levels at cultivating the to-be successors of our global village. One important goal that education is trying to achieve is help students master the ways to acquire knowledge. Of all the capabilities one can develop to acquire knowledge in being educated, three sorts are of the greatest significance.First of all, students who are receiving education definitely know that they are always ignorant of some branches in th eocean of knowledge, which can keep them modest and more willing to explore their unfamiliar realms, even deeper if they've already done so. Moreover, students can imitate what their teachers or professors do in or our of class and then gradually acquire the ability to undertake more scientific re-search and intellectual inquiries alone. Last but not least,youngsters who are accustomed to being educated at school or college are more likely to keep studying as a life-long habit,which will have a substantially positive effect on their own life and the future of the human world. In my perspective, education is one of the most marvelous social inventionsthat ever existed in human history. Without it, the whole globe can never continue developing further in a civilized and prosperous direction.星火英语版：听力部分（共2套）第一套1.B) It was warm and comfortable.2.B) She misses her roommates she used to complain about.3.C) He had a similar feeling to the woman's.4.A) Go to see the woman's apartment.5.D) He has published a book recently.6.C) It has not prepared young people for the job market.7.A) More of the budget should go to science and technology.8.D) Cultivate better citizens.9. A) It is quite common.10. B) Engaging in regular contemplation.11. D) Reflecting during ones relaxation.12. C) There existed post offices.13. D) It kept people in the deserts and plains connected.14. B) It commissioned private wagons to carry the mail.15. C) He examined its historical trends with data science.16. A) Higher levels of anxiety may improve people's memory.17）C) They measured the participants' anxiety levels.18.B) Extreme levels of anxiety can adversely affect cognitive performance.19. D) They expect to get instantaneous responses to their inquiry.20. C) Speaking directly to their emotions.21. B) Keep up with the latest technological developments.22. D) Friendships benefit work.23. A) The impact of friends on people's self-esteem.24. D) They increase people's job satisfaction.25. A) Allow employees to have a flexible work schedule.第二套1. A) She is drawn to its integration of design and engineering.2.D) Through hard work.3.C) It is long-lasting.4.A) Computer science.5.B) He is well known to the public.6.D) Serve as a personal assistant.7.D) He has little previous work experience.8.C) He has a high proficiency in several languages.9.A) They have fewer rules and pressures.10.D) They deprive kids of the opportunity to develop team spirit.11 C) Let them participate in some less risky outdoor activities.12. B) Tech firms intentionally design products to have short lifespans.13. C) List a repairability score of their product.14. D) Take the initintive to reduce electronic waste.15. A) It can be solved.16.B) How to prevent employees from cyberloafing.17.C) Cyberloafing may relieve employees of stress.18. A) Taking mini-breaks means better job perfontance.19.D) There were no trees.20.B) He founded a newspaper and used it to promote his ideas.21.B) The state government declared it the official Arbor Day.22.B）They moved ou of Africa about 60,000 years ago.23.D) The discovery of two modern human teeth in China.24.A) There must have been some reason for human migration.25.D) What path modern humans took to migrate out of America.翻译部分（共3套）1.中国文化出口近年来，越来越多的中国文化产品走向全球市场，日益受到海外消费者的青睐。
2022年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及参考答案
Part Writing (30 minutes)Ⅰno more than 200 words.<!--[endif]-->The Three-Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovativeBut many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of thefall-to-spring“schoolyear”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program.According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number ofinternational sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and payextra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. JudsonCollege, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for40 years. Students attend “short terms” in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among othercolleges offering three-year options.Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work.Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the fullfour-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will bewary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2020年7月英语六级真题及参考答案完整版
2020年7月英语六级真题及参考答案【完整版】四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，找具体选项内容，忽略套数。
无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本，仅供大家参考。
【有道考神版】【星火英语版】The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today对明天做好的准备就是今天做到最好范文：There is a famous saying that the best preparation for tomorrow is to do good work today. Simple as the saying is, it informs us that one doesn’t need to worry about the future if he can seize the moment.It is generally believed that taking immediate action is of great importance. Doing good work today enables people to achieve their great goals step by step. Assume a college student who is indulged in his wishful thinking of passing the CET-6 exam with a high score without any efforts and hardwork，and he will be devastated to accept the reality when he fails. The same thing may be said of some grown-ups who aspire to gain fame and fortune but never bother to put their splendid plans into practice immediately.Therefore, by some means or other we must take action to pursue our goals. It is necessary for us to aim high but our behaviors should also deserve our dreams. We are supposed to put our efforts into every single day and never look down upon those little tasks. Only in this way can we fulfill our dreams.Section AConversation OneQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. What do we learn about Anna Sanchez?定位句：(1) Mrs. Anna Sanchez is a three-time Olympic champion and author of the new book To the Edge Mrs. Sanchez,2. What is the woman’s book mainly about?定位句：(2) The book is about how science and technology has helped to push humans to the edge of their physical abilities.3. What has changed in the past thousands of years?定位句：(3) I believe that while our bodies have not changed in thousands of years, what has changed is the scientific knowledge.4. What is the man’s concern about the use of technology in sports competitions?定位句：(4) Is there any concern that technology is giving some athletes an unfair advantage over others.Conversation TwoQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the woman think is required to be successful in international trade?定位句：(5) Trends and demand come and go. So one needs to be very flexible to succeed in this industry.6. What does the woman say is special about her way of doing trade?定位句：(6) I even use the same container. It's a very efficient way of conducting trade.7. What does the woman have in both Italy and China?定位句：(7) I have a warehouse in Genova Italy and another in Shanghai.8. What does the woman say makes furniture marginally more profitable?定位句：(8) Furniture is marginally more profitable, mostly because it enjoys lower customs duties.Section BPassage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.8. What does the passage say about humor in the work place?定位句：(9)Humor unlocks the office prison because it lets adults bring some of their child-like spirit to the job.9. What does the study by Howard Poleo show?定位句：(10)Poleo conducted the study that proved humor can help workers excel at routine production tasks.11. What can ask employees do in the humor room?定位句：(11)Employees can take the doll apart, as long as they put arms and legs back in place.Passage two.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. What does the speaker say has aroused public interest?定位句：（12）Public interest was aroused by the latest discovery of a changed gene in an obese mice.13. What do we learn about the changed gene?定位句：（13）Those with the changed gene may not sense when they have eaten enough or if they have sufficient fatty tissue. And thus can't tell when to stop eating.14. What does university of Vermont psychologist Esther off burn say?定位句：（14） This research indicates that people really are born with a tendency to have a certain weight, just as they are to have a particular skin color or height.15. What accounts for Americans obesity according to a survey by the center fordisease control?定位句：（15）Such rapid change underlines the role of environmental factors, like the abundance of rich foods in Americans overeating.Section CRecording OneQuestions 16 to18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. What quality do men value most concerning friendship according to a questionnaire response?定位句： (16) Asked to consider the ingredients of close friendship, women rated these qualities above all others, men assigned a lower priority to them in favor of similarity and interests (selected by 77% of men),17. What do women refer to when speaking of close friendships?定位句：(17) It is evident by their selections that when women speak of close friendships, they're referring to emotional factors,18. What may threaten a friendship for both men and women?定位句：(18) As for the hazards of friendship, more than a few relationships have been shattered because of cutthroat competition and feelings of betrayal. This applies to both men and women, but unequally.Recording TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. Where can many of the best dinosaur specimens be found in North America?定位句：(19)Many of the best specimens may be seen today at museums of natural history in the larger cities of the United States and Canada.20. What occurs to many people when they see the massive bones in the pit wall?定位句： (20)Many people get the idea from the massive bones in the pit wall that some disaster such as a volcanic explosion or a sudden flood killed a whole herd of dinosaurs in this area.21. What does the speaker suggest about the large number of dinosaur bones found in the pit?定位句： (21)The pit area is the large dinosaur graveyard, not a place where they died. Most of the remains probably floated down on eastward flowing river until they were left on a shallow sandbar.Recording ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on recording you have just heard.21. What have young Americans been accused of?定位句（22）Young people in this country have been accused of not caring for their parents the way they would have in the old country.22. What does the speakers say about old people in the United States?定位句：（23）old people have been influenced by an American ideal of independence and autonomy. So we live alone, perhaps on the verge of starvation in time without friends. But we are independent.23. What is astonishing to the young mothers interviewed by the speaker?定位句：（24）They were astonished to hear that in most of the world, throughout most of its history, families have been three or four generation families living under the same roof.25. What does the speakers say older people try their best to do?定位句：(25)So in the end, older people have to devote all their energies to not being a burden.阅读26.grabbed27.disaster28.stake29.overwhwlming30.eroding31.deteriorating32.stagnation33.determined34.urgent35.capacity36.Cpiaget Believed that small children 37. JThe author and his colleagues38.BIn the latter half of the last century 39.AResearch conducted by Jane.40.KOur improved understanding of babies.41. EIt has been found in recent research 42.MScientists are still debating.43.Hthe newer research methods focus on 44.DWith the progress in psychology45.LEven though marked advances have been made.46.B.They hold a different view on stress from the popular one.47.DThey apply extreme tactics.48.AThey help him combat stress from work.49.CIt is something everybody has to live with.50.CIts effect varies considerably from person to person.51.BHunting may also be asolution.52.AIt keeps him pollution under control.53.AOver pollution is not an issue.54.CMany birds and small animals are being.55.CCoordinated efforts of hunter.翻译《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。
2023年12月英语六级真题及答案第一套
2023年12月英语六级真题及答案第一套阅读理解部分Passage 1题目：What does the passage mainly discuss?选项：A. The benefits of exercise for mental health.B. The relationship between physical and mental health.C. The role of exercise in preventing mental illness.D. The negative effects of sedentary lifestyle on mental health.答案：BPassage 2题目：What are the problems caused by excessive screen time? 选项：A. Increased risk of obesity and diabetes.B. Negative impact on academic performance.C. Sleep disturbances and mental health issues.D. All of the above.答案：DPassage 3题目：What does the passage suggest about financial status and mental health?选项：A. Financial stress can lead to mental health problems.B. Wealthy individuals are more likely to experience mental illness.C. There is no correlation between financial status and mental health.答案：A完形填空部分题目：It is important to __________ our daily routines in order to maintain good mental health.选项：A. interruptB. evaluateC. abandonD. establish答案：D翻译部分根据提供的题目和选项，选择正确答案。
2022年12月大学英语六级笔试真题和答案下载(三套)
作文（三套）更多样、有效的学习方式Learn in diverse and effective waysWith the application of information technology in education,college students can now learn in more diverse and effective ways.Benefited from this,students' learning efficiency and learning effect has been improved.First of all,studying through the online courses offered by the university is the most common way for college students to study nowadays.Online education gets rid of the traditional offline teaching mode,so that students are no longer restricted by time and place.Even thousands of miles away,through the Internet,students can learn knowledge anytime and anywhere,which greatly saves time.Secondly, through the Internet,many college students can achieve unprecedented interaction,feedback and communication with teachers,classmates and friends. The learning scope and communication objects are also expanded with the application of information technology in education,which is more convenient and efficient than the traditional learning methods.Finally,college students can learn what they are interested in through a variety of online platforms,which cover a broader and more cutting-edge range of knowledge than what is taught in school.We college students should actively adapt to and effectively make use of the more diversified and effective learning styles.Only in this way can we quickly grow intothe talents needed by the society.随着信息技术在教育中的应用，大学生现在可以以更加多样和有效的方式学习。
2020年12月英语六级真题及参考答案完整版
2020年12月英语六级真题及参考答案完整版四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，请找具体选项内容，忽略套数。
无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本(有文字也有图片，图片可以自由拉伸)，仅供大家参考。
【网络综合版】听力Conversation 1M: Good morning, safe house insurance. My name is Paul. How can I help you today? W: Morning. I wouldn’t say that it’s good from where I am standing. This is Miss Wilson, and this is the third time I’ve called this week since receiving your letter about our insurance claim. (1) I’m getting a little fed up with my calls about my claim being completely disregarded.M: Miss Wilson, thank you for calling back. Can I take some details to help me look at your claim?W: It’s Miss May Wilson, a 15 south sea road in Cornwall.And the details are that our village was extensively flooded 2 months ago. (2) The entire ground floor of our cottage was submerged in water. And five of us have been living in a caravan ever since. You people are still withholding the money we are entitled to overa bizarre, technical detail. And it’s not acceptable, Paul.M: Miss Wilson, according to the notes on your account, (3) the bizarre, technical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact that you hadn’t paid house insurance the month before the incident.W: That money left our account and wow that you should be paying out. You are suddenly saying that you di dn’t receive it on time. I’m really skeptical about this claim.M: The contract does say that any miss payment in a year will affect the terms and conditions of the insurance contract and may affect claims. Of course, I can pass you on to my manager to talk to you more about this.W: I’ve already spoken to him and you can tell him I’m furious now. And that your company has a lawsuit on its hands.(4) You will be hearing from my lawyer, good bye.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 1: What is the woman complaining about?1. B) Her claim has been completely disregarded.Question 2: What is the problem the woman’s family encountered?2. B) The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.Question 3: What has caused the so called bizarre, technical detail according to the man?3. A) The woman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.Question 4: What does the woman say she will do at the end of the conversation?4. D) File a lawsuit against the insurance company.Conversation 2W: (5) How do you feel about the future of artificial intelligence? Personally, I feel quite optimistic about it.M: (5) AI? I’m not so optimistic actually. In fact it's, something we should be concerned about.W: Well, it will help us humans understand ourselves better and when we have a better understanding of ourselves, we can improve the world.M: Well, one thing is for sure, technology is evolving faster than our ability to understand it, and in the future AI will make jobs kind of pointless.W: (6) I think artificial intelligence will actually help create new kinds of jobs, which would require less of our time and allow us to be centered on creative tasks. M: I doubt that very much. Probably the last job that will be writing AI software and then eventually AI will just write his own software.W: At that time, we are going to have a lot of jobs which nobody will want to do.So we won’t need artificial intelligence for the robots to take care of the old guys like us.M: I don't know. (7) There's a risk that human civilization could be replaced bya superior type of digital life. AI will be able to completely simulate a personin every way possible. In fact, some people think we're in a simulation right now.W: That's impossible. Humans can't even make a mosquito. Computers only have chips, people have brains, and that's where the wisdom comes from.M: (8) Once it's fully developed, AI will become tired of trying to communicate withhumans as we would be much slower thinkers in comparison.W: I'm not so sure. A computer is a computer and a computer is just a toy.M: Computers can easily communicate incredibly fast, so the computer will just get impatient talking to humans. It'll be barely getting any information out. W: Well, I believe there's a benevolent future with AI. I also think you watch too many science fiction films.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5 What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?5. C) They disagree about the future of AI technology.Q6 What will new kinds of jobs be like according to the woman?6. D) Less time-consuming and focusing on creation.Q7 What is the risk the man anticipates?7. C) Digital life could replace human civilization.Q8 What is the man's concern about AI technology?8. A) It will be smarter than human beings.Passage OneTo achieve financial security. How much you save is always more important. Then the amount you earn or how shrewdly you invest.(9) If you're under 30 years old, your goal should be to save 20% of your monthly income after tax deductions. This is irrespective of how much you earn. Approximately 50% should be reserved foressentials, like food and accommodation. The remaining 30% is for recreation and entertainment. But for many young people, it'll be difficult to designate such a large proportion of their income for savings. (10) If you find it hard to save any money at all start by cutting all unnecessary spending, allocate a tiny amount of 1 or 2% for savings, and gradually increase that amount. (11)Always keep that 20% goal in mind, prevent yourself from becoming complacent. It can be challenging to stick to such a strict plan. But if you adopt the right mindset, you should be able to make it work for you. So what should you be doing with the money that you are saving? Some must be kept easily accessible. In case you need some cash in an emergency, the largest proportion should be invested in retirement plans, either for your employer, all privately, you can keep some money for high risk, but potentially lucrative investments. Dividends can be reinvested or used to purchase something you like. By following this plan, you should hopefully be able to enjoy your life now, and still be financially secure in the future.Questions, 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q 9. What are people under 30 advised to do to achieve financial security?9. C) Save one-fifth of their net monthly income.Q10. What should people do if they find it difficult to follow the speaker's advice on their financial plan?10. D) Start by doing something small.Q 11. What does the speaker think is important for achieving financial security?11. A) A proper mindset.Passage TwoI work in advertising and I like to keep up with current trends, mainly because I'm aware that we live in an image obsessed world.(12)However, when I first started my job, occasionally I’d catch a glimpse of myself in the lifts and find myself thinking that I looked a total mess. Was I being held back by my choice of clothing? The short answer is “Yes”, especially when clients are quick to judge you on your style rather than your work.(13) But no one can be unique with her outfit every day. I mean that's why uniforms were invented. So here's what I did. I created my own uniform. To do this, I chose an appropriate outfit. Then I bought multiple items of the same style in different shades.Now, I never worry about what I'm wearing in the morning. Even if I do get a bit tired of just wearing the same classic pieces. (14)Overall, when it comes to work, you have to ask yourself with looking smarter can enhance my ability to do my job.For some, this question may not be an issue at all, especially if you work remotely and rarely see your colleagues or clients face to face. But if your job involves interacting with other people, the answer to this is often “yes”. (15) So rather than fighting the system, I think we should just do whatever helps us toachieve our goals at work. If that means playing it safe with your image, then let's face it. It's probably worth it.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q 12. What do we learn about the speaker when she first started her job?12. A) She found her outfit inappropriate.Q 13. Why were uniforms invented according to the speaker?13. D) To save the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.Q 14. What does the speakers say about looking smarter?14. B) It matters a lot in jobs involving interactions with others.Q 15. What does the speaker advise people to do in an image obsessed world? 15. C) Do whatever is possible to look smart.Recording OneDid you know that Americans have approximately 3 times the amount of space we had 50 years ago? Therefore, you'd think would have sufficient room for all of our possessions. On the contrary, the personal storage business is now a growing industry. We've got triple the space, but we've become such enthusiastic consumers that we require even more. (16) This phenomenon has resulted in significant credit card debt, enormous environmental footprints, and perhaps not coincidentally our happiness levels have failed to increase over the same half century.I'm here to suggest an alternative. They’re having less might actually be a preferable decision. Many of us have experienced at some stage, the pleasure of possessing less. (17) I propose that less stuff and less space can not only help you economize, but also simplify your life. I recently started an innovative project to discover some creative solutions that offered me everything I required. By purchasing an apartment. There was 40 square meters instead of 60. I immediately saved $200,000. Smaller space leads to reduced utility bills and also a smaller carbon footprint, because it's designed around an edited collection of possessions, limited to my favorite stuff. I'm really excited to live there.How can we live more basically? Firstly, we must briefly cut the unnecessary objects out of our lives to stem consumption. We should think before we buy and ask ourselves: Will it truly make me happier? Obviously, we should possess some great stuff but we want belongings that we’re going to love for years. Secondly, we require space efficiency. We want appliances that are designed for use most of the time, not for occasional use. Why own a six burner when you really use even three burners?Finally, we need multifunctional spaces and housewares. I combined a movable wall with transforming furniture to get more out of my limited space. Consider my coffee table. It increases in size to accommodate ten. My office is tucked away, easily hidden. My bed simply pops out of the wall. For gas, I can relocate the movable wall and utilize the foldable guest beds I installed. I’m not saying we should all live in tiny apartments, but consider the benefits of an edited life. When you returnhome and walk through your front door, take a moment to ask yourselves. Could I do with a little life editing? Would that give me more freedom and more time? Question 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 16. What has prevented American's happiness levels from increasing? 16. B) Their obsession with consumption.Question 17. What things should we possess according to the speaker?17. A) Things that we cherish most.Question 18. What do we learn about the items in the speaker’s home?18. C) They serve multiple purposes.Recording TwoNow, believe it or not, (19) people sometimes lie in order to maintain a good, honest reputation, even if it hurts them to do so. At least, this is what a team of scientists is suggesting with evidence to prove it.Picture this scenario—you often drive for work and can be compensated for up to 400 miles per month. Most people at your company drive about 300 miles each month. But th is month you drove 400 miles. How many miles do you think you’d claim in your expense report? The scientists asked this exact question as part of the study we’re discussing today. With surprising results, they found that 12% of respondents reported the distance they drove as less than the actual figure, giving an average answer of 384 miles. In other words, they lied about the number of miles, even though they would forfeit money they were owed. The researchers believe this was to seemhonest with the assumption being that others would be suspicious of a high expense claim.But why would people fabricate numbers to their own detriment? (20) The researchers explained that many people care a great deal about their reputation and how they’ll be judged by other s. If they care enough, they’re concerned about appearing honest and not losing the respect of others—maybe greater than their desire to actually be honest. The researchers assert that the findings suggest that when people obtain very favorable outcomes, t hey anticipate other people’s suspicious reactions and prefer lying and appearing honest to telling the truth and appearing as selfish liars.So why is this research important? Well, experts generally agree there are two main types of lie—selfish lies and lies that are meant to benefit others. The first, as you may predict, is for selfish gain, such as submitting a fraudulent claim to an insurance company, while the second involves lying to help others or not offend others. For example, telling a friend wh ose outfit you don’t like that they look great. But the researchers are suggesting a third type of lying: lying to maintain a good reputation.Now this hypothesis is new, and some skeptics argue that this isn’t a whole new category of lie. (21) But the findings seem intuitive to me. After all, one of the main motivations for lying is to increase our worth in the eyes of others. So it seems highly likely that people will lie to seem honest.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 19: What did a team of scientists find in their study?19. D) Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distance they drove.Question 20: why would people fabricate numbers to their own detriment according to the researchers?20. B) They want to protect their reputation.Question 21: What does the speaker think of the researchers findings?21. C) They seem intuitive.Recording Three(22) Why do old people dislike new music? As I’ve grown older, I often hear people my age say things like, “T hey just don’t make good music like they used to.” (22) Why does this happen? Luckily, psychology can give us some insights into this puzzle. Musical taste begins crystallized as early as age 13 or 14. By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get l ocked into place pretty firmly.(23) In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have stopped listening to new music. Meanwhile, popular songs released when you in the early teens are likely to remain quite popular among your age group for the rest of your life. There could be a biological explanation for this. As there’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords,rhythms, and melodies deteriorate rates with age, so to older people, newer, less familiar songs might all sound the same.But there may be some simpler reasons for older people’s aversion to new music.(24) One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called the “mere exposure effect”, which, in essence, means that the more we’re exposed to something, the more we tend to like it. This happens with people we know, the advertisements we see, and the songs we listen to.When you’re in your early teens, you probably spend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos. Your favorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine. For many people over 30, job and family obligations increase. So there’s less time to spend discovering new music. Instead, many will simply listen to old familiar favorites from that period of their lives when they had more free time.Of course, those teen years weren’t necessarily care f ree. They’re famously confusing, which is why so many TV shows and movies revolve around high school turmoil. Psychology research has shown that (25) the emotions that we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later. And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memories and preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved. So t here’s nothing wrong with your parents because t hey don’t like your music. Rather, it’s all part of the natural order of things.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 22. What does the speaker mainly discuss in this talk?22. A) Older people’ s aversion to new music.Question 23. What have studies found about most people by the time they turn 33?23. C) They find all music sounds the same.Question 24. What do we learn from one of the most researched laws of social psychology?24. A) The more you experience something, the better you’ll appreciate it. Question 25. What might explain the fact that songs people listen to in their teen years are memorable and beloved?25. D) Teenagers’ emotions are more intense.听力参考答案：1.B)Her claim has been completely disregarded2.B) The groundfloor of their cottage was flooded3.A)Thewoman's failure to pay her house insurance intime4.D)Filea lawsuit against the insurance company .5.C) They disagree about the future of Al technology .6.D)Lesstime- consuming and focusing on creation7.C) Digitallife could replace human civilization8.A)It will be smarter than human beings9.C)Saveone-ffth of their net monthly income10.D) Start by doing something small11.A)A proper mindset12.A)She found her outfit inappropriate13.D) To save the trouble of choosing a unique outfit everyday14.B)It matters alot in jobs involving interactions withothers15.C)Do whatever is possible to looksmart .16.B) Their obession with consumption17.A) Things that we cherish most18.C) They serve multiple purposes19.D) Over 10%of the respondents lied about the distancethe drove20.B) They want to protect their reputation21.C)Theyseemintuitive.22.A)Olderpeople'sa version to new music .23.C) They find all music sounds the same .24.A) The more you experience something ， the better youllappreciate it.25.D)Teenagers' emotions are more intense .翻译第一套港珠澳大桥（Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macau Bridge)全长55公里，是我国一项不同寻常的工程壮举。
2021年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第3套)
2021年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第3套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 说明：由于2021年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel __26__ become brittle （脆的）at temperatures below about -25℃ unless they are mixed with other metals. Now, though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists __27__ at much lower temperatures, while retaining its strength and toughness—without the need for expensive __28__.Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After German U-boats torpedoed （用鱼雷攻击）numerous British ships, a 2,700-strong fleet of cheap- and-cheerful "Liberty ships" was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the __29__ British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships __30__ in the icy north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank.Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs in the Arctic. So scientists have __31__ to find a solution by mixing it with expensive metals such as nickel.Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical__32__. Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe mechanical deformation, known as tempforming.The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is __33__ to that of modem steels that are very rich in alloy content and, therefore, very expensive.Kimura's team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as bolts. They hope to reduce both the number of __34__ needed in a construction job and their weight—by replacing solid supports with __35__ tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges.A）abruptlyB）additivesC）approachD）ardentlyE）besiegedF）channelG）comparableH）componentsI）crackedJ）fracturesK）hollowL）relevantM）reshuffledN）strivedO）violentSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The future of personal satellite technology is here—are we ready for it?A）Satellites used to be the exclusive playthings of rich governments and wealthy corporations. But increasingly, as space becomes more democratized, they are coming within reach of ordinary people. Just like drones （无人机）before them, miniature satellites are beginning to fundamentally transform our conceptions of who gets to do what up above our heads.B）As a recent report from the National Academy of Sciences highlights, these satellites hold tremendous potential for making satellite-based science more accessible than ever before. However, as the cost of getting your own satellite in orbit drops sharply, the risks of irresponsible use grow. The question here is no longer "Can we?" but "Should we?" What are the potential downsides of having a slice of space densely populated by equipment built by people not traditionally labeled as "professionals" ? And what would the responsible and beneficial development and use of this technology actually look like? Some of the answers may come from a nonprofit organization that has been building and launching amateur satellites for nearly 50 years.C）Having your personal satellite launched into orbit might sound like an idea straight out of science fiction. But over the past few decades a unique class of satellites has been created that fits the bill: CubeSats. The "Cube" here simply refers to the satellite's shape. The most common CubeSat is a 10cm cube, so small that a single CubeSat could easily be mistaken for a paperweight on your desk. These mini-satellites can fit in a launch vehicle's formerly "wasted space. " Multiples can be deployed in combination for more complexmissions than could be achieved by one CubeSat alone.D）Within their compact bodies these minute satellites are able to house sensors and communications receivers/transmitters that enable operators to study Earth from space, as well as space around Earth. They're primarily designed for Low Earth Orbit （LEO）—an easily accessible region of space from around 200 to 800 miles above Earth, where human-tended missions like the Hubble Space Telescope and the International Space Station （ISS） hang out. But they can attain more distant orbits; NASA plans for most of its future Earth-escaping payloads （to the moon and Mars especially） to carry CubeSats.E）Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a CubSat into Earth's orbit than a traditional communications or GPS satellite. For instance,a research group here at Arizona State University recently claimed their developmental small CubeSats could cost as little as $3,000 to put in orbit. This decrease in cost allows researchers, hobbyists and even elementary school groups to put simple instruments into LEO or even having them deployed from the ISS.F）The first CubeSat was created in the early 2000s,as a way of enabling Stanford graduate students to design, build,test and operate a spacecraft with similar capabilities to the USSR's Sputnik （前苏联的人造卫星）.Since then, NASA, the National Reconnaissance Office and even Boeing have all launched and operated CubeSats. There are more than 130 currently in operation. The NASA Educational Launch of Nano Satellite program, which offers free launches for educational groups and science missions, is now open to U. S. nonprofit corporations as well. Clearly, satellites are not just for rocket scientists anymore.G）The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes CubeSats' importance in scientific discovery and the training of future space scientists and engineers. Yet it also acknowledges that widespread deployment of LEO CubeSats isn't risk-free. The greatest concern the authors raise is space debris—pieces of "junk" that orbit the earth, with the potential to cause serious damage if they collide with operational units, including the ISS.H）Currently, there aren't many CubeSats and they're tracked closely. Yet as LEO opens up to more amateur satellites, they may pose an increasing threat. As the report authors point out, even near-misses might lead to the "creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the futuredisposition of science CubeSats."I）CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space. In an era when you can simply buy a CubeSat kit off the shelf, how can we trust the satellites over our heads were developed with good intentions by people who knew what they were doing? Some "expert amateurs" in the satellite game could provide some inspiration for how to proceed responsibly.J）In 1969.the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation （AMSAT）was created in order to foster ham radio enthusiasts' （业余无线电爱好者）participation in space research and communication. It continued the efforts, begun in 1961, by Project OSCAR—a U. S. -based group that built and launched the very first nongovernmental satellite just four years after Sputnik. As an organization of volunteers, AMSAT was putting "amateur" satellites in orbit decades before the current CubeSat craze. And over time, its members have learned a thing or two about responsibility. Here, open-source development has been a central principle. Within the organization, AMSAT has a philosophy of open sourcing everything—making technical data on all aspects of their satellites fully available toeveryone in the organization, and when possible, the public. According to a member of the team responsible for FOX 1-A, AMSAT's first CubeSat, this means that there's no way to sneak something like explosives or an energy emitter into an amateur satellite when everyone has access to the designs and implementation.K）However, they're more cautious about sharing information with nonmembers, as the organization guards against others developing the ability to hijack and take control of their satellites. This form of "self-governance" is possible within long-standing amateur organizations that, over time, are able to build a sense of responsibility to community members,as well as society in general. But what happens when new players emerge, who don't have deep roots within the existing culture?L）Hobbyists and students are gaining access to technologies without being part of a long-standing amateur establishment. They're still constrained by fimders, launch providers and a series of regulations—all of which rein in what CubeSat developers can and cannot do. But there's a danger they're ill-equipped to think through potential unintended consequences. What these unintended consequences might be is admittedly far from clear. Yet we know innovators can beremarkably creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. Think of something as seemingly benign as the cellphone—we have microfinance and text-based social networking at one end of the spectrum, and improvised （临时制作的）explosive devices at the other.M）This is where a culture of social responsibility around CubeSats becomes important-not simply to ensure that physical risks are minimized, but to engage with a much larger community in anticipating and managing less obvious consequences of the technology. This is not an easy task. Yet the evidence from AMSAT and other areas of technology development suggests that responsible amateur communities can and do emerge around novel technologies. The challenge here, of course, is ensuring that what an amateur community considers to be responsible, actually is. Here's where there needs to be a much wider public conversation that extends beyond government agencies and scientific communities to include students, hobbyists，and anyone who may potentially stand to be affected by the use of CubeSat technology.36. Given the easier accessibility to space, it is time to think about how to prevent misuse of satellites.37. A group of mini-satellites can work together toaccomplish more complex tasks.38. The greater accessibility of mini-satellites increases the risks of their irresponsible use.39. Even school pupils can have their CubeSats put in orbit owing to the lowered launching cost.40. is careful about sharing information with outsiders to prevent hijacking of their satellites.41. NASA offers to launch CubeSats free of charge for educational and research purposes.42. Even with constraints, it is possible for some creative developers to take the CubeSat technology in directions that result in harmful outcomes.43. While making significant contributions to space science, CubeSats may pose hazards to other space vehicles.44. Mini-satellites enable operators to study Earth from LEO and space around it.45. AMSAT operates on the principle of having all its technical data accessible to its members, preventing the abuse of amateur satellites.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of solitary self-employment, there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work friends once again. It wasn't until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being friends with colleagues didn't emerge as a priority at all. This is surprising when you consider the prevailing emphasis by scholars and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close interpersonal relationships at work. So much research has explored the way in which collegial （同事的）ties can help overcome a range of workplace issues affecting productivity and the quality of work output such as team-based conflict, jealousy, undermining, anger, and more.Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. Whereasnow, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling without needing to be best mates with the people sitting next to you.In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management, researchers have looked at the concept of "indifferent relationships". It's a simple term that encapsulates （概括）the fact that relationships at work can reasonably be non-intimate, inconsequential, unimportant and even, dare I say it, disposable or substitutable.Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far indicates they're especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over confrontation. Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially lazy. Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort .As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in resolving some of the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several empirically proven benefits. One of those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and（产出）.The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we're primed to compare ourselves to each other in what is an anxiety-inducing phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than Mends. Since the former is most common among those inclined towards indifferent relationships, their predominance can bolster individuals' sense of self-worth.Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one's focus on task resolution, and to gain greater access to valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll take it anyway.46. What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate world?A） Making new Mends with his workmates was not as easy as he had anticipated.B）Cultivating positive interpersonal relationships helped him expel solitary feelings.C）Working in the corporate world requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment.D） Building close relationships with his colleagues wasnot as important as he had ejected.47. What do we learn from many studies about collegial relationships?A） Inharmonious relationships have an adverse effect on productivity.B） Harmonious relationships are what many companies aim to cultivate.C） Close collegial relationships contribute very little to product quality.D） Conflicting relationships in the workplace exist almost everywhere.48. What can be inferred about relationships at work from an academic analysis?A） They should be cultivated.B） They are virtually irrelevant.C） They are vital to corporate culture.D） They should be reasonably intimate.49. What does the author say about people who are socially lazy?A）They feel uncomfortable when engaging in social interactions.B） They often find themselves in confrontation with theircolleagues.C） They are unwilling to make efforts to maintain workplace relationships.D） They lack basic communication skills in dealing with interpersonal issues.60. What is one of the benefits of indifferent relationships?A） They provide fun at work.B） They help control emotions.C） They help resolve differences.D） They improve work efficiency.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.In a few decades, artificial intelligence (AI) will surpass many of the abilities that we believe make us special. This is a grand challenge for our age and it may require an "irrational" response.One of the most significant pieces of news from the US in early 2021 was the efforts of Google to make autonomous driving a reality. According to a report, Google's self-driving cars clocked 1,023,330 km, and required human intervention 124 times. That is one intervention about every 8,047 km of autonomousdriving. But even more impressive is the progress in just a single year: human interventions fell from 0.8 times per thousand miles to 0.2, a 400% improvement. With such progress, Google's cars will easily surpass my own driving ability later this year.Driving once seemed to be a very human skill. But we said that about chess, too. Then a computer beat the human world champion, repeatedly. The board game Go（围棋）took over from chess as a new test for human thinking in 2021, when a computer beat one of the world's leading professional Go players. With computers conquering what used to be deeply human tasks, what will it mean in the future to be human? I worry about my six-year-old son. What will his place bе in a world where machines beat us in one area after another? He'll never calculate faster, never drive better, or even fly more safely. Actually, it all comes down to a fairly simple question： What's so special about us? It can't be skills like arithmetic, which machines already excel in. So far, machines have a pretty hard time emulating creativity, arbitrary enough not to be predicted by a computer, and yet more than simple randomness.Perhaps, if we continue to improve information-processing machines, well soon have helpful rational assistants. So wemust aim to complement the rationality of the machine, rather than to compete with it. If I'm right, we should foster a creative spirit because a dose of illogical creativity will complement the rationality of the machine. Unfortunately, however, our education system has not caught up to the approaching reality. Indeed, our schools and universities are structured to mould pupils to be mostly obedient servants of rationality, and to develop outdated skills in interacting with outdated machines. We need to help our children learn how to best work with smart computers to improve human decision-making. But most of all we need to keep the long-term perspective in mind: that even if computers will outsmart us, we can still be the most creative. Because if we aren't, we won't be providing much value in future ecosystems，and that may put in question the foundation for our existence.51. What is the author's greatest concern about the use of AI?A） Computers are performing lots of creative tasks.B） Many abilities will cease to be unique to human beings.C） Computers may become more rational than humans.D） Many human skills are fast becoming outdated.52. What impresses the author most in the field of AI?A） Google's experimental driverless cars require little human intervention.B） Google's cars have surpassed his driving ability in just a single year.C） Google has made huge progress in autonomous driving in a short time.D） Google has become a world leader in the field of autonomous driving.53. What do we learn from the passage about creativity?A） It is rational.B） It is predictable.C） It is human specific.D） It is yet to be emulated by AI.54. What should schools help children do in the era of AI?A） Cultivate original thinking.B） Learn to work independently.C） Compete with smart machines.D） Understand how AI works.55. How can we humans justify our future existence?A） By constantly outsmarting computers.B） By adopting a long-term perspective.C） By rationally compromising with AI.D） By providing value with our creativity.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.成语（Chinese idioms）是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。
6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(共三套)
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Whether to Attend a Vocational College or a University?It’s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encounter the choices between a vocational college and a university. And when it comes to this question, students’ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, my advices are as follow.In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instance, a vocational college specializes in cultivating human resources with practical capabilities; while a university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow that high school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and theirchoices must give play to their strengths whilst circumvent weaknesses. In addition, interest is the best teacher and it’s also the premise of learning on one’s own initiative. Thus interest must be taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the interest of oneself. Only then can every one find a right path that works best for us.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.【答案】A【解析】题目问如果男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉怎样。
大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案
大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案2017年大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案明确的目标是前进的动力。
只有确定了目标，才能朝着这个方向努力，下面是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案，希望大家能有所收获，Part I Writing.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance. You can give examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Section A2、Questions2-11 are based on the following passage.Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high, fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to the dental hygiene(卫生).One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of(36)_____teeth and diseased gums;another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth，charts，and graphs.Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater(37)_____to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did.But were these reactions actually(38)_____into better dental hygiene practices? To answer thisimportant question，subjects were called back to thelaboratory on two(39)_____(five days and six weeks after the experiment..They chewed disclosing wafers(牙疾诊断片)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct(40)_____of how well they were really taking care of their teeth.The result showed that the high.fear appeal did actually result in greater and more(41)_____changes in dental hygiene.That is，the subjects(42)_____to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more(43)_____than did those who saw low-fear warnings.However, to be all effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given(44)_____guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear.If this isn’t done，they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the(45)_____of the communicator.If that happens，it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2020年9月英语六级真题及参考答案完整版
2020年9月英语六级真题及参考答案【完整版】四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，请找具体选项内容，忽略套数。
无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本(有文字也有图片)，仅供大家参考。
【网络综合版】听力：Section ALong Conversation OneM: You are a professor of Physics at the University of Oxford. You are a senior advisor at the European Organization for Nuclear Research. You also seem to tour the global tirelessly, giving talks. And in addition, you have your own weekly TV show On Science. Where do you get the energy?W: Oh, well. 【Q1】I just love what I do. I am extremely fortunate to have this life, doing what I love doing.M: Professor, what exactly is your goal? Why do you do all of these?W: well, as you said, I do have different things going on. But these I think can be divided into 【Q2】two groups: the education of science, and the further understanding of science.M: Don't these two things get in the way of each other? What I mean is, doesn't giving lectures take time away from the lab?。
12月英语六级真题及答案解析
PartⅢ Reading ComprehensionSection AAs it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that_____(37)to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don't get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as_____(38)by sleep experts.Whether or not we can catch up on sleep-on the weekend, say-is ahotly_____(39)topic among sleep researches. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't_____(40), it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought_____(41)sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed_____(42)in the ability of insulin(胰岛素)to process blood sugar. That suggests that catchup sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep_____(43)causes, which is encouraging given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn't_____(44)to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later.Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not_____(45)an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will_____(46)one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn't really replicates(复制)the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep," says Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center.37.【题干】_____【选项】【答案】B【解析】cater to表示“迎合”的意思，空白处前提到a culture，所以用第三人称单数caters。
全国大学英语六级考试翻译真题(含答案)
试题一：中秋节中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。
2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。
传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。
Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”,“good fortune”and “harmony” on the Traditional mo on cakes.试题二：丝绸之路闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。
2023年12月英语六级真题含答案
12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Among the government’s most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, husband-and-wife family (average pretax income in : $76,250), spending per child is about $12,000 a year. With inflation the family’s spending on a child will total $286,050 by age 17.The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society’s priorities and values. Our society does not—despite rhetoric(说辞) to the contrary—put much value on raising children. Present budget policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They have stagnant (萧条) or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations,theyresist change. To stabilize its population—discounting immigration—women must have an average of two children. That’s a fertility rate of 2.0.Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it’s shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy. “No one has a good answer” asto why fertility varies among countries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers’ isolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefulness fueled America’s baby boom. After the Soviet Union’s collapse, says Cherlin, “anxiety for the future” depressed birthrates in Russiaand Eastern Europe.In poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well-being by increasing the number of family workers and providing supports for parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, some couples don’t have children because they don’t want to sacrifice their own lifestyles to the lime and expense of a family.Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill (注入) confidence about having children. Piling on higher t axes won’t help, “If higher taxes make it more expensive to raise children,” says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, “people will thinktwice about having another child.” Tha t seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences on becoming parents.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
大学英语六级真题及答案解析(Word版)
大学英语六级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习现象；2.出现这种现象原因和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChineseAlmost no one in China can have failed to notice the fact that a number of students pay little attention to the study of Cheese nowadays. Taking a look around, one can find examples too many to list: some refuse to go to Chinese classes, some read few Chinese classics and some rarely write in Chinese。
A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the following might be the critical ones. For one thing, the craze for learning English affect, to some degree, students’ passion for the study of their native language. For another, the increasing emphasis on some so-called “practical subjects” closely related to th e pursuit for jobs also cut into students’ time and energy spent on the study of Chinese。
5年月英语六级真题及答案解析
P a r tⅢR e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o nSection AAs it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that_____(37)to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adultsdon't get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as_____(38)by sleep experts.Whether or not we can catch up on sleep-on the weekend, say-is a hotly_____(39)topic among sleep researches. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't_____(40), it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought_____(41)sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hoursper night, they showed_____(42)in the ability of insulin(胰岛素)to process blood sugar. That suggests that catchup sleep may undo some but not all of the damage thatsleep_____(43)causes, which is encouraging given how many adults don't get the hours theyneed each night. Still, Liu isn't_____(44)to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later.Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not_____(45)an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will_____(46)one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn't really replicates(复制)the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep," says Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center.37.【题干】_____【选项】【答案】B【解析】cater to表示“迎合”的意思，空白处前提到 a culture，所以用第三人称单数caters。
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2000 年1 月英语六级真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question therewill be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they willstart at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours ”is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet andmark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) To cancel his trip.B) To go to bed early.C) To catch a later flight.D) To ask for a wake-up call.2. A) They have different opinions as to what to do next.B) They have to pay for the house by installments.C) They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.D) The man ’s attitude is more sensible than the woman ’s.3. A) She will save the stamps for the man ’s sister.B) She will no longer get letters from Canada.C) She can ’t give the stamps to the man ’s sister.D) She has given the stamps to the man ’s roommates.4. A) Visiting the Brownings.B) Writing a postcard.C) Looking for a postcard.D) Filling in a form.5. A) The man should work with somebody else.B) The man should meet his partner ’s needs.C) They should come to a compromise.D) They should find a better lab for the project.6. A) She can ’t finish her assignment, either.B) She can ’t afford a computer right now.C) The man can use her computer.D) The man should buy a computer right away.7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.B) The guest lecturer ’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson ’s.C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.8. A) She ’s never watched a better game.B) Football is her favorite pastime.C) The game has been canceled.D) Their team played very badly.9. A) The man should stick to what he ’s doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.10. A) An invented story.B) A real life experience.C) An imaginary situation.D) A terrible nightmare.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The name of a German town.B) A resident of Frankfurt.C) A kind of German sausage.D) A kind of German bread.12. A) He sold fast food.B) He raised dogs.C) He was a cook.D) He was a Cartoonist.13. A) Because the Americans found they were from Germany.B) Because people thought they contained dog meat.C) Because people had to get used to their taste.D) Because it was too hot to eat right away.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They give out faint cries.B) They made noises to drive away insects.C) They extend their water pipes.D) They become elastic like rubber bands.15. A) Quiet plants.B) Well-watered plants.C) Healthy plants.D) Thirsty plants.16. A) They could drive the insects away.B) They could keep the plants well-watered.C) They could make the plants grow faster.D) They could build devices to trap insects.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) To look for a different lifestyle.B) To enjoy themselves.C) For adventure.D) For education.18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.B) It has a dense population.C) There are many museums and palaces.D) It has many towering buildings.19. A) It is a city of contrasts.B) It possesses many historical sites.C) It is an important industrial center.D) It has many big and beautiful parks.20. A) It helps develop our personalities.B) It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.C) It makes our life more interesting.D) It brings about changes in our lifestyle.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singleline through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows thateach one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly oppositein content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the JerrySpringer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk （废话）”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takesthe ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display andexploitation of society ’s moral catastrophes （灾难）, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments （困境）of other people ’s lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual ’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste beingdumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where mostpeople will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time. Money, and stabilityto deal with life ’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has moreof an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-oldswhose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show ’s exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day. Both have ruled the talkshow circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also beconsidered pioneers in the talk show world.21. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfreyare ________________.A) more family-orientedB) unusually popularC) more profoundD) relatively formal22. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, theaudience _________.A) remain fascinated by themB) are ready to face up to themC) remain indifferent to themD) are willing to get involved in them23. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot.B) Racist hatred.C) Family budget planning.D) Street violence.24. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ____________.A) ironicalB) sensitiveC) instructiveD) cynical25. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ___________.A) have monopolized the talk show circuitB) exploit the weaknesses in human natureC) appear at different times of the dayD) are targeted at different audiencesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand thedifference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industriesconcentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on“p ersuasive salesmanship ”to move as much o f these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convertthem into money.Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goodsthat will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest toproduce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out whatthe consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent （慈善的）or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction –the firm and the customer –and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize thatthe surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. Astriking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restorationof the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new King Customer ruled!26. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ____________.A) the practice of turning goods into moneyB) making goods available for purchaseC) the customer-centred approachD) a form of persuasive salesmanship27. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept waswidely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The efficiency of production.C) The satisfaction of the user.D) The preferences of the dealer.28. According to the passage, “t o move as much of these goods as possible ”(Lines3-4, Para. I) means “_______________”.A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production29. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.30. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ___________.A) its main characteristicB) its social impactC) its possible consequenceD) its theoretical basisPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too littleconflict breeds apathy （冷漠）and stagnation （呆滞）. Too much conflict leads to divisiveness （分裂）and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that theoptimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives.Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others fornot-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managersin not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial totheir organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seekingorganizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financialterms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.31. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ___________.A) wrongB) oversimplifiedC) misleadingD) unclear32. Professor Charles R. Schwenk ’s research shows _______________.A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB) the real value of conflictC) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict33. We can learn from Schwenk ’s research that ___________.A) a person ’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC) different people resolve conflicts in different waysD) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict34. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ____________.A) there is no end of conflictB) expression of different opinions is encouragedC) decisions must be justifiableD) success lies in general agreement35. People working in a not-for-profit organization _____________.A) seem to be difficult to satisfyB) are free to express diverse opinionsC) are less effective in making decisionsD) find it easier to reach agreementPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Imagine eating everything delicious you want —with none of the fat. That wouldbe great, wouldn ’t it?New“fake fat ”products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods.Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins andnutrients （营养物）and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. Soit ’s up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enoughto keep eating.Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for afat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desiredfat, the researchers created a fat that can ’t be digested at all.Normally, special chemicals in the intestines （肠）“grab ”molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fatis made up of three molecule of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with anyof those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into thebloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without beingbroken down. Manufacturers say it ’s that ability to slide unchanged through theintestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics sayolestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids （类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, somenutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about howmany calories they are consuming.36. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that ______________.A) contains plenty of nutrientsB) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC) makes foods easily digestibleD) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious37. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ____________.A) commercially uselessB) just as anticipatedC) somewhat controversialD) quite unexpected38. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that _____________.A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC) it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins39. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system.B) It may affect the overall fat intake.C) It may increase the risk of cancer.D) It many spoil the consumers ’appetite.40. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra ?A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.41. The doctors don ’t ___________ that he will live much longer.A) articulate B) anticipateC) manifest D) monitor42. I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ___________.A) eligible B) sustainableC) probable D) feasible43. The old gentleman was a very ______ looking person, with grey hair and goldspectacles.A) respectful B) respectedC) respective D) respectable44. This book is expected to ____________ the best-seller lists.A) promote B) prevailC) dominate D) exemplify45. That part of the city has long been ____________ for its street violence.A) notorious B) responsibleC) historical D) illegal46. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat _____by steam.A) towed B) pressedC) tossed D) propelled47. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks,___________ themselves.A) expanding B) stretchingC) prolonging D) extending48. England ’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to_________ themselves for last year ’s defeat.A) revive B) retortC) revenge D) remedy49. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ____________ away allthe rocks.A) haul B) transferC) repel D) dispose50. It took us only a few hours to ___________ the paper off all four walls.A) shear B) scrapeC) stroke D) chip51. The famous scientist ______________ his success to hard work.A) imparted B) grantedC) ascribed D) acknowledged52. It is difficult to _____________ of a plan to end poverty.A) speculate B) conceiveC) ponder D) reckon53. Now the cheers and applause ___________ in a single sustained roar.A) mingled B) concentratedC) assembled D) permeated54. Improved consumer confidence is _____________ to an economic recovery.A) crucial B) subordinateC) cumulative D) satisfactory55. Although the body is madeup of manydifferent tissues, these tissues are arrangedin an _____________ and orderly fashion.A) incredible B) intricateC) internal D) initial56. If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very ____________.A) waxy B) slipperyC) sticky D) greasy57. The damageto his car was _______________; therefore, he could repair it himself.A) considerable B) appreciableC) negligible D) invisible58. My sister is quite ____________ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A) aggressive B) enthusiasticC) considerate D) ambitious59. The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ______ details that would besettled later.A) versatile B) trivialC) preliminary D) alternate60. His ________________ was telling him that something was wrong.A) intuition B) hypothesisC) inspiration D) sentiment61. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ____ ofAmerican life.A) fashions B) frontiersC) facets D) formats62. Parents often faced the _____between doing what they felt was good for thedevelopment of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.A) paradox B) junctionC) dilemma D) premise63. Clark felt that his ______________ in one of the most dramatic medicalexperiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.A) apprehension B) appreciationC) presentation D) participation64. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly onthe _________ of a brilliant career.A) threshold B) edgeC) porch D) course65. The ___________ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A) protecting B) guardingC) defending D) shielding66. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very __________.A) dim B) obscureC) conspicuous D) intelligible67. This movie is not ______________ for children to see: it contains too muchviolence and too many love scenes.A) profound B) validC) decent D) upright68. The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ______________ into fragments.A) broke off B) broke awayC) broke through D) broke up69. The detective and his assistant have begun to ____________ the mysterious murder.A) come through B) look intoC) make over D) see to70. Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ____________.A) extinction B) migrationC) destruction D) extractionPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there arealtogether 10 mistakes, one in each numberedline. You m ay h ave to changea word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put thecorrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it outand write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word,put an insertion mark ( ∧) in the right place and write the missing wordin the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash ( ／)in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of 1.o u r p e r i o d s . time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of 2. ／___________l i t e r a t u r eas a school subject are valid for ∧study of 3. the___________ television.Until the very latest moment of his existence, manh a s b e e nbound to the planet on which he originated and devel-oped. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and 71.m o v e __________out into the universe to those worlds which he has knownpreviously only directly. Men have explored parts of the 72.m o o n . __________put spaceships in orbit around another planet andp o s s i b l y w i t h i nthe decade will land into another planet and explore it. 73.C a n w e b e __________too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize 74.o t h e r __________planet within the not-too-distant future? Some have 75.a d v o c a t e d __________such a procedure as a solution to the population problem:s h i p t h eexcess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head 76.t h e __________billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out thep r o j e c t . T omaintain the earth ’s population at its present level, wew o u l d h a v eto blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of everyd a y o f t h eyear.Why are we spending so little money on space ex- 77.__________ ploration? Consider the great need for improving many 78.a s p e c t s __________of the global environment, one is surely justified in hisconcern for the money and resources that they are poured 79.i n t o __________the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should looka tboth sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 80.__________Part V Writing (30 minutes)Direction: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compositionon the topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write atleast 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given inChinese) below.71. 上大学的费用（tuition and fees ）可以通过多种途径解决72. 哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）How I Finance My College Education答案：1. D2. A3. C4. B5. C6. B7. B8. D9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B51. C 52. B 53. A 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. A61. C 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. B 70. A71. had has 72. directly indirectly73. into on 74. too so75. planet planets / worlds 76. head mind77. little much 78. Consider Considering79. they /80. (arriving) (arriving) at 或arriving reaching/drawing/making倾听，岁月吹奏长笛，叮咚流韵，悠悠靡音。