Sensor technology

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外文翻译---传感器技术的新进展

附录A英文原文——From X IA W e-i q iang, FAN Shang-chun Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument Advances in Sensor Technology DevelopmentThe sensor technology is an important technical foundation of the new technological revolution and the information society, is a multidisciplinary science and technology, and is widely regarded as the source of the modern information technology [1].In recent years, sensor technology developmentFast, and made many new developments, in particular, has made a lot of progress in terms of gas sensors, biological sensors, vision sensors [2 - 3].Massachusetts Institute of Chinese scientist Zhang Shuguang research team led by means of a special solution to find the large-scale manufacture of the olfactory receptor [4]; same MIT researchers used gas chromatography - mass spectrometry feelidentify gas molecules, developed a trace toxic gases react strongly miniature sensors [5]; Russian scientists as raw material extracted from a common mushroom mixture, a resonant sensor with a piezoelectric quartz crystal canvery low levels of phenol in the detection of air ingredient Japanese scientists have developed quickly identify influenza virus nanosensors [7], nanotechnology is expected to quickly identify influenza virus, hepatitis B virus, mad cow disease pathogens and pesticide residues and other substances [6];the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain, developed a new means;New microfilm DNA analysis sensors [8], this sensor is able to analyze the DNA chain time shortened to a few minutes or a few hours, intelligent instrument and sensor technology, space biology, intelligent sensing technology.Applications, a series of laboratory tests in a paternity test to detect genetically modified food also can determine the genetic toxicity of new drugs; National Institute of Standards and Technology Research Institute to develop an ultra-sensitive micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor, the micro-sensor andparallel microfluidic channels in a silicon chip on top of this technology to enhance the detection sensitivity of NMR to a new level, with a wide range of application prospects [9] in the chemical analysis.Our sensor technology compared with foreign countries, there is a big gap, but the last two years has also made some progress and breakthroughs, the birth of some new products, some of the major national Model Engineering application.Such as resource ringReality technology in the field of environmental monitoring and environmental risk assessment technology, fast online monitoring technology of Air Pollution Complex key gaseous pollutants and airborne fine particles and ultrafine particles fast online monitoring technology, marine technology collarDomain of marine water pollution parameters online monitoring technology and marine metal contaminants on-site and on-line monitoring techniques.HgCdTeinfrared sensors have been used in China's Fengyun series satellites, oceanic satellites and Shenzhou series flyShip.Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics invented the small precision CMOS celestial sensor technology won the 2008 National Invention and Technology Prize [10].The development of these technologies highlights sensor technology showing toThe high-precision, miniaturization, micro-power consumption and passive, intelligent, high reliability direction of the trend, the following were discussed.The main direction of development of sensor technology to the development of high-precisionAutomated production technology continues to evolve, the requirements of the sensor is also continuously improve the requirements developed with high sensitivity, high accuracy, fast response speed, good interchangeability new sensor to ensure the reliability of production automation.In recent years, the world's major the sensor research institutions using new theories, new methods, new techniques to improve the sensor accuracy achieved outstanding results.American scholars have found a new method to improve the sensitivity of the sensor [11], to take a systematic approach to the various design rules together with a consistent framework to improve the design of the sensor.They compared the traditional planar sensor (p lanar sensor) components with cylindrical single nanotube sensor (cylindrica l sing le-nano tube sensor)Components, the results show the smaller cylindrical sensitivity of the sensor is at least 100 times higher, which is sufficient to prove that the smaller the better the theoretical.University of California at Berkeley and the Berkeley Lab researchers create the world's first fully functional nanotube device, the successful construction of a weighing gold atoms nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) [12].This device measured the gold atoms quality for 3125 @ 10 -22 g.The NEMS mass sensor consists of a single carbon nanotube, double wall, with all the electronic properties, and the increase in hardness.The one end of the carbon nanotubes can be freely, while the other end is connected to one electrode, and the distance relative to the electrode is very near.The DC power from the battery or solar cell on the pair of electrodes connected, cause it to some fluctuations in the resonance frequency of vibration.When an atom or molecule is stored above carbon nanotubes, the resonant frequency of this carbon nanotube will therefore the mass of the atoms or molecules to change, similar to the different weight diver would change the resonance frequency of the diving board.American Oak R idge National Laboratory using silicon micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) sensor detected 515 fg (femtograms) of the substances, and to create a new world record [13].The use of only 2 Lm Length, 50 nm thick silicon cantilever, by an inexpensive diode laser vibration.The researchers believe that the use of MEMS sensors in theory be able to detect any substances.British the Transense company launched a precision level millionth non-contacttorque sensor Torqsense [14].This sensor is based on the principle of surface acoustic wave(SAW),thesizeofonly4mm@********************************* torque of the shaft, the two SAW sensor and the shaft was continuously into / half-bridge 0 structure; When the shaft is subject to torque, a pressure receiving a tensile the consolidated two sensors frequency generating / Difference 0 or /superposition 0 signal to derive the respective torque or temperature signal.Epson Toyocom Corporation developed a? 10 Pa (about one ten thousandth atmospheric pressure) of high accuracy and high resolution of 011 Pa and a volume of 1215 ml, weight is 15 g small crystal absolute pressure sensor [15].Tuning-fork type crystal unit is used in the pressure detecting unit, whereby the oscillation frequency of high stability can be obtained, thus achieving the pressure sensor with high precision and high resolution crystal; on top of this using QMEMS technology developed a new original.pressure sensing structure, to make it possible to have both small and high performance.Taiyo Yuden developed a detection sensitivity of 10 @ -9 (1ppb) gas sensor [16], because of its gas adsorption characteristics, Taiyo Yuden be called / of nanoscale gas sensor 0, and in October 2007show opening / CEATEC JAPAN 20070.The sensor 80Lm @ 500Lm dielectric film is formed on a silicon wafer, using a dielectric film after the adsorbed gas, the resistance value change of the dielectric film, in order to detect the gas.112 development to the miniaturization of various control equipment function more and more, the requirements of the various components of smaller is better, and thus the sensor itself, the volume is as small as possible, which requires a focus on the development of micro-sensors based on new materials and processing technology.French scientist, winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics Albert # Fil German scientist Peter # Green Berger found / giant magnetoresistance 0 effect [17 - 19], not only can produce more sensitive data read headThe increasingly weak magnetic signals and still be able to be clearly read out and converted into a clear current change.The breakthrough in the technology provides an extremely important technical support for the miniaturization of sensors.Hitachi Metals has developed the world's smallest 3-axis acceleration sensor, external dimensions of 215mm @ 215 mm _AT_ 1mm volume of 6125 mm3 to varistor resin package.The package size smaller than similar products by 30% the volume and weight of 14 mg, 46% lower than similar products, with more than 20,000 gravitational acceleration impact resistance.Japanese scientists have also successfully developed the world's smallest ultra-sensitive tactile sensor, the prospects for a wide range of applications in the field of medical devices.The sensor is embedded in the synthetic resin of approximately 011mm3 a diameter of 1 ~ 10 Lm, long of 300 ~~ 500 Lm, the helical spring-like fine carbon coil element, carbon coil after the contact with the object, will be minor changes in pressure and temperature conversioninto electrical signals.Furthermore, the sensor can also sense / screwed 0, / 0, etc. of friction signal.113 micro-power consumption and passive sensor can not work without power, in the field or in a place far from the grid, often with a battery or solar power, the development of micro-powersensor and passive sensor is an inevitable development direction,In this way, you can saveEnergy and can improve the life of the system.German scientists have developed a sensor, the energy of the fluid (liquid or gas) can have through their own conversion into electricity, which means that the sensor can own / power generation 0, which would greatly facilitate the design and maintenance of the system.The conversion process is carried out in a fixed cavity into electricity, the media fluid (liquid or gas) through the heart as blood flows through here like.Due to the Coanda effect, the flow of fluid is close to the conduit wall; continuous flow generated here periodic pressure fluctuations, to the piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric ceramic ultimately by the energy of the fluid is converted into electrical conduction by the feedback member.Generated electricity in the microwatt or milliwatt able to meet the energy demand of the loop running sensor to ensure the sensor reading and outgoing data.British Perpetuum and CAP-XX, Australia developed without battery driven wireless sensor terminal The terminal is equipped with a micro vibration can be converted to energy generators and double-layer capacitor.The vibration of the installation site can be used as energy, power generation, the surplus electric power can be stored in the electric double layer capacitor [23].114 to the intelligent development of increasingly complex with the development of science and technology, the function of the sensor.Its output is no longer a single analog signal, but after the microprocessor processing the digital signal, and some even with a control function.Technology development that the digital signal processor (DSP) will promote the development of many new next-generation products.The technology laboratory R & D of the San Jose Accen ture one is called / 0 of smart dust smart sensing system can automatically monitor and leaf-like objects combustion warning.Once the smart dust sensor point will be near each small dust sprayed into the trees, dust to locate and establish a wireless connection.When spotted possible anomalies detected, it will touch the the nearby dust size device to determine their access to information, and get multiple information from multiple sources, then the sensor will be able to judge a tree dangerous.Once the danger trigger sensor group through its wireless connection to send messages to woodland workers to monitor the sensor network.Ok i recently introduced ultra-small triaxial accelerometer module the ML8950, integrated sensor chip and control IC, the world's thinnest package.Has detected a triaxial accelerometer function can also detect tilt and impact shocks.The controlling IC chip is fitted in the signal amplifying circuit, a control circuit, analog-to-digital converter, and temperature compensation circuit.Furthermore, it is the first with a digital interface triaxial accelerometer module, because it can be directly connected to the CPU, so without the use of analog to digital signal converter device can be embedded in the digital device.115 directly affects the reliability of the sensor to the high reliability electronic device antijamming performance, the development of high reliability, the wide temperaturerange of the sensor will be permanent direction.Improve the temperature range has always been a major issue in the scope of its work, most sensors are - 20 ~ 70e, in the military system requirements Operating temperature -40 ~ 85e range, while cars boiler occasions require sensor temperature requirements are higher, so the development ofpromising emerging materials (such as ceramic) sensor.Honeyw e ll launch LG1237 absolute pressure sensor is an intelligent, accurate, stable measurement of the product within the pressure range of 015 to 1000 Pa, its service life of 25 years or 100, 000 hours.Product - 55e to 125e, the accuracy rate of over? 0103% F1S1, the device will be with a piezoresistive pressure sensor connected with the DSP of the microprocessor, and can withstand the live level acceleration and vibration.Institute of Precision Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University successfully developed an anti-shock 2000e instantaneous ultra high temperature silicon isolated high temperature pressure sensor.The sensors in the environment - 30 ~ 250e pressure measurement, pressure measurement to be completed by the of 1000MPa any of the following range, and can withstand the high temperature of 2000e instantaneous impact, to meet the high-temperature, high-pressure, high-frequency response and instantaneous temperature impact and other harsh environmentspressure measurement.The sensor is an effective solution to the technical problems of sensor failure pressure measurement and instantaneous temperature impact in the field of China's aerospace, petrochemical, automotive and other high-temperature environment.The development of biosensorsIn recent years, with the development of biotechnology, bio-sensor has also been a lot of development.And attaches great importance to the food industry, environmental monitoring, fermentation industry, medicine and a wide range of applications, such as for the detection of food ingredients, food additives, harmful toxins and food freshness [28 -31].Environmental pollutants, continuous, rapid, on-line monitoring of foreign subcellular lipids fixed made of cellulose acetate membrane and oxygen electrode amperometric biosensor detection of acid rain acid mist sample solution.Widely used microbial sensors take advantage of this electrochemical sensors can be of the number of microbial cells as an effective measurement tool, a continuous, on-line determination of the cell concentration in the fermentation industry.Microbial sensor is not only used in clinical medicine, and is also used in military medicine, through timely and rapid detection of bacteria, viruses, and biological weapons defense.The past two years, China has invested in biosensor research on a lot of manpower and resources, made some pretty good results.For example, successfully developed / protein chip biosensor system 0 and its practical prototype provides a novel label-free protein analysis technology.The water-soluble conjugated polymer is used as a new fluorescent probes, the design of a series of conjugated polymer-based biosensor system.The use of fluorescence resonance energy transfer principle, the development of novel high sensitivity based on the conjugated polymer spent hydrogen peroxide and glucose sensing system.Conjugated through the regulation ofthe electron transfer process of the polymeric system, to achieve a sensitive detection of the nitroxide free radicals and antioxidants.117 quantum mechanics and sensor technology, the development of quantum mechanics provides a theoretical basis for the development of modern science and technology.Development of quantum effects sensitive a measurement of the quantum-sensitive devices, such as resonant tunneling diodes, quantum well lasers and quantum interference components, with high-speed (increased 1,000-fold) than the sensitive electronic devices speed, low-power (more sensitive than electronicdevices reduce energy consumption by 1000 times), efficient, highly integrated, reliable and economic advantages.Therefore, the development of nanoelectronics, may lead to a new revolution in sensor technology and sensor technology to a new stage of development.2 domestic sensor gapIn recent years, China's sensor industry has made great strides, and has formed the basis of a certain industry, but there is still a wide gap compared with developed countries. Scientific research and development behind the international level from 5 to 10 years, 10 to 15 years behind the large-scale production technology. China's chemical industry, the security monitoring sensor market, almost all foreign enterprises occupied. Sensors for military, aerospace and other purposes, the foreign country is an embargo. The level of development of the sensor behind a serious impediment to the development of China's automobile, petrochemical, aerospace and other industries. At present, China has yielded few results of independent intellectual property rights of innovative research results to industrial conversion speed is slow, inefficient, and achieved significant social and economic benefits of the project less; able to represent the national level, but also to achieve large-scale production of small enterprises, high-grade fewer products, low market share; big gap between production technology and equipment from the international level; overall in the tracking state. Sensor devices and systems the comprehensive technical level of China's independent innovation capability is low, sensitive materials, integrated design and manufacturing, industrial design, testing and calibration than backward. Gap with foreign countries mainly in: Device varieties, mainly dependent on imports of high-end products; lower level of automation, intelligent; modular, standardized, low degree of integration; poor stability, reliability is low; Low cost the market less competitive.3 countermeasures and suggestionsAccording to the current situation of the development of sensor technology at home and abroad, our gaps, combined with the needs and priorities of China's science and technology, social and economic development strategy, to give overall consideration to the sensor technology, basic research, applied basic research and applied research. Basic research is mainly focused on sensor mechanism of, from a theoretical point of view to solve a number of key technologies of sensor development, provide important theoretical basis for the study of the sensor. Application of basic research on the basis of the basic research, focusing on key technologies provide important technical support for the sensor market process transformation to the theoretical and experimental prototype. In the sensor applied research, the mainexisting, after the application of the basic research stage proved to be more reliable and mature technology into the application stage of the market-oriented products.For our future sensor development countermeasures, including the following aspects:1) the planning of the national level from the level of national development, the future direction of development of the sensor planning, the plan should focus on the development of a new type of high-precision, low power consumption, miniaturization and miniaturized sensors. Note that the combination of production, learning and research.2) between different industries sensors complement each other and promote each sensor as an information access means in different industries have different characteristics and needs. Similar sensor technology for different industries. Should support complementary advantages between the various sectors, including joint research on common technology, craftsmanship help each other, to form a common development of various industries, thus contributing to the sensorVigorously develop technology.3) vigorously promote the construction and development of the sensor research base, to develop sensor senior professionals to encourage the sensor research leading to the national laboratory, the joint ministerial key laboratories, Key Laboratory of the industry and universities Key Laboratory, the formation of a system national the sensor research base group to provide technical support for the development of the sensor. Meanwhile, laboratory and trained expertise of a number of sensors, provide important protection of personnel for the development of sensor technology research areas.4) To change from passive to active, actively develop high-performance sensor in the the sensor research process to avoid simply copying foreign technology. Sensing technology trends, to carry out a prospective study to break through the bottleneck problem, a technology with independent intellectual property rights, to break down foreignTechnological monopoly, in a place on the international.Development of new sensor new sensor, generally should include: a new principle, fill sensor Blank, biomimetic sensors and other aspects. They are interrelated. The working mechanism of the sensor is based on a variety of effects, and the law of which inspire people to further explore the sensitive functional materials with new effects and novel physical properties sensor device developed new principle, which is the development of high-performance, multi-function, important way of low-cost, miniaturized sensors. Structured sensor developed earlier matures. Complex structure type sensor, the general structure it, the volume is too large, the prices are high. Type sensors of the physical properties of roughly contrast, has many attractive advantages, coupled with past development is not enough. Countries in the world in terms of physical properties sensor invest a lot of manpower and material resources to strengthen research, thus making it a noteworthy developments. The various effects of quantum mechanics developed low sensitivity threshold sensor usedto detect weak signals, the development of one of the new trends. Integrated, multifunctional, integrated intelligent sensor includes two definitions, and one multi-element of the same functions in parallel, about a single sensing element of the same type with integrated technology are arranged on the same plane, aligned in one dimension This is the case for a linear sensor, a CCD image sensor. Another definition of integrated multi-functional integration, upcoming sensor zoom, computing, and temperature compensation, link integration, assembled into a single device. With the development of integrated technologies, various types of hybrid and monolithic integrated pressure sensors have appeared, some of them have become a commodity. Integrated piezoresistive, capacitive pressure sensor, and other types of integrated piezoresistive sensors rapid development and wide application. Sensor multifunction is one of the development. The typical example of the so-called multi-functional monolithic silicon, an American University Sensor Research and Development Center developed a multi-axis force sensor can measure three line speed, of three centrifugal acceleration (angular velocity) and three angular acceleration. The main element is mounted on one substrate by four properly designed cantilever consisting of monolithic silicon structures, 9 are correctly arranged in the respective cantilever piezoresistive sensitive components. Multifunctional not only can reduce production costs, reduce the volume, and can effectively improve the stability of the sensor, reliability and other performance indicators. Integrate a plurality of different functions of the sensing element and integrated processing and evaluation of the results of measurement of these parameters, in addition to measurement of a variety of parameters can be performed simultaneously, but also reflects the overall status of the system under test.From the above it can be seen, integrated solid-state sensor brings many new opportunities, it is also the basis of multi-functional. Combination of sensor and microprocessor, the detection function also has information processing, logical judgment, self-diagnostics, and artificial intelligence of "thinking" it is called intelligent sensors. By means of a semiconductor integrated sensor portion signal pre-processing circuit, the input and output interfaces, microprocessor production on the same chip, large-scale integrated intelligent sensor. Smart sensor is the product of the combination of sensor technology and LSI technology, its implementation will depend on the improvement and development of the sensing technology and semiconductor integrated process level. Such sensors have multi-energy, high-performance, small size, suitable for mass production and ease of use, and can say with certainty, is one of the most important direction sensor.The development of new materials, sensor materials is an important foundation of the sensor technology, sensor technology upgrades support. With the advances in materials science, sensor technology has matured, more and more of its kind, In addition to early use of semiconductor materials, ceramic materials, optical fiber, as well as the development of superconducting materials, the development of the sensor provides a material basis. For example, according to many semiconductor materials silicon substrate easy miniaturization, integration, multi-functional, intelligent, and semiconductor optical heat detectors with high sensitivity, high accuracy, non-contactsexual characteristics, the development of infrared sensors, laser sensors modern sensors, fiber optic sensors, etc.; in the sensitive material, a ceramic material, organic material quickly, different formulations can be used mixed raw material and precision deployment of chemical constituents based on, after the precision molding sintering, to obtain one or a certain types of gas-sensitive material having an identification function, is used to produce a new gas sensor. In addition, the organic polymer sensitive materials is of great concern in recent years new sensitive materials with potential applications, the sensor can be made of the thermistor, photosensitive, gas sensing, humidity, force-sensitive ion-sensitive biological Min et al. Sensor technology continues to evolve, but also to promote the development of newer materials, such as nano materials.U.S. NRC has developed a nano ZrO2 gas sensor, and control of motor vehicle exhaust emissions, cleaning up the environment effect good, relatively broad application prospects. As a result of the production of nanomaterials sensor, has a huge interface can provide a lot of gas channel, and the on-resistance is small, is conducive to the development of miniaturized sensor to the birth of more new material With the continuous advancement of science and technology . Adoption of new technology in the development of new sensors, is inseparable from the adoption of new technology. Within the meaning of the new technology is very broad, and here mainly refers to the development of emerging sensor contact a particularly close microfabrication technology. This technique, also known as micro-machining technology, With the IC process development, it is the ion beam, electron beam, molecular beam, a laser beam, and chemical etching for microelectronics processing techniques in recent years, has been the more more used in the sensor field, such as sputtering, vapor deposition, plasma etching, chemical gas deposition (CVD), epitaxy, diffusion, etching, lithography, etc., so far, a large number of sensors made by the process described above reported at home and abroad. Smart materials smart materials refers to the physical, chemical, mechanical, electrical, and other parameters of the design and control of materials, develop biological material characteristics or superior to biological material properties of artificial materials. Some people think that the material has the following functions can be called smart materials: a judgment on the environment can be adaptive function; possess self-diagnostic function; possess self-healing capabilities; function with self-reinforced (or time base). The most prominent feature of the biological material with time base function, this differential sensor characteristics and its variational sensitive.Conversely, the long-term in a particular environment and get used to this environment, the sensitivity decreased. In general, it can adjust its sensitivity to adapt to the environment. In addition to the biological material, most notably smart material is a shape memory alloy, shape memory ceramics and shape memory polymer. The smart material exploration work has just begun, I believe the near future there will be a lot of development.。

Sensata Technologies 压力传感器产品简介说明书

Temperature FunctionWORLD CLASSPERFORMANCESensata Technologiesoffers a wide range ofsensing solutions forpressure applications ofevery kind. By focusingour unparalleledengineering and manu-facturing expertise onyour needs, we willmeet the highestexpectations of all -your own.Sensata Technologiesis the world’s leadingsupplier of sensors andcontrols across a broadrange of markets andapplications.WORLD CLASS PERFORMANCE The CP Series’ pressure transducers with their proven ceramiccapacitive technology have been on the market for many years.Our large portfolio with a variety of mechanical and electrical connec-tions creates a broad range of combination possibilities.50.5 (2)73.8 max (2.9)57.9 max (2.3)35.6 max (1.8)ø 24.3 (0.96)8.2 (0.3)3.6 (0.14)40.2 (1.6)30.4 (1.2)Sensata Technologies is the world’s leading supplier of sensors and controls across a broad range of markets and applications.WORLD CLASS 65.0 (2.56)45.6 (1.8)23.9 (0.94)Pressure outputGroundSupply voltageThermistor outputFeatures and benefits• Hermetic pressure sensors with multiple Input/Output options • High accuracy and repeatability • Multiple standard and custom ports • Outstanding EMC performance and high dielectric strengthTypical applications• Air conditioning• Alternative energy management • Compressors and pumps • Hydraulics and pneumatics• Processing control and automation • Vending machinesWORLD CLASS PERFORMANCE The CH Series’ pressure transducers are ideally suited for the most demanding industrial applications. This innovative product is hermetic but not oil-filled and boasts case isolation up to 1800 V.Ground57.2 (2.25)Aø 31.8 (1.25)Power terminalAOuput terminalø 27.4 (1.08)Sensata Technologies is the world’s leading supplier of sensors and controls across a broad range of markets and applications.Technical specificationsWORLD CLASS PERFORMANCE The PP Series’ pressure transducers allow for the best control in an industrial system. A piezo-resistive technology has been selected, whereby the strain gauges are glass fused onto a metal membrane and hermetically sealed.Small Form Factor 30.1 (1.19)ø 13 (0.51)31.7 (1.25)30 m a x (1.18)40 max (1.58)28 (1.10) 26.8 max (1.06)ø 6 (0.24)Sensata Technologies is the world’s leading supplier of sensors and controls across a broad range of markets and applications.WORLD CLASS PERFORMANCE The most accurate technologies for a true Differential Pressure Sensor are Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). Our patented MEMSproducts offer the best-value solutions for differential pressure applications.23 (0.9)ø 6 (0.24)23 (0.9)ø 8 (0.32)20 (0.8)71 (2.8)12.6 (0.5)Supply Voltage GroundOutput signal6 (0.24)Sensata Technologies is the world’s leading supplier of sensors and controls across a broad range of markets and applications.Seal material compatibility guideSeal material Media compatibility (please contact Sensata for more information)Maximum seal temperature range*petroleum oils, lubricants, detergent solutionssteam soaps, polar solvents, brake fluid, acetone Skydrol TM chlorinated solvents, oils, fuels, air Pressure connections(please contact Sensata for other connections)27.6 (1.09)Packard Metri-PackAMP MQS - 3 pins 1/4” - 18 NPTF male1/8” - 27 NPTF male1/4” SAE female flare with deflator (7/6” - 20 UNF - 2B)ø 17 (0.67)Electrical connections(please contact Sensata for other connections)16.4 (0.65)23.5 (0.95)34.4 (1.35)DIN 7258519.6 (0.77)ø 23.6 (0.93)12.9 (0.51)26.4 (1.04)34.1 (1.34)3/8” - 24 UNF male1/4” - 19 BSPT male25.1 (0.99)20 (0.79)10.9 (0.43)7 (0.28)14.5 (0.57)24.3 (0.96)9.8 (0.39)14.5 (0.57)8.9 (0.35)VDA13.8 (0.54)27.1 (1.07)7/16” - 20 UNF maleHex 17.5 (0.69)14.6 (0.58)Hex 17.5 (0.69)11.4 (0.45)Hex 15.7 (0.62)9.5 (0.38)M12 x 1 maleM12 x 1.5 maleM14 x 1.5 male13.7 (0.54)16.2 (1.48)11.3 (0.45)10.3 (0.41)9.8 (0.39)M10 x 1.25 female M18 x 1.5 male 10 (0.39)Hex 14 (0.55)12.7 (0.5)14 (0.55)12 (0.47)12 (0.47)6.9 (0.27)13.2 (0.84)12 (0.47)15.5 (0.6)18 (0.71)19.3 (0.76)19.9 (0.78)14.3 (0.56)11.1 (0.44)17.5 (0.69)6.4 (0.25)Hex 15.9 (0.63)12.7 (0.5)9.2 (0.36)Note: Dimensions are shown in mm (inches)Note: Dimensions are shown in mm (inches)10.6 (0.42)12.7 (0.5)15.3 (0.6)10.3 (0.41)Yazaki10.4 (0.41)21.8 (0.96)RD22.3 (0.88)70.1 (2.76)Sensata Technologies Holland B.V. Kolthofsingel 87602 EM ALMELOThe NetherlandsPhone: +31 546 879555Fax:+31 546 870535 Important Notice: Sensata Technologies (Sensata) reserves the right to make changes to or discontinue any product or service identified in this publication without notice. Sensata advises its customers to obtain the latest version of the relevant information to verify, before placing any orders, that the information being relied upon is current. Sensata assumes no responsibility for infringement of assistance or product specifications since Sensata does not possess full access concerning the use or application of customers' products. Sensata also assumes no responsibil-ity for customers' product design.。

传感器技术论文中英文对照资料外文翻译文献

传感器技术论文中英文对照资料外文翻译文献Development of New Sensor TechnologiesSensors are devices that can convert physical。

chemical。

logical quantities。

etc。

into electrical signals。

The output signals can take different forms。

such as voltage。

current。

frequency。

pulse。

etc。

and can meet the requirements of n n。

processing。

recording。

display。

and control。

They are indispensable components in automatic n systems and automatic control systems。

If computers are compared to brains。

then sensors are like the five senses。

Sensors can correctly sense the measured quantity and convert it into a corresponding output。

playing a decisive role in the quality of the system。

The higher the degree of n。

the higher the requirements for sensors。

In today's n age。

the n industry includes three parts: sensing technology。

n technology。

and computer technology。

传感技术介绍(英文)

Social Connection “The Cigarette” Sensors: Optical – One’s Eyes Tactile – Fingers Audio – Mouth Talking
Social Connection “The Cell Phone”
Social Connection “The Smart Phone”
Environmental Awareness
Users become in touch with their physiology User become in touch with the environment Early Warning & Remote diagnostics Sensor protecting and diagnosing people
The Growth Engine:
Apps Drive Technology and Sales:
Over 1 million Apps and counting
Mobilewalla breaks down the four mobile marketplaces: Apple – 590,138 (59.95%) Android – 320,315 (32.54%) BlackBerry – 43, 544 (4.42%) Windows – 35, 479 (3.60%)
Immersion Media
User interacts with the content User becomes part of the media User is immersed in the media Sensor collaboration and matrixing

传感器(sensor)英文PPT演讲课件

Acoustic sensors(声敏传感器)

Working principle
The sensor is sensitive to a built-in to sound capacitive [kə'pæsɪtɪv] electret microphone（电容式驻极话筒）. Sound waves make the microphone electret film （驻极体膜） vibration [vaɪ'breɪʃ(ə)n], result in the change of capacitance [kə'pæsɪt(ə)ns], and produce with the corresponding change of tiny voltage ['vəʊltɪdʒ; 'vɒltɪdʒ]. Then this voltage is converted into 0 to 5 voltage, and transmitted to the computer, after A/D conversion was accepted by the data collector.
翻译
定义：能感受规定的被测量并按照一定的规律转换成可用输出信号的器件或装置。作用：
探测、感受外界的信号、物理条件（如光、热、湿度）或化学组成（如烟雾），并将探知的信息传递给其他装置或器官。
Light sensor
Light sensor is the most current production, one of the most widely used sensors, it plays an important role in automatic control(自动控制) and non-electricity measurement [‘meʒəm(ə)nt] technology（非电量电测技术）. The simplest photosensitive sensor is photosensitive resistance(光敏电阻), it will create electric current when photons（光子） hit joint（结合处）.

英文原文和中文译文

英文原文Development of Sensor New TechnologySensor is one kind component which can transform the physical quantity，chemistry quantity and the biomass into electrical signal. The output signal has the different forms like the voltage, the electric current, the frequency, the pulse and so on, which can satisfy the signal transmission, processing, recording, and demonstration and control demands. So it is the automatic detection system and in the automatic control industry. If automatic Technology is used wider, then sensor is more important. In information age, the information industry includes information gathering, transmission, process three parts, namely sensor technology, communication, computer technology. Because of ultra large scale integrated circuit’s rapid development after having been developed ,Modern computer technology and communication, not only requests sensor precision, reliability, speed of response and gain information, content request more and more high, but also requests its cost to be inexpensive. The obvious traditional sensor is eliminated gradually because of the function，the characteristic, the volume, the cost and so on. As world develop many countries are speeding up to the sensor new technology’s research and the development, and all has obtained the enormous breakthrough. Now the sensor new technology development mainly has following several aspects:Firstly, discovering and usingUsing the physical phenomenon, the chemical reaction, the biological effect as the sensor principle therefore the researches which discovered the new phenomenon and the new effect are the sensor technological improving ways .It is important studies to develop new sensor’s the foundation. Japanese Sharp Corporation uses the superconductivity technology to develop successfully the high temperature super conductivity magnetic sensor and get the sensor technology significant breakthrough. Its sensitivity is so high and only inferior in the superconductivity quantum interference component. May use in magnetism image formation technology. So it has the widespread promoted value.Using the immune body and the antigen meets one another compound when the electrode surface. It can cause the electrode potential change and use this phenomenon to be possible to generate the immunity sensor. The immunity sensor makes with this kind of immune body may to some organism in whether has this kind of anti-original work inspection. Like may inspect somebody with the hepatitis virus immune body whether contracts the hepatitis, plays to is fast, the accurate role. The USUC sixth branch hasdeveloped this kind of sensor.Secondly, using the new materialThe sensor material is the important foundation for sensor technology, because the materials science is progressive and the people may make each kind of new sensor. For example making the temperature sensor with the high polymer thin film; The optical fiber can make the pressure, the current capacity, the temperature, the displacement and so on the many kinds of sensors; Making the pressure transmitter with the ceramics. The high polymer can become the proportion adsorption and the release hydrone along with the environment relative humidity size. The high polymer electricity lies between the constant to be small, the hydrone can enhance the polymer the coefficient of dielectric loss. Making the capacitor the high polymer dielectric medium, determines the electric capacity the change, then obtains the relative humidity. Making the plasma using this principle to gather the legitimate polystyrene film temperature sensor below, it has the characteristic: Measured the wet scope is wide;The temperature range is wide, may reach -400 ℃~ +1500 ℃;The speed of response is quick, is smaller than 1S;The size is small, may use in the small space measuring wet;The temperature coefficient is small.The ceramic electric capacity type pressure transmitter is one kind does not have the intermediary fluid the dry type pressure transmitter. Uses the advanced ceramic technology, the heavy film electronic technology, its technical performance is stable, the year drifting quantity is smaller than 0.1%F.S, warm floats is smaller than ±0.15%/10K, anti- overloads strongly, may reach the measuring range several hundred times. The survey scope may from 0 to 60mpa. German E+H Corporation the American Kav lio Corporation product is at the leading position.The optical fiber application is send the material significant breakthrough, its uses in most early the optical communication techniques. In the optical communication use discovered works as environmental condition change and so on the temperature, pressure, electric field, magnetic field, causes the fiber optic transmission light wave intensity, the phase, the frequency, change and so on the polarization condition, the survey light wave quantity change, may know causes these light wave physical quantity the and so on quantitative change temperature , pressure , electric field, magnetic field size, uses these principles to be possible to develop the optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor and the traditional sensor compare has many characteristics: Sensitivity high, the structure simple,the volume small, anti-corrosive the electric insulation good, the path of rays may be curving, be advantageous for the realization telemeter and so on. Optical fiber sensor Japan is in the advanced level .Like Idec Izumi Corporation and Sun Corporation. The optical fiber send receiver and the integrated path of rays technology unify, accelerates the optical fiber sensor technology development. Will integrate the path of ray’s component to replace the original optics part and the passive light component; enable the optical fiber sensor to have the high band width, the low signal processing voltage, the reliability high, the cost will be low.Third, micro machine-finishing technologyIn semiconductor technology processing method oxygenation, the photo etching the proliferation, the deposition, the plane electron craft, various guide corrosion and steams plates, the sputtering thin film and so on, these have all introduced to the sensor manufacture. Thus has produced each kind of new sensor, like makes the silicon micro sensor using the semiconductor technology, makes the fast response using the thin film craft the gas to be sensitive, the wet sensitive sensor, the use sputtering thin film craft system pressure transmitter and so on.The Japanese horizontal river company uses various guide corrosion technology to carry on the high accuracy three dimensional processing, the system helps the silicon resonance type pressure transmitter. The core partially presses two resonant Liang by the feeling which above the silicon diaphragm and the silicon diaphragm manufactures to form, two resonant Liang's frequency difference correspondence different pressure, measures the pressure with the frequency difference method, and may eliminate the error which factor and so on ambient temperature brings. When ambient temperature change, two resonant Liang frequencies and the amplitude variation are same, after two frequency differences, its same change quantity can counterbalance mutually. Its survey most high accuracy may reach 0.01%FS.American Silicon Microstructure Inc .（SMI）the company develops a series of low ends, linear in 0.1% to 0.In 65% scope silicon micro pressure transmitter, the lowest full measuring range is 0.15psi （1KPa）, it makes take the silicon as the material, has the unique three dimensional structure, the light slight machine-finishing, makes the wheat stone bridge many times with the etching on the silicon diaphragm, when above silicon chip stress, it has the distortion, the resistance produces presses the anti-effect but to lose the bridge balance, the output and the pressure becomes the proportion the electrical signal.Such silicon micro sensor is the front technology which now the sensor develops, itsessential feature is the sensitive unit volume is a micron magnitude, is the traditional sensor several dozens, several 1%. In aspect and so on industry control, aerospace domain, biomedicine has the vital role, like on the airplane the use may reduce the airplane weight, reduces the energy. Another characteristic is can be sensitive is small surveyed, may make the blood pressure transmitter.The Chinese aviation main corporation Beijing observation and control technical research institute, the development CYJ series splashes thanks the membrane pressure transmitter is uses the ion sputtering craft to process the metal strain gauge, it has overcome the nonmetallic strain gauge easily the temperature influence insufficiency, has the high stability, is suitable in each kind of situation, is measured the medium scope widely, but also overcame the tradition lowly to glue the precision which the type brought, sluggish big, shortcoming and so on slow change, had the precision high, the reliability is high, the volume small characteristic, widely used in domain and so on aviation, petroleum, chemical industry, medical service.Fourth, integrates the sensorIntegrates the sensor the superiority is the traditional sensor is unable to achieve, it is a simple sensor not merely, it in at the same time the auxiliary circuit part and send the part will integrate on together the chip, will cause it to have the calibration, to compensate, from the diagnosis and the network correspondence function, it might reduce the cost, the gain in yield, this kind of blood pressure sensor which American LUCAS, NOV ASENSOR Corporation will develop, each week will be able to produce 10,000.Fifth, intellectualized sensorThe intellectualized sensor is one kind of belt microprocessor sensor, is achievement which the microcomputer and the sensor unifies, it has at the same time the examination, the judgment and the information processing function, compares with the traditional sensor has very many characteristics:Has the judgment and the information processing function, can carry on the revision, the error to the observed value compensates, thus enhancement measuring accuracy;May realize the multi-sensor multi parameters survey;Has from the diagnosis and from the calibration function, enhances the reliability;The survey data may deposit and withdraw, easy to operate;It has the data communication interface, can and the microcomputer direct communication.The sensor, the signal adjustment electric circuit, the monolithic integrated circuitintegration forms ultra large-scale integrated on a chip the senior intelligence sensor . American HONY WELL Corporation ST-3000 intelligence sensor, the chip size only then has 3×4×2mm, uses the semiconductor craft, makes CPU,EPROM, the static pressure, the differential pressure, the temperature on the identical chip and so on three kind of sensitive units.The intellectualized sensor research and the development, US are at the leading position. American Space Agency when development spaceship called this kind of sensor for the clever sensor （Smart Sensor）, on the spaceship this kind of sensor is extremely important. Our country in this aspect research and development is also very backwards, mainly is because our country semiconductor integrated circuit technological level is limited.The sensor’s development is changing day after day since specially in the 80's humanities have entered into the high industrialization the information age, sensor technology to renewal, higher technological development. US, Japan and so on developed country sensor technological development quickest, our country because the foundation is weak, the sensor technology compares with these developed countries has the big disparity. Therefore, we should enlarge to the sensor engineering research, the development investment, causes our country sensor technology and the foreign disparity reduces, promotes our country instrument measuring appliance industry and from the technical development.中文译文传感器新技术的发展传感器是一种能将物理量、化学量、生物量等转换成电信号的器件。

传感器专业英语词汇

传感器专业英语词汇English:"Sensor technology encompasses a wide range of specialized vocabulary. Some key terms include 'transducer,' which refers to a device that converts one form of energy into another, such as turning physical signals into electrical signals. 'Sensor' itself is a broad term for devices that detect changes in their environment and generate a corresponding output. 'Actuator' is another important term, denoting a component that converts electrical signals into physical action, often working in tandem with sensors. 'Signal processing' involves the manipulation and analysis of sensor data to extract meaningful information. 'Accuracy' and 'precision' are critical metrics in sensor performance, referring to how closely measurements align with the true value and how consistent they are, respectively. 'Calibration' is the process of adjusting a sensor to ensure its accuracy. Other terms like 'resolution,' 'sensitivity,''linearity,' and 'hysteresis' delve into specific aspects of sensor functionality and performance. Overall, mastering sensor-related vocabulary is essential for professionals in this field to effectively communicate and innovate."中文翻译:"传感器技术涵盖了广泛的专业词汇。

外文资料翻译---传感器新技术的发展

Development of Sensor New Technology Sensor is one kind component which can transform the physical quantity, chemistry quantity and the biomass into electrical signal. The output signal has the different forms like the voltage, the electric current, the frequency, the pulse and so on, which can satisfy the signal transmission, processing, recording, and demonstration and control demands. So it is the automatic detection system and in the automatic control industry .If automatic Technology is used wider, then sensor is more important. In information age, the information industry includes information gathering, transmission, process three parts, namely sensor technology, communication, computer technology. Because of ultra large scale integrated circuit’s rapi d development after having been developed Modern computer technology and communication, not only requests sensor precision reliability, speed of response and gain information content request more and more high but also requests its cost to be inexpensive. The obvious traditional sensor is eliminated gradually because of the function, the characteristic, the volume, the cost and so on. As world develop many countries are speeding up to the sensor new technology’s research and the development, and all has obtained the enormous breakthrough. Now the sensor new technology development mainly has following several aspects:Using the physical phenomenon, the chemical reaction, the biological effect as the sensor principle therefore the researches which discovered the new phenomenon and the new effect are the sensor technological improving ways .it is important studies to developed new sensor’s the foundation. Japanese Sharp Corporation uses the superconductivity technology to develop successfully the high temperature superconductivity magnetic sensor and get the sensor technology significant breakthrough. Its sensitivity is so high and only inferior in the superconductivity quantum interference component. Its manufacture craft is far simpler than the superconductivity quantum interference component. May use in magnetism image formation technology. So it has the widespread promoted value.Using the immune body and the antigen meets one another compound when the electrode surface. It can cause the electrode potential change and use this phenomenon to be possible to generate the immunity sensor. The immunity sensor makes with this kind of immune body may to some organism in whether has this kind of ant original work inspection. Like may inspect somebody with the hepatitis virus immune body whether contracts the hepatitis, plays to is fast, the accurate role. The US UC sixth branch has developed this kind of sensor.The sensor material is the important foundation for sensor technology, because the materials science is progressive and the people may make each kind of new sensor For example making the temperature sensor with the high polymer thin film; The optical fiber can make the pressure, the current capacity, the temperature, the displacement and so on the many kinds of sensors; Making the pressure transmitter with the ceramics. The high polymer can become the proportion adsorption and the release hydrogen along with the environment relative humidity size. The high polymer electricity lies between the constant to be small, the hydrogen can enhance the polymer the coefficient of dialectical loss. Making the capacitor the high polymerdielectric medium, determines the electric capacity cape city the change, then obtains the relative humidity. Making the plasma using this principle to gather the legitimate polystyrene film temperature sensor below, it has the characteristic.Measured the wet scope is wide; The temperature range is wide, may reach -400 ℃ ~ +1,500 ℃; The speed of response is quick, is smaller than 1S; The size is small, may use in the small space measuring wet; The temperature coefficient is small.The ceramic electric capacity type pressure transmitter is one kind does not have the intermediary fluid the dry type pressure transmitter. Uses the advanced ceramic technology, the heavy film electronic technology, its technical performance is stable, the year drifting quantity is smaller than 0.1%F.S, warm floats is smaller than ±0.15%/10K, anti- overloads strongly, may reach the measuring range several hundred times. The survey scope may from 0 to 60mpa.German E+H Corporation and the American Kahlo Corporation product is at the leading position.The optical fiber application is send the material significant breakthrough, its uses in most early the optical communication techniques. In the optical communication use discovered works as environmental condition change and so on the temperature, pres-sure, electric field, magnetic field, causes the fiber optic transmission light wave intensity, the phase, the frequency, change and so on the polarization condition, the survey light wave quantity change, may know causes these light wave physical quantity the and so on quantitative change temperature, pressure ,electric field, magnetic field size, uses these principles to be possible to develop the optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor and the traditional sensor compare has many characteristics: Sensitivity high, the structure simple, the volume small, anti-corrosive, the electric insulation good, the path of rays may be curving, be advantageous for the realization telemeter and so on. Optical fiber sensor Japan is in the advanced level. Like Idec Izumi Corporation and Sun x Corporation. The optical fiber send receiver and the integrated path of rays technology unify, acce lerates the optical fiber sensor technology development. Will integrate the path of ray’s component to replace the original optics part and the passive light component; enable the optical fiber sensor to have the high band width, the low signal processing voltage, the reliability high, the cost will be low.In semiconductor technology processing method oxygenation, the photo etc hang, the proliferation, the deposition, the plane electron craft, various guides corrosion and steams plates, the sputtering thin film and so on, these have all introduced to the sensor manufacture. Thus has produced each kind of new sensor, like makes the silicon micro sensor using the semiconductor technology, makes the fast response using the thin film craft the gas to be sensitive, the wet sensitive sensor, the use sputtering thin film craft system pressure transmitter and so on..The Japanese horizontal river company uses various guides’corrosion technology to carry on the high accuracy three dimensional processing; the system helps the silicon resonance type pressure transmitter. The core partially presses two resonant Liang by the feeling which above the silicon diaphragm and the silicon diaphragm manufactures to form, two resonant Liang's frequency differencecorrespondence different pressure, measures the pressure with the frequency difference method, may eliminate the error which factor and so on ambient temperature brings. When ambient temperature change, two resonant Liang frequencies and the amplitude variation are same, after two frequency differences, its same change quantity can counterbalance mutually. It’s survey most high accuracy may reach 0.01%FS.American Silicon Microstructure Inc.(SMI) the company develops a series of low ends, linear in 0.1% to 0.In 65% scope silicon micro pressure transmitter, the lowest full measuring range is 0.15psi (1KPa), it makes take the silicon as the material, has the unique three dimensional structure, the light slight machine-finishing, makes the wheat stone bridge many times with the etching on the silicon diaphragm, when above silicon chip stress, it has the distortion, the resistance produces presses the anti- effect but to lose the bridge balance, the output and the pressure becomes the proportion the electrical signal.Such silicon micro sensor is the front technology which now the sensor develops, Its essential feature is the sensitive unit volume is a micron magnitude, Is the traditional sensor several dozens, several 1%. In aspect and so o n industry control, aerospace domain, biomedicine has the vital role, like on the airplane the use may reduce the airplane weight, reduces the energy. Another characteristic is can be sensitive is small surveyed, may make the blood pressure pressure transmitter.The Chinese aviation main corporation Beijing observation and control technical research institute, the development CYJ series splashes thanks the membrane pressure transmitter is uses the ion sputtering craft to process the metal strain gauge, it has over come the nonmetallic strain gauge easily the temperature influence insufficiency, has the high stability, is suitable in each kind of situation, is measured the medium scope widely, but also overcame the tradition lowly to glue the precision which the type brought, sluggish big, shortcoming and so on slow change, had the precision high, the re-liability is high, the volume small characteristic, widely used in domain and so on aviation, petroleum, chemical industry, medical service.Integrates the sensor the superiority is the traditional sensor is unable to achieve, it is a simple sensor not merely, it in at the same time the auxiliary circuit part and send the part will integrate on together the chip, will cause it to have the calibration, to compensate, from the diagnosis and the network correspondence function, it might reduce the cost, the gain in yield, this kind of blood pressure sensor which American LUCAS, NOV ASENSOR Corporation will develop, each week will be able to produce 10,000.The intellectualized sensor is one kind of belt microprocessor sensor, is achievement which the microcomputer and the sensor unifies, it has at the same time the examination, the judgment and the information processing function, compares with the traditional sensor has very many characteristics:Has the judgment and the information processing function, can carry on the revision, the error to the observed value compensates, thus enhancement measuring accuracy; May realize the multi-sensor multi parameters survey; Has from the diagnosis and from the calibration function, enhances the reliability; The survey datamay deposit and withdraw, easy to operate; Has the data communication interface, can and the microcomputer direct communication.The sensor, the signal adjustment electric circuit, the monolithic integrated circuit integration forms ultra large-scale integrated on a chip the senior intelligence sensor. American HONY WELL Corporation ST-3000 intelligence sensor, the chip size only then has 3×4×2mm3, uses the semiconductor craft, makes CPU, EPROM, the static pressure, the differential pressure, the temperature on the identical chip and so on three kind of sensitive units.The intellectualized sensor research and the development, US is at the leading position. American Space Agency when development spaceship called this kind of sensor for the clever sensor (Smart Sensor), on the spaceship this kind of sensor is extremely important. Our country in this aspect research and development also very backward mainly is because our country semiconductor integrated circuit technological level is limited.The sensor’s development is changing day after day since especially the 80's humanities have entered into the high industrialization the information age, sensor techno-logy to renewal, higher technological development. US, Japan and so on developed country sensor technological development quickest, our country because the foundation is weak, the sensor technology compares with these developed countries has the big disparity. Therefore, we should enlarge to the sensor engineering research, the development investment, causes our country sensor technology and the foreign disparity reduces, promotes our country instrument measuring appliance industry and from the technical development.传感器新技术的发展传感器是一种能将物理量、化学量、生物量等转换成电信号的器件。

多传感器融合定位技术原理

多传感器融合定位技术原理英文回答：Multi-sensor fusion positioning technology is a technology that uses multiple sensors to obtain theposition information of an object. It is widely used in many fields, such as navigation, robotics, and autonomous driving.The principle of multi-sensor fusion positioning technology is to use the complementary advantages of different sensors to improve the positioning accuracy and reliability. For example, GPS can provide accurate absolute positioning, but it is easily affected by environmental factors such as buildings and trees. Inertial navigation system (INS) can provide continuous positioning, but itwill drift over time. By fusing GPS and INS, the advantages of both sensors can be utilized to achieve high-precision and reliable positioning.Multi-sensor fusion positioning technology can be divided into two categories: centralized fusion and decentralized fusion. Centralized fusion is to collect the data from all sensors and process them in a central processor. Decentralized fusion is to process the data from each sensor separately and then fuse the results. Centralized fusion has higher accuracy but higher computational cost, while decentralized fusion has lower accuracy but lower computational cost.The key technologies of multi-sensor fusion positioning technology include sensor data preprocessing, sensor calibration, sensor data fusion, and positioning algorithm. Sensor data preprocessing is to remove noise and outliers from the sensor data. Sensor calibration is to correct the errors of the sensors. Sensor data fusion is to fuse the data from different sensors to obtain more accurate and reliable information. Positioning algorithm is to calculate the position of the object based on the fused data.中文回答：多传感器融合定位技术是一种利用多个传感器获取物体位置信息的技术，广泛应用于导航、机器人、自动驾驶等领域。

传感器技术外文文献及中文翻译

Sensor technologyA sensor is a device which produces a signal in response to its detecting or measuring a property ,such as position , force , torque ，pressure , temperature ，humidity , speed ，acceleration ，or vibration 。

Traditionally ，sensors （such as actuators and switches )have been used to set limits on the performance of machines .Common examples are (a）stops on machine tools to restrict work table movements ,(b) pressure and temperature gages with automatics shut-off features ，and （c）governors on engines to prevent excessive speed of operation . Sensor technology has become an important aspect of manufacturing processes and systems 。

It is essential for proper data acquisition and for the monitoring ，communication ，and computer control of machines and systems 。

Because they convert one quantity to another , sensors often are referred to as transducers .Analog sensors produce a signal , such as voltage ,which is proportional to the measured quantity .Digital sensors have numeric or digital outputs that can be transferred to computers directly 。

传感器课程教学大纲(双语)解读

《传感器与检测技术》课程教学大纲(双语) 一、课程基本信息课程代码：E131005课程名称：传感器与检测技术英文名称：Sensors and Detection technology课程类别：专业必修课Professional required course s学时：45(含实验)Class hours: 45（Experiment including）学分：3.0Credits: 3.0适用对象:电子信息工程专业的学生考核方式：考试（平时成绩占总成绩的30%）先修课程：高等数学，大学物理，模拟电路Pre-sessional course: Advanced Mathematics, University Physics, Analog circuit 二、课程简介“传感器与检测技术”是信息类专业必修的一门主要专业基础课。

传感器是将各种非电量（包括物理量、化学量、生物量等）按一定规律转换成便于处理和传输的另一种物理量的装置。

传感器开发和应用的综合技术，随着现代测量、控制和自动化技术的发展，越来越受到重视。

学生通过本课程的学习，可以获得比较全面而系统的传感器知识。

Course Description:“S ensors and detection technology”is a professional major basic course for information specialty. Sensor is a device that converts a physical signal (non-electric signal) into an electric signal according to certain rules. Integrated technology for sensor development and Application becomes a issue which gets a lot of attention with the development of Modern measurement、Control and automation technology。

文献翻译-汽车传感器技术

英文Automobile sensor technologyModern electron controls technology, control systematic, and transmission system for having advanced engine, regulating system as well as travel to guide the performance of systematic automobile takes decision role. Can say , now automobile manufacturing industry is the technical field that will adopt electronic system in large quantities , is also each kind of sensor develop vigorously the land of its specialty that used force. To ensure the safe, comfortable, low pollution of automobile and burn high to lead, each kind of sensor of development application has become the key of modern automobile electromechanical unifinication.Now automobile sensor and its production technology have become better day-by-day, each kind of sensor tends to mature basically, is batch production and sensor, and on high-grade luxury automobile and intelligent automobile, have used 200 to 300 sensors probably. Thus it can be seen, sensor technology is to realize the necessary foundation that automobile electron melts with guarantee condition, its application scope is very extensive.1 present situation with develop developmentIn recent years, automobile sensor development is quick, partial products have formed scale abroad to produce. As, pressure sensor and temperature sensor. Especially enter 90 decade, it is grown increasingly that it uses quantity. According to statistics, in Japan concerning leave empty burn than the high measure of detection, speed and vehicle and for barrier survey etc. have used approximately 50 kinds of sensor in all. In which, it is hot to study to measure 11 kinds; mechanics measure 31 kinds, 8 kinds of other. Now, using magneto resistive element, photo sensor and thermistor, the various sensors that strain gauge makes already extensive application in measure temperature, pressure, acceleration, displacement and rate of flow etc.. Use IC technical, tiny processing technique etc. make breath to press , rate of flow and pressure sensor will enter practical stage step by step.The practical level of 2 automobile sensorsThe major system of automobile application sensor has: ( l ) engine electronic control system; ( 2 ) automobile state information control system; ( 3 ) communication control system. In above-mentioned system, have used pressure, temperature, revolving, air rate of flow, gas and speed respectively , shake and each kind of sensors such as position, practical horizontal minute is stated as follows.2.1 pressure sensorsPressure sensor applies mainly in the transmission system of automobile, detection engine breath negative pressure, atmosphere, engine hydraulic pressure and brake hydraulic etc.. Now, already practical product has membrane to suit - differential transformer or sensor and semiconductor type sensor with electrostatic allow type sensor. In which, it is biggest that the semiconductor type application of pressure sensor measure , it is ten millions that whole world produce per year quantity to reach, market possesses rate, have reached 70%.2.2 temperature sensorsEach automobile assembly of temperature sensor major detection engine and automobile and the temperature that enters waste gas, cooling fluid, oil, fuel air mixture and the air in engine.Nowadays, on general automobile usually, need the temperature sensors more than 10. Practical product has thermistor and gas temperature sensor. Now, abroad, it is thirty-four millions that automobile temperature sensor produce per year quantity to reach.2.3 revolving sensorsRevolving sensor is used in detection angle of bend, the angle of airflow control, engine revolving speed and speed mainly. Now its already practical product measure scope is 0 ～360 degrees, belowprecision 0.5, measure angle of bend to reach 0.1, major type has electromagnetism type and magneto resistive type with suddenly Er element type and optical type etc..2.4 gas sensorsIn automobile engine system, gas sensor is used in detection air purification and control exhaust composition mainly. In various exhaust control systems apply oxygen sensor extensively ．the hear resistance of automobile exhaust sensor can higher, now already practical gas sensor have oxidize mainly oxygen sensor and the oxygen sensor of titanium oxide.2.5 air flow transducersAutomobile air flow transducer determines the combustion condition of engine mainly with engine control system and control leave empty burn than with start light a fire etc.. Now, already practical product has revolving board type , blocks the flowmeters such as the door type of eddy current, hot membrane type and the type of hot line.2.6 speed sensorsOn road, measure automobile speed , travel distance and the acceleration for automobile and brake with slide etc. detection , normally with " 5 ship instruments ", can satisfy the low measure requirement of middling speed better, but speed higher , measure error is greater. Therefore, the Japanese, German priority of our country is studied successfully not contact photoelectric speed sensor.2.7 shake sensorShake sensor use 10 automobile engine control ignition systems mainly in, realize to do not have shake working state, insurable certificate engine operates with economic norms and the power of biggest possibility. Now, abroad, already practical product has piezoelectricity type and the type sensor of magnetic induction.2.8 position sensorsPosition sensor is used in the distance of arrival destination and the location of detection automobile mainly. Now, already practical product has electromagnetism type and gyroscope type sensor two types.3 automobile sensor markets foreseeAlong with the quick development of auto industry, sensor has become automobile electronic pillar estate. According to market research, worldwide automobile sensor market is 3,800,000,000 dollars, in year, increase rate reaches 13%. In which, American automobile sensor market is 8,400,000,000 dollars in the beginning of 90 decade; annual increase rate is 154%. Japan is 8.300000000 dollars in the beginning of 90 decade, the end of 90 decade will break through 1,300,000,000 dollars, in the future most have potential will be speed sensor, position sensor, the gyroscope of optical cable and the sensor of terrestrial magnetism. The annual increase rate of above sensor will reach 22%, total sale will reach 4.900000000 dollars. Until 2000, have automatic control, identify barrier function, as well as the intelligent automobile that has definite position and communication function will reach practical melt. It produces per year quantity, will use 150 to 200 sensors for 1,500,000, each automobile.In a word ，Before automobile field is sensor mouth, and in the future, the most important market and that most has potential has development future very much. The automobile work industrial pillar as 90 decade as well as 21 century is industrial , just dynasty electricity melt safely , comfortable direction development, the various types of plenty of demands automobile sensor, develop various automobile sensors vigorously will become the overall realization of auto industry electronic fight goal.译文1汽车传感器技术现代电子控制技术对具有先进发动机控制系统、传动系统、调节系统以及行驶引导系统的汽车的性能起着决定性作用。

智能汽车传感器技术课程简介

智能汽车传感器技术课程简介（中英文版）Title: Introduction to Intelligent Vehicle Sensor TechnologyTitle: 智能汽车传感器技术课程简介Introduction:The course on Intelligent Vehicle Sensor Technology offers an comprehensive understanding of the essential role sensors play in modern automobiles.It delves into the principles behind various sensor types, their applications, and how they contribute to the functionality and safety of smart cars.简介：本课程全面介绍了传感器在现代汽车中的关键作用。

它深入探讨了各种传感器的工作原理、应用场景以及它们如何为智能汽车的性能和安全做出贡献。

Objectives:Upon completion of this course, participants will have a solid grasp of sensor technologies commonly used in intelligent vehicles.They will also understand how to integrate and apply these sensors in real-world scenarios to optimize vehicle performance and enhance safety.目标：完成本课程后，参与者将全面掌握智能车辆中常用的传感器技术。

他们还将了解如何在现实场景中集成和应用这些传感器，以优化车辆性能和提高安全性。

FS7600 Match—in—Sensor^TM指纹传感器新思科技有限公司

这款３Ｄ成像传感器还可以在物流管理中实现容积感测，提升物流效率。将该传感器安置于货运车辆内，它便能绘制车厢内的可用存储空间，以及堆放的物品分布，还能在车辆运输过程中，实时监测运输货品的完整性。Ｖａｙｙａｒ的传感器为卡车、货车、巴士以及火车提供了另一个层级的数字化信息，进一步优化车队及车辆级的利用效率。
一
新思科技（Ｓｙｎａｐｔｉｃｓ）宣布其新一代ＦＳ７６００Ｍａｔｃｈ．ｉｎ．ＳｅｎｓｏｒＴ产品已生产就绪，预计将在今年第三季度出货的全新ＰＣ外设产品上集成，而基于Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ的笔记本电脑预计将在下一个刷新周期出货。
统芯片（ＳｏＣ）架构，其中的单个设备可通过内置传感器的微处理器运行固件来执行输入和输出两个功能。通过在ＳｏＣ内独立执行安全敏感功能，并与主机操作系统完全隔离，Ｍａｔｃｈ。ｉｎ．ＳｅｎｓｏｒＴＭ增加了全新的安全级别。传统的主机匹配ｍａｔｃｈ．ｏｎ．ｈｏｓｔ认证方式安全性较低，因为指纹数据会与主机处理器进行数据传输，从而给硬件攻击和系统恶意软件创造了机会。
Ｍａｔｃｈ—ｉｎ—ＳｅｎｓｏｒＴＭ指纹识别解决方案包括一个系

Crash sensor

专利名称：Crash sensor发明人：Moriyama, Hiroshi, c/o Sensor TechnologyCo.,Ltd.,Sada, Hiroyuki, c/o SensorTechnology Co.,Ltd.,Shiozawa, Takeo, c/oSensor Technology Co.,Ltd.申请号：EP92106553.8申请日：19920415公开号：EP0511556A3公开日：19950705专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要：An electronic crash sensor which can operate appropriately in response to anyform of crash of any vehicle, more especially to a high speed oblique or pole crash of a vehicle which has a less rigid body or to a compound crash which is compound of various forms of crash, to say nothing of a high speed oblique or pole crash of a vehicle which has a normal rigid body. An input acceleration waveform from an accelerometer is processed to peak cut any portion thereof lower than a predetermined value. Then, the value obtained by the said peak cutting is time integrated. Then, a time integrated value of a predetermined function is subtracted from the value obtained by the said time integration. Then, the value of the acceleration waveform thus obtained is firstly compared with a predetermined time function value, and when the former is higher than the latter, a triggering signal is developed, while a diffrential of the said values of the acceleration waveform per a predetermined time value is secondly compared with a predetermined value, and when the former is higher than the latter, a triggering signal is developed. And further, the said first comparing means and the said second comparing means are connect with a trigger circuit to trigger a passenger protecing apparatus called an air bag by way of a connecting means.申请人：SENSOR TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.地址：5-5, Takatsukadai 1-chome Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi Hyogo 651-22 JP国籍：JP代理机构：Pellmann, Hans-Bernd, Dipl.-Ing.更多信息请下载全文后查看。

scientists have devised a way 阅读理解

scientists have devised a way 阅读理解Scientists have devised a way to measure the amount of pollution in the air more accurately. This new method uses an advanced sensor technology that can detect even small traces of pollutants. The sensor is portable and can be easily carried around by scientists to different locations.The traditional methods of measuring air pollution involve collecting air samples and analyzing them in a lab. This process is time-consuming and can be expensive. The new sensor technology allows scientists to measure pollution levels in real-time, providing immediate feedback on the quality of the air.The sensor works by detecting the presence of specific pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter. It then measures the concentration of these pollutants and sends the data to a computer for analysis. This allows scientists to create detailed maps of pollution levels in different areas.The accuracy of this new sensor technology is crucial for understanding the impact of air pollution on human health and the environment. By accurately measuring pollution levels, scientists can assess the effectiveness of pollution control measures and develop strategies to reduce pollution.In addition to measuring pollution levels, the sensor can also detect changes in air quality over time. This is important for monitoring the effectiveness of pollution control measures and for identifying areas that require additional attention.Overall, this new sensor technology has the potential to revolutionize how we measure and monitor air pollution. Its portability, accuracy, and real-time capabilities make it a valuable tool for scientists studying the impact of pollution on our planet.。

传感器科技英语 (1)

2014/1/28 English Accumulationhighly dense data storage. 高密度数据存储It is not beyond the realm of possibility that in the coming decades our lives may once again be revolutionized by products realized though the advances that nanotechnology can provide.在未来的几十年里我们的生活会再一次受到先进的纳米技术的产品革命，这是完全有可能的。

vague.模糊；不明确definitions and standards are still vague定义和标准都依然不明确overtly adv. 明显地；公开地，公然地It is needless to say that毋庸赘述pose serious danger to对…形成严重危害embark on从事，着手；登上船embark on nanotechnology research从事纳米技术研究be vigilant to对…警惕，注意A sensor is a device that responds to some stimulus by generating a functionally related output.（自己翻译一下试试）ambient conditions周围条件A sensor should be sensitive to the measurand（被测对象）and insensitive to any other input quantity.传感器应该对变量敏感，并且对输入的变量保持稳定。

Sensors are finding a more prominent（突出的，显著的）role in today’s world.find a more prominent role 成为更突出的角色，起到更显著的作用without delay不拖延；立即sensor research has grown exponentially（以指数方式）传感器的研究呈指数增长Parallel to平行于，在…的同时become a ubiquitous（无所不在的）part of life。