宁波市2018中考英语试题与答案解析(Word版)

宁波市2018 年初中学业水平考试英语试题考生须知：l.全卷分试题卷和答题卷。

试题卷共8页，有6个大题。

满分为95分，考试时间为90分钟。

2.请将姓名、准考证号分别填写在试题卷和答题卷的规定位置上。

3.答题时，把试题卷笫一至三大题的答案在答题卷对应的选项位置用2B铅笔涂黑、涂满。

将试题卷笫四、五、六大题的答案用黑色字迹的钢笔或签宇笔书写，答案必须按照题号顺序在答题卷各题目规定区域内作答，做在试题卷上或超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

It does not always come easy to discover oneself. From a young age, I had a strong sense of who I was to become,_ 1 an accident made me redefine (重审）myself.To me, skating was above all. There was _ 2 _ in this world that filled my heart with such joy. I spent twenty-four hours a week practicing my _ 3__. Having no social life or interests but skating, my devotion( 挚爱）brought me first place medals in nearly every _ 4 .Unfortunately, in one show, I fell down and hurt myself _ 5 __. After several X-rays and MRI(磁共振）scans, the 6 (told)Tie that I couldn't return to my sport any more. The pain in my back was hard to bear and even the 7 daily tasks became difficult. As my passion(激情）was_ 8 , I had little sense of who I was to become. After eight months of suffering , something had to 9 . Instead of wasting my dayssitting around painfully, I began to put my 10 into local community service projects. By volunteering _ 11 a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant for kids, I got an idea of who I 12 to become. After a few months, I devoted time to my interest in the arts. Little by Little, I 13 out of the shadow( 阴影）and rebuilt my confidence.Sometimes, some 14 rocks block (阻碍）our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to climb over. My accident was a rock that 15 _ to stop me from reaching success. T oday I’m a very confident and optimistic person.1. A. and B. but C. or D. so2. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything3. A. skills B. behaviors C. thoughts D. habits4. A. meeting B. party C. concert D. competition5. A. quickly B. softly C. badly D. slowly6. A. waiter B. doctor C. teacher D. policeman7. A. useful B. basic C. proper D. busy8. A. found out B. brought back C. waken up D. taken away9. A. change B. remain C. leave D. arrive10. A. energy B. duty C. wealth D. spirit11. A. with B. for C. as D. to12. A. wanted B. started C. promised D. lived13. A. ran B. jumped C. stood D. stepped14. A. small B. large C. ugly D. round15. A. managed B. helped C. failed D. continued二、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）阅读下面会材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

(A)As long as everyone contributes a little, the world 吐ll become a much better place.Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a helping hand. Now let's share some memorable moments.Linda: Once, when I was on my way back to my hometown, I lost mypurse without even knowing it. I was told over the train’s loudspeaker thatmy purse was at the railway station's lost and found office. But the trainhad already started. Seeing my helplessness, a kind hostess offered to lend me some money. I went back to the railway station and got my purse. I am still thankful to the railway staff and the person who found my purse.Scott: When I was a little boy, there was a time when I went to fishwith my elder sister. All of a sudden, I slipped into the river. The next thingI remember is my father holding me in the hospital. Today I still don’t knowwho got me out of that river. I have been trying to help other people whenever I can all these years.Tina: One of my neighbors is an old man who cannot speak. He makes money by recycling waste. Our other neighbors don't like his behavior. But in my opinion, it's his way to support his family. Once, after cleaning my house, I placed some cardboard boxes in his garden and left my rubbish beside my door. However, when I was about to go out,I found nothing outside my door but a note: "I have thrown away your rubbish. You area nice girl. Thanks a lot!"16. According to the passage above, we know thatA. the hostess found Linda's purseB. Linda knew where she lost her purseC. Scott still doesn't know who got him out of the riverD. some cardboard boxes were stolen by Tina's neighbor17. The writer is trying to tell us the value ofA. healthB. kindnessC. moneyD. safety18. The passage above is probably a .A. reportB. diaryC. novelD. letter(B)I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself. While I was in college, it was really easy to meet new people. But "out in the real world", I was finding it really hard. I live in a big city, and it seems like everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want. I was feeling so discouraged(沮丧的）and I didn't knowwhat to do, so I called my sister for some advice.My sister is five years older than I am, so she's been through all this already. She's been helping me with my problems all my life. When I explained my problem, she understood completely. She said, "Why don't you try meeting people online?""Online? Are you kidding?" I asked. "A friend of mine chatted with a guy online, and when she finally met him face to face, he was nothing like what he said."My sister laughed. "You don't have to look for dates online," she said. "But you can find other people like you—people who have just moved to town and want to make some new friends. When I first moved to New York after college, I found a book club and a football team online. I met a lot of people that way.""But you don't even like football!" I said."I know," she replied. "But that didn't matter. I still bad a lot of fun. You played volleyball in college. Why don't you look for a volleyball team to join? Or an art class?""Yeah! I saw a website about volunteering the other day." I said. "I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington. I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way.""Good idea!" my sister answered excitedly. "Hey, you might even meet the perfect guy.""OK, now you're starting to sound like Mom," I said. "Thanks a lot for the advice. I'm going online right now. I'll let you know what happens. Will you be home tonight?""No, but I'll be here all day tomorrow, so give me a call," my sister replied. "Good luck!"19. What was the writer's problem?A. She was cheated by her friend online.B. She was refused by a volleyball team.C. She couldn't meet people in her new city.D. She felt discouraged in her college.20. The writer's sisterA. lives in the same city as the writerB. doesn't have any advice for the writerC. had the same problem when she finished collegeD. She didn't go to college, but understands the writer's problem21. The writer is probably going toA. become a member of a football teamB. look for dates onlineC. join a book club like her sister didD. volunteer for an organization22. What's the best title for this passage?A. Looking for Fun OnlineB. Volunteering in a New CityC. Chatting with Friends OnlineD. Making Friends in a New City(C)Artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能）is the ability of a computer program or amachine to think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with the name "artificial intelligence" in 1955. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as we do.An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs that can learn, solve problems, and think logically(逻辑地）. At present we use the term Al for successfully understanding human speech, recognizing(识别）human faces, operating self-driving cars and competing in some game systems like Chess and AlphGo（阿尔法狗）. Some people also consider AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. Professor Stephen Hawking (霍金), a well-known British scientist, was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic language of AI. If we raise the standard in the learning of math, our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future. We not only want bright students, but also need to attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them into AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this fascinating field.23. From Paragraph 1, we know thatA. all problems can be solved by AIB. machines with AI can think and learnC. AI has been around for only 60 years.D. AI works in the same way as humans24. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是）A. ChessB. AlphaGoC. the dangerD. AI25. According to the writer and the following school report, which student will most probably become a successful AI designer?School ReportA. Mike.B. Peter.C. Amy.D. Cathy.26. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists’about AI.A. wishesB. worriesC. feelingsD. discoveries(D)In our culture, the ability to make one's own decisions is important. John F. Kennedy's quote(引语）"Too often we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought." shows an unpleasant truth.Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by others, and we often accept this information without spending much time thinking it over for ourselves.In today's world, we are being presented with information, ideas and beliefs, but many of them are against each other. Psychology(心理学）tells us that if we hear an idea enough times, or心t comes from someone we respect(尊敬), we will probably believe that idea. In these cases, we base our opinions on the opinions of others. If each of us does not think about this information for ourselves and come to our own conclusions , we will become nothing more than parrots（鹦鹉）quoting the opinions of others.Examples of spreading fake news without thought can be seen on the Internet. Some people believe whatever they read and then share the story without thinking about the facts. All it takes is one quick click(点击）of the "share" button, and the story travels on its way to influence even more unthinking readers. This can cause serious problems.If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear, and form our own opinions, we will be more thoughtful, more independent, and more creative people, but few take that time. Yet we need not lose heart over this bad habit. In fact, simply becoming aware (意识到）of it is the first step towards correcting it. Once we becomeaware that we tend(趋向）to hold opinions and beliefs without thinking them through, we can change that pattern of behavior. Hopefully, we can learn to experience and enjoy the "discomfort of thought" and form our own opinions.27. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To describe how Internet news spreads.B. To explain why people don't have their own opinions.C. To tell people that they should have their own thoughts.D. To warn people not to believe other people's ideas.28. The underlined word "fake" in Paragraph 4 probably meansA. untrueB. unhappyC. unfairD. unusual29. How can we have our own opinions according to the passage?A. By spreading the information we receive.B. By learning more about psychology.C. By quoting others' opinions like parrots.D. By thinking about what we read and hear.30. We can probably find this passage in a book aboutA. historyB. educationC. sportsD. languages三、任务型阅读（本题有5 小题，每小题l 分，共计5 分）下面是有关支付宝( Alipay )的英文版使用说明，请根据图片所示步骤，从A -E中选择正确的选项与图片配对。