济南市平阴县二模

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济南市平阴县中考物理二模试卷

济南市平阴县中考物理二模试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单项选择题 (共10题；共20分)1. （2分） (2019九上·石家庄月考) 下列几组物质中，均属绝缘材料的是：（）A . 玻璃、石墨、纯净水B . 干木材、陶瓷、海水C . 水银、玻璃、油D . 塑料、橡胶、陶瓷2. （2分）(2013·盐城) 如图所示，用棉线将铜棒ab悬挂于磁铁N、S极之间．闭合开关，当ab做切割磁感线运动时，观察到电流表的指针发生偏转．利用这一现象所揭示的原理，可制成的设备是（）A . 电动机B . 发电机C . 电磁继电器D . 电饭煲3. （2分） (2019八上·黄梅期中) 今年黄梅县大部分地区都曾处于严重干旱中。

为保证正常农业用水，人们用水泵抽水，如图所示。

抽水前先要向水管（铁质）中灌水，为判断水管中水的位置，人们常用敲打听声的方法来判断，这是利用声音的哪一特性？（）A . 音调B . 响度C . 音色D . 声速4. （2分）雷州半岛常年干旱少雨，严重影响了我市的工农业生产．今年2月21日我市在廉江高桥镇发射了6枚火箭，利用火箭把催化剂播撒到云中实现了人工降雨．催化剂使空气中的水蒸气变成小冰粒，冰粒在下降过程中变成了雨滴．水蒸气变成冰粒，冰粒变成雨滴的物态变化过程分别属于（）A . 凝华、熔化B . 升华、熔化C . 凝华、液化D . 升华、液化5. （2分） (2017八上·芜湖期末) 如图所示是“天宫二号”上携带的一颗小卫星的相机在“天宫二号”与“神州十一号”对接成功后为它们拍摄的合影．下列有关说法中正确的是（）A . 对接成功后，以“天宫二号”为参照物，“神州十一号”是静止的B . 拍摄合影时，“天宫二号”在小卫星的相机镜头的1倍焦距和2倍焦距之间C . “天宫二号”与“神州十一号”组合体在太空中质量为零D . “天宫二号”与“神州十一号”组合体绕地球做圆周运动时的运动状态不变6. （2分）在高压输电铁塔上一般都有“高压危险”的警示牌，然而停留在一根高压线上的小鸟却不会触电，这可能是因为（）A . 小鸟本身能耐高压B . 小鸟是绝缘体，所以不会触电C . 高压线外包着一层绝缘层D . 小鸟两爪间的电压很低7. （2分） (2017八下·大丰期中) 从运动员手中推出的铅球，在空中飞行过程中（不计空气阻力），则铅球：（）A . 只受到手的推力作用B . 受到重力和推力作用C . 只受到重力作用D . 没有受任何力的作用8. （2分） (2017九上·澧县期末) 如图所示电路．开关闭合后两灯发光．以下说法正确的是（）A . 电压表V的示数一定等于V1的示数B . 电压表V的示数一定大于V1的示数C . 电流表A的示数一定等于A1的示数D . 电流表A的示数一定等于A1的示数的2倍9. （2分）一物块轻轻放入盛满水的大烧杯中，静止后有76g水溢出，将其轻轻放入盛满酒精的大烧杯中，静止后有64g酒精溢出，酒精的密度是0.8×103kg/m3 ，则物块的密度是（）A . 1.2×103kg/m3BB . 0.95×103kg/m3C . 0.90×103kg/m3D . 0.84×103kg/m310. （2分）小明同学利用压敏电阻设计出判断小车运动状态的装置，其工作原理如图甲所示，将压敏电阻和一块挡板固定在绝缘小车上，中间放置一个绝缘小球，小车始终在平直的轨道上向右运动。

2023年山东省济南市平阴县人教版九年级二模数学试卷(无答案)

2023学业水平考试阶段性调研检测（2023.5）九年级数学试题温馨提示：1．本试题分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分．2．答题前，考生务必认真阅读答题纸中的注意事项，并按要求进行填、涂和答题．第Ⅰ卷选择题（40分）一、选择题（共10小题，每小题4分，共40分）1．－2019的绝对值是（）A．B ．C ．2019D ．－20192．某物体如图所示，它的主视图是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．3．截至2022年3月24日，携带“祝融号”火星车的“天问一号”环绕器在轨运行609天，距离地球277000000千米；277000000用科学记数法表示为（）A ．B ．C ．D ．4．如图，，点A 在直线上，点B 在直线上，AB ＝BC ，∠C ＝25°，∠1＝60°．则∠2的度数是（）A ．70°B ．65°C ．60°D ．55°5．下列图形中是轴对称图形的是（）1201912019-82.7710⨯72.7710⨯82.810⨯627710⨯12l l ∥1l 2lA ．B ．C ．D ．6．实数a ，b 在数轴上对应点的位置如图所示，下列结论正确的是（）A ．ab ＞0B ．a ＋b ＞0C．D ．a ＋2＜07．如图所示的电路图，同时闭合两个开关能形成闭合电路的概率是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．18．西周数学家商高总结了用“矩”（如图1）测量物高的方法：把矩的两边放置成如图2的位置，从矩的一端A （人眼）望点E ，使视线通过点C ，记人站立的位置为点B ，量出BG 长，即可算得物高EG ．令，，若a ＝30cm ，b ＝60cm ，AB ＝1.6m ，则y 关于x 的函数表达式为（）A ．B ．C ．y ＝2x ＋1.6D ．9．如图，中，若∠BAC ＝80°，∠ACB ＝70°，根据图中尺规作图的痕迹推断，以下结论错误的是（）a b <132312()m BG x =()m EG y =12y x =1 1.62y x =+1800 1.6y x =+ABC △A ．∠BAQ ＝40°B ．C ．AF ＝ACD ．∠EQF ＝25°10．已知抛物线与x 轴有两个交点，，抛物线与x 轴的一个交点是，则m 的值是（）A ．5B ．－1C ．5或1D ．－5或－1第Ⅱ卷非选择题（共110分）二、填空题（本大题共6个小题，每小题4分，共24分．）11．分解因式______．12．小明向图中的格盘中随意掷一棋子，使之落在三角形内的概率是______．13．关于x 的一元二次方程的一个根是2，则另一个根是______．14．如图，在中，∠ACB ＝90°，D ，E ，F 分别为AB ，BC ，CA 的中点．若EF 的长为10，则CD 的长为______．15．沐沐用七巧板拼了一个对角线长为2的正方形，再用这副七巧板拼成一个长方形（如图所示），则长方形的对角线长为______．16．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，把一个点从原点开始向上平移1个单位，再向右平移1个单位，得到点；把点向上平移2个单位，再向左平移2个单位，得到点；把点向下平移3个单位，再向左平移3个单位，得到点；把点12DE BD =()2y a x h k =-+()1,0A -()3,0B ()2y a x h m k =--+()4,029x -=220x x a +-=ABC △()11,1A 1A ()21,3A -2A ()34,0A -向下平移4个单位，再向右平移4个单位，得到点，…；按此做法进行下去，则点的坐标为______．三、解答题（本大题共10个小题，共86分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17．（本小题满分6分）．18．（本小题满分6分）解不等式组：，并写出它的整数解．19．（本小题满分6分）如图，在矩形ABCD 中，点E ，F 分别是边AB ，CD 的中点．求证：DE ＝BF ．20．（本小题满分8分）2022年3月23日，“天宫课堂”第二课开讲．“太空教师”翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富在中国空间站为广大青少年又一次带来了精彩的太空科普课．为了激发学生的航天兴趣，某校举行了太空科普知识竞赛，竞赛结束后随机抽取了部分学生成绩进行统计，按成绩分为如下5组（满分100分），A 组：，B 组：，C 组：，D 组：，E 组：，并绘制了如下不完整的统计图．请结合统计图，解答下列问题：（1）频数分布直方图中m ＝______，所抽取学生成绩的中位数落在______组；（2）补全学生成绩频数分布直方图；3A ()40,4A -10A 01(4)(1)6sin 30π-+-+--︒4(2)5312x x x x -≤-⎧⎪⎨+>⎪⎩7580x ≤<8085x ≤<8590x ≤<9095x ≤<95100x ≤<（3）若成绩在90分及以上为优秀，学校共有3000名学生，估计该校成绩优秀的学生有多少人？21．（本小题满分8分）每年的11月9日是我国的“全国消防安全教育宣传日”，为了提升全民防灾减灾意识，某消防大队进行了消防演习．如图1，架在消防车上的云梯AB 可伸缩（最长可伸至20m ），且可绕点B 转动，其底部B 离地面的距离BC 为2m ，当云梯顶端A 在建筑物EF 所在直线上时，底部B 到EF 的距离BD 为9m ．（1）若∠ABD ＝53°，求此时云梯AB 的长．（2）如图2，若在建筑物底部E 的正上方19m 处突发险情，请问在该消防车不移动位置的前提下，云梯能否伸到险情处？请说明理由．（参考数据：，，）22．（本小题满分8分）如图，AB 是的直径，AC 是的弦，AD 平分∠CAB 交于点D ，过点D 作的切线EF ，交AB 的延长线于点E ，交AC 的延长线于点F ．（1）求证：；（2）若CF ＝1，AC ＝2，AB ＝4，求BE 的长．23．（本小题满分10分）被誉为“世界杂交水稻之父”的“共和国勋章”获得者袁隆平，成功研发出杂交水稻，杂交水稻的亩产量是普通水稻的亩产量的2倍．现有两块试验田，A 块种植杂交水稻，B 块种植普通水稻，A 块试验田比B 块试验田少4亩．（1）A 块试验田共收获水稻9600千克、B 块试验田共收获水稻7200千克，求普通水稻和杂交水稻的亩产量各是多少千克？（2）为了增加产量，明年计划将种植普通水稻的B 块试验田的一部分改种杂交水稻，使总产量不低于17700千克，那么至少把多少亩B 块试验田改种杂交水稻？24．（本题满分10分）如图1，一次函数的图象与y 轴交于点B，与反比例函数sin530.8︒≈cos530.6︒≈tan53 1.3︒≈O O O O AF EF ⊥()30y kx k =-≠()0m y x x=>的图象交于点．（1）k ＝______；m ＝______．（2）点C 是线段AB 上一点（不与A ，B 重合），过点C 作y 轴的平行线与该反比例函数的图象交于点D ，连接OC ，OD ，AD ，当四边形OCAD 的面积等于24时，求点C 的坐标．（3）在（2）的前提下，将沿射线BA 方向平移一定的距离后，得到，若点O 的对应点恰好落在该反比例函数图象上，请直接写出此时点D 的对应点的坐标．25．（本题满分12分）甲、乙两个含45°角的直角三角尺如图①放置，甲的直角顶点放在乙斜边上的高的垂足O 处．将甲绕点O 顺时针旋转一个锐角到图②位置．小莹用作图软件Geogebra 按图②作出示意图，并连接AG ，BH ，如图③所示，AB 交HO 于E ，AC 交OG 于F ，通过证明，可得OE ＝OF ．（1）请你证明：AG ＝BH ．【迁移应用】（2）延长GA 分别交HO ，HB 所在直线于点P ，D ，如图④，猜想并证明DG 与BH 的位置关系．【拓展延伸】（3）小亮将图②中的甲、乙换成含30°角的直角三角尺如图⑤，按图⑤作出示意图，并连接HB ，AG ，如图⑥所示，其他条件不变，请你猜想并证明AG 与BH 的数量关系．26．（本小题满分12分）如图，抛物线交x 轴于，两点，交y 轴于点C ，动点P在抛物线的对称轴上．()8,1A OCD △O C D '''△O 'D 'OBE OAF ≌△△23y ax bx =++()3,0A ()1,0B -（1）求抛物线的解析式；（2）当以P ，B ，C 为顶点的三角形周长最小时，求点P 的坐标及的周长；（3）若点Q 是平面直角坐标系内的任意一点，存在点Q ，使得以A ，C ，P ，Q 为顶点的四边形是菱形，请直接写出所有符合条件的点Q 的坐标．PBC △。

济南市平阴县中考化学二模试卷

济南市平阴县中考化学二模试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共14题；共28分)1. （2分）(2016·邗江模拟) 下列属于纯净物的是（）A . 合金B . 干冰C . 空气D . 石油2. （2分） (2019九上·孝感期末) 下列变化属于化学变化的是（）A . 钢铁腐蚀B . 玻璃破碎C . 铁杵成针D . 酒精挥发3. （2分）(2020·菏泽) 在除去粗盐中难溶性杂质的实验中，下列操作正确的是（）A . 取用粗盐B . 溶解粗盐C . 过滤盐水D . 蒸发滤液4. （2分） (2016九上·乌拉特前旗期中) 空气中含有下列成分，其中都不属于污染物的一组是（）A . 氧气，氮氧化物B . 氧气，二氧化硫C . 碳粉尘，二氧化碳D . 水蒸气，氧气5. （2分） (2019九上·醴陵期末) 下列有关化学实验的“操作——现象——结论”的描述都正确的是（）选项操作现象结论A将高锰酸钾固体充分加热固体全部消失高锰酸钾易分解B将砂纸打磨过的铝丝浸入硫酸铜溶液中铝丝表面有铜析出铝比铜活泼C将一氧化碳气体通过灼热的氧化铜黑色粉末变红一氧化碳具有还原性D将集满二氧化碳的试管倒置于水槽中试管中水面上升二氧化碳能溶于水A . AB . BC . CD . D6. （2分） (2015九上·云南期中) 下列各微粒结构简图如图所示，其中表示阳离子的是（）A .B .C .D .7. （2分） 2009年12月7日至18日，世界气候大会在丹麦的哥本哈根举行，此次峰会的主题是“节能减排”，下列相关的做法不符合该会议精神的是（）A . 将煤加工成气体和液体，以提高煤的燃烧效率B . 大力发展风能太阳能等新能源，减少碳的排放量C . 推广使用压缩天然气（CNG）替代汽油和柴油作公交车和出租车的燃料D . 将工厂的烟囱造高，以减少工厂周围的大气污染8. （2分）(2018·高台模拟) 下列事实的微观解释正确的是（）A . 冰雪融化——分子间的间隔变小B . 水烧开后把壶盖顶开——分子数目变多C . 水在通电的条件下发生分解反应——原子种类发生变化D . 酒精温度计遇热读数上升——分子变大9. （2分） (2016九上·澧县期中) 下列各微粒的示意图中，表示阳离子的是（）A .B .C .D .10. （2分）如图是a、b两种固体物质的溶解度曲线。

山东省济南市平阴县中考二模语文试卷及答案

山东省济南市平阴县中考二模语文试卷及答案1 2021 年平阴县初三学业水平考试阶段性调研检测语文二模试题（2021.5 ）注意事项：本试题共6 6 页，满分为0 150 分，考试时间为0 120 分钟。

答题前，请考生务必将自己的姓名、座号和准考证号填写在答题卡规定位置，并同时将考点、姓名、准考证号和座号填写在试题规定的位置。

答选择题时，必须使用B 2B 铅笔填涂答题卡上相应题目的答案标号，修改时，要用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号；答非选择题时，用5 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题号所提示的答题区域作答。

直接在试题上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。

一（、（18 分）1 1 ．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）（3 3 分）A. 话茬（ch á）闭塞（s s è）膳食（sh àn n ）空穴来风（xu è）B. 恬静（ti án n ）矜持（j j ī ng ）舵手（du ò）浑身解数（xi è）C. 美髯（r r án n ）舟楫（j j í）笔砚（y y àn n ）怅然若失（ch à ng ）D. 糜子（m m éi i ）锡箔（b b ó）国殇（ch á n g ）杳无音信（y y ǎo o ）2 2 ．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）（3 3 分）A. 荧光鱼水情络绎不绝历尽心血B. 云霄渡难关直书胸臆如坐针毡C. 诀别嘉奖令自惭形秽根深缔固D. 陡峭化妆品咄咄逼人刨根问底3 3 ．下列句子中加点成语使用恰当的一项是（）（3 3 分）A A ．这些豆蔻年华的男女学生，参加竞赛活动的热情相当高。

B B ．人生的征途中有艰难困苦的逆境，也有峰回路转的机遇。

C C ．为了实现心中的梦想，同学们刻苦学习，几乎达到了忘乎所以的程度。

2024年山东省济南平阴县中考二模数学试题(含答案)

2024年初三年级学业水平考试数学模拟试题二温馨提示：1.本试题分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分.2.答题前，考生务必认真阅读答题纸中的注意事项，并按要求进行填、涂和答题.第Ⅰ卷选择题（40分）一、选择题（共10小题，每小题4分，共40分）1.的倒数是（）A.2024B. C. D.2.花期有约，共赴“玫”好，2024玫瑰产品博览会于4月26日盛大开幕，美丽经济如花绽放，平阴玫瑰品牌价值达到31.75亿元，将31.75亿用科学记数法表示应为（）A. B. C. D.3.将一副三角板和一个直尺按如图所示的位置摆放，则的度数为（）A. B. C. D.4.下列运算正确的是（）A. B. C. D.5.若关于的一元二次方程有一个解为，则另一个解为（）A.1B.C.3D.46.对称美是美的一种重要形式，它能给与人们一种圆满、协调、和平的美感，下列图形属于中心对称图形的是（）A. B. C.D.7.在一次中学生田径运动会上，参加男子跳高的15名运动员的成绩如下表所示：成绩 1.50 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80人数232341则这些运动员成绩的中位数、众数分别为（）A.、B.、C.、D.、8.二次函数的图象如图所示，则一次函数与反比例函数在同一平面直角坐标2024-120242024-12024-83.17510⨯93.17510⨯103.17510⨯100.317510⨯1∠60︒65︒75︒85︒236a a a⋅=22(3)6a a=632a a a÷=22232a a a-=x 220x x m -+=1x =-3-/m 1.65 1.701.65 1.751.70 1.751.70 1.702y ax bx c =++y ax c =+cy x=系中的大致图象为（）A. B. C. D.9.如图，在中，，，分别以点，为圆心，大于的长为半径画弧，两弧相交于点，，作直线分别交，于点，.以为圆心，长为半径画弧，交于点，连结，.给出四个结论：①②③④.其中正确的结论有个（）A.1B.2C.3D.410.经过，两点的抛物线（为自变量）与轴有交点，则线段长为（）A.10B.12C.13D.15第Ⅱ卷非选择题（共110分）二、填空题（本大题共6个小题，每小题4分，共24分.）11.因式分解：______.12.先后两次抛掷同一枚质地均匀的硬币，则第一次正面向上、第二次反面向上的概率是______.13.若代数式与的值相等，则的解为______.14.如图，在中，，，，将绕点顺时针旋转得，则图中线段扫过的阴影部分的面积为______.ABC△AB AC =36B ∠=︒A C 12AC D E DE AC BC F G G GC BC H AG AH AG CG =2B HAB ∠=∠2BG CG CB =⋅CAH BAG △≌△(23,)A b m -(41,)B b c m +-22122y x bx b c =-+-+x x AB 2x x +=1x 312x-x ABC △45ABC ∠=︒30ACB ∠=︒AB =ABC △C 60︒CDE △AB15.一辆快车从甲地出发驶向乙地，在到达乙地后，立即按原路原速返回到甲地，快车出发一段时间后一辆慢车从甲地驶向乙地，中途因故停车后，继续按原速驶向乙地，两车距甲地的路程与慢车行驶时间之间的函数图象如图所示.则慢车的速度为______千米/时.16.如图1，有一张矩形纸片，已知，，现将纸片进行如下操作：现将纸片沿折痕进行折叠，使点落在边上的点处，点在上（如图2）；然后将纸片沿折痕进行第二次折叠，使点落在第一次的折痕上的点处，点在上（如图3），给出四个结论：①的长为10；②；③的周长为的长为5.其中正确的结论有______.（写出所有正确结论的序号）图1图2图3三、解答题（本大题共10个小题，共86分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17.（本小题满分6分）计算：.18.（本小题满分6分）解不等式组并写出它的整数解.19.（本小题满分6分）如图，已知矩形中，对角线，相交于点，过点作，交的延长线于点.求证：；1h 4(km)y (h)x ABCD 10AB =12AD =BF A BC E F AD DH C BF G H BC AF 23BG GF =BGH △12+GH 0|3|(3)tan 45π-+--+︒24533x x x x -<⎧⎪⎨++≥⎪⎩①②ABCD AC BD O A //AE BD CB E AE AC =20.（本小题满分8分）如图（1）是一种简易台灯，在其结构图（2）中灯座为（伸出部分不计），，、在同一直线上.量得，，，，灯杆长为，灯管长为.（参考数据：，，，，，.）（1）（2）（1）求与水平桌面（所在直线）所成的角；（2）求台灯的高（点到桌面的距离，结果精确到）21.（本小题满分8分）为贯彻落实党的二十大关于深化全民阅读活动的重要部署，教育部印发了《全国青少年学生读书行动实施方案》，于是某中学开展了以“书香润校园，好书伴成长”为主题的系列读书活动.学校为了解学生周末的阅读情况，采用随机抽样的方式获取了若干名学生的周末阅读时间数据，整理后得到下列不完整的图表：类别类类类类阅读时长（小时）频数84请根据图表中提供的信息，解答下面的问题：（1）此次调查共抽取了______名学生，______，______；（2）扇形统计图中，类所对应的扇形的圆心角是______度；（3）已知在类的4名学生中有两名男生和两名女生，若从中随机抽取两人参加阅读分享活动，请用列表或画树状图的方法求出恰好抽到一名男生和一名女生的概率.22.（本小题满分8分）ABC △BC A C D 90ACB ∠=︒60A ∠=︒16cm AB =135ADE ∠=︒CD 40cm DE 15cm sin150.26︒=cos150.97︒=tan150.27︒=sin 300.5︒=cos300.87︒=tan 300.58︒=DE AB E 0.1cm A B C D t 01t ≤<12t ≤<23t ≤<3t ≥m nm =n =B D如图1，在中，为的直径，点为上一点，为的平分线交于点，连接交于点.图1图2（1）求的度数；（2）如图2，过点作的切线交延长线于点，过点作交于点.若的半径为，，求的长.23.（本小题满分10分）由于新能源电动汽车越来越受到消费者的青睐.某汽车经销商销售，两种型号的新能源汽车，已知购进3台型新能源汽车和2台型新能源汽车需要85万元，购进2台型新能源汽车和1台型新能源汽车需要50万元.（1）问型，型新能源汽车的进货单价分别是多少万元？（2）若该经销商计划购进型和型两种新能源汽车共20辆，且购进型新能源汽车数量不低于型新能源汽车数量的2倍.每辆型新能源汽车售价25万元，每辆型新能源汽车售价28万元，那么购进型、型新能源汽车各多少辆时，全部销售后获得的利润最大？24.（本小题满分10分）探究函数性质时，我们经历了列表、描点、连线画出函数图象，观察分析图象特征，概括函数性质的过程.结合已有的学习经验，请画出函数的图象并探究该函数的性质.…01234………（1）列表，写出表中，的值：______，______；描点、连线，在所给的平面直角坐标系中画出该函数的图象.O AB O C O AD CAB ∠O D OD BC E OEB ∠A O BC F D //DG AF AB G O 7AD =DG A B A B A B A B A B B A A B A B 2122y x =-+x 4-3-2-1-y23-a 2-4-b 4-2-1211-23-a b a =b =（2）观察函数图象，下列关于函数性质的结论正确的有______.①函数的图象关于轴对称；②当时，函数有最小值，最小值为；③在自变量的取值范围内函数的值随自变量的增大而减小.（3）已知函数的图象如图所示，结合你所画的函数图象，直接写出不等式的解集.25.（本小题满分12分）如图1，抛物线与轴交于点，与直线交于点，点在轴上.点从点出发，沿线段方向匀速运动，运动到点时停止.图1图2（1）求抛物线的表达式；（2）当请在图1中过点作交抛物线于点，连接，，判断四边形的形状，并说明理由.（3）如图2，点从点开始运动时，点从点同时出发，以与点相同的速度沿轴正方向匀速运动，点停止运动时点也停止运动.连接，，直接写出的最小值.26.（本小题满分12分）如图在四边形中，，，，，，点在边上，且.将线段绕点顺时针旋转到，的平分线所在直线交折线于点，连接.2122y x =-+y 0x =2122y x =-+6-y x 21033y x =--212210233x x -<--+2y x bx =-+x A y x =-(4,4)B -(0,4)C -y P B BO O 2y x bx =-+BP =P PD OA ⊥D PC OD OCPD P B Q O P x P Q BQ PC CP BQ +ABCD 8AB =BC =12CD =6DA =90A ∠=︒M AD 2DM =MA M (0180)n n ︒<≤MA 'A MA ∠'MP AB BC -P A P '图1图2备用图（1）若点在上，求证：；（2）如图2.连接，直接写出的度数；当时，请求出的长度（3）若点到的距离为2，直接写出的值；2024年初三年级学业水平考试（2024.5）数学模拟试题二答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每小题4分，满分40分）题号12345678910答案DBCDCACACB二、填空题（共6小题，每小题4分，满分24分）11.12.13.15.8016.①②④三、解答题17.解：原式.18.解：解不等式①，得，解不等式②，得，原不等式组的解集是，整数解为，，.19.证明：四边形是矩形，，又，四边形是平行四边形，，；其它正确做法按步骤得分20.解：（1）如图所示：过点作，过点作于点，于点，（1）（2）由题意可得：四边形是矩形，则，，，，即与水平桌面（所在直线）所成的角为；P AB A P AP '=BD CBD ∠180n =BP P BD tan A MP ∠'(1)x x +14153121=+-+3=4x <1x ≥∴14x ≤<∴123 ABCD //AD BC ∴AC BD =//AC BD ∴AEBD ∴BD AE =∴AC AE =D //DF AB D DN AB ⊥N EF AB ⊥M DNMF 90NDF ∠=︒60A ∠=︒ 90AND ∠=︒∴30ADN ∠=︒∴135903015EDF ∠=︒-︒-︒=︒DE AB 15︒（2）如图所示：，，，，则，灯杆长为40，，在中，，，则.在中，，灯管长为15，，解得：，故台灯的高为：.21.（1），，；（2）（3）解：画树状图为：共有12种等可能的结果，其中一名男生和一名女生的结果数为8，所以恰好抽到一名男生和一名女生的概率.22.证明：（1）是的直径，，平分，，即，，，，，，（2）如图，连接，半径为7，，90ACB ∠=︒60A ∠=︒16cm AB =∴30ABC ∠=︒182AC AB == CD ∴48AD =Rt ADN △90AND ∠=︒cos cos30DN ADN AD∴∠=︒=∴cos30480.8741.76DN AD =⋅︒=⨯=41.76FM DN ==Rt DEF △90DFE ∠=︒DE ∴sin sin150.2615EF EFEDF DE ∠=︒===3.9EF = 3.941.7645.7(cm)+≈401810162︒82123= AB O ∴90ACB ∠=︒ AD CAB ∠∴12BAD BAC ∠=∠2BAC BAD ∠=∠ OA OD =∴BAD ODA ∠=∠∴2BOD BAD ODA BAD ∠=∠+∠=∠∴BOD BAC ∠=∠∴//OD AC ∴90OEB ACB ∠=∠=︒BD ∴14AB =，是的切线，，，，其它正确做法按步骤得分23.解：（1）设型新能源汽车的单价为万元，型新能源汽车的单价为万元，依题意得：，解得，答：型新能源汽车的单价为15万元，型新能源汽车的单价为20万元；（2）设购进型新能源汽车辆，则购进型新能源汽车辆，全部销售后获得的利润为元，依题意得：，，随的增大而增大，又，，当时，全部销售后获得的利润最大，最大利润为172万元，此时（辆），答：购进型新能源汽车6辆，型新能源汽车14辆时，全部销售后获得的利润最大，最大利润为172万元.24.解：（1），，画出函数的图象如图：（2）根据函数图象正确的有①②（3）不等式的解集为或.25.（1）解：抛物线过点，，，∴BD === AF O ∴AF AB ⊥ //DG AF ∴DG AB ⊥∴1122ABD S AD BD AB DG∆=⋅=⋅∴AD BD DG AB ⋅===A x B y 3285250x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩1520x y =⎧⎨=⎩A B A m B (20)m -w (2515)(2820)(20)2160w m m m =-+-⨯-=+ 20>∴w m 202m m -≥∴203m ≤∴6m =20614-=A B 1211a =-6b =-212210233x x -<--+4x <-21x -<< 2y x bx =-+(4,4)B -∴1644b -+=-∴3b =∴23y x x=-+（2）四边形是平行四边形.理由：如图1，作交抛物线于点，垂足为，连接，.图1点在上，，，连接，，，，，当时，，，，，，轴，轴，，四边形是平行四边形；（3）的最小值为26.（1）将线段绕点顺时针旋转到，的平分线所在直线交折线于点，又，（2）；如图所示，当时，OCPD PD OA ⊥D H PC OD P y x =-∴OH PH =45POH ∠=︒BC 4OC BC ==∴OB = BP =∴OP OB BP =-=∴2OH PH ====2D x =4322D DH y ==-+⨯=∴224PD DH PH =+=+= (0,4)C -∴4OC =∴PD OC = OC x ⊥PD x ⊥∴//PD OC ∴OCPD CP BQ + MA M (0180)n n ︒<≤MA '∴A M AM'= A MA ∠'MP AB BC -P ∴A MP AMP∠'=∠ PM PM =∴A MP AMP'△≌△∴A P AP'=90CBD ∠=︒180n =11图2平分，，，，，，，，即解得（3）的值为或 PM A MA ∠'∴90PMA ∠=︒∴//PM AB ∴DNM DBA △△∽∴DN DM MN DB DA BA== 2DM =6DA =∴21068DN MN ==∴103DN =83MN =∴203BN BD DN =-= 90PBN NMD ∠=∠=︒PNB DNM ∠=∠∴PBN DMN△△∽∴PB BN DM MN=203823PB =∴5PB =tan A MP ∠'76236。

2024年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模语文试题(含答案)

A．【甲】B．【乙】C．【丙】D．【丁】4. 同学们在整理2023年我国重大科技成果时，纷纷为我国科技发展成就点赞，为广大的科技工作者点赞。

班级围绕“科技”话题开展语文实践活动，请你参与并完成任务。

（7分）(1)活动中，小鲁搜集到了下面两则材料。

请写出你从材料中探究到的信息。

（3分）【材料一】2023年我国重大科技成果：中国空间站进入应用与发展阶段；我国科学家首次在实验中实现了模式匹配量子密钥分发；液氧甲烷火箭朱雀二号遥二运载火箭发射成功；255个光子的量子计算原型机“九章三号”刷新世界纪录；神舟十六号载人飞船、神舟十七号载人飞船发射取得圆满成功；第四十次南极考察启动……越来越多“中国足迹”标注科技发展的“中国高度”，基础研究持续为科技创新提供不竭动能，科技体制改革进一步营造良好氛围、激发人才活力……一系列突破性、标志性科技成果令人振奋！点赞中国科技，致敬科技工作者！【材料二】①身体可以失重，但心灵永远不能失重，唯有全力以赴才能不负时代、不负梦想。

——神舟十七号乘组指令长汤洪波②要做需要非常努力跳起来才够得着的科研，并坚持做到极致。

——中国科学技术大学教授陆朝阳③我们的使命就是用自己的努力，为更好地认识南极、保护南极、利用南极作出贡献。

——中国第四十次南极考察队首席科学家张北辰(2)下图是 “全国科技工作者日”的徽标。

请说明徽标构图和设计意图。

（4分）A．“也”作为语气词，其中一种作用是用在句末表反问语气，甲乙两文中的画线句就是这种用法。

B．“鸣之而不能通其意”和“牝而黄”两句中的“而”意义和用法相同。

C．乙文中加点的“子”是古代对男子的尊称，和“令、高、赐、奉上”等都属于敬辞。

D．通假字是中国古书的用字现象之一，“祗辱于奴隶人之手”和 “穆公不说”两句中都有通假字。

7．下列对甲乙两文的理解或分析不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．甲文通过对千里马不遇伯乐的议论，表达作者对贤才难遇明主的愤懑。

B．乙文通过记叙伯乐举荐九方皋为秦穆公寻找天下最好的马的故事，告诉我们看待事物要独具慧眼，看其实质。

山东省济南市平阴县2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编：阅读理解七选五(含答案)

山东省济南市平阴县2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编阅读理解七选五2023年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题VI.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(10分)How to lower costs and improve the living quality?There are numerous products posted on social media, and you might believe an electric toothbrush, Luna facial cleaning massager, a flight ticket to Phuket and so on will bring you a better life. But for many graduates or those who have worked for only one or two years, your income cannot keep pace with expense. 71 Here ’s how:Keep running or doing yogaIt seems to be a challenge to afford a fitness center costing over 10,000 yuan in annual fees or for a personal trainer. But you can buy a pair of sneakers or a yoga mat instead. Running in a park regularly or doing yoga at home using free online resources is definitely a type of quality life.72 .Go to museums or librariesChasing young good-looking stars, watching their films and buying expensive tickets for their concerts are popular with many young people. 73 You seem to fail to take into account a variety of exhibitions and resources updated frequently in major cities. Why not have a try? What you need to do is to choose themes that you are interested in, make an online appointment in advance and then enjoy your weekend.74For some young people, the easy and instant access and the discount codes of online shopping make it an addictive draw. Sometimes what you buy online is not what you really need and the demands are created by the producers. For example, many buy new clothing and they don't wear. 75 Money is not the only thing that can drive your quality of living, but your optimistic attitude towards life and self-disciplined way of life are.2022年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题六、阅读还原7选5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

山东省济南市平阴县第一中学2024届高三第二次诊断性检测生物试卷含解析

山东省济南市平阴县第一中学2024届高三第二次诊断性检测生物试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、选择题(本大题共7小题,每小题6分,共42分。

)1．图甲、乙中标注了相关限制酶的酶切位点。

培育转基因大肠杆菌的叙述错误的是（．．．．．）．A．若通过PCR技术提取该目的基因，应该选用引物甲和引物丙B．图中质粒和目的基因构建表达载体，应选用BclⅠ和Hind Ⅲ剪切C．若将基因表达载体导入受体细胞中，需选用感受态的大肠杆菌D．在受体细胞中，氨苄青霉素抗性基因和目的基因可同时表达2．下列关于冠状病毒的相关叙述正确的是（）A．冠状病毒是一种致病性很强的DNA病毒B．抗生素对冠状病毒具有较强的杀伤作用C．冠状病毒属于非细胞生物，不能独立代谢D．冠状病毒只感染人体，不能感染其它动物3．某同学为了探究酵母菌的细胞呼吸方式，将少量的酵母菌混入适量的面粉揉成光滑面粉团后均等分装在2个洁净的塑料袋中，一组充满空气（甲组），一组则排净空气（乙组），扎紧袋口后放在相同且适宜的环境中观察20---30min。

下列叙述不正确的是（）A．一段时间后甲组的塑料袋内壁有水珠出现，面团变湿润B．该实验中甲组为实验组，乙组为对照组C．若放置的时间足够长，甲组也会产生酒精D．该实验应选择大小合适，气密性良好的塑料袋4．如图，仅就A、B两条曲线的变化趋势而言，下列说法错误的是（）A．若横坐标表示生态系统的复杂程度，一般情况下，A可表示抵抗力稳定性，B可表示恢复力稳定性B．若横坐标表示由草原到森林的演替，A可表示群落呼吸消耗的有机物量，B可表示群落垂直结构层次数C．若横坐标表示时间，A、B可表示随着时间的变化具有竞争关系的两个种群的数量变化D．若横坐标表示某种群在一定时间范围内数量的变化，A可表示种内斗争的情况，B可表示个体所占有的资源和空间的变化5．某原核生物的一个基因发生突变后，转录形成的mRNA长度不变，但翻译出的多肽链变短，下列推断不合理的是（）A．该突变发生的很可能是碱基对的替换B．突变可能导致mRNA上终止密码子提前出现C．组成突变后基因的脱氧核苷酸数目没有改变D．该突变一定导致相应蛋白质丧失原有功能6．真核细胞的DNA片段有一富含TATA序列的启动子，转录过程中，一些蛋白质先与启动子相连接产生蛋白质-DNA 复合物，随后RNA聚合酶就被安置在启动子上开始进行转录。

山东省济南市平阴县2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编：完形填空(含答案)

山东省济南市平阴县2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编完形填空2023年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题Ⅱ.完形填空阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。

(15分)When I was in college, a white cat liked to occasionally (偶尔地) show up on our campus. It was 21 that he was a stray(流浪的) cat because he looked thin and weak.Students 22 play with him after class and feed him all kinds of food. The school didn't say 23 about the cat for a long time.But one day, we were 24 that one of our fellow students had an infectious(传染性的)disease and that the cat was 25 the source(来源). After that, we were not26 to touch any stray animals on campus. The school started to 27 to keepanimals off campus as well.Since we were not allowed to feed the white cat, it was 28 for him to find food on the street. He 29 weak and skinny. But 30 the rest of us ignored(忽视) the cat, a security guard(保安) at our school decided to take on the 31 of caring for him. He took the cat to a veterinarian(兽医) for a health check. He then went to a nearby supermarket and bought food for the cat, 32 a small bed for him to sleep in. He made sure the cat was 33 and comfortable.It might seem like a(n) 34 effort to some people. But this man risked his job-his only source of income- just to feed a tiny cat 35 no one else cared for. It was a very heartwarming thing to see.21. A. surprised B. natural C. fine D. clear22. A. would B. will C. can D. should23. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything24. A. told B. given C. explained D. pointed25. A. nearly B. normally C. possibly D. specially26. A. offered B. allowed C. preferred D. refused27. A. make efforts B. look forward C. take turns D. make mistake28. A. excited B. relaxed C. simple D. hard29. A. felt B. found C. became D. achieved30. A. if B. since C. until D. while31. A. necessity B. challenge C. responsibility D. balance32. A. instead of B. as well as C. due to D. so well as33. A. busy B. healthy C. lucky D. rich34. A. full B. great C. best D. small35. A. what B. who C. when D. where2022年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题二、完形填空Think before we speakIt was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the ____16____ station was waiting for the train to arrive. Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation.It was a ____17____ station with a lot of people and some juice shops, coffee and tea stalls, newspaper shops, ect. The train was arriving and everyone prepared to ____18____ the train to their seats.The group of friends made loud noise to ____19____ the train as it moved into the station. They ran to get their seats ____20____ anyone entered the train.The empty seats were ____21____ and the train whistled(鸣笛) to move. An old man with a young boy aged around 15 had their seats just next to the friends’ group. The young boy was so____22____ to see everything. He cheered, “Dad, the train is moving and the things are moving backward.”His father ____23____ and nodded his head.As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed(尖叫), “Dad, the ____24____ are green in color and run backward very fast.” His father said, “Yes, dear,” and smiled.Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great ____25____.A fruit seller passed selling apples, bananas and oranges. The young boy asked his dad, “I want to eat ____26____.” His father bought some for him. He said, “Oh, this apple looks a lot sweeter than it tastes. I love this color.”The group was watching all the ____27____ of this boy and asked the boy’s father, “Is your son having any problem? Why is he behaving so ____28____?”“His son is mad, I think,” a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted.The father of the young boy, with patience, ____29____ the friends’ group, “My son was born ____30____. Only a few days ago he was operated. He is seeing different things in his life for the first time.”16．A．railway B．bus C．police D．television 17．A．dark B．silent C．busy D．lonely18．A．get off B．get down C．get out D．get into 19．A．break B．welcome C．push D．leave 20．A．after B．until C．before D．as 21．A．washed B．moved C．filled D．carried 22．A．surprised B．afraid C．sorry D．proud 23．A．shouted B．smiled C．cried D．refused 24．A．skies B．trees C．rivers D．houses 25．A．interest B．doubt C．courage D．sadness 26．A．apples B．bananas C．oranges D．strawberries 27．A．fruits B．words C．clothes D．activities 28．A．happily B．differently C．quietly D．quickly 29．A．quarreled with B．waited for C．replied to D．pointed at 30．A．normal B．deaf C．mad D．blind2021年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题look like.”36．A．newspaper B．magazine C．study D．book37．A．we B．they C．you D．she 38．A．confident B．sure C．worried D．happy 39．A．probably B．hardly C．never D．finally 40．A．Get B．Open C．Take D．Find41．A．the same B．different C．special D．interesting 42．A．look after B．look for C．look at D．look like 43．A．because B．although C．but D．or44．A．kind B．strong C．young D．famous 45．A．early B．properly C．slowly D．carefully 46．A．enjoy B．stop C．finish D．forget 47．A．come B．continue C．disappear D．happen 48．A．age B．job C．hobby D．man 49．A．make B．avoid C．refuse D．protect 50．A．supermarkets B．streets C．parks D．schools答案：2023年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题21-25DABAC 26-30BADCD 31-35CBBDB2022年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．D2021年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题36．C 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D。

平阴县二模英语中考试卷

一、听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1. What does the man mean when he says "It's a piece of cake"?A. It's very easy.B. It's a piece of art.C. It's a piece of cake.D. It's a piece of chocolate.2. Why does the woman feel sad?A. She lost her job.B. She didn't pass the exam.C. She broke her leg.D. She didn't get the promotion.3. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. Weather forecast.B. Travel plans.C. Shopping.D. Health advice.4. How much is the ticket for the movie?A. $8.B. $10.C. $12.D. $15.5. What does the man suggest doing?A. Having a picnic.B. Going to the beach.C. Visiting a museum.D. Watching a movie.第二节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The Internet has become an integral part of our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. With just a few clicks, we can access information from all over the world. However, the Internet also brings along some challenges. For instance, it can be a source of distraction, leading to reduced productivity. Additionally, it exposes us to cyber threats, such as hacking and phishing.To make the most of the Internet, it is important to develop good online habits. Here are some tips:1. Set specific goals for your online activities. This will help you stay focused and avoid wasting time.2. Use productivity tools to manage your time effectively. For example, you can use a to-do list or a time management app.3. Regularly update your security software to protect your computer from malware and viruses.4. Be cautious while sharing personal information online. Only provide information that is necessary.5. Take regular breaks from the screen to avoid eye strain and maintain your physical health.By following these tips, you can enjoy the benefits of the Internet while minimizing its negative impacts.二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1. He _______ (be) in the classroom all morning.A. mustB. canC. mayD. should2. I _______ (go) to the supermarket yesterday, but I didn't have time.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might3. If I _______ (know) the answer, I would have helped you.A. knowB. had knownC. knewD. would know4. She _______ (go) to the party last night, but she was feeling sick.A. wasB. had beenC. would have been5. The teacher _______ (ask) the students to be quiet when the bell rang.A. hasB. hadC. wasD. would6. He _______ (not be) a good student if he didn't study hard.A. can'tB. couldn'tC. may notD. might not7. She _______ (go) to the party, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. was goingB. had been goingC. would goD. would have gone8. The sun _______ (rise) at 6 o'clock in the morning.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. may9. He _______ (finish) his homework by the time you get back.A. mustC. wouldD. could10. If I _______ (have) more time, I would travel around the world.A. haveB. hadC. would haveD. had had11. She _______ (not be) able to attend the meeting because she is sick.A. can'tB. couldn'tC. may notD. might not12. The teacher _______ (be) strict with us, but she is very kind.A. shouldB. hadC. wasD. would13. He _______ (not go) to the party last night, but he changed his mind.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might14. She _______ (go) to the party, but she was feeling sick.A. wasB. had beenC. would have beenD. would be15. The sun _______ (rise) at 6 o'clock in the morning.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. may三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）Dear friends,Summer is here, and it's time to plan our summer vacation. Whether you prefer a relaxing beach getaway or an adventurous mountain trip, there are plenty of options to choose from. In this article, we will explore some of the best summer vacation destinations around the world.1. The Maldives: If you're looking for a paradise on earth, the Maldives is the perfect destination. With its crystal-clear waters, white sandy beaches, and luxurious resorts, it's a dream vacation for many.2. Bali, Indonesia: Bali offers a unique blend of beautiful beaches, lush rice terraces, and vibrant culture. You can enjoy water sports, hiking, and explore traditional Balinese temples.3. Greece: Greece is famous for its stunning islands, historic ruins, and delicious cuisine. Visit the Acropolis in Athens, explore the ancient ruins of Delphi, or relax on the beaches of Santorini.4. Switzerland: For those who love the mountains, Switzerland is a paradise. Enjoy breathtaking views, charming villages, and outdoor activities like hiking and skiing.5. Japan: Japan offers a mix of modern and traditional experiences.Visit Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka to explore ancient temples, futuristic cities, and delicious food.6. The Caribbean: The Caribbean is a perfect destination for a beach vacation. Choose from destinations like the Bahamas, Jamaica, or the Dominican Republic to enjoy sun, sand, and sea.7. Iceland: For a unique and adventurous experience, visit Iceland. Explore geysers, waterfalls, and glaciers while enjoying the breathtaking natural beauty of this island nation.8. Australia: Australia is a great destination for a family vacation. Visit Sydney, the Great Barrier Reef, and the Outback to experience diverse wildlife, stunning landscapes, and thrilling activities.9. Peru: Peru is a hidden gem for those who love history and culture. Visit Machu Picchu, the Amazon rainforest, and the colonial city of Cusco to experience the rich heritage of this South American country.10. South Africa: For a safari adventure, South Africa is the place to be. Visit Kruger National Park and see the big five: lions, leopards, elephants, buffaloes, and rhinos.As you plan your summer vacation, consider these destinations to create unforgettable memories. Safe travels!四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）AIn the world of fashion, trends come and go, but some styles remain timeless. One such style is the classic trench coat. Originally designed for British soldiers during World War I, the trench coat has become a symbol of style and sophistication.The trench coat is a long, waterproof coat with a belted waist and a deep, wide collar. It is typically made of heavy-duty fabric, such as cotton or wool, and features a toggle-fastened hood. The iconic trench coat was popularized by movie stars and celebrities in the 1940s and 1950s, and it has remained a staple in the fashion industry ever since.One of the reasons why the trench coat is so popular is its versatility. It can be dressed up or down, making it suitable for a variety of occasions. For a more formal look, pair it with a tailored suit or a smart dress. For a casual look, wear it with jeans and a simple top.Another reason for the trench coat's enduring popularity is its functionality. The coat is designed to be practical and durable, with features that make it ideal for outdoor wear. The deep pockets are perfect for storing essentials, and the adjustable belt ensures a comfortable fit.In recent years, designers have introduced new twists on the classic trench coat, incorporating modern materials and innovative designs. Some have added a bit of flair with colorful hoods or unique patterns, while others have kept the traditional look but made it more sustainable by using eco-friendly materials.Whether you're a fashion icon or just someone who appreciates a timeless piece, the trench coat is a must-have in your wardrobe. Its versatility, functionality, and classic style make it a fashion staple that will never go out of style.BWhen it comes to online shopping, there are a few tips that can help you have a positive experience. Here are some key tips to keep in mind:1. Research the retailer: Before making a purchase, research theretailer to ensure they are reputable and have a good track record. Look for customer reviews and ratings, and check if they have a secure website.2. Compare prices: Don't just buy the first item you see. Compare prices from different retailers to find the best deal. Keep in mind that sometimes the cheapest option may not be the best quality.3. Check the return policy: Before making a purchase, read the return policy carefully. Make sure you understand the conditions under which you can return or exchange the item.4. Use secure payment methods: When making a payment online, use secure payment methods such as credit cards or PayPal. Avoid sharing sensitive information like your bank account details.5. Check the product description: Read the product description thoroughly to ensure it meets your expectations. Pay attention todetails like size, color, and features.6. Check for discounts and coupons: Look for discounts, coupons, or promo codes to save money on your purchase. Websites like Honey or Rakuten can help you find the best deals.7. Keep track of your order: After placing an order, keep track of its progress. Most retailers will send you updates via email or SMS. If you don't receive an update, contact the retailer to ensure your order is being processed.8. Be cautious of phishing scams: Be wary of emails or messages asking for your personal information. These could be phishing scams designed to steal your identity or credit card information.By following these tips, you can enjoy a safe and satisfying online shopping experience. Happy shopping!CTraveling is a great way to broaden your horizons and create lasting memories. However, planning a trip can be overwhelming, especially if you're not sure where to start. Here are some tips to help you plan a successful trip:1. Determine your budget: Before you start planning, determine how much you can afford to spend on your trip. This will help you prioritize and make informed decisions about where to go and what to do.2. Choose your destination: Research different destinations to find one that suits your interests and budget. Consider factors such as climate, culture, and attractions.3. Book your flights and accommodation: Once you've chosen your destination, book your flights and accommodation as early as possible to secure the best deals. Be flexible with your travel dates and consider off-peak seasons for lower prices.4. Create an itinerary: Plan your trip by creating an itinerary that includes must-see attractions, local restaurants, and activities. Make sure to leave some free time for spontaneous adventures.5. Pack wisely: Pack essential items like clothing, toiletries, and travel documents. Check the weather forecast for your destination and pack accordingly. Don't forget to bring a travel insurance policy to cover any unforeseen events.6. Learn the local language: Even if you don't speak the local language fluently, learning a few basic phrases can be incredibly helpful. Itwill make your interactions with locals more pleasant and can help you avoid misunderstandings.7. Stay connected: Keep in touch with friends and family while you're away by using social media, email, or messaging apps. This will help you feel less isolated and keep you updated on what's happening back home.8. Be prepared for emergencies: Before you leave, make sure you have a plan in case of an emergency. This includes knowing the location of the nearest embassy or consulate, having a copy of your travel documents, and informing someone back home of your travel plans.By following these tips, you can have a memorable and stress-free trip. Happy travels!五、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）Dear friends,I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to share some news about our upcoming school trip. We will be visiting the Great Wall of China next month. It will be an exciting opportunity for us to learn about Chinese history and culture.The trip is scheduled for next Saturday, May 20th. We will leave at 6:00 a.m. and return by 8:00 p.m. We will be traveling by bus to the Great Wall. The cost of the trip is $50, which includes transportation, entrance tickets, and a guided tour.All students who wish to participate should sign up with the school office by next Friday, May 12th. The deadline is firm, so please make sure to sign up on time. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact me.I am looking forward to our trip and hope everyone will have a great time. If you have any suggestions for activities or places we should visit, please let me know.Best regards,[Your Name]六、书面表达（满分25。

山东省济南市平阴县2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编：书面表达(含答案)

山东省济南市平阴县2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编书面表达2023年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题第二部分写作(25分)勇于负责是一种可贵的品质，每个人都应该对自己负责，同时，也需要对别人负责。

某英文网站正在开展以“责任担当”为主题的征文活动。

假如你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈在生活中你曾做过的一件有担当、负责任的事，以及你的感受。

提示词语: take part in, difficult, keep trying, proud提示问题: What did you do to be responsible? What do you think of it?Taking responsibility is a valuable quality.2022年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题八、话题作文76．今春，疫情的反弹再一次扰乱了人们的生活，但是各地行动迅速，倾尽全力与疫情战斗。

而在抗疫第一线，也活跃着一些大学生志愿者，他们不怕苦不怕累，用行动与大爱诠释着新时代青年的责任与担当。

你身边是否也有这样的志愿者？你如何看待他们的选择？你又是如何理解志愿精神的？要点:1.描述你身边的抗疫志愿者；2.表达你对他们选择志愿服务的观点；3.说明你对志愿精神的理解。

参考词汇：the COVID-19 pandemic新冠疫情；the front line前线；the volunteer spirit志愿精神写作要求：1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；3. 80-100词。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________2021年山东省济南市平阴县中考二模英语试题十二、看图作文96．有些父母在该陪伴孩子的时候，却选择沉迷于网络世界，不和孩子去交流，这其实是一种“冷暴力”。

2020届济南平阴县第四中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案

2020届济南平阴县第四中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Cities to Visit in WinterCold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But here are four cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination:Prague,Czech RepublicWith its snow-capped spires and winding streets,Pragueis a fairytale city that remains ly tourist-free in winter.The amazing architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow, with one of the most beautiful areas being the old town, with its Romanesque vaults. Gas street lamps have been placed throughout the city center, adding a romantic color1 to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold.Salzburg,AustriaWith its Christmas songs and traditional markets, this is a perfect city for a winter break. “Silent Night” was performed for the first time in thechurchofOberndorfon the border ofSalzburgon Christmas Eve in 1818.The city's main market is held in the shadow ofSalzburg'sHohensalzburgCastle, but the one held inMirabell Squareis especially popular with food lovers who come to taste local food such as halusky—pieces of dumpling mixed with fried bacon.Tromso,NorwayTromso is widely regarded asNorway's most beautiful city and is a base for spoiling the northern lights. There are several attractive museums, including thePolarMuseum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and theTromsoMuseum, which is famous for its Sami exhibitions.Amsterdam,NetherlandsIn winter,Amsterdam' s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carre Theater is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances.1. What can you do inPrague?A. Enjoy the fascinating architecture.B. Taste local food halusky.C. Appreciate Sami exhibitions.D. Watch a circus performance.2. Where was “Silent Night” first performed?A. In thechurchofOberndorf.B. InHohensalzburgCastle.C. InMirabell Square.D. In the Polar Museum.3. Which city will you choose if you want to see the northern lights?A. Prague.B. Salzburg.C. Tromso.D.Amsterdam.BAs one of the world’smost popular cultural mediums, cinema is at the leading position at the Taihu World Cultural Forum(论坛), an annual event that aims to improve cultural exchanges. So far this year, Chinese box office has already topped 58 billion yuan, the China Film Administration said. This indicates that China, the world’s second-largest movie market, is closing the gap with the United States, the world’s top cinema market.Cao Yin, director of the program center at China Movie Channel, said that China has 67,000 cinema screens. the most of any country, and the number is expected to increase to 80,000 by the end of next year. Saying that China has signed coproduction agreements with 22 countries (including the United States, Canada, Japan. India etc.) ,Cao added it has deepened cinematic exchanges between Chinese filmmakers and their foreign counterparts (同行).With the country’s huge native market, which produced more than 1,000 films in 2019, Hong Kong director Stanley Tong said he believes foreign filmmakers will increasingly seek cooperation with China. “International coproduction will become an important platform to send Chinese stories oversea and give us a broader vision of creation,” Tong said.Recently, over 80 percent of the world’s top 100 highest box-office titles have been action films. Tong said the films, in which plots are basically secondary to shining stunts (特技), is one of the easiest ways to appeal to foreign audiences. But it has been a decades-long struggle for Chinese filmmakers to sell their stories overseas. When asked what kinds of Chinese films would have the most global appeal. Yan Zhaozhu, chairman of the Taihu World Cultural Forum, said stories that address universal issues, such as environmental protection and climate change, are perhaps the best options.4. What is the purpose of the Taihu World Cultural Forum?A. To strengthen cultural exchanges.B. To build more cinemas in China.C. To invite more tourists to Taihu.D. To attract more international investment.5. What can we infer about Cao Yin’s opinion in Paragraph 2?A. Chinese box office has already overtaken the United States so farB. The screens of Chinese cinemas will be world-leading in the futureC. China has signed the most coproduction agreements with other countriesD. There will be more and more cooperations between Chinese filmmakers and other countries.6. How do Chinese filmmakers feel about selling their movies to the world right now?A. Easy.B. Disappointed.C. Challenged.D. Confused.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Box Office: Unclear FutureB. China: Top Second Movie MarketC. Cinema: The Leading Cultural PositionD. Chinese Filmmakers: Severe Competition SituationCThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally, college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.8. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.9. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.10. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeDPeople from Britain and Ireland first came to live in Australia in 1788. They brought different dialects (方言) of English with them. These different kinds of English began to mix and change. The newcomers soon began to speak with their own typical accent (口音) and vocabulary. More and more people came to Australia during the Gold Rush in the 19th and 20th centuries. Some came from Britain and Ireland; others came from non-English speaking countries. Australian English continued to grow and change.Australian English has also been influenced by American English. During the Second World War, there were many American soldiers staying in Australia. More importantly, American television shows and music have been popular in Australia since the 1950s.Australians use many words that other English speakers do not use. The famous Australian greeting, for example, is G’day! A native forest is called the bush and central Australia is called the outback. Many words were brought to Australia from Britain and Ireland. For example, mate means “friend”, and it is still used in Britain. Some of these words have changed in meaning. Some words have come from Australian original languages, many of which are names for animals, plants and places, like dingo and kangaroo.Australian spelling comes from British spelling. In words like organise and realise, -ise is the expected and taught spelling method. In words like colour, favourite, -ouris the normal, but nouns such as the Labor Party and Victor Harbor are spelled with -or. Program, on the other hand, is more common than programme.There are also differences in the definition (定义) of words Australians use in different parts of the country. For example, football means “rugby” in New South Wales and Queensland, but “Australian rules football" in everywhere else in Australia. In New South Wales, a swimming costume is called a cossie or swimmers, while in Queensland it is called togs and bathers in Victoria.12. What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?A. Reasons why English is important.B. Different dialects of Australian English.C. Various aspects that Australian English has been influenced.D. Changes of the accent and vocabulary in English.13. According to the text, which of the following is spoken only by Australians?A. Mate.B. Outback.C. Program.D. Rugby.14. Which is the following can best describe Australian English?A. Confusing and interesting.B. Multicultural and creative.C. Crazy and boring.D. Unchangeable and mixed.15. What might be the best title for the text?A. The History of AustraliaB. The Birth of Australian EnglishC. The Development of Australian EnglishD Different Kinds of English Across the World第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年济南平阴县第一中学高三生物二模试卷及答案

2020-2021学年济南平阴县第一中学高三生物二模试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 害虫甲有天敌乙和丙，同时丙是乙的天敌。

乙的成虫可攻击甲，且能将卵产入甲体内，乙的卵在甲体内发育成幼虫后，该类甲个体会疯狂地摇摆，从而易被丙发现而被捕食。

下列分析错误的是（）A. 乙和丙的种间关系是捕食和竞争B. 丙捕食疯狂摇摆的甲，这对甲种群的生存是有利的C. 甲个体疯狂摇摆传递的信息可调节生物的种间关系，有利于维持生态系统的稳定D. 碳以CO2形式进入甲体内，以含碳有机物的形式进入乙和丙体内2. 下图是细胞膜的模式图，下列有关说法正确的是（）A. 细胞膜的基本支架是②B. 不同细胞膜中②的种类不同C. 具有②的一侧为细胞膜内侧D. ②的种类和数量决定了细胞膜功能的复杂程度3. 在生长素的发现过程中，很多科学家进行了实验探究。

下列对相关实验的描述错误的是（）A.达尔文的实验证明了有某种化学物质从胚芽鞘尖端传递到了尖端下面的一段B.鲍森·詹森的实验证明了尖端产生的影响能够透过琼脂片往下传递C.拜尔的实验证明了胚芽鞘弯曲生长是尖端产生的影响在其下部分布不均匀造成的D.温特实验证明了引起胚芽鞘弯曲的确实是一种化学物质4. 下列对“细胞学说”理解合理的是②揭示了动植物体结构的统一性②一切生物都是由细胞和细胞产物构成的②提出了细胞膜结构的流动镶嵌模型②细胞是一个相对独立的有机体A.②②B.②②C.②②D.②②5. 下列相关实验的叙述中，正确的是A.用淀粉酶、糖和淀粉为材料证明“酶的专一性”时;可以用斐林试剂对反应产物进行检测B.洋葱鮮片叶的外表皮，既可以用于观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布，也可以用于观察植物细胞的质壁分离和复原现象C.在观察洋葱根尖细胞的有丝分裂的实验中，盐酸的作用是增大细胞膜对染色剂的通透性并使DNA与蛋白质分开D.向一个密闭玻璃容器中的绿色植物提供C18O2和H218O，用以探究氧气中氧元素的来源6. 下图表示机体特异性免疫的部分过程。

2019-2020学年济南平阴县第一中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年济南平阴县第一中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOne day when I was 5, my mother blamed me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice. When angrily opening the screen door (纱门) with my foot, I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no regret, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have blamed my child, and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have delivered a spanking (打屁股) for it. However, my parents never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, in the defense against unwanted insects.For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would constantly make me think about my mistake. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it. For years, every time I saw a fly buzzing (嗡嗡) in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. Iwould wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home, making life more terrible for us all. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhapscould not deliver. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.1. When the author damaged the door, his parents _______.A. gave him a spankingB. left the door unrepairedC. told him how expensive it wasD. blamed him for what he had done2. The experience may cause the author _______.A. not to go against his parents’ willB. to have a better control of himselfC. not to make mistakes in the futureD. to hide his anger away from others3. What is the main idea of this text?A. Parents is the best way to solve problems.B. Parents are the best teachers of their children.C. Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.D. Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.BFrom skateboarding to Fleetwood Mac, TikTok users got creative in a pandemic (流行病) year with new songs, dances and shows in 60 seconds or less.The social mediavideo app on Wednesday shared its list of top 100 videos, creators and trends in America during 2020. “These videos brought joy and inspiration to millions of Americans in the rough year,” said Kudzi Chikumbu, director of creator community at TikTok.The platform has been widely associated with Generation Z (people born after 1996), millennials (people born in the 1980s or 1990s) and influencers who have started careers based on the shared videos.The Weeknd'sBlinding Lightsand Jason Derulo's Savage Loveinspired TikTok dance challenges that made them among the top songs used on the app.For some TikTok creators, the pandemic itself became inspiration to create a connection with other users. Comedian Caitlin Reilly used the app during quarantine (隔离) to make fun of those annoying coworkers for one of the top liked videos. And singer Curtis Roach made an song for the endless days at home with his song Bored in the House.The second most popular video was an Idaho man named Nathan Apodaca who shot to fame after coolly singing Dreams by Fleetwood Mac, while skateboarding on a highway.But the most liked TikTok video was awarded to Bella Poarch with 45 million followers, who created a simple but interesting video with a few seconds of well-timed head nods and eye rolls.While the app might be designed for youth, Chikumbu said that the growth of TikTok this year has pushed it more into mainstream culture. “You're seeing everyone from the teenager to the college students with their parents and then their grandparents all making videos,” said Chikumbu. “And now TikTok trulytranscendsgenerations, particularly in this year when people had a lot of time to dig in and not only watch, but try.”4. What do we know about The Weeknd?A. He created the famous song Dreams.B. He started a career based on shared videos.C. He is probably a popular singer on TikTok.D. He organized the TikTok dance challenges.5. What did Curtis Roach think of his life during quarantine?A. Meaningful.B. Peaceful.C. Content.D. Uninteresting.6. The most popular TikTok video in 2020 was created by ______.A. Caitlin ReillyB. Curtis RoachC. Nathan ApodacaD. Bella Poarch7. What does the underlined word “transcends” in the last paragraph mean?A. Makes use of.B. Goes beyond.C. Calls on.D. Takes charge of.CAn anti-obesity program for Australian girls didn’t lead to any improvements in their diet, physical activities or body weight a year later, according to a new report.Findings from the school-based intervention (介入), which involved exercise sessions and nutrition workshops for lower-income girls, are the latest disappointment in a lot of research attempting tohead offadult obesity and the disease risks that come with it.Especially during the middle-and high-school years, girls’ physical activity reduces obviously, according to lead researcher David Lubans, from theUniversityofNewcastleinNew South Wales,Australia. He said, “In the future we need to make the programs more interesting and exciting and present information in a way that is meaningful to adolescent girl.”Lubans and his workmates conducted their study in 12 schools in low-income areas ofNew South Wales. At the start of the study, girls in both groups weighed an average of close to 130pounds, with about four in ten considered overweight. Over the next year, adolescents in the intervention group were given pedometers (计步器) to encourage walking and running and invited to nutrition workshops and regular exercise sessions during the schoolday and at lunchtime. Participation in some of those activities were less than ideal. For example, the girls went to only one-quarter of lunchtime exercise sessions, and less than one in ten completed at-home physical activity or nutrition challenges, the researchers reported. At the end of the year, girls in both groups had gained a similar amount of weight and there was no difference in their average body fat.Preventive medicine researcher Robert Klesges said that although some anti-obesity programs have helped adults lose weight, the teen population has always been a source of failure for researchers. “The common belief is: nothing works,” he said. “And we have got to get beyond that.”“We need to think outside the box,” said Klesges, who wasn’t involved in the new study. “That could include learning from what has worked in adult studies, such as giving meal replacement drinks or prepared foods to teens who have trouble making changes to their diet. Or, it could mean using a “step-care” method — rather than researchers or their doctor telling them to keep doing the same thing.” Klesges said.8. The underlined words “head off” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”.A. damageB. defendC. preventD. affect9. The methods used in the program to stop obesity don’t include ________.A. walking and runningB. inviting them to nutrition workshopsC. joining exercise sessions regularlyD. giving meal replacement drinks10. The main reason for the failure of the anti-obesity program is probably that ________.A. the participants didn’t take an active part in itB. the program was not interesting and exciting to participantsC. the participants didn’t get extra nutrition or exercise helpD. the program didn’t pay attention to healthy exercise11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. As researchers, it is important to have creative research methods.B. Researchers need to give meals or prepare foods to participants.C. Teen girls have no difficulty in making changes to their diet.D. Some ant-obesity programs have not helped adults lose weight.DThursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.12. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.13. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?A. Making a comparison.B. Serving as a connecting link.C. Analyzing the cause and effect.D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.14. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. What makes theArcticattractive?B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023学年济南市平阴县中考化学二模(5月份)

2023学业水平考试阶段性调研检测(2023.5)化学试题本试题共6页。

选择题部分40分，非选择题部分60分，满分100分。

考试用时60分钟。

答题前，请考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号写在答题卡的规定位置，并同时将考点、姓名、座号、准考证号写在试题的规定位置。

答题时，选择题部分每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

非选择题部分，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题号所提示的答题区域作答。

直接在试题上作答无效。

本考试不允许使用计算器。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 N 14 Si 28 Cl 35.5 Ba137Ca 40 Fe 56 Cu 64 Zn 65 Na 23 Mg 24 S 32选择题部分共40分一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。

每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合题目的要求）1．自2019年新冠病毒的出现，全国人民采取各种措施进行防控。

下列相关过程中，没有．．涉及化学变化的是A. 制备病毒疫苗B. 切割口罩布料C. 服用药物消炎D. 医疗消毒防疫2．我国十四五规划和2035年远景目标纲要明确提出，推动绿色发展，促进人与自然和谐共生。

下列做法中，不符合．．．这一理念的是A．植树造林，增加绿化面积B．垃圾分类，利于资源回收C．燃放烟花，增加节日气氛D．布袋购物，减少白色污染3．关于“舌尖上的化学”，下列说法不科学．．．的是A. 为了使西瓜更甜，大量使用增甜剂B. 不能用工业盐亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)代替食盐烹调C. 为延长食品保质期，可在食品包装袋内充入氮气D. 为了身体健康，必须均衡膳食4．化学实验技能是学习化学和实验探究的基础和保证。

下列有关实验操作的说法或做法中，不合理．．．的是A．稀释浓硫酸时，将浓硫酸注入盛水的烧杯中B．在加热或点燃氢气实验前，应先检验氢气的纯度C．实验室制取气体时，先检查装置的气密性，再装入药品D．将pH试纸直接投入试剂瓶中的溶液里测量其酸碱度甲乙5．下图是甲、乙两种粒子的结构示意图。

2020年山东省济南市平阴县中考数学二模试题(解析版)

2020年山东省济南市平阴县中考数学二模试卷一．选择题（共12小题）1.16的算术平方根是( )A. 4B. 4-C. 4±D. 8 【答案】A【解析】【分析】如果一个非负数x 的平方等于a ，那么x 是a 的算术平方根，直接利用此定义即可解决问题．【详解】解：4的平方是16，16∴的算术平方根是4．故选：A ．【点睛】此题主要考查了算术平方根的定义，此题要注意平方根、算术平方根的联系和区别．2. 下图空心圆柱体的主视图的画法正确的是【】．A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】找到从正面看所得到的图形即可，注意所有的看到的棱都应表现在主视图中：从正面观察物体可以发现：它的主视图应为矩形，又因为该几何体为空心圆柱体，故中间的两条棱在主视图中应为虚线．故选C ．3.据统计，2020年平阴玫瑰节期间到平阴县旅游的游客约为25000人，数据25000用科学计数法可表示为( )A. 50.2510⨯B. 52.510⨯C. 42.510⨯D. 32510⨯【答案】C【解析】【分析】根据科学记数法的表示形式10(1na a ⨯≤﹤10，n 为整数），确定n 值即可解答.【详解】425000 2.510=⨯，故选：C . 【点睛】本题考查了科学计数法-表示较大的数，确定n 值是解答的关键.4.如图，把等腰直角三角板的直角顶点放在刻度尺的一边上，若∠1＝60°，则∠2的度数为( )A. 30°B. 40°C. 50°D. 60°【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题先根据平行线的性质得到同位角相等，然后可求得∠2的度数.【详解】如图：∵直尺的两边互相平行，∴∠3＝∠1=60º（两直线平行，同位角相等），∴∠2=90º－∠3＝90º－60º＝30º.故选A.【点睛】本题是有关三角板的题型，做这类题型要求掌握各种三角板与直尺的特点：直尺对应边互相平行；三角板有等腰直角三角板和30°角的三角板.5.下列运算正确的是（）A. a 4＋a 2=a 6B. 4a 2-2a 2=2a 2C. (a 4)2=a 6D. a 4•a 2=a 8【答案】B【解析】【分析】根据幂的乘方和同底数幂乘法法则进行分析即可.【详解】A.a 4＋a 2=a 6，不是同类项，不能合并；B.4a 2-2a 2=2a 2，正确；C.(a 4)2=a 8；故错误；D .a 4•a 2=a 6；故错误；故选：B【点睛】考核知识点：幂的乘方和同底数幂乘法.理解幂的乘方和同底数幂乘法法则是关键.6.下列图形中，既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形的是( ) A.B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】【分析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解．【详解】解：A 、不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；B 、是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；C 、是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，故此选项正确；D 、不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，故此选项错误．故选：C ．【点睛】本题考查了中心对称图形与轴对称图形概念：轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形两部分沿对称轴折叠后可重合；中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后与原图重合．7.计算222(1)x x x-÷-的结果为（） A. 1x B. -1x C. x D. -2x x- 【答案】A【解析】【分析】原式括号中两项通分并利用同分母分式的减法法则计算，再把除法转化为乘法，约分化为最简．【详解】原式222,x x x x x -⎛⎫=÷- ⎪⎝⎭222,x x x x--=÷ 22,2x x x x -=⋅- 1.x = 故选A.【点睛】考查分式的混合运算，掌握运算顺序是解题的关键.8. 某市6月份某周内每天的最高气温数据如下（单位：℃）：24 26 29 26 29 3229,则这组数据的众数和中位数分别是（）A. 29，29．B. 26，26．C. 26，29．D. 29，32．【答案】A【解析】试题分析：根据众数是出现次数最多的数，29出现次数最多，可知众数是29；中位数是把一组数从小到大排列，中间的一个（共有奇数个）或中间两个的平均数（偶数个时），因此这组数据的中位数是29．故选A考点：众数和中位数9.如图，一次函数y=k 1x+b 的图象与反比例函数y=2k x 的图象相交于A （2，3），B （6，1）两点，当k 1x+b ＜2k x时，x 的取值范围为（）A. x ＜2B. 2＜x ＜6C. x ＞6D. 0＜x ＜2或x ＞6【答案】D【解析】分析：根据图象直线在反比例函数图象的下方部分的对应的自变量的值即为所求．详解：由图象可知，当k 1x+b ＜2k x 时，x 的取值范围为0＜x ＜2或x ＞6．故选D ．点睛：此题考查了反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题以及待定系数法求解析式．此题难度适中，注意掌握数形结合思想与方程思想的应用．10.如图，在边长为2的正方形ABCD 中，以点D 为圆心，AD 为半径画AC ，再以BC 为直径画半圆，若阴影部分①的面积为S 1，阴影部分②的面积为S 2，则图中S 2﹣S 1的值为（）A. 32π﹣4B. 32π +4C. 34π﹣2D. 34π +2 【答案】A【解析】【分析】根据图形得到S 2﹣S 1＝扇形ADC 的面积+半圆BC 的面积﹣正方形ABCD 的面积，根据扇形面积公式计算即可．【详解】解：由图形可知，扇形ADC 的面积+半圆BC 的面积+阴影部分①的面积﹣正方形ABCD 的面积＝阴影部分②的面积，∴S 2﹣S 1＝扇形ADC 的面积+半圆BC 的面积﹣正方形ABCD 的面积2229021123602ππ⨯=+⨯- 342π=-，故选A ．【点睛】本题考查的是扇形面积计算，掌握扇形面积公式：2n r S 360π=是解题的关键．11.如图，港口A在观测站O的正东方向，OA=6km，某船从港口A出发，沿北偏东15°方向航行一段距离后到达B处，此时从观测站O处测得该船位于北偏东60°的方向，则该船航行的距离（即AB的长）为（）A. 32kmB. 33kmC. 4kmD. （33-3）km【答案】A【解析】如图，如图，过点A作AD⊥OB于D．在Rt△AOD中，∠ADO=90°，∠AOD=30°，OA=6 km，根据在直角三角形中30°的锐角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半可得AD=3 km．在Rt△ABD中，∠ADB=90°，∠B=∠CAB-∠AOB=75°-30°=45°，根据等腰直角三角形的性质可得BD=AD=3 km，由勾股定理可得AB=32km，即该船航行的距离（即AB的长）为32km．故选A．点睛：本题考查了解直角三角形的应用-方向角问题，难度适中，正确作出辅助线构造出直角三角形是解觉本题的关键．12.小轩从如图所示的二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象中，观察得出了下面五条信息：①ab＞0；②a+b+c＜0；③b+2c＞0；④a﹣2b+4c＞0；⑤3a b2 ．你认为其中正确信息的个数有A. 2个B. 3个C. 4个D. 5个【答案】D【解析】试题分析：①如图，∵抛物线开口方向向下，∴a ＜0．∵对称轴x b 12a 3=-=-，∴2b a 3=-＜0．∴ab ＞0．故①正确． ②如图，当x=1时，y ＜0，即a+b+c ＜0．故②正确．③如图，当x=﹣1时，y=a ﹣b+c ＞0，∴2a ﹣2b+2c ＞0，即3b ﹣2b+2c ＞0．∴b+2c ＞0．故③正确． ④如图，当x=﹣1时，y ＞0，即a ﹣b+c ＞0，∵抛物线与y 轴交于正半轴，∴c ＞0．∵b ＜0，∴c ﹣b ＞0．∴（a ﹣b+c ）+（c ﹣b ）+2c ＞0，即a ﹣2b+4c ＞0．故④正确．⑤如图，对称轴b 12a 3=-=-，则3a b 2=．故⑤正确．综上所述，正确的结论是①②③④⑤，共5个．故选D ．二．填空题（共6小题）13.因式分解：24a -= ．【答案】()()2a 2a +-【解析】试题分析：因为2224a 2a -=-，所以直接应用平方差公式即可：()()2224a 2a 2a 2a -=-=+-． 14.质地均匀的正方体骰子，其六个面上分别刻有1，2，3，4，5，6六个数字，投掷这个骰子一次，则向上一面的数字是偶数的概率为【答案】12【解析】【分析】向上一面的数字是偶数的情况数除以总情况数6即为所求的概率．【详解】解：正方体骰子，六个面上分别刻有的1，2，3，4，5，6六个数字中，偶数为2，4，6，则向上一面的数字是偶数的概率为3162=．【点睛】明确概率的意义是解答的关键，用到的知识点为：概率等于所求情况数与总情况数之比． 15.如果n 边形的每一个内角都相等，并且是它外角的3倍，那么n =______【答案】8【解析】【分析】根据多边形内角和公式可知n 边形的内角和为(n-2)·180º，n 边形的外角和为360︒，再根据n 边形的每个内角都等于其外角的3倍列出关于n 的方程，求出n 的值即可.【详解】解：∵n 边形的内角和为(n-2)·180º，外角和为360︒，n 边形的每个内角都等于其外角的3倍， ∴(n-2)·180º =360︒×3，解得：n=8.故答案为8.【点睛】本题考查的是多边形的内角与外角的关系的应用，明确多边形一个内角与外角互补和外角和的特征是解题的关键.16.若13a +与273a -互为相反数，则a=________．【答案】43 【解析】根据题意列出方程13a ++273a -=0，直接解出a 的值，即可解题．解：根据相反数和为0得：13a ++273a -=0，去分母得：a+3+2a ﹣7=0，合并同类项得：3a ﹣4=0，化系数为1得：a ﹣43=0，故答案为43． 17.如图：A 、B 两地相距60km ，甲、乙两人从两地出发相向而行，甲先出发，图中1l ，2l 表示两人离A 地的距离(km)s 与时间(h)t 的关系，则甲出发后______小时，两人恰好相距5km .【答案】1.3或1.5【解析】【分析】分相遇前或相遇后两种情形分别列出方程即可解决问题．【详解】解：由题意可知，乙的函数图象是l2，甲的速度是602=30km/h，乙的速度是603=20km/h．设甲出发x小时两人恰好相距5km．由题意30x+20（x-0.5）+5=60或30x+20（x-0.5）-5=60解得x=1.3或1.5，答：甲出发1.3小时或1.5小时两人恰好相距5km．【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的应用，解题的关键是读懂图象信息，灵活应用速度、路程、时间之间的关系解决问题．18.如图，在矩形ABCD中，AB=3，BC=4，点N为边DC上一动点（不与C、D重合），连接BN，作C关于直线BN的对称点C′连接B C′，C′N，当C′恰好在△ABD的边上时，CN的长为__________．【答案】431647【解析】【分析】分两种情况讨论：点C'在BD上或点C'在AD上，依据勾股定理以及折叠的性质，即可得到CN的长．【详解】如图所示，当点C'在BD上时，设CN=x，则C'N=x，DN=3-x，由折叠可得，∠C=∠BC'N=90°，BC'=BC=4，Rt△BCD中，BD= 22345+=，∴C'D=5-4=1，∴Rt△DC'N中，12+x2=（3-x）2，解得x=43；如图所示，当点C'在AD上时，设CN=x，则C'N=x，DN=3-x，由折叠可得，BC'=BC=4，Rt△ABC'中，AC'=22437-=，∴C'D=47-∴Rt△DC'N中，(472+(3−x)2＝x2，解得1647-；综上所述，CN 的长为43或163-．故答案为：43或163-．【点睛】本题主要考查了折叠问题以及勾股定理的运用，解题时，常常设要求的线段长为x ，然后根据折叠和轴对称的性质用含x 的代数式表示其他线段的长度，选择适当的直角三角形，运用勾股定理列出方程求出答案．三．解答题（共9小题）19.（﹣13）﹣1+|1|﹣4sin45°．4-【解析】【分析】根据绝对值的概念、特殊三角函数值、负整数指数幂、二次根式的化简计算即可得出结论．（﹣13）﹣1+|1|﹣4sin45° ﹣1﹣4×2 ﹣1﹣﹣4．【点睛】此题主要考查了实数的运算，负指数，绝对值，特殊角的三角函数，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．20.解下列不等式组231123123x x x x +≤+⎧⎪+⎨-<-⎪⎩，并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来；【答案】不等式组的解集为6＜x≤8，将不等式组的解集表示在数轴上见解析.【解析】【分析】分别求出各不等式的解集，再求出其公共解集即可．【详解】解不等式2x+3≤x+11，得：x ≤8，解不等式233+x ﹣1＜x ﹣2，得：x ＞6，则不等式组的解集为6＜x≤8，将不等式组的解集表示在数轴上如下：【点睛】本题考查的是解一元一次不等式组，熟知“同大取大；同小取小；大小小大中间找；大大小小找不到”的原则与加减消元法解二元一次方程组是解答此题的关键．21.如图，在□ABCD中，E、F分别是AD、BC上的点，且BF＝DE．求证：AF＝CE．【答案】见解析【解析】【分析】首先由平行四边形的性质得出AD∥BC，AD=BC，然后判定四边形AECF为平行四边形，即可得解.【详解】∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴AD∥BC，AD=BC．∵BF=DE，∴AE∥CF，AE=CF．∴四边形AECF为平行四边形．∴AF=CE．【点睛】此题主要考查平行四边形的判定与性质，熟练掌握，即可解题．22.央视“经典咏流传”开播以来受到社会广泛关注，我市某校就“中华文化我传承——地方戏曲进校园”的喜爱情况进行了随机调查，对收集的信息进行统计，绘制了下面两副尚不完整的统计图，请你根据统计图所提供的信息解答下列问题：图中A表示“很喜欢”，B表示“喜欢”，C表示“一般”，D表示“不喜欢”（1）被调查的总人数是________人，扇形统计图中C部分所对应的扇形圆心角的度数为______；（2）补全条形统计图；（3）若该校共有学生1800人，请根据上述调查结果，估计该校学生中D类有______人；（4）在抽取的A类5人中，刚好有3个女生2个男生，从中随机抽取两个同学担任两角色，用树形图或列表法求出被抽到的两个学生性别相同的概率．【答案】（1）50；216°；（2）见解析；（3）180；（4）2 5【解析】【分析】（1）由A的人数除以所占百分比得出被调查的总人数，由360º乘以C所占比例即可求得C部分所对应的扇形圆心角的度数；（2）求出B部分的人数，补全条形统计图；（3）由该校总人数乘以D类所占比例即可得出答案；（4）由列表法和概率公式即可解答.【详解】（1）5÷10％=50(人)，360º×3050=216º，故答案为：50；216°；（2）如图所示，总人数为50人，所以B的人数=50-5-30-5=10（人），补全条形统计图如图：（3）1800 ×550=180 （人），故答案为：180；（4）设3个女生分别为女1，女2，女3，2个男生分别为男1，男2，所有可能出现的结果如下表：从中随机抽取两个同学担任两角色，所有可能的结果有20种，每种结果的可能性都相同，其中，抽到性别相同的结果有8种，所以P（被抽到的两个学生性别相同）=82 205=.【点睛】本题考查了扇形统计图、条形统计图、列表法与树状图法求概率，从统计图中提取有效信息是解答的关键.23.如图，BC是⊙O的直径，CE是⊙O的弦，过点E作⊙O的切线，交CB的延长线于点G，过点B作BF⊥GE 于点F，交CE的延长线于点A．（1）求证：∠ABG＝2∠C；（2）若GF＝33，GB＝6，求⊙O的半径．【答案】（1）见解析；（2）6【解析】【分析】（1）连接OE，根据切线的性质得到OE⊥EG，推出OE∥AB，得到∠A＝∠OEC，根据等腰三角形的性质得到∠OEC＝∠C，求得∠A＝∠C，根据三角形的外角的性质即可得到结论；（2）根据勾股定理得到BF22BG GF-3，根据相似三角形的性质即可得到结论．【详解】证明：（1）如下图：连接OE，∵EG 是⊙O 的切线，∴OE ⊥EG ，∵BF ⊥GE ，∴OE ∥AB ，∴∠A ＝∠OEC ，∵OE ＝OC ，∴∠OEC ＝∠C ，∴∠A ＝∠C ，∵∠ABG ＝∠A +∠C ，∴∠ABG ＝2∠C ；解：（2）∵BF ⊥GE ，∴∠BFG ＝90°，∵GF ＝3GB ＝6，∴BF 22BG GF -3，∵BF ∥OE ，∴△BGF ∽△OGE ， ∴=BF BG OE OG， ∴36=6OE OE +， ∴OE ＝6，∴⊙O 的半径为6．【点睛】本题考查圆的切线及相似三角形的应用，熟练掌握切线的性质及相似三角形的判定及性质是解题的关键.24.龙人文教用品商店欲购进A 、B 两种笔记本，用160元购进的A 种笔记本与用240元购进的B 种笔记本数量相同，每本B 种笔记本的进价比每本A 种笔记本的进价贵10元．(1)求A 、B 两种笔记本每本的进价分别为多少元？(2)若该商店准备购进A 、B 两种笔记本共100本，且购买这两种笔记本的总价不超过2650元，则至少购进A 种笔记本多少本?【答案】（1）A 、B 两种笔记本每本的进价分别为 20 元、30 元；（2）至少购进 A 种笔记本 35 本【解析】【分析】（1）设A 种笔记本每本的进价为x 元，则每本B 种笔记本的进价为（x +10）元，根据用160元购进的A 种笔记本与用240元购进的B 种笔记本数量相同即可列出方程，解方程即可求出结果；（2）设购进A 种笔记本a 本，根据购进的A 种笔记本的价钱+购进的B 种笔记本的价钱≤2650即可列出关于a 的不等式，解不等式即可求出结果．【详解】（1）解：设A 种笔记本每本的进价为x 元，根据题意，得：16024010x x =+，解得：=20x ．经检验：=20x 是原分式方程的解，+10=20+10=30x ．答：A 、B 两种笔记本每本的进价分别为20 元、30元．（2）解：设购进A 种笔记本a 本，根据题意，得：()20+301002650a a -≤，解得：35a ≥． ∴至少购进A 种笔记本35本．【点睛】本题考查的是分式方程的应用和一元一次不等式的应用，属于常考题型，正确理解题意、找准相等关系是解题的关键．25.（2016江苏省镇江市）（2016镇江）如图1，一次函数y =kx ﹣3（k ≠0）的图象与y 轴交于点A ，与反比例函数4y x=（x ＞0）的图象交于点B （4，b ）．（1）b = ；k = ；（2）点C 是线段AB 上的动点（于点A 、B 不重合），过点C 且平行于y 轴的直线l 交这个反比例函数的图象于点D ，求△OCD 面积的最大值；（3）将（2）中面积取得最大值的△OCD 沿射线AB 方向平移一定的距离，得到△O ′C ′D ′，若点O 的对应点O ′落在该反比例函数图象上（如图2），则点D ′的坐标是．【答案】（1）1，1；（2）258；（3）D′（72，143）．【解析】【分析】（1）由点B的横坐标利用反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征即可求出b值，进而得出点B的坐标，再将点B 的坐标代入一次函数解析式中即可求出k值；（2）设C（m，m﹣3）（0＜m＜4），则D（m，4m），根据三角形的面积即可得出S△OCD关于m的函数关系式，通过配方即可得出△OCD面积的最大值；（3）由（1）（2）可知一次函数的解析式以及点C、D的坐标，设点C′（a，a﹣3），根据平移的性质找出点O′、D′的坐标，由点O′在反比例函数图象上即可得出关于a的方程，解方程求出a的值，将其代入点D′的坐标中即可得出结论．【详解】解：（1）把B（4，b）代入4yx=（x＞0）中得：b=44=1，∴B（4，1），把B（4，1）代入y=kx﹣3得：1=4k﹣3，解得：k=1，故答案为1，1；（2）设C（m，m﹣3）（0＜m＜4），则D（m，4m），∴S△OCD=1432m mm⎛⎫-+⎪⎝⎭=213222m m-++=21325228m⎛⎫--+⎪⎝⎭，∵0＜m＜4，12-＜0，∴当m =32时，△OCD 面积取最大值，最大值为258；（3）由（1）知一次函数的解析式为y =x﹣3，由（2）知C （32，﹣32）、D （32，83）．设C ′（a ，a ﹣3），则O ′（a ﹣32，a ﹣32），D ′（a ，a +76）， ∵点O ′在反比例函数4y x=（x ＞0）的图象上， ∴34322a a -=-，解得：a =72或a =﹣12（舍去），经检验a =72是方程34322a a -=-的解， ∴点D ′的坐标是（72，143）．26.已知ABC 中，90BAC ∠=，AB AC =，点D 为直线BC 上的一动点(点D 不与点B 、C 重合)，以AD 为边作ADE ，使90DAE ∠=，AD AE =，连接CE ．发现问题：如图1，当点D 在边BC 上时，()1请写出BD 和CE 之间的位置关系为______，并猜想BC 和CE 、CD 之间的数量关系：______．尝试探究：()2如图2，当点D 在边BC 的延长线上且其他条件不变时，()1中BD 和CE 之间的位置关系、BC 和CE 、CD 之间的数量关系是否成立？若成立，请证明；若不成立，请写出新的数量关系，说明理由；拓展延伸：()3如图3，当点D 在边CB 的延长线上且其他条件不变时，若6BC =，2CE =，求线段ED 的长．【答案】（1）BD CE ⊥；BC CD CE =+；（2）BD CE ⊥成立，数量关系不成立，关系为BC=CE-CD ；（3）217DE =【解析】【分析】()1根据条件AB AC =，BAC 90∠=，AD AE =，DAE 90∠=，判定ABD ≌()ACE SAS ，即可得出BD 和CE 之间的关系，根据全等三角形的性质，即可得到CE CD BC +=； ()2根据已知条件，判定ABD ≌()ACE SAS ，得出BD CE =，再根据BD BC CD =+，即可得到CE BC CD =+； ()3根据条件判定ABD ≌()ACE SAS ，得出BD CE =，在Rt DCE 中，由勾股定理得22222DE DC CE 8268=+=+=，即可解决问题.【详解】()1如图1，BAC DAE 90∠∠==，BAD CAE ∠∠∴=，在ABD 和ACE 中，AB AC BAD CAE AD AE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，ABD ∴≌()ACE SAS ，BD CE ∴=，B ACE 45∠∠==，BCE 454590∠∴=+=，即BD CE ⊥；由①可得，ABD ≌ACE ，BD CE ∴=，BC BD CD CE CD ∴=+=+，故答案为BD CE ⊥，BC CD CE =+；()2BD CE ⊥成立，数量关系不成立，关系为BC CE CD =-．理由：如图2中，由()1同理可得，BAC DAE 90∠∠==，∴BAC CAD DAE CAD ∠∠∠∠+=+ 即BAD CA ∠∠=E ，∴在ABD 和ACE 中，AB AC BAD CAE AD AE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，ABD ∴≌()ACE SAS ，BD CE ∴=，ACE ABC ∠∠=，AB AC =，ABC ACB 45∠∠∴==，BD BC CD ∴=+，即CE BC CD =+，ACE ACB 90∠∠+=， BC CE CD ∴=-；BD CE ⊥；()3如图3中，由()1同理可得，BAC DAE 90∠∠==，BAC BAE DAE BAE ∠∠∠∠∴-=-，即BAD EAC ∠∠=，易证ABD ≌()ACE SAS ，BD CE 2∴==，ACE ABD 135∠∠==， CD BC BD BC CE 8∴=+=+=，∵ACB 45∠=DCE 90∠∴=，在Rt DCE 中，由勾股定理得22222DE DC CE 8268=+=+=，DE 217∴=．【点睛】本题属于三角形综合题，主要考查了全等三角形的判定与性质以及等腰直角三角形的性质的运用，等腰直角三角形是一种特殊的三角形，具有所有三角形的性质，还具备等腰三角形和直角三角形的所有性质.解决问题的关键是掌握：两边及其夹角分别对应相等的两个三角形全等.解题时注意：全等三角形的对应边相等．27.如图，已知抛物线经过点A （﹣1，0），B （4，0），C （0，2）三点，点D 与点C 关于x 轴对称，点P 是x 轴上的一个动点，设点P 的坐标为（m ，0），过点P 做x 轴的垂线l 交抛物线于点Q ，交直线BD 于点M ．（1）求该抛物线所表示的二次函数的表达式；（2）点P 在线段AB 运动过程中，是否存在点Q ，使得△BOD ∽△QBM ？若存在，求出点Q 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．（3）已知点F （0，12），当点P 在x 轴上运动时，试求m 为何值时，以D ，M ，Q ，F 为顶点的四边形是平行四边形？【答案】（1）213222y x x =-++；（2）存在，(3,2)Q ；（3）-1或3或114或114-【解析】【分析】（1）利用待定系数法求解即可；（2）由题意结合图象知△DOB ∽△MBQ ，△MBQ ∽△QPB 即△BOD ∽△QPB ，则有OD BP OB PQ= ，由点的坐标可得214m 132222m m -=-++，解之即可得此时m 值；（3）先利用待定系数法求出直线BD 的解析式，进而得到点Q 、M 的坐标，再由QM ∥DF 且四边形DMQF 是平行四边形知QM=DF ，据此列出关于m 的方程，解之即可.【详解】（1）由抛物线过点A （﹣1，0）、B （4，0）可设解析式为y=a （x+1）（x ﹣4），将点C （0，2）代入，得：﹣4a=2，解得：a=﹣12，则抛物线解析式为y=﹣12（x+1）（x ﹣4）=﹣213222x x ++；（2）存在，理由为：∵∠MBQ=90º∴∠MBP+∠PBQ=90º∵∠MPB=∠BPQ=90º，∴∠MBQ+∠BMP=90º，∴∠PBQ=∠BMP ，∴△MBQ ∽△QPB ，∵△DOB ∽△MBQ ，∴△BOD ∽△QPB ， ∴OD BP OB PQ =，即214m 132222m m -=-++，解得：m 1=3、m 2=4，当m=4时，点P 、Q 、M 均与点B 重合，不能构成三角形，舍去，∴m=3，点Q 的坐标为（3，2）；（3）由题意知点D 坐标为（0，﹣2），设直线BD 解析式为y=kx+b ，将B （4，0）、D （0，﹣2）代入，得：402k b b +=⎧⎨=-⎩，解得：122k b ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩， ∴直线BD 解析式为y=12x ﹣2，∵QM ⊥x 轴，P （m ，0）， ∴Q （m ，213222m m -++）、M （m ，12m ﹣2），则QM=|213222m m -++﹣（12m ﹣2）|=|﹣12m 2+m+4|， ∵F （0，12）、D （0，﹣2），∴DF=52，∵QM ∥DF ，∴当|﹣12m2+m+4|=52时，四边形DMQF是平行四边形，解得：m=﹣1或m=3或114114m m=+=-或即m=﹣1或m=3或114114m m=+=-或时，四边形DMQF是平行四边形；【点睛】本题主要考查了二次函数与几何图形的综合，解答的关键是认真审题找出所有条件，运用待定系数法、数形结合法等解题方能股份确定解题思路；对相关信息进行推理、探究、发现和计算.。

山东省济南市平阴县2020-2021学年九年级下学期第二次模拟考试数学试题(word无答案)

2021年济南市平阴县九年级第二次模拟考试题第I 卷〔选择题共48分〕一、选择题〔本大题共12小题，每题4分，共48分〕1．4的算术平方根是〔〕A ．2B ．－2C ．4D ．±22．数据82600000用科学记数法表示为〔〕A ．0.826×106B ．8.26×107C ．82.6×106D ．8.26×1083．以下计算正确的选项是〔〕A ．b 3 b 3＝2b 3B ．(a ＋2)(a －2)＝a 2－4C ．(ab 2)3＝ab 6D ．(8a －7b )－(4a －5b )＝4a －12b4．以下美丽的图案中，既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的个数是〔〕A ．3个B ．3个C ．2个D ．1个5．如图，两个等直径圆柱构成如下图的T 型管道，那么其俯视图正确的选项是〔〕6．如图，假设∠A+∠ABC=180°，那么以下结论正确的选项是〔〕A ．∠1=∠2B ．∠2=∠3C ．∠1=∠3D ．∠2=∠47．把抛物线y ＝－2x 2＋4x ＋1的图象向左平移2个单位，再向上平移3个单位，所得的抛物线的解析式是〔〕A ．y ＝－2(x －1)2＋6B ．y ＝－2(x －1)2－6C ．y ＝－2(x ＋1)2＋6D ．y ＝－2(x ＋1)2－68．一般轮船在静水中的最大航速为35km/h ．它以最大航速沿江顺流航行120km 所用时间与以最大航速逆流航行90km 所用时间相等．设江水的流速为v km/h ，那么可列方程为〔〕A ．120v ＋35＝90v －35B ．12035－v ＝90v ＋35C ．120v －35＝90v ＋35D ．120v ＋35＝9035－v9．在△ABC 中，点D 是边BC 上的点〔与B 、C 两点不重合〕，过点D 作DE ∥AC ，DF ∥AB ，分别交AB ，AC 于E 、F 两点，以下说法正确的选项是〔〕A ．假设AD ⊥BC ，那么四边形AEDF 是矩形B ．假设AD 垂直平分BC ，那么四边形AEDF 是矩形C ．假设BD ＝CD ，那么四边形AEDF 是菱形D ．假设AD 平分∠BAC ，那么四边形AEDF 是菱形10．如图，直线l 分别交x 轴、y 输于点A 、B ，交双曲线y ＝k x 〔x ＞0〕于点C ．假设AB AC ＝13，且S △AOB ＝38，那么k 的值为〔〕 A ．332 B ．2 3 C ． 3 D ．3211．如图，在边长为4的正方形ABCD 中，E 、F 是AD 边上的两个动点，且AE ＝FD ，连接BE 、CF 、BD ，CF 与BD 交于点G ，连接AG 交BE 于点H ，连接DH ，以下结论: ①△ABG ∽△FDG ；②HD 平分∠EHG ；③AG ⊥BE ；④S △HDG ：S △HBG ＝tan ∠DAG ；⑤线段DH 的最小值是25－2．其中正确的个数是〔〕A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．512．如图是自行车骑行训练场地的一局部，半圆O 的直径AB ＝100，在半圆弧上有一运发动C 从B 点沿半圆周匀速运动到M 〔最高点〕，此时由于自行车故障原地停留了一段时间，修理好继续以一样的速度运动到A 点停顿．设运动时间为t ，点B 到直线OC 的间隔为d ，那么以下图象能大致刻画d 与t 之间的关系是〔〕A B C D第二卷非选择题〔102分〕二、填空题〔本大题共6个小题，每题4分，共24分〕13．分解因式：－2x 2y ＋16xy －32y ＝__________；14．关于x 的分式方程点x x －4＝2＋k x －4无解，那么k 的值为_____________； 15．一组数据2，3，x ，5，7的平均数是4，那么这组数据的众数是__________；16．如图，将半径为2，圆心角为120°的扇形OAB 绕点A 逆时针旋转60°，点O ，B 的对应点分别为O ′，B ′，连接BB ′，那么图中阴影局部的面积__________；17．如图，二次函数y ＝ax 2＋bx ＋c 的对称轴在y 轴的右侧，其图象与x 轴交于点A 〔－1，0〕与点C 〔x 2，0〕，且与y 轴交于点B (O ，－2)，小强得到以下结论：①0＜a ＜2；②－1＜b ＜0；③c ＝－1；④当│a │＝│b │时, x 2＞5－1；以上结论中正确结论的序号为______；18．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，边长为1的正方形OA 1B 1C 1的两边在坐标轴上，以它的对角线OB 1为边作正方形OB 1B 2C 2，再以正方形OB 1B 2C 2的对角线OB 2为边作正方形OB 2B 3C 3，以此类推……那么正方形0B 2021B 2021C 2021的顶点B 2021的坐标是___________．三、解答题〔本大题共9个小题，共78分。

2023年山东省济南市平阴县中考语文二模试卷

2023年山东省济南市平阴县中考语文二模试卷·学生版一、积累运用。

（16分）1．（6分）阅读下文，回答问题。

神奇的书（美国）埃米莉•迪金森没有一艘非凡的战舰能像一册书籍，把我们带到hào hàn的天地也没有一匹神奇的坐骑能像一页诗扉，带我们领略．人世的真谛即令你yīpín rúxǐ也没有任何栅．栏能阻挡你在书的王国áo yóu的步履．多么zhìpǔwúhuá的车骑而它却装载．了人类灵魂全部的美丽（1）文中的加点字读音有误的一项是A．领略．luèB．栅．栏zhàC．步履．lǚD．装载．zài（2）文中拼音处依次所填的词语书写不正确的一项是A．浩瀚B．一贫如洗C．质朴无华D．翱游2．（3分）下列句中加点成语使用不正确的一项是（）A．黄大年在教育科研工作中以身作则．．．．，率先垂范，培养了一批优秀的科研人才。

B．阅读课上，同学们像一只只勤奋的小蜜蜂，呕心沥血．．．．地吮吸着知识的营养。

C．自媒体时代，一些人通过博眼球的标题哗众取宠．．．．，我们要抵制这种现象。

D．目前污染防治攻坚战取得了决定性的胜利，但生态环境保护依然任重道远．．．．。

3．（3分）下列各句没有语病的一项是（）A．我国科学家描绘出大豆最全基因图谱，这项成果能更好地提升分子育种实验。

B．通过参加志愿者活动，让许多同学都感受到了奉献的快乐。

C．大数据显示，近年来10%的交通事故发生的原因是开车看手机造成的。

D．中国高铁走出国门，谁也不会否认这将会为我国经济发展注入新的活力。

4．（4分）班级准备开展“爱国诗文诵读比赛”活动，班长打算用下图作为PPT背景主图。

请你从这幅图的内容和寓意．．．．．角度说说选此图的原因。

【注】：图中圆柱为华表，常作为国家的象征二、阅读。

（36分）5．（9分）阅读下面的文段，完成问题。

从小丘西行百二十步，隔篁竹，闻水声，如鸣珮环，心乐之。