2015年高考英语模拟试题上海卷

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2015年高考英语上海(部分)(已编辑版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)III. Reading ComprehensionSection AIf you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgements often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. erased55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D.positon56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructors57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. IrritatingSection B(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in themovie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms o f life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length featurefilm made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazingplasticine(2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s anbrilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit havestarted a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungryrabbits. However, just before the annual Giant VegetableCompetition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It isattacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path.The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace andGromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find thewere-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who isdesperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual,the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace,and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a hugerange of emotions without saying a word. And both HelenaBonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and RalphFiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film whichis suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace andGromit’shumour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion o f actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the rol e of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporateAmerica have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that t hey felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Sha kespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. S hakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsI. Translation1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

【VIP专享】上海市2015高三英语二模试卷

上海市2015高三英语二模试卷Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition __51_____ may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to __52_____. Then there is television. The vast majority of television ads today consist of brief advertising spots, __53_____ in length from a few seconds to several minutes. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit through three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been ___54____ 360,000 TV ads. Television advertises in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools. Major sporting events are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed ___55____. Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisements. One top-ranking basketball player earned $3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to ___56____ their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are __57_____ on walls, buses, and trucks. They___58____ the inside of taxis and subways --even the doors of public toilets. __59_____ messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevators --and __60____ we are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to___61____ the junk mail.___62____ Insiders’ Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated amount of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have soared to $411.6 billion for 1997 and $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money.What is the __63____ of all of this? One analyst put it this way: “Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell __64____ than products. They sell images, values, goals, __65_____ of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior.”51. A. lonely B. alone C. singly D. individually52. A. commerce B. consumers C. commercials D. contracts53. A. ranging B. varying C. changing D. adjusting54. A. taken to B. spent in C. expected of D. exposed to55. A. flashes B. billboards C. attractions D. messages56. A. improve B. promote C. urge D. update57. A. symbolized B. illustrated C. demonstrated D. displayed58. A. modify B. decorate C. polish D. fix59. A. Audio B. Studio C. Oral D. Video60. A. since B. while C. unless D. if61. A. throw away B. lay down C. blow out D. break down62. A. Except for B. Apart from C. According to D. Including in63. A. effect B. affect C. result D. purpose64. A. less B. same C. similar D. more65. A. outlooks B. opinions C. concepts D. implicationsAFor four lonely years, Evelyn Jones of Rockford, Illinois, lived friendless and forgotten in one room of a cheap hotel. “I wasn’t sick, but I was acting sick,” the 78-year-old widow says, “Every day was the same. I would just lie on my bed and maybe cook up some soup.” Then, six months ago, she was invited to The Brighter Side -- Rockford’s day care center for the elderly. Every weekday morning since then, she has left her home to meet nine other old people in a church for a rich program of charity work, trips, games, and -- most important of all -- friendly companionship.Just a few years ago, there were few choices for the elderly between a normal life in their own homes and being totally confined in nursing homes. Many of them were sent to rest homes long before they needed full-time care. Others like Mrs. Jones were left to take care of themselves. But in 1971, the White House Conference on Aging called for the development of alternatives to care in nursing homes for old people, and since then, government-supported day-care programs like The Brighter Side have been developed in most big American cities.“This represents a real alternative to the feared institution and makes old people believe they have not left the world of living”, says Alice Brophy, 64, director of New York City’s Office for the Aging, “They do well at the centers, and I hate it when people describe us as elderly playpens（婴儿扶栏）.” New York’s 138 centers encourage continuing contact for the aged with the community’s life. The centers serve more than 15,000 members, and volunteer workers are always looking for new ones. If someone doesn’t show up at the center for several days in a row, a worker at the center calls to make sure all is well. And although participation in the center is free, those who want to can pay for their lunches.No normal studies have been made of these centers for the elderly, but government officials are enthusiastic. In the future, the Public Health Service will do a study to decide if the programs can receive federal Medicare money. And the old people themselves are very happy with the programs. “There is no way”, says Evelyn Jones, smiling at her new companions at the Brighter Side, “that I will ever go back to spending my day with all those loses at the hotel.”66. According to the passage, many old people went to the nursing homes because______________.A. They are in urgent need of full-time care.B. They were rather willing to go there.C. They were sent there.D. They were volunteers there.67. We can conclude from the statements of Alice Brophy that______________.A. the centers are like elderly playpens.B. the old people do well at the day care centers.C. old people like nursing institutions.D. outside the Brighter side they don’t work for the old.68. What’s author’s attitude towards the program of day care centers?A. pessimistic.B. concerned.C. neutral.D. optimistic.69. What is the main idea of the article?A. Day care centers may be able to receive federal Medicare money.B. Day care centers can make life better for elderly people.C. Many old people in the United States are lonely.D. Old people have no place in their society.BBiographyNicole Mary Kidman, AC (born 20 June 1967) is an American-born Australian actress, fashion model, singer and humanitarian. She is also known for her marriage to Tom Cruise, to whom she was married for 11 years and adopted two children, and her current marriage to country musician Keith Urban, with whom she has two biological daughters. As a result of being born to Australian parents in Hawaii, Kidman has dual citizenship in Australia and the United States. The following is a list of movies that Kidman has been involved with.Dead Calm (1989)After starring in a number of small Australian films and TV shows, Kidman's breakthrough was in the 1989 thriller Dead Calm. It was based on the 1963 novel of the same name by Charles Williams. The film was directed by Australian filmmaker Phillip Noyce and filmed around the Great Barrier Reef.Day of Thunder (1990)Days of Thunder is a 1990 American auto racing film released by ParamountPictures，bringing her worldwide recognition. The cast includes Tom Cruise, Nicole Kidman and Robert Duvall. This is the first of three films to star both Cruise and Kidman (the other two being Far and Away and Eyes Wide Shut).Batman Forever (1995)Batman Forever is a 1995 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. The plot focuses on Batman trying to stop Two-Face (Jones) and the Riddler (Carrey) in their villainous scheme to bring the city under their control. The film was released on June 16, 1995, receiving mixed reviews, but was a financial success.Moulin Rouge! (2001)Kidman’s performance in the musical Moulin Rouge! (2001) earned her a second Golden Globe Award and first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. It tells the story of a young English poet/writer, Christian (Ewan McGregor), who falls in love with the terminally-ill star of the Moulin Rouge, cabaret actress and courtesan Satine (Nicole Kidman).The Hours (2002)Kidman's performance as Virginia Woolf in the drama film The Hours (2002) received critical acclaim and earned her an Academy Award for Best Actress and a Silver Bear for Best Actress. The plot focuses on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf, who, in 1920s England, isstruggling with depression and mental illness while trying to write her novel.Rabbit Hole (2010)The screenplay of Rabbit Hole is an adaptation by David Lindsay Abaire of his 2005 play of the same name. Kidman produced the project via her company, Blossom Films. The plot deals with a couple struggling to heal after the death of their young son. Kidman was critically admired for her performance as Becca Corbett and received Academy Award and Golden Globe Award.Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search70. Which of the following statements about Nicole Kidman is true?A.Kidman has dual nationality because of being born to American parents in Australia.B.Kidman and Cruise gave birth to two children in their 11-year marriage.C.Kidman was known for TV shows before receiving recognition in motion picture industry.D.Far and Away was the first movie Kidman stared with her ex-husband.71. ___________ are based on the former works.A. Dead Calm, Moulin Rouge! and The HoursB. Batman Forever, Dead Calm and Rabbit HoleC. Day of Thunder, Batman Forever and The HoursD. The Hours, Batman Forever and Rabbit Hole72. The underlined word “acclaim” has the similar meaning to ___________.A. criticismB. complimentC. complaintD. comment73. Where can we probably find the article?A. A reference siteB. A fashion magazineB. An auto-biography D. A national newspaperC“The Heart of the Matter,” the newly-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for attaching the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by federal states and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors(捐助者) and others to maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education. In response, the AAAS formed the Committee on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the Committee’s 51 members are top-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as distinguished figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because the government supports full literacy (识字) of citizens, the report stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the introduction of a series of curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning into practice on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite 2 years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The committee ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive”.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legal intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well hold back reform by obscuring(遮蔽) the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to clarify.74. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to___________.A. maintain people’s interest in liberal educationB. define the government’s role in educationC. keep a leading position in liberal educationD. safeguard individuals’ rights to education75. Which one of the following statements about what the AAAS plan suggests is true ?A. An exclusive study of American history.B. A greater emphasis on theoretical subjects.C. The application of emerging technologies. D. Funding for the study of foreign languages.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ___________.A. professors are routinely supportive of free marketsB. intellectual investigation are put great value on in collegeC. progressive public policy is out of boundaries of proper studyD. professors have prejudice against classical liberal ideas77. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal EducationB. Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”C. Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”“D. Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education答案BCADB BDBAB ACADCCBDB CBBA CCDB。

2015年高考英语上海卷

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第Ⅰ卷（共103分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.C.He broke the woman’s calculator.D.He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5.A.The woman should go to another counter.B.The woman gives the man so many choices.C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.C.Clean the room with roommateD.Write an article about their roommate.8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.C.The snack bar is near the library.D.Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B.Leave her bicycle outside.C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.D.Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.It helps care for customer’s dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.C.None of the dogs are cagedD.There is a dog named Princess12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.C.She can have free coffee.D.She doesn’t like to be alone.13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.C.A new home for pets.D.A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B.A view that life quality is more important than pay.C.A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD. A new term created by high achievers15.A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16.A.People are less satisfied with their lives. B.The financial investment may increase.C.Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D.Unexpected problem may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C,you will hear tow longer conversations.The conversations will be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Ⅱ.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient,but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a white (25) I was in a good mood, I left her have it .On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot-it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26)(empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot carlier.She was fiving me (27) .odd-look half puzzled,half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into my car, I saw the same lady(28) (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said ,hesitantly “This (29) should crazy, but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) her. You helped those people , I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and paused a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.”(31) (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause. I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) （nice）gift I’d ever received, and I was from a complete stanger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’d got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and be took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant large (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea(34) there may be an important text . He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him ! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see（36）is connecting him is just too great.When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he says, “ In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) hasposted something new on the internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home ,he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Mybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia” (40) is real illness people can suffer from the feat of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble! Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beConsidering how much time people spend in offices,it is important that work spaces be well designed.Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 ,customers,They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past, The design industry has moved away from a fixed offices setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments”. These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierachies（等级制度）have flattened,or decreased,office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and crate fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage,and equipment within the workstation.Another important design goal is communication,which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations.Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees' 47 to heavily traffic areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands,including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies,and technological innovation （especially in relation to computerization）.These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance,establish,or promote a company's image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related.The most successful office designs are like a good marriage-the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for eachother.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s e arned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. erased55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D.positon56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructors57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. IrritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the peop le of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burntdown, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the firstfull-length feature film made by directors Nick Park andSteve Box with their amazing plasticine(粘土) charactersWallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if youwatch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutelybrilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dogGromit have started a company to protect the town’svegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before theannual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbitbegins terrorising the town. It is attacking all thevegetables and destroying everything in its path. Thecompetition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace andGromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have tofind the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter VictorQuartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes.As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect forthe role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully broughtto life, he can express a huge range of emotions withoutsaying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, whoplays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes asVictor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazingfilm which is suitable for both children and adults. If youliked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and youappreciate the British sens e of humour, you’ll love thisfilm. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was no t an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincour t. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder,and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership b y analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coaches develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practiceactivities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

上海市闵行区2015届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题

高考英语模拟试卷第I卷(共107 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a grocery. B. At a laundry. C. At a restaurant. D. At a post office.2. A. Generous. B. Considerate. C. Diligent. D. Impersonal.3. A. Travelling plan. B. Personal interest.C. Overseas study.D. Job opportunity.4. A. Having a break. B. Continuing the meeting.C. Moving on to the next item.D. Waiting a little longer.5. A. Take exercises. B. See a doctor. C. Have a test. D. Give a speech.6. A. It is a routine offer. B. It is quite healthy.C. It is new on the menu.D. It is a good bargain.7. A. She is driving fast to the airport. B. She may be late for the football game.C. She is worried about missing her flight.D. She is currently caught in a traffic jam.8. A. The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.B. Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel.C. Her brother can find an apartment for the man.D. The man should have booked a less expensive hotel.9. A. He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes.B. He enjoyed watching the animal performance.C. He got home too late to see the TV special.D. He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.10. A. The man should consider his privacy first.B. The man will choose a low-rent apartment.C. The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place.D. The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The storm. B. The flood. C. The wind. D. The rain.12. A. Cold and dry. B. Cloudy and rainy.C. Warm and sunny.D. Windy and cool.13. A. On Friday morning. B. On Friday night.C. On Saturday morning.D. On Saturday night.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It’ll allow them to receive free medical treatment.B. It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.C. It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.D. It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.15. A. They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.B. They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.C. They have to go through very complicated application procedures.D. They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.16. A. How to obtain student health insurance before going abroad.B. How to save money when you are buying overseas insurance.C. The importance of obtaining insurance when studying abroad.D. The advantages of student insurance over international travel insurance.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)One of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of words. Since V ocabulary Building and Word Study, another book in this series, (25) ______ (devote) to vocabulary development, we are not going to deal with this skill directly, but you should be aware of the basic fact (26) ______ the number of words you know determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand. (27) ______ you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. For example, children just beginning to read in first grade must use books that only have a few dozen words in them. As they progress through school their reading vocabulary keeps increasing (28) ______ they are adults. Adults typically have reading vocabularies of over 50,000 words.Failure (29) ______(develop) an extensive reading vocabulary will definitely hold you back in your efforts to improve comprehension. Most people learn new words by encountering them in reading or conversation, (30) ______ the meaning is usually clear from the context. A few words are learned by looking them up in the dictionary.If you feel that vocabulary is a problem for you, you may wish to do something systematic about it. There are many good books (31) ______ to help develop vocabulary, including the one in this series. (32) ______(begin) with any of them will help your vocabulary.(B)Conversation is an important part of life to everyone. However some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger (33) ______ ______ a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection is also a reason for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can serve as a way of warming up and getting to know each other. Most people, (34) ______ ______ ______ successful they are at work, will find the process of making small talk uncomfortable, even pointless. However, you (35) ______ (have) a pretty small world if you refuse to let others in. Starting off with (36) ______ usual comment or question will make others comfortable, and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough.Once you have made the first move, there is no turning back. You need to keep things going before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to share with a new friend and that is (37) ______ you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some general points of discussion. (38) ______ (keep) the ball rolling, you can show that you are really interested in what they are saying. Once you find common points of interest, things will definitely take off from there.Small talk (39) ______ turn out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation should bebrief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourself control the conversation. Let (40) ______ talk too. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may even find out later on that you have the “talent” of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Job seekers should know the rules of labor market before they try to find a proper job. Most career organizations 41 three stages for graduates to follow the process of securing a suitable career: recognizing abilities, matching these to available jobs and presenting them well to possible employers.Job seekers have to make a careful assessment of their abilities. One area of assessment should be of their 42 qualifications, which include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own values and attitudes. An honest assessment of personal interests and abilities such as creative skills, or skills acquired from work experience, should also be given careful 43 .The second stage is to study the opportunities which are available for employment. To do this, graduates can study job and 44 information in newspapers, or they can pay a visit to a careers office, write to friends or relatives who may already be 45 in a particular profession. After studying all the various 46 , they should be in a position to make informed comparisons between various careers.Good personal 47 is essential in the search for a good career. Job application forms should be filled in carefully and correctly, without grammar of spelling errors. They should also prepare properly by finding out all they can about the possible employer. When 48 information is asked for, job seekers should describe their abilities and work experience in more depth, as well as 49 their own abilities with the employer’s needs, explain why they are interested in a career with the 50 company and try to show that they already know something about the company and its activities. Interviewees should try to give positive answers and not be afraid of asking questions about anything they are unsure about.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People read for different purposes. Sometimes people read for information while on other occasions, for understanding. Therefore, we can know that the word ―reading‖ has two51 senses.The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, and so on. We can get access to the content of those materials 52 . Such materials may increase our 53of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we don’t have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding is 54 to them before we start. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement.The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not completely 55 . Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is communicating something that can increase the reader’s understanding. Such 56 between unequals – people who know and people who don’t know – must be made possible. Otherwise one person could never learn from another. Here ―learning‖ means understand ing more, not 57 more information.What are the 58 in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality in understanding. The writer must be ―59 ‖ to the reader in understanding. Besides, his book must convey something he possesses while his potential readers 60 . Second, the reader must be able to 61 this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to reach the same level of understanding with the writer. If the 62 is approached, success of communication is achieved.Besides gaining information and understanding, there’s another goal of reading:63 . It is the least 64 and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. 65 , any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well.51. A. meaningful B. broad C. separate D. informative52. A. easily B. wholly C. briefly D. highly53. A. analysis B. comprehension C. appreciation D. store54. A. equal B. contrary C. inferior D. devoted55. A. agree B. understand C. approve D. enjoy56. A. contact B. relationship C. method D. communication57. A. selecting B. ignoring C. remembering D. creating58. A. conditions B. procedures C. approaches D. purposes59. A. humble B. superior C. kind D. generous60. A. know B. acquire C. lack D. deny61. A. recognize B. follow C. neglect D. overcome62. A. principle B. equality C. information D. content63. A. knowledge B. ability C. entertainment D. culture64. A. enjoyable B. reasonable C. flexible D. demanding65. A. In fact B. On the contrary C. In addition D. On the other handSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dennis Sinar, 51, a doctor from New York, is quick to explain why he took a year-long break from his job. ―I was pretty burned out after practicing medicine for 26 years. I needed a recharge.‖ So he took a ―gap year‖, from July 2011 to June 2012, to explore things like ancient buildings, antique restoration, archaeology and traditional Eastern medicine, in locations including Alaska,Nepal and Romania.―Taking a break from work is an excellent way for adults to go into a new career or refresh an old one,‖ said Holly Bull, president of Princeton, N, J. ―In recen t years, mid-career breaks have been gaining more interest,‖ she said. A report on adult gap years published this year by a market research company also described the potential American market for gap years as a ―sleeping giant.‖―A gap year is a challenge for the older individual to step out of a comfort zone and take a risk. I enjoyed that side most.‖ said Dr. Sinar, who kept a daily blog about his experience. His time studying Eastern medicine ―assured the reasons I went into health care,‖said Dr. Sinar, who returned to practice medicine at his old job, although he works fewer days. ―I use those experiences to provide my patients with more care,‖ he added. ―And I listen better than I did before.‖George Garritan, chairman of the Department of Leadership and Human Capital Management at New York University, certainly agrees with Dr. Sinar. He said a gap-year experience could be worthwhile for employees and companies. For employees, investing in themselves and improving skill sets is a move that will benefit throughout their career. He added that returning employees feel refreshed and have given more thought to their career. For companies, offering unpaid leaves makes good sense for attracting and keeping talented employees.66. Dr. Sinar took a gap year because he ________.A. had lost his old jobB. wanted to refresh after 26 years’ workC. had a desire for travellingD. became interested in historical research67. The phrase ―sleeping giant‖ (in 2nd paragraph) indicates that ________.A. it’s too early for people to accept the conception of gap yearB. the effect of gap year policy remains to be seenC. it’s difficult to foresee the gap year marketD. more American people will accept the gap year policy68. What’s George Garritan’s attitude tow ard the ―gap year‖?A. Positive.B. DoubtfulC. Uninterested.D. Uncertain.69. What’s the passage mainly about?A. How an adult plans a mid-career gap year.B. Why a gap year is worthwhile for adults.C. Whether a gap year is popular with adults.D. Why a gap year is challenging for individuals.(B)Submitting Assignment OnlineIn order to upload an assignment to the system properly, you must save the assignment using one of the following applications: Microsoft Word, Corel WordPerfect, or Microsoft Excel.After you complete an assignment, it is important to save your work. This ensures that assignment being uploaded to the system is the most updated version. Your word processing program may attempt to save the assignment to a folder on your computer. We recommend creating a new folder, named after your course, in a location that is easy to remember, such as“My Documents.”File Name RequirementsSelect a file name for the assignment that is easy to remember. The file name must NOT contain spaces. Any spaces used in the file name will prevent the file from uploading to the system. File names using the extensions .rtf, .html, .zip, .jpg, or .exe are NOT allowed.Assignment Upload ProcedureWhen the file is ready to upload, follow these steps:1. Sign in the system.2. Enter your address information and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the “Directions” screen.3. Review the directions and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the “Special Assignment Upload” screen.4. Click the SEARCH button. The “Choose File” window pops up.5. Find the location on your computer where you saved your assignment, and select the file. After you have selected the file, click the UPLOAD button to upload your assignment to the system.Assignment Submission DatesAssignments must be submitted by midnight on the specified due date. Submit your assignment on time so that it reaches the system on or before the due date. No late assignments will be accepted or marked. Assignments delivered after the due date will not be assessed and will be failed. Please manage your time carefully as family and work demands will not be accepted as excuses for late or non-submissions. Tutors and administrators do not have the authority to grant extensions.70. Which of the following file names is acceptable for submitting assignment?A. research paper.docB. research paper.pdfC. researchpaper.docD. researchpaper.rtf71. Students are advised to save an assignment to a specific folder in order to ________.A. sign in the systemB. remember where the document isC. choose the appropriate applicationD. remember the document name quickly72. The phrase ―pops up‖ in the passage probably means ―________‖.A. appearsB. eliminatesC. scansD. browses73. If you summit your assignment after the due time, you ________.A. can have a second chanceB. should ask a tutor for helpC. may apply for an extensionD. will get a fail for the work(C)Even in a weak job market, the old college try isn’t the answer for everyone. A briefing paper from the Brookings Institution warns that ―we may have overdone the message‖ on college, senior fellow Isabel Sawhill said.―We’ve been telling students and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course there’s a lot of truth to that,‖ Ms. Sawhill said. ―On average it does pay off… But if you load up on a whole lot of student debt and then you don’t graduate, that is a very bad situation.‖One comment that people often repeat among the years of slow job growth has been the value of education for landing a job and advancing in a career. April’s national unemployment rate stood at 7.5%, according to the Labor Department. The unemployment rate for high-school graduates over 25 years old who hadn’t attended college was 7.4%, compared with 3.9% for those with a bachelor’s degree or more education. The difference is even bigger among those aged 16-24. The jobless rate for those with only a high school diploma in that age group is about 20%. At the same time, recent research by Canadian economists cautions that a college degree is no guarantee of promising employment.Ms. Sawhill pointed out that among the aspects that affect the value of a college education is the field of one’s major: Students in engineering or other sciences end up earning more than ones who major in the arts or education. The cost of tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.She suggested two ways for improving the situation: increasing vocational-technical training programs and taking a page from Europe’s focus on early education rather than post-secondary learning. ―The European countries put a littl e more attention to getting people prepared in the primary grades,‖ she said. ―Then they have a higher bar for who ever goes to college—but once you get into college, you’re more likely to be highly subsidized (资助).‖She also is a supporter of technical training—to teach students how to be plumbers, welders and computer programmers—because ―employers are desperate‖ for workers with these skills.74. According to the passage, people usually think that ________.A. the cost of technical schooling is a problemB. one will not succeed without a college degreeC. technical skills are most important for landing a jobD. there is an increased competition in getting into a college75. The underlined part ―taking a page from‖ probably means ― ________ ‖A. revisingB. promotingC. definingD. adopting76. What can we infer from the passage?A. Public institutions charge more for education.B. European universities are stricter with students.C. Students with certain skills are in great demand.D. Canadian students prefer to major in engineering.77. Ms. Sawhill may probably agree that ________.A. too much stress has been put on the value of college degreesB. technical training is more important than college educationC. a college degree will ensure promising employmentD. it’s easier for art students to find favorite jobsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The ―eco-guilt‖ brought on by thediscouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the ―real state of the world‖ as fine. Of course , another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some industry- funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg's book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that ―After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.‖Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg's ―preference for unexamined materials is incredible(不可信的)‖．A critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That's a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.78. Skeptics are searching for more comforting worldviews to argue that the environment isn’tthreatened by _________________.79. What’s the result of Mr. Lomborg’s views?80. The author mentioned “articles and reviews full of words of praise” to illustrate that Mr.Lomborg’s views ____________________.81. According to the last paragraph, only if ________________ can people make right decisions.第II 卷(共43 分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 请你方便的时候打电话给我。

上海市普陀区2015届高三二模英语考试卷(含详细答案)

上海市普陀区2015高三二模英语考试卷（考试时间 120分钟试卷满分 150分）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. At the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.2. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.3. A. She expected more people at the party. B. She enjoys entertaining small children.C. She has always enjoyed great popularity.D. She threw a surprise party for her friend.4. A. It is 4:10 now. B. It is 4:20 now. C. It is 4:50 now. D. It is 4:40 now.5. A. Mark was too busy to call the man.B. The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.C. The woman had forgotten Mark?s phone number.D. Mark and the woman hadn?t been in touch for long.6. A. The library is closed on weekends. B. He was not allowed to check out the book.C. He had no idea where the book was.D. He didn?t get the book he needed.7. A. The houses for sale are at high price.B. The man is unwilling to look at the houses on sale.C. The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.D. The housing sellers provide free trips for potential buyers.8. A. The man no longer smokes.B. The man is under pressure from his wife.C. The man usually follows his wife?s advice.D. The man refuses to listen to his doctor?s advice.。

2015年上海高考英语预测试题带答案(考前必看)

2015年上海高考预测试题英语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。

请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Don't Take the Fun Out of Youth SportsWhen I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said I had lots of potential, and I became captain of my team. That was before all the fun (25)_______(take) out of playing.At first, everyone on the team got equal playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the pressure started. Some parents, who (26)_____(pay) the coach extra (27)_____return for their daughters' private one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time. The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run. We ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble (28) ______（breathe).Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises (29)______ (design) for 18-year-olds.I was thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I thought to (30) _____ that I was afraid of being too full to run. Finally, I ended up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, two of (31)______stopped playing football completely.That's sad because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents.I continued playing football at school and rediscovered my love for it. I joined a private team and the coach told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I calmed down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it is a lot (32)______(easy) to do it well.(B)How to Be a WinnerSteven Redgrave---Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals"In 2012 I was found to have developed lung disease. (33)______ (believe) my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it----the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner (34) ______ _______ _______I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn't difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that hard (35) ______the condition was, I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way."Karen Pickering-Swimming World Champion"I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success − you (36) ____ not bear following a career in any field without being well-organized. List (37) _____ you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are,and you'll be a step closer to achieving them."Kirsten Best-Poet &Writer"When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me I can't achieve something. Then, there are other influencing factors, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate, (38) _____ helps a lot to repeat words s uch as … calm‟, …peace‟ or …focus‟, either out loud or silently in my mind when I feel tense. It makes me (39)_______( feel) more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is (40)______powerful psychological tool."Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most individuals experience some form of test anxiety when they take an important examination. This anxiety can 41 itself in physical symptoms like nausea or sweaty palms, or in emotional symptoms like panic and irritability. Often, individuals will become nervous long before the exam date because they feel 42 by the amount of material they must master. The first step in 43 this anxiety is realizing that test anxiety is a natural reaction, and that it can be 44 . In order to regain control over anxiety, one should break the exam 45 into smaller sections. It will seem much easier to master a series of small subjects than to handle a huge subject all at once.Test-takers should make a study schedule weeks or months ahead of the exam, and give themselves a small amount to learn each period. When the exam day 46 arrives, anxiety will be reduced by the feeling of preparedness. Apart from that, anxiety can be lessened in a few easy ways. First, avoid having any excessively stimulating foods, such as those 47 caffeine or sugar, on the day of the exam. Getting a good night's sleep and a little bit of exercise will 48 one's brain and allow for easy 49 of the learned material. During the exam, breathe deeply and sit in a comfortable position. On exams where this is possible, many people find comfort in going through and answering all of the easy questions before 50 the more difficult ones.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she ___51___ information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is ___52___ to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to ___53___ exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. ___54___, a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to ___55___ memory is to say that it is a process—a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetitioncan help to ___56___ the pieces that make up our memory of that information.Memory can be ___57___ affected by a number of things. ___58___ nutrition can affect a person‟s ability to store information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent ___59___ to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person‟s ability to notice certain things, thus making it ___60___ to register information in the brain.When people talk about memory, they often ___61___ short-term memory and long-term memory. If you want to call a store or an office that you don‟t call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term m emory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. ___62___, you don‟t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend‟s number, because you already know it. This number is in your long-term memory, which ___63___ information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough ___64___. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not ___65___ the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.51. A. collects B. processes C. publishes D. absorbs52. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. convenient53. A. figure out B. take out C. put out D. give out54. A. After all B. Instead C. By contrast D. Besides55. A. recall B. refresh C. describe D. decrease56. A. lose B. organize C. identify D. strengthen57. A. positively B. negatively C. actively D. directly58. A. Poor B. Adequate C. Special D. Various59. A. benefit B. offence C. effect D. damage60. A. easier B. more impressive C. harder D. more convenient61. A. refer to B. apply for C. come across D. break down62. A. Furthermore B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise63. A. leaks B. transmits C. checks D. stores64. A. in the middle B. at the end C. in the beginning D. ahead of time65. A. restore B. record C. replace D. respondSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids had been identified.Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form intoplanets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth‟s moon.Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico‟s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this asteroids‟s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.66.Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.67.The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. Formation of rocksB. Disturbance of motionC. Estimation of scientistsD. Influences of size68.What scientists have found implies thatA. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years agoB. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years agoC. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years agoD. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid‟s collision with Earth69.Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.(B)70.The Motion Picture Association of America aims to_______A. Conclude box-office data and give reportsB. make full use of bold charts and graphsC. download relative reports from the websitesD. control U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics71.Which of the following is true about the U.S. Movie industry‟s box-office revenues?A. The revenues coming from international audiences totaled $8.41 billion in 2005.B. The revenues produces from domestic audiences added up to $25.82 billion in 2009.C. The foreign revenues grew more compared with domestic ticket sales from 2008.D. A film firstly made more than $400 million both at home and abroad in 2009.72.Highlights of the report include the following aspects except______A. the U.S. movie indust ry‟s box-office revenuesB. the numbers of the newly released U.S. MoviesC. the status of film lovers‟ going to the cinemasD. the U.S. Movie admission to six large studios73.Why does MPAA describe itself as “The V oice and Advocate of the American Motion Picture, Home Video and Television Industries”?A. Because MPAA is an organization with no intention to earn money.B. Because MPAA is made up of all the large studios throughout America.C. Because MPAA devotes itself to working standing for the film industry.D. Because MPAA runs a world-wide web site reflecting the Motion Picture.(C)For age the word has been going around that the dog is the man‟s best friend. I agree. A dog can be hardly as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children. But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do without such a friend.Providing for the dog‟s needs is so expensive that the animals should be an incom e tax deduction(扣除). There‟s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it‟s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, before you know it , you‟ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don‟t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you‟ll spend three to five dollars a week. If you own a big, you need a large dog-house. They‟re expensive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars‟ worth of materials, a weekend‟s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one yourself. And these are only the major costs.A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. Consider the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches-slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull? And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren‟t the only one to endure sleepless nights; you r neighbors let you know they didn‟t sleep either. Policemen are frequent visitors to dog owners‟ homes. They inquire about holes reported dug in neighbors‟ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don‟t really know where Pex was all week. And you remember wondering why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife prove more annoying to man than a dog.Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sides, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, who possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis--shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains, if our best friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we‟d soon encouraged them to become astronauts.74.Which statement is NOT true about the dog as man‟s best friend?A. A dog will help to watch people.B. A dog will guard your house at night.C. A dog will play with your children.D. A dog will serve as a guide for the hunters.75.In paragraph2, “preventive maintenance” means a measur e to_____.A. keep the dog in the house the whole dayB. invest ten to twenty dollars in female pregnantC. prevent a female dog from becoming pregnantD. provide for the food that dogs eat76.Policemen frequently visit dog owners‟ homes because______.A. the police station was destroyed by dogsB. neighbor‟s domestics pets were killed or injured.‟C. they want to ask about neighbor‟s flowersD. they can‟t stand sleepless nights any more77.From the last two paragraphs, we can learn that______.A. a dog is not as annoying as a fire-breathing mother-in-lawB.it is more difficult for man to cope with a talkative wife than with a dogC. dog lovers prove to be as cruel as the Russians in the argumentD. a dog is a troublemaker that causes its owner the most annoyance.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The paper is written in an attempt to discuss what the creative process is .Though much theory has accumulated ,little is really known about the power that lies at the bottom of poetic creation. It is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by combing emotions, reason, and intuitions(直觉). But what is the magical synthesis(合成) that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity?John L.Lowes, in his justly famous” The Road to Xanadu,” developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this interesting question. Imaginative creation. He concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds jointly operate. “there is ….the deep well with its chaos(杂乱) of accidently mixing images ,but there is likewise the vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form , and with the vision, the controlling will ,which gives to that potential beauty actuality.”The deep well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas , feelings of the conscious activity. The imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows , silently seeking pattern and form. Finally, the conscious mind again, through will , captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. In this way is unity born out of chaos.Though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel (与….相似)，to some extent ,Lowes‟s theory of well , vision , form and will. There are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work.In a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writer‟s life. It is the deep well. It is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind. When remembrance of things past reaches the conscious level of the writer‟s mind, he is ready to go on with the process. Part of this preparation involves learning a medium---learning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forms. It is important to note here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. Evidence, though not enough, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. It is the vision, according to Lowes, that sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form.(Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than TEN words)78.John L. Lowes has provided an acceptable answer to the question of ______________________.79._________________________are the four elements of John L. Lowes‟ theory.80. How does the preparation stage contribute to the development of a creative work?81.According to the passage, what is the relationship between the idea and form.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。

2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷)_Word版含解析汇报

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversationand the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decidewhich one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’tallowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if thegarage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple ofmonths ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a greattrip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages;he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checkingeven at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talkingto him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel theneed to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36)is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop(37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38)has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). Ifwe go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawalsymptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everydayproblem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illnesspeople can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried thatSam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t havehis phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so muchtrouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordcan only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that withA be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they area part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movementof desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goalis communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a numberof competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful officedesigns are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating第二部分：阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

2015年上海市高考英语试卷

2015年上海市高考英语试卷I.ListeningComprehension1．（1分）A．impatient B．confused C．pleased D．regretful．2．（1分）A．at a bus stop B．at a laundry C．at the dentist's D．at the chemist's．3．（1分）A．An actor B．A salesman C．A translator D．A writer．4．（1分）A．He lost his classmate's homework．B．He can't help the woman with her math．C．He broke the woman's calculator．D．He doesn't know where the"on"button is．5．（1分）A．The woman should go to another counter．B．The woman gives the man so many choices．C．The man dislike the sandwiches offered there．D．The man is having trouble deciding what to eat．6．（1分）A．She has no idea where to find the man's exam result．B．She isn't allowed to tell students their grades．C．Dr．White hasn't finish grading the papers．D．Dr．White doesn't want to be contacted while he's away．7．（1分）A．Move to a neat dormitoryB．Find a person to share their apartmentC．Clean the room with the roommateD．Write an article about their roommate．8．（1分）A．Bob won't take her adviceB．Bob doesn't want to go abroadC．She doesn't think Bob should study overseasD．She hasn't talked to Bob since he went aboard．9．（1分）A．The snack bar isn't usually so empty．B．Dessert is served in the snack bar．C．The snack bar is near the library．D．Snacks aren't allowed in the library．10．（1分）A．Take her bicycle to the repair shop．B．Leave her bicycle outside．C．Clean the garage after the rain stops．D．Check if the garage is dry．11．（3分）Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage．11．A．It helps care for customers'dogs．B．You have to buy food for dogs．C．None of the dogs are caged．D．There is a dog named Princess．12．A．She likes the food there．B．She enjoys the fun with a pet．C．She can have free coffee．D．She doesn't like to be alone．13．A．A new kind of cafe．B．A new brand of cafe．C．A new home for pets．D．A new way to raise pets．14．（3分）Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage．14．A．A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary．B．A view that life quality is more important than pay．C．A dream of the young for fast﹣paced jobs．D．A new term created by high achievers．15．A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16．A．People are less satisfied with their lives．B．The financial investment may increase．C．Well﹣paid jobs are not easy to find．D．Unexpected problems may arise．17．（4分）Directions：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you hear each conversation，you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet．Blanks 17through 20are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer．21．（4分）Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．II.GrammarandVocabulary25．（3分）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy．The first parking space I found was convenient，but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while．（25）I was in a good mood，I let her have it．On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot﹣it was a tight fit．Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the freshair．Feeling good，I （26）（empty）my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park．Just as I approached my car，1saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier．She was giving me （27）odd look﹣half puzzled，half intent （热切的）．I smiled and wished her a pleasant day．As I squeezed back into my car，I spotted the same lady （28）（look）in at me．"Hello，"she said，hesitantly．"This （29）sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins．"You are just so much （30）her．"You helped those people，I noticed，and you seemed so happy．"She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window．"I think she would like you to have it．"（31）（shock），I took it from her automatically．She smiled and walked away．After a pause，I opened the box．Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl．It was （32）（nice）gift I'd ever received，and it was from a complete stranger．The necklace was around my neck，a warm reminder of human kindness．33．（3分）Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah，I've got a problem with my husband，Sam．He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado，it was a great trip except for one problem．He has a constant urge （33）for next messages；he checks his phone every five minutes!He's so addicted to it that he just can't stand the idea （34）there may be an important text．He can't help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him!He behaves （35）any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn't．The temptation to see （36）is connecting him is just too great．When I ask him to put down the phone and stop （37）（ignore）me，he say，"In a minute．"but still checks to see if （38）has posted something new on the Internet．Our life （39）（interrupt）．If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home，hesuffers from withdrawal symptom．May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem．I recently read an article about"nomophobia，"（40）is a real illness people can't suffer from the fear of being without your phone!I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn't have his phone with him，even for a short time．Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie．41．（3分）Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．Considering how much time people spend in offices，it is important that work be well designed．Well﹣designed office spaces help create a cooperation's image．They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential or，（41），customer．They make businesses work better，and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in．As we move away from an industrial﹣based economy to a knowledge﹣based one，office designers have come up with （42）to the traditional work environments of the past．The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible"strategic management environments．"These （43）solutions are to meant to support better organizational performances．As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased，office designers‘response to this change has been to move open﹣plain areas to more desirable locations within the office，and create fewer formal private offices．Theneed for increased flexibility has also been （44）by changes in work station design．Offices and work spaces often are not （45）to a given person on a permanent basis because of changes to method of working，new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks，storage，and equipment within the workstation．Another important design goal is communication，which designers have improved by lowering the walls that （46）workstations．Designers have also created informal gathering places，and upgraded employees'（47）to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms．Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often （48）demands，including budgetary limits，employee hierarchies，and technological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）．These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance，establish，or promote a company‘s image and will enable employees to （49）at their best．All these （50）of office design are related．The most successful office designs are like a good marriage ﹣﹣the well﹣designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other．III.ReadingComprehension51．（3分）If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning，you would not detect interest in romance among the artists．（51），you would see plenty of animals with people running after them．Life for ancient people's earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals．In modern times，when food is available in grocery stores，finding love is more （52）in people's lives．The （53）is all around us．It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love．An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture．Researchers are studying whether love，a highly valued emotional state，can be（54）．They ask，what is love？Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth，but clean teeth go only so far．Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved．You have probably heard that opposites attract but that （55）attract，too．One thing is certain：The truth about love is not yet set in stone．First ImpressionTo help determine the （56）of attraction，researchers paired 164college classmates and had them talk for 3，6or 10minutes so they could get a sense of each other's individuality．Then students were asked to （57）what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners．After nine weeks，they reported what happened．As it turned out，their （58）judgements often held true．Students seemed to （59）at an early stage who would best fit into their lives．The （60）KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction．Many animals give off pheromones﹣natural chemicals that can be detected by，and then can produce a response in，other animals of the same species．Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling （61）to partnerships．In contrast，humans do not seem to be as （62）as other animals at detecting such chemicals．Smell，however，does seem to play a part in human attraction．Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously，we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people．Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors，including seeing something we find attractive．Researchers had people judge faces for（63）．The participants had 0.013seconds to view each face，yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces．The way we （64）attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic．When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations，people responded to（65）words faster after viewing an attractive face．Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking．51．A．Instead B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise 52．A．romantic B．stressful C．central D．beneficial 53．A．priority B．proof C．possibility D．principle 54．A．tested B．imposed C．changed D．created 55．A．appearances B．virtues C．similarities D．passions 56．A．illustrations B．imaginations C．ingredients D．instructions 57．A．predict B．investigate C．diagnose D．recall 58．A．critical B．initial C．random D．mature 59．A．memorize B．distinguish C．negotiate D．question 60．A．Nose B．Eye C．Heart D．Hand 61．A．open B．alert C．resistant D．superior 62．A．disappointed B．amazed C．confused D．gifted 63．A．emotion B．attractiveness C．individuality D．signals 64．A．enhance B．possess C．maintain D．assess 65．A．familiar B．plain C．positive D．insulting．SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysever alquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B, CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouh avejustread.66．（3分）Look to many of history's cultural symbols，and there you'll find an ancestor of Frosty，the snowman in the movie Frozen．It appeared on some of thefirst postcards，starred in some of the earliest silent movies，and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos，dating all the way back to the 1800s．I discovered even more about one of humanity's earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world．For example，snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages，built with great skill and thought．At a time of limited means of expression，snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky．It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art．Some were created by famous artists，including a 19﹣year﹣old Michelangelo，who in 1494was appointed by the ruler of Florence，Italy，to build a snowman in his mansion's courtyard．The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death．The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen﹣an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner．Some were political in nature，criticizing the church and government．Some were a reflection of people's imagination．For the people of Brussels，this was a defining moment of defining freedom．At least until spring arrived，by which time they were dealing with damaging floods．If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed，don't worry：I've learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today．Every year since 1818，the people of Zurich，Switzerland，celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman．On the third Monday of April，the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds．The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40﹣foot pile of firewood．After the bells of the Church of St．Peter have rung six times，representing the passing of winter，the pile is lit．When the snowman explodes，winter is considered officially over﹣the quicker it is burnt down，the longer summer is said to be．66．According to the passage，why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages？．A．People thought of snow as holy art supplies．B．People longed to see masterpieces of snow．C．Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves．D．Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought．67．"The heyday of the snowman"（paragraph 4）means the time when．A．snowmen were made mainly by artistsB．snowmen enjoyed great popularityC．snowmen were politically criticizedD．snowmen caused damaging floods68．In Zurich，the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes．A．the start of the paradeB．the coming of a longer summerC．the passing of the winterD．the success of tradesmen69．What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage？A．They were appreciated in historyB．They have lost their valueC．They were related to moviesD．They vary in shape and size．70．（3分）70．In the film review，what is paragraph A mainly about？．A．The introduction to the leading rolesB．The writer's opinion of actingC．The writer's comments on the storyD．The background information71．According to the film review，"monster"（paragraph B）refers to．A．a gun﹣crazy hunterB．a brainy dogC．a scary rabbitD．a giant vegetable72．Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film？A．It's full of wit and humour．B．Its characters show feelings without words．C．It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis．D．It is about the harmony between man and animals．73．（3分）One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day﹣long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar．"Brutus was not an honorable man，"he said．"He was a traitor（叛徒）．And he murdered someone in cold blood．"The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him．He made a bad decision，they said﹣at least as it was presented by Shakespeare﹣to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar．And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind，Caesar was nevertheless his superior．"You have to endeavor，"the executives said，"our policy is to obey the chain of command．"During the last few years，business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare's wisdom for profitable ends．None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman，well﹣known advisers to the White House，who started up a training company called"Movers and Shakespeares"．They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers，and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business．They conduct between 30and 40workshops annually，focusing on half a dozen different plays，mostly for corporations，but also for government agencies．The workshops all take the same form，focusing on a single play as a kind of case study，and using individual scenes as specific lessons．In Julius Caesar，sly provocation （狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism．Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature，theprogrammes，contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background．Their workshop on Henry V，for example，includes a helpful explanation of Henry's winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt．But they do come to the text with a few biases （偏向）：their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power．Instead，they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader．And at the workshop on Caesar，Mr．Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus，saying"the noblest Roman of them all"couldn't make his mind up about things．Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar's pride，which led to his murder，and Brutus's mistakes in leading the after the murder，they said，raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss？73．According to paragraph 1，what did all the executives think of Brutus？．A．Cruel．B．Superior．C．Honourable．D．Rude74．According to the passage，the Adelmans set up"Movers and Shakespeares"to．A．help executives to understand Shakespeare's plays betterB．give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare's playsC．provide case studies of Shakespeare's plays in literature workshopsD．guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare's plays．75．Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V？A．To highlight the importance of catching opportunities．B．To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win．C．To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management．D．To warn executives against power misuse．76．It can be inferred from the passage that．A．the Adelmans'programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized．B．executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare's plays．C．the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars．D．Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field．77．The best title for the passage is．A．Shakespeare's plays：Executives reconsider corporate culture B．Shakespeare's plays：An essential key to business successC．Shakespeare's plays：a lesson for business motivationD．Shakespeare's plays：Dramatic training brings dramatic results．78．（3分）Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children's development．First，sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active，which can lead to improved physical health．Second，youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth's psychosocial development，providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation，discipline，leadership，and self﹣control．Third，youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills；these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants．When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth﹣sport programs，they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice．Research from Telama （2006）states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth （ages nine to eighteen）increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females．Côté （2002）defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment．These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by aninvolved adult．Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level．For example，children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment （e．g．in the street．on a playing field or in someone's backyard）．When involved in deliberate play activities，children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior．（whether they win or lose）than with the behavior．（having fun）．On the other hand，Ericsson （1993）suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice．Deliberate practice activities require effort，produce no immediate rewards，and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment．When individuals are involved in deliberate play，they experiment with different combinations of behaviors，but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance．In contrast，when individuals are involved in deliberate practice，they exhibit behavior．focused on improving performance by the most effective means available．For example，the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations．However，players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable．Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable，they might be the most relevant to improving performance．（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）78．Besides the learning of motor skills，what are the other two important objectives of youth sport？．79．If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities，they are more likely to．80．In deliberate play activities，what do children do to maximize enjoyment？．81．In contrast to deliberate play，deliberate practice is aimed at．I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgi veninthebrackets.82．（3分）美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一．（visit）．83．（3分）街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区．（bring）．84．（3分）在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧．（apology）．85．（3分）这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题．（what）．86．（3分）申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确的了解．（in order that）．II.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120–150wordsaccordingto theinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.87．学校即将举办"读书节"，目前正广泛征集"读书节"宣传册图片．假设你是该校学生潘阳，你已找到以下三幅图片，决定给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅，你的信须包括以下内容：1．简单描述你想推荐的那幅图片；2．阐述你用这幅图片宣传"读书节"的理由．2015年上海市高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析I.ListeningComprehension1．（1分）（2015•上海）A．impatient B．confused C．pleased D．regretful．2．（1分）（2015•上海）A．at a bus stop B．at a laundry C．at the dentist's D．at the chemist's．3．（1分）（2015•上海）A．An actor B．A salesman C．A translator D．A writer．4．（1分）（2015•上海）A．He lost his classmate's homework．B．He can't help the woman with her math．C．He broke the woman's calculator．D．He doesn't know where the"on"button is．5．（1分）（2015•上海）A．The woman should go to another counter．B．The woman gives the man so many choices．C．The man dislike the sandwiches offered there．D．The man is having trouble deciding what to eat．6．（1分）（2015•上海）A．She has no idea where to find the man's exam result．B．She isn't allowed to tell students their grades．C．Dr．White hasn't finish grading the papers．D．Dr．White doesn't want to be contacted while he's away．7．（1分）（2015•上海）A．Move to a neat dormitoryB．Find a person to share their apartmentC．Clean the room with the roommateD．Write an article about their roommate．8．（1分）（2015•上海）A．Bob won't take her adviceB．Bob doesn't want to go abroadC．She doesn't think Bob should study overseasD．She hasn't talked to Bob since he went aboard．9．（1分）（2015•上海）A．The snack bar isn't usually so empty．B．Dessert is served in the snack bar．C．The snack bar is near the library．D．Snacks aren't allowed in the library．10．（1分）（2015•上海）A．Take her bicycle to the repair shop．B．Leave her bicycle outside．C．Clean the garage after the rain stops．D．Check if the garage is dry．11．（3分）（2015•上海）Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage．11．A．It helps care for customers'dogs．B．You have to buy food for dogs．C．None of the dogs are caged．D．There is a dog named Princess．12．A．She likes the food there．B．She enjoys the fun with a pet．C．She can have free coffee．D．She doesn't like to be alone．13．A．A new kind of cafe．B．A new brand of cafe．C．A new home for pets．D．A new way to raise pets．14．（3分）（2015•上海）Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage．14．A．A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary．B．A view that life quality is more important than pay．C．A dream of the young for fast﹣paced jobs．D．A new term created by high achievers．15．A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16．A．People are less satisfied with their lives．B．The financial investment may increase．C．Well﹣paid jobs are not easy to find．D．Unexpected problems may arise．17．（4分）（2015•上海）Directions：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you hear each conversation，you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet．Blanks 17through 20are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer．21．（4分）（2015•上海）Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．II.GrammarandVocabulary25．（3分）（2015•上海）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy．The first parking space I found was convenient，but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while．（25）As/Because/Since I was in a good mood，I let her have it．On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot﹣it was a tight fit．Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air．Feeling good，I （26）emptied（empty）my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park．Just as I approached my car，1saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier．She was giving me （27）an odd look﹣half puzzled，half intent （热切的）．I smiled and wished her a pleasant day．As I squeezed back into my car，I spotted the same lady （28）looking（look）in at me．"Hello，"she said，hesitantly．"This （29）might/may sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins．"You are just so much （30）like her．"You helped those people，I noticed，and you seemed so happy．"She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window．"I think she would like you to have it．"（31）Shocked（shock），I took it from her automatically．She smiled and walked away．After a pause，I opened the box．Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl．It was （32）the nicest（nice）gift I'd ever received，and it was。

2015年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试题

2014学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷I、听力（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySectionADirections：After reading the passages below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Residents of southern California are trying to get used to skyrocketing prices for gasoline. The average price for 87 octane economy gas is $, almost 30 percent higher today than it was 12 months ago. The(25) (low) gas price in the Southland right now is $ a gallon at the Seashell station in Arcadia. The station manager, Everett, said the reason his gas is cheaper than elsewhere is (26) he bought a lot of gas two years ago at(27) (reduce) prices, so he is passing his savings on to his customers.The lines at the Seashell station often run 10 to 20 vehicles long. The police have been here several times (28) cars block traffic on Horsetrail D rive. Everett said, “I tell people in line that the Barco station a block away is only $, (29) they’d rather wait and save 5 cents. It’s OK with me, of course. I don’t mind (30) (make) money.”A young man pumping gas was said(31) (wait) in lin e for 20 minutes. When asked why he didn’t go a block away where there were no lines, he said, “Every penny counts. When I bought this ’99 Bummer, gas was only $1 a gallon, which was pretty cheap. So, (32) I only get eight miles per gallon, I wasn’t pa ying that much to fill my tank. But today’s prices are killing me. I drive to work, and I drive to the grocery store. That’s it. I used to drive around the neighborhood just to show off my wheels, but I(33)never do that any more.”(B)People joke that no one in Los Angeles reads; everyone watches TV, rents videos, or goes to the movies. The most popular reading material is comic books, movie magazines, and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic (34) car washes have. But how do you ex-plain this? An annual book festival in west Los Angeles is" sold out year after year. People wait half an hour for a parking space to become available.This outdoor festival, sponsored by(35) newspaper, occurs every April for one weekend. This year's attendance(36) (estimate)at 70,000 on Saturday and 75,000 on Sunday. (34)The festival featured 280 exhibitors. There were about 90 talks given by authors, with an audience question-and-answer period(37) (follow) each talk. Autograph seekers (38) (seek)out more than 150 authors. A food court sold all kinds of popular and ethnic foods, from American hamburgers to Hawaiian shave ice drinks. (39)a $ 7 parking fee, the festival was free. Even so, some people avoided the food court prices by sneaking in their own sandwiches and drinks.People came from all over California. One couple drove down from San Francisco. “This is their sixth year here now. We love it.” said the husband. “It is just fantastic to be in the great outdoors, to be among so many books and authors, and to get some very good deals, too.”The idea for the festival occurred years ago, but nobody knew it would succeed. Although book festivals were already popular in other US cities, would Los Angeles residents embrace one? (35)One of the festival founders said that it all depends as angelinos are very unpredictable.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Echa word can be only be used once.Primarily a farming community, the Amish was attracted to the fertile farmlands in the eastern United States. The largest concentration of Amish today is in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and(41) important groups are in Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada.The Amish are best known for their simple way of life. They are easily recognized by their (42) Clothing. The men wear wide-brimmed black hats, collarless black coats, and black trousers. These homemade clothes are fastened with (43) and eyes instead of with buttons or zippers. Those who are strict (44)of Amish customs do not wear neckties or belts. In fact, anything which is considered to be a part of modern, worldly life is (45) .the men have beards but ni mustaches. Their long hair is parted in the middle and drawn back over their ears.The women’s clothing is black, (46)they wear white prayer caps. They wear hats and long,high-necked dresses, long black coats, and black shoes and stockings. They wear their hair parted in the middle and tied behind in a bun. An Amish woman wears no jewelry of any kind.The Amish have (47) separated themselves from the modern technological world. They prefer to live according to the (48) of their 17th century European ancestors. Often called the Plain People, the Amish live in simple homes without mirrors, pictures, curtains and carpets. Somehow they manage to get along without radios, telephones, and electric lights. They do not own cars, (49) to travel by horse. The Amish are excellent farmers, yet they refused to buy tractors or other modern farm machinery. They work the land with horse-drawn plows.Because the Amish are largely self-sufficient and fairly (50) from other communities, they have resisted social change.III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: for each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a,b,c and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The next great land area that man hopes to control is the moon. In size it is nearly (51) to the area of North and South America. However, it presents a hostile (不友好的) environment. Temperatures (52)+120 to -150 degrees Centigrade (摄氏). There is no air, and no water.Today there are (53) scientific speculation (思索) about living on the moon. When man will begin life on the moon surface is still not (54) . But experts believe that settlement will take place in three steps. First, there will be increasing periods of exploration with temporary (55) . These periods will be followed by longer stays with housing under the surface of the moon and systems necessary to(56) life brought by the colonizers themselves. Finally, colonies that are ecologically and (57) self-supporting will be established.The principal job of the early settlers will be to stay (58) . They will have to bulid shelters to (59)an atmosphere like that of earth. They will have to plant crops under huge domes to produce food and (60)and find water sources. After this is done, the settlers will have time to explore the possibilities of commercial development and to make discoveries important to science.The characteristics of the moon that make it bad for human staying alive may make it (61)for certain kinds of manufacturing. Operations that require a vacuum or extreme cold, are an(62) . Precision ball bearing, industrial diamonds, or certain medicines might be produced on the moon.The most immediate interest in the moon, however, is a scientific one, Geologists can explore the history and composition of the(63) . Meteorologists will have opportunities to forecast weather on earth. Cosmologists can study the origin of the solar system, Astronomers(天文学家) can use their optical telescopes and radio telescopes(64) of atmospheric and man-made distortions. And perhaps at some distant date the moon can serve as a base from which space explorers can travel to other planets in the earth’s solar system and to worlds(65) .51. A superior52. A range53. A sociable B. inevitabledetermined D. resembledmonuments D..housessacrificeeconomicallyC. proteinC .difficultC. executiveC .elseSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several quesitons or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Culturally speaking, America might be called a European colony. No other country whose origins lie in Europe has had so sharp an awareness of its distinction and superiority to the parent cultures. Running through American history, and therefore through American literature, is a double consciousness of Old World modes and New World possibilities. As American , the writer has distributed Europe; as writer, he has envied the riches available to his European Counterpart.In the nineteenth century some immigrants came in order to avoid military service in their homeland. But even so, the snowballing process had for most Americans a deep, almost legendary significance.In the legends, Europe was associated with the Past, with British red-coats at Concord, absentee landlords(不在的地主)，dynastic pride, hunger, poverty, oppression. America, by contrast, was the future: plenty, prosperity, freedom. For much of its history America has been a busy, restless land, more interested in innovation than in conservation(保守). Its people have been highly optimistic, setting great store by the ability of the individual to overcome obstacles. The individual has had a right to expect success. Optimism and pessimismmix unusuallyin American writing;Mark Twain is an obvious example. Or, the individual tends to set himself up in a dramatic relationship to society.Yet although American literature has revealed certain fairly permanent trends, it has not been a still affair. Its tone has changed from decade to decade.66.What does the underlined phrase “the parent cultures” refer to?A. Culture of parentsB. Culture of EuropeC. Culture of BritainD. Culture of America67.What is the American writer’s attitude towards Europe?A. He hates Europe for its conversation, poverty and permission.B. He has no trust in Europe and is also jealous of its riches.C. He envies that all the Europeans are much richer.D. He believes that America is looked down upon.68.What is the main characteristic of the American writing?A. The description of a dramatic relation between the individual and society.B. The optimistic description of the Americans overcoming obstacles.C. The strange combination of optimism and pessimism.D. The ever changing of its characteristic from decade to decade.69.The main idea of this passage is about _____.A. a double consciousness in American literature.B. the European culture’s contribution to America literature.C. optimism and pessimism in America writingD. Americans can always overcome obstacles.（B）As rules, laws are people’s rights and responsibilities toward society. Laws are agreed on by society and made official by governments.Some persons look on laws with fear, hatred, or annoyance. Laws seem to limit people’s freedom to do many things they would like to do. Though laws may prvent us from doing things we wish to do at the moment, laws make everyone’s life safer and more pleasant. Without laws we could not hold on to our property; we could not go to bed at night expecting to wake up in the morning and find that we had not been robbed; no stores in which we buy food, clothes, and other necessities could stay open and sell to us. Our banks would not be safe places to keep our money.Social life would be impossible without laws to control the way people treat one another. It is not the laws that should be feared but the trouble that comes to everyone when laws are broken. Once this is understood, a citizen will not fear or hate the law. Understanding the need for good laws and the evil results of breaking laws is the first requirement of good citizenship and government.Philosophers once believed that in prehistoric time people lived without laws in a “state of nature”. People were free to do as they pleased unless someone stronger stopped them by force. As a result, life became so dangerous and unsafe that leaders had to create laws to protect life and property.This is no longer believed to be true. Scholars now think that as soon as people began living in small groups, they worked out rules for getting along with one other. In time everyone accepted and supported the rules. Manners, customs and beliefs controlled the living habits and behavior of the group. Such rules and habits of life are called folkways.Folkways are probably the real meaning of human laws, as well as of religion, morals, and education. As life became more complex, folkways became more complete guides to living. After thousands of years, some ofthe important folkways were put into writing as the earlier laws. And as life grew more and more complicated with faster transportation and the rise of modern industry and big cities, more human acts and interests had to be ruled by law. This led to a great increase in the number of laws.But we know that unless laws are enforced, they cannot protect us. Poorly enforced laws invite crime and violence. So we agree that the best protection against crime is planned social change and law reform -- to reduce the causes of crime and to encourage people to obey the laws. Such a solution would join a sound system of law enforcement with forces working to prevent crime. To attain this goal, all citizens must understand the need for good laws and for their enforcement.70. Some persons look on laws with fear, hatred, or annoyance, because_____.A. laws and rules are too complicated to understandB. they can’t do whatever they want toC. laws only protect those who worked out themD. they feel it unnecessary to have laws71. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE?A.Without laws we may fail to hold on to our propertyB.Good citizens and government should be aware of the need for good laws and the evilresults of breaking lawsC. In prehistoric time people lived happily without laws in a “state of nature”.D. Human laws, as well as of religion, morals, and education, are believed to originate fromFolkways.sound system of law enforcement is necessary because_____.A. some citizens fear or hate the law.B. the evil results of breaking laws are getting fewer and fewer .C. we need someone stronger to stop crime by force.D. poorly enforced laws cause crime and violence.is the main characteristic of the American writing?A. The description of a dramatic relation between the individual and society.B. The optimistic description of the Americans overcoming obstacles.C. The strange combination of optimism and pessimism.D. The ever changing of its characteristic from decade to decade.74. What’s the best title of this passage?A. The Origin of LawsB. Enforcement of LawsC. Leaders and LawsD. Laws and rules.(C)The contention that the spirit of adventure no longer has any scope for its enterprises seems, at first glance, depressingly true. The highest mountains have been scaled; the deepest seas plumbed. Maps today no longer contain huge blanks marked “Unknown Territory”, more do they make random guesses at the shapes of distant land-masses. All major journeys of exploration to determine the true shape and nature of he globe have been made in the past. It was left to us to fill in the details with expeditions which once would have been considered impossible. The gaps have been filled. What next?The obvious answer, of course, is that now looking upwards into space. Discoveries are being made at such a tremendous rate that even authors of science-fiction are finding it difficult to keep up with them and haveto tax their imagination to invent bigger and better space-craft. Satellites sending signals as they swing round our globe have become commonplace. Astronauts have successfully landed on the moon and its entire surface has been photographed. The information that satellites may provide fueling stations for manned rockets into outer space in the hope of receiving an answer, or that radio-telescopes should “listen into” the skies for possible signals from other worlds, he would have been regarded as either irresponsible or mad. Now, anything seems feasible.From dream like these, we return to earth with a bump. Trips into space are all very well, but they are not for us: we must content with our own, much-traveled world. The earth itself is the training-ground for adventurous spirits. For “adventure” need not mean the seeking out of something new. A person can be called adventurous when he finds out something for himself; and it does not matter how many times the discovery has been made before. No one would say that men who set out now to cross the forbidding Antarctic are less enterprising than their predecessors who tried to do the same thing. The little boy who climbs the small hill that overlooks his own, or even he who tries to climb and fails, has precisely the same spirit taht led Hillary to climb Everest. For the bold spirit and inquiring mind, there are inexhaustible possibilities. So long as there are people willing to rediscover places that are well-known, there will be those who will, one day, set foot on remote and trackless shores.74.What does the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refer to?A. The highest mountainsB. The deepest seas.C. MapsD. Land-masses.75.What can man do now since there was no “Unknown Territory” on earth.A. Fill the gaps in the details with expeditions.B. Explore space.C. Look upwards into space.D. Determine the true shape of the globe.76.Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. The space-crafts that the writers of science fiction have invented are exactly the same size as our modern ones.B. Years ago, a scientist who had expected to receive an answer from the satellites we sent into outer space would be regarded as an mad person.C. Men who set out now to cross the forbidding Antarctic are less enterprising than their predecessors who did the same thing.D. It’s quite common to find satellites sending signals to the earth as they swing around.77.According t o the writer, how can man cultivate “adventurous spirits”?A. By making trips to outer space.B. By inventing bigger and better spacecraft.C. By seeking out something new.D. By finding something out for himself.Section CDirection：Read the passage answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve,and the foreigner who learns a new language--all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have , their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas totry, new challenges to accept．In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may "fail" at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being isessential for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more changesand be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we're shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is we think we are slow to adapt to change or that we're not smart enough to deal with a new challenge?Then we arelikely to take a more passive role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not face or overcome these internal fears and doubt,if we protect ourselves too much, then westop growing. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．78.Based on the two basic ways to view growth mentioned in the passage,“Ja ne won the first prize in the speech competition.”can be regarded as______________________________.79.The process of growth refers to___________________________________,when people come across new experiences and obstacles.80.If someone is keen on learning anything new,he is likely to____________________________.81.________________________________________or too much self-protection may prevent us growing. (Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Ten Words.)第二卷（共47分）Direction：Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.1.有六十多个社会团体将参与本次艺术节，这听起来太棒了。

2015年上海高考英语真题试卷(含答案)

2015年上海高考英语真题试卷(含答案)Gift from a StrangerMy local supermarket is always busy。

When I arrived。

I found a convenient parking space。

However。

I noticed a woman in a blue car circling the lot for a while。

Since I was in a good mood。

I decided to let her have the space。

I then backed into the next available spot。

which was a tight fit.After making my way through the supermarket。

I was back in the fresh air。

Feeling good。

I emptied my purse of change into the hands of a homeless man。

I also helped a struggling woman with her reverse parking.As I approached my car。

I noticed the woman I had given my parking spot to earlier。

She was giving me an unusual look。

appearing both puzzled and intent。

I smiled and wished her a pleasant day as I squeezed back into my car。

As I settled in。

I saw the same woman looking at me through my window。

2015年上海市长宁区高考英语一模试卷

2015年上海市长宁区高考英语一模试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________I、信息匹配(本大题共26小题，共16.0分)Many people underestimate the importance of writing skills．They think that as long as they （25）______ speak and understand the language，they know it．Truth is，we live in the age of internet and smart phones where most of the communication happens in writing．An ability to express ideas （26）______ a clear and literate way has become extremely necessary for work，study and every day life．Do you have trouble（27）______ （express）yourself in written English？Don't worry，even native speakers find it difficult．Here are some tips that will help you improve your English writing skills：1．Read as much as you can．It is the best way（28）______ （learn）sentence structures and build a vocabulary．We will share a writing for you to read on Facebook every week．2．Translate from your native language into English （29）______ vice versa．However，if you write more，you should start thinking in English．You will know you have become fluent （30）______ you no longer need to translate your thoughts．3．Use social media．By posting on Twitter or Facebook，you can get comments and feedback from your peers．It also helps overcome a fear of writing in public．You can always get your writings （31）______ （check）by reviewers at Daily Themes before you share it on other channels．4．Take an online course．There are a few very good free online courses on writing，English composition，and grammar on Cousera，Alison，edX，and Future Learn．You can take courses on these websites，and share your learning by writing on Daily Themes．5．Get a writing coach at Daily Themes．The fastest way to learn is to have someone，（32）______ has already mastered the language，check your writings．Happy writing!1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.【答案】【小题1】can 【小题2】in 【小题3】expressing 【小题4】tolearn 【小题5】and 【小题6】once 【小题7】checked 【小题8】who【解析】25．can．考察情态动词．此空后面为动词原型，分析句子不缺成分，因此填情态动词，再根据句意他们认为只要他们可以说和理解一种语言，他们就学会它了，故填can．26．in．考察介词的固定搭配，分析句子不缺主干，名词前面一般放介词，考察固定搭27．expressing．考查非谓语中的动名词，固定搭配have trouble （in）doing sth，因此，填expressing．28．to learn．考查非谓语中的动词不定式，名词被最高级修饰时，后置定语用动词不定式，因此the best way to do．29．and．考查vice versa，表示反之亦然，文章第五段"Translate from your native language into English （29）and vice versa"是一个省略句，句与句之间需要连词，根据意思，填并列连词and．30．once．根据文章第五段"if you write more，you should start thinking in English．You will know you have become fluent （30）once you no longer need to translate your thoughts"是一个条件状语从句，句与句之间缺连词，根据意思和逻辑关系，故需要填once，一旦．31．checked．考查非谓语中的过去分词，考查搭配get sth done，把某事做一下；故填checked．32．who．根据文章最后一段"The fastest way to learn is to have someone，（32）who has already mastered the language，check your writings"考查定语从句，主句中插入了一个定语从句，先行词是someone，从句缺主语，故填who．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了写作的重要性和提高写作能力的5种技巧：尽量多的阅读，用自己的母语翻译，使用社交媒体发布以得到别人的评论，学习网上课程，得到别人的写作指导．本文难度适中，考点涉及非谓语、冠词、代词、不定式、定语从句，介词的固定搭配和情态动词．需要考生对以上语法以及各类语法都能灵活切换．Children have their own rules in playing games．They seldom need a referee （裁判）and rarely trouble to keep scores．They don't care much about who wins or loses，and it doesn't seem to worry them （33）______ the game is not finished．Yet，they like games that depend a lot on luck，（34）______ their personal abilities cannot be directly compared．They also enjoyed games that move in stages，in which each stage-the choosing of leaders，the picking-up of sides，or the determining of which side shall start-is almost a game in itself．Grown-ups can hardly find children's game exciting，and they often feel puzzled at（35）______ their kids play such simple game again and again．（36）______ ，it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons．He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person，and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid．He becomes a leader when it comes to（37）______ turn．He can be confident，too，in particular games，that it is his place to give orders，to pretend to be dead，to throw a ball actually at someone，or to kiss someone he（38）______ （catch）．It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation （39）______ their control．Everyone knows the rules，and （40）______ （importantly），everyone plays according to the rules．Those rules may be childish，but they make sure that every child has a chance to win．9.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H11.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H12.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H13.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H14.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HE.EF.FG.GH.H16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H 【答案】【小题1】if 【小题2】sothat【小题3】why【小题4】However【小题5】his【小题6】hascaught 【小题7】under【小题8】moreimportantly【解析】33．if．本题考查句子结构．该句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是"____the game is not finished"，主语从句中缺少表达"是否"的引导词；whether 引导主语从句时从句不能是否定句，所以本题不用whether；if 可以引导主语从句，但是不能放在句首；本题从句没有放在句首，所以本题答案用if．34．so that．本题考查的是上下文的逻辑关系．上文讲到"他们的游戏全凭运气"，结果是"他们的能力不能直接比较"，所以本题用so that表示"结果"，引导结果状语从句．35．why．本题考查的是上下文的逻辑关系．上文讲的是"成年人觉得这些游戏根本不令人兴奋"；所以下文讲的是成年人困惑（puzzle）"为什么（why）"孩子们一遍又一遍地玩这种游戏．所以本题用why引导的宾语从句作介词at的宾语．36．However．本题考查的是上下文的逻辑关系．上文讲的是"困惑"，下文讲的是"发现"，所以存在逻辑上的转折关系．however表示转折"然而"，往往有逗号与句子的其它部分分开，所以答案用However，but没有逗号与句子的其它部分分开，所以这里不用but．37．his．本题考查人称代词的选用．该题题干中turn是名词"顺序"，本题中表示"某人的次序"所以在名词turn前加形容词性物主代词，与句子主语he保持一致，所以用his．38．has caught．本题考查动词时态；因为文章讲的是一般情况，所以用于现在相关的时态；句中表示的是"已经捉住"，所以用现在完成时，所以答案是has caught．39．under．本题考查介词搭配．题干中运用了短语"under one's control"表示"在某人的控制下"，所以答案是under．40．more importantly．本题考查副词的比较级．题干中隐含了"everyone plays according to the rules"与"Everyone knows the rules"的比较，表示"遵守规则比知道规则更重要"；所以答案是more importantly．本文分析了孩子们的游戏特征．孩子们的游戏有它们的规则，但不需要裁判，也不需要记分．他们的游戏不在于比较能力，全凭运气．并且他们喜欢一个阶段一个阶段的游戏，子们却乐此不疲．据发现，孩子们玩游戏有一些重要的原因，他们可以成为好的游戏者，不需要考虑自己是否受欢迎；他们会发现自己对他人有用；当孩子们玩游戏时，他们想象一个受自己控制的情景．每个人都知道游戏规则，更重要的是，每个人都遵守游戏规则．那些游戏规则看起来也许孩子气，但是确保了每个孩子都有赢的机会．整体理解文章，关注上下文的逻辑关系和词语搭配．A century ago，American political leaders judged public opinions by people's applause and the size of crowds at meeting．This direct exposure to the people's views did not（41） ______ produce accurate knowledge of public opinions．It did，however，give political （42） ______ leaders in their public support．Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas（43） ______ each other seven times in the summer and autumn of 1858，two years before they became presidential nominees （总统候选人）．Their debates took place before（44） ______ in cornfields and courthouse squares．A century later most presidential debates，although seen by millions，take place before a few reporters and the technicians in television studios．The public's response cannot be（45） ______ firsthand．This distance between leaders and followers is one of the difficult problems of modern democracy．The media provide information to millions of people，but they are not yet so（46） ______ at providing leaders with feedback from the public．Is government by acclamation （欢呼、欢迎） possible when the scale of communication is so large and impersonal？To make up for the（47） ______ in their ability to experience public opinions for themselves，leaders have turned to science，in particular the science of opinion polling （民意调查）．It is no secret that politicians and public officials make（48） ______ use of public-opinion polls to help them decide whether to run for office，what policies to support，how to vote on important issues and types of（49） ______ to make in their campaigns．President Lydon Johnson was famous for carrying the latest Gallup and Roper poll results in his pocket，and it is widely believed that he began to（50） ______ from politics because the polls reported losses in public support．All recent presidents and other major political figures have worked closely with polls．17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.J18.A.AG.GH.HI.I J.J19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J21.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J22.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E23.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J24.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J25.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I J.J26.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.I【小题1】D 【小题2】F 【小题3】C 【小题4】E 【小题5】I【小题6】H 【小题7】K 【小题8】A 【小题9】B 【小题10】J【解析】41-50 DFCEI HKABJ41D．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为副词，只有DG为副词，根据句意，民众的掌声和人数并不一定能真正地反映出公众的观点．只有D符合句意．42 F．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为名词，根据句意，"然而，在获取民众的支持中，它确实给到政界领导人信心"．43 C．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为动词，且为动词过去式的形式，只有C和I，根据句意，林肯和道格拉斯在竞选中辩论了7次．所以选C．44 E．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为名词，根据句意，"在观众面前辩论"，所以选E．45I．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题比较容易出错，考生会误认为firsthand是形容词，然后找个副词来修饰．其实不然，在这里，firsthand是副词，前面be动词后要加动词的过去分词构成被动，根据句意，由于不直接面对观众，所以"民众的反映不可能被直接地感受到"所以选I．其实此题下一段有提示，47题空格后面"in their ability to experience public opinions"，这里出现了"体验民众的观点．46 H．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为形容词，根据句意"新闻媒体在给政界领导人提供民众的反馈信息方面却不是很高效"，所以选H．47K．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为名词，根据句意"为了弥补他们获得民众反馈的这种能力的下降，他们开始求助于民意调查"，所以选K．注意decline 在这里做名词用．48 A．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为形容词，根据句意"政界要员广泛使用民意调查来帮助他们决定…"make extensive use of"充分利用，广泛使用"．所以选A．49 B．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题有一定难度，判断词性为名词的复数形式，只有B为名词的复数形式．types of appeals to make，"所做出的各种的呼吁"make an appeal"呼吁、上诉"50 J．考查词汇在具体语境中的运用．此题判断词性为动词原形，根据句意"他开始从政界退出，因为民意调查报道他的公众支持减少"，所以选J．本文属于政治类短文阅读．主要描述了在政治领域，民众的掌声和人数并不一定能真正地反映出公众的观点．林肯和道格拉斯在竞选中辩论了多次，并通过调查民意的方式来了解民众的心声．本文属于11选10阅读题型．该题型选词填空的选项词义互不关联，词性也不同，而且还有干扰项，一定要先了解文章大意，带着文章脉络去找选项．务必先沉着地把文章读一遍，尤其注意横线前后的位置，为寻找正确选项打下铺垫．通读时要根据首段原则以及首末句原则，迅速抓出文章的主题．判定文章主题对于篇章的整体把握具有很大的积极意义．II、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共3.0分)Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．Radio began as a point-to-point communication device．In 1919，Radio Corporation ofsenders or the recipients pay the fee．The purpose was basically to undercut the telegraph，and they made their money ( 27 ) ，not by providing radio as a ( 28 ) but by selling hardware．In about 1922，radio ( 29 ) into a broadcast mechanism．For broadcasting，in the simple sense，there was a ( 30 ) and it broadcast，and lots of people could hear it．But broadcasting was seen as a way to drive business to the radio hardware makers．The stations were ( 31 ) by people who made radios or ( 32 ) ，by churches and universities that wanted to get their ( 33 ) out but weren't going to make money．And there was a lot of stuff which sounds very ( 34 ) today about how this medium was going to ( 35 ) ．And in the 20s，Radio Broadcast Magazine ( 36 ) a $500prize for the best essay that answered the question："Who is going to pay for broadcasting，and how？"The winner suggested a ( 37 ) on radio listeners．Now，it sounds a little strange to us，but that's actually the British model．The BBC supports itself by a tax on TV and radio sets．There was some discussion about ( 38 ) ，and Herbert Hoover，the Secretary of Commerce then，was strongly against this idea．He said it was ( 39 ) that we should allow so great a possibility for service ( 40 ) by advertising chatter．The Commerce Department was ( 41 ) radio at the time．After the creation of national radio networks then the pressure-advertisers wanted to go on with it，people who owned the radio network wanted to sell ads，and that's how radio developed as an advertising medium．27.A.briefly B.naturally C.basically D.eventually28.A.listener B.service C.broadcaster D.applicant29.A.developed B.extended C.made D.drove30.A.magazine B.platform C.stop D.station31.A.wanted B.made C.sponsored D.sold32.A.in some cases B.in return C.on the contrary D.on the whole33.A.way B.message C.profit D.opinion34.A.critical B.persuasive C.familiar D.greatmunicate B.broadcast C.emerge D.survive36.A.offered B.won C.missed D.abandoned37.A.reward B.tax C.fine D.rent38.A.broadcasting B.advertising C.chattering D.modelling39.A.essential B.inconvenient C.difficult D.unbelievable40.A.sent B.created C.drowned D.suggested41.A.regulating B.producing C.providing D.developing．【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】D 【小题5】C【小题6】A 【小题7】B 【小题8】C 【小题9】D 【小题10】A【小题11】B 【小题12】B 【小题13】D 【小题14】C 【小题15】A【解析】和本句话有个并列连词and，所以对应前半句中的basically，这里也一样．所以答案是C．basically"基本上"，其他选项的含义分别是 A．briefly"简略地"；B．naturally"自然地"；D．eventually"最终"．52．【参考答案】B．考查名词．根据句中的not by providing radio as 和but by selling hardware可知他们挣钱主语要把收音机不是作为一种服务而是一种设备，所以答案是B．service"服务"．其他选项的含义分是 A．listener"听众"；C．broadcaster"广播"； D．applicant"申请人"．53．【参考答案】A．考查动词．根据into a broadcast mechanism可知这句话的意思是收音机发展成了一个广播机制．所以答案是A．developed"发展"；B．extended"延长"；C．made"制造"； D．drove"驱使"．54．【参考答案】D．考查名词．根据55题所在句子中的The stations 可知要广播，就需要有一个电台，所以答案是D．station"电台"．55．【参考答案】C．考查动词．根据上文broadcasting was seen as a way to drive business to the radio hardware makers．可知在当时人们只是把广播看成五金产品的生意，所以没人来投资，因此本句的含义是这些电台是由那些做无线电的人赞助的，所以答案是AC．sponsored"捐赠"．56．【参考答案】A．考查介词短语．根据by people who made radios or 和by churches and universities可知做无线电的人和不以赚钱为目的教堂和大学是并列的关系，所以选A in some cases 表示有时候，在一些情况下．其他选项的含义分别是B．in return"作为回报"； C．on the contrary"正相反"；D．on the whole"整体上"．57．【参考答案】B．考查名词．根据无线电的作用和本句中的get theirout可知无线电就是把信息传递出去的．所以答案是B．message"信息"．58．【参考答案】C．考查形容词．根据And there was a lot of stuff which sounds very 可以看出which sounds very 是定语从句，所以句义是现今，关于无线电的许多东西还是很熟悉的．因此答案是C．familiar"熟悉的"．其他选项的含义分别是 A．critical"批判的"；B．persuasive"有说服力的"；D．great大的．59．【参考答案】D．考查动词．根据下文a $500prize for the best essay that answered the question："Who is going to pay for broadcasting，and how？可知有杂志出钱奖励一篇回答了关于谁来支付广播的文章，所以本句的含义是媒体怎样生存，因此答案是D．survive"幸存，幸免于"．其他选项的含义分别是A．communicate"交流"；B．broadcast"广播"；C．emerge"出现"．60．【参考答案】A．考查动词．根据a $500prize for the best essay that answered the question 可知有杂志提供500美金的奖金奖励一篇回答了关于谁来支付广播的文章所以答案是A．offered"提供"．61．【参考答案】B．考查名词．根据本段最后一句话中出现了tax可知答案是 B．tax"税"．62．【参考答案】B．考查动词．根据最后一段总的都在谈论广告，所以答案是B．advertising"广告"．其他选项的含义分别是 A．broadcasting"广播"；C．chattering"喋喋不休"；D．modelling"模仿"．63．【参考答案】D．考查形容词．上文提到Herbert Hoover持反对意见的，所以对于广告这件事，他觉得是"不可思议"的．根据句意"他说我们竟然允许这么大的可能性让我们的服务被广告所淹没简直太不可思议了！"should表示惊讶的语气，翻译为"竟然"．所以答案是 D．unbelievable"令人难以置信的"．其他选项的含义分别是A．essential"必要的"；B．inconvenient"不方便的"；C．difficult"困难的"．64．【参考答案】C．考查动词的搭配．根据句意"他说我们竟然允许这么大的可能性让那时候正在规范无线电．所以答案是A．regulating"规范"．其他选项的含义分别是B．producing"生产"；C．providing"提供"；D．developing"发展"．本文讲述了在广播发展的初期，收音机不是作为一种服务而是一种设备，电台是由那些做无线电的人赞助的，甚至有杂志出钱奖励一篇回答了关于谁来支付广播的文章，不知道广播的出路在哪里．广告很晚进入收音机，而现在被广告所淹没．考查人文类阅读．在做完型填空是．要通览全文，把握大意通览全文目的是抓住文章的大意，了解全文的结构和基本内容，为下一步正确选择答案奠定基础．有人认为，看一篇满是空白的短文得不到什么信息，倒不如看一句填一空，这样节约时间一些．其实不然．考生只有在通览全文之后，才会成竹在胸，能够更快更准确地找出答案来．抓住第一句，预测下一句．III、阅读理解(本大题共16小题，共12.0分)AThe day began early．An agreement had been made with the little boys the evening before．They were to be allowed to celebrate the Fourth of July，the glorious day，by the blowing of horns exactly at sunrise．But they were to blow them for precisely five minutes only，and no sound of the horns should be heard afterward till the family were downstairs．It was thought that a peace might thus be brought by a short，though crowded，period of noise．The morning came．Even before the morning，at half-past three o'clock，a terrible blast of the horns aroused the whole family．The number of the horns was most remarkable!It was as though every cow in the place had arisen and was blowing through both her own horns!"How many little boys are there？How many have we？"exclaimed Mr．Peterkin，going over their names one by one mechanically thingking he would do it，as he might count imaginary sheep jumping over a fence，to put himself to sleep．The counting could not put him to sleep now，in such a loud noise．And how unexpectedly long the five minutes seemed!Elizabeth Eliza was to take out her watch and give the signal for the end of the five minutes，and the ceasing of the horns．Why did not the signal come？Why didi not Elizabeth Eliza stop them？And certainly it was long before sunrise；there was no dawn to be seen!"We'll not try this plan again，"said Mrs．Peterkin．"If we live to another Fourth，"added Mr．Peterkin，hurrying to the door to inquire into the state of affairs．Alas!Amanda，by mistake，had waked up the little boys an hour too early．And by another mistake the little boys had invited three or four of their friends to spend the night with them．Mrs．Peterkin had given them permission to have the boys for the whole day，and they understood the day as beginning when they went to bed the night before．This accounted for the number of horns．It would have been impossible to hear any explanation；but the five minutes were over，and the horns had ceased，and there remained only the noise of a singular leaping of feet，explained perhaps by a possible pillow-fight，that kept the family below partially awake until the bells and cannon made known the drawning of the glorious day，the sunrise，or"the rising of the sons，"as Mr．Peterkin jokingly called it when they heard the little boys and their friends clattering down the stairs to begin the outside festivities．42.According to the passage，which event happened first ______ ？A.Mr．Peterkin noted how many boys there were．B.The Peterkins were awakened by the boys．C.Elizabeth gave the signal to stop the horns．D.Mr．Peterkin exclaimed how many boys they had．43.What did the7th paragraph talk about ______ ？A.The palce where the boys blew their horns．B.The time when Elizabeth Eliza stopped them．C.The way how the boys blew their horns．D.The reason why more horns were over there．44.The probable main idea of this passage is that ______ ．A.the little boys didn't carry out the agreement thoroughlyB.the little boys didn't see the signal to stop blowing their horns．C.the little boys blew horns to greet the dawn of July4th so early．D.the Peterkins enjoyed children's blowing of the horns on July4th．45.Which question is not answered in the story ______ ？A.When did the horn blowing begin？B.How long ago did the custom start？C.Why did the boys blow the horns in the morning？D.How did the Peterkins feel about the horn blowing？【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】B【解析】66．B．细节理解题．根据第三段"Even before the morning，at half-past three o'clock，a terrible blast of the horns aroused the whole family．"可知，凌晨3点半，全家就被可怕的号角声惊醒．故选B．67．D．段落大意题．根据第七段最后一句的主题句"This accounted for the number of horns．"可知，this为代词，指代上文的内容，句意为"这就解释了这么多号角声的原因"．故选D．68．C．主旨大意题．根据第二段第二句"They were to be allowed to celebrate the Fourth of July，the glorious day，by the blowing of horns exactly at sunrise．"可知，前天晚上就说好，第二天日出时分，孩子们可以用吹号角的方式庆祝国庆节．故选C．69．B．细节理解题．根据第七段第一句"Alas!Amanda，by mistake，had waked up the little boys an hour too early．"可知，吹号角的时间被提前了一小时，回答了A选项when．根据第二段第二句"They were to be allowed to celebrate the Fourth of July，the glorious day，by the blowing of horns exactly at sunrise．"可知，孩子们吹号角庆祝国庆节，回答了C 选项why．根据最后一段…"the rising of the sons，"as Mr．Peterkin jokingly called it…可知，Peterkin先生开玩笑地说，回答了D选项how．只有B选项文中没有提到，故选B．全文大意前天晚上就和小男孩们说好，第二天日出时分，他们可以吹号角五分钟来庆祝国庆节．但是第二天凌晨3点半时，家人就被可怕的号角声惊醒．这号角声惊天动地，就如同每一头牛都起来了，在用它们头上的角吹奏着．Peterkin先生数着羊也无法让自己入睡，起来看看究竟是怎么回事．原来是Amanda提前了一小时把小男孩们叫了起来．另外小男孩们又邀请了三四个朋友在此过夜．全家人一直醒着直到外面的铃声和礼炮声宣告着荣耀之日清晨的来临，太阳的升起．Peterkin先生开玩笑地说："儿子们升起了"．解主旨大意题时可抓住文章的主题句，通常主题句都在文章的开端．BSettling in to life at OxfordWhen you first arrive in Oxford，it may take a little while for you to find your way around．The university is a large organization that is fully integrated into the city and has been evolving for 800years．Some of the first things our students do when they arrive include finding a bike（most students in Oxford find cycling is the best way to go around），setting up a bank account，getting their computer and mobile phone working，finding their department，getting to know their college and working out the best places to socialize．One of the major events you will experience shortly after"coming up"to Oxford is matriculation．Matriculation is held at the University's Sheldonian Theatre and is the ceremony at which you are formally admitted to the university．International students are invited to an orientation day at the start of the academic year．Sessions run throughout the day that will give you practical information about living and studying in UK and introduce you to other graduate students from for all over the world who are starting their studies at Oxford at the same time as you，as well as to current Oxford graduate students and staff who will be able to help and advise you．The day covers topics such as studying and learning in the Oxford system，University services，information on living in Britain and culture differences，as well as addressing practical issues such as employment，immigration and visas，health and safety．You can choose which talks to attend and at the end of the day there is a social hour so you can meet fellow students．Another good thing to experience early on is college dining．Most colleges have a tradition of regular formal hall dinners，which consist of three or four courses，and the atmosphere of an evening out in a nice restaurant．On some of these occasions you can invite people around to your college for dinner and then they may return the favor．In this way，you can get to know people studying your own and other subjects at the same time as visiting many of the historical college grounds and dining halls．Further information on your first few weeks at Oxford is available via the Students Gateway on our website，and you can get first-hand accounts of what life at Oxford is like by watching videos of students talking about their experiences on our Wall of 100Faces．46.Which of the following is not the first thing for a newcomer to Oxford to do ______ ？A.to find a best place to socializeB.to set up a bank accountC.to go to the Sheldonian TheatreD.to get mobile phone working47.When do students feel they are truly admitted to Oxford University ______ ？A.They arrived in Oxford and settled down on campus．B.They received the offer from the admission office．C.They met the staff and took some required courses．D.They experienced the matriculation in the university．48.Which is an orientation important for international students ______ ？A.It is a good chance to ask the staff for help．B.It offers practical information about living and studying．C.It helps get students'computers hooked to the Internet．D.It can help deal with the problem of culture differences．49."return the favor"in the passage probably means ______ ．A.inviting you for dinnerB.visiting your historic college in returnC.sharing favorite videosD.providing you with some good advice．【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】A【解析】70．答案C 推理判断题．第一段的最后一句话Some of the first things our students do when they arrive include finding a bike（most students in Oxford find cycling is the best way to go around），setting up a bank account，getting their computer and mobile phone working，finding their department，getting to know their college and working out the best places to socialize．可以看出，只有C选项是没有包括在内的．所以C选项符合题干要求．故选C项．71．答案D 细节理解题．根据文章第二段最后一句话Matriculation is held at the University's Sheldonian Theatre and is the ceremony at which you are formally admitted tothe university可知，只有当学生经历了录取入学的开学典礼之后，才能够正式被录取．因此，D选项符合要求．72．答案B 细节理解题由第三段Sessions run throughout the day that will give you practical information about living and studying in UK and introduce you to other graduate students from for all over the world who are…，可知，对于国际学生，可以提供住宿和学习信息．因此，B选项符合题干要求．73．答案A 推理判断题根据最后一段提到Most colleges have a tradition of regular formal hall dinners，which consist of three or four courses，and the atmosphere of an evening out in a nice restaurant．On some of these occasions you can invite people around to your college for dinner可知很多大学有自己的学生邀请其他大学学生到自己学校吃饭的传统，所以是要回请，故选A项．本文讲述的是如何在牛津求学及求学的注意事项．社会文化类是英语阅读中常见的题材，掌握该类的英语阅读理解技巧十分重要．主旨大意题在历史文化类文章中是常考的题型．解答这类试题的英语阅读理解技巧：1．读首句抓大意．文化教育类阅读理解文章多采用说明文、议论文体裁，而这类文章大都采用文章段落的中心，即主题句在文章开头．因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句．2．读尾句抓大意．有时这类文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾，作为对全篇的总结．3．读首段抓大意．有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句．这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用两次点题的写作方法．这两个主题句在句子结构和用词上有所不同，而且在内容上前句和后句也不重复．4．从段落中抓大意．有些文章或段落的主题句在文章中，这种文章或段落往往以一句话或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证．5．归纳要点抓大意．有些文章或段落无明显的主题句，只是暗示性地体现主题．这就要求同学们在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或线索来概括总结主旨大意．CWhen a big boat，like a cruise ship，goes through the ocean，it often creates waves．This happens when the large engines on the back of the cruise ship cause the water on the ocean's。

2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(完整精校版)(最新整理)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s. D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of café. B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount No.: 17Service Request: Check the 18Solutions: Send another 19 ( 2 p.m. on 20 )Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special?They are all 21 .Why did they choose to conquer MountTo prove 22 .Kilimanjaro?What did they do in time of difficulty? They persevered, 23 each other.How did they record their adventure?By keeping 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) _____ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _____ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _____ is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accessB. alternativesC. assignedD. confirmedE. conflictingF. elementsG. functionH. innovativeI. prospectiveJ. separateK. supportingConsidering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environment.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies（等级制度）have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）. These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --- the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. Itwon an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long beenconsidered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills（运动技能）; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS) 78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

【精校】2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)英语

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatientB. confusedC. pleasedD. regretful2.A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’sD. at the chemist’s3.A. An actorB. A salesmanC. A translatorD. A writer4.A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7.A. Move to a neat dormitoryB. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9.A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10.A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12.A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13.A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14.A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15.A. 10%B. 12%C. 6%D. 7%16.A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while.(25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in thefresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park(倒车).Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, halfintent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfull y and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.解析：25.考查连词。

2015年上海高考英语真题试卷(含答案)

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _________ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26)________ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) ______ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) ______ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) ______ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) ______ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _________ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) ______ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk artduring several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection o f people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve lea rned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Bӧӧgg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Bӧӧgg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (Paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Bӧӧgg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in history.B. They have lost their value.C. They were related to movies.D. They vary in shape and size.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对,希望最大限度保证准确)考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2。

本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1—12页)和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3。

答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分）I。

Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。

At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。

The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。

1. A。

Impatient。

B。

Confused. C。

Pleased. D. Regretful。

2. A. At a bus stop。

B。

At a laundry。

C。

At the dentist’s。

D. At the chemist’s。

3。

A. An actor. B. A salesman。

C。

A translator。

2015年高考英语真题试卷(上海卷)【答案加解析】

2015年高考英语真题试卷（上海卷）一.完型填空1.(2015·上海）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. ________ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I________ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me ________ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady ________ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This ________ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mothe r's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much________her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.”________(shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. Itwas________ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.2.(2015·上海）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constanturge________ for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea ________ there may be an important tex t. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves________ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptat ion to see ________ is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop________ (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if________ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life ________ (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home,he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,”________ is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so muchtrouble!Sick and Tired Sadie3.(2015·上海）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accessB. alternativesC. designedD. confirmedE. conflictingF. elementsG. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supportingConsidering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They mot ivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or________ , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with ________ to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These ________ solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been ________ by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not ________ to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that________ workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgradedemployees’________ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often________ demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable emplo yees to ________ and their best.All these ________ of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.4.(2015·上海）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning,you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 1 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 2 in people’s lives. The 3 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 4 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 5 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 6 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 7 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 8 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 9 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 10 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling11 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 12 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 13 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 14 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to15 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.1. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise2. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial3. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle4. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created5. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions6. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions7. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall8. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature9. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question10. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand11. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior12. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted13. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals14. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess15. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating二.阅读理解5.(2015·上海）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项.Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of peop le’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don't worry: I've learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.(1)According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A.People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B.People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C.Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D.Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.(2)“The heyday of the snowman” （paragraph 4）means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB.snowmen enjoyed great popularityC.snowmen were politically criticizedD.snowmen caused damaging floods(3)In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A.the start of the paradeB.the coming of a longer summerC.the passing of the winterD.the success of tradesmen(4)What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A.They were appreciated in historyB.They have lost their valueC.They were related to moviesD.They vary in shape and size6.(2015·上海）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项.The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-lengthfeature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with theiramazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won anOscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s anabsolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit havestarted a company to protect the town's vegetables from hungryrabbits. However, just before the annual Giant VegetableCompetition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It isattacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path.The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace andGromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find thewere-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who isdesperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual,the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace,and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge(1)In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A.The introduction to the leading rolesB.The writer’s opinion of actingC.The writer’s comments on the storyD.The background information(2)According to the film review, “monster” （paragraph B）refers to ______.A.a gun-crazy hunterB.a brainy dogC.a scary rabbitD.a giant vegetable(3)Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A.It’s full of wit and humour.B.Its characters show feelings without words.C.It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D.It is about the harmony between man and animals.7.(2015·上海）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项.One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have be en exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespe are scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and usingindividual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many o f the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?(1)According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A.CruelB.SuperiorC.HonorableD.Bade(2)According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A.help executives to understand Shakespeare's plays betterB.give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare's playsC.provide case studies of Shakespeare's plays in literature workshopsD.guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare's plays.(3)Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A.To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B.To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C.To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D.To warn executives against power misuse.(4)It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A.the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C.the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D.Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.(5)The best title for the passage is _____.A.Shakespeare's plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB.Shakespeare's plays: An essential key to business successC.Shakespeare's plays: a lesson for business motivationD.Shakespeare's plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic results8.(2015·上海）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项. Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama （2006）states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth （ages nine to eighteen）increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté （2002）defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment （e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard）. When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. （whether they win or lose）than with the behavior. （having fun）.On the other hand, Ericsson （1993）suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）(1)Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?(2)If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________ 。

2015普陀二模_上海市普陀区2015届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题_Word版含答案

普陀区2015高三二模英语考试卷（考试时间 120分钟试卷满分 150分）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. At the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.2. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.3. A. She expected more people at the party. B. She enjoys entertaining small children.C. She has always enjoyed great popularity.D. She threw a surprise party for her friend.4. A. It is 4:10 now. B. It is 4:20 now. C. It is 4:50 now. D. It is 4:40 now.5. A. Mark was too busy to call the man.B. The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.C. The woman had forgotten Mark’s phone number.D. Mark and the woman hadn’t been in touch for long.6. A. The library is closed on weekends. B. He was not allowed to check out the book.C. He had no idea where the book was.D. He didn’t get the book he needed.7. A. The houses for sale are at high price.B. The man is unwilling to look at the houses on sale.C. The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.D. The housing sellers provide free trips for potential buyers.8. A. The man no longer smokes.B. The man is under pressure from his wife.C. The man usually follows his wife’s advice.D. The man refuses to listen to his doctor’s advice.9. A. The man made a mistake about the date of the appointment.B. The man wants to change the date of the appointment.C. The man is glad he’s got in touch with the doctor.D. The man can’t come for the appointment at 4:15.10. A. The man is worried about his future.B. The two speakers are at a loss what to do now.C. The two speakers will graduate from the college.D. The woman regrets spending her time doing nothing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A professional diver. B. A rescuer on the Golden Gate Bridge.C. A telephone operator.D. A guard on the Golden Gate Bridge.12. A. Someone has fallen off the bridge.B. Someone on the bridge is being attacked.C. Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge.D. Someone on the bridge is attempting to kill himself.13. A. Call the mother to come right away.B. Try to communicate with them first.C. Help them to get out of their misery.D. Remind them that they have children to take care of.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The standards for being fit vary from person to person.B. A healthy lifestyle is a must for being fit.C. We may not know how fit we are without tests.D. Personal goals are more important than needs to decide whether one is fit.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Good ideas often start with really silly questions. Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day. As he stood there making waffles (华夫饼干) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (25)____ his waffle iron. Later, he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at. In fact, every single company turned him down. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman persevered and went on (26)____ (form) his own company, makingNIKE athletic shoes.Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration. When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork (27)____(deliver) across the country the next day. Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible. He sat for a long while (28)____ (wonder) why. Why couldn’t there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one. Smith did just that and turned his design into (29)____ class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. However, Smith was not through. He improved the ideas in that class project and eventually turned (30)____ into one of the first and (31)____ (successful) overnight mail services in the world—FedEx.We know today, of course, that each of these ideas led to an incredibly successful product or service (32)____ has changed the way many of us live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly. Ch ildren aren’t afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are. Think how different the world might be (33)____ people never asked “silly” question!(B)A lot of people in the world today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money—but many of them aren’t happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy,(34)____ ____ they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people wh o have a happy life to find out how they do it. “I (35)____ (study) happiness for over 30 years,” says Csikszentmihalyi. “My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II, when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person (36)____ build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.”In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people don’t waste time, either at work or when they’re free. “Many people feel the time that they spend at work or at school wasted. But often their free time (37)____ (waste) as well. Many people are used to doing passive things—watching television, for example—without (38)____ (use) any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.”But it doesn’t have to be this way. The professor has found that people are happy when they get into (39)____ he calls “flow”. When people get very involved in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challenging, they experience “flow”, a situation (40)____ they don’t notice time passing.People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constantly get into “flow”states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. caseB. experienceC. growingD. dominantE. exclusionF. varietyG. decliningH. remainI. problematicJ. contributionK. shareThe world faces a future of people speaking more than one language, with English no longer seen as likely to become __41__, a British language expert says in a new analysis. “English is likely to __42__ one of the world’s most important languages for the foreseeable future, but its future is more __43__ and complex—than most people appreciate,” language researcher David Graddol said. He sees English as likely to become the “first among equals” rather than having the global field to itself. “Speakers, who only use English, of any __44__ of English—American or British—will __45__ increasing difficulty in employment and political life, and are likely to become confused by many aspects of the society and culture around them,” Graddol said.The __46__ of the world’s population that speaks English as a nati ve language is decreasing, Graddol reported in an issue of the journal Science. The idea of English becoming the world language to the __47__ of others “is past its sell-by date,” Graddol said. Instead, he said, its major __48__ will be in creating generations who use more than one language.A multilingual(使用多种语言的) population is the __49__ in much of the world and is becoming more common in the United States. Indeed, the Census Bureau reported last year that nearly one American in five speaks a language other than English at home, with Spanish leading, and Chinese __50__ rapidly. The diversity of language, in turn, has helped to make English the nation’s official language.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.GM (转基因)crops are debatable. On one hand, some farmers and scientists feel that GM crops can make the world a __51__ place. If bioengineers can create crops that are resistant to insects, __52__, then they won’t have to worry about insects destroying plants. In the __53__ of insect damage, crops can grow to feed the poor and hungry. Genetic engineering can create plants with other desirable properties as well. Plants that don’t require much water, that can live even in times of drought, can help prevent the widespread __54__ that would occur if people have nothing to eat. It’s easy to see why many people believe that GM crops will help the world meet the difficult __55__ that it will face as more and more people need to be fed.But not everyone thinks bioengineering is a good idea. Other people are __56__. They mistrust the claims made and don’t believe that biotechnology is without __57__. The possible dangers include harming the ecosystem—the inter-related community of plants and animals and bacteria that __58__ the Earth. They __59__ that changing plants can harm our environment, anddamage to our surroundings can hurt us. One danger is that GM crops can transfer their characteristics to other plants. Plants that reproduce by spreading their pollen (花粉) in the wind can possibly fertilize wild plants, making them more __60__ to control. Another problem is that GM plants might be a source of allergens(过敏源). This seems __61__, but in the process of making GM foods, genes are transferred that are known to cause problems for some people. Allergic reactions can __62__ from coughing and sneezing to death.Indeed, people hold very different opinions about __63__. While some people look forward to crops that will not rot during the trip to market, others claim that we will ruin our cropland and destroy what we are trying to save. While some people look forward to crops that can __64__ droughts, others claim that contact with GM plants can pollute other crops, making them __65__ for use. For some people, GM crops are the hope of the future; for others, they are a poison that will harm or destroy our farmland.51. A. worse B. better C. less healthy D. more peaceful52. A. in no way B. by all means C. for example D. by contrast53. A. absence B. appearance C. case D. effect54. A. war B. poverty C. starvation D. robbery55. A. challenge B. specification C. standard D. principle56. A. knowledgeable B. supportive C. ignorant D. suspicious57. A. control B. risks C. criteria D. doubts58. A. turn up B. make up C. give up D. take up59. A. ensure B. worry C. deny D. demand60. A. temperate B. difficult C. efficient D. enjoyable61. A. inevitable B. inaccessible C. unavoidable D. unlikely62. A. suffer B. arise C. start D. range63. A. bioengineering B. allergens C. drought D. future64. A. cause B. reduce C. stand D. change65. A. efficient B. expensive C. unfit D. possibleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You carry a 1.3 kg mass of fatty material in your head that controls everything you will ever do. This fantastic control center lets you think, learn, create, and feel emotions. It also controls everything your body does. What is this amazing machine? It’s your brain—a structure so amazing that the famous scientist James Watson called it “the most complex thing we have yet discovered in our universe.”Imagine your kitten jumped onto the kitchen counter, and was about to step onto a hot stove. You would have only seconds to act. In situations like this, your brain reads the signals from youreyes and quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you need to run to save her. Then it tells your muscles to move. No computer can match your brain’s great ability to download, process, and react to the flood of information from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.If a bee lands on your foot, sensory neurons(神经元) in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses motor neurons to send a message back to your foot: Shake the bee off quickly! Motor neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour!Your brain contains about 100 billion tiny cells: neurons—it would take you more than 3,000 years if you tried to count them all. Whenever you dream, laugh, think, see or move, tiny chemical and electrical signals are racing between these neurons along billions of tiny neuron pathways. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain never stops. Countless messages fly around inside it every second, like a super-fast game of table tennis. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the entire world. And although a single neuron generates only a tiny amount of electricity, all your neurons together can generate enough electricity to power a light bulb.66. By “the most complex thing”, James Watson means ______.A. a supercomputerB. the universeC. human brainsD. our emotions67. Which of the following statements is true according to the 2nd and 3rd paragraph?A. Brains can download more information than any computer.B. The kitten plays an important role in testing human brain power.C. Motor neurons in human brains serve to send countless messages.D. Your brains can use neuron s to send messages back faster than bees’.68. The author mentions “to power light bulbs” (Para. 4) to show ______.A. neurons can send lots of messagesB. how many active tiny cells brains containC. how much electricity brains can generateD. there is countless information in the brain69. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Powerful brain is a wonderful machine.B. Brains work well in controlling body movements.C. Brain is the most complex structure in the universe.D. Human brains are composed of numerous neurons.(B)Read the following car rental agreement of Avis and answer the questions.Kindly indicate your return km reading, fuel gauge(计量器) reading, date and time, and return this envelope, with your keys, to the rental counter.Safe Driving in South AfricaDRIVER’S LICENCEWhen driving, you must be in possession of your driver’s licence at all times.SEAT BELTSThe law requires that you wear seat belts at all times.DRIVINGIn South Africa, driving is on the left-hand side of the road.SPEED LIMITSGenerally 60 km/hr in built-up areas, 100 km/hr in rural areas and 120 km/hr on highways. PETROLPetrol is available 24 hours per day. Unleaded (无铅) petrol should be used in Avis cars. Credit cards are not accepted for the payment of petrol.SAFETYFor your own safety, keep your doors locked while driving.LOCK UPShut windows and lock all doors and the boot when leaving the vehicle unattended.V ALUABLESDo not leave personal belongings such as cell phones and valuables in your vehicle. They are not covered by our insurance.TYRESAvis undertakes that on delivery of the vehicle to the driver, the condition of the tyres will be agreeable to the laws and the tyre pressure in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications(说明书) for “normal use”.It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure that both the condition and inflation(膨胀) of the tyres are appropriate throughout the course of the rental.It is the responsibility of the driver to inspect the condition of the tyres at the beginning of the rental and to make adjustments to the tyre pressure to take into account such factors as the numberof passengers, mass of luggage, environment temperatures, speed and road condition.ROAD MAPSMaps of Southern Africa, including city and regional maps, can be found in a copy of the Avis Inbound magazine, in each vehicle or at the Avis Customer Service Center. More extensive area maps are obtainable from the Automobile Association (AA) and South African Tourism.70. The passage is intended for ______.A. car rentersB. traffic policeC. insurance sellersD. automobile mechanics71. The driver should _________ according to the rules about tyres.A. make the tyre condition agreeable to the lawsB. adjust tyre pressure with many factors consideredC. work out the vehicle manufacturer’s specificationsD. be responsible for driving safety and road condition72. What information hasn’t been mentioned in the leaflet?A. The speed limit in different areas.B. The requests of giving cars back to Avis.C. The ways to keep personal possessions safe.D. The instructions to fix flat tyres on the road.(C)Today’s workplace is unique in history. Never before have we seen people working together who represent such different backgrounds and experiences. This difference of age, race, gender, and work style makes it very difficult to organize and run a company.As a result, companies are looking for individuals who can manage a wide range of employees effectively. Increasingly, managers are discovering that age differences among workers are a major cause of concern.This has been an important realization. The management difficulties and challenges have led some experts to study intergenerational differences for an understanding of problems in the workplace. What they have discovered is interesting and may provide ways of improving working conditions in companies that employ individuals from different generations.The first thing to realize, they say, is that differences of opinion about the importance of work and how to get work done are not a coincidence. That is, it is not an accident that young employees will be different from older employees. In fact, if employers do not pay attention to these differences, it is possible that anger will build up between people and lead to difficulties in the company.Resentment (仇恨) between members of different generations, if not attended to, can lead to extreme anger and unhappiness and even lasting enmity if people are not careful. That individuals from different generations should come to view each other as if they were from different sides of warring countries should not be surprising.It is natural for individuals from the same generation to form alliances(联盟), to come together for protection. Different generations represent different experiences in life, and these lead naturally to different opinions about oneself and one’s approaches to work.If you were raised in a time of plenty, when products were readily available and relatively inexpensive, you would believe that prosperity is natural and expectable. If, on the other hand, you were raised in a time of scarcity, you would always be careful not to waste things for fear you would not have enough. You would make angry people who seem to believe that problems will always solve themselves. Such optimism in the face of difficulties would be a source of unhappiness between you and them. It is difficult, in such circumstances, to achieve a happy, agreeable atmosphere in the workplace.73. What most possibly makes it difficult to organize or run a company?A. Employees are in different generations.B. Employees are of different backgrounds.C. Employees work in different styles.D. Employees are in different races.74. Employers should pay attention to ______ if they want to avoid anger between employees.A. the different understanding of problems in the workplaceB. the different views on value of work and working methodsC. the different generations of employees in the workplaceD. the different ways of expressing anger in the company75. The word “enmity” is closet in meaning to ______.A. hatredB. sorrowsC. ignoranceD. forgiveness76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Employees in some companies regard each other as mere enemies.B. Employees’ attitudes towards life are related to the time when they grow up.C. Employees who are raised in a time of scarcity tend to be angry with others.D. Achieving a harmonious atmosphere in the workplace is the main task for employers.77. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?A. Employees should be cooperative and friendly with each other.B. It is difficult for employers to have workers work in a friendly way.C. The weakness of human nature causes the anger between employees.D. The generational differences cause the disharmony among employees.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Dolphins have been declared the world’s second most intelligent creatures after humans, with scientists suggesting they are so bright that they should be treated as “non-human persons”.Studies into dolphin behavior have highlighted how similar their communications are to those of humans and that they are brighter than chimpanzees. These have been backed up by anatomical (解剖学) research showing that dolphin brains have many key features associated with highintelligence. Recently, a series of behavioral studies has suggested that dolphins, especially species such as the bottlenose, whose brains weigh about 5lb, could even be brighter than chimps, which some studies have found can reach the intelligence levels of three-year-old children. The studies show how dolphins have distinct personalities, a strong sense of self and can think about the future.It has also become clear that dolphins are “culture”animals, meaning that new types of behavior can quickly be picked up by one dolphin from another. In one study, Diana Reiss, professor of psychology at Hunter College, City University of New York, showed that bottlenose dolphins could recognize themselves in a mirror and use it to inspect various parts of their bodies, an ability that had been thought limited to humans and great apes. In another, she found that they also had the ability to learn an elementary symbol-based language.Other research has shown dolphins can solve difficult problems, while those living in the wild cooperate in ways that imply complex social structures and a high level of emotions. In one recent case, a dolphin rescued from the wild was taught to tail-walk for three weeks in a dolphinarium (海豚宫) in Australia. After she was released, scientists were astonished to see the trick spreading among wild dolphins who had learnt it from the former captive(被俘的). Such observations have prompted questions about the brain structures of dolphins.Researchers have found that brain size varies hugely from around 7oz for the small species to more than 19lb for the sperm whales, whose brains are the largest on the planet. Human brains, by contrast, range from 21lb-4lb. When it comes to intelligence, however, brain size is less important than its size relative to the body.oz: an ounce in weight (1oz=28g)lb: a pound in weight (1lb=454g=16oz)(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than twelve words.)78. The which in the 2nd paragraph refers to _________.79. What do bottlenose dolphins do to make Diana Reiss believe they are “culture” animals?80. The spreading of tail-walk shows wild dolphins have _________.81. What is the main factor that decides the level of intelligence according to the last paragraph?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、学校里约半数的学生热衷于玩手机游戏。

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2015年高考英语模拟试题上海卷（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。

请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Don't Take the Fun Out of Youth SportsWhen I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said I had lots of potential, and I became captain of my team. That was before all the fun (25)_______(take) out of playing.At first, everyone on the team got equal playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the pressure started. Some parents, who (26)_____(pay) the coach extra (27)_____return for their daughters' private one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time. The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run. We ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble (28) ______（breathe).Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises (29)______ (design) for 18-year-olds.I was thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I thought to (30) _____ that I was afraid of being too full to run. Finally, I ended up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, two of (31)______stopped playing football completely.That's sad because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents.I continued playing football at school and rediscovered my love for it. I joined a private team and the coach told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I calmed down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it is a lot (32)______(easy) to do it well.(B)How to Be a WinnerSteven Redgrave---Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals"In 2012 I was found to have developed lung disease. (33)______ (believe) my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it----the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner (34) ______ _______ _______I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn't difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that hard (35) ______the condition was, I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way."Karen Pickering-Swimming World Champion"I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success − you (36) ____ not bear following a career in any field without being well-organized. List (37) _____ you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you'll be a step closer to achieving them."Kirsten Best-Poet &Writer"When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me I can't achieve something. Then, there are other influencing factors, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate, (38) _____ helps a lot to repeat words s uch as ‘ calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind when I feel tense. It makes me (39)_______( feel) more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is (40)______powerful psychological tool."Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most individuals experience some form of test anxiety when they take an important examination. This anxiety can 41 itself in physical symptoms like nausea or sweaty palms, or in emotional symptoms like panic and irritability. Often, individuals will become nervous long before the exam date because they feel 42 by the amount of material they must master. The first step in 43 this anxiety is realizing that test anxiety is a natural reaction, and that it can be 44 . In order to regain control over anxiety, one should break the exam 45 into smaller sections. It will seem much easier to master a series of small subjects than to handle a huge subject all at once.Test-takers should make a study schedule weeks or months ahead of the exam, and give themselves a small amount to learn each period. When the exam day 46 arrives, anxiety will be reduced by the feeling of preparedness. Apart from that, anxiety can be lessened in a few easy ways. First, avoid having any excessively stimulating foods, such as those 47 caffeine or sugar, on the day of the exam. Getting a good night's sleep and a little bit of exercise will 48 one's brain and allow for easy 49 of the learned material. During the exam, breathe deeply and sit in a comfortable position. On exams where this is possible, many people find comfort in going through and answering all of the easy questions before 50 the more difficult ones.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she ___51___ information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is ___52___ to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to ___53___ exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. ___54___, a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to ___55___ memory is to say that it is a process—a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetition can help to ___56___ the pieces that make up our memory of that information.Memory can be ___57___ affected by a number of things. ___58___ nutrition can affect a person’s ability tostore information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent ___59___ to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person’s ability to notice certain things, thus making it ___60___ to register information in the brain.When people talk about memory, they often ___61___ short-term memory and long-term memory. If you want to call a store or an office that you don’t call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term m emory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. ___62___, you don’t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number, because you already know it. This number is in your long-term memory, which ___63___ information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough ___64___. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not ___65___ the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.51. A. collects B. processes C. publishes D. absorbs52. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. convenient53. A. figure out B. take out C. put out D. give out54. A. After all B. Instead C. By contrast D. Besides55. A. recall B. refresh C. describe D. decrease56. A. lose B. organize C. identify D. strengthen57. A. positively B. negatively C. actively D. directly58. A. Poor B. Adequate C. Special D. Various59. A. benefit B. offence C. effect D. damage60. A. easier B. more impressive C. harder D. more convenient61. A. refer to B. apply for C. come across D. break down62. A. Furthermore B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise63. A. leaks B. transmits C. checks D. stores64. A. in the middle B. at the end C. in the beginning D. ahead of time65. A. restore B. record C. replace D. respondSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids had been identified.Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form into planets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth’s moon.Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico’s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this asteroids’s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.66.Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.67.The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. Formation of rocksB. Disturbance of motionC. Estimation of scientistsD. Influences of size68.What scientists have found implies thatA. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years agoB. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years agoC. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years agoD. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid’s collision with Earth69.Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.(B)70.The Motion Picture Association of America aims to_______A. Conclude box-office data and give reportsB. make full use of bold charts and graphsC. download relative reports from the websitesD. control U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics71.Which of the following is true about the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues?A. The revenues coming from international audiences totaled $8.41 billion in 2005.B. The revenues produces from domestic audiences added up to $25.82 billion in 2009.C. The foreign revenues grew more compared with domestic ticket sales from 2008.D. A film firstly made more than $400 million both at home and abroad in 2009.72.Highlights of the report include the following aspects except______A. the U.S. movie indust ry’s box-office revenuesB. the numbers of the newly released U.S. MoviesC. the status of film lovers’ going to the cinemasD. the U.S. Movie admission to six large studios73.Why does MPAA describe itself as “The V oice and Advocate of the American Motion Picture, Home Video and Television Industries”?A. Because MPAA is an organization with no intention to earn money.B. Because MPAA is made up of all the large studios throughout America.C. Because MPAA devotes itself to working standing for the film industry.D. Because MPAA runs a world-wide web site reflecting the Motion Picture.(C)For age the word has been going around that the dog is the man’s best friend. I agree. A dog can be hardly as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children.But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do without such a friend.Providing for the dog’s needs is so expensive that the animals should be an incom e tax deduction(扣除). There’s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it’s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, before you know it , you’ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don’t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you’ll spend three to five dollars a week. If you own a big, you need a large dog-house. They’re expensive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars’ worth of materials, a weekend’s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one yourself. And these are only the major costs.A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. Consider the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches-slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull? And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren’t the only one to endure sleepless nights; you r neighbors let you know they didn’t sleep either. Policemen are frequent visitors to dog owners’ homes. They inquire about holes reported dug in neighbors’ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don’t really know where Pex was all week. And you remember wondering why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife prove more annoying to man than a dog.Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sides, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, who possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis--shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains, if our best friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we’d soon encouraged them to become astronauts.74.Which statement is NOT true about the dog as man’s best friend?A. A dog will help to watch people.B. A dog will guard your house at night.C. A dog will play with your children.D. A dog will serve as a guide for the hunters.75.In paragraph2, “preventive maintenance” means a measur e to_____.A. keep the dog in the house the whole dayB. invest ten to twenty dollars in female pregnantC. prevent a female dog from becoming pregnantD. provide for the food that dogs eat76.Policemen frequently visit dog owners’ homes because______.A. the police station was destroyed by dogsB. neighbor’s domestics pets were killed or injured.’C. they want to ask about neighbor’s flowersD. they can’t stand sleepless nights any more77.From the last two paragraphs, we can learn that______.A. a dog is not as annoying as a fire-breathing mother-in-lawB.it is more difficult for man to cope with a talkative wife than with a dogC. dog lovers prove to be as cruel as the Russians in the argumentD. a dog is a troublemaker that causes its owner the most annoyance.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The paper is written in an attempt to discuss what the creative process is .Though much theory has accumulated ,little is really known about the power that lies at the bottom of poetic creation. It is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by combing emotions, reason, and intuitions(直觉). But what is the magical synthesis(合成) that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity?John L.Lowes, in his justly famous” The Road to Xanadu,” developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this interesting question. Imaginative creation. He concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds jointly operate. “there is ….the deep well with its chaos(杂乱) of accidently mixing images ,but there is likewise the vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form , and with the vision, the controlling will ,which gives to that potential beauty actuality.”The deep well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas , feelings of the conscious activity. The imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows , silently seeking pattern and form. Finally, the conscious mind again, through will , captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. In this way is unity born out of chaos.Though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel (与….相似)，to some extent ,Lowes’s theory of well , vision , form and will. There are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work.In a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writer’s life. It is the deep well. It is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind. When remembrance of things past reaches the conscious level of the writer’s mind, he is ready to go on with the process. Part of this preparation involves learning a medium---learning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forms. It is important to note here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. Evidence, though not enough, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. It is the vision, according to Lowes, that sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form.(Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than TEN words)78.John L. Lowes has provided an acceptable answer to the question of ______________________.79._________________________are the four elements of John L. Lowes’ theory.80. How does the preparation stage contribute to the development of a creative work?81.According to the passage, what is the relationship between the idea and form.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。

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