摄影测量常用术语中英文对照
数码相机中英文专业术语对照表知识分享
数码相机中英文专业术语对照表数码相机中英文专业术语对照表dedicated cable 专用接线International Press Telecommunications Council 国际新闻电讯委员会compensating the brightness 补光adjusting the color and brightness 调整色彩与亮度available space on the CF card CF卡的可用空间total capacity of the CF card CF卡的总容量compression / low compression/ high compression 压缩率/低压缩率/高压缩率compression rate 压缩比add new hardware wizard 添加新的硬件three R (red), G (green), and B (blue) primary color RGB 3原色(红, 绿, 蓝)RGB primary filter RGB原色滤光镜EOS-dedicated Speedlite EOS专用闪光灯sensitivity (ISO 100…equivalent)感光度(相当于ISO 100…)when sensitivity is set to ISO 100 equivalent 当感光度设定为相当于ISO 100the folder with the highest number 附有最大数字的活页夹+/- 2 stops in 1/2- and 1/3-stop increments 以 1/2 和 1/3 的增量增减 2 个光圈image zone 图像区域color tone/clear color tone (reddish, normal, yellowish) 色调 / 清除色调 (红色、正常、黄色) color temperature 色温color temperature value 色温值light balancing filter 色彩平衡滤光镜color temperature compensation 补色color space 色彩幅度color saturation (low, normal, high) 色彩饱和度(低, 正常, 高)color separation 色彩分离color compensation filter 辅色滤光镜load 加载overwrite 重写active AF point 生效的自动对焦点LCD monitor 液晶显示屏with LCD viewfinder off 液晶显示屏关闭sRGB environments sRGB环境audio recording 录音audio playback 录音播放audio data 声音数据audio file 声音文件[Audio Note] [声音短讯]audio recording mark 录音标记play back sound 播放声音sound icon 声音图标extract 抽取overwrite 重写write 写入enlargement 放大extension扩展名angle adjustment 角度调整confirmation message 确认信息personal white balance 个人白平衡custom white balance 自定义白平衡the image appears grainier 图像显得粗糙rotate image 旋转图像review images 查看图像image management 图像管理image transfer 图像传输lossless compression 无损压缩screen (window/page) (computer) 屏幕(窗口/页面)(计算器)open/display images开启/显示图像during camera warming-up 相机预热期间color property 色彩属性color temperature meter 色温计preferences 喜好设置standard white 标准白色false color 伪色彩image recording quality 图像的记录素质recording image quality 记录的图像素质recording pixel count 记录的像素数目image protection and erase 图像保护与删除image recording format 图像记录格式recording media 记录媒体cloudy 阴天creative zone 创意区域processing 处理processing parameters 处理参数optical viewfinder 光学取景器active AF point indicator 生效的自动对焦点指示灯merge 合并frame框max. speed approx. 3fps (in one-shot AF mode at 1/250 sec. or faster speeds) 最快速度约3fps (在单拍自动对焦模式为1/250秒或最快速度)highest image quality 最佳图像素质replay mode 回放模式playback 播放maximum continuous recording time (movie) 最大连续记录时间(短片)saturation/chroma 饱和度/色度working with images 配合图像工作image playback 图像播放review 查看number of shots 拍摄数目focusing range (from tip of the lens barrel) 对焦范围(由镜头圆筒的前端起)image with shooting information 附有拍摄信息的图像image recording 图像记录shooting modes 拍摄模式image size 图像尺寸focal plane mark 焦平面标记35mm film equivalent 相当于35毫米胶片JPEG quality JPEG素质JPEG format JPEG格式RAW and JPEG simultaneous recording RAW与JPEG同时记录erasing CF card images 删除CF卡的图像reading CF card 读取CF卡CF card writing status CF卡写入状态CF card information CF卡的信息CF card formatting CF卡格式化recording to CF card/the camera is writing 记录到CF卡/相机正在写入color range (color reproduction range) 色彩范围(色彩再现范围)color range characteristics 色彩范围特性colors 颜色compatible/correct CF card 兼容/更正CF卡frequency pattern to be sharpened / target frequency for sharpness adjustment/target freequency patter n for sharpness adjustment 需调节清晰的频率模式/清晰度调节的目标频率picture coverage 图像范围 erasing images 删除图像information exchange tags for press按键的数据交换标识formatting CF card 正在格式化CF卡format CF card 格式化CF卡default setting 默认设定default value 默认值set 设定select first image button 选择第一个图像键select final image button 选择最后一个图像键(light) metering modes/system测光模式/系统supported Operating System 支持工作系统compatible Speedlites 兼容闪光灯compatible battery 兼容电池compatible DC coupler/compatible coupler 兼容直流电连接器/兼容连接器with respect to the effective pixels 对于有效像素daylight 日光tab sheet 列表纸[Remove checkmark] button [删除标记]键autoflash system 自动闪光系统noise reduction for long exposures 用于长时间曝光的减少噪声功能communication 通讯TIFF format TIFF格式TTL auto white balance TTL自动白平衡TTL 3 point AiAF (1 point measurement is possible) TTL三点人工自动对焦(可单点测量) apply 应用digital AF/AE SLR 数码自动对焦/自动曝光单镜反光digital signature 数码签名digital zoom 数码变焦digital terminal 数码端子digital exposure compensation 数码曝光补偿digital exposure compensation amount 数码曝光补偿值transmitting images to or from a CF card (while connecting to a computer) 写入或读取CF的数据(与计算器连接时)Design rule for Camera File system (sRGB-compliant) 相机文件系统的设定守则(兼容sRGB) Design rule for Camera File system, DPOF-compliant 相机文件系统的设定守则(兼容DPOF) format not conforming to Design rule for Camera File system standards 格式不符合相机文件系统的设定守则standard continuous shooting: 标准连续拍摄tungsten (light) 钨丝灯transfer 传输date/time battery 日期/时间电池electronically-controlled focal-plane shutter电子控制焦平面快门TWAIN devices TWAIN设备TWAIN driver-compatible application 兼容TWAIN驱动程序的应用程序register 注册drive system 驱动系统drive mode selection button 驱动模式选择键tone curve 色调曲线tone curve adjustment 色调曲线调整internal memory 内存RAW image data RAW图像数据[Import/Export] folder [输入/输出]活页夹import 输入comment input/type in 说明输入/输入the file format is not recognized 文件格式无法识别highlight alert 强调警告back-up battery 备用电池tungsten light bulb 钨丝灯泡PC connected shooting 连接计算器拍摄skin tone 肤色charge 充电battery mount 电池安装pan-focus 超焦距histogram 直方图shade 阴影display languages 显示语言display 显示appears 出现file numbering 文件编号film-based camera 使用胶卷的相机bordered (print) 有边框(打印)with borders 有边框borderless (print) 无边框(打印)to the edges of the page 至页面的边缘pre-set white balance 预设的白平衡clear protect 清除保护convert to profile 变换为色彩档案save 保存save 保存portrait 人像white balance 白平衡90-degree right rotation button 向右旋转90度键actual lens focal length: 1.6 x of indicated focal length 实际的镜头焦距:显示焦距的1.6倍user-defined tone curve 使用者自定义色调曲线file size 文件大小load 加载load button 加载键four-image index display 四个图像的索引显示indicator 指示灯 linear tone curve adjustment 线形色调曲线调整processing RAW images 处理RAW图像RAW format file RAW图像格式exposure control system 曝光控制系统log on 登录eye position detection by IREDs 通过IRED(红外发光二极管)检测眼球位置IX (Information Exchange) IX(信息交换)Information Exchange 信息交换Information Exchange 信息交换IX240 film IX240胶片IX240 film IX240胶片fully automatic IX240 lens-shutter AF camera 全自动IX240镜头式快门自动对焦相机fully automatic IX240 waterproof lens-shutter AF camera 全自动IX240防水镜头式快门自动对焦相机Image Stabilizer 图像稳定器IC (Integrated Circuit) （Very Large Scale Integration) 集成电路(超大规模集成)cartridge ID number 胶卷盒编号'identification number/ID number 识别号码/ID号码eyepiece 目镜eyepoint(eye reliefとはしない）眼点(眼距)eye-level viewfinder 视平线取景器eye relief 眼距bluish (plus) 蓝色(正补正)to have bluish cast 选择蓝色调reddish (minus) 红色(负补正)red-eye reduction 减轻红眼intermittent firing of flash 闪光灯间歇闪光red-eye reduction lamp 减轻红眼灯red-eye reduction mode button 减轻红眼模式键red-eye reduction 减轻红眼red-eye reduction lamp-on 减轻红眼灯开启red-eye effect 红眼现象red lamp 红灯maximum aperture 最大光圈brighter (increased exposure) 较亮(增加曝光)darker (decreased exposure) 较暗(减低曝光)hot shoe 热靴active AiAF/autofocus 生效的人工智能自动对焦/自动对焦active/passive hybrid dual AiAF 主动/被动混合双AiAF AFD (arc-form drive motor) AFD (弧形马达)aspect ratio 长宽比difference in air pressure 气压的差异Advanced Photo System 先进摄影系统log on with [Administrator] privileges [管理员)登录权限second-curtain flash sync 第二帘幕闪光同步film pressure plate 底片内压簧zoom in 拉近shooting portraits 拍摄人像solar battery 太阳能电池alkaline battery 碱性电池RT (Real Time) mode RT(实时)模式Albada viewfinder Albada式取景器lights dimly 低亮度align 对齐dark current noise 暗电流噪声EE (Electric Eye) EE (电眼)with the Extender EF 1.4X 使用增距镜EF 1.4XEMD (Electromagnetic Diaphragm) EMD(电子光圈叶)monopod 独脚架anomalous partial dispersion glass 反常局部散射玻璃phase 相位ISO film speed ISO胶卷感光度ISO manual setting button ISO手动设置键ISO film speed ISO胶卷感光度ISO +/- increments ISO感光度+/-增量ISO 400 or faster film ISO 400或以上胶卷SLR (single-lens reflex) camera SLR(单镜反光)相机single-point AF 单点自动对焦center-point AF 中央点自动对焦single-point focusing possible 可进行单点自动对焦1.8-inch(monitor) 1.8英吋(监视器)35mm (135) film 35毫米(135)胶片flash for a moment 间闪光maximum aperture (the lowest f/number, such as f/1.4) 最大光圈 (最小 f/值, 如f/1.4) reciprocal of the lens focal length 镜头焦距的倒数single-shot 单拍 single-frame/continuous shooting 单张/连续拍摄frame 1 exposed, winding to frame 2 第一张曝光, 卷片至第二张pincushion distortion 枕形畸变phase detection method 相位差检测方法E-TTL/A-TTL/TTL autoflash E-TTL/A-TTL/TTL自动闪光compatible with E-TTL autoflash 兼容E-TTL自动闪光EV (Exposure Value) EV(曝光值)programmed image control zone 程序图像控制区域achromatism 消色差性color reproduction 色彩再现chromatic aberration 色差axial chromatic aberration 轴向色差lateral chromatic aberration 横向色差imprinting 打印imprinting color 打印色彩index print 索引打印information (Info.) display 信息(Info.)显示imprinting position 打印位置imprinting confirmation 打印确认data imprinting 日期打印imprinted data 打印数据imprinted data 打印数据blank./No data imprinted. 空白/不打印数据imprint color 打印色彩imprint 打印subject brightness 主体亮度backprinting 背面打印AiAF/autofocus 人工智能自动对焦/自动对焦AI Servo AF 人工智能动体预测自动对焦。
摄影测量专业词汇(中英对照)
测绘学||geomatics, surveying and mapping, SM; 研究与地球有关的基础空间信息的采集、处理、显示、管理、利用的科学与技术。
中华人民共和国测绘法||Surveying and Mapping Law of the People's Republic of China; 我国关于测绘的基本法律，是从事测绘活动和进行测绘管理的基本准则和基本依据。
测绘标准||standards of surveying and mapping; 由主管部门颁发的关于测绘技术方法、产品质量、品种规格、地图表示等统一规定的技术文件。
测量规范||specifications of surveys; 对测量产品的质量、规格以及测量作业中的技术事项所作的统一规定。
地形图图式||topographic map symbols; 对地图上地物、地貌符号的样式、规格、颜色、使用以及地图注记和图廓整饰等所作的统一规定。
大地测量学||geodesy; 研究和确定地球的形状、大小、重力场、整体与局部运动和地表面点的几何位置以及它们的变化的理论和技术的学科。
地球形状||earth, shape, figure of the earth; 地球自然表面的形状或大地水准面的形状。
重力基准||gravity datum; 重力的起算值和尺度因子。
重力场||gravity field; 地球重力作用的空间。
在该空间中，每一点都有惟一的一个重力矢量与之相对应。
地心坐标系||geocentric coordinate system; 以地球质心或几何中心为原点的坐标系。
地球椭球||earth ellipsoid; 近似表示地球的形状和大小，并且其表面为等位面的旋转椭球。
大地原点||geodetic origin; 大地坐标的起算点。
水准原点||leveling origin; 高程起算的基准点。
测量标志||survey mark; 标定地面测量控制点位置的标石、觇标以及其他用于测量的标记物的通称。
摄影仪器专业术语中英文对照1
摄影仪器专业术语中英文对照1第一篇：摄影仪器专业术语中英文对照1Aberration像差Accessory附件Accessory Shoes附件插座、热靴Achromatic消色差的Active 主动的、有源的Acutance锐度Acute-matte磨砂毛玻璃Adapter适配器Advance system输片系统AE Lock(AEL)自动曝光锁定AF(Autofocus)自动聚焦AF IlluminatorAF照明器AF spotbeam projectorAF照明器Alkaline碱性Ambient light 环境光Amplification factor放大倍率Angle finder弯角取景器Angle of view视角Anti-Red-eye防红眼Aperture光圈Aperture priority光圈优先APO(APOchromat)复消色差APZ(Advanced Programzoom)高级程序变焦Arc弧形ASA(American Standards Association)美国标准协会Astigmatism像散Auto bracket自动包围Auto composition自动构图Auto exposure自动曝光Auto exposure bracketing自动包围曝光Auto film advance自动进片Auto flash自动闪光Auto loading自动装片Auto multi-program自动多程序Auto rewind自动退片Auto wind自动卷片Auto zoom自动变焦Automatic exposure(AE)自动曝光Automation自动化Auxiliary 辅助的Back机背Back light逆光、背光Back light compensation逆光补偿Background背景Balance contrast反差平衡Bar code system条形码系统Barrel distortion桶形畸变BAse-Stored Image Sensor(BASIS)基存储影像传感器Battery check电池检测Battery holder电池手柄Bayonet卡口Bellows皮腔Blue filter蓝色滤光镜Body-integral 机身一体化Bridge camera桥梁相机Brightness control亮度控制Built in内置BulbB 门Button按钮Cable release快门线Camera照相机Camera shake相机抖动Cap盖子Caption贺辞、祝辞、字幕Card卡Cartridges暗盒Case机套CCD(Charge CoupledDevice)电荷耦合器件CdS cell硫化镉元件Center spot中空滤光镜Center weighted averaging中央重点加权平均Chromatic Aberration色差Circle of confusion弥散圆Close-up近摄Coated镀膜Compact camera袖珍相机Composition构图Compound lens复合透镜Computer计算机Contact触点Continuous advance连续进片Continuous autofocus连续自动聚焦Contrast反差、对比Convetor转换器Coreless无线圈Correction校正Coupler耦合器Coverage覆盖范围CPU(Central ProcessingUnit)中央处理器Creative expansion card艺术创作软件卡Cross交叉Curtain帘幕Customized function用户自选功能Data back数据机背Data panel数据面板Dedicated flash专用闪光灯Definition清晰度Delay 延迟、延时Depth of field景深Depth of field preview景深预测Detection检测Diaphragm光阑Diffuse柔光Diffusers柔光镜DIN(Deutsche Industrische Normen)德国工业标准Diopter屈光度Dispersion色散Display显示Distortion畸变Double exposure双重曝光Double ring zoom双环式变焦镜头Dreams filter梦幻滤光镜Drive mode驱动方式Duration of flash闪光持续时间DX-codeDX编码ED(Extra low Dispersion)超低色散Electro selectivepattern(ESP)电子选择模式EOS(Electronic OpticalSystem)电子光学系统Ergonomic人体工程学EV(Exposure value)曝光值Evaluative metering综合评价测光Expert专家、专业Exposure 曝光Exposure adjustment曝光调整Exposure compensation曝光补偿Exposure memory曝光记忆Exposure mode曝光方式Exposure value(EV)曝光值Extension tube近摄接圈Extension ring近摄接圈External metering外测光Extra wide angle lens超广角镜头Eye-level fixed眼平固定Eye-start眼启动Eyepiece目镜Eyesight correction lenses视力校正镜Field curvature像场弯曲Fill in填充(式)Film胶卷(片)Film speed胶卷感光度Film transport 输片、过片Filter滤光镜Finder取景器First curtain前帘、第一帘幕Fish eye lens鱼眼镜头Flare耀斑、眩光Flash闪光灯、闪光Flash range闪光范围Flash ready闪光灯充电完毕Flexible program 柔性程序Focal length焦距Focal plane焦点平面Focus焦点Focus area聚焦区域Focus hold焦点锁定Focus lock焦点锁定Focus prediction焦点预测Focus priority焦点优先Focus screen聚焦屏Focus tracking焦点跟踪Focusing聚焦、对焦、调焦Focusing stages聚焦级数Fog filter雾化滤光镜Foreground前景Frame张数、帧Freeze冻结、凝固Fresnel lens菲涅尔透镜、环状透镜Frontground前景Fuzzy logic模糊逻辑Glare眩光GN(Guide Number)闪光指数GPD(Gallium Photo Diode)稼光电二极管Graduated渐变Half frame半幅Halfway半程Hand grip手柄High eye point远视点、高眼点High key高调Highlight高光、高亮Highlight control高光控制High speed高速Honeycomb metering蜂巢式测光Horizontal水平Hot shoe热靴、附件插座Hybrid camera混合相机Hyper manual超手动Hyper program超程序Hyperfocal超焦距IC(Integrated Circuit)集成电路Illumination angle照明角度Illuminator照明器Image control影像控制Image size lock影像放大倍率锁定Infinity无限远、无穷远Infra-red(IR)红外线Instant return瞬回式Integrated集成Intelligence智能化Intelligent power zoom智能化电动变焦Interactive function交互式功能Interchangeable可更换Internal focusing内调焦Interval shooting间隔拍摄ISO(International Standard Association)国际标准化组织JIS(Japanese IndustrialStandards)日本工业标准Landscape风景Latitude宽容度LCD data panelLCD数据面板LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)液晶显示LED(Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管Lens镜头、透镜Lens cap镜头盖Lens hood镜头遮光罩Lens release镜头释放钮Lithium battery锂电池Lock闭锁、锁定Low key低调Low light低亮度、低光LSI(Large Scale Integrated)大规模集成Macro微距、巨像Magnification放大倍率Main switch主开关Manual手动Manual exposure手动曝光Manual focusing手动聚焦Matrixmetering矩阵式测光Maximum最大Metered manual测光手动Metering测光Micro prism微棱Minimum最小Mirage倒影镜Mirror反光镜Mirror box反光镜箱Mirror lens折反射镜头Module模块Monitor监视、监视器Monopod独脚架Motor电动机、马达Mount卡口MTF(Modulation Transfer Function调制传递函数Multi beam 多束Multi control多重控制Multi-dimensional多维Multi-exposure多重曝光Multi-image多重影Multi-mode多模式Multi-pattern多区、多分区、多模式Multi-program多程序Multi sensor多传感器、多感光元件Multi spot metering多点测光Multi task 多任务Negative负片Neutral中性Neutral density filter中灰密度滤光镜Ni-Cd battery镍铬(可充电)电池Off camera离机Off center偏离中心OTF(Off The Film)偏离胶卷平面One ring zoom单环式变焦镜头One touch单环式Orange filter橙色滤光镜Over exposure曝光过度Panning摇拍Panorama全景Parallel平行Parallax平行视差Partial metering局部测光Passive被动的、无源的Pastels filter水粉滤光镜PC(Perspective Control)透视控制Pentaprism五棱镜Perspective透视的Phase detection相位检测Photography摄影Pincushion distortion枕形畸变Plane of focus焦点平面Point of view视点Polarizing偏振、偏光Polarizer偏振镜Portrait人像、肖像Power电源、功率、电动Power focus电动聚焦Power zoom电动变焦Predictive预测Predictive focus control预测焦点控制Preflash预闪Professional专业的Program程序Program back程序机背Program flash程序闪光Program reset 程序复位Program shift程序偏移Programmed Image Control(PIC)程序化影像控制Quartz data back石英数据机背Rainbows filter彩虹滤光镜Range finder测距取景器Release priority释放优先Rear curtain后帘Reciprocity failure倒易律失效Reciprocity Law倒易律Recompose重新构图Red eye红眼Red eye reduction红眼减少Reflector反射器、反光板Reflex反光Remote control terminal快门线插孔Remote cord遥控线、快门线Resolution分辨率Reversal films反转胶片Rewind退卷Ring flash环形闪光灯ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器Rotating zoom旋转式变焦镜头RTF(Retractable TTL Flash)可收缩TTL闪光灯Second curtain 后帘、第二帘幕Secondary ImagedRegistration(SIR)辅助影像重合Segment段、区Selection选择Self-timer自拍机Sensitivity灵敏度Sensitivity range灵敏度范围Sensor传感器Separator lens分离镜片Sepia filter褐色滤光镜Sequence zoom shooting顺序变焦拍摄Sequential shoot顺序拍摄Servo autofocus伺服自动聚焦Setting设置Shadow阴影、暗位Shadow control阴影控制Sharpness清晰度Shift偏移、移动Shutter快门Shutter curtain快门帘幕Shutter priority快门优先Shutter release快门释放Shutter speed快门速度Shutter speed priority快门速度优先Silhouette剪影Single frame advance单张进片Single shot autofocus单次自动聚焦Skylight filter天光滤光镜Slide film幻灯胶片Slow speed synchronization 慢速同步SLD(Super LowerDispersion)超低色散SLR(Single Lens Reflex)单镜头反光照相机SMC(Super Multi Coated)超级多层镀膜Soft focus柔焦、柔光SP(Super Performance)超级性能SPC(Silicon Photo Cell)硅光电池SPD(Silicon Photo Dioxide)硅光电二极管Speedlight闪光灯、闪光管Split image裂像Sport体育、运动Spot metering点测光Standard标准Standard lens标准镜头Starburst星光镜Stop档Synchronization同步Tele converter增距镜、望远变换器T elephoto lens长焦距镜头Trailing-shutter curtain后帘同步Trap focus陷阱聚焦Tripod三脚架TS(Tilt and Shift)倾斜及偏移TTL flashTTL闪光TTL flash meteringTTL闪光测光TTL(Through The Lens)通过镜头、镜后Two touch双环UD(Ultra-low Dispersion)超低色散Ultra wide超阔、超广Ultrasonic超声波UV(Ultra-Violet)紫外线Under exposure曝光不足Vari-colour变色Var-program变程序Variable speed变速Vertical垂直Vertical traverse纵走式View finder取景器Warm tone暖色调Wide angle lens广角镜头Wide view广角预视、宽区预视Wildlife野生动物Wireless remote无线遥控World time世界时间X-syncX-同步Zoom变焦Zoom lens变焦镜头Zoom clip变焦剪裁Zoom effect变焦效果第二篇：仪器中英文对照仪器中文名称仪器英文名称英文缩写坐标机Coordinate Measuring Machine CMM 光学测量机械Optical Measuring Machine OMM 投影仪 Profile projector 高度规 Height gaugeHG 圆柱塞规 Plug gaugePG工具显微镜toolmakers Microscope 放大镜Magnifying glass 扫描仪Light Spot Scanner 色差机Color-difference meters光泽机gloss meter 平台（大理石平台）Surface plates 精密比重计proportion meter 扭力校正仪torque meter多功能长度校正器multi-functional length calibrator 雷射测高仪Laser altimeter instrument 硬度测试笔pencil a durometer 熔融指数测试仪melt flow indexers温湿度记录仪Hybrid recorder（multipoint type recorder）安培小时Ampere hour 电热恒温水槽Electric thermostat sink 导电度仪Electrolytic conductance meter拉力压力万能试验机Universal tension and compression testing machine二次元影像测量仪Projectors 手提式盐度计Salinity of hand-held 深度规Depth gages厚度规thickness meters 量表Scale 玻璃光学尺Glass optical device 标准光泽板Standard shiny plate Z轴设定器Z-axis set meter3D测定器3D-Determination meters 平台.Platform 铅笔硬度计Pencil hardness testers 百格刀Hundred grid knife RCA试验机RCA testing machine R角规R meters直角尺Rectangular device照度计luminance meter 电子称Electronics Weighing 酸度计Acidity meter 推拉力计push and pull meter 环境实验设备温度,湿度 Equipment of the environmental testing for temperature and humidity 高斯机Gauss meter 微量欧姆计Micro-ohms of Meters 网络分析仪Network Analyzer 激光尘埃粒子计数器laser Airbome Particle counter 炉温追踪记录器Datapaq easy track冲击试验机Measuring Instrument for Shock 摆锤式冲击试验机Pendulum Impact Testing Machine 拉伸试验机Tensile testing machine 标准光源箱Standard light box 阶梯规ladder Machine 多功能转速测试仪盐水喷雾试验机橡胶硬度机弹簧耐久试验机Spring durability testing machine 电镀层膜厚测定仪手机翻盖寿命试验机塞尺（厚薄规）烤箱红外线测温仪摩擦试验机测力计电阻测试仪风速仪数显千分尺pH计水质分析仪电子显微镜光学显微镜金相显微镜粘度计金属/材料元素分析仪X射线荧光光谱仪电子水平仪螺纹千分尺百分表游标卡尺带表卡尺电子数显卡尺深度标游卡尺电子数显深度卡尺带表高度卡尺高度游标卡尺电子数显高度卡尺万用表数字温度计Speed-testerSalt water spray test machine The hardness of rubberCoating thickness MeasurerClamshell phones life testing machine Feeler gauge ovenInfrared thermometer Friction Testing Machine Dynamometers Resistance meterAnemometerDigital MicrometerViscometerMetal/material elemental analysisXRF Electronic level meter Screw thread micrometer Bore gaugeVernier caliper Dial caliperCalliper with electronic digital display Depth Vernier caliper Depth caliper with electronic digital display Dial heightCalliper Height Vernier CaliperHeight caliper with electronic digital display VolometerDigital thermometerpH MetersWater Test KitsElectro MicroscopyOptical MicroscopyMetallurgical MicroscopyX-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer温湿度计Humidity Sensor 热电偶测温仪Thermocouple涂层测厚仪Coating thickness Measurer 水平尺Level Ruler 块规Gauge block 环规Ring gauge 螺纹规Thread gauge半径规Radius gauge 表面粗糙测量仪surface roughness tester 硬度测量仪Hardness tester 秒表stopwatch 立体显微镜stereomicroscope 万能角度尺universal bevel protractors一般术语：1.几何量 geometrical product2.量值value(of a quantity)3.真值true value(of a quantity)4.约定真值 conventional true value(of a quantity)5.单位unit(of measurement)6.测量measurement7.测试measurement and test8.检验inspecte9.静态测量staticmeasurement 10.动态测量dynamic measurement 11.测量原理principle of measurement 12.测量方法method of measurement 13.测量程序measurement procedure 14.被测量measurand 15.影响量influence quantity 16.变换值transformed value(of a measurand)17.测量信号measurement signal 18.直接测量法direct method of measurement 19.间接测量法indirect method of measurement 20.定义测量法definitive method of measurement 21.直接比较测量法direct-comparison method of measurement 22.替代测量法substitution method of measurement 23.微差测量法differential method of measurement 24.零位测量法nulll method of measurement 25.测量结果result of a measurement 26.测得值measured value 27.实际值actual value 28.未修正结果uncorrected result（of a measurement）29.已修正结果corrected result(of a measurement)30.测量的准确度accuracy of measurement 31.测量的重复性repeatability of measurement 32.测量复现性reproducibility of measurements 33.实验标准偏差experimental standard deviation 34.测量不确定度uncertainty of measurement 35.测量绝对误差absolute error of measurement 36.相对误差relative error 37.随机误差random error 38.系统误差systematic error 39.修正值correction 40.修正系数correction factor 41.人员误差personal error 42.环境误差environmental error 43.方法误差error of method 44.调整误差adjustment error 45.读数误差reading error 46.视差parallax error 47.估读误差 interpolation error 48.粗大误差parasitic error 49.检定verification 50.校准calibration 51.调准gauging 52.调整adjustment 53．准确度accuracy of a measuring instruments 54.准确度等级accuracy class 55.重复性repeatability of a measuring instrument 56.示值变动性varation of indication 57.稳定度stability 58.可靠性reliability 59.回程hysteresis 60.漂移drift 61.响应时间response time 62.测量力（简称“测力”）measuring force校准 calibration ：规定条件下，为确立测量仪器仪表或测量系统的示值或实物量具所体现的值与被测量相对应的已知值之间关系的操作。
摄影英汉词汇
摄影英汉词汇abaxial 【光】离中心光轴ABBE number 雅比数值，即相对色散倒数aberration change 析光差变化﹝因设计及应用光圈产生之光差变化﹞aberrations 【光】析光差abrasion marks ﹝底片﹞花痕abrasive reducer 局部减薄剂absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收性能absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption filter = frequency filter色谱滤片AC = alternating current交流电AC coupler 交流电耦合器accelerator 促进剂accessories 配件accessory shoe 配件插座accumulator 储电器acetate base 醋酸片基acetate film 醋酸质胶片或菲林acetate filter 醋酸质滤光片acetic acid 【化】醋酸﹝用于停影、定影、漂白及过调药﹞，亦乙酸acetic acid, glacial 【化】冰醋酸﹝即结晶如冰状的醋酸，用于急制及定影药﹞acetone 【化】丙酮﹝有机溶剂，配用于不溶于水的化学物﹞achromat = achromatic lens消色差镜头achromatic 【光】消色差的achromatic lens 消色差镜头acid 【化】酸acid fixer 酸性定影药acid rinse 酸漂acoustic 音响学，音响学的actinic 光化的，由光产生的化学变化action grip 快速手柄Action Photography 动态摄影acutance 明锐度，常指底片结像adapter 转接器adapter cable 转接导线adapter ring 转接环additive color printing method 加色法彩色放相技巧﹝参阅附表﹞additive synthesis【光】原色混合﹝原色包括红、绿、蓝色，三色相加产生白色，红绿产生黄色，红蓝产生洋红，绿蓝产生青靛色﹞adhesive tape 胶纸advance lever advance leveraerial camera 空中摄影机，或称遥感摄影机aerial film 空中摄影菲林，或称遥感摄影菲林aerial image 空间凝象﹝指凝聚在焦点平面位置的影像﹞aerial oxidation 氧化﹝指与空气接触的氧化﹞aerial perspective 透视感﹝由气层产生远物模糊的透视现像﹞Aerial Photography 空中摄影，或称遥感摄影aerial survey lens空中测量镜头，应用于在空中测量地面，取景角度达120度，光圈多数固定于f5.6afocal lens 改焦镜头ageing 成熟过程 1. 使感光物体成熟的过程 2. 光学玻璃性能变为稳定所需的过程agitate 搅动agitation 搅动过程air brush 喷笔，执底或执相之用air lens 空气镜片﹝指镜片与镜片之空间，其作用如镜片﹞aircraft camera 航空摄影机album 相簿albumen 蛋白albumen pager 蛋白相纸，以蛋白作为乳化剂的相纸albumen print 蛋白相片，以蛋白相纸放成的作品albumin 蛋白质alcohol 酒精alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alkali 【化】碱alkali earth 【化】碱土﹝例如钡barium，钙calcium﹞alkali metal 【化】碱金属﹝例如锂lithium，钠sodium﹞Alpine Photography 山景摄影alternating current 交流电amateur 业余amateur photographer 业余摄影师amber 琥珀色Ambrotype 火棉胶正摄影法﹝参阅附表﹞American National Standard Institute美国国家标准学会，ANSI是感光度单位之一American Standards Association 1. 美国标准协会2. ASA是感光度单位之一amidol 【化】二氨基酚，苯系化合物，俗称克美力，显影剂之一ammonium bichromate 【化】重铬酸铵，感光剂之一ammonium bifluoride 【化】氟化氢铵，用于使感光膜脱离玻璃片基ammonium carbonate 【化】碳酸铵，用于暖调显影药ammonium choloride 【化】氯化铵，用于漂白，过调药及感光剂ammonium persulphate 【化】过硫酸铵，显影剂之一ammonium sulphocyanate 【化】= ammoniumthiocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药ammonium thiocyanate 【化】= ammoniumsulphocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药Amphitype 正负双性相片amplifier 扩大器anamorphic process 变形拍摄方法anamorphotic lens 变形镜头，可将影像高度或阔度压缩或扩展anastigmat 消像散的anastigmat lens 消像散镜头angle coverage ﹝镜头﹞取景角度angle finder 量角器angle of gaze 凝视角﹝人类视角通常是120度，当集中注意力时约为五分之一，即25度﹞angle of incidence 【光】入射角angle of lens 镜头涵角angle of reflection 【光】反射角angle of refraction 【光】折射角angle of shooting 拍摄角度angle of view 观景角度Angstrom 〈埃〉长度单位=10-10公尺anhydrous 无水的animation 动画Animation Photography 动画摄影animation stand 动画台annealing【光】热炼﹝制玻璃﹞法﹝这个方法是把玻璃在350至600度的电焗炉焗很长的时间，可减低制镜是时产生的扭曲﹞ANSI 1. American National Standard Institute﹝美国国家标准学会﹞2. 美国国家标准学会订出的感光度单位之一anti-fogging agent 防雾化剂anti-halation backing 防晕光底层anti-reflection coating 防反光膜anti-static wetting agent 消静电湿润剂anti-vignetting filter 消除黑角滤片aperture 光圈aperture display 光圈显示aperture needle 圈指针aperture ring 光圈环aperture scale 光圈刻度apochromatic 【光】复消色差Applied Photography 应用摄影arabic gum 阿拉伯树胶arc lamp 弧光灯Architectural Photography 建筑摄影area masking 局部加网area metering 区域测光artificial light 人造光源ASA1. American Standards Association﹝美国标准协会﹞ 2. 感光度单位之一ASA setting device 感光度调校器asphalt 沥青aspherical lens 非球面镜头astigmatism 【光】像散，结像松散现像Astrophotography 天文摄影attachment 附加器audio 听觉性audio visual 视听auto = automatic自动的简称automatic 自动化automatic loading loading> 自动上片automatic bellows 自动近摄皮腔，自动回校光圈的近摄皮腔automatic camera 自动化相机automatic extension tube 自动延长管，自动回校光圈的延长管automatic flash 自动闪灯automatic focusing 自动对焦automatic rewinding 自动回卷automatic shooting range 自动拍摄范围automatic tray siphon 自动虹吸器，用于冲盆automatic winding 自动卷片auxiliary lens 附加镜头available light 现场光average gradient 平均倾斜率，平均梯度average metering 平均测光axial 【光】光轴back focal distance 【光】后焦距﹝指镜头与菲林间的距离﹞back projection 后方投影background 背景backlighting 背光bar chart 棒形测试图bar static 线形静电纹﹝因拉开过度卷紧菲林时产生的现象﹞barn doors 遮光掩门barrel distortion 【光】桶形变形﹝影像四边线条呈外弯线变形﹞bas-relief 浮雕，黑房特技之一base 片基batch number 分批编号battery 电池battery charger 电池充电器battery charger 电池充电器battery pack 电池箱bayonet mount 刀环，镜头接环之一BCPS =beam candlepower second光束烛光秒bead static 珠形静电纹，亦称pearl static，在冲洗未完成前，用手拉擦过而产生的现象beam splitter 分光器bellows 皮腔bellows extension 皮腔延长度，多指近摄benzene 【化】苯benzotriazole 【化】苯并三唑﹝用于防雾化剂﹞between-the-lens-shutter 镜间快门bi-convex 【光】双凸镜片bi-prism 双棱镜bi-prism focusing 双棱镜对焦bichromated albumen process 重铬酸盐蛋白蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞binocular vision 视觉三维效果birefringence =double refraction双重折射，因镜片结构缺点产生重复折射现象bitumen 沥青bitumen grain process 沥青微粒蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞Black & White Photography 黑白摄影black filter 透紫外光滤片，只让紫外光透过的滤片black light 紫外光灯的俗称black opaqueopague 黑丹，修饰底片颜料bladed shutter 片闸式快门blank 【光】粗模，制镜过程中，经rough shaping粗铸而成的镜片=dummyfilter空白滤光片，作为对焦等操作的预备，使应用滤镜拍摄时不会产生误差bleach 漂白药bleach-fix 漂定bleach-out process 漂移方法﹝参阅附录﹞bleaching 漂白blimp 1. 闪烁2.保温隔音机套blocking 【光】粗磨，制造镜头过程之一，使blank粗模﹝镜片﹞磨成Blocking out 遮挡blotch static 雀斑形静电纹，亦称moisturestatic，因在湿度高的环境下回卷菲林而产生的现象。
摄影测量学简介(中英对照)
Photogrammetry is the “art, science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant imagery and other phenomena” (American Society of Photogrammetry 1980). 摄影测量学是“通过记录，测量，解释摄影图片和电磁辐射影像和其他现象的模式获得关于物质对象和环境可靠信息的艺术，科学和技术。
”（美国摄像测量协会1980）Photogrammetry was invented in 1851 by Colonel Aimé Laussedat, and has continued to develop over the last 150 years. Over time, the development of photogrammetry has passed through the phases of plane table photogrammetry, analog photogrammetry, analytical photogrammetry, and has now entered the phase of digital photogrammetry (Konecny 1994).摄影测量学是由AiméLaussedat上校在1851年创立的，延续发展了近150年。
在这期间，摄影测量学的发展经历了平板摄影测量、模拟摄影测量、解析摄影测量，现在进入到数字摄影测量阶段。
参考资料 数码摄影常用名词中英文对照
■ 摄影器材
dslr
数码单反相机
battery
电池
pinhole camera
针孔相机
NiMH
镍氢电池
Rangefinder
旁轴相机
rim flash
环形闪光灯
lens
镜头
hot shoe
闪光灯热靴
standard lens
标准镜头
actinometer
曝光表
fixed focus lens
高调
through the lens
通过镜头测光（TTL 闪光 low key
低调
测光）
acutance
锐度
modelling light
造型光
color temperature
色温
flate
炫光
gamma
伽玛（测量反差的方法）
contrejour
逆光
Resolution
分辨率
macro
微距
Dpi
每英寸点数（分辨率
■ 品牌（包括传统摄影器材厂商）
Alpa Balda Billingham
阿尔帕 巴尔达 白金汉
版 Mekko
Minox
出 Nikon
Bronica Carl Zeiss Canon Cokin Contax
勃朗尼卡 卡尔 · 蔡司
年 佳能 / 卡侬
高坚
青 康太克斯 / 康太时
Olympus Pentacon Pentax Ploaroid Ricoh
二次曝光
focal point
焦点
multiple exposure
多次曝光
focal length
当代摄影测量双语教学词汇表
Glossary of《Introduction to Modern Photogrammetry》《当代摄影测量》双语教学词汇表AAbbe comparator principle阿贝比长原理aberration 像差absolute flying height 绝对航高absolute orientation 绝对定向absorption 吸收access 存取、访问accessory 附件、辅助设备accident error 偶然误差accuracy 精度、准确度accuracy assessment 精度评定acquisition 获取active remote sensing 主动式遥感adaptability 适应性adjustment 平差adjacent 邻接adjacent flight line 相邻航线adjacent area 邻接区域adjoining sheets 邻接图幅aerial camera 航空摄影机aerial photograph 航摄像片aerial photographic gap 航摄漏洞aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial remote sensing 航空遥感aerophotogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerotriangulation 空中三角测量block triangulation区域网三角测量strip triangulation航带法空中三角测量independent modeltriangulation独立模型法空中三角测量bundle triangulation光束法空中三角测量affine rectification 仿射纠正affined transformation 仿射变换aggregation 聚合、聚集air base 摄影基线airbone imagery 机载影像airborne sensor 机载传感器alignment 排列成行、对准algebra 代数algorithm 算法allocation 配置altimeter 测高仪altitude 高度、高程ambiguity 模糊、不定性anaglyph 互补色anaglyphical stereoscopicviewing互补色立体观察analog 模拟analog/digital conversion 模数转换analog photogrammetry 模拟摄影测量analytical aerotriangulation解析空中三角测量analytical photogrammetry 解析摄影测量analytical plotter 解析测图仪ancillary data 辅助数据angular field of view 像场角angular momentum 角动量animation 动画annotation 注释、注记annotated photograph 调绘像片aperture 光圈、孔径relative ~ 相对孔径effective ~ 有效孔径approximation 近似值、逼近archive 档案archiving 存档architectural photogrammetry建筑摄影测量archaeological photogrammetry考古摄影测量artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial target 人工标志（点）aspect 方位aspect map 坡向图assessment 评定、估价astigmatism 像散atlas 地图集atmospheric haze 大气蒙雾atmospheric refraction 大气折光atmospheric window 大气窗口atmospheric transmission 大气传输atmospheric transmissivity 大气透过率attenuation 衰减attitude 姿态attitude parameter 姿态参数attribute 属性autocollimation 自准直autocorrelation 自相关automatic triangulation自动空中三角测量azimuth angle 方位角azimuth resolution 方位角分辨率Bbackprojection 逆投影backup 备份ballistic camera 弹道摄影机ballistic photogrammetry弹道摄影测量bandwidth 波段宽barrel 圆筒、桶形失真baseline 基线base-height ratio 基-高比batch process 批处理baud rate 波特率Bayes classification 贝叶斯分类bilinear interpolation 双线性内插binary image 二值影像biomedical photogrammetry生物医学摄影测量biostereometrics 生物立体量测学black-and-white film 黑白片blinking method of stereoscopic viewing 闪闭法立体观察block adjustment 区域网平差blunder detection 粗差探测bulk processing 粗处理bundle of rays 光束boundary 边界breakline 断裂线bridging of models 模型连接brightness 亮度Ccadastral mapping 地籍制图calibration 检校camera calibration 摄影机检校carrier phrase measurement载波相位测量Cartesian coordinates 笛卡尔坐标cartography 地图学characteristic curve of photographic emulsion 感光特性曲线check point 检查点chromatic 彩色的classification 分类classifier 分类器close-range photogrammetry近景摄影测量clustering 聚类cognitive mapping 认知制图collinearity condition 共线条件collinearity equations 共线方程color enhancement 彩色增强color infrared film 彩色红外片color film 彩色片coma 彗星像差combined adjustment 联合平差comparator 坐标量测仪compensation 补偿complementary colors 互补色component 组件、分量compression 压缩computer aided mapping 机助测图computer vision 计算机视觉computer-aided cartography计算机辅助制图condition equations 条件方程confidence 置信度coverage 覆盖conformal 正形的、等角的contact printing 接触晒印content of information 信息量contour lines 等高线contour interval 等高距constraint 约束contrast enhancement 反差增强contrast coefficient 反差系数control point 控制点control photostrip 骨架航线convergent photography 交向摄影convolution operators 卷积算子coordinate grid 坐标格网coordinate system 坐标系photographic coordinate system 像平面坐标系image space coordinate system 像空间坐标系object coordinate system物方坐标系coplanarity equation 共面方程correlation efficient 相关系数corresponding image point 同名像点corresponding image rays 同名光线corresponding epipolar line 同名核线cosine transformation 余弦变换covariance 协方差covariance matrix 协方差矩阵crest 山脊、峰顶cross-section 断面cyberspace 信息空间、赛博空间cycle slip 周跳Ddata acquisitation 数据获取data compression 数据压缩data mining 数据挖掘data snooping 数据探测法data transmission 数据传输data processing 数据处理data warehouse 数据仓库datum 基准deformation 变形densitometer 密度计density slicing 密度分割depression 抑制、衰减depth of field 景深detector 探测器developing 显影diagonal matrix 对角矩阵diaphragm 光圈differential 差分differential method of photogrammetric mapping 分工法测图differential rectification 微分纠正diffraction 衍射diffusion 扩散、漫射digital/analog transform 数/模转换digital correlation 数字相关digital earth 数字地球digital image 数字影像digitizer 数字化器digitization 数字化digitized image 数字化影像digital mapping 数字测图digital mosaic 数字镶嵌digital surface model数字表面模型（DSM）digital terrain model数字高程模型（DTM）digital orthophoto map数字正射影像（DOM）digital orthoimage 数字正射影像digital photogrammetry 数字摄影测量digital raster graphic数字栅格地图（DRG）digital rectification 数字纠正digital tracing table 数控绘图桌dimensional 维one- dimensional一维的two- dimensional 二维的three- dimensional 三维的disparity 不同、差异displacement of image 像点位移distortion of lens 物镜畸变差distribution function 分布函数direct line transformation直接线性变换（DLT）direct scheme of digital rectification 直接法纠正direction cosines 方向余弦discrimination 辨别、区分dispersion 分散、散射drainage 水系drawing 绘图drift angle 偏流角dynamic 动态的Eearth curvature 地球曲率earth ellipsoid 地球椭球eccentricity 偏心、偏心率edge detection 边缘检测edge enhancement 边缘增强eigenvalue 特征值eigenvector 特征向量electromagnetic spectrum 电磁波谱elements of interior orientation 内方位元素elements of exterior orientation 外方位元素elements of relative orientation 相对定向元素elements of absolute orientation 绝对定向元素elements of rectification 纠正元素emulsion 药膜encoding 编码enhancement 增强entity 实体entropy （信息）熵entropy coding 熵编码environment 环境epipolar line 核线epipolar plane 核面epipolar correlation 核线相关epipolar resampling 核线重采样epipole 核点equalization of histogram 直方图均衡equivalent vertical photograph等效竖直像片equally tilted photography 等倾摄影error circle 误差圆Ethernet 以太网expert system 专家系统ES exposure 曝光exposure station 摄站exponential 指数的exterior orientation 外部定向event 事件Ffalse color film 假彩色片false color photography 假彩色摄影false color composite 假彩色合成feature 特征feature coding 特征编码feature extraction 特征提取feature selection 特征选择fiducial marks 框标mechanical fiducial marks机械框标optical fiducial marks光学框标field curvature像场弯曲field of view 视场filtering 滤波fixing 定影flight block 摄影分区flight height （flying height）航高flight line 摄影航线flight plan of aerial photography 航摄计划flight strip 航带flying height 航高absolute ~ 绝对航高relative ~ 相对航高flying trace 航迹floating mark 浮游测标flux 通量、流动focal distance 焦距focal length 焦距focal plane 焦平面format 像幅forward motion compensation （FMC）向前运动补偿Fourier transformation 傅立叶变换fractal 分数维frame camera 框幅式摄影机free net adjustment 自由网平差frequency 频率Fresnel 菲滠耳fuzzy classifier method 模糊分类法fuzzy image 模糊影像GGaussian distribution 高斯分布generalization 综合geodetic origin 大地原点generation 产生geodetic datum 大地基准geodetic database 大地测量数据库geocentric coordinate system地心坐标系geodetic origin 大地原点geodetic datum 大地基准geographic coding 地理编码geoid 大地水准面geomatics 测绘学geometric correction 几何校正geometric rectification 几何纠正geometric registration of image图像几何配准geometric model 几何模型geostationary 地球静止的geo-synchronous satellite 地球同步卫星gnomonic 球心的goniometer 测角器、测向器gradients 梯度graphic 图形的grating 格子、光栅gravity 重力grey level 灰度级grey scale 灰度级grey wedge 光契grid 格网ground nadir point 地底点gross error detection 粗差检测GPS aerotriangulation GPS空中三角测量Gruber point 标准配置点Hheight displacement 投影差high-pass filtering 高通滤波histogram equalization 直方图均衡histogram 直方图histogram specification直方图规格化histogram equalization直方图均衡化hologram photography 全息摄影hologrammetry 全息摄影测量homogeneous 均质的、齐次的homologous image point 同名像点homomorphic filtering 同态滤波horizon camera 地平线摄影机horizontal 水平的、平面的horizontal parallax 左右视差（x-parallax）horizontal parallax difference左右视差较hot spots 热点hough transformation 霍夫变换Huffman 霍夫曼hue 色度hypergraph 超图hypermedia 超媒体hyperspectral 高光谱、超光谱hypertext 超文本hypothesis 假设Iidentified photograph 调绘片index contour 计曲线illuminance of ground 地面照度image，imagery 影像image coding 影像编码image correlation 影像相关image description 影像描述image digitization 影像数字化image enhancement 影像增强image fusion 影像融合image interpretation 影像解译image matching 影像匹配image mosaic 影像镶嵌image motion compensation像移补偿image overlaying 影像复合image pyramids 影像金字塔image quality 影像质量image recognition 影像识别image registration 影像配准image resolution 影像分辨力image restoration 影像复原image motion compensation像移补偿（IMC）image segmentation 图像分割image space coordinate system像空间坐标系image transformation 图像变换image understanding 图像理解imaging equation 构像方程imaging radar 成像雷达imaging spectrometer 成像光谱仪incident angle 入射角independent model aerial triangulation独立模型法空中三角测量indirect scheme of digital rectification间接法纠正industrial photogrammetry工业摄影测量inertial measurement unit （IMU）惯性测量装置information extraction 信息提取infrared film 红外片infrared photography 红外摄影infrared remote sensing 红外遥感infrared scanner 红外扫描仪inner 内部的inner orientation 内定向instrument 仪器、设备integration 集成intensity 亮度interactive 交互interest point 兴趣点、有利点interferogram 干涉图interferometry 干涉测量学interior orientation 内部定向interometry SAR 干涉雷达（INSAR）interoperability 互操作interpolation 内插bilinear interpolation 双线性内插nearest-neighbor interpolation邻近像元内插invariant 不变量irradiance 辐射照度isocenter of photograph 像等角点isometric 等角、等值的isometric parallel 等比线iteration method 迭代法iteration method with variableweights选权迭代法intersection 相交inverse matrix 逆矩阵Kkey-in 键盘输入key word 关键字kinematic positioning 动态定位knickpoint 转折点、裂点Llaboratory 实验室Landsat 陆地卫星landform 地形landscape map 景观地图large format camera大像幅摄影机（LFC）latent 潜在的lateral tilt 旁向倾角（roll）lateral overlap（side overlap，side lap）旁向重叠layover 雷达图像移位least squares correlation最小二乘相关leveling of model 模型置平linear array sensor 线阵列传感器linear features 线特征linear transformation 线性变换linearization 线性化logarithmic 对数的longitudinal tilt 航向倾角（pitch）longitudinal overlap（end overlap，forward overlap）航向重叠low-pass 低通Mmagazine 暗盒magnification 放大manual 人工的manuscript map 原图map compilation 地图编辑map legend 图例map projection 地图投影map revision 地图更新mapping satellite 测图卫星marine charting 海洋测绘mathematical expectation 数学期望maximum likelihood classification最大似然分类matrix 矩阵mean square error 中误差measuring mark 测标mechanics 力学median filters 中值滤波器mesh 网、网格metadata 元数据meteosat 气象卫星minimum distance classification 最小距离分类metric camera 量测摄影机microwave remote sensing 微波遥感method of least squares 最小二乘法microwave radiation 微波辐射microwave radiometer 微波辐射计modulation transfer function调制传递函数（MTF）m oiré莫尔条纹monocomparator 单像坐标量测仪mount 安装、座架mosaic 镶嵌optical mosaic 光学镶嵌digital mosaic 数字镶嵌most probable value 最或然值multicollimator 多投影准直仪multiplex 多倍仪multistage rectification 多级纠正multispectral camera 多光谱摄影机multispectral photography多光谱摄影multispectral remote sensing多光谱遥感multispectral scanner多光谱扫描仪（MSS）multi-temporal analysis 多时相分析multi-temporal remote sensing多时相遥感multiplicity 多重性、相重性Nnadir point 底点navigation 导航negative 负片neighborhood method 邻元法nodal point 节点front nodal point 前节点 rear nodal point 后节点neutral network 神经网络nonlinear 非线性的non-metric camera 非量测摄影机non-topographic photogrammetry非地形摄影测量normal case photography 正直摄影normal distribution 正态分布normal equation 法方程式normalization 正交化Ooblique 倾斜的oblique photography 倾斜摄影object space coordinate system 物空间坐标系object spectrum characteristics 地物波谱特性object oriented 面向对象observation 观测值observation equation 误差方程式occlusion 遮蔽offset 移位off-line 离线、脱机on-line 在线、联机on-line aerial triangulation联机空中三角测量one-dimensional 一维的opacity 不透明的operator 算子optical axis of lens 物镜主光轴optical rectification 光学纠正optical-mechanicalrectification光机械学纠正optical projection 光学投影optical transfer function光学传递函数（OTF）orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orientation elements 方位元素orientation point 定向点orthogonal projection 正射投影orthographic 正射的orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orthoimage 正射影像orthophoto 正射像片orthophotomap 正射影像地图orthophoto stereomate正射影像立体配对片orthophoto technique 正射影像技术outline map 略图outstanding point 明显地物点overlap 重叠Ppackage 包panchromatic film 全色片panoramic camera 全景摄影机panoramic photography 全景摄影panoramic distortion 全景畸变parallax 视差parallax difference 视差较parallel-averted photography等偏摄影parameter 参数parameter estimation 参数估计pass point 加密点pattern recognition 模式识别perceived model 视模型perigee 近地点perspective center 透视中心phase transfer function相位传递函数（PTF）photogrammetric distortion摄影测量畸变差photogrammetric workstation摄影测量工作站photogrammetry 摄影测量 terrestrial ~ 地面摄影测量two-medium ~ 双介质摄影测量 biomedical ~ 医学摄影测量photography 摄影学photographic baseline 摄影基线photographic bundle of rays 摄影光束photographic coordinate system摄影测量坐标系photographic interpolation摄影测量内插photographic paper 相纸photographic processing 摄影处理photographic scale 摄影比例尺photo base 像片基线photo coordinate system像平面坐标系photo interpretation 像片判读photo map 像片平面图photo mosaic 像片镶嵌photo nadir point 像底点photoplan 像片平面图photo rectification 像片纠正photo scale 像片比例尺phototheodolite 摄影经纬仪physiological parallax 生理视差picture format 像幅pinhole 小孔（成像）pixel 像元planarity 平面性、平面条件platform 平台platen 压平板、平台plot 平面图、略图plumb line 铅垂线point marking 刺点point transfer 转点point of interest 兴趣点polar 极、极地的polar coordinates 极坐标polarized 极化polarization 极化polygon 多边形polynomial 多项式positive 正片power spectrum 功率谱precision 精密度precision estimation 精度估计prediction 预测、推估prick point 刺点primary color 原色principal component transformation主分量变换principal distance of photo 像片主距principal distance 主距principal line 像主纵线principal plane 像主垂面principal point 像主点principal point of photograph 像主点principle of geometric reverse几何反转原理printer 印相机prism 棱镜precision estimation 精度估计probable error 或然误差probability 概率论processing 处理bulk processing 粗处理precision processing 精处理product 产品production 生产、产量projection 投影projection center 投影中心projection printing 投影晒印propagation of errors 误差传播protocol 协议prototype 原型pseudo-color image 伪彩色影像pseudo range measurement 伪距测量pushbroom imaging 推扫式成像pyramids 金字塔Qquadtree 四叉树qualitative 定性的quality control 质量控制quantitative 定量的quantizing 量化quantization 量化quantum 量子query 查询、检索Rradargrammetry 雷达图象测量radial distortion 径向畸变radial triangulation 辐射三角测量radiant 辐射的radiation correction 辐射校正radiograph X光照相radiometry 辐射测量radiometric correction 辐射校正radiometer 辐射计random error 随机误差、偶然误差random variable 随机变量raster grid 栅格网raster to vector conversion栅格-矢量转换ratio transformation 比值变换real-aperture radar 真实空径雷达real-time photogrammetry实时摄影测量reconstruction 重建rectifier 纠正仪rectification 纠正affine rectification 仿射纠正reduction 归化redundancy 余redundant information 余信息refinement 改正reflectance spectrum 反射波谱region of target 目标区region of search 搜索区relative flying height 相对航高relative orientation 相对定向relaxation 松池reliability 可靠性relief displacement 投影差resampling 重采样remote sensing 遥感aerial remote sensing 航空遥感space remote sensing 航天遥感remote sensing of resources 资源遥感environmental remote sensing环境遥感geological remote sensing 地质遥感ocean remote sensing 海洋遥感forest remote sensing 森林遥感atmospheric remote sensing大气遥感infrared remote sensing 红外遥感microwave remote sensing 微波遥感multi-spectral remote sensing多光谱遥感active remote sensing 主动遥感passive remote sensing 被动遥感remote sensing platform 遥感平台representation 显示、表达reseaux 网格resection 后方交会residual 残差resolution 分解力、分辨率ground resolution 地面分解力space resolution 空间分辨率temporal resolution 时间分辨率temperature resolution 温度分辨率resolving power of lens 物镜分辨力restitution 测图、成图、复原、恢复restoration 恢复retrieval 检索return beam vidicon camera反束光导（RBV）管摄影机reversal film 反转片roam 漫游rotation matrix 旋转矩阵route 路径Ssampling 采样sampling interval 采样间隔satellite altimetry 卫星测高satellite attitude 卫星姿态satellite-borne sensor 星载遥感器saturation 饱和度scaling of model 模型缩放scanner 扫描仪searching area 搜索区seasat 海洋卫星segmentation 分割self-calibration 自检校semiconductor 半导体semi-metric camera 半量测摄影机sensitivity 感光度sensitometry 感光测定sensitization 感光sensitometry 感光度测定sensitive material 感光材料sensor 传感器sequential 序列的shadow 阴影shutter 快门sidelap 旁向重叠side-looking radar侧视雷达（SLR）similarity 相似、相似性simulation 模拟single image 单张像片singularity 奇异性small format aerial photography 小像幅摄影space intersection 空间前方交会space photography 航天摄影space photogrammetry航天摄影测量space remote sensing 航天遥感space resection 空间后方交会Spacelab 空间实验室space shuttle 航天飞机spatial 空间的spatial domain 空间域specification 规范、说明spectral 光谱的spectral sensitivity 光谱感光度spectrograph 摄谱仪spectrometer 波谱测定仪spectroradiometer 光谱辐射仪spectrum character curve波谱特征曲线spectrum response curve波谱响应曲线spectrum feature space 波谱特征空间sphere 球面、球体spline 样条squint 斜视static 静态的stellar camera 恒星摄影机standard deviation 标准差standard error 标准差statistical 统计的statoscope 高差仪stereocamera 立体摄影机stereocomparator 立体坐标量测仪stereometer 立体量测仪stereo pair 立体像对stereo plotter 立体测图仪stereoscope 立体镜bridge-type ~ 桥式立体镜mirror ~ 反光立体镜stereoscopic vision 立体视觉stereoscopic observation 立体观测stereopair 立体像对stereophotogrammetry立体摄影测量stereoscopic model 立体观测模型stop-number 光圈号数stochastic 随机的strips 航线、航带strip aerial triangulation航带法空中三角测量sub pixel 子像素sun-synchronous satellite太阳同步卫星superimposition 叠加supervised classification 监督分类surface model 表面模型survey adjustment 测量平差survey mark 测量标志surveying and mapping 测绘surveying 测量学elementary surveying 普通测量topographic survey 地形测量control surveying 控制测量sweep 扫描swing angle 像片旋角（yaw）symmetry 对称synthetic aperture radar合成空径雷达system integration 系统集成systematic error 系统误差Ttangential distortion 切向畸变target area 目标区template 模板terrestrial camera 地面摄影机terrestrial photogrammetry地面摄影测量texture enhancement 纹理增强texture analysis 纹理分析thematic map 专题地图thematic mapper 专题制图仪（TM）theodolite 经纬仪thermal radiation 热辐射thermal infrared imagery 热红外影像threshold 阈值tie point 连接点tilt angle of photograph 像片倾角tilt displacement 倾斜位移tracing 跟踪transparent negative 透明负片transparent positive 透明正片triangulated irregular network 不规则三角网（TIN）triple 三倍的、三重的true-orthophoto 真正射影像two-medium photogrammetrytoning 调色topographic map 地形图topology 拓扑toponomastics, toponymy 地名学trainning field 训练区transmittance 透光率translation 平移、移动transparent 透明的transverse 横轴、横向的triangulation 三角测量aerial ~ 空中三角测量analogue aerial ~ 模拟法空三测量analytical aerial ~ 解析法空三测量block ~ 区域网空中三角测量strip ~ 航带法空中三角测量independent model ~独立模型法空中三角测量bundle ~ 光束法空中三角测量trichromatic 三色的Uuncertainty 不确定性underwater camera 水下摄影机under photogrammetry水下摄影测量universal method of photogrammetricunit matrix 单位矩阵unit weight 单位权unsupervised classification 非监督分类update 更新urban mapping 城市制图user interface 用户界面mapping 全能法测图Vvanishing point 灭点、合点variance 方差variance-covariance 方差-协方差vectograph method of stereoscopicviewing 偏振光立体观察vector 矢量vectorization 矢量化verifiability 置信度verification 确认vertical 竖直的、高程的vertical exaggeration 高程扩张vertical parallax上下视差（y-parallax）vertical photography 竖直摄影viewpoint 视点virtual reality 虚拟现实visual 目视的visual interpretation 目视判读visualization 可视化voxel 体素Wwavelet 小波wavelength 波长weight 权weight function 权函数weight matrix 权矩阵weighted mean 加权平均数whiskbroom 横扫式workstation 工作站XX-ray photogrammetry X射线摄影测量Yyan angle 航偏角y-tilt 航向倾角Zzenith angle 天顶角zonal rectification 分带纠正zone 带zone generation 区域增长zoom 缩放zoom in 缩小zoom out 放大注：更详细的摄影测量与遥感专业词汇请查阅：1、《英汉测绘词汇》. 测绘出版社2、《测绘学名词》. 测绘出版社, 2002缩写词CAC Computer-aided Cartography 机助地图制图CCD Charge-coupled Device 电荷偶合器件DCBD Digital Cadastral Database 数字地籍数据库DLG Digital Line Graph 数字线划图DRG Digital Raster Graphics 数字栅格图DOQ Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle 数字正射影像图DPW Digital Photogrammetric Workstation摄影测量工作站GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System [俄罗斯]全球轨道导航卫星系统GPS Global Positioning System 全球定位系统ERTS earth resources technology satellite 地球资源卫星ETM Enhancement Thermatic Mapper 增强型专题制图仪HRSC High Resolution Stereo CameraIFOV Instantaneous Field of View 瞬时视场IFSAR Interometry SAR干涉雷达IMU Inertial Measurement Unit 惯性测量装置INS Inertial Navigation System 惯性导航系统ISS Inertial Surveying System 惯性测量系统LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging 激光探测和测距LIS Land Information System 土地信息系统MTF Modulation Transfer Function 调制传递函数NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetative IndexNSDI National Spatial Data Infrastructure 国家空间数据基础设施RMSE root mean square error 均方根差，中误差SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar 合成空径雷达SDI Spatial Data Infrastructure 空间数据基础设施SLAR Side Looking Airborne Radar 侧视雷达WGS84 World Geodetic System for 1984 1984年世界大地坐标系学会、组织名称ACSM American Congress on Surveying and Mapping 美国测绘学会ASPRS American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing美国摄影测量与遥感学会CSGPC Chinese Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography 中国测绘学会ESA European Space Agency 欧洲空间局FIG Federation International of Geometres 国际测量师联合会ICA International Cartographic Association 国际制图协会ISO International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织ISPRS International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 国际摄影测量与遥感学会IUSM International Union of Surveying and Mapping 国际测量联合会NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration [美国]国家航空与航天局NASDA National Space Development Agency [日本]国家宇宙开发事业团NGCC National Geomatics Center of China [中国]国家基础地理信息中心（注：本资料素材和资料部分来自网络，仅供参考。
测绘类词汇中英文对照
测绘类词汇中英文对照阿贝比长原理Abbe comparator principle阿达马变换Hadamard transformation安平精度setting accuracy岸台，*固定台base station暗礁reef靶道工程测量target road engineering survey半导体激光器semiconductor laser半日潮港semidiurnal tidal harbor半色调halftone饱和度saturation北极星任意时角法method by hour angle of Polaris贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem 贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid贝叶斯分类Bayesian classification被动式遥感passive remote sensing本初子午线prime meridian比较地图学comparative cartography比较地图学comparative cartography比例尺scale比例量表ratio scaling比例误差proportional error比值变换ratio transformation比值增强ratio enhancement闭合差closing error闭合差closure闭合差closing error闭合差closure闭合导线closed traverse闭合导线closed traverse闭合水准路线closed leveling line闭合水准路线closed leveling line边长中误差mean square error of side length边交会法linear intersection边角测量triangulateration边角交会法linear-angular intersection边角网triangulateration network边缘检测edge detection边缘增强edge enhancement编绘compilation编绘compilation编绘原图compiled original编绘原图compiled original变比例投影varioscale projection变换光束测图affine plotting变线仪variomat变形观测控制网control network for deformation observation 变形观测控制网control network for deformation observation 变形椭圆indicatrix ellipse标称精度nominal accuracy标称精度nominal accuracy标尺rod标尺staff标高差改正correction for skew normals标高差改正correction for skew normals标界测量survey for marking of boundary标志灯，*回光灯signal lamp标准差standard deviation标准配置点Gruber point标准纬线standard parallel冰后回弹post glacial rebound波茨坦重力系统Potsdam gravimetric system波带板zone plate波浪补偿compensation of undulation波浪补偿compensation of undulation波浪补偿heave compensation波浪补偿器，*涌浪滤波器heave compensator波罗-科普原理Porro-Koppe principle波谱测定仪spectrometer波谱集群spectrum cluster波谱特征空间spectrum feature space波谱特征曲线spectrum character curve波谱响应曲线spectrum response curve波束角beam angle波束角wave beam angle泊位Berth补偿器compensator补偿器compensator补偿器补偿误差compensating error of compensator补偿器补偿误差compensating error of compensator布格改正Bouguer correction布格异常Bouguer anomaly布隆斯公式Bruns formula布耶哈马问题Bjerhammar problem采剥工程断面图striping and mining engineering profile采剥工程综合平面图synthetic plan of striping and mining 采场测量stope survey采掘工程平面图mining engineering plan采区测量survey in mining panel采区联系测量connection survey in mining panel采区联系测量connection survey in mining panel采样sampling采样间隔sampling interval彩色编码color coding彩色编码color coding彩色变换color transformation彩色变换color transformation彩色复制color reproduction彩色复制color reproduction彩色感光器材color sensitive material彩色感光器材color sensitive material彩色红外片，*假彩色片false color film彩色红外片，*假彩色片color infrared film彩色红外片，*假彩色片color infrared film彩色片color film彩色片color film彩色摄影color photography彩色摄影color photography彩色校样color proof彩色校样color proof彩色样图color manuscript彩色样图color manuscript彩色增强color enhancement彩色增强color enhancement彩色坐标系color coordinate system彩色坐标系color coordinate system参考数据reference data参考椭球reference ellipsoid参考效应reference effect参数平差，*间接平差parameter adjustment侧方交会side intersection侧扫声呐side scan sonar侧视雷达side-locking radar测标[measuring] mark测杆measuring bar测高仪Altimeter测绘标准standards of surveying and mapping测绘联合会International Union of Surveying and Mapping 测绘学geomatics测绘学SM测绘学surveying and mapping测绘仪器instrument of surveying and mapping测角中误差mean square error of angle observation测距定位系统，*圆-圆定位系统range positioning system 测距雷达range-only radar测距盲区range hole测距仪rangefinder测量标志survey mark测量船survey vessel测量规范specifications of surveys测量控制网surveying control network测量平差adjustment of observation测量平差survey adjustment测量学surveying测流current surveying测流current surveying测深改正correction of depth测深改正correction of depth测深杆sounding pole测深精度total accuracy of sounding测深仪读数精度reading accuracy of sounder测深仪发射参数，*测深仪零线transmiting line of sounder 测深仪回波信号echo signal of sounder测深仪记录纸recording paper of sounder测速标marks for measuring velocity测图卫星mapping satellite测微密度计microdensitometer测微目镜micrometer eyepiece测微器micrometer测线survey line测站station测站归心station centring层间改正plate correction觇牌target长度标准检定场standard field of length厂址测量surveying for site selection超导重力仪superconductor gravimeter超焦点距离hyperfocal distance超近摄影测量macrophotogrammetry潮汐表tidal tables潮汐波tidal wave潮汐调和常数tidal harmonic constants潮汐调和分析tidal harmonic analysis潮汐非调和常数tidal nonharmonic constants潮汐非调和分析tidal nonharmonic analysis潮汐摄动tidal perturbation潮汐因子tidal factor潮汐预报tidal prediction潮信表tidal information panel沉船wreck沉降观测settlement observation成像光谱仪imaging spectrometer成像雷达imaging radar城市测量urban survey城市地形测量urban topographic survey城市地形图topographic map of urban area城市基础地理信息系统UGIS城市基础地理信息系统urban geographical information system 城市控制测量urban control survey城市制图urban mapping乘常数multiplication constant尺度参数scale parameter抽象符号abstract symbol触觉地图tactual map船台，*移动台mobile station垂核面vertical epipolar plane垂核线vertical epipolar line垂球plumb bob垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical垂直角vertical angle垂直折光误差vertical refraction error垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient垂准仪，*铅垂仪plumb aligner纯重力异常pure gravity anomaly磁变年差annual change of magnetic variation磁测深magnetic sounding磁测深线magnetic sounder磁方位角magnetic azimuth磁力扫海测量magnetic sweeping磁力异常区magnetic anomaly area磁偏角magnetic variation磁倾角magnetic dip磁像限角magnetic bearing磁子午线magnetic meridian粗差gross error粗差检测gross error detection粗码C/A Code粗码Coare/Acquision Code粗码C/A Code粗码Coare/Acquision Code打样Proofing大比例尺测图large scale topographical mapping大潮升spring rise大地测量边值问题geodetic boundary value problem大地测量参考系geodetic reference system大地测量数据库geodetic database大地测量学geodesy大地测量仪器geodetic instrument大地方位角geodetic azimuth大地高ellipsoidal height大地高geodetic height大地基准geodetic datum大地经度geodetic longitude大地水准面geoid大地水准面高geoidal height大地水准面高geoidal undulation大地天顶延迟atmosphere zenith delay大地天文学geodetic astronomy大地网geodetic network大地纬度geodetic latitude大地线geodesic大地原点geodetic origin大地主题反解inverse solution of geodetic problem大地坐标geodetic coordinate大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system大陆架地形测量continental shelf topographic survey大陆架地形测量continental shelf topographic survey大气传输特性characteristics of atmospheric transmission 大气传输特性characteristics of atmospheric transmission 大气窗atmospheric window大气改正,*气象改正atmospheric correction大气透过率atmospheric transmissivity大气噪声atmospheric noise大气阻力摄动atmospheric drag perturbation大像幅摄影机large format camera大像幅摄影机LFC大洋地势图GEBCO大洋地势图general bathymetric chart of the oceans大圆航线图great circle sailing chart带谐系数coefficient of zonal harmonics带谐系数coefficient of zonal harmonics带状平面图zone plan单差相位观测single difference phase observation单点定位point positioning单片坐标量测仪monocomparator单位权unit weight单位权方差，*方差因子variance of unit weight弹道摄影测量ballistic photogrammetry弹道摄影机ballistic camera当地平均海面local mean sea level挡差改正correction of scale difference挡差改正correction of scale difference导标leading beacon导弹定向测量missile orientation survey导弹试验场工程测量engineering survey of missile test site 导航台定位测量navigation station location survey导航台定位测量navigation station location survey导航图navigation chart导航图navigation chart导航线，*叠标线leading line导入高程测量induction height survey导线边traverse leg导线测量traverse survey导线点traverse point导线横向误差lateral error of traverse导线角度闭合差angle closing error of traverse导线结点junction point of traverses导线曲折系数meandering coefficient of traverse导线全长闭合差total length closing error of traverse导线网traverse network导线相对闭合差relative length closing error of traverse导线折角traverse angle导线纵向误差longitudinal error of traverse岛屿测量island survey岛屿联测island-mainland connection survey岛屿图island chart倒锤[线]观测，倒锤法inverse plummet observation灯[光性]质characteristic of light灯[光性]质characteristic of light灯标light beacon灯船light ship灯船light vessel灯浮标light buoy灯高height of light灯光节奏flashing rhythm of light灯光射程light range灯光遮蔽Eclipse灯光周期light period灯色light color灯塔light house等比线isometric parallel等高距contour interval等高距contour interval等高棱镜contour prism等高棱镜contour prism等高线Contour等高线Contour等高仪astrolabe等积投影equivalent projection等级结构hierarchical organization等角定位格网equiangular positioning grid等角条件，*正形投影conformal projection等角条件，*正形投影conformal projection等精度[曲线]图equiaccuracy chart等距量表interval scaling等距投影equidistant projection等距圆弧格网equilong circle arc grid等量纬度isometric latitude等偏摄影parallel-averted photography等倾摄影equally tilted photography等权代替法method of equalweight substitution 等值灰度尺equal value gray scale等值区域图，*分区量值地图choroplethic map 等值区域图，*分区量值地图choroplethic map 等值线地图isoline map等值线法isoline method低潮线low water line底板测点floor station底点纬度latitude of pedal底色去除under color removal底色增益under color addition底质bottom characteristics底质quality of the bottom底质采样bottom characteristics sampling底质调查bottom characteristics exploration底质分布图bottom sediment chart地产界测量property boundary survey地磁经纬仪magnetism theodolite地磁仪magnetometer地底点ground nadir point地固坐标系body-fixed coordinate system地固坐标系earth-fixed coordinate system地基系统ground-based system地极坐标系coordinate system of the pole地极坐标系coordinate system of the pole地籍cadastre地籍cadastre地籍簿land register地籍册cadastral lists地籍册cadastral lists地籍测量cadastral survey地籍测量cadastral survey地籍调查cadastral inventory地籍调查cadastral inventory地籍更新renewal of the cadastre地籍管理cadastral survey manual地籍管理cadastral survey manual地籍图cadastral map地籍图cadastral map地籍修测cadastral revision地籍修测cadastral revision地籍制图cadastral mapping地籍制图cadastral mapping地界测量land boundary survey地壳均衡isostasy地壳均衡改正isostatic correction地壳形变观测crust deformation measurement地壳形变观测crust deformation measurement地块测量parcel survey地类界图land boundary map地理格网geographic grid地理视距geographical viewing distance地理信息传输geographic information communication 地理信息系统geographic information system地理信息系统GIS地理坐标geographic graticule地理坐标参考系geographical reference system地貌图geomorphological map地貌形态示量图morphometric map地面接收站ground receiving station地面立体测图仪terrestrial stereoplotter地面摄谱仪terrestrial spectrograph地面摄影测量terrestrial photogrammetry地面摄影机terrestrial camera地面实况ground truth地面照度illuminance of ground地名geographical name地名place name地名标准化place-name standardization地名录gazetteer地名数据库place-name database地名索引geographical name index地名通名geographical general name地名学toponomastics地名学toponymy地名转写geographical name transcription地名转写geographical name transliteration地平线摄影机horizon camera地平线像片horizon photograph地倾斜观测ground tilt measurement地球定向参数earth orientation parameter地球定向参数EOP地球同步卫星geo-synchronous satellite地球椭球earth ellipsoid地球位，*大地位geopotential地球位数geopotential number地球位系数potential coefficient of the earth地球形状earth shape地球形状Figure of the earth地球仪globe地球引力摄动terrestrial gravitational perturbation地球重力场模型earth gravity model地球资源卫星earth resources technology satellite地球资源卫星ERTS地球自转参数earth rotation parameter地球自转参数ERP地球自转角速度rotational angular velocity of the earth 地势图hypsometric map地图map地图编绘map compilation地图编辑map editing地图编辑大纲map editorial policy地图表示法cartographic presentation地图表示法cartographic presentation地图传输cartographic communication地图传输cartographic communication地图叠置分析map overlay analysis地图分类cartographic classification地图分类cartographic classification地图分析cartographic analysis地图分析cartographic analysis地图符号库map symbols bank地图符号学cartographic semiology地图符号学cartographic semiology地图负载量map load地图复杂性map complexity地图复制map reproduction地图感受map perception地图更新map revision地图集信息系统Atlas information system地图利用map use地图量算法cartometry地图量算法cartometry地图模型，*制图模型cartographic model地图模型，*制图模型cartographic model地图内容结构cartographic organization地图内容结构cartographic organization地图判读map interpretation地图评价cartographic evaluation地图评价cartographic evaluation地图潜信息cartographic potential information 地图潜信息cartographic potential information 地图清晰性map clarity地图色标color chart地图色标color chart地图色标map color standard地图色谱map color atlas地图设计map design地图数据结构map data structure地图数据库cartographic database地图数据库cartographic database地图数字化map digitizing地图投影map projection地图显示map display地图信息cartographic information地图信息cartographic information地图信息系统cartographic information system 地图信息系统CIS地图信息系统cartographic information system 地图信息系统CIS地图选取cartographic selection地图选取cartographic selection地图学cartography地图学cartography地图研究法cartographic methodology地图研究法cartographic methodology地图易读性map legibility地图印刷map printing地图语法cartographic syntactics地图语法cartographic syntactics地图语言cartographic language地图语言cartographic language地图语义cartographic semantics地图语义cartographic semantics地图语用cartographic pragmatics地图语用cartographic pragmatics地图阅读map reading地图整饰map decoration地图制图map making地图制图软件cartographic software地图制图软件cartographic software地图注记map lettering地下管线测量underground pipeline survey地下铁道测量subway survey地下铁道测量underground railway survey地下油库测量underground oil depot survey地心经度geocentric longitude地心纬度geocentric latitude地心引力常数geocentric gravitational constant 地心坐标系geocentric coordinate system地形测量topographic survey地形底图base map of topography地形改正topographic correction地形数据库topographic database地形图topographic map地形图更新revision of topographic map地形图图式topographic map symbols地震台精密测量precise survey at seismic station 地质测量geological survey地质点测量geological point survey地质略图geological scheme地质剖面测量geological profile survey地质剖面图geological section map典型图形平差adjustment of typical figures点方式point mode点位中误差mean square error of a point点下对中centering under point点下对中centering under point点状符号point symbol电磁波测距electromagnetic distance measurement电磁波测距仪electromagnetic distance measuring instrument电磁传播[时延]改正correction for radio wave propagation of time signal 电磁传播[时延]改正correction for radio wave propagation of time signal 电荷耦合器件CCD电荷耦合器件charge-coupled device电荷耦合器件CCD电荷耦合器件charge-coupled device电离层折射改正ionospheric refraction correction电子测距仪EDM电子测距仪electronic distance measuring instrument电子出版系统electronic publishing system电子地图集electronic atlas电子分色机color scanner电子分色机color scanner电子海图electronic map电子海图数据库ECDB电子海图数据库electronic chart database电子海图显示和信息系统ECDIS电子海图显示和信息系统electronic chart display and information system 电子经纬仪electronic theodolite电子平板仪electronic plane-table电子求积仪electronic planimeter电子水准仪electronic level电子速测仪，*全站仪electronic tachometer电子显微摄影测量nanophotogrammetry电子显微摄影测量nanophotogrammetry电子相关electronic correlation电子印像机electronic printer调绘Annotation调焦误差error of focusing调频频率modulation frequency调制传递函数modulation transfer function调制传递函数MTF调制器modulator叠栅条纹图，*莫尔条纹图moirétopography顶板测点roof station定深扫海sweeping at definite depth定位标记positioning mark定位点间距positioning interval定位检索，*开窗检索retrieval by windows定位统计图表法positioning diagram method定线测量Alignment survey定向连接点connection point定向连接点connection point for orientation定向连接点connection point定向连接点connection point for orientation定性检索retrieval by header定影Fixing动感autokinetic effect动画引导animated steering动画制图animated mapping动态定位kinematic positioning独立交会高程点elevation point by independent intersection独立模型法空中三角测量independent model aerial triangulation 独立坐标系independent coordinate system度盘circle度盘circle断面仪Profiler对景图front view对流层折射改正tropospheric refraction correction对数尺logarithmic scale对中杆centering rod对中杆centering rod多倍仪multiplex多边形地图polygonal map多边形结构polygon structure多边形平差法Adjustment by method of polygon多波束测探multibeam echosounding多波束测探系统multibeam sounding system多层结构multi layer organization多级纠正multistage rectification多焦点投影polyfocal projection多路径效应multipath effect多媒体地图multimedia map多年平均海面multi-year mean sea level多谱段扫描仪MSS多谱段扫描仪multispectral scanner多谱段摄影multispectral photography多谱段摄影机multispectral camera多谱段遥感multispectral remote sensing多时相分析multi-temporal analysis多时相遥感multi-temporal remote sensing多星等高法equal-altitude method of multi-star多用途地籍multi-purpose cadastre多余观测redundant observation多圆锥投影polyconic projection厄特沃什效应Eötvös effect二值图像binary image发光二极管LED发光二极管light-emitting diode法方程normal equation法方程normal equation法截面normal section法截面normal section法伊改正Faye correction反差Contrast反差Contrast反差系数contrast coefficient反差系数contrast coefficient反差增强contrast enhancement反差增强contrast enhancement反立体效应pseudostereoscopy反射波谱reflectance spectrum反束光导管摄影机return beam vidicon camera反像mirror reverse反像wrong-reading反转片reversal film范围法area method方差-协方差传播律variance-covariance propagation law 方差-协方差矩阵variance-covariance matrix方里网kilometer grid方位角中误差mean square error of azimuth方位圈compass rose方位圈compass rose方位投影azimuthal projection方向观测法method by series方向观测法method of direction observation防波堤Breakwater防波堤mole房地产地籍real estates cadastre仿射纠正affine rectification放样测量setting-out survey非地形摄影测量nontopographic photogrammetry非地形摄影测量nontopographic photogrammetry非监督分类unsupervised classification非量测摄影机non-metric camera非量测摄影机non-metric camera菲列罗公式Ferrero's formula分版原图Flaps分瓣投影interrupted projection分层layer分层设色表graduation of tints分层设色法hypsometric layer分潮Constituent分潮Constituent分潮迟角epoch of partial tide分潮振幅amplitude of partial tide分带纠正zonal rectification分带子午线zone dividing meridian分类器classifier分类器classifier分区统计图表法cartodiagram method分区统计图表法chorisogram method分区统计图表法cartodiagram method分区统计图表法chorisogram method分区统计图表法，*等值区域法cartogram method分区统计图表法，*等值区域法cartogram method分区统计图法，*等值区域法choroplethic method分区统计图法，*等值区域法choroplethic method分色，*分色参考图color separation分色，*分色参考图color separation分析地图analytical map风讯信号杆wind signal pole浮标Buoy浮雕影像地图picto-line map浮子验潮仪float gauge符号化symbolization辐射三角测量radial triangulation辐射线格网radial positioning grid辐射校正radiometric correction辐射遥感器radiation sensor负荷潮load tide负片negative负片negative附参数条件平差condition adjustment with parameters附参数条件平差condition adjustment with parameters附合导线connecting traverse附合导线connecting traverse附合水准路线annexed leveling line附加位additional potential附条件参数平差，*附条件间接平差parameter adjustment with conditions 复测法repetition method复垦测量reclaimation survey复照仪reproduction camera副台slave station概率判决函数Probability decision function概然误差probable error干出礁covers and uncovers rock干出礁covers and uncovers rock干涉雷达INSAR干涉雷达interometry SAR感光sensitization感光材料sensitive material感光测定sensitometry感光度sensitivity感光特性曲线characteristic curve of photographic transmission 感光特性曲线characteristic curve of photographic transmission 感受效果perceptual effect港界harbor boundary港口port港口工程测量harbor engineering survey港湾测量harbor survey港湾锚地图集harbor/anchorage atlas港湾图harbor chart高差仪statoscope高程height高程导线height traverse高程点elevation point高程基准height datum高程控制测量vertical control survey高程控制点vertical control point高程控制网vertical control network高程系统height system高程异常height anomaly高程中误差mean square error of height高度角altitude angle高度角elevation angle高密度数字磁带HDDT高密度数字磁带high density digital tape高斯-克吕格投影Gauss-Krüger projection高斯平面子午线收敛角Gauss grid convergence高斯平面坐标系Gauss plane coordinate system高斯投影方向改正arc-to-chord correction in Gauss projection 高斯中纬度公式Gauss midlatitude formula格网单元cell格网单元cell跟踪数字化tracing digitizing工厂现状图测量survey of present state at industrial site 工程测量engineering survey工程测量学engineering surveying工程经纬仪engineer's theodolite工程控制网engineering control network工程摄影测量engineering photogrammetry工程水准仪engineer's level工业测量系统industrial measuring system工业摄影测量industrial photogrammetry公路工程测量road engineering survey功率谱power spectrum共面方程coplanarity equation共面方程coplanarity equation共线方程collinearity equation共线方程collinearity equation构像方程imaging equation古地图ancient map骨架航线，*构架航线,测控条control strip骨架航线，*构架航线,测控条control strip固定平极fixed mean pole固定误差fixed error固定相移fixed phase drift固体潮[solid] Earth tide固体激光器solid-state laser管道测量pipe survey管道综合图synthesis chart of pipelines贯通测量holing through survey贯通测量breakthrough survey惯性测量系统inertial surveying system惯性测量系统ISS惯性坐标系inertial coordinate system惯用点conventional name惯用点conventional name灌区平面布置图irrigation layout plan光电测距导线EDM traverse光电测距仪electro-optical distance measuring instrument 光电等高仪photoelectric astrolabe光电遥感器photoelectric sensor光电中星仪photoelectric transit instrument光碟，*光盘CD光碟，*光盘compact disc光碟，*光盘CD光碟，*光盘compact disc光谱感光度，*光谱灵敏度spectral sensitivity光圈,*有效孔径Aperture光圈号数f-number光圈号数stop-number光束法空中三角测量bundle aerial triangulation光栅grating广播星历broadcast ephemeris归化纬度reduced latitude归心改正correction for centering归心改正correction for centering归心元素elements of centring龟纹moire规划地图planning map规矩线register mark国际测绘联合会IUSM国际测量师联合会Fédération Internationale des Géométres国际测量师联合会FIG国际大地测量协会IAG国际大地测量协会International Association of Geodesy国际大地测量与地球物理联合会International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 国际大地测量与地球物理联合会IUGG国际地球参考架international terrestrial reference frame国际地球参考架ITRF国际地球自转服务局IERS国际地球自转服务局International Earth Rotation Service国际海道测量组织IHO国际海道测量组织International Hydrography Organization国际海图international chart国际航天测量与地球学学院ITC国际矿山测量学会International Society of Mine Surveying国际摄影测量与遥感学会International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote S国际摄影测量与遥感学会ISPRS国际天球参考架ICRF国际天球参考架international celestial reference frame国际协议原点CIO国际协议原点Conventional International Origin国际协议原点CIO国际协议原点Conventional International Origin国际原子时IA T国际原子时international atomic time国际制图协会ICA国际制图协会International Cartographic Association国家地图集national atlas国家地图集national atlas国家基础地理信息系统national fundamental geographic information system 国家基础地理信息系统national fundamental geographic information system 海[洋]图集marine atlas海岸coast海岸coast海岸地形测量coast topographic survey海岸地形测量coast topographic survey海岸图coast chart海岸图coast chart海岸线coast line海岸线coast line海岸性质nature of the coast海岸性质nature of the coast海拔height above sea level海道测量，*水道测量hydrographic survey海道测量学，*水道测量学hydrography海底成像系统seafloor imaging system海底地貌submarine geomorphology海底地貌图submarine geomorphologic chart海底地势图submarine situation chart海底地形测量bathymetric surveying海底地形图bathymetric chart海底地质构造图submarine structural chart海底电缆submarine cable海底管道submarine pipeline海底控制网submarine control network海底倾斜改正seafloor slope correction海底声标acoustic beacon on bottom海底施工测量submarine construction survey海底隧道测量submarine tunnel survey海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System海军导航卫星系统NNSS海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System海军导航卫星系统NNSS海军勤务测量naval service survey海军勤务测量naval service survey海控点hydrographic control point海流计current meter海流计current meter海面地形sea surface topography海区界线sea area bounding line海区资料调查sea area information investigation海区总图general chart of the sea海图Chart海图Chart海图比例尺Chart scale海图比例尺Chart scale海图编号Chart numbering海图编号Chart numbering海图编制Chart compilation海图编制Chart compilation海图标题Chart title海图标题Chart title海图大改正Chart large correction海图大改正Chart large correction海图分幅Chart subdivision海图分幅Chart subdivision海图改正Chart correction海图改正Chart correction海图投影Chart projection海图投影Chart projection海图图廓Chart boarder海图图廓Chart boarder海图图式symbols and abbreviations on chart 海图小改正Chart small correction海图小改正Chart small correction海图制图charting海图制图charting海图注记lettering of chart海洋测绘marine charting海洋测绘数据库marine charting database海洋测量marine survey海洋测量定位marine survey positioning海洋磁力测量marine magnetic survey海洋磁力图marine magnetic chart海洋磁力异常marine magnetic anomaly海洋大地测量marine geodetic survey海洋大地测量学marine geodesy海洋工程测量marine engineering survey海洋划界测量marine demarcation survey海洋环境图marine environmental chart海洋气象图marine meteorological chart海洋生物图marine biological chart海洋水文图marine hydrological chart海洋水准测量marine leveling海洋卫星Seasat海洋质子采样器marine bottom proton sampler 海洋质子磁力仪marine proton magnetometer海洋重力测量marine gravimetry海洋重力仪marine gravimeter海洋重力异常marine gravity anomaly海洋重力异常图Chart of marine gravity anomaly 海洋重力异常图Chart of marine gravity anomaly 海洋专题测量marine thematic survey海洋资源图marine resource chart航标表list of lights航带法空中三角测量strip aerial triangulation航道channel航道channel航道fairway航道图navigation channel chart航道图navigation channel chart航高flight height航高flying height航海天文历nautical almanac航海天文历nautical almanac航海通告NM航海通告notice to mariners航海通告NM航海通告notice to mariners航海图nautical chart航海图nautical chart航迹track航空摄谱仪aerial spectrograph航空摄影aerial photography航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry航空摄影机aerial camera航空图aeronautical chart航空遥感aerial remote sensing航空重力测量airborne gravity measurement航路指南sailing directions航路指南SD航摄计划flight plan of aerial photography航摄领航navigation of aerial photography航摄领航navigation of aerial photography航摄漏洞aerial photographic gap航摄软片aerial film航摄像片,航空像片aerial photograph航摄质量quality of aerophotography航速speed航天飞机space shuttle航天摄影space photography航天摄影测量，*太空摄影测量space photogrammetry航天遥感space remote sensing航向course航向course航向倾角longitudinal tilt航向倾角pitch航向重叠end overlap航向重叠fore-and-aft overlap航向重叠forward overlap航向重叠longitudinal overlap航行通告notice to navigator航行通告notice to navigator航行图sailing chart航行障碍物navigation obstruction航行障碍物navigation obstruction合成地图synthetic map合成孔径雷达SAR合成孔径雷达synthetic aperture radar合点控制vanishing point control河道整治测量river improvement survey河外致密射电源，*类星体extragalactic compact radio source 核点epipole核面epipolar plane核线epipolar line核线epipolar ray核线相关epipolar correlation盒式分类法box classification method黑白片black-and-white film黑白摄影black-and-white photography恒时钟sidereal clock恒星摄影机stellar camera恒星时sidereal time恒星中天测时法method of time determination by star transit 横断面测量cross-section survey横断面测量cross-section survey横断面图cross-section profile横断面图cross-section profile横轴投影transverse projection红外测距仪infrared EDM instrument红外辐射计infrared radiometer红外片infrared film。
测绘工程摄影测量中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)基于活动熔岩流可见光和热感影像的倾斜摄影测量手持相机数码图像越来越多地被用于科学目的，特别是在非接触式测量是必需的地方。
然而，他们往往由显著的相机到对象的深度的变化和闭塞的斜视组成，复杂化定量分析。
在这里，我们报告通过斜摄影技术来确定基于地面的热感照相机方位（位置并指出方向），并产生在西西里岛火山的熔岩流场景信息。
从基于大众使用的消费级单反数码相机的多个图像来构造一个基于地面热图像的地形模型和参考。
我们展示在2004-2005年火山爆发期间收集的数据和对于基于像素的热感图像，使用派生曲面模型来查看距离改正（考虑大气衰减）。
对于查看约为100至400米的距离，更正导致在辐射强度系统的变化就值方面高达±3％，其是假设在一个统一的平均图像的观看距离计算而得。
关键词：近景摄影测量，埃特纳（Etna）火山，熔岩流，热感图像引言：为了提高我们了解了熔岩如何流动并最终停止，需要更先进的测量（熔岩）流动的发生和冷却的技术技术（Hidaka，等。
2005年）。
卫星数据经常用于监测活火山，但为获取准确的温度信息，可行的空间分辨率为30 m左右的中红外或近红外区域（陆地卫星TM和ASTER数据）或更大的热红外波段（60m的陆地卫星ETM +和ASTER的90米; Donegan和Flynn 2004; Pieri 和 Abrams 2004）。
这些尺寸都大大高于在熔岩流表面热性结构的空间变异，限制冷却模型从而限制卫星数据的使用。
最近手持式热成像仪的使用提供了一个潜在的解决方案，即通过实现1-103m的距离观看，增加空间分辨率10的一因子（1毫米左右）。
因此，手持式热成像仪获取的图像有潜力提供了丰富达到5的（熔岩）流动模型信息，并提供地面实况'信息用于卫星数据的解释（例如Calvari 等。
2005年）。
不过，关键的缺点，存在于大多数近距离数据集（强烈的斜视角，未知的成像几何关系与传感器的空间位置）通常阻碍地理参考和目前制约定量分析。
测绘学术语中英文对照
测绘学术语中英文对照01．普通测量学02．大地测量学02.001 大地测量 geodetic surveying02.002 几何大地测量学geometric geodesy02.003 椭球面大地测量学ellipsoidal geodesy02.004 大地天文学geodetic astronomy02.005 物理大地测量学(又称“大地重力学”) physical geodesy02.006 空间大地测量学space geodesy02.007 卫星大地测量学satellite geodesy02.008 动力大地测量学dynamic geodesy02.009 海洋大地测量学marine geodesy02.010 月面测量学lunar geodesy，selenodesy02.011 行星测量学planetary geodesy02.012 天文大地网(又称“国家大地网”)astro--geodetic network02.013 参考椭球reference ellipsoid02.014 贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid02.015 海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid02.016 克拉索夫斯基椭球Krasovsky ellipsoid02.017 参考椭球定位orientation of reference ellipsoid02.018 大地基准geodetic datum02.019 大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system02.020 弧度测量arc measurement02.021 拉普拉斯方位角Laplace azimuth02.022 拉普拉斯点Laplace point02.023 三角测量triangulation02.024 三角点triangulation point02.025 三角锁triangulation chain02.026 三角网triangulation network02.027 图形权倒数weight reciprocal of figure02.028 菲列罗公式Ferreros formula02.029 施赖伯全组合测角法Schreiber method in all combinations02.030 方向观测法method of direction observation，method by series 02.031 测回observation set02.032 归心元素elements of centring02.033 归心改正correction for centring02.034 水平折光差(又称“旁折光差”) horizontal refraction error 02.035 基线测量base measurement02.036 基线baseline02.037 基线网base network02.038 精密导线测量precise traversing02.039 三角高程测量trigonometric leveling02.040 三角高程网trigonometric leveling network02.041 铅垂线plumb line02.042 天顶距zenith distance02.043 高度角elevation angle， altitude angle02.044 垂直折光差vertical refraction error02.045 垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient02.046 国家水准网national leveling network02.047 精密水准测量Precise leveling02.048 水准面level surface02.049 高程height02.050 正高orthometric height02.051 正常高normal height02.052 力高 dynamic height02.053 地球位数geopotential number02.054 水准点benchmark02.055 水准路线leveling line02.056 跨河水准测量river－crossing leveling02.057 椭球长半径major radius of ellipsoid02.058 椭球扁率flattening of ellipsoid02.059 椭球偏心率eccentricity of ellipsoid02.060 子午面meridian plane02.061 子午圈meridian02.062 卯酉圈prime vertical02.063 平行圈parallel circle02.064 法截面normal section02.065 子午圈曲率半径radius of curvature in meridian02.066 卯酉圈曲率半径radius of curvature in prime vertical02.067 平均曲率半径mean radius of curvature02.068 大地线geodesic02.069 大地线微分方程differential equation of geodesic02.070 大地坐标geodetic coordinate02.071 大地经度geodetic longitude02.072 大地纬度geodetic latitude02.073 大地高geodetic height，ellipsoidal height02.074 大地方位角geodetic azimuth02.075 天文大地垂线偏差astro—geodetic deflection of the vertical02.076 垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical02.077 标高差改正correction for skew normals02.078 截面差改正correction from normal section to geodetic02.079 大地主题正解direct solution of geodetic problem02.080 大地主题反解 inverse solution of geodetic problem02.081 高斯中纬度公式Gauss mid—latitude formula02.082 贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem 02.083 高斯一克吕格投影Gauss－Kruger projection又称“高斯投影”。
摄影术语中英对照
摄影英语词汇Aberration像差Accessory附件Accessory Shoes附件插座、热靴Achromatic消色差的Active主动的、有源的Acutance锐度Acute-matte磨砂毛玻璃Adapter适配器Advance system输片系统AE Lock(AEL)自动曝光锁定AF(Autofocus)自动聚焦AF IlluminatorAF照明器AF spotbeam projector AF照明器Alkaline碱性Ambient light环境光Amplification factor放大倍率Angle finder弯角取景器Angle of view视角Anti-Red-eye防红眼Aperture光圈Aperture priority光圈优先APO(APOchromat)复消色差APZ(Advanced Program zoom)高级程序变焦Arc弧形ASA(American Standards Association) 美国标准协会Astigmatism像散Auto bracket自动包围Auto composition自动构图Auto exposure自动曝光Auto exposure bracketing自动包围曝光Auto film advance自动进片Auto flash自动闪光Auto loading自动装片Auto multi-program自动多程序Auto rewind自动退片Auto wind自动卷片Auto zoom自动变焦Automatic exposure(AE)自动曝光Automation自动化Auxiliary辅助的Back机背Back light逆光、背光Back light compensation逆光补偿Background背景Balance contrast反差平衡Bar code system条形码系统Barrel distortion桶形畸变BAse-Stored Image Sensor (BASIS) 基存储影像传感器Battery check电池检测Battery holder电池手柄Bayonet卡口Bellows皮腔Blue filter蓝色滤光镜Body-integral机身一体化Bridge camera桥梁相机Brightness control亮度控制Built in内置BulbB 门Button按钮Cable release快门线Camera照相机Camera shake相机抖动Cap盖子Caption贺辞、祝辞、字幕Card卡Cartridges暗盒Case机套CCD(Charge Coupled Device) 电荷耦合器件CdS cell硫化镉元件Center spot中空滤光镜Center weighted averaging中央重点加权平均Chromatic Aberration色差Circle of confusion弥散圆Close-up近摄Coated镀膜Compact camera袖珍相机Composition构图Compound lens复合透镜Computer计算机Contact触点Continuous advance连续进片Continuous autofocus连续自动聚焦Contrast反差、对比Convetor转换器Coreless无线圈Correction校正CouplerCoverage覆盖范围CPU(Central Processing Unit)中央处理器Creative expansion card艺术创作软件卡Cross交叉Curtain帘幕Customized function用户自选功能Data back数据机背Data panel数据面板Dedicated flash专用闪光灯Definition清晰度Delay延迟、延时Depth of field景深Depth of field preview景深预测Detection检测Diaphragm光阑Diffuse柔光Diffusers柔光镜DIN (Deutsche Industrische Normen) 德国工业标准Diopter屈光度Dispersion色散Display显示畸变Double exposure双重曝光Double ring zoom双环式变焦镜头Dreams filter梦幻滤光镜Drive mode驱动方式Duration of flash闪光持续时间DX-codeDX编码ED(Extra low Dispersion)超低色散Electro selective pattern(ESP) 电子选择模式EOS(Electronic Optical System) 电子光学系统Ergonomic人体工程学EV(Exposure value)曝光值Evaluative metering综合评价测光Expert专家、专业Exposure曝光Exposure adjustment曝光调整Exposure compensation曝光补偿Exposure memory曝光记忆Exposure mode曝光方式Exposure value(EV)曝光值Extension tube近摄接圈Extension ringExternal metering外测光Extra wide angle lens超广角镜头Eye-level fixed眼平固定Eye-start眼启动Eyepiece目镜Eyesight correction lenses 视力校正镜Field curvature像场弯曲Fill in填充(式)Film胶卷(片)Film speed胶卷感光度Film transport输片、过片Filter滤光镜Finder取景器First curtain前帘、第一帘幕Fish eye lens鱼眼镜头Flare耀斑、眩光Flash闪光灯、闪光Flash range闪光范围Flash ready闪光灯充电完毕Flexible program柔性程序Focal length焦距Focal planeFocus焦点Focus area聚焦区域Focus hold焦点锁定Focus lock焦点锁定Focus prediction焦点预测Focus priority焦点优先Focus screen聚焦屏Focus tracking焦点跟踪Focusing聚焦、对焦、调焦Focusing stages聚焦级数Fog filter雾化滤光镜Foreground前景Frame张数、帧Freeze冻结、凝固Fresnel lens菲涅尔透镜、环状透镜Frontground前景Fuzzy logic模糊逻辑Glare眩光GN(Guide Number)闪光指数GPD(Gallium Photo Diode) 稼光电二极管Graduated渐变Half frame半幅Halfway半程Hand grip手柄High eye point远视点、高眼点High key高调Highlight高光、高亮Highlight control高光控制High speed高速Honeycomb metering 蜂巢式测光Horizontal水平Hot shoe热靴、附件插座Hybrid camera混合相机Hyper manual超手动Hyper program超程序Hyperfocal超焦距IC(Integrated Circuit) 集成电路Illumination angle照明角度Illuminator照明器Image control影像控制Image size lock影像放大倍率锁定Infinity无限远、无穷远Infra-red(IR)红外线Instant return瞬回式Integrated集成Intelligence智能化Intelligent power zoom智能化电动变焦Interactive function交互式功能Interchangeable可更换Internal focusing内调焦Interval shooting间隔拍摄ISO(International Standard Association) 国际标准化组织JIS(Japanese Industrial Standards)日本工业标准Landscape风景Latitude宽容度LCD data panelLCD数据面板LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)液晶显示LED(Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管Lens镜头、透镜Lens cap镜头盖Lens hood镜头遮光罩Lens release镜头释放钮Lithium battery锂电池Lock闭锁、锁定Low key低调Low light低亮度、低光LSI(Large Scale Integrated) 大规模集成Macro微距、巨像Magnification放大倍率Main switch主开关Manual手动Manual exposure手动曝光Manual focusing手动聚焦Matrix metering矩阵式测光Maximum最大Metered manual测光手动Metering测光Micro prism微棱Minimum最小Mirage倒影镜Mirror反光镜Mirror box反光镜箱Mirror lens折反射镜头Module模块Monitor监视、监视器Monopod独脚架Motor电动机、马达Mount卡口MTF (Modulation Transfer Function 调制传递函数Multi beam多束Multi control多重控制Multi-dimensional多维Multi-exposure多重曝光Multi-image多重影Multi-mode多模式Multi-pattern多区、多分区、多模式Multi-program多程序Multi sensor多传感器、多感光元件Multi spot metering多点测光Multi task多任务Negative负片Neutral中性Neutral density filter中灰密度滤光镜Ni-Cd battery镍铬(可充电)电池Off camera离机Off center偏离中心OTF(Off The Film)偏离胶卷平面One ring zoom单环式变焦镜头One touch单环式Orange filter橙色滤光镜Over exposure曝光过度Panning摇拍Panorama全景Parallel平行Parallax平行视差Partial metering局部测光Passive被动的、无源的Pastels filter水粉滤光镜PC(Perspective Control) 透视控制Pentaprism五棱镜Perspective透视的Phase detection相位检测Photography摄影Pincushion distortion枕形畸变Plane of focus焦点平面Point of view视点Polarizing偏振、偏光Polarizer偏振镜Portrait人像、肖像电源、功率、电动Power focus电动聚焦Power zoom电动变焦Predictive预测Predictive focus control预测焦点控制Preflash预闪Professional专业的Program程序Program back程序机背Program flash程序闪光Program reset程序复位Program shift程序偏移Programmed Image Control (PIC) 程序化影像控制Quartz data back石英数据机背Rainbows filter彩虹滤光镜Range finder测距取景器Release priority释放优先Rear curtain后帘Reciprocity failure倒易律失效Reciprocity Law倒易律Recompose重新构图Red eyeRed eye reduction红眼减少Reflector反射器、反光板Reflex反光Remote control terminal快门线插孔Remote cord遥控线、快门线Resolution分辨率Reversal films反转胶片Rewind退卷Ring flash环形闪光灯ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器Rotating zoom旋转式变焦镜头RTF(Retractable TTL Flash)可收缩TTL闪光灯Second curtain后帘、第二帘幕Secondary Imaged Registration(SIR) 辅助影像重合Segment段、区Selection选择Self-timer自拍机Sensitivity灵敏度Sensitivity range灵敏度范围Sensor传感器Separator lens分离镜片Sepia filter褐色滤光镜Sequence zoom shooting顺序变焦拍摄Sequential shoot顺序拍摄Servo autofocus伺服自动聚焦Setting设置Shadow阴影、暗位Shadow control阴影控制Sharpness清晰度Shift偏移、移动Shutter快门Shutter curtain快门帘幕Shutter priority快门优先Shutter release快门释放Shutter speed快门速度Shutter speed priority快门速度优先Silhouette剪影Single frame advance单张进片Single shot autofocus单次自动聚焦Skylight filter天光滤光镜Slide film幻灯胶片Slow speed synchronization 慢速同步SLD(Super Lower Dispersion) 超低色散SLR(Single Lens Reflex)单镜头反光照相机SMC(Super Multi Coated) 超级多层镀膜Soft focus柔焦、柔光SP(Super Performance)超级性能SPC(Silicon Photo Cell)硅光电池SPD(Silicon Photo Dioxide) 硅光电二极管Speedlight闪光灯、闪光管Split image裂像Sport体育、运动Spot metering点测光Standard标准Standard lens标准镜头Starburst星光镜Stop档Synchronization同步Tele converter增距镜、望远变换器Telephoto lens长焦距镜头Trailing-shutter curtain后帘同步Trap focus陷阱聚焦Tripod三脚架TS(Tilt and Shift)倾斜及偏移TTL flashTTL闪光TTL flash meteringTTL闪光测光TTL(Through The Lens) 通过镜头、镜后Two touch双环UD(Ultra-low Dispersion) 超低色散Ultra wide超阔、超广Ultrasonic超声波UV(Ultra-Violet)紫外线Under exposure曝光不足Vari-colour变色Var-program变程序Variable speed变速Vertical垂直Vertical traverse纵走式View finder取景器Warm tone暖色调Wide angle lens广角镜头Wide view广角预视、宽区预视Wildlife野生动物Wireless remote无线遥控World time世界时间X-syncX-同步Zoom变焦Zoom lens变焦镜头Zoom clip变焦剪裁Zoom effect变焦效果abaxial 【光】离中心光轴ABBE number 雅比数值，即相对色散倒数aberration change 析光差变化﹝因设计及应用光圈产生之光差变化﹞aberrations 【光】析光差abrasion marks ﹝底片﹞花痕abrasive reducer 局部减薄剂absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收性能absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption filter = frequency filter色谱滤片AC = alternating current交流电AC coupler 交流电耦合器accelerator 促进剂accessories 配件accessory shoe 配件插座accumulator 储电器acetate base 醋酸片基acetate film 醋酸质胶片或菲林acetate filter 醋酸质滤光片acetic acid 【化】醋酸﹝用于停影、定影、漂白及过调药﹞，亦乙酸acetic acid, glacial 【化】冰醋酸﹝即结晶如冰状的醋酸，用于急制及定影药﹞acetone 【化】丙酮﹝有机溶剂，配用于不溶于水的化学物﹞achromat = achromatic lens消色差镜头achromatic 【光】消色差的achromatic lens 消色差镜头acid 【化】酸acid fixer 酸性定影药acid rinse 酸漂acoustic 音响学，音响学的actinic 光化的，由光产生的化学变化action grip 快速手柄Action Photography 动态摄影acutance 明锐度，常指底片结像adapter 转接器adapter cable 转接导线adapter ring 转接环additive color printing method 加色法彩色放相技巧﹝参阅附表﹞additive synthesis 【光】原色混合﹝原色包括红、绿、蓝色，三色相加产生白色，红绿产生黄色，红蓝产生洋红，绿蓝产生青靛色﹞adhesive tape 胶纸advance lever advance leveraerial camera 空中摄影机，或称遥感摄影机aerial film 空中摄影菲林，或称遥感摄影菲林aerial image 空间凝象﹝指凝聚在焦点平面位置的影像﹞aerial oxidation 氧化﹝指与空气接触的氧化﹞aerial perspective 透视感﹝由气层产生远物模糊的透视现像﹞Aerial Photography 空中摄影，或称遥感摄影aerial survey lens 空中测量镜头，应用于在空中测量地面，取景角度达120度，光圈多数固定于f5.6 afocal lens 改焦镜头ageing 成熟过程1. 使感光物体成熟的过程2. 光学玻璃性能变为稳定所需的过程agitate 搅动agitation 搅动过程air brush 喷笔，执底或执相之用air lens 空气镜片﹝指镜片与镜片之空间，其作用如镜片﹞aircraft camera 航空摄影机album 相簿albumen 蛋白albumen pager 蛋白相纸，以蛋白作为乳化剂的相纸albumen print 蛋白相片，以蛋白相纸放成的作品albumin 蛋白质alcohol 酒精alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alkali 【化】碱alkali earth 【化】碱土﹝例如钡barium，钙calcium﹞alkali metal 【化】碱金属﹝例如锂lithium，钠sodium﹞Alpine Photography 山景摄影alternating current 交流电amateur 业余amateur photographer 业余摄影师amber 琥珀色Ambrotype 火棉胶正摄影法﹝参阅附表﹞American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准学会，ANSI是感光度单位之一American Standards Association 1. 美国标准协会2. ASA是感光度单位之一amidol 【化】二氨基酚，苯系化合物，俗称克美力，显影剂之一ammonium bichromate 【化】重铬酸铵，感光剂之一ammonium bifluoride 【化】氟化氢铵，用于使感光膜脱离玻璃片基ammonium carbonate 【化】碳酸铵，用于暖调显影药ammonium choloride 【化】氯化铵，用于漂白，过调药及感光剂ammonium persulphate 【化】过硫酸铵，显影剂之一ammonium sulphocyanate 【化】= ammonium thiocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药ammonium thiocyanate 【化】= ammonium sulphocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药Amphitype 正负双性相片amplifier 扩大器anamorphic process 变形拍摄方法anamorphotic lens 变形镜头，可将影像高度或阔度压缩或扩展anastigmat 消像散的anastigmat lens 消像散镜头angle coverage ﹝镜头﹞取景角度angle finder 量角器angle of gaze 凝视角﹝人类视角通常是120度，当集中注意力时约为五分之一，即25度﹞angle of incidence 【光】入射角angle of lens 镜头涵角angle of reflection 【光】反射角angle of refraction 【光】折射角angle of shooting 拍摄角度angle of view 观景角度Angstrom 〈埃〉长度单位=10-10公尺anhydrous 无水的animation 动画Animation Photography 动画摄影animation stand 动画台annealing 【光】热炼﹝制玻璃﹞法﹝这个方法是把玻璃在350至600度的电焗炉焗很长的时间，可减低制镜是时产生的扭曲﹞ANSI 1. American National Standard Institute﹝美国国家标准学会﹞2. 美国国家标准学会订出的感光度单位之一anti-fogging agent 防雾化剂anti-halation backing 防晕光底层anti-reflection coating 防反光膜anti-static wetting agent 消静电湿润剂anti-vignetting filter 消除黑角滤片aperture 光圈aperture display 光圈显示aperture needle 圈指针aperture ring 光圈环aperture scale 光圈刻度apochromatic 【光】复消色差Applied Photography 应用摄影arabic gum 阿拉伯树胶arc lamp 弧光灯Architectural Photography 建筑摄影area masking 局部加网area metering 区域测光artificial light 人造光源ASA 1. American Standards Association﹝美国标准协会﹞2. 感光度单位之一ASA setting device 感光度调校器asphalt 沥青aspherical lens 非球面镜头astigmatism 【光】像散，结像松散现像Astrophotography 天文摄影attachment 附加器audio 听觉性audio visual 视听auto = automatic自动的简称automatic 自动化automatic loading loading> 自动上片automatic bellows 自动近摄皮腔，自动回校光圈的近摄皮腔automatic camera 自动化相机automatic extension tube 自动延长管，自动回校光圈的延长管automatic flash 自动闪灯automatic focusing 自动对焦automatic rewinding 自动回卷automatic shooting range 自动拍摄范围automatic tray siphon 自动虹吸器，用于冲盆automatic winding 自动卷片auxiliary lens 附加镜头available light 现场光average gradient 平均倾斜率，平均梯度average metering 平均测光axial 【光】光轴back focal distance 【光】后焦距﹝指镜头与菲林间的距离﹞back projection 后方投影background 背景backlighting 背光bag bellow 袋型皮腔bar chart 棒形测试图bar static 线形静电纹﹝因拉开过度卷紧菲林时产生的现象﹞barn doors 遮光掩门barrel distortion 【光】桶形变形﹝影像四边线条呈外弯线变形﹞bas-relief 浮雕，黑房特技之一base 片基batch number 分批编号battery 电池battery charger 电池充电器battery charger 电池充电器battery pack 电池箱bayonet mount 刀环，镜头接环之一BCPS =beam candlepower second光束烛光秒bead static 珠形静电纹，亦称pearl static，在冲洗未完成前，用手拉擦过而产生的现象beam splitter 分光器bellows 皮腔bellows extension 皮腔延长度，多指近摄benzene 【化】苯benzotriazole 【化】苯并三唑﹝用于防雾化剂﹞between-the-lens-shutter 镜间快门bi-convex 【光】双凸镜片bi-prism 双棱镜bi-prism focusing 双棱镜对焦bichromated albumen process 重铬酸盐蛋白蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞binocular vision 视觉三维效果birefringence =double refraction双重折射，因镜片结构缺点产生重复折射现象bitumen 沥青bitumen grain process 沥青微粒蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞Black & White Photography 黑白摄影black filter 透紫外光滤片，只让紫外光透过的滤片black light 紫外光灯的俗称black opaqueopague 黑丹，修饰底片颜料bladed shutter 片闸式快门blank 【光】粗模，制镜过程中，经rough shaping粗铸而成的镜片=dummy filter空白滤光片，作为对焦等操作的预备，使应用滤镜拍摄时不会产生误差bleach 漂白药bleach-fix 漂定bleach-out process 漂移方法﹝参阅附录﹞bleaching 漂白bleeding 无边﹝相片﹞blimp 1. 闪烁2.保温隔音机套blocking 【光】粗磨，制造镜头过程之一，使blank粗模﹝镜片﹞磨成Blocking out 遮挡blotch static 雀斑形静电纹，亦称moisture static，因在湿度高的环境下回卷菲林而产生的现象。
摄影专业术语(英文)
abaxial 【光】离中心光轴ABBE number 雅比数值，即相对色散倒数aberration change 析光差变化﹝因设计及应用光圈产生之光差变化﹞aberrations 【光】析光差abrasion marks ﹝底片﹞花痕abrasive reducer 局部减薄剂absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收性能absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption filter = frequency filter色谱滤片AC = alternating current交流电AC coupler 交流电耦合器accelerator 促进剂accessories 配件accessory shoe 配件插座accumulator 储电器acetate base 醋酸片基acetate film 醋酸质胶片或菲林acetate filter 醋酸质滤光片acetic acid 【化】醋酸﹝用于停影、定影、漂白及过调药﹞，亦乙酸acetic acid, glacial 【化】冰醋酸﹝即结晶如冰状的醋酸，用于急制及定影药﹞acetone 【化】丙酮﹝有机溶剂，配用于不溶于水的化学物﹞achromat = achromatic lens消色差镜头achromatic 【光】消色差的achromatic lens 消色差镜头acid 【化】酸acid fixer 酸性定影药acid rinse 酸漂acoustic 音响学，音响学的actinic 光化的，由光产生的化学变化action grip 快速手柄Action Photography 动态摄影acutance 明锐度，常指底片结像adapter 转接器adapter cable 转接导线adapter ring 转接环additive color printing method 加色法彩色放相技巧﹝参阅附表﹞additive synthesis 【光】原色混合﹝原色包括红、绿、蓝色，三色相加产生白色，红绿产生黄色，红蓝产生洋红，绿蓝产生青靛色﹞adhesive tape 胶纸advance lever ﹝相机﹞过片杆aerial camera 空中摄影机，或称遥感摄影机aerial film 空中摄影菲林，或称遥感摄影菲林aerial image 空间凝象﹝指凝聚在焦点平面位置的影像﹞aerial oxidation 氧化﹝指与空气接触的氧化﹞aerial perspective 透视感﹝由气层产生远物模糊的透视现像﹞Aerial Photography 空中摄影，或称遥感摄影aerial survey lens 空中测量镜头，应用于在空中测量地面，取景角度达120度，光圈多数固定于f5.6afocal lens 改焦镜头ageing 成熟过程1. 使感光物体成熟的过程2. 光学玻璃性能变为稳定所需的过程agitate 搅动agitation 搅动过程air brush 喷笔，执底或执相之用air lens 空气镜片﹝指镜片与镜片之空间，其作用如镜片﹞aircraft camera 航空摄影机album 相簿albumen 蛋白albumen pager 蛋白相纸，以蛋白作为乳化剂的相纸albumen print 蛋白相片，以蛋白相纸放成的作品albumin 蛋白质alcohol 酒精alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alkali 【化】碱alkali earth 【化】碱土﹝例如钡barium，钙calcium﹞alkali metal 【化】碱金属﹝例如锂lithium，钠sodium﹞Alpine Photography 山景摄影alternating current 交流电amateur 业余amateur photographer 业余摄影师amber 琥珀色Ambrotype 火棉胶正摄影法﹝参阅附表﹞American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准学会，ANSI是感光度单位之一American Standards Association 1. 美国标准协会2. ASA是感光度单位之一amidol 【化】二氨基酚，苯系化合物，俗称克美力，显影剂之一ammonium bichromate 【化】重铬酸铵，感光剂之一ammonium bifluoride 【化】氟化氢铵，用于使感光膜脱离玻璃片基ammonium carbonate 【化】碳酸铵，用于暖调显影药ammonium choloride 【化】氯化铵，用于漂白，过调药及感光剂ammonium persulphate 【化】过硫酸铵，显影剂之一ammonium sulphocyanate 【化】= ammonium thiocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药ammonium thiocyanate 【化】= ammonium sulphocyanate硫氰酸铵，用于过金﹝色﹞药Amphitype 正负双性相片amplifier 扩大器anamorphic process 变形拍摄方法anamorphotic lens 变形镜头，可将影像高度或阔度压缩或扩展anastigmat 消像散的anastigmat lens 消像散镜头angle coverage ﹝镜头﹞取景角度angle finder 量角器angle of gaze 凝视角﹝人类视角通常是120度，当集中注意力时约为五分之一，即25度﹞angle of incidence 【光】入射角angle of lens 镜头涵角angle of reflection 【光】反射角angle of refraction 【光】折射角angle of shooting 拍摄角度angle of view 观景角度Angstrom 〈埃〉长度单位=10-10公尺anhydrous 无水的animation 动画Animation Photography 动画摄影animation stand 动画台annealing 【光】热炼﹝制玻璃﹞法﹝这个方法是把玻璃在350至600度的电焗炉焗很长的时间，可减低制镜是时产生的扭曲﹞ANSI 1. American National Standard Institute﹝美国国家标准学会﹞2. 美国国家标准学会订出的感光度单位之一anti-fogging agent 防雾化剂anti-halation backing 防晕光底层anti-reflection coating 防反光膜anti-static wetting agent 消静电湿润剂anti-vignetting filter 消除黑角滤片aperture 光圈aperture display 光圈显示aperture needle 圈指针aperture ring 光圈环aperture scale 光圈刻度apochromatic 【光】复消色差Applied Photography 应用摄影arabic gum 阿拉伯树胶arc lamp 弧光灯Architectural Photography 建筑摄影area masking 局部加网area metering 区域测光artificial light 人造光源ASA 1. American Standards Association﹝美国标准协会﹞2. 感光度单位之一ASA setting device 感光度调校器asphalt 沥青aspherical lens 非球面镜头astigmatism 【光】像散，结像松散现像Astrophotography 天文摄影attachment 附加器audio 听觉性audio visual 视听auto = automatic自动的简称automatic 自动化automatic loading 自动上片automatic bellows 自动近摄皮腔，自动回校光圈的近摄皮腔automatic camera 自动化相机automatic extension tube 自动延长管，自动回校光圈的延长管automatic flash 自动闪灯automatic focusing 自动对焦automatic rewinding 自动回卷automatic shooting range 自动拍摄范围automatic tray siphon 自动虹吸器，用于冲盆automatic winding 自动卷片auxiliary lens 附加镜头available light 现场光average gradient 平均倾斜率，平均梯度average metering 平均测光axial 【光】光轴back focal distance 【光】后焦距﹝指镜头与菲林间的距离﹞back projection 后方投影background 背景backlighting 背光bag bellow 袋型皮腔bar chart 棒形测试图bar static 线形静电纹﹝因拉开过度卷紧菲林时产生的现象﹞barn doors 遮光掩门barrel distortion 【光】桶形变形﹝影像四边线条呈外弯线变形﹞bas-relief 浮雕，黑房特技之一base 片基batch number 分批编号battery 电池battery charger 电池充电器battery pack 电池箱bayonet mount 刀环，镜头接环之一battery charger 电池充电器BCPS =beam candlepower second光束烛光秒bead static 珠形静电纹，亦称pearl static，在冲洗未完成前，用手拉擦过而产生的现象beam splitter 分光器bellows 皮腔bellows extension 皮腔延长度，多指近摄benzene 【化】苯benzotriazole 【化】苯并三唑﹝用于防雾化剂﹞between-the-lens-shutter 镜间快门bi-convex 【光】双凸镜片bi-prism 双棱镜bi-prism focusing 双棱镜对焦bichromated albumen process 重铬酸盐蛋白蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞binocular vision 视觉三维效果birefringence =double refraction双重折射，因镜片结构缺点产生重复折射现象bitumen 沥青bitumen grain process 沥青微粒蚀刻法﹝参阅附录﹞Black & White Photography 黑白摄影black filter 透紫外光滤片，只让紫外光透过的滤片black light 紫外光灯的俗称black opaqueopague 黑丹，修饰底片颜料bladed shutter 片闸式快门blank 【光】粗模，制镜过程中，经rough shaping粗铸而成的镜片=dummy filter空白滤光片，作为对焦等操作的预备，使应用滤镜拍摄时不会产生误差bleach 漂白药bleach-fix 漂定bleach-out process 漂移方法﹝参阅附录﹞bleaching 漂白bleeding 无边﹝相片﹞blimp 1. 闪烁2.保温隔音机套blocking 【光】粗磨，制造镜头过程之一，使blank粗模﹝镜片﹞磨成Blocking out 遮挡blotch static 雀斑形静电纹，亦称moisture static，因在湿度高的环境下回卷菲林而产生的现象。
数码摄影常用名词中英文对照
数码摄影常用名词中英文对照摄影器材dslr 数码单反相机lens 镜头tripod 三脚架viewfinder 取景器actinometer 测光表color filter 滤色镜bulb B门UV filter UV镜ND 中灰滤色镜pentaprism 五棱镜Umbrella 反光伞mirror lens 折返镜头fisheye 鱼眼镜头aperture 光圈shutter 快门focusing screen 对焦屏white balance 白平衡memory stick 记忆棒scanner 扫描仪light box 灯箱grey card 灰板selftimer 自拍器cable release 快门线close-up lens 附加近摄镜头pinhole camera 针孔相机fixed focus lens 定焦镜头standard lens 标准镜头lightmeter 测光表zoom lens 变焦镜头starburst 星光镜aspherical lens 非球面透镜rim flash 环形闪光灯monopod 独脚架polarizer 偏振镜circular polarizer 圆偏振镜film plane 焦平面teleconverter 增倍镜graduate 渐变滤镜ball-and-socket 球形云台shift lens 移轴镜头bluetooth 蓝牙lens hood 遮光罩lens shutter 镜间快门专有名词exposure 曝光exposure compensation 曝光补偿exposure latitude 曝光宽容度slow sync flash 慢速闪光同步focal point 焦点focal length 焦距hyperfocal distance 超焦距acutance 锐度macro 微距depth of field 景深depth of field preview 景深预视golden mean 黄金分割lnterpolation 插值法modelling light 造型光flate 眩光contrejour 逆光reciprocity failure 倒易律失效spot meter 点测光soft box 柔焦histogram 直方图zoom ratio 变焦比format 画幅diopter 屈光度color temperature 色温gamma 伽玛(测量反差方法) red eye 红眼autofocus 自动对焦high key 高调low key 低调panoramic 全景flash synchronization 闪光同步GN 闪光指数double exposure 二次曝光multiple exposure 多次曝光exposure 曝光manual exposure 手动曝光bracketing 包围曝光Resolution 分辨率Dpi 每英寸点数(分辨率计量单位) unsharp mask 锐化noise 噪点品牌*包括传统摄影器材厂商Alpa 阿尔帕Balda 巴尔达Bronica 勃朗尼卡Carl Zeiss 卡尔·蔡司Canon 佳能/卡侬Cokin 高坚Contax 康太克斯/康太时Cosina 确善能/柯辛娜Fujifilm 富士Gitzo 捷信Gossen 高森Hassebled 哈苏/哈斯布拉德Hoya 保谷Horseman 骑士/豪斯曼/霍士曼Kenko 肯高Kiev 基辅Kodak 柯达Konica 柯尼卡leica 莱卡Linhof 林哈夫/林好夫Mamiya 玛米亚Manfrotto 曼富图Minox 米诺克斯Nikon 尼康Olympus 奥林巴斯Pentacon 潘太康Pentax 宾得/潘太克斯Ploaroid 宝丽来/波拉诺伊德Ricoh 理光Rollei 禄莱/罗莱Rolleiflex 禄莱福勒克斯Rodenstock 罗敦斯德Schneider 施奈德Sekonic 世光Sigma 适马Sinar 仙娜Slik 竖力Sony 索尼Tamron 腾龙Tokina 图丽/土齐纳Toyo 星座Vivitar 威达Voigtlander 福伦达Zeiss Ikon 蔡司伊康Zenit 泽尼特。
摄影测量与遥感英文词汇
摄影测量与遥感英文词汇摄影测量和遥感词汇学习 001摄影测量学photogrammetry 039径向畸变radial distortion 002卫星摄影测量satellite photogrammetry 040切向畸变tangential distortion， tangential lens 003摄影学photography distortion 004航天摄影space photography 041物镜分辨率resolving power of lens 005航空摄影aerial photography 042影象分辨率resolving power of image (注：一毫006航空摄影机aerial camera 米内能分辨线对条数) 007立体摄影机stereocamera， stereometric camera 043正片positive 008非量测摄影机non-metric camera 044负片negative 009量测摄影机metric camera 045透明负片dianegative 010全景摄影机panoramic camera， panorama 046透明正片diapositive, transparent positive camera 047反转片reversal film 011框幅摄影机frame camera 048盲色片achromatic film 012条幅［航带］摄影机continuous strip camera, strip 049正色片orthochromatic film camera 050全色片panchromatic film 013阵列摄影机array camera 051红外片infrared film 014电荷耦合器件摄影机(“CCD摄影052黑白片black-and-white film 机”)charge-coupled device camera 053彩色片color film 015多谱段摄影机multispectral camera 054全色红外片panchromatic infrared film 016地面摄影机terrestrial camera 055彩色红外片(又称“假彩色片”)color infrared017弹道摄影机ballistic camera film， false color film018水下摄影机underwater camera 056航摄软片aerial film 019大象幅摄影机large format camera，LFC 057感光度sensitivity 020恒星摄影机stellar camera 058感光材料sensitive material 021地平线摄影机horizoncamera 059彩色感光材料color sensitive material 022反束光导管摄象机return beam vidicon camera， 060感光测定sensitometry RBV 061感光特性曲线characteristic curve of 023象幅picture format photographic emulsion 024框标fiducial mark 062光谱感光度(又称“光谱灵敏度”)spectral025象移补偿image motion compensation，IMC， sensitivityforward motion compensation， FMC 063黑白摄影black-and-white photography 026焦距focal length 064彩色摄影color photography 027快门shutter 065假彩色摄影false color photography 028中心快门between-the-lens shutter， lens shutter 066红外摄影infrared photography 029帘幕快门(又称“焦面快门)focal plane shutter， 067全息摄影hologram photography， holography curtain shutter 068缩微摄影microphotography, microcopying 030景深depth of field 069低倍放大摄影pnotomacrography 031超焦点距离hyperfocal distance 070显微摄影photomicrography 032孔径(又称“光圈”)aperture 071多谱段摄影multispectral photography 033光圈号数f-number， stop-number 072全景摄影panoramic photography 034象场角objective angle of image field， angular 073竖直摄影vertical photography field of view 074倾斜摄影oblique photography 035瞬时现场(又称“空间分解力”，其值为地面分解075小象幅航空摄影small formataerial 力2．5～2．8倍)instantaneous field－of－view， photography，SFAP IFOV 076摄站camera station， exposure station 036畸变［差］distortion 077摄影航线flight line of aerial photography 037全景畸变panoramic distortion 078摄影分区flight block 038几何畸变geometric distortion 079摄影比例尺photographic scale摄影测量和遥感词汇学习 080摄影基线photographic baseline， air base 124象元pixel， picture element 081摄影质量photographic quality 125密度分割density slicing 082航摄领航navigation of aerial photography 126象主点principal point of photograph 083航摄计划flight plan of aerial photography 127象底点photo nadir point 084航摄漏洞aerial photographic gap 128地底点ground nadir point 085航高flying height， flight height 129象等角点isocenter of photogrgaph 086相对航高relative flying height 130等比线ipometric parallel 087绝对航高absolute flying height 131像片基线photo base 088基一高比base-height ratio 132象主纵线principal line ［of photograph］089航向重叠longitudinal overlap end overlap， 133主垂面principal plane［of photograph］， principal forward overlap, fore－and－aft overlap vertical plane090旁向重叠lateral overlap， side overlap， side laP 134真地平线true horizon 091骨架航线(又称“构架航线”)control strip 135视地平线apparent horizon 092曝光exposure 136象地平线(又称“合线”、“真水平线”)image093摄影处理photographic processing horizon, horizon trace, vanishing line094显影developing 137象点位移displacement of image 095定影fixing 138投影差relief displacement，height displacement 096感光sensitising 139倾斜位移tilt displacement 097接触晒印contact printing 140主合点principal vanishing point 098投影晒印projection printing 141核点epipole099反差contrast 142核面epipolar plane 100反差系数contrast coefficient 143核线epipolar line， epipolar ray 101景物反差object contrast 144主核线principal epipolar line 102地面照度illuminance of ground 145主核面principal epipolar plane 103影象质量image quality 146垂核面vertical epipolar plane 104影象分辨力(又称“象元地面分辨力”。
你该了解的20个中英文摄影常用术语
你该了解的20个中英文摄影常用术语对于摄影新手，买来相机第一件事是看说明书，各种数据、标志以及搭配术语都会让你应接不暇，不要困惑，下面就来给大家列举常用的20个中英文摄影术语解释。
1、Aperture 光圈:镜头开孔的大小，决定通过的光线量。
2、Aperture-priority 光圈优先:一种自动曝光模式，摄影者选择光圈，相机会自动根据光圈来决定快门的速度，从而得到正确的曝光。
3、Back lighting 逆光:从拍摄主体的背后朝向相机的光线。
4、Broad lighting 主光:在人像摄影中，照亮面对相机一侧脸部的光源。
5、Catch light 眼神光:光源反射到被摄主体眼神里的光点。
6、Depth field景深:影像具有能够接受的清晰度时，距离相机的最近区域到最远区域的范围。
7、CMYK 青品黄黑:印刷品和数码打印机使用的四种颜色，数码影像可以用青品黄黑或者红绿蓝进行存储和编辑并且可以相互转换。
8、Color temperature 色温:对光线色彩的数据描述，以K为单位。
9、Close-up 近距拍摄:使用适当焦距的镜头近距离拍摄。
10、Filter 滤光镜:一片彩色的玻璃、塑料或其他材料，用于吸收某种波长的光线。
11、Focal length 焦距:当镜头对无限远调焦时，从镜头到焦平面的距离。
12、Focus 调焦:从镜头进入的光线形成的清晰影像；调节镜头和景物之间的距离，从而尽可能的形成清晰的影像。
13、Light meter 测光表:一种用来测量光的强度的仪器。
在摄影中测光表被用来确定适当的曝光时间。
在胶片感光度和快门速度已知的情况下测光表给出获得最佳曝光的光圈值。
测光表也被用来做照明来控制照明的亮度，或者被用作手持的仪器来确保光强符合一定的要求。
14、Long lens 长镜头:长焦距镜头是指焦距长于标准尺寸的摄影物镜。
在电影摄影中，选取水平视角为23?－24?，相应焦距约为画幅对角线长度两倍的摄影物镜作为标准镜头。
最全摄影专业词汇中英对照
运动镜头中的推、拉、摇、移、跟、升降1．推与拉：推，是指观众的视线逐渐接近被摄对象，逐渐把观众的观察由整体引向局部。
拉，正好与推相反，是把观众的注意力由局部引向整体，使人获得一个较为全面的印象。
推、拉镜头，实际上是一种逐渐改变视距的方法，一般是将摄象机放在移动车上拍摄成的。
用变焦镜头拍摄也可以获得推拉效果。
2．摇与横移：摇，是摄像机位置不动，只是镜头变动拍摄方向。
摇，可以左右摇，上下摇，也可以斜摇，转圈摇。
摇镜头的作用是，更好地表现空间，表现人和物在空间的关系，可以把许多事物连起来表现。
摇镜头的落幅有时也有突出主题的作用。
横移，是把摄像机放在移动车上，向一侧拍摄的镜头。
横移的作用也是表现空间和把一些事物连起来表现。
横移镜头与摇镜头不同的是：摇镜头，摄像位置不动，只改变拍摄方向；横移镜头是方向不变，只移动摄像机。
3．跟跟，是摄像机跟随运动中的物体拍摄。
有摇跟和移跟，也可以连摇带移地跟，作用是更好地表现运动的事物。
4．升降升、降，是把摄像机摆在升降机械上拍摄的镜头。
在拍摄过程中，由于摄像机的升降而不断改变视点的高度，以变化画面的空间。
具体英文翻译：DOLLY SHOT 推拉镜头将摄影机各某个场景推进或拉出所摄得的镜头。
推拉镜头可以把行动中的人物和景物交织在一起，产生强烈的动态和节奏感，不同的内容、情景、节奏，运用推拉镜头，可产生不同的效果。
PAN 横摇镜头摄影机在定点上，对一场面作水平运动的拍摄方式。
FLUID CAMERA 运动摄影指在拍摄一个镜头时，摄影机的持续性运动。
FOLLOWING SHOT 跟拍镜头随物体移动，保持物体在银幕空间的镜头。
CRANE SHOT 升降镜头摄影机在升降机上做上下运动所拍摄的画面，是一种从多个视点表现场景的方法。
其变化有垂直升降、弧形升降、斜向升降或不规则升降。
升降镜头在速度和节奏方面运用适当，可以创造性的表达一场戏的情调。
摄影词典(300条)A安全灯Safelight又称安全灯。
摄影测量常用术语中英文对照
摄影测量常用术语中英文对照摄影测量常用术语中英文对照03.001摄影测量学 photogrammetry03.002卫星摄影测量 satellite photogrammetry03.003摄影学 photography03.004航天摄影 space photography03.005航空摄影 aerial photography03.006航空摄影机 aerial camera03.007立体摄影机 stereocamera， stereometric camera03.008非量测摄影机non－metric camera03.009量测摄影机 metric camera03.010全景摄影机panoramic camera，panorama camera 03.011框幅摄影机 frame camera03.012条幅［航带］摄影机continuous strip camera, strip camera 03.013阵列摄影机 array camera03.014电荷耦合器件摄影机(简称“CCD摄影机”)charge－coupled device camera03.015多谱段摄影机 multispectral camera03.016地面摄影机 terrestrial camera03.017弹道摄影机 ballistic camera03.018水下摄影机 underwater camera03.019大象幅摄影机 large format camera，LFC03.020恒星摄影机 stellar camera03.021地平线摄影机 horizon camera03.022反束光导管摄象机 return beam vidicon camera， RBV 03.023象幅 picture format03.024框标 fiducial mark03.025象移补偿image motion compensation，IMC，forward motion compensation， FMC03.026焦距 focal length03.027快门 shutter03.028中心快门 between-the-lens shutter， lens shutter03.029帘幕快门(又称“焦面快门) focal plane shutter， curtain shutter03.030景深 depth of field03.031超焦点距离 hyperfocal distance03.032孔径(又称“光圈”) aperture03.033光圈号数 f-number， stop-number03.034象场角 objective angle of image field， angular field of view03.035瞬时现场(又称“空间分解力”，其值为地面分解力2．5～2．8倍) instantaneous field－of－view， IFOV03.036畸变［差］ distortion03.037全景畸变 panoramic distortion03.038几何畸变 geometric distortion03.039径向畸变 radial distortion03.040切向畸变tangential distortion，tangential lens distortion 03.041物镜分辨率 resolving power of lens03.042影象分辨率 resolving power of image (注：一毫米内能分辨线对条数)03.043正片 positive03.044负片 negative03.045透明负片 dianegative03.046透明正片 diapositive, transparent positive03.047反转片 reversal film03.048盲色片 achromatic film03.049正色片orthochromatic film03.050全色片 panchromatic film03.051红外片 infrared film03.052黑白片 black-and-white film03.053彩色片 color film03.054全色红外片 panchromatic infrared film03.055彩色红外片(又称“假彩色片”) color infrared film，false color film03.056航摄软片 aerial film03.057感光度 sensitivity03.058感光材料 sensitive material03.059彩色感光材料 color sensitive material03.060感光测定 sensitometry03.061感光特性曲线characteristic curve of photographic emulsion03.062光谱感光度(又称“光谱灵敏度”) spectral sensitivity03.063黑白摄影 black-and-white photography03.064彩色摄影 color photography03.065假彩色摄影 false color photography03.066红外摄影 infrared photography03.067全息摄影 hologram photography， holography03.068缩微摄影 microphotography, microcopying03.069低倍放大摄影 pnotomacrography03.070显微摄影 photomicrography03.071多谱段摄影 multispectral photography03.072全景摄影 panoramic photography03.073竖直摄影 vertical photography03.074倾斜摄影 oblique photography03.075小象幅航空摄影small format aerial photography，SFAP 03.076摄站 camera station， exposure station03.077摄影航线 flight line of aerial photography03.078摄影分区 flight block03.079摄影比例尺 photographic scale03.080摄影基线 photographic baseline， air base03.081摄影质量 photographic quality03.082航摄领航 navigation of aerial photography03.083航摄计划 flight plan of aerial photography03.084航摄漏洞 aerial photographic gap03.085航高 flying height， flight height03.086相对航高 relative flying height03.087绝对航高 absolute flying height03.088基一高比 base-height ratio03.089航向重叠 longitudinal overlap end overlap， forward overlap, fore－and－aft overlap03.090旁向重叠 lateral overlap， side overlap， side laP03.091骨架航线(又称“构架航线”) control strip03.092曝光 exposure03.093摄影处理 photographic processing03.094显影 developing03.095定影 fixing03.096感光 sensitising03.097接触晒印contact printing03.098投影晒印 projection printing03.099反差 contrast03.100反差系数 contrast coefficient03.101景物反差 object contrast03.102地面照度illuminance of ground03.103影象质量 image quality03.104影象分辨力(又称“象元地面分辨力”。
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摄影测量常用术语中英文对照03.001摄影测量学 photogrammetry03.002卫星摄影测量 satellite photogrammetry03.003摄影学 photography03.004航天摄影 space photography03.005航空摄影 aerial photography03.006航空摄影机 aerial camera03.007立体摄影机 stereocamera， stereometric camera03.008非量测摄影机non－metric camera03.009量测摄影机 metric camera03.010全景摄影机 panoramic camera， panorama camera 03.011框幅摄影机 frame camera03.012条幅［航带］摄影机 continuous strip camera, strip camera 03.013阵列摄影机 array camera03.014电荷耦合器件摄影机(简称“CCD摄影机”)charge－coupled device camera03.015多谱段摄影机 multispectral camera03.016地面摄影机 terrestrial camera03.017弹道摄影机 ballistic camera03.018水下摄影机 underwater camera03.019大象幅摄影机 large format camera，LFC03.020恒星摄影机 stellar camera03.021地平线摄影机 horizon camera03.022反束光导管摄象机 return beam vidicon camera， RBV 03.023象幅 picture format03.024框标 fiducial mark03.025象移补偿 image motion compensation，IMC， forward motion compensation， FMC03.026焦距 focal length03.027快门 shutter03.028中心快门 between-the-lens shutter， lens shutter03.029帘幕快门(又称“焦面快门) focal plane shutter， curtain shutter03.030景深 depth of field03.031超焦点距离 hyperfocal distance03.032孔径(又称“光圈”) aperture03.033光圈号数 f-number， stop-number03.034象场角 objective angle of image field， angular field of view03.035瞬时现场(又称“空间分解力”，其值为地面分解力2．5～2．8倍) instantaneous field－of－view， IFOV03.036畸变［差］ distortion03.037全景畸变 panoramic distortion03.038几何畸变 geometric distortion03.039径向畸变 radial distortion03.040切向畸变 tangential distortion，tangential lens distortion 03.041物镜分辨率 resolving power of lens03.042影象分辨率 resolving power of image (注：一毫米内能分辨线对条数)03.043正片 positive03.044负片 negative03.045透明负片 dianegative03.046透明正片 diapositive, transparent positive03.047反转片 reversal film03.048盲色片 achromatic film03.049正色片orthochromatic film03.050全色片 panchromatic film03.051红外片 infrared film03.052黑白片 black-and-white film03.053彩色片 color film03.054全色红外片 panchromatic infrared film03.055彩色红外片(又称“假彩色片”) color infrared film， false color film03.056航摄软片 aerial film03.057感光度 sensitivity03.058感光材料 sensitive material03.059彩色感光材料 color sensitive material03.060感光测定 sensitometry03.061感光特性曲线characteristic curve of photographic emulsion03.062光谱感光度(又称“光谱灵敏度”) spectral sensitivity03.063黑白摄影 black-and-white photography03.064彩色摄影 color photography03.065假彩色摄影 false color photography03.066红外摄影 infrared photography03.067全息摄影 hologram photography， holography03.068缩微摄影 microphotography, microcopying03.069低倍放大摄影 pnotomacrography03.070显微摄影 photomicrography03.071多谱段摄影 multispectral photography03.072全景摄影 panoramic photography03.073竖直摄影 vertical photography03.074倾斜摄影 oblique photography03.075小象幅航空摄影 small format aerial photography， SFAP 03.076摄站 camera station， exposure station03.077摄影航线 flight line of aerial photography03.078摄影分区 flight block03.079摄影比例尺 photographic scale03.080摄影基线 photographic baseline， air base03.081摄影质量 photographic quality03.082航摄领航 navigation of aerial photography03.083航摄计划 flight plan of aerial photography03.084航摄漏洞 aerial photographic gap03.085航高 flying height， flight height03.086相对航高 relative flying height03.087绝对航高 absolute flying height03.088基一高比 base-height ratio03.089航向重叠 longitudinal overlap end overlap， forward overlap, fore－and－aft overlap03.090旁向重叠 lateral overlap， side overlap， side laP03.091骨架航线(又称“构架航线”) control strip03.092曝光 exposure03.093摄影处理 photographic processing03.094显影 developing03.095定影 fixing03.096感光 sensitising03.097接触晒印contact printing03.098投影晒印 projection printing03.099反差 contrast03.100反差系数 contrast coefficient03.101景物反差 object contrast03.102地面照度illuminance of ground03.103影象质量 image quality03.104影象分辨力(又称“象元地面分辨力”。
指象元地面尺寸。
) image resolution ,ground resolution03.105像片 photo，photograph03.106竖直摄影像片 vertical photograph03.107倾斜摄影像片 oblique photograph03.108航摄像片 aerial photograph03.109地平线像片 horizon photograph03.110像片比例尺 photo scale03.111数字影象(又称“数字图象”) digital image03.112数字化影象 digitized image03.113光学密度 optical density03.114密度计 densitometer03.115测微密度计 microdensitometer03.116光学传递函数 optical transfer function， OTF03.117相位传递函数 phase transfer function， PTF03.118调制传递函数 modulation transfer function， MTF 03.119维纳频谱 Winer spectrum03.120透光率 transmittance03.121灰楔 grey wedge, optical wedae03.122密度density03.123灰度 grey level03.124象元 pixel， picture element03.125密度分割 density slicing03.126象主点 principal point of photograph03.127象底点 photo nadir point03.128地底点 ground nadir point03.129象等角点 isocenter of photogrgaph03.130等比线 ipometric parallel03.131像片基线 photo base03.132象主纵线 principal line［of photograph］03.133主垂面 principal plane［of photograph］， principal vertical plane03.134真地平线 true horizon03.135视地平线 apparent horizon03.136象地平线(又称“合线”、“真水平线”) image horizon, horizon trace, vanishing line03.137象点位移 displacement of image03.138投影差 relief displacement，height displacement03.139倾斜位移 tilt displacement03.140主合点 principal vanishing point03.141核点 epipole03.142核面 epipolar plane03.143核线 epipolar line， epipolar ray03.144主核线 principal epipolar line03.145主核面 principal epipolar plane03.146垂核面 vertical epipolar plane03.147垂核线 vertical epipolar line03.148同名核线 corresponding epipolar line03.149像片方位角 azimuth of photograph03.150像片内方位元素 elements of interior orientation03.151像片外方位元素 elements of exterior orientation03.152像片方位元素 photo orientation elements03.153姿态 attitude03.154姿态参数 attitude parameter03.155像片倾角 tilt angle of photograph03.156航向倾角 longitudinal tilt， pitch03.157旁向倾角 lateral tilt， roll03.158像片旋角 swing angle, yaw03.159立体象对 stereopair03.160立体观测 stereoscopic observation03.161互补色立体观察 anaglyphical stereoscopic viewing03.162偏振光立体观察vectograph method of stereoscopic viewing03.163立体视觉 stereocopic vision03.164正立体 orthostereoscopy03.165反立体 pseudostereoscopy03.166左右视差 horizontal parallax，x－parallax03.167上下视差 vertical parallax，y－parallax03.168同名象点 corresponding image points，homologous image points03.169标准配置点 Gruber point03.170定向点 orientation point03.171内部定向 interior orientation03.172外部定向 exterior orientation03.173相对走向 relative orientation03.174绝对定向 absolute orientation03.175相对定向元素 elements of relative orientation03.176绝对定向元素 elements of absolute orientation03.177几何反转原理 principle of geometric reverse(注：根据光路可逆性，建立所摄对象模型的原理)03.178同名光线 corresponding image rays03.179全能法测图universal method of photogrammetric mapping，yнивepcaльн-ыйметодаэрофотограмметрическойсьёмки(俄)03.180分工法测图(又称“微分法测图”) differential method of photogrammetric mapping,дифференцированныйметодаэрофотограмметрическойсьёмки（俄）03.181综合法测图photo planimetric method of photogrammetric mapping，комбинированныйметодаэрофотограмметрическойсьёмки（俄）03.182纠正 rectification03.183像片纠正 photo rectification03.184像片平面图 photoplan03.185光学纠正 optical rectification03.186光学机械纠正 optical－mechanical rectification03.187图解纠正 graphical rectification03.188光学图解纠正 optical graphical rectification03.189仿射纠正 affine rectification03.190分带纠正 zonal rectification03.191多级纠正 multistage rectification03.192纠正图底 basis for rectification03.193光学条件 optical condition(注：保证纠正仪上物、象平面光学共轭的条件)03.194几何条件 geometric condition(注：保证纠正仪上正确投影关系的条件)03.195纠正元素 element of rectification03.196合点控制 vanishing point control03.197交线条件(又称“向甫鲁条件”、“恰普斯基条件”) condition of intersection，Scheimpflug condition, Czapski condition03.198透视旋转定律(又称“沙尔定律”) rotation axiom of the perspective， rotational theorem， Chasles theorem03.199像片镶嵌 photo mosaic03.200光学镶嵌 optical mosaic03.201镶嵌索引图 index mosaic03.202调绘 annotation03.203像片判读 photo interpretation03.204目视判读 visual interpretation03.205明显地物点 outstanding point．03.206人工标志【点】 artificial target03.207辐射三角测量 radial triangulation03.208立体摄影测量stereophotogrammetry， twoimage photogrammetry03.209模拟法测图 analog photogrammetric plotting03.210变换光束测图 affine plotting03.211光学投影 optical projection03.212机械投影 mechanical projection03.213光学机械投影 optical-mechanlcal projection03.214像片主距 principal distance of photo03.215摄影机主距 principal distance of camera03.216投影器主距 principal distance of projector03.217立体模型 stereoscopic model03.218几何模型 geometric model03.219视模型 perceived model03.220模型缩放 scaling of model03.221模型置平 leveling of model03.222模型连接 bridging of model03.223空中三角测量 aerotriangulation03.224空中水准测量 aeroleveling03.225空中导线测量 aeropolygonometry03.226模拟空中三角测量 analog aerotriangulation03.227阿贝比长原理 Abbe comparator principle03.228波罗一科普原理 Porro－Koppe principle03.229空间后方交会 Space resection03.230空间前方交会 space intersection03.231摄影测量坐标系 photogrammetric coordinate system 03.232象平面坐标系 photo coordinate system03.233象空间坐标系 image space coordinate system03.234物空间坐标系 object space coordinate system03.235罗德里格斯矩阵 Rodrigues matrix03.236构象方程 imaging equation03.237共线方程 collinearity equation03.238共面方程 coplanarity equation03.239投影方程 projection equation03.240加密点 pass point03.241连接点 tie point03.242解析空中三角测量(俗称“电算加密”) analytical aerotriangulation03.243航带法空中三角测量 strip aerial triangulation03.244独立模型法空中三角测量independent model aerial triangulation，aerotriangulation by independent model03.245光束法空中三角测量 bundle aerial triangulation03.246联机空中三角测量on—line aerophotogrammetric triangulation03.247区域网平差 block adjustment03.248自检校 self－calibration03.249联合平差 combined adjustment03.250数据探测法 data snooping03.251粗差检测 gross error detection03.252选权迭代法 iteration method with variable weights03.253解析纠正 analytical rectification03.254解析定向 analytical orientation03.255解析测图 analytical mapping03.256数控绘图桌 digital tracing table03.257机助测图 computer－assisted mapping， computer－aided mapping03.258正射投影技术 orthophoto technique03.259微分纠正 differential rectification03.260正射像片 orthophoto03.261立体正射像片 orthophoto stereo-mate03.262正射影象图 orthophotoquad(注：不带等高线影象图) 03.263正射影象地图 orthophoto map(注：带等高线影象图) 03.264量化 quantizing， quantization03.265采样 sampling03.266重采样 resampling03.267采样间隔 sampling interval03.268数字测图 digital mapping03.269数字纠正 digital rectification03.270数字镶嵌 digital mosaic03.271影象匹配 image matching03.272影象相关 image correlation03.273光学相关 optical correlation03.274电子相关 electronic correlation03.275数字相关 digital correlation03.276核线相关 epipolar correlation03.277最小二乘相关 least squares correlation03.278目标区 target area03.279搜索区 searching area03.280邻元法 neighborhood method03.281数字高程模型 digital elevation model， DEM 03.282数字表面模型 digital surface model,DSM03.283摄影测量内插 photogrammetric interpolation 03.284多项式法 polynomial method03.285双线性内插 bi－linear interpolation method 03.286双三次卷积 bi－cubic convolution03.287样条函数法 splines method03.288有限元法 finite elements method03.289移动拟合法 moving average method03.290地面摄影测量 terrestrial photogrammetry 03.291正直摄影 normal case photography03.292等偏摄影 parallel—averted photography03.293交向摄影 convergent photography03.294等倾摄影 equally tilted photography03.295全息摄影测量 hologrammetry03.296显微摄影测量 microphotogrammetry03.297电子显微摄影测量 nanophotogrammetry03.298双介质摄影测量 two－medium photogrammetry03.299近景摄影测量 close－range photogrammetry03.300超近摄影测量 macrophotogrammetry (注：物距在0．l～0．0lm的摄影测量)03.301直接线性变换direct linear transformation， DLT03.302穆瓦条纹图(曾用名“莫尔条纹图”) moire topography 03.303弹道摄影测量 ballistic photogrammetry03.304工程摄影测量 engineering photogrammetry03.305工业摄影测量 industrial photogrammetry03.306建筑摄影测量 architectural photogrammetry03.307考古摄影测量 archaeological photogrammetry03.308生物医学摄影测量 biomedical photogrammetry03.309X射线摄影测量 X－ray photogrammetry03.310实时摄影测量 real－time photogrammetry03.311计算机视觉 computer vision03.312遥感 remote sensing03.313资源与环境遥感 remote sensing of natural resources and environment03.314主动式遥感 active remote sensing03.315被动式遥感 passive remote sensing03.316多谱段遥感 multispectral remote sensing03.317多时相遥感 multitemporal remote sensing03.318红外遥感 infrared remote sensing03.319微波遥感 microwave remote sensing03.320太阳辐射波谱 solar radiation spectrum03.321大气窗 atmospheric window03.322大气透过率 atmospheric transmissivity03.323大气噪声 atmospheric noise03.324大气传输特性 characteristic of atmospheric transmission 03.325波谱特征曲线 spectrum character curve03.326波谱响应曲线 spectrum response curve03.327波谱特征空间 spectrum feature space03.328波谱集群 spectrum cluster03.329红外波谱 infrared spectrum03.330反射波谱 reflectance spectrum03.331电磁波谱 electro-magnetic spectrum03.332功率谱 power spectrum03.333地物波谱特性 object spectrum characteristic03.334热辐射 thermal radiation03.335微波辐射 microwave radiation03.336数据获取 data acquisition03.337数据传输 data transmission03.338数据处理 data processing03.339地面接收站 ground receiving station03.340数字磁带 digital tape03.341模拟磁带 analog tape03.342计算机兼容磁带 computer compatible tape，CCT03.343高密度数字磁带 high density digital tape， HDDT03.344图象复原 image restoration03.345模糊影象 fuzzy image03.346卫星像片图 satellite photo map03.347红外图象 infrared imagery03.348热红外图象thermal infrared imagery， thermal IR imagery03.349微波图象 microwave imagery03.350成象雷达 imaging radar03.351熵编码 entropy coding03.352冗余码 redundant code03.353冗余信息 redundant information03.354信息量 contents of information03.355信息提取 information extraction03.356月球轨道飞行器 lunar orbiter03.357空间实验室 Spacelab03.358航天飞机 space shuttle03.359陆地卫星 Landsat03.360海洋卫星 Seasat03.361测图卫星 Mapsat03.362立体卫星 Stereosat03.363礼炮号航天站Salyut space station，op6иTaльнаястанция “Caлют”（俄）03.364联盟号宇宙飞船 Soyuz spacecraft, KOPa6ль“Coюз”（俄）03.365SPOT卫星SPOT satellite，systeme probatoire d’observation de la terse（法）03.366地球资源卫星 earth resources technology satellite， ERTS 03.367环境探测卫星 environmental survey satellite03.368地球同步卫星 geo－synchronous satellite03.369太阳同步卫星 sun－synchronous satellite03.370卫星姿态 satellite attitude03.371遥感平台 remote sensing platform03.372主动式传感器 active sensor03.373被动式传感器 passive sensor03.374推扫式传感器 push－broom sensor03.375静态传感器 static sensor03.376动态传感器 dynamic sensor03.377光学传感器 optical sensor03.378微波传感器 microwave remote sensor03.379光电传感器 photoelectric sensor03.380辐射传感器 radiation sensor03.381星载传感器 satellite－borne sensor03.382机载传感器 airborne sensor03.383姿态测量传感器 attitude－measuring sensor 03.384探测器 detector03.385摄谱仪 spectrograph03.386航空摄谱仪 aerial spectrograph03.387波谱测定仪 spectrometer03.388地面摄谱仪 terrestrial spectrograPh03.389测距雷达 range－only radar03.390微波辐射计 microwave radiometer03.391红外辐射计 infrared radiometer03.392侧视雷达 side－looking radar, SLR03.393真实孔径雷达 real－aperture radar03.394合成孔径雷达 synthetic aperture radar， SAR 03.395专题测图传感器 thematic mapper， TM 03.396红外扫描仪 infrared scanner03.397多谱段扫描仪 multispectral scanner． M SS 03.398数字图象处理 digital image processing03.399光学图象处理 optical image processing03.400实时处理 real－time processing03.401地面实况 ground truth03.402几何校正 geometric correction03.403辐射校正 radiometric correction03.404数字滤波 digital filtering03.405图象几何配准 geometric registration of imagery 03.406图象几何纠正 geometric rectification of imagery 03.407图象镶嵌 image mosaic03.408图象数字化 image digitisation03.409彩色合成仪 additive colir viewer03.410假彩色合成 false color composite03.411直接法纠正 direct scheme of digital rectification 03.412间接法纠正 indirect scheme of digital rectification 03.413图象识别 image recognition03.414图象编码 image coding03.415彩色编码 color coding03.416多时相分析 multitemporal analysis03.417彩色坐标系 color coordinate system03.418图象分割 image segmentation03.419图象复合 image overlaying03.420图象描述 image description03.421二值图象 binary image03.422直方图均衡 histogram equalization03.423直方图规格化 histogram specification03.424图象变换 image transformation03.425彩色变换 color transformation03.426伪彩色 pseudo－color03.427假彩色 false color03.428主分量变换 principal component transformation 03.429阿达马变换 Hadamard transformation03.430沃尔什变换 Walsh transformation03.431比值变换 ratio transformation03.432生物量指标变换 biomass index transformation 03.433穗帽变换tesseled cap transformation03.434参照数据 reference data03.435图象增强 image enhancement03.436边缘增强 edge enhancement03.437边缘检测 edge detection03.438反差增强 contrast enhancement03.439纹理增强 texture enhancement03.440比例增强 ratio enhancement03.441纹理分析 texture analysis03.442彩色增强 color enhancement03.443模式识别 pattern recognition03.444特征 feature03.445特征提取 feature extraction03.446特征选择 feature selection03.447特征编码 feature coding03.448距离判决函数 distance decision function03.449概率判决函数 probability decision function 03.450模式分析 pattern analysis03.451分类器 classifier03.452监督分类 supervised classification03.453非监督分类 unsupervised classification03.454盒式分类法 box classifier method03.455模糊分类法 fuzzy classifier method03.456最大似然分类 maximum likelihood classification 03.457最小距离分类 minimum distance classification 03.458贝叶斯分类 Bayesian classification03.459机助分类 computer－assisted classification 03.460图象分析 image analysis。