安阳历史

开篇

Foreword

洹水安阳名不虚，三千年前是帝都。

Anyang, located near the Huanshui River, is really worthy of its reputation for being an imperial capital 3,000 years ago.

安阳——是中国八大古都之一，国家历史文化名城、中国优秀旅游城市。安阳是五经之首——《周易》的发祥地，是中国最早的文字——甲骨文的发现地，是国家博物馆镇馆之宝——司母戊鼎的出土地，是华夏人祖之根——颛顼帝喾的繁衍地。安阳还有世界文化遗产——殷墟，有被国际友人誉为“世界第八大奇迹”的人工天河——红旗渠，有世界唯一一座以文字为主题的国家级博物馆——中国文字博物馆，以及轰动海内外的考古发现——曹操高陵，中国“庞贝古城”——三杨庄汉代遗址。悠久的历史、灿烂的文化和秀美的山水，构成了一幅磅礴恢弘的美丽画卷。

Anyang is one of the eight ancient capitals of China; a national famous historical & cultural city; as well as an excellent tourist city of China. Anyang is the cradle of Chouyi, which ranks top of the five classic works of China; the hometown of oracle-bone inscriptions---the earliest writing of China; the place where uncovered Simuwu square cauldron---one of the masterpieces of the National Museum of China; Anyang has Yinxu---a world cultural heritage; Red Flag Canal---the man-made Milky Way, which is appraised a s “the 8th Miracle in the World”; National Museum of Chinese Writing, the only writing-themed national museum in the world; Cao Cao Mausoleum,

（一)古韵悠长

ⅠTime-Honoured History

1.二帝圣陵

1. Mausoleums of Emperors Zhuan Xu and Di Ku

大约4000多年前，上古时代“三皇五帝”中的颛顼、帝喾二位帝王在安阳境内建都，分别在位70多年，是中华民族先民们所崇拜的君王。如今安阳市内黄县就有二帝陵遗址。颛顼创制了九州，确定了兖、冀、青、徐、豫、荆、扬、雍、梁九州的名称和分辖区域，中国首次有了自己的版图和行政区划。至此，华夏泱泱大国雏形初现，“日月所照，莫不砥属”。此外，颛顼、帝喾加强君权，控制神权，建立人、神分治的官制；伐共工，拓疆土，平水害，利于民；缔造《颛顼历》以指导农事，促进了国家富强，社会发展，为尧舜时期的新发展奠定了基础。

The two emperors of Zhuan Xu and Di Ku, who were among the “Three Emperors and Five Sovereigns” in prehistorical times, both set their capitals in Anyang about 4,000 years ago. They each reigned for more than 70 years, and were worshipped by the ancient Chinese people. Their mausoleums are now located in Nei Huang County, Anyang City. Zhuan Xu instituted 9 states of Yan, Ji, Qing, Xu, Yu, Jing, Yang, Yong, Liang, and defined each district. That was the first time of all for China having its own territory and administrative districts. Moreover, Zhuan Xu and Di Ku strengthened sovereignty, held

theocracy and built the separate official systems of people and gods. They defeated Gong Gong, expanded the territory, addressed the flood issue and brought benefit to the people. They created the Calendar of Zhuan Xu to guide agricultural affairs, thus promoted national prosperity and social developmet, laying a foundation for new progress in the period of Yao and Shun.

2.帝都殷墟

2、Yinxu--- Imperial Capital

殷墟，位于中国历史文化名城——安阳市的西北郊，横跨洹河南北两岸。古称“北蒙”，甲骨文卜辞中又称为“大邑商”、“邑商”，是中国商代晚期的都城，也是中国历史上第一个有文献可考、并为甲骨文和考古发掘所证实的古代都城遗址，距今已有3300年的历史。

Yinxu is located in the northwest of Anyang---a famous historical & cultural city of China, lays astride the north and south banks of Huan River. It was called “North Meng” anciently, as well as “Grand Yishang” and “Yishang” in oracle-bone inscriptions. Yinxu was the capital city in late Shang Dynasty, which was 3,300 years ago. It was the first relic of ancient capital in China that was recorded in documents and has been proved by oracle-bone inscriptions and archaeological excavation.

1899年甲骨文发现和1928年殷墟科学发掘以来，殷墟以其甲骨文、青铜器、大规模都城遗址，标志着中国古代高度繁荣发达的文明，奠定了殷墟作为中国古代第一个有文字可考的古代都城地位。

Since the discovery of the Oracle Bone Inscriptions in 1899 and the scientific excavation of Yinxu in 1928, Yinxu, with the Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Bronzes, and large-scale capital sites, has been an icon, demonstrating the height of flourishing civilization in ancient China. And Yinxu thereafter began to enjoy the repuation of the first ancient capital in Chinese history, as proved by writing records.

3.漳邺史迹

3. Zhangye Historical Site

漳河古称漳水，殷墟出土的甲骨文中，多有商王来此举行大型祭祀的记载，这说明漳水和洹水、汤水一样都是商王朝的母亲河，而漳水这位“母亲”给我们留下了众多历史文化遗迹。

In ancient times, Zhanghe River was named Zhangshui River. According to the Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yinxu, there were many large-scale rituals held by Shang Kings, which showed that Zhangshui River, as Huanshui River and Shangshui River, were the mother river of Shang Dynasty. The "mother" of Zhangshui River left us many historical relics and cultural remains.

渔洋村浓缩了安阳6000年的历史，各个历史时期文化的发展和演变，在这里都有实物和印证，被外界称之为中国最古老的村庄。

In Yuyang Village, the oldest village in China as dubbed by some people, 6,000 years of the Anyang’s history was concentrated in this small place. The deve lopment and evolution of cultures in different historical periods can find their evidences here.