基于单片机的交通灯控制系统设计

兰州文理学院学生毕业论文

题目：基于单片机的交通灯控制系统

作者：

指导老师：

电子信息工程学院电子系电子信息工程技术专业2011 级三年年制一班

2013年11月15 日

基于单片机的交通灯控制系统

摘要：介绍一种基于单片机的交通灯控制系统设计。本文在对目前交通控制进

行深入分析的基础上，运用程序时间控制、传感器检测、实时调整智能化控制的实现技术，将传感器监测、实时调整车辆通行时间的算法与单片机控制作用相结合，提出了基于单片机的交通控制系统设计方案。

硬件方面该方案主要是基于单片机的交通灯控制系统由单片机、交通灯显示、LED倒计时、车流量检测及调整、违规检测、智能报警、紧急处理、时间模式手动设置等模块组成。系统除基本交通灯功能外，还具有通行时间手动设置、可倒计时显示、急车强行通过、车流量检测及调整、交通异常状况判别及处理等相关功能。理论证明该系统能够简单、经济、有效地疏导交通，提高交通路口的通行能力。

程序方面，编写适应某一地方的程序，输入到相应的单片机当中以调整时间、智能检测、以及智能报警等应用使之成为某一地方的一套独特的交通灯控制系统。这样可以保证高效安全的交通秩序，除了制定一系列的交通规则，还必须通过一定的科技手段加以实现。

本设计主要做了如下几方面的工作：一是确定系统交通控制的总体设计，包括，十字路口具体的通行禁行方案设计以及系统应拥有的各项功能，二是进行传感器的硬件电路、显示电路等的设计和基本功能要求。

关键字：交通控制；传感检测；单片机；智能时间控制

Abstract

This paper introduces a design of control system of traffic lights based on single chip microcomputer. Based on the current traffic control based on the thorough analysis, application time to achieve control, sensor detection, real-time adjustment of intelligent control, sensor monitoring, real-time adjustments to traffic control algorithm and the role of single-chip combination, put forward the design scheme of traffic control system based on single chip microcomputer.

The hardware aspect of the project is mainly composed of a traffic light control system based on single chip microcomputer, the traffic light display, LED countdown, traffic detection and adjustment, violation detection, intelligent alarm, emergency treatment, time mode manual settings module based on. In addition to the basic traffic lights function, but also with the passage of time manually, but the countdown display, urgent vehicle passing, distinguishing traffic detection and adjustment, and handling of traffic anomalies and other related functions. Theory shows that the system can simple, economic and effective relieves traffic, improving the traffic intersection traffic capacity.

The program, written to a local procedure, the input to the corresponding microcontroller to adjust the time, intelligent detection, and smart alarm application to become a place of a set of traffic lights unique control system. This can ensure safe and efficient traffic order, except for a series of traffic rules, it must be achieved through certain means of science and technology.

This design mainly do the following aspects of work: one is to determine the overall design, traffic control system includes a crossroads, specific traffic ban the function design and the system should have, the two is the hardware circuit for the sensor, display circuit design and the basic functional requirements.

Key Words:Traffic control；sensor；SCM；intelligent control