石油勘探开采科普课件(英文)
石油地质学英文课件Chapter 1
China University of Geosciences, Wuhan
Petroleum Geology
1.2 Chemical properties
(1) Elemental composition
The main elements are Carbon and Hydrogen; The minor elements are Sulfur,Nitrogen and Oxygen (normally less than 3%); Trace elements are heavy metals,such as V and Ni.
1 Crude oils
1.1 Definition 1.2 Chemical properties 1.3 Distillation 1.4 Classification 1.5 The differences between marine and
terrigenous oils 1.6 Physical properties
So nickel porphyrin and vanadium porphyrin are biological markers indicating crude oils derived from organic matters.
• Chlorophyll, the green photosynthetic pigment of plants.
China University of Geosciences, Wuhan
Petroleum Geology
1.1 Definition
• The word petroleum originates from the Latin words petra(“rock and stone”) and oleum(“oil”), just like its Chinese word, 石油 means “石” and “油”.
中英文对照的油气开采与钻探
很多其他材料也来自 于石油产品:
塑料 织布的材料 (例如: 聚酯纤
维) 日用化学品 各种油漆
Prepared by Tom Sheer
What else do we know about oil and gas?
se Paints
Prepared by Tom Sheer
你知道石油中含有天然气吗？
当石油被开采出来的时候，一些天然气也 随着石油被采出来。 天然气在石油里处于溶解状态，就像汽水 中溶解的发出嘶嘶响声的二氧化碳一样
一桶石油可能含有 1~10,000立方英尺的 天然气，含量的多少取决于油藏的类型。
Oil in it’s natural state can
be thick or thin, black or light colored.
When oil is refined, many p
roducts can be obtained:
Energy for power Gasoline for cars Diesel fuel for trucks and
Prepared by Tom Sheer
有的人认为石油在一个地下的大池子里.
实际上，大多数油是嵌在岩石颗粒和沙子之间很小 的孔隙里。大多数这样的孔隙肉眼是看不到的。
Prepared by Tom Sheer
Some people think that oil is in big pools undergrou
he carbon dioxide which is put inside of pop to give it its fizz.
油气开采与钻探-专业英语
在这里，30ft 长的钻杆被一 根根加到钻柱上。这样 钻头 待用钻杆
Here’s a picture of the drill bit drilling the rock.
这是一幅钻头在岩层中钻进的示意图
钻柱在地表被驱动旋转，带 动井眼底部的钻头旋转。
钻井泥浆被泵入钻杆内 部，从钻头的喷嘴流入 环形空间。环形空间是 钻杆和井壁之间的空间 。
钻头上的“牙齿”把岩石磨 成碎屑。
泥浆将岩屑循环带到地 表，在那里这些岩屑被 移除。
The Drilling Mud Cycle
有的人认为石油在一个地下的大池子里. 实际上，大多数油是嵌在岩石颗粒和沙子之间很小 的孔隙里。大多数这样的孔隙肉眼是看不到的。
• Oil and gas are found in natural traps within the earth. • These traps consist of domes or faults. Impermeable rock above the trap prevents the oil and gas from migrating up to surface. An “impermeable” rock is one that fluid cannot pass through. • without traps, the oil and gas could migrate all the way to the surface and evaporate.
这是一个有气顶的油藏的例子 Here’s an example of an Oil reservoir with a Gas cap
石油专业英语(钻井)课件
石油专业英语（钻井）2008-08-02 21:02Drilling 钻井Carry out drilling operation in accordance with the drilling program. 按钻井程序进行钻井作业. Prepared bell nipple. 准备”喇叭口”短节.Make up 2 joints of drill pipe. 接两根钻杆.Break out this connection. 卸开该接头.Run hole opener to sea bed. 下扩眼器到海底Mix gel fluid for drilling conductor hole. 为钻导管井眼配制高粘度泥浆.Make up bottom hole assembly. 组合下部钻具Check and reset crown-saver on every tour. 每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置.Number stands on trip out and trip in. 起下钻时给立柱编号.Pick up BHA and run to seafloor. 将下部钻具下到海底.Pick up stands. 接立柱（一个立柱就是三根钻杆接在一起）Don’t drill faster than 15 minutes for 1 stand. 钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱Drop TOTCO. 投(陶特)测斜仪Fish TOTCO with overshot. 用打捞筒捞起测斜仪Resume drilling to T.D. 继续钻进到总深Circulate 15 minutes.循环15分钟Run in hole. 下钻Put out of hole. 起钻Make an inventory of all ring gaskets. 开一个所有垫圈的清单Use spinning tong. 使用气动扳手Operate the air winch. 操作气动绞车Lay down 57 joints of 5”drill pipe. 甩57根钻杆Pick up drill stem test tool. 提起钻杆测试工具Circulate mud for 2 hours. 循环泥浆2小时Move string during circulation. 在循环时注意活动钻具Circulate hole clean. 循环清洗井眼Circulate bottoms up. 循环泥浆几周Fill up every 5 stands. 每5柱灌泥浆一次Check mud weight every 15 minutes.每15分钟检查泥浆比重Reverse out excess cement. 反循环替出多余的泥浆Change/replace old mud by new mud.用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆Stop drilling. 停止钻进Drilling ahead. 钻进Pull out of hole bit. 起出钻头Change bit. 换钻头Run the wear bushing. 下抗磨补心The bit thread type is regular pin. 钻头丝扣是正规公扣What’s the make-up torque? 上扣扭矩要多大?Run in 9”collars. 下9”钻铤The cathead can’t give enoughtorque. 猫头力量不够Connect crossover sub. 接上配合接头The tong angle is too small. 大钳的角度太小了地质年代术语英汉对照2008-08-0221:04stratum 地层stratigraphic correlation 地层对比horizon 层位key bed 标志层barren bed 哑层lacuna 缺失hiatus 间断continuity 连续discontinuity 不连续conformity 整合unconformity 不整合angular unconformity 角度不整合para-unconformity 平行不整合geochronologic unit 地质年代单位eon 宙era 代period 纪epoch 世stage 期chron 时chronostratigraphic unit 年代地层单位eonothem 宇erathem 界system 系series 统stage 阶chronozone 时带biostratigraphic unit 生物地层单位biostratigraphic zone 生物地层带lithostratigraphic unit 岩石地层单位group 群formation 组member 段bed 层geochronologic scale 地质年代表Phaneozoic Eon(Eonothem)显生宙（宇）Cainozoic Era(Erathem) 新生代（界）Cenozoic Era(Erathem) 新生代（界）Quaternary Period(System) 第四纪（系）Holocene Epoch(Series) 全新世（统）Pleistocene Epoch(Series) 更新世（统）Tertiary Period(System) 第三纪（系）Neogene Period(System) 新第三纪（系）Pliocene Epoch(Series) 上新世（统）Miocene Epoch(Series) 中新世（统）Paleogene Period(System) 老第三纪（系）Oligocene Epoch(Series) 渐新世（统）Eocene Epoch(Series) 始新世（统）Paleocene Epoch(Series) 古新世（统）Mesozoic Era(Erathem) 中生代（界）Cretaceous Period(System) 白垩纪（系）Jurassic Period(System) 侏罗纪（系）triassic Period(System) 三叠纪（系）Palaeozoic Era(Erathem) 古生代（界）Permian Period(System) 二叠纪（系）Carboniferous Period(System) 石炭纪（系）Devonian Period(System) 泥盆纪（系）Silurian Period(System) 志留纪（系）Ordovician Period(System) 奥陶纪（系）Cambrian Period(System) 寒武纪（系）Cryptozoic Eon(Eonothem) 隐生宙（宇）Proterozoic Eon(Eonothem) 元古宙（宇）Neoproterozoic Era(Erathem) 新元古代（界）Sinian Period(System 震旦纪（系）Mesoproterozoic Era(Erathem) 中元古代（界）Palaeoproterozoic Era(Erathem) 古元古代（界）Archaean Eon(Eonothem) 太古宙（宇）Precambrian 前寒武纪石油钻井词汇Part One SLICK-LINE（钢丝作业）A. TOOLS rope socket 绳帽stem 加重杆roll stem 滚轮加重杆Tungsten stem 钨加重杆Lead stem 铅加重杆link jar 机械震击器tubular jar 管状震击器hydraulic jar 液压震击器spring jar 弹簧震击器knuckle joint 万向节swivel joint 旋转节wellhead adapter 井口变扣短节X-Over 变扣gauge cutter 通井规selective downshift tool 选择性滑套开关工具shiftting tool 移位工具blind box 盲锤L.I.B(lead impression block) 铅印swaging tool 胀管器spear 打捞矛prong grab 内捞矛center spear 外捞矛catcher 捕捉器wirefinder 钢丝探测器Go devil-F.B 平底撞棍Go devil-C.B 刀杆撞棍retriever 钢丝打捞器overshot 卡瓦打捞筒magnetic fishing tool 磁力打捞工具sidewall cutter 刮管刀alligator grab 鳄鱼爪sand bailer 捞沙筒pipe wrench 管钳tong chain 链钳spanner 扳手wireline clamp 钢丝夹hay pulley 地滑轮dump bailer 倾倒筒saw 锯子saw blade 锯条punch 冲子file 锉刀flat file 板锉,扁锉hammer 榔头pliers,vice 老虎钳wire cutter 断线钳forfex 剪刀tongs 大钳,钳子,管钳flat bit tongs 扁嘴钳screwdriver 改锥，螺丝刀wire stripper 剥皮钳,掳线钳wire-stripper pliers 剥线钳B. EQUIPMENTstuffing box 防喷盒lubricator upper section 上防喷管lubricator middle section 中防喷管lubricator lower section 下防喷管blowout preventer(BOP) 防喷器wellhead adapter 井口变扣短节Lincoln pump 林肯泵hand pump assy.for stuffing box 手压泵Fire extinguisher 灭火器hand tool box 手工具箱injector 注油器lifting cap BOP吊帽trolly 防喷管支撑架parasol 阳伞work vice 台钳chain block 链葫芦tie down chain 系紧链fixed pulley 定滑轮wobble pump 手摇泵wire line clamp 钢丝绳夹wire rope sling 绳套,钢丝吊绳winch 绞车winch barrel(drum) 绞车滚筒winch brake 绞车刹车winch drive shaft universal joint 绞车主动轴万向节winch drum shaft 绞车滚动轴winch line 吊装用绳套winch control panel 绞车控制面板winch truck 吊车C. OPERATIONSRTTS Operation for Shoot andPull RTTS完井服务RTTS Operation for CementSqueezing RTTS固井服务（挤水泥）Pulling Y Block 捞Y堵塞器Open SSD(Slide Side Door) 开生产滑套Close SSD(Slide Side Door) 关生产滑套Open Circulating SSD(Slide SideDoor) 开循环滑套Close Circulating SSD(Slide SideDoor) 关循环滑套Running Gauge Cutter 通井Clean up 地面完井放喷Open Drain Valve 砸泻油阀Pulling Test Plug 捞测试阀Running Jet Pump 投射流泵Pulling Jet Pump 捞射流泵Running Flow Regulator 投配水器Pulling Flow Regulator 捞配水器Fishing Drop Bar 捞点火棒Measuring Static Pressure 测静压Measuring Flowing Pressure 测流压Measuring BHPBU(Bottom Hole Pressure Build Up) 测压力恢复Measuring BHP(Bottom Hole Pressure) Testing with Jet Pump 带泵测压（射流泵）Multi-Rate BHP(Bottom Hole Pressure) Testing 系统试井Slick-line Operation for Completion 钢丝配合完井服务Slick-line Operation for acidizing 配合酸化钢丝作业Running Plug 投堵塞器Pulling Plug 捞堵塞器Run Impression Block 下铅印Running Prong 投平衡杆Sand Level detection 探沙面Run Sand Bailer 下捞砂桶Open SSSV(Sub Surface Safety Valve) by Force 强行打开井下安全阀Running Go Devil 剪切钢丝Fishing Slickline 打捞钢丝Running Side Pocket Plug 投偏心堵塞器Pulling Side pocket Plug 捞偏心堵塞器Running Side Pocket Check Valve 投偏心阀Pulling Side Pocket Check Valve 捞偏心阀Sand Sampling 取砂样Stable Test 稳定试井Slickline Swab 抽吸Running Hanger 投悬挂器Pulling Hanger 捞悬挂器D. SPARE PARTSgrease injection control head 注脂头grease oil 注脂油grease oil tank 注脂油桶BOP pump c/w hose 手压泵及管线pressure test hose 试压管线lubricator bleed off manifold 防喷管针阀Martin Decker W-15 oil 马丁代克油Martin Decker WT indicator c/whose 指重器及管线picking for stuffing box 盘根bearing for the sheave for stuffingbox 轴承O-ring for lubricator 防喷管O环ram assembly for BOP 防喷管闸板总成O-ring for BOP BOP O环O-ring for wellhead adapter 井口变扣O环pin 销钉counter head 计数头cable for counter 计数器软轴bearing of hay pulley 地滑轮轴承Part two Pressure gaugeaccordance 一致,和谐accuracy 精确性,正确度acquisition 获得,获得物alignment 校直,调准append 附加,添加,悬挂apply 申请,应用available 可利用的,有用的battery 电池battery housing 电池筒battery tester 电池测量器baud rate 波特率bull nose 底堵cable 电缆,电线cable head 电缆头,电缆接头calculation 计算,考虑calibration 标度,刻度,校准calibration drift 漂移calibration parameter 标定参数cartesian 笛卡儿曲线certification 证书com port 串行通讯端口command 命令,掌握,支配communicate 沟通,交流,通讯compensate 偿还,补偿configuration 构造,结构,配置,外形configure 配置,设定consist 组成,构成control panel 控制面板convert 转换,使转变cross-over between gauge 压力计间变扣crystal 水晶,晶体current 电流damage 危险,损害data acquisition 获得数据decode 解码,译解delta time 累计时间deviate 偏离diagnostic 诊断diameter 直径digital 数字的directory 目录discussion 讨论display 显示器,显示,展示downhole tools 井下工具drain 消耗,耗尽dump data 回放数据durability 耐用性element 元素,元件,成分elevated temperature 高温encoder 译码器,编码器establish 建立,安置filter 过滤,筛选firmware 固件(软件硬件相结合)fixed rate 固定采样率flash 闪光,闪现frequency 频率,周率gauge 压力计graph 图表,曲线图grease for transducer 传感器用油housing 壳,壳体incorporate 合并,混合indicate 指出,显示individual 个别的,单独的install 安装,安置instrument 工具,器械,器具interface box 接口箱interface box 接口箱internal diagnostics 内部诊断lapse 失误,下降,过失linear plot 线性平面图log 日志maintenance 维护,保持manual 手册,指南manufacture 制造,加工merge 合并,并入,结合memory 存储器,内存module 模块observe 观察,观测offer 提供,企图parallel communication 并行通信period 周期,时期plug 堵,塞,插上,插栓port 端口,港口potential 潜在的,可能的presentation 陈述,表达presentation software 操作软件printer 打印机prior 优先的,在前的procedure 步骤,手续program 程序,节目prune 剪除,修剪,删除quality 质量,品质,性质quartz 石英range 范围,射程real time 实际时间record mode 记录模式reduce 减小,缩小,简化remote control 遥控,遥控操作remove 移动,开除,移交require 请求,要求resolution 分辨率response 回答,响应scale 刻度,天平,比例尺select 选择,挑选setup 机构,安装,装备,组织silicone oil 硅油sleep mode 休眠模式spanner for gauge 压力计专用扳手SRO(surface read-out) 地面直读surpass 超过,胜过talk mode 对话模式terminal 终点终端thread grease 丝扣油transducer 传感器,变频器,交换器transient 短暂的,瞬时的transmit 传输,传送,发射信号transport 传送器,运输机transportation box 压力计箱troubleshooting 发现并修理故障truncate 截取,修剪update 更新,校正,修正upload 上载variable rate 可变采样率various 不同的,多样的version 版本,译本volt 伏特voltage 电压wand 棒,棍,杖zoom 放大,缩放Part three PVT取样 air chamber plug extractor 空气室拉出手柄air chamber plug retaining ringextractor 梭管套旋出手柄air chamber tube assy 导流管air hose assy. 扫空管allen key 内六角autoclave vacuum nipple 抽真空头B/bench hose assy. 样瓶转样管back-up ring 背环compression spring 压缩弹簧filler funnel 漏斗flow regulator body 节流器flow regulator end cap 端帽flow regulator extractor 节流器拉出手柄fuse/110V 保险丝/110Vglycol 甘醇heating jacket for cylinder 样瓶加温器heating jacket for sampler 取样器加温器holder 装配手柄internal circlip 内簧卡internal circlip for cylinder 取样瓶卡环lock grubscrew 锁紧螺丝needle valve 针阀needle valve assy.extractor 针阀手柄needle valve body 针阀组件needle valve BUR former 针阀背环工具off ball 钢球off diskspring 弹簧片piston assy. 活塞总成piston removal 活塞移位工具piston ring 活塞环piston rod 活塞杆piston valve stem 梭阀杆pols-lock pin 锁定销钉pols-lock spring 锁定销钉弹簧posi lock pin depressing tool 锁定按压工具prime hand pump 注油器prime hand pump adaptor 注油器适配器prime port adaptor assy. 加压口适配器prime port nipple plug 加压口堵头prime port spanner 加压阀扳手prime pump assy. 手压泵适配器prime pump hose assy. 手压泵输出管push rod 推杆relief valve stem 调压阀杆retaining ring 制动环reversible circlip pliers 卡簧手钳safety solvent 清洗液sample analysis 试样分析,样品分析sample analyzer 试样分析器sample bailer 采样筒sample blob 井底取样器sample bomb 高压取样瓶,样品存储器sample bottle 取样瓶,采样瓶sample bottle valve adaptor 样瓶接头sample chamber 样品室sample cock 取样旋塞,取样拷克sample collection 取样,样品收集sample collection procedure 取样点,采样点sample collector 取样程序sample connection 试样收集器,采样员sample container 取样接头sample contamination 样瓶,样筒,样品容器sample cup 样品污染sample cylinder 样品杯sample cylinder tag 样瓶,样筒sample date 样瓶标签sample depth 取样日期sample frequency 采样深度sample hose 采样信号sample identification 取样井,采样井sample integrity 采样频率sample interval 样品管,采样胶皮管sample period 样品鉴定sample point 样品的真实性sample signal 取样间隔,取样速度sample well 取样周期sampler hose assy. 取样器软管总成setting screw 制动螺丝setting fork 导流叉管setting tool 空气定位销手柄setting tool 梭杆推进套shuttle mechanism assy. 触发机构tee ring seals T型密封环test gauge 压力表tool body clamp 取样器夹具tool dressing aids 更换'O'环工具torque wrench 扭矩扳手torque wrench adaptor 扭矩扳手接头torque wrench adaptor 扭矩扳手接头transfer bench assy. 转样器总成transfer lock sleeve 转样护帽transfer port adaptor 转样适配器transfer port plug 转样口堵头trigger mech. assy. 触发机构总成trigger spring 触发弹簧vacuum hand pump 真空泵vibra gauge 压力表Part four OthersAa directional engineer 定向井工程师a drilling engineer 钻井工程师a drilling supervisor 钻井监督a senior mud engineer 高级泥浆工程师a toolpusher 队长，技师abandoned drill 弃船演习accelevator 促凝剂acidity 酸性adapter 接头additive 添加剂/处理剂ahead water 先行水air chamber 空气包air hoist 气动绞车alarm 警报alkalinity 碱性泥浆比重amplitude log 声幅测井anchor 锚angle 角钢annular return velocity 泥浆返回流速annular space 环形空间annular velocity 环空流速apparent viscosity 视黏度asbestos 石棉assistant tug boat 护航船assistant driller 副钻aviation fuel 航空油Bback off 倒扣back pressure 回压back pressure valve 回压阀ball 球ball up 泥包barge engineer 平台工程师barite 重晶石bearing 轴承bearing angle 方位bed 床behind water 尾水bit 钻头bit bearing 钻头轴承bit breaker 钻头装卸器bit cost 钻头成本bit diameter 钻头直径bit gauge 钻头规bit life 钻头寿命bit nozzle 钻头水眼bit position 钻头位置bit sub 钻头接头bit time 钻头纯钻时间bit tooth 钻头牙齿bit torque 钻头扭矩bit type 钻头型号bit wear 钻头磨损blasting cap 雷管blow out 井喷blow out preventer 防喷器boiler 锅炉bolt 螺栓bolt,nut 螺丝,螺母bore hole 裸眼bore hole well 井壁boring 钻孔bottom hole 井底bottom fill 沉砂bottom hole pressure 井底压力bottom hole pressure 井底压力bottoms up 携带岩屑box 母扣brake 刹车break out 卸扣breech lock 泡栓build up 压力恢复bulk density 堆积密度;松装密度bulk tank 灰罐bumper sub 缓冲器buoyancy coefficient 浮力系数bushing 补芯butane 丁烷Ccable 电缆calcium remover 除钙剂calculating free piont 计算卡点深度calibration 刻度casing 套管,螺纹联接的兀接箍casing head 套管头casing spool 套管四通casing burst pressure 套管破裂压力casing elevator 套管吊卡casing monkey board 套管平台casing pressure 套压casing program 套管程序casing scraper 套管刮管器casing shoe 套管鞋casing sub 套管接头casing tong 套管大钳cathead 猫头cave in 坍塌cement 水泥cement basket 水泥伞cement bond log 固井质量检验cement flush 水泥冲洗cement slurry 水泥浆cement slurry for lead 先行水泥浆cementing 固井cementing line 固井管线cementing pump 固井泵center latch elevator 中开门吊卡centralizer 套管扶正器centrifugal pump 离心泵chain block 倒链change bit 换钻头chart 卡片check valve 单流阀chemical tank 化学药剂缸chemical treatment 化学处理chemicals 化学剂choke 油嘴choke line 阻流管汇choke manifold 试油树christmas tree 采油树circulating pressure 循环压力circulation 循环circulation rate 循环速度clamp 卡子clay contamination 粘土侵clock 时钟clog house 值班房cock 水龙头coefficient of friction 摩擦系数colloid 胶体completion 完井computer 计算机conductor 隔水导管cone 牙轮cone bit 牙轮钻头connector 联结器contamination of mud 泥浆污染contract 合同contractor 承包商control room 控制室conventional mud 普通泥浆cooker 炊事员core 岩心core barrel 取芯筒core bit 取芯钻头core catcher 岩心爪core gun 取芯器core handling tools 取芯工具core recovery 取芯收获率coring 取芯coupling 联接扣cover 外壳crane operator 吊车司机critical velocity 临界速度cross 十字接头cross over,x-over(XO) 大小头，短节，变扣接头，旁通管crossover sub 配合接头crown block 天车cut off workline 割大绳cylinder 缸Ddaily production 日产量deadline 死绳deadline anchor 死绳固定器deck 甲板declination 偏差/方位角degas ser 除气器dehydration 失水densimeter 密度计depth 井深derrick 井架derrick man 架工desander 除砂器desilter 沉淀池, 滤水池detonator 炸药deviation survey 井斜测量diamond bit 金刚石钻头die collar 打捞卡瓦diesel oil 柴油different pressure sticking 压差卡钻directional well 定向井discharge of pump 泵排量dispersing agent 分散剂displace 替diver 潜水员doctor 医生drag 遇阻draw works 绞车drier(dring oven) 干燥计drift angle 倾角drift mandrel 通径规drifting 通径drill pipe 钻杆drill spool 钻井四通drill stem 钻柱drill strings 钻杆拄drill water 钻井水drill collar 钻铤drill floor 钻台drill floor 钻台driller 司钻drilling 钻进drilling technician 钻井技术员drilling assembly 钻具组合drilling break 进尺突然加快drilling cost 钻井成本drilling crew 钻井队员drilling engineer 钻井工程师drilling equipment 钻井装置,钻机drilling line 大绳drilling log 钻井记录drilling ration 钻速drilling recorder 钻井记录仪drilling rig 钻井船drilling troubles 井下事故drum shaft 滚筒轴DST(drill stem test) 延长DST测试dump valve 放泄阀duplex slush pump 双缸泥浆泵DV collar 分级注水泥短接DV port DV孔Eelbow 弯接头electric logging 电测electric submerged pump(ESP) 电潜泵electrician 电工elevator 吊卡elevator link 吊环emulsifier 乳化剂engine room 机舱erecting equipment 安装设备erecting tools 安装工具erode out 刺坏error 误差ethane 乙烷exploration 勘探extended well testing 延长测试external upset 外加厚Ffalse threading 造扣field maintenance 现场维护，现场保养fill line 灌泥浆管线filling up mud 灌泥浆filter cake 泥饼filter paper 滤纸filtration educing agent 降失水剂finger board 指梁fire drill 消防演习fishing 打捞fishing bumper sub 打捞缓冲器fishing jars 打捞震击器fishing job 打捞作业fishing neck 打捞颈fishing tools 打捞工具fishing up 打捞出落鱼flash welded tool joint 闪光焊接接头flashlight 手电float collar 浮箍float shoe 浮鞋floor man 钻工flow 放喷flow line 泥浆出口管线flow rate 流量flow line 出油管flow rate 流速flowing bean(nipple) 油嘴flowing pressure gradient 流压梯度fluid loss 失水量fluorescence 荧光反应formation 地层formation conductivities 地层电导率formation damage 破坏地层fracturing 压裂free pipe 未卡部分钻柱free point 自由点free standing mast 无绷绳轻便井架fresh water 淡水full hole(FH) 贯眼扣function 函数funnel viscometer 漏斗黏度计Ggamma ray 射线gamma ray log 自然测井gas reservoir 气层gas analysis 气体分析gas chromatography 气体色谱仪gas cut 气侵gas in mud 泥浆中气量gas oil ratio 油气比gas out 气侵gas showing 气体显示gasoline 汽油gauge 量规gear 牙轮gel 凝胶gel cement 胶质水泥gel mud 胶质泥浆gel strength 切力generator 发动机geothermal gradient 地温梯度goose neck 鹅颈管grade 级/等级grease 黄油guide shoe 引鞋gun perforation 射孔完井gypsum mud 石膏泥浆Hhammer 锤子hard ware 硬件heavy mud 重泥浆/加重泥浆heavy viscosity mud 高粘泥浆heavy weight drill pipe 加重钻杆heavy bodied 很稠的，粘滞的helicopter 直升飞机helicopter port 飞机平台helmet 安全帽hole opener 扩眼器hole size 井眼尺寸hole straightening 井眼校正/纠斜hook 大钩hook load 大钩负荷hook load off bottom 钻柱离底时大钩负荷hook position 大钩位置hopper 漏斗hose 软管/水龙带hull 船身hydraulic pressure 静水压力hydraulic oil 液压油hydrostatic pressure 静水压力IIF(internal flush) 内平扣indented bolt 齿纹螺栓indented chisel 齿状钻头，牙轮钻头indirect flushing 反循环洗井，反向冲洗induction electrical survey 感应电测井inertia brake 惯性刹车initial gel strength 出切inner barrel 内岩心筒inner string cementing 内管注水泥input 输入insert bit 镶齿钻头inside bop drill 安装回压凡尔演习intake profile 吸水剖面internal upset 内加厚internal-external upset 内外加厚interpreter 翻译invaded zone 侵入带invasion diameter 侵入直径inverse circulation 反洗井inverse well-flushing 反洗井isobutane 异丁烷isopentane 异戊烷Jjack knife mast 折叠式轻便井架jack up type drilling unit 自升式钻井船jars 震击器joint 单根junk basket 打捞蓝Kkelly 方钻杆kelly bushing 方钻杆补芯kelly cock 方钻杆考可kelly down 方入kelly down depth 方入深度kelly drive 方钻杆滚子补芯kelly spinner 方钻杆旋扣器kelly up 方余key seat 键槽key seating sticking 键槽卡钻kick 井涌kick control 控制井涌kill line 压井管汇killing a well 压井Llaminar flow 层流latching elevator 扣吊卡lay down 甩lay time 迟到时间leak 漏life raft 救生筏lifeboat 救生艇lift jacket 救生衣lifting sub 提升短接light weight mud 轻泥浆lignite 铁络盐lignite mud 铁络盐泥浆lime 石灰lime mud 石灰泥浆limit switch 相限开关line 管线line cleaning 管线清洗line test 管线试压liner 缸套,尾管liner hanger 尾管挂living quarters 居住区loading 装船logging cable 测井电缆logging program 测井程序logging tool 测井工具loosen 放松lost circulation 井漏lost circulation materials 堵漏剂lubricating oil 润滑油lubricator(assembly,system) 防喷管（装置，系统）Mmachine oil 机油main tug boat 主拖轮make up 上扣make up torque 上扣扭矩mast 钻机master bushing 转盘大补芯master valve 总闸门material man 材料员mean sea level 平均海平面mechanic 机械工mechanist 机械师methane 甲烷mica 云母milled teeth bit 铣齿钻头milling tool 铣具/磨鞋miring water 溶解水mixing pump 混合泵monkey board 二层台morning tour 白班motormen 机工mouse hole 鼠洞mud 泥浆mud agitator 泥浆搅拌器mud balance 泥浆密度计mud column 泥浆柱mud conditioning 泥浆处理/配泥浆mud conductivity 泥浆导电率mud density 泥浆密度mud ditch 泥浆槽mud flow meter 泥浆流量计mud gun 泥浆枪mud line 泥浆管线mud logging 泥浆录井mud pump 泥浆泵mud resistivity 泥浆电阻率mud retort 泥浆蒸馏水mud return line 泥浆返出管线mud tank 泥浆池mud temperature 泥浆温度mud testing 泥浆测试mud volume 泥浆量mud weight indicator 泥浆比重计mud tank 泥浆罐multiple completion 多层完井MW(mud weight) 泥浆重量,泥浆密度Nnail 钉子natural flow 自喷NDBOPS(nipple down blowout preventers) 卸下防喷器组NDT(nipple down tree) 拆卸井口装置，拆卸采油树near bit stabilizer 金钻头扶正器neutron 中子射线nipple down 卸下，拆卸nipple seating 座落接头no return 未返回水泥浆normal circulation 正循环normal butane 正丁烷normal pentane 正戊烷nozzle size 水眼尺寸nut 螺母Ooff bottom 不接触井底office 办公室oil base mud 油基泥浆oil reservoir 油层on bottom 接触井底open 打开open hole 裸眼opening 扩眼o-ring O环outer barrel 外岩心筒oven 烘箱over pulling 遇卡overshot 打捞筒Ppacker 封隔器packing 密封圈paint 油漆panel 面板paraffin plugging 蜡堵paraffin valve 清蜡闸门paraffin-treatment 清蜡处理paraffin-troubles 结蜡井parts 零件pentane 戊烷PH control additive PH控制剂phenolphthalein 酚酞pile hammer 打桩机pin 销子,公扣pincers 钳子pipe wrench 管子扳手piston 活塞piston rod 活塞杆pit drill 防喷演习pit level 泥浆液面pit level 泥浆池液面pit volume increase 泥浆增加量plastic viscosity 塑性黏度plug 水泥塞plug container 水泥头plug flow 塞流plugging back cementing 回堵注水泥pollution 污染polymer 聚合物portland cement 硅酸盐水泥potassium chlorate 氯化钾power slip 动力卡瓦power source 电源power swivel 动力水龙头power tong 动力大钳power law model 幂律模型pressure decline 压力降pressure equilibrium 压力平衡pressure gage 压力表pressure gradient 压力梯度pressure gradient 压力梯度pressure loss 压力损失pressure loss in pipe 管内压力损失pressure of mud column 泥浆柱压力pressure loss in annular 环空压力损失pressurized air 压缩空气preventer of double ram type 双闸板式防喷器production 生产propane 丙烷pry bar 撬杠，杠杆pull out of the hole 起钻pulley 滑轮pulley 滑轮pulling slip 起卡瓦pumice 浮石pump count 累计泵冲数pump efficiency 泵效pump pressure 泵压pump speed 泵速pump stroke counter 泥浆泵冲数pup joint 短接put into gear 挂挡put on break 刹车，制动PWV(production wing valve) 生产翼阀Qquick coupling 快速接头，快接管箍Rradio operator 电报员radioactivity log 放射性测井rag line 大棕绳rain density 颗粒密度rat hole 鼠洞rate of penetration 转速reamer 释放，丢手reaming 辊轴扶正器recorder 划眼red lead 记录仪reducer 丝扣油，铅油，管件润滑油regular 大小头release 正规扣relief valve 泄压阀,泄流阀reserve pit 储存池reservoir pressure 油层压力retarder 缓凝剂return 返回水泥浆return mud 反出泥浆returning fluid 井口反出液reverse circulation 反循环reverse circulation 反循环revolution 运转revolution 转数revolutions per minute 每分钟转数Reynolds number 雷诺数rig down 拆卸钻机rig up 安装钻机rig in 安装,连接rig out 拆卸ring gasket 钢圈/垫圈riser 隔水导管rope damp 绳头,绳卡rotary hose 泥浆水龙带rotary slip 转盘卡瓦rotary speed 转盘转数rotary table 转盘rotation bases 倒班roughneck 钻工roustabout 水手run casing 下套管run in the hole 下钻run length 进尺run bridge plug 下桥塞run gauge cutter 通井running tool 下入工具running in test 试车running repair 日常修理,现场维修RWTO(returned well to production) 井恢复生产Ssafety belt 安全带safety clamp 安全卡子safety joint 安全接头safety valve 安全阀sampling depth 取样井深sampling interval 取样间隔sand bridge 砂桥sand trouble 砂堵sandline 捞砂绳saturated salt-water mud 饱和盐水泥浆screw 螺钉seal 密封/封堵seating nipple 座落接头sea-water mud 海水泥浆sensor 传感器separater 分离器set back 立根盒setting slip 放卡瓦shaft 轴shale shaker 振动筛shallow gas 试气层shear rate 剪切速度shear pin 剪切销钉sheave 滑轮shock sub 减振器shoe guide 引鞋short trip 短起下钻shut in 关井shut in casing pressure 关井套管压力shut in drill pipe pressure 关井钻杆压力shut in pressure 关井压力shut off 关闭side wall neutron log 井壁中子测井silicon flour 硅粉silicon-controlled rectifier 可控硅整流器single joint elevator 单根吊卡single ram 单闸板slip 卡瓦slip type elevator 卡瓦式吊卡slip velocity 沉积速度slip workline 倒大绳slow pump 低泵速sludge tank 加重泥浆池slush pump 泥浆泵socket 插座solid content 固体含量sonic log 声波测井sonic wave 声波spacer 隔离液spare parts 备件spider 卡盘spontaneous potential log 自然电位测井spool 四通spring 弹簧spud in 开钻squeeze cementing 挤水泥stabilizer 扶正器stabilizing agent 稳定剂stage cementing 分级注水泥stainless steel 不锈钢stand 立柱stand pipe 立管stand the test 试验合格,经受考验standby 待机stand-by boat 值班船starting outfit 启动设备static pressure 静压steam 蒸气sticking 卡钻/被卡stinger 导向插头,引鞋,尾管stinger sub 插入式短节stop lost circulation 堵漏storm 风暴straight well 直井眼sub 接头,短接submerged pump 潜水泵substructure 井架底座sucking line 上水管线suction tank 吸入池supercharge pump 泥浆灌注泵supervisor 监督supply boat 供应船support 支架surge pressure 冲击压力suspending weight 悬重swab pressure 抽吸压力swabbing 抽吸switch 开关TT/B/G 牙齿/轴承/外径磨损table torque meter 转盘扭矩表table height 转盘高度taper milling 锥形刮刀technician 技术人员，技师tee 三通temperature log 温度测井ten minutes gel 终切test paper 试纸thread 丝扣tie back tool 回接工具tighten 上紧TOF(top of fishing) 落鱼顶部tong 大钳tong torque meter 大钳扭矩表ton-mile 吨-英里TOOH(tool out of hole) 起出下入井中的工具tool joint 钻杆接头tool pusher 钻井技师top valve 采油树清蜡闸门,试井闸门torch burner 喷灯torque 扭矩total depth 总井深total gas 气全量total pit 泥浆池总体积tour Shift 班towing 拖航transmission 传动装置/变速器traveling block 游动滑车tri-cone bit 三牙轮钻头trip 起下钻trip tank 计量罐tripping time 起下钻时间tubing 油管tubing hanger 油管挂tubing spool 油管四通tubing head 油管头tubing pressure 油压turbo drill 涡轮钻具turbulent flow 紊流twist off 脱扣typhoon 台风Uunconnect switch 非接触式开关unfreezing 解卡unlatching elevator 开吊卡unloading 卸栽upset 加厚Vvalve master 主阀variable density log 变密度测井V－door 井架大门vent pipe 放空管ventilate 放空,吹扫ventilation 通风,通风设备vertical depth 垂直深度viscosity 黏度volume inside pipe 管内容量volume of annulus 环空容量WW.O.O(wait on orders) 等待指令wait on 等指令wait on cement 候凝wait on(stand by) 待命walkie-talkie 对讲机wall scraper 井壁刮刀WAP(well performance analysis) 井的动态分析warning board 警告牌wash over 洗井,套洗,冲刷wash tank 洗罐,分离罐washer 洗衣机wash-over fishing operation 套洗打捞作业,套洗落鱼作业water flood pump(injection) 注水泵water flush 水循环洗井water injector(injection well) 注水井water lost(WL) 泥浆失水wax containing crude 含蜡原油waxy 蜡,蜡状物,含蜡的WDBS(weight going down before sticking) 仪器遇阻前下行重量weather 气候WEG(wireline entryguide) 喇叭口weight in air 空气中重量weight in mud 泥浆中重量weight indicator 指重表weight material 加重剂weight on bit 钻压weighted mud 重泥浆/加重泥浆welder 电焊工well 井well cleaning 洗井well head 井口well head assembly 井口装置well head pressure 井口压力well shooting 地震测井well bean 井口油嘴well blowout 井喷well bore clean up 洗井,well cementation 固井,挤水泥well cementing operation 固井作业well completing data 完井资料,数据well completing fluid 完井液well completinginformation 完井资料, wellcompleting test 完井测试well completion 完井well condition 井况well control device 井控装置well control equipment 井控设备well control fluid 压井液well control information 井控资料well control manifold 井口控制管汇well control operation 压井作业well deflection 井斜well flow under balance 诱喷well killing 压井well killing job 压井作业well killing method 压井方法well performance testing 系统试井,井动态测试,井生产测试well pulling job 起油管作业well pulling service 修井起下作业well sampling 井下取样well sand up 油井砂堵well screen 油井筛管well service tank 修井液罐well service hoist 修井机well service work 修井作业well site illumination 井场照明well testing supervisor 试油,测试监督well-completion practice 完井作业wellhead cap 井口帽wellhead choke 井口油嘴wellhead control valve 井口总阀门wellhead tap 井口短节wetting agent 润滑剂WHP(wellhead platform) 井口平台wiper trip 通井wire 钢丝wire line(WL) 电缆work accident 操作事故work assignment 工作安排work string reciprocation 工。
ppt课件Chapter2PetroleumProspecting(石油探勘)
地表觀測(Surface observation) －by observation on earth surface
地質探勘 (Geological exploration) －downward projection of geologic information
－磁測資料解釋較複雜，較難
資料解釋(Dome or anticline)
磁力資料解釋： －不同的岩石→不同的磁性→不同的磁力值
磁力/重力資料解釋 (Fault)
震波測勘 (Seismic Exploration)
❖ 震波測勘 (Seismic Exploration) ❖ -- 反射法(Seismic reflection method) ❖ -- 折射法(Seismic refraction method)
(b)放射性測勘(或放射性法)－Radioactive method
(c)井測測勘(或井測法)－Well logging
重力測勘(或重力法) (Gravity Method)
Hale Waihona Puke ❖ 量測原理：萬有引力及重力加速度
m1
F m1m2
r2
m2
m1a
m1m2 r2
a
m2 r2
在地球上
ag
重力量測儀器
❖ (1)The gravity pendulum(重力單擺) －單擺原理(缺點：耗時)
地球化學 Geochemistry
地球物理 Geophysics
地球化學探勘 Geochemical Prospecting
地質探勘 Geological Prospecting
石油工程定向钻井专业讲座DirectionalDrillingLesson
Type I: Build-and-Hold
2500’ TVD1
Imax
10,000’
12,500’
HD1 Imax
4,500’
0’
10,000’ Vert. Depth
Uniform 1’30” Increase in Drift per 100 ft of hole
drilled
Try Imax = 27o ??
Type II
Build-hold-and drop for the case where:
r1x3anr1 d r2x4
Kickoff
End of Build
Maximum Inclination Angle
Drop Off
Target
Projected Trajectory
Projected Trajectory with Left Turn to Hit Targets
What is the size of target?
4
1
0
MD = MDvert + MDbuild + MDhold
MD at 27
2 ,500
' 1,800
'
8,266 cos 27
13,577'
MD at 25.5 2,500 1,700 8,356 cos 25.5
Build Section
From chart of 1.5 deg/100’, with Imax = 27o
In the BUILD Section:
TVD1
Imax
MD1 = 1,800’ (27/1.5) TVD1 = 1,734’ HD1 = 416’
石油勘探开采简介ppt
Prepared by Tom
关于油气我们还需要知道些什么？
自然状态下的石油有的 粘稠，有的稀薄。颜 色有黑的，也有浅颜 色的。
通过提炼，石油可以制 成很多产品:
• 发电厂用的燃料 • 轻型车用的汽油 • 卡车和火车用的柴油 • 飞机用的航空汽油 • 房屋取暖用的燃料油
• 计算机处理这些数据，构造出地下岩层系统的图像
声源
t=1 sec
t = 1.2 sec
t = 1.42 sec 接收器
G油as
Prepared by Tom
发现了油藏之后我们该干什么?
?
?
?
Prepared by Tom
我们钻一口井进去 ! ! !
Prepared by Tom
我们用什么钻井 ?
钻井设备是什么?
Prepared by Tom
钻井设备:
一套可以使我们钻入地层的特殊设备。
• 一套钻井设备由很多不同的部分组成: 井架，地基，起重设备，发电机，钻杆，钢罐，泵， 岩石碎屑处理设备，还有很多其他部件。
• 你知道有的钻井设备可以钻探到地下6英里（9.7公里 ）深的地方吗？ 那比珠穆朗玛峰的高度还要大！
待用钻杆
Prepared by Tom
SUCCESS
THANK YOU
2020/1/6
这是一幅钻头在岩层中钻进的示意图
钻柱在地表被驱动旋转，带 动井眼底部的钻头旋转。
钻井泥浆被泵入钻杆内 部，从钻头的喷嘴流入 环形空间。环形空间是 钻杆和井壁之间的空间 。
钻头上的“牙齿”把岩石磨 成碎屑。
泥浆将岩屑循环带到地 表，在那里这些岩屑被 移除。
油气开发与钻探
石油工程专业英语 采油
第一章石油钻井工程英语基础第1节石油钻井工程基础词汇1.钻探，钻井：drill拓展记忆：钻井：drilling定向斜井：directional drilling欠平衡钻井：under-balance海上钻井：off-shore陆地钻井：on-land drilling钻头：drill bit刮刀钻头：drag bit牙轮钻头：rock bit金刚石钻头：diamond bit喷射钻头：jet bit钻铤：drill collar衣领：collar钻杆：drill pipe钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team 钻机：drill rig钻井泥浆：drilling mud钻井液：drilling fluid钻井设备：drilling equipment2. 油、石油：oil拓展记忆：原油：crude oil石油：petroleum中国石油（简称）：Petro-China采油：oil production采油设备：oil production equipment 采油平台：oil production platform油泵：oil pump3.地质：geology拓展记忆：地质专业人员：geologist物理：physics地球物理勘探：geo-physical probe，geo-physical exploration测井Logging测井作业：logging operation测井记录：logging record4. 油（副词“好”含意）：well拓展记忆：井眼：hole油井：oil well试井，油井测试：well test 井下：down-hole井下作业：down-hole operation第2节石油钻井方法基础词汇原油：crude oil天然气：nature gas煤层气：coal-bed gas一体化设计：integral design钻井：drilling钻井原理：the principles of drilling顿钻钻井：percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling旋转钻井：rotary drilling液体冲击：fluid percussion大位移：big deviation侧钻井：sidetracking drilling technology，lateral drilling水平井：horizontal well探井：wildcat，wildcat drilling深井：deep well浅井：shallow well老井：maturing well欠平衡钻井：under-balanced drilling丛式钻井：cluster drilling technology煤层气井：coal-bed gas well生产井：production wells报废井：abandon wells停产井：none-production wells绕障井、三维井：three-dimensional wells. 常温井：normal temperature well注采井：injection and production well稠油井：heavy oil well热洗井：hot washing pipe井况：well condition第3节石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范，技术指标，技术性能：specification拉伸：tension拉伸强度：tensile strength应力：stress压力：pressure应力点：stress point压力等级：pressure grade压力降：pressure drop压力梯度：pressure gradient回压：back pressure大气压：atmosphere压差：differential pressure静液柱压力：static fluid cloumn pressure特征：characteristic，feature定性讨论：qualitative argument定量使用：quantitative use液体：liquid固体：solid气体：gas，air正的：positive负的：negative虚线：dashed line，broken line实线：full line递减率：decline rate正比于：be proportional to水平的：horizontal垂直的：vertical油层静压：the formation static pressure第4节石油钻井参数基础词汇负荷：load扭矩：torque扭转：twist摩擦：friction钻压：WOB，weight on bit，weight，drilling weight钻速：ROP，rate of penetration，driiling rate，the rate of drilling平均机械钻速：average ROP钻井周期：drilling period转速：rotary speed地层压力预测：formation pressure prediction technology地层快速预测：the formation fast prediction 埋藏深度：bury depth产油层，产油带：pay zone, productive formation温度梯度：temperature gradient地层压力：formation pressure坍塌压力：collapse pressure and破裂压力：fracture pressure平衡压力：equilibrium pressure钻具（柱）压力：drilling string pressure钻头振动：vibration of bit钻井成本：drilling costs井眼尺寸：hole size，well size参数计算：parameters calculation几何参数：geometric parameters 参数分析：parameter analysis动态参数：dynamic data静态参数：static data注水参数：parameters of injection参数、变量：variables井距：well space垂直深度：vertical depth水平位移：horizontal deviation总深度：total depth垂直深度：vertical depth水平位移：horizontal displacement最大井斜角：maximum hole inclination井眼环空：annulus space压力调节器：pressure regulator恢复（增加）压力：the build-up pressure 初始开采：primary recovery含水地层：water bearing formation套管漏失：casing leak摩擦损失：friction losses气举阀：gas-lift valve石蜡族：paraffin series含气液柱：gas-laden column增产措施：stimulation treatment流动能力：flowing capacity生产速率：production rate水驱：water drive气驱：gas drive网状系统：grid system水侵：water influx五点法：five-spot pattern油井产量：well productivity径向流：radial system富气：enriched gas贫气：lean gas气顶：gas cap气驱：gas drive (or gas flooding)水驱：water drive (or water flooding)地层伤害：formation damage波及系数：sweep efficiency泄油半径：drainage radius基岩处理：matrix treatment单级脱气：single stage separation泄油面积：drainage area表面张力：surface tension束缚水：connate water (or interstitial water)第5节石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称1.钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team 队，组：crew team2.技术员：technician钻井技术员：drilling technician泥浆技术员：mud technician3.监督：supervisor钻井监督：drilling supervisor副监督：assistant supervisor地质监督：geology supervisor4. 工程师：engineer泥浆工程师：mud engineer泥浆工：mudman机械工程师：mechanic engineer引擎，发动机：engine工程：engineering钻井工程：drilling engineering采油工程：production engineering石油工程：petroleum engineering试油工程：oil test engineering拓展记忆：工程项目：project希望工程：The Hope Project三峡工程：The Three-Gorge Project项目经理：project manager工程管理：project management钻工：roughneck，floorman司钻：driller副司钻：assistant driller钻井队长：drilling foreman钻井领班：tool pusher井架工：derrick man发动机工，机工：motorman钻台工：floor man机械师：technicians，mechanic电焊工：welder电工：electrician医生：doctor材料员：material man，staff man炊事员：cook翻译：interpreter，translator洗衣工：laundry man第6节石油作业现场常用工具1. 石油作业现场普通工具板手：wrench 螺丝起子：screwdriver多角螺丝起子：Phlilips screwdriver活动板手：monkey wrench，adjustable wrench钳子：pliers手斧：hatchet钩子：hook台钳：bench vice榔头：hammer木锤：mallet搬手：spanner锯子：saw电动手锯：jigsaw电锯：power saw钢锯：hacksaw硬尺：rule软尺：tape measure砂纸：sandpaper油漆：paint油漆刷：paintbrush绝缘胶布：electrical tape电线：wire插头：plug电插座：outlet开关：switch螺栓：bolt螺帽：nut钉子：nail电钻：electric drill钻头：bit工作台：workbench工具箱：toolbox胶水：glue胶棒：glue bar管钳：pipe tongs，pipe spanner，wrench 链钳：chain tongs，chain spannerchain wrench护丝：thread protector，screw protector 手轮：hand wheel阀门搬手：valve wrench，valve spanner 联接法兰：coupling flange安全带：safety belt：安全帽：safety cap：工作靴：working boots：千斤顶：jack吊车：crane拖拉机：tractor推土机：dozer刮刀：scraper2. 石油作业现场专用工具接头：sub配合接头：X-over ，cross-over提升短接：lifting sub lifting nipple elevator 卡瓦：slip母锥：box bell公锥：taper tap短节：joint柔性短节：flex joint井口：wellhead螺旋钻铤：spiral collar方钻杆：kelly钻杆架：pipe rack材料房：warehouse绳卡：guy anchor润滑器：lubricator维护保养：maintenance内钳：lead tong外钳：back-up tong液压大钳：hydraulic tong兜绳：mule line四通阀：four-way valve软管：hose球伐：ball valve，globe valve闸板阀：ram valve，gate valve增压泵：booster pump换配件：fittings change灌注泵：charge pump第二章石油工程常用设备及专业术语第1节钻井设备部分1.井架：Derrick塔形井架：derrickA形井架：cantilever mast ，mast-A桅杆：mast底座大梁：sill架，台：rack架工操作台：monkey-board2. 游动系统：Traveling System天车：crown block天车梁：crown block beam 游动滑车：traveling block钻井大绳：drilling line，wire line金属线，电线：wire，line钢丝绳，测井电缆：wire line钢丝绳股：strand截断：cutoff滑车，滑轮，皮带轮：pulley吊耳：eye plate3.大钩与水龙头：Hook and Swivel顶驱：top drive大钩：hook大钩弹簧：hook spring大钩销子：hook pin大钩环：hook ring大钩锁紧装置：hook locking device大钩悬挂高度：hook height水龙头：swivel鹅颈管：gooseneck冲管：wash pipe水龙头盘根：swivel packing钻井水龙带：drilling hose，rotary hose，kelly hose立管：stand pipe高压管线：high pressure line低压管线：low pressure line放压管线：relief line储气筒：gas holder，air holder4.转盘：Rotary Table转盘方瓦：master bushing方补心：kelly drive bushing方孔：square opening小鼠洞：mouse hole大鼠洞：rat hole（井架大门处）坡板：ramp5.绞车：Drawworks ，Hoist液压绞车：hydraulically-powered winch 气动绞车：air operated hoist绞车：hoist，windlass，drawworks滚筒，线轴，卷轴：reel ，pool，drum 滚筒高速气离合器：drum high air clutch 滚筒低速气离合器：drum low air clutch 锚头：cathead液压猫头：hydraulic catwork上扣猫头：make up cathead卸扣猫头：make out cathead牙嵌离合器：jaw clutch应急牙嵌离合器：emergency jaw clutch涡磁刹车：eddy current brake猫头轴：cathead shaft猫头绳：cathead line猫头绳爪：cat line grip死绳：dead line死绳固定器：dead line anchor死绳固定器膜片：dead line diaphragm上扣：spin up，screw on卸扣，卸开：break out，screw off上紧，固定：tighten松开，松扣：loosen加载：load卸载：unload拧紧：screw拧松：unscrew刹车：brake刹车总成：brake assembly刹车轴：brake axle ，brake shaft刹车带：brake band刹车片：brake band lining刹车杆：brake bar闸瓦：brake block刹把：brake crank ，brake bar刹车鼓：brake drum离合器：clutch液压油箱：hydraulic reservoir液动试压泵：hydraulic test pump液压大钳：hydraulic tong倒档齿轮：reverse gear第2节钻井泵类及相关设备泥浆泵：mud pump，drilling pump，slush pump活塞：piston活塞杆：piston rod活塞皮碗：piston cup缸套：liner，pump liner凡尔体：valve body凡尔座：valve cup阀弹簧：valve spring阀杆：valve lever阀面：valve face阀帽：valve bonnet泥浆泵安全阀：mud relief valve 排出阀：discharge valve吸入阀：suction valve潜水泵：submersible pump阀门：valve阀盖：valve cap阀座：valve seat回压阀：back pressure valve单向阀：check valve，single-pass valve安全阀：safety valve手动阀：manual valve液动阀：hydraulic valve冷缸：cold cylinder拉杆：tie rod，tension bar上水头：intake，suction end排出口：discharge spout高压管：high pressure pipe压力表：pressure gauge冲数：strokes排量：displacement，discharge capacity，flow rate80冲(次) ：80 (eighty) strokes第3节井下泵类及相关设备泵筒：pump barrel柱塞：plunger关闭：shut down尾管：tail pipe抽油杆：sucker rod长冲程：long stroke低泵速：small pumping speed，泵充满度：the fullness efficient of the pump 抽油杆：sucker rod排气方法：gas bleeding method泵效：pump efficiency三维空间：three dimensional space有效升举：efficient lift for the deviated抽油杆扶正工具：sucker rod centralizing tools严重的管杆偏磨：serious string partial wear 游动阀：the traveling valve固定阀：the standing valve部分磨损、偏磨：partial wear .无杆泵：rodless pump小泵深抽：small pump deep pumping technology挂泵深度：pump setting depth.尾管长度：length of liner.管柱结构：the structure of pipe string防脱器：dropout-prevent device井斜角：hole angle电热杆：borehole electric heating rod稠油开采：heavy oil production空心杆热载体：hollow sucker rod heat carrier变扣器、方补芯：bushing终端器：terminal assembly空心抽油杆：hollow sucker rod整体电缆传感器：continuous cable，sensor 空心光杆：hollow polish rod悬挂器：hanger防喷盒：stuffing box第4节采油设备采油树：chrismas tree抽油机：pumping unit抽油机：pumping unit往复运动：reciprocating motion泵杆：pumping rod机械传动：mechanical transmission载荷能力：peak polish rod load系统效率：system efficiency冲程：stroke length冲次：frequency of stroke无级可调：smooth regulation沉降式抽油泵：the sinking sand pump泵下沉砂：sinking sand under the pump砂颗粒：sand particles胶质沥青：gum asphalt含蜡量：paraffin content凝固点：solidification point热流：hot fluid掺水：mingle water第5节与泵操作有关的实用短语:没有压力：No pressure压力过高：The pressure is too high返回太少：Mud return is few水太少：Water is little.抢修：Rush to repair请看记录：Please read the record没作记录：No record加化学药品：put in chemicals加高岭土粉：put in koaline powder 加云母片：put in mica sheet加增粘剂：put in viscosifier加稀释剂：put in diluent (thinner)加稳定剂：put in stabilizer (stabilizing agent)加烧碱：put in caustic soda测定比重：v. measure gravity，n. gravity test 测定失水：test filtration，measure water loss 测定切力：measure shear force开关：switch停泵：stop the pump请打手势：Please make a gesture转动一周：turn round a circle垫高一些：put something under it to raise 抓紧：firmly grasp抬高：lift it up拿稳：hold firm打一下：strike (或hit) once往外拉：pull out站稳：stand firm，take a firm stand小端：small end大端：large end光滑：smooth粗糙：coarse，rough平面：plane,flat弯曲：winding，bending放松：loosen绷直：stretch tight，draw tight撬棍：pinch bar，pry bar充氨气：nitrogen aeration气包：snubber冷却：cooling润滑：lubricate过载：overload功率不足：inadequate power，power is not enough.第6节钻台与底座钻台：drilling floor，derrick floor，rig floor 钻井记录：drilling record司钻监视器：driller's monitor司钻控制台：driller's console指重表：weight indicator转盘：rotary table卡瓦：slip吊卡：latching elevator底座：substructure井队活动房：bunkhouse钻台上值班房：doghouse立根盒：setback(place)立根盒容量：setback capacity井控设备：well-control device第7节井控操作与防喷器井控基本概念井涌kick溢流blow-out1次井控primary well control2次井控secondary well control3次井控tertiary well control稀释dilution, thinning水泥凝固cement setting平衡balance超平衡over-balance欠平衡under balance漏失试验leak-off test井口漏失压力surface leak pressure破裂压力fracture pressure破裂扩散压力fracture propagation pressure 额定压力pressure rating, rate pressure, rated pressure工作压力work pressure万能防喷器：versatile blowout preventer，bag type BOP单闸板防喷器：single ram preventer双闸板防喷器：double ram preventer（防喷器）闸板：pipe ram全封式防喷器：blind ram蓄能器：energy accmulator压井管线：kill line入口：inlet出口：outlet演习：drill消防演习：fire drill防喷演习：BOP drill防腐涂料油管：anti-corrosion coating material tubing多功能管柱：multi-function string泄压bleed off 带刻度压力表calibrated pressure gauges带刻度容（体）积表calibrated volume gauge 套管鞋casing shoe实际垂直深度TVD井内钻具结构BHA泵冲数SPM钻杆DP上部井眼段top hole section快速钻进地层fast drilling formation井眼bore hole钻屑携带能力cuttings carrying capacity浅油气藏shallow reservoir地层破裂formation to break down套管柱casing string水泥粘结强度strength of cement bond井涌程度severity of the kick泥包balling up井控中的各种压力压力梯度pressure gradient地层压力formation pressure井口压力surface pressure漏失压力leak-off pressure破裂压力fracture pressure井底压力bottom hole pressure, BHP正常压力normal pressure异常压力abnormal pressure静液压力hydrostatic pressure动态压力dynamic pressure环空压力annular pressure关井钻杆压力shut in drill pipe pressure, SIDPP关井套管压力shut in casing pressure, SICP 最大关井套管压力maximum allowable surface pressure, MAASP井控作业防喷器组BOP stackU形管原理U-tube concept下钻tripping in起钻tripping out压井操作killing operation气侵gas cutting, gas invasion, gas influx钻头水眼堵塞bit nozzle plugged钻头水眼刺bit nozzle washed out补救措施remedial actions早期井涌迹象early kick signs确凿井涌迹象positive kick signs侵入表现influx behavior关井后循环closed in condition circulation 勘探井wild cat well, exploration wellcl离子含量chloride contentD,Dc指数D, Dc exponent软关井The soft shut in硬关井The hard shut in第1次循环first circulation第2次循环second circulation压井泥浆比重kill mud weight部分堵塞partial plugged抽吸swab激动surge含气地层gas bearing formation含气页岩gas bearing shale安全增量trip margin记录卡片trip sheet低循环泵速slow circulation rate当量泥浆密度equivalent mud density当量循环密度equivalent circulating density 司钻压井法driller’s method等待压井法wait & weight method体（容）积法volumetric method强行压井法bull-heading method斜井井控kick control in deviated well水平井井控kick control in horizontal well井控设备压井作业kill operation压井速率kill rate压井泵kill pump压井关线kill line分流器diverter分流关线diverter line管汇manifold 节流阀choke旁通阀standby choke井漏lost returns, lost circulation环空砂桥堵annular bridging远控节流控制台remote choke panel环形防喷器annular preventer封隔部分packing element液压操作试验hydraulic operator test封钻杆防喷器pipe ram preventer全闸板防喷器blind ram变芯闸板防喷器variable bore ram剪切闸板防喷器blind shear ram单闸板single ram双闸板double ram三闸板triple ram旋转头rotating head井口四通侧接口side outlet of spool橡胶密封元件rubber packing element 地面防喷器surface BOP水下防喷器sub sea BOP2次密封腔(室) secondary chamber顶部密封top seal闸板块ram block前部密封front seal, front packer底部刀刃lower blade block上部刀刃upper blade block侧密封side packer闸板密封总成ram block assembly紧急情况下封隔密封emergency plastic packing seal2次密封secondary seal楔形原理锁紧wedge lock液压锁紧poslock自动锁紧auto-lock万能防喷器hydril密封快block seals蓄能器accumulator bottles防喷器控制部分BOP control unit控制阀manipulators valves蓄能器工作液usable fluid方钻杆旋塞Kelly cock安全阀Safety valve内防喷器Inside BOP投入式单流阀Drop in check valve钻头单流阀Bit float气体分离器Mud gas separator真空除气器Vacuum degasser泥浆池液面纪录仪Pit volume recorder泥浆流动传感仪mud flow sensor密封圈ring gaskets连接件connections关井/开压力比closing & opening ratio手动节流阀manual choke分配器distribution block缓冲罐buffer tank远程节流阀remote choke井口四通drilling spool液压控制阀HCR泥浆增量Pit gains全开安全阀Full opening safety valve, FOSV渗透率The percolation rate泄压Bleed off气串Gas migration硫化氢侵入H2S influx加重材料Weighted material节流操作Choke operation最初循环压力Initial circulating pressure, ICP循环结束压力Final circulating pressure, FCP分流器Diverter分流器管线Diverter line预期压力Anticipated pressure氮气Nitrogen预冲氮气压力Pre-charge nitrogen pressure 气瓶容量Bottle capacity气瓶下放支架Bladder & puppet assembly液压控制阀HCR valve压力调节阀Pressure regulating valve操作控制管汇Operating manifold旁通阀By pass valve换向阀Selector valve井控辅助设备Auxiliary well control equipment 泥浆流量传感器Mud flow sensor地脚螺栓连接Studded connection法兰连接Flange connection箍盘连接Hub connection第三章钻井工程作业部分第1节钻井事故泄漏：leak漏失：fluid loss出砂：sand production井喷：blow out井涌：kick，flow off井漏：lost of circulation，circulation lost 坍塌，井壁坍塌：caving，cave in，collapse 出砂：sand production，sand flow桥塞：bridge plug砂桥：sand bridge井堵：well clogging卡钻：sticking卡钻杆：sticking the pipe卡钻具：sticking the drill stem打捞：fishing打捞工作：fishing job侧钻：side-tracking侧钻井眼：sidetracking hole水泥窜槽：cement channeling固井失败：cement failure防砂：sand control，sand-proof第2节钻头牙轮钻头：rock bit，tooth-wheel bit刮刀钻头：drag bit金钢石钻头：diamond bit镶齿钻头：tungsten carbide bit，insert bit 喷射钻头：jet bit铣齿钻头：milled bit牙轮：cone钻头装卸器：bit breaker钻头直径：bit diameter钻头寿命：bit life钻头规格：bit gauge钻头磨损：bit wear钻头型号：bit type水眼尺寸：nozzle size水眼效率：nozzle efficiency钻头接头：bit sub第3节钻具方钻杆：kelly方钻杆旋转短节：kelly spinner方钻杆考克（旋塞）：kelly cock接头：sub钻头接头：bit sub钻具：dirll stem ，drilling string钻杆：drill pipe管子：tube,pipe钻具组合：drilling assembly扶正器：stabilizer，centering guide翼状扶正器：wing stabilizer扩眼器：reamer钻铤：drill collar无磁钻铤：non-magnetic collar加重钻杆：heavy weight drill pipe近钻头扶正器：near-bit stabilizer绕性接头：flexible joint震击器：jar减震器：shock absorber螺旋钻铤：spiral drill collar键槽破坏器：key seat reamer安全接头：safety joint钻杆刮泥器：drill pipe wiper配合接头：crossover sub减震器：shock sub井下钻具组合：BHA=bottom hole assembly 泥浆动力钻具：mud motor管线：tubeline钻柱：drill string涡轮：turbine涡轮钻具：turbo-drill stem斜度：taper，slope塔式钻具：tapered drill stem接头：a joint，sub管接头：a joint of pipe立根：stand，a stand，thribble加厚：upset内加厚：internal upset外加厚：external upset内外加厚：internal-external upset 丝扣：thread母扣：box公扣：pin左旋螺纹：left-hand thread右旋螺纹：right-hand thread正规接头：regular joint贯眼接头：full hole joint内平接头：internal flush joint护丝：thread protector丝扣油：thread dope，thread oil打捞篮：junk basket打捞工具：fishing tool打捞管柱：fishing string打捞公锥：fishing nipple打捞颈：fishing neck打捞头：fishing head打捞作业：fishing operation打捞母锥：fishing socket牙轮打捞器：cone fisher倒扣工具：reversing tool卡瓦打捞筒：slip socket铣鞋：milling shoe铣具：milling tool平底铣鞋：flat bottom mill磁力打捞工具：magnetic fishing tool 套管打捞矛：casing spear打捞矛：fishing spear打捞钩：fish hook套管打捞筒：casing bowl动力扳手：power wrench动力大钳：power tong大钳活动牙块：hinged jaw大钳锁销：latch大钳悬臂：suspension unit气动工具：pneumatic tool打捞震击器：fishing jars打捞缓冲器：fishing bumper sub打捞环：die collar打捞筒：overshot打捞短节：junk sub卡瓦：slips刮井器：scatcher刮眼器，扩井器：wiper油位检查丝堵：oil lever check plug 油位：oil lever油尺：oil-lever dipstick加油孔：lubrication hole盘根盒：stuffing box井筒工具：well bore tool配套工具：matching tools滚轮扶正器：idler wheel centralizer减摩短节：friction reduction sub轴线加压：hydraulic thruster扶正器：centralizer防脱器、装置：anti-slip device减摩扭矩接箍：torque-reduction sub，减扭接头：torque reduction sub轴向水力加压工具：hydraulic thruster，下套管漂浮接箍：casing floating coupling 轴向加压器：hydraulic thruster第4节钻井工程地面作业实用词汇与短语方入：kelly-in方余：kelly-up开钻：spud in，start drillimg作业指令：working instruction, operation onstruction起钻：POOH = pull out of the hole下钻：run in the hole起下钻：make a trip短起下钻：short trip通井：wiper trip起下循环一周：round a trip循环时间：round time，circulating time换钻头：change bit甩钻具：laydown填井：pack-hole封井：packed drilling发生故障：break down接单根：connection放卡瓦：set slip，setting slip起卡瓦：pull slip扩眼：opening划眼：reaming二层台：double monkey board，runround 顶部驱动器：top drive吊环：bail吊卡：elevator安全卡瓦：safety slips 接头：sub adapter短节：sub，substitute井下震击器：downhole (bumper) jar，down well shaker打捞工具：fishing tool三片卡瓦：three slips，three pieces补芯：bushing方补芯：kelly drive bushings转盘补芯（大方瓦）：rotary drive bushings 转盘刹车：rotary brake丝扣油：thread lubricant oil刹把：brake crank，brake bar，brake lever 脚踏开关：pedal switch挂挡：put into gear拉锚头：pulling cathead内钳：back-up tongs外钳：lead tongs气动大钳：pneumatic tongs液压大钳：hydraulic tongs机械手：mechanical arm铁钻工：machine hand司钻房：driller room有故障：It has broken down，It has something wrong已修好：The breakdown has been fixed马上去：Go there at once请下去：Please go down请上来：Please come up躲开，危险：Get out，danger.请翻译来：Ask (the) interpretor to come here，冲洗：flushing井口：well-head(wellhead)井下落物：fish一根钻杆（单根）：single (pipe)三根钻杆组合（立根）：thribble甩单根：breaking down接单根：make a connection气动绞车：pneumatic drawworks吊蓝：basket卡子：clamp绳套：rope sling松开：loosening紧固：tightening挪开：move it off换班：change shift保养设备：to maintain equipments钻井日志：boring journal，boring log油管悬挂器：tubing hanger第5节钻井工程井口作业实用词汇与短语喇叭口：bell mouth，flare opening贮能器：accumulater液压阀：hydraulic valve液压管：hydraulic hose阻流管：chock line井控管汇：well control manifold泄压阀：pressure relief valve调压针阀：pressure regulating needle valve 回压阀：backpressure valve井口螺丝：the bolt of wellhead井口绞车：well head drawworks水刹车：water brake，hydraulic brake电缆：(electric) cable井口压力：wellhead pressure隔水导管：conductor riser小心滑倒：Guard against slipping不要掉下去：Take care not to fall down我来清理：Let me clean up带把板手来：Bring a spanner，please带把铁锤来：Bring a hammer，please带点密封剂：Bring a little sealant，please 带个密封圈：Bring a sealing washer，please 用起子橇：Prize with (using) screwdriver 用手推注：push by hand卸下来了：lt has been removed off装配好了：lt has been assembled很快就好了：lt will be finshed right away 抬一下：Let's lift it上紧螺丝：tighten the screw松开螺丝：loosen the screw把绳子给我：Give me the rope，please把绳子拿走：Take the rope away，please 试压：pressure testing不漏：no leak，no leakage用电焊：use electric welding用气焊：use gas welding不好焊：awkward to weld焊不好：(be) unble to weld 拿个滑轮来：Bring a block (pulley) here please使劲：put in more effort井口平台：wellhead platform吊索：hoist cable，suspension，cable，crane cable栏杆：handrail，gangway rail，railing蒸汽：vapour压缩空气：pressurized (compressed) air晃得利害：Wobble terribly.扶住：Hold fimly.注意安全：pay attention to safety绳子结实：The rope is (strong) tough绳子要断：The rope is going to snap别动：Don't move，Don't touch.对准：align防火：fire proof正常：normal裸眼：open hole，barefoot井口盖：hole cover井口圆井：cellar密封圈：sealing ring井口切割：wellhead cutting井口焊接：wellhead welding井口照明灯：wellhead lighting (lamp)井架底座：derrick base移动井架：moving derrick反扭距系统：anti-torque system井口灌注管：wellhead charge hose第四章钻井液及相关设备第1节钻井液名称泥浆：mud钻井泥浆：driiling mud钻井液：drilling fluid完井液：completion fluid修井液：work-over fluid压井液：load fluids，killing fluid射孔液：perforating fluid隔离液：spacer fluid射井液：perforating fluid完井液：completion fluid强触变油包水压井液：thixotropy aater-in-oil load fluids泥浆处理：mud treatment，mud treating泥浆处理设备：mud treating equipment普通泥浆：conventional mud，clay-base mud饱和盐水泥浆：saturated salt-water mud海水泥浆：seawater mud油基泥浆：oil-base mud高粘度泥浆：heavy viscous mud重泥浆：heavy mud，weight mud轻泥浆：light-weight mud水包油：water-in-oil非固相：none-solid低固相：low-solid第2节钻井液设备离心泵：centrifugal pump振动筛：shale shaker，shaker，shaker screen筛出：shake out筛布：screen cloth灌注泵：charge pump混合泵：mixing pump混合漏斗：mixing hopper循环池：active tank泥浆计量罐：trip-tank搅拌器：stirrer，mud agitator ，mixter脱气器：degasser除沙器：desander除泥器：desilter泥浆舱：mud deck泥浆抢：mud gun漏斗：hopper泥浆管线：mud line鹅颈管：goose-neck岩屑，钻屑：cuttings泥浆罐，池：mud tank，mud pit沉淀：settle，settling沉积物：deposit沉淀罐：settle tank，settle pit吸入：suction吸入罐：suction pit泥浆天平：mud balance盖子：lid，cape覆盖物，罩：cover游码：slide weight支点：fulcrum刀口：edge 硬粒，钢砂：shot调整，校正：adjust第3节钻井液处理剂包，袋：sack一包：a sack of粘土：clay膨润土，般土：bentonite膨润土泥浆：bentonitic mud重晶石：barite苏打，纯碱：soda苏打粉，纯碱粉：soda ash，soda powder 钠：sodium，quebracho钙：calcium氯：chloride氯化钙：calcium chloride羧甲基：carboxymethyl石棉：asbestos玻璃纤维：cellophane分散：dispersal表面活性剂：surface-active material铁络盐：lignite单宁：tannin云母：mica重络酸钠：sodium bichromate氯化钾：potassium chlorinate纤维素：cellulose羧甲基纤维素：carboxymethyl celluose CMC木纤维：xylogen石灰：lime二氧化钙：calcium oxide粉末：powder薄片：flake溶解：dissolve延迟，妨碍：retard处理剂，添加剂：additives缓凝剂：retarder支撑剂：proppant乳化剂：emulsifying agent，emulsifier润湿剂：wetting agent稳定剂：stabilizing agent除钙剂：calcium remover降失水剂：filtration-reducing agentPH值控制剂：PH control additive润滑剂：lubricant消泡剂：defoamer agent破乳剂：emulsion breaker洗涤剂：detergent清洗剂：cleanout agent防膨胀剂：anti-swelling agent粘土稳定剂：clay stable agent稀释剂：thinner封堵剂：plugging agent抑制剂：inhibition agent暂堵剂：temporary plugging agent解堵剂：plugging removal堵漏剂：lost circulation material，LCM低荧光消泡剂：low fluorescence defoam agent油溶性暂堵剂：oil-soluble temporary plugging agent强触变油包水压井液：thixotropy water-in-oil load fluids水基地层：water base formation水敏储层：water-sensitive reservoirs分散：dispersal水泥浆：cement slurry膨胀水泥浆：expanding cement slurry甲酸盐系统：the formate system防漏：leakage-prevention微硅粉：micro-silica powder漂珠：PFA (pulverized fly ash)弹性防漏剂：elastic lost circulation additive 流变性：rheological characteristics稳定性：stability稠化时间：thickening-time低密度水泥浆：low-density slurry液柱压力：hydrostatic fluid column pressure 液体流变性：fluid rheological property表面活性剂：surfactant钻井液切力：shear of drilling fluid.油气层保护：reservoir protection地层岩石：formation rocks高渗透性：high-permeability水力冲刷：hydraulic scouring along with propping地质短块：geological block分隔器分选压力：separating pressure of packer 投球选择压力：selecting pressure of ball 稠油油藏：condensate oil reservoir动态测试：dynamic data测量数据：measuring date油井产能：oil wells productivity装置参数：unit parameter排放量：drainage volume，discharge volume 产出量：extraction volume分离器：separator负压泵：under-balance pressure，vacuum pressure负压喷射泵：under-balance jet pump放射同位素自动检测仪器：memory automatic detector of radioactive isotope凝胶时间：crossing time凝胶粘度：gel viscosity砾石：gravity悬浮：suspension固化：solidification.防膨胀：anti-swelling高凝高粘度：high condensate,high condensation and viscosity低渗透率：low permeability盐酸：hydrochloric acid土酸酸化：acid acidizing白粉状：white powder，无味的：tasteless无毒的：non-poisonous无荧光：non-fluorescence低荧光：low- fluorescence库房：warehouse，storehouse泥浆房：mud house货舱：bulk house仓室：bin house钻井液性能参数Specificaitons of Drilling Fluid含水：water content密度：density厚度：thickness粘度：viscosity塑性粘度：plastic viscosity含砂量：sand content屈服：yield屈服点：yield point屈服值：yield value屈服强度：yield strength剪切速率：shear rate剪切强度：shear strength剪切应力：shear stress稀释：thining，dilute，dilution液柱压力：hydrostatic fluid column pressure表面活性剂：surfactant钻井液切力：shear of drilling fluid适用温度：safe temperature塑性粘度：plastic viscosity滤失：fluid loss初始切力：initial gel strength终切力：ten-min gel strength 5/25 Pa/Pa 液体流变性：fluid rheological property触变性：thixotropy强触变性：strong thixotropy高温稳定性：high temperature stability泥浆粘附系数：the adhesion coefficient of the mud剪切稀释：shear thining泥浆浓度：density液体浓度:concentration泥浆比重：mud weight，specific weight，weight循环压力：circulation pressure泥浆柱：mud column泥浆柱压力：pressure of mud column压力损失：pressure loss压力冲击：surge pressure抽吸压力：swabbing pressure层流：laminar flow涡流：turbulent flow密封：seal漏，泄：leak打开：open气泡：bubble破裂：break down故障：trouble磨损：wear正常：normal异常：abnormal扔掉：throw away第五章钻井相关作业第1节取芯部分岩心：core，coring取心钻头：core bit取心筒：core barrel内岩心筒：inner barrel外岩心筒：outer barrel岩心爪：core catcher取心工具：corehandling tools取心收获率：core recovery取样器：sample blob取样盒：sample box样品筒：sample chamber取样工：sample cutter，sample catcher取样间隔：sample interval取样层位：sample horizon井壁取心：side-wall coring井壁取心枪：side-wall coring gun取芯钻具：coring tool取芯钻头：coring bit收获率高：high recovery取芯失败：coring failure第2节固井部分固井：cementing完井：well completion水泥：cement井口：wellhead井口压力：well head pressure井口回压：back pressure in the well head 套压：casing pressure井口返液：fluid flowing-back to the wellhead导管：conductor pipe套管直径：casing diameter套管：casing表层套管：surface casing技术套管：intermediate casing油层套管：production casing ，oil string 套管丝扣：casing thread套管鞋：casing shoe套管引鞋：casing shoe guide套管钳：casing tongs套管接箍：casing coupling套管头：casing head套管法兰：casing flange。
简约大气石油开采勘探通用PPTppt通用模板
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Speaker
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Heasphone
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Magnifying
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01
CHAPTER
年度工作概述
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Starouns
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Autotruck
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sATA ANALYSIS
70%
201s
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石油勘探与开采技术培训ppt
02
石油开采技术
BIG DATA EMPOWERS TO CREATE A NEW
ERA
采油技术
采油技术概述
采油技术是石油开采过程中的 关键环节，主要涉及利用各种 手段将地下的石油资源采出。
自喷采油
自喷采油是通过地层自身能量 将油喷到地面的一种采油方式 ，具有成本低、便于管理等优 点。
机械采油
机械采油则是通过抽油机等机 械设备将油从地下采出，适用 于自喷能力不足的油井。
05
石油勘探与开采技术创新与发展
新技术研发
人工智能与机器学习技术
利用人工智能和机器学习算法，对地质数据、地震资料等进行高 效处理和解释，提高勘探精度和效率。
地球物理勘探技术
发展高分辨率地球物理勘探技术，利用地震波、电磁波等方法，对 地下油气藏进行精确探测。
钻井与完井技术
研发新型钻井液、钻头、完井工具等，提高钻井效率、降低成本、 减少环境污染。
地球物理勘探技术
总结词
利用地球物理场的变化规律来探测地层岩性、油气水分布等地质信息的方法。
详细描述
地球物理勘探技术包括重力勘探、磁力勘探、电法勘探等多种方法，通过测量 地球物理场的变化规律，可以推断地下的地质构造和岩性特征，进而判断是否 存在油气藏。
钻井勘探技术
总结词
通过钻探获取地层岩心和钻井液样品，进而分析地层岩性、油气水分布等地质信 息的方法。
气资源。
降低开采成本
02
通过智能化、自动化等技术手段，降低开采成本，提高经济效
益。
保障国家能源安全
03
发展自主可控的石油勘探与开采技术，保障国家能源安全和经
济发展。
THANKS
感谢观看
石油英语优秀课件
石油英语优秀课件
Chapter Six Petroleum Production
Production may be considered as that section of the oil industry concerned with conveying（传送） hydrocarbons（烃） from the reservoir（油藏） to surface, and the separation（分离） of oil, gas, water, and solids to the extent necessary to provide a saleable primary product（初级产品） such as crude oil, NGL(natural gas liquids), and gas.
石油英语优秀课件
石油英语优秀课件
Reservoir Production Mechanisms（机理）
The production mechanisms which owe their existence to these sources of energy are referred to as “water drive” （水驱）, “solution gas drive” (or “depletion drive”) （溶解气驱）, and “gas cap drive”（气顶驱） respectively. The natural drainage of the oil through the reservoir rock under its own gravity（重力） provides a further production mechanism. A combination of drive mechanisms may operate in the same reservoir. Generally, however, one system will dominate（占支配地位） the others and the relative importance of these will change with time during the production of oil and for this reason it is convenient to consider each type of drive mechanism separately and care must be taken during the development of an oil field to use the reservoir drive pressures to their maximum extent（最大程度）.
石油开采ppt钻井平台ppt
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120 100 100 90 80 70 65 60 50 45 40 20 20 35 55 90 85 85 100 100
75
70
75
65
0 PROJECT 1 PROJECT 2 PROJECT 3 PROJECT 4
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石油开采 钻井平台PPT
OIL DRILLING RIG PPT
目录
CONTENTS
年度工作概述
ANNUAL WORK SUMMARY
工作完成情况
COMPLETION OF WORK
成功项目展示
SUCCESSFUL PROJECT
明年工作计划
NEXT YEAR WORK PLAN
01
年度工作概述
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英语的石油勘探PPT
Methods used 2)Gravity surveys:
Inside the gravimeter is a small metal object that a rock's density will
affect. As the boat moves over the water, the gravimeter weighs the
have to have some indication that the spot holds promise. In the search for that
spot, four steps may take place: First, the company may run a magnetic survey.
reservoirs usually do not give any indication on the surface. Explorationists
cannot therefore find them by direct observation. And offshore, where seas and oceans cover the seafloor, oil finders must depend entirely on indirect scientific
overlying strata. As the molten salt shoves its
way upward through the rock layers, it flits those layers it pierces and folds those above. Eventually, the molten salt cools and solidifies, leaving deformed rock structures around it that can serve as traps. Hydrocarbons can migrate into any porous and permeable beds around the column of salt and be trapped there, since salt is impermeable. The folded, porous beds above the salt can also serve as hydrocarbon traps if overlain by an impervious layer.
石油勘探英语
GEOPHYSICISTS(地球物理师)1.Today we’ll shoot line from the high number, is everybody here?今天我们要放2号线，大号放炮，都到齐了吗？2．No, Xiao Li is ill ,and Old Zhang is absent.小李病了，老张没来3．I see, They asked for a day off, everything all set我知道了，他们请了一天假，一切都准备好了4．The weather is favourable today ,We must do our best to meet the goal:200shots.今天天气很好，我们要争取完成200炮的任务5．We haven’t got enough water tank for the drilling, by the way ,why all this hurry 钻井组水管不够，顺便问一下，为什么这么急6．This area will be flooded over in two days ,We must finish this line in time 这个地区两天后要被水淹没，我们必须及时干完这条线7．Well, take care while driving Safety first ,set out please好了，谨慎驾驶，安全第一，出发。
8．It’s late today. Let’s stop our work.天不早了，就干到这儿吧9．Make sure everything’s in order and take inventory inventory of your own thing .把一切准备好，清点自己的东西10．Get on the car and go home. 上车回家11．How do you prepare for you field operation.你是怎样准备野外施工的12．After making a careful scouting to the whole working area ,we must try to get as much information as we can about the area.在经过对整个工区仔细的踏勘之后，我们必须尽可能多的搜集有关该区的资料13．Would you say something more about it？你能详细介绍下吗？14．Sure ,for example, he surface lithology, hydrologic conditions and subsurface formation, tec.可以，比如表层岩性、水文情况以及地下岩层等。
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Here’s an example of an Oil reservoir with a Gas cap
Gas
Oil
Water
Why do you suppose the gas is on top?
Prepared by Tom Sheeran
How do we find the oil reservoirs?
(For example, we know that present day garbage dumps give off methane gas)
Prepared by Tom Sheeran
What else do we know about oil and gas?
Oil in it’s natural state can be thick
Exploring and Drilling for Oil and Gas
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What are Oil and Gas?
• Oil and Gas are substances found within the earth’s crust. • They are thought to come from decomposed plant and animal matter. • Scientists believe the plants and animals died long ago, and were slowly buried by thick layers of sediments. Over a long period of time, and with pressure and temperature, the organic materials were converted into the oil and gas which are found today.
That’s enough gas in a single barrel of oil to
fill your whole house!
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Where can we find Oil and Gas?
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Some people think that oil is in big pools underground.
Drill ships and semi-submersible rigs are for drilling in water depths from 100 to 5000+ ft.
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What’s a drilling rig ?
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So, how do we find oil-bearing rocks?
• Oil and gas are found in natural traps within the earth. • These traps consist of domes or faults. Impermeable rock above the trap prevents the oil and gas from migrating up to surface. An “impermeable” rock is one that fluid cannot pass through. • without traps, the oil and gas could migrate all the way to the surface and evaporate.
The drill string is turned at surface, which turns the bit at the bottom of the hole.
Drilling mud is pumped down the inside of the drill pipe, through jet nozzles in the bit, and into the “annulus”. This is the space between the sides of the hole and the drill pipe.
A Drilling Rig is:
A package of special equipment put together to enable us to
drill into the earth.
• A drilling rig has many different parts: a derrick, a substructure, hoisting equipment, engines for power, drill pipe, steel tanks, pumps, solids control equipment, and many other pieces.
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Here’s an example of a Gas reservoir.
Gas Water Again, note the impermeable layer of rock preventing the gas from escaping.
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Jackup Rig Land Rig For drilling in water depths from 15 ft to +/- 350 ft.
For drilling on land.
Inland Barge
Drill Ship
Semi-Sub`mersible Rig For drilling in water depths from 8 to 30 ft.
• Did you know that some drilling rigs can drill as deep as 6 miles? That’s as deep as Mt. Everest is tall!
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This picture shows the hoisting equipment on a rig.
The teeth on the drill bit grind the rock into fragments, or “cuttings”.
The mud lifts the cuttings and circulates them back to surface where they are removed.
• Geophysicists find reservoirs by bouncing sound waves off them, and timing how
long it takes for the sound to come back
• Computers process the data to construct pictures of what the earth looks like
Actually, most oil is trapped in the tiny pore spaces between
grains of rock or sand. Most of these pores are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
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or thin, black or light colored.
When oil is refined, many products
can be obtained:
Many other materials also come
• • • • • Energy for power Gasoline for cars `Diesel fuel for trucks and trains Hi-`octane fuels for planes Heating oil for houses from pe`troleum: • Plastics • Materials for clothes (example: poly`ester fabrics) • Chemicals for everyday use • Paints
This equipment is used to raise or lower the drill string, which is picked up in 30 foot long segments, or “joints”, of drill pipe.
The hoisting equipment consists of: a crown block, a traveling block, drilling line, and a drawworks to pull the drilling line up or down. substructure Drill string Drill bit spare drill pipe
carbon dioxide which is put inside of pop to give it its fizz.
A barrel of oil may contain anywhere from
1 cubic ft of gas, to over 10,000 cubic ft, depending on the type of reservoir.
underground.
source t = 1 sec
t = 1.2 sec
t = 1.42 sec
receivers
Gas Oil
Prepared by Tom Sheeran