人教版八年级上册单元测试题
人教版八年级上册英语第一单元测试题附答案
以下是为⼤家提供的《⼈教版⼋年级上册英语第⼀单元测试题附答案》，供⼤家参考！相关推荐：|||第Ⅰ卷 听⼒部分(15分) Ⅰ.听句⼦，选择与其意思相符的图⽚(有两幅多余图⽚)(5分) 1．Mary exercises twice a week. 2．My parents often go shopping on weekends. 3．Sometimes John surfs the Internet. 4．Vegetables and fruit can help you keep healthy. 5．Jim likes reading in the evening. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ Ⅱ.听下⾯五段对话。
每段对话后⾯有⼀个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出选项(5分) W：What do you usually do onweekends，Sam? M：I usually play soccer. Q：What does Sam usually do on weekends? 6．A.Shop. B．Play sports. C．Visit his friends. M：How often do you watch TV，Gina? W：I want to watch TV every day，but I watch TV only on Saturday evening. Q：How often does Gina watch TV? 7．A.Every day. B．Never. C．Once a week. M：Do you like junk food，Rose? W：No，I hardly ever eat junk food.I love vegetables and fruit.They are good for my health. Q：What food does Rose like? 8．A.Vegetables. B．Junk food. C．Vegetables and fruit. W：Do you sleep well at night，Bill? M：Yes，I usually go to bed at about 9：00 and I get up early，too，at 6：00. W：Great! Q：How many hours does Bill sleep? 9．A.Nine hours. B．Ten hours. C．Over ten hours. W：What do you have for breakfast，David? M：I usually have some bread and an egg. W：What about milk? M：I never drink milk.I can't stand it. Q：What doesn't David have for breakfast? 10．k. B．An egg. C．Bread. Ⅲ.听短⽂，选择选项(5分) There are 45 students in our class.I have mad e a survey.36 students say they like to exercise.Most boys play basketball together twice a week.My friend，Tony，is good at running.He runs the fastest in our class.Gray is good at swimming.He goes to the swimming club three times a month in winter，and three times a week in summer.So he's pretty healthy.Some of my classmates have good eating habits.70% of them drink milk every day.15 students say they drink milk three or four times a week.But some students like junkfood，especially Sally.What's worse is that she doesn't like to exercise，so she is very fat.She always says，“I'm going to lose weight tomorrow.” 11．How many students are there in our class? A．Forty f ive. B．Fifty f ive. C．Thirty f ive. 12．How often do most boys play basketball together? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every day. 13．Who runs fastest in our class? A．Gray. B．Tony. C．Sally. 14．How many times does Gray go to the swimming club in summer? A．Three times a month. B．Three times a week. C．We don't know. 15．What do 70% students like to do? A．Drink milk. B ．Play football. C．Eat junk food. 第Ⅱ卷 笔试部分(85分) Ⅳ.单项选择(10分) 16．— ______ is a nationwide population census (全国⼈⼝普查) held? —Once every ten years. A．How many B．How much C．How often D．How long 17．Which of the following can make Tom healthy? A．Doing homework. B．Playing basketball. C．Eating many French Fries. D．Getting up late. 18．Although he is very old，______ he works very hard. A．so B．but C．and D．/ 19．______ the computer，I surf the Internet once a week. A．As for B．As in C．As from D．As o f 20．You look ______ your twin brother. A．same as B．same like C．the same as D．the same like 21．—How often do you call your pen pal? —______. A．For a week B．In a month C．About two weeks D．Once a week 22．Lily ______ listens to music in the evening. A．sometime B．sometimes C．some time D．some times 23．Here ______ the results ______ the student activity survey. A．is；with B．are；of C．is；of D．are；with 24．My parents are in good ______.They are pretty ______. A．health；health B．healthy；healthy C．health；healthy D．healthy；health 25．It's good ______ your health ______. A．for；to drink milk B．for；drink milk C．of；drink milk D．of；to drink milk Ⅴ.完形填空(10分) What should we do to _ _26__healthy？One important rule is to exercise every day. The King family try to __27__ every day.Mr King __28__ exercise in the morning __29__ he must get to his office before seven o'clock，so he runs every evening. Mrs King likessports，__30__.She walks to work every day and after work she plays different __31__ with her friends.She likes yoga (瑜伽) very much and she goes to yoga class __32__. Bob，their __33__，also loves sports.He often goes to school__34__.His favorite sport is__35__.He wants to be a famous player like Lin Dan. 26．A.keep B．make C．do D．need 27．A.exercise B．swim C．skateboard D．walk 28．A.may not B．must not C．can not D．should not 29．A.but B．and C．although D．because 30．A.also B．either C．again D．too 31．A.sports B．games C．basketball D．ping p ong 32．A.in two weeks B．after two weeks C．twice a week D．for two weeks 33．A.friend B．son C．daughter D．teacher 34．A.by bus B．on foot C．by taxi D．by car 35．A.running B．basketball C．badminton D．soccer Ⅵ.阅读理解(20分) A Do you like sports？Are you getting enough exercise？Well，if you're looking for a way to exercise，try walking. ●Walking is easy.There are no special instructions，and there are no rules.You just walk—left，right，left，right.See？It's easy.●Walking is cheap.Don't spend money on expensive clothes and equipment (器材)．All you need is a pair of comfortable shoes. ●Walking is fun，and it gives you time for yourself.Go with a friend.Walk and take a talk.Do something youenjoy.Listen to music，think about life，relax and so on. ●Walking is good for your health.It's good for your mind and body.You feel energetic after walking a lot.And now science is proving that walking outdoors is the best exercise. ●Walking is good in all kinds of weather.So it's raining？Don't worry.Take an umbrella.When it's sunny，wear sunglasses.If it'shot，take some water with you.When it's cold，you always feel warm.And walking in the snow is of great fun! Are you willing to walk？Don't wait! Just do it! 根据短⽂内容，判断句⼦正 (T)误 (F)。
人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题及答案全套
人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题及答案全套一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1. 下列运算中，结果是有理数的是（）。
A. √7 + √5B. √8 + √16C. √11 + 5D. √3 + 2√72. 已知a、b为正有理数，且a > b，下列不等式中正确的是（）。
A. a√2 > b√2B. a√3 < b√3C. a√5 > b√5D. a√6 < b√63. 下列数中，不能化成√10 形式的无理数是（）。
A. √10 –√5B. (√15 + √5) –√10C. √10 + √5D. (√15 –√5) + √104. 已知√3 + √2 > x，下列结论错误的是（）。
A. √2 < xB. √6 > xC. 2 < xD. 1 < x5. 若(a+b)√2 = a√3 + b√6，那么a:b等于（）。
A. 1:2B. 2:1C. 1:1D. 1:36. 已知数集A = {x | x = 2k – 1，k∈Z}，则集合A的元素个数是（）。
A. 0B. 3C. 4D. 57. 过已知点P(a,b)，不与直线y = 2x + 1平行的直线的个数是（）。
A. 0B. 1C. ∞D. 28. 两直线k1∶－2x + y = 4，k2∶ 6x – 3y = 1，那么k1和k2的关系是（）。
A. 相交B. 平行C. 重合D. 垂直9. 若线段AB的中点坐标是(2,1)，A的坐标是(5,3)，则B的坐标是（）。
A. (-1,-1)B. (4,1)C. (3,5)D. (1,4)10. 在平面直角坐标系xOy中，点A(7,3)关于y轴的对称点是（）。
A. (7,3)B. (3,7)C. (-7,3)D. (7,-3)二、填空题（每小题2分，共20分）11. 设√a = √2 + √3，则a等于填空。
12. 若x∈R 且√(x+1) = 2，则x的值为填空。
人教版八年级物理上册单元测试卷(全套附答案)
物理试卷（第一章 声现象）一、 单项选择题（每题3分，共24分）1、在电视机的遥控器上，有以下几个按钮（图标），如下图，其中控制音量（响度）大小的是： （ ）A ．B ．C ．D ． 2、晚上当你在家复习功课，准备期中考试时，邻居正在引吭高歌，对你的学习产生干扰，则下列措施中无效的是： （ ） A ．与邻居协商使其减小音量 B ．打开窗户让空气加速流动 C ．紧闭室内的门窗 D ．用棉花塞住自己的耳朵 3、在一只玻璃杯中先后装入不同量的水，用细棒轻轻敲击，会听到不同频率的声音。
与此类似，当医生在给病人检查腹部是否有积水时，常会用手轻轻敲击患者腹部，细细倾听其发出的声音，此为“叩诊”。
这主要是根据什么来判断腹部是否有积水的？ （ ） A ．声音的响度 B ．声音的音调 C ．声音的音色 D ．声音是否悦耳动听 4、在城市高架道路的某些路段可以看到两侧设有3m ～4m 高的透明板墙，如图1所示，安装这些板墙是为了（ ） A ．保护车辆安全行驶 B ．阻止车辆排放的废气外泄 C ．体现高架道路设计的美观 D ．阻挡车辆产生的噪声，减小噪声的污染 5、剧院及音乐厅，四周墙壁常挂呢绒帘幕，同时墙壁会做成凹凸不平的像蜂窝似的，这是为了 （ ） A ．装饰、美观 B ．易于反射声波，增大声音 C ．吸收声波，减小嘈杂的回声 D 、提高声音的音调 6、请你用物理学的准确用语来“翻译”生活用语，有利于我们把握事物的 本质，“引吭高歌”和“低声细语”，这里的高与低指的是 （ ） A ．音色好坏 B ．音调高低 C ．响度大小 D ．乐音三要素 7、我国已进行“神舟”五号载人航天飞船的试验，杨利伟乘坐宇宙飞船遨游太空，不久，“神舟”六号将会将更多的宇航员带上太空，宇航员在太空舱中可以直接对话，但在飞船外作业时，他们之间不能直接对话，必须借助电子通信设备进行交流，其原因 ( ) A ．用通信设备对话是为了方便 B ．声音的传播需要介质 C ．太空中噪声太大 D ．声音只能在地面上传播8、如图2天坛公园的回音壁是我国建筑史上的一大奇迹，回音壁应用的声学原理是（ ）A ．声音的反射使原声增强B ．声音在不同介质中的传播速度不同C ．声音的音调不同D ．发声的物体在振动二、 填空题（每空1分，共24分） 9、如图3所示，用硬纸片把一个喇叭糊起来，做成一个“舞台”．台上小人在音乐声中翩翩起舞，这个现象说明______________________． 10、图4、图5是两种声音的波形，从图可知：图4是 的波形，理由是 ；图5是的波形，理由是。
(完整版)英语八年级上册人教版测试题(第一单元)
人教版英语八年级上册第一单元测试题一、单项选择1.----- _________ did you do last night ?------ I played computer games in my bedroom.A. WhatB. HowC. WhyD. Where2. Most of the ______ ______ very hot .A. city ; isB. city ; areC. cities ; isD. cities ,was3. I spend 2 hours doing my homework and I need _____ to finish itA. the other hourB.another one hourC. one another hourD.an hour more4. -------_______ did you ________the summer vacation?------- It was terrible . I have too much homework to do .A.What; thinkB. How , likedC. How; think ofD. How ; feel about5.When it’s very hot , I _______ swimming in the pool .A. would likeB. wantC. feel likeD. decide6. The children are too young to look after ______.A. myselfB. themselvesC. theyD. yourself7. It’s only 19:00, we decide ______ homeA. goingB. go toC. not to goD. not to go to8. We had great fun ________the volleyball match between the Chinese team and Japanese team.A. watchB. watchedC. watchesD. watching9. How about ________a drink?A. haveB. to haveC. hadD. having10. The teacher made me ________at school because I didn’t finish my homework yesterday.A. stayB. stayingC. to stayD. stayed11. ------ Is _______ here ?-------Bob is not here.A. everyoneB. anyoneC.someoneD.nobody12. I had ________money for a taxi，so I walked home.A. noB. someC. anyD. a little13. I found an elephant ________across the river.A. walksB. walkedC. to walkD. walking14. I ________you yesterday afternoon，but you ________at home.A. call，aren’tB. am calling，aren’tC. called，wereD. called，weren’t15.A quarter ______, we felt very thirsty.A. lateB. afterC. laterD. behind16.There are ______ people ,so it’s very crowded (拥挤的) .A. quite a fewB. a lotC. a littleD. few17.Dogs are like ______to us and they are ______ to us.A. friends ; friendB. friends ; friendlyC. friendly ; friendsD. friend ; friendly18.We are _______ when we hear the ________ news -we don’t have classes tomorrow.A. exciting; excitedB.excited, excitedC. excited; excitingD. exciting;exciting19. The food there is ________.I’ll take you there next time.A. deliciousB. terribleC. awfulD. wonder20.We had great fun ________in the water last weekend.A. playB. playedC. playingD. to play21. The food is ________, but I have ________ to buy.A. enough expensive ; enough moneyB. cheap enough ; enough moneyC. expensive enough ; money enoughD. enough expensive ; money enough22.There isn’t ______ with your bicycle, you can ride home.A. something wrongB. anything wrongC.wrong somethingD. nothing wrong23. ---- I usually go there by train.------Why not _________ by boat ?A.to try goingB.try to goC.to try to goD.try going24.It is _____ to watch the _____ TV showsA. boring ; boringB. boring ;boredC. bored;boredD. bored;boring25.Mr.Zhu is not here. Where ____ he ______?A. did; goB. does; goesC. does; goD.will go26.Tom didn ’t pass the exam _______ someone told him wrong answers.A.because ofB. soC. becauseD. and27. We keep _______ and it keeps us ______A. to swim ; healthB. swimming; healthyC. to swim ; healthyD. swimming; health28. Tom doesn ’t wait _____ anybody and can ’t wait _____ home.A. / ; goB. /; to goC. for; to goD. for; go29.I was ____ tired that I ______ in class .A. too, sleepB. so , sleptC. too , sleptD. so; sleep30.There is _______ sheep on the farm.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few.二、单词填空：写出下列动词的过去式1.stay2.go3.study4.have5.fly6.do7.rain8.make9.decide 10.eat三、完形填空Mr. and Mrs. Brown were teachers. They lived in a big _1_ .Last year they went to thecountryside for their summer vacation. They_ 2 _ it very much because it was a quite clean place. One day they went for a _ 3 in the morning and saw an old man. He sat in the __ 4 _ sun in front of his house. Mr.Brown went to him and aske d, “Do you like __5 in this quiet place?” The old man answered, “Yes, I __ _6 __ .”Mr. Brown asked, “What are the _ __7_ _ things about it?”The old man answered “Well, ___ 8___ here knows each other(互相) well. They often come to see me, and I often go to visit _ __9 __, too. Also, there are lots of children here.”Mr. Brown said, “That’s interesting. Well,___10__ are the bad things?”The old man thought for a short time and said, “Well, the same things.”() 1. A. city B. house C. country D. village C. played D. swam B. walk C. look D. say () 2. A. learned B. enjoyed () 3. A. talk () 4. A. cold () 6. A. can B. cloudy C. warm D. wet B. am C. do D. did B. cheap C. delicious D. well B. everyone C. no one D. something () 5. A. reading B. living C. sitting D. studying () 7. A. good () 8. A. nothing () 9. A. him B. you C. them D. themselves ( ) 10. A. what B. how C. who D. which四、阅读理解 AK im went to a beautiful beach on Monday with his friends . It was sunny and hot. So they had great fun playing in the water. In the afternoon, they went shopping. But the shops were crowded, they didn’t really enjoy it.The next day, it was rainy, so they went to a museum. It was boring. Kim found a small boy crying in the corner. The boy was lost. He helped the boy find his father. Kim was very happy. But he had no money for a taxi. So he had to walked back to the hotel. That made him feel very tired.On Wednesday, the weather was very cool. So they played tennis. They played all morning. It was really fun.根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误，正确的用“T”，错误的用“F”。
人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题附答案全套
人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题附答案全套第一单元：有理数单项选择题1.下列数中，哪个是负有理数？a.0b. 5c. -3d. 22.哪组数中，有一个正有理数和一个负有理数？a.{-2, -3}b. {0, 1}c. {5, 7}d. {-4, 4}3.下列数中，哪些是无理数？a.√2b. -7c. 0.5d. 3/74.若 a、b 均为正有理数，且 a > b，那么 a < 0 的可能性是多少？a.0b. 1c. 无穷大d. 无法确定5.若 a 和 b 是互为倒数的数，且 a 是正有理数，则 b 是：a.正有理数b. 负有理数c. 正无理数d. 负无理数解答题1.请用画数轴的方法表示 -2.5 这个有理数。
数轴2.判断下列数中哪些是有理数，哪些是无理数：√3、0.75、-5.5、0、5/4–有理数：0.75、-5.5、0、5/4–无理数：√3答案单项选择题答案：1. c 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. d解答题答案： 1.2. 有理数：0.75、-5.5、0、5/4，无理数：√3第二单元：整式的加减单项选择题1.下列算式中，不是整式的是：a.3x + y + 5b. 2x² - 3x + 4c. 4√2 + 7d. 6x - 5y - 42.下列算式中，能简化为整式的是：a.3x - √2b. 6x - 2/xc. 5x + 1/2d. 4x - √33.若 a = 2x + 3y，b = 4x - 6y，则 a - b 的结果是：a.2x + 3yb. -2x - 9yc. 6x - 3yd. -6x + 9y解答题1.将算式 3xy + 7y² - 4yx - 5x²的项按 x 的次数从高到低写出来。
-5x² + (3xy - 4yx) + 7y²2.将算式 a = 2x + 3y 和 b = 4x - 6y 相加，并合并同类项。
八年级英语上册第一单元测试题及答案(最新3篇)
八年级英语上册第一单元测试题及答案（最新3篇）人教版八年级英语上册第一单元测试题答案篇一一、听力部分Ⅰ。
听句子，选择你所听到的单词或短语。
每个句子读一遍。
1、 Jim is visiting his friend in Hong Kong.2、 She is staying there for a week.3、 My parents always go to Europe for their vacations.4、 Please show me your photos next week.5、 He was thinking about going to Beijing.Ⅱ。
听对话，选择最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
6、 W: Tom, where are you going for vacation?M:Italy.7、 W: What’s Jane doing tomorrow?M: She is babysitting her sister.8、 W: John, are you going camping?M:Yes, I’m going camping next week.9、 W: Where is Mary?M:She has gone to Hawaii for a holiday.W:How long is she staying there?M:For three weeks.10、W:What’s the weather like in Beijing?M:It’s cold.Ⅲ。
听对话，选择最佳答案。
对话读两遍。
听第一段对话，回答第11至12小题。
M: Mom, I am going to Maria’s birthday party tonight. What should I do?W: You should give her a present.M: What present should I take?W: Why not bring her a notebook?M: No, it is not special enough.W: How about some flowers? Girls always like flowers.M: Sounds good.听第二段对话，回答第13至15小题。
人教版初中英语八年级上册Units1-4 各单元测试卷及参考答案
人教版初中英语八年级上册Units1-4单元测试卷八年级英语上册Unit 1单元测试卷一、单项选择（共20小题；共20分）（）1.After dinner, he stayed at home and played violin. A. the, /, the B. /, /, the C. /, the, / D. a, the, the（）2. I don't have a present for my friend. What if else brings a present?A. anybodyB. nobodyC. everyoneD. none（）3. I feel my stomach terrible. I think I ate at lunch time.A. something badB. something goodC. bad somethingD. good something（）4. My little girl saw outside. Shall we go and have a look?A. strange somethingB. something strangeC. anything strangeD. strange nothing（）5. There are fifty students in our class. 30% of them are girls. _____ of them are boys.A. FewB. A fewC. AnyD. Most（）6. There four teachers and a student in the office.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are（）7.--- Didn't I tell you my new address?---A. Yes, you didn't.B. No, you didn't.C. No, you did.D. Yes, you told.（）8.Where your uncle ten years ago?A. is; workingB. does; workC. did; workD. do; work （）9.The girl is to go to school.A. enough youngB. enough oldC. old enoughD. young enough（）10.--- You'd better keep the secret to , Millie and Lily.--- OK, Amy. You should keep it for , too?A. yourself; youB. myself; yourselfC. you; ourselvesD. yourselves; us（）11. When I swim in the river, I _____ I’m a fish.A. look likeB. sound likeC. feel likeD. am like（）12. ---Do you enjoy traveling by air?--- No, it’s expensive.A. too muchB. more muchC. muchD. much too （）13. Kate ____ her uncle last week. She did her homework.A. doesn’t visitB.don’t visitC. didn’t visitD. visited （）14. ---______? ---She is a nurse.A.Where does your mother do?B. What does your mother do?C. What is your mother doing?D. Who is your mother?（）15. We have worked for three hours. Now let’s stop a rest.A. hadB. haveC. to haveD. having（）16. Near here is a beautiful park _____ a big lake in it.A. ofB. withC. onD. from（）17. One of his friends ______ from the United Kingdom.A. comeB. comesC. comingD. to come（）18.—Who helped you clean the bedroom yesterday, Kitty?—. I cleaned it all by myself.A. NobodyB. EverybodyC. SomebodyD. Anybody（）19. The Greens arrived New York a sunny day.A. in; inB. at; inC. at; onD. in; on（）20. The Great Wall is famous lots of visitors all over the world come to visit it every year.A. so; thatB. such; thatC. enough; thatD. very; that二、完形填空(20分)This week, I asked my classmates about their vacations.Here are some of their answers.Linda1to Sydney, Australia. The2was sunnyand the people3friendly to her. She went there by4and the air trip was relaxing. She went to Sydney Opera House.It’s wonderful. She had a5vacation.Alice went6her aunt. At first the weather was7and wet, she had to stay at the house. She watched TV8the TVshows were boring. Later on the weather got better. So she wentshopping with her aunt. The shop assistants were all9and kind.She bought something nice for herself.Peter stayed at home. First he did his homework. It was a little difficult. Then he10 computer games. They were interesting. He thought his vacation was OK.（）1. A. go B. goes C. went D. going （）2. A. place B. weather C. museum D. beach（）3. A. were B. was C. is D. are（）4. A. bike B. train C. bus D. plane（）5. A. bad B. terrible C. great D. boring（）6. A. to visit B. visiting C. visited D. visits（）7. A. sunny B. rainy C. windy D. wind（）8. A. but B. and C. or D. with（）9. A. friend B. impolite C. unfriendly D. friendly（）10. A. play B. played C. listened D. wrote三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）AVisit Swansea ZooCome and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America.The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys fro m China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.Tickets Opening timeGrown-ups: $2.00 9:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m.Children: Over 12 $1.00 except(除了)FridayUnder 12:Free 10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m.Keep the zoo clean!Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.（）1. How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Seven.（）2. Now Mr. Smith is in the zoo with his two sons, one aged 14 and the other 10, how much are the tickets together?A. $ 4.00.B. $ 2.00.C. $ 3.00.D. $ 1.00.（）3. Which of the following is the visiting time?A. 8:30 a.m. Monday.B. 9:30a.m. Friday.C. 3:00 p.m. Sunday.D. 5.00 p.m. Tuesday.（）4. From the passage we can guess the animal “g i raffe” must be very _________.A. fatB. longC. strongD. tall（）5. Which of the following can we do in the zoo?A. To give some food to the fish.B. To touch the monkey on the head.C. To throw things everywhere.D. To take a few nice photos.BOur family went to the Yellow Stone National Park last summer vacation. Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there. And what an experience(经历)it was!When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore(探险). As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp.Tom wanted his father to chase(追赶)him away. His father said, “No. It’s dangerous to chase a bear. And don’t let him chase you. ”Susie said, “What shall we do? Maybe we should climb a tree. ”Tom said, “No. We have to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent. ”“Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat. ”Susie suggested. Then I said, “How are you going to get the honey? It’s in the tent. ”We watched the bear go into the tent and heard him upset(翻倒; 弄翻)everything inside. “It’s foolish for us to try to chase him away. ”said my husband, “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out. ”We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night.（）6. Tom wanted to go to Yellow Stone National Park to see.A. tigersB. wolvesC. bearsD. birds（）7. Where did the family go on vacation last summer?A. They went to the Central Park.B. They went to Yellow Stone National Park.C. They went to a zoo.D. They just stayed at home.（）8. Who do you think saw the bear first?A. Susie.B. Tom.C. The writer.D. The writer’s husband.（）9. What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent?A. They chased the bear away.B. They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.C. They climbed up a tree.D. They put some honey outside for the bear to eat.（）10. What did the bear do in the tent?A. He ate the honey.B. He chased the people away.C. He drank the beer.D. He turned things upside down.CIt was the last day of school. Peter was happy. He liked school, but he liked summer vacation better.He was having a pool party. All his friends were coming. He could hardly(几乎不) wait. After school, he rushed home. He wanted the party to be just right. Mum made sandwiches. She also had a big jug of juice. "Peter, make sure your room is clean," she said. Peter nodded(点头). Soon the doorbell rang. "Let me answer it!" said Peter.Alan and James were there. They were ready to swim. "Hi!" said Peter. "We are almost ready to start. Come in." The two boys came in. They played a game until(直到) the other three came. Then they played in the pool.The pool deck was hot. The water was cold. They had great fun playing in the water. Mum put food and drinks on the table. It was near the pool. She took photos for them. They had a good time.（）11. Peter was having a .A. picnicB. classC. birthday partyD. pool party（）12. How many friends came to the party?A. 6.B. 5.C. 4.D. 7.（）13. What did they drink?A. Juice.B. Cola.C. Soda.D. Water.（）14. What did Mum do during the party?A. She made sandwiches.B. She made a jug of juice.C. She took photos for them.D. She cleaned their rooms. （）15. What is the best title for this story?A. Peter's Friends.B. Peter's Home.C. Peter's Pool.D. Peter's Party.DDo you live in a city? Do you know how cities began? Long long ago, the world had only a few thousand people. These people moved from one place to another. They moved over the land, hunting animals for food.No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives changed. They did not have to move houses any more.They could stay in one place and grow it. People began to live near each other, so the first village grew. Many people came to work in the villages, and these villages became larger and larger.Then people had machines, life in the villages changed again. People built factories. More and more people lived near the factories. So the villages grew into cities. Some of them grew very big.Today, it's strange that some people are moving back to small villages. Can you tell me why?根据短文内容，完成下列小题。
新人教版英语八年级上册单元过关试题及答案（全册）
人教版英语八年级上册Unit1测试限时:60分钟满分：100分一、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）1.It was so noisy that I couldn't hear speak.A.myselfB.ourselvesC.yourselfD.yourselves2.Sun Yang is well known to the world his winning in2017Swimming Championships（丰帛标赛）.A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.because of3.The old man never speaks English,but he knows.Englishwords.A.a little C.littleB.quite a few D.quite a lot4.My grandparents decided in the countryside,because it isquiet there.A.livingB.to liveC.liveD.lived5.1think the job is..It always makes me feelA.boring;boredB.boring;boringC.bored;boringD.bored;bored6.—Have you read today's newspaper?一Yes.It's really boring.There isA.something newB.nothing newC.anything newD.everything new7.—angry Kangkang looks!What happened?—He found his mother reading his diary when he returned home yesterday.A.HowB.WhatC.What anD.What a8.一Can you understand me,Tony?一Yes,madam.You speak that I can follow you.A.enough clearB.clear enoughC.so clearD.so clearly9.Please your parents or friends if you are lost in the shoppingcenter.A.get upB.keep offC.call offD.wait for10.一What do you think of the life in the country?A.WonderfulB.No problemC.Good luckD.That's right二、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）It happened on the day when school started after a two-month summer holiday.Shankar11to wake up at 6am.He wanted to12more about his visit to his grandparents'home.He specially remembered his two13to the Bandipur National Park.It was a forest full of14!Shankar had been lucky to see the Asian elephants,the Mugger crocodiles and the tigers.He wanted"next time,,to be now!But first,his mother and then his father kept talking in his ear till he had to15.However,once Shankar saw his friends in the school bus,he felt16to be back to school.When Shankar returned home in the afternoon,he saw his mother standing at the door."Shankar,I wanted to tell you myself.Your grandpa had a bad17while driving.I think it is time to be back to the 18and see him.You and I shall19right now."Now Shankar has another20.He wants his grandpa to be well soon,and he could go back to school soon.11.A.wanted B.agreed C.planned D.refused12.A.think B.find C.dream D.remember13.A.places B.trips C.memories D.times14.A.magic B.plants C.danger D.regret15.A.go off B.stand upC.get upD.fall asleep16.A.worried B.happy C.lucky D.tired17.A.problem B.health C.accident D.day18.A.countryside B.city C.park D.forest19.A.finish B.call C.achieve D.start20.A.plan B.wish C.hobby D.idea三、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分）Nobody likes staying at home on vacation一when the weather is fine. Last August we decided to spend the day in the countryside.The problem was that hundreds of other people had the same idea.We moved out of the city slowly behind a long line of cars,but in the end we came to a quiet country road.After some time,we stopped at a farm near the town. We had carried enough food with us,so we got it out of the car and put it on the grass.Now everything was ready,so we sat down near a road at the foot of the hill.It was very quiet in the cool grass until we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill.What we saw made us pick up（捡起）our things and run back to the car.There were about two hundred sheep coming to us along the road.21.From the passage we know the writer likes on vacation.A.staying at homeB.spending a holiday in the open airC.watching sheepD.playing with friends22.They went there.A.by busB.by carC.by trainD.on foot23.Which of the following is not true?A.Few people wanted to spend the vacation in the countryside thatday.B.They spent their vacation in the countryside.C.They had much food to eat.D.They had their food on the grass.24.We can infer（推断）from the passage that.A.the weather was very fine that dayB.the traffic（交通）was not busyC.they found a noisy placeD.they didn't pick up their food and ran away25.What happened when the sheep were coming to them?A.They stayed there.B.They called for the farmers.C.They left the food there.D.They picked up their food and ran back to the car.四、词汇运用（每小题1分，共10分）A）根据句意及所给提示，填写恰当的单词26.There are some new（建筑物）in the big town.27.You can enjoy many（活动）such as swimming and tennis inthe club.28.These（商人）all come from the UK.29.Hello,everyone.Please introduce（你们自己）before yourspeeches.30.Frank,take off your（湿白勺）jacket so that you don't catch acold.B）用所给单词的适当形式填空31.Tony likes reading books about cars but he（like）readingbooks about animals.32.Yesterday we（wait）an hour for our friends at the station.33.Can you tell me the（different）between the two pictures?34.1have two tickets for the（excite）movie.It can make ushappy.35.It was an（enjoy）trip.五、任务型阅读（每小题3分，共15分）Nowadays bike-sharing has been very popular in China.Mobike（摩拜单车）is one of the market leaders in the bike-sharing business.What is Mobike?Mobike started in January,2015.People in many cities,such as Beijing,Guangzhou,Jinan and Shanghai,have a chance of using the app（应用软件）.The number of Mobike app users is larger than that of other bike-sharing app users.Who uses Mobike?According to a survey,53.23%of the Mobike users are men,while 46.77%are women.Mobike not only is popular with young people,but also wins the hearts of the old.It shows that retired（退休白勺）men traveled the longest distance（距离）on shared bikes.Why do people use Mobike?Chinese people use Mobike for different ers can rent（租彳昔）a bike at a low price,usually about one yuan an hour.It also offers people a better choice for short journeys in cities,especially when people can't find a bus or the underground to take.What's more,it's helpful in traffic.And the most important is that it can help improve the environment.阅读短文，完成下列各题36.When did Mobike start?37.True or False.（“T”代表正确，“F”代表错误）According to the passage,the Mobike app has the largest number of users among all the bike-sharing apps.（）38.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.39.Why do Chinese people use Mobike?（At least2reasons.）40.Give a proper title（题目）to the passage.六、书面表达（30分）以My Vacation to为题，写一篇短文描述自己的一个假期。
人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题全套(含答案)
人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题全套（含答案）（含期中期末试题，共8套）第十一章三角形得分________卷后分________评价________一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．下列图形为正多边形的是(D)2．下列各组数中，能构成一个三角形的边长的是(D)A．1，3，5 B．2，2，6C．6，8，14 D．a＋2，a＋3，a＋5(a＞0)3．如图，图中∠1的大小等于(D)A．40°B．50°C．60°D．70°第3题图第5题图第6题图第8题图第10题图4．若一个正多边形的内角和为720°，则这个正多边形的每一个内角是(D)A．60°B．90°C．108°D．120°5．如图，BD平分∠ABC，CD⊥BD，垂足为D，∠C＝55°，则∠ABC的度数是(D) A．35°B．55°C．60°D．70°6．如图，一把直尺的边缘AB经过一块三角板DCB的直角顶点B，交斜边CD于点A，直尺的边缘EF分别交CD，BD于点E，F，若∠D＝60°，∠ABC＝20°，则∠1的度数为(C)A．25°B．40°C．50°D．80°7．等腰三角形的一边长等于4，另一边长等于10，则它的周长是(B)A．18 B．24 C．18或24 D．148．如图，在△ABC中，∠CAB＝52°，∠ABC＝74°，AD⊥BC于点D，BE⊥AC 于点E，AD与BE交于点F，则∠AFB的度数是(A)A．126°B．120°C．116°D．110°9．上午9时，一艘船从A处出发以每小时20海里的速度向正北方向航行，11时到达B处．若在A处测得灯塔C在北偏西34°方向上，且∠ACB＝32∠BAC，则在B处测得灯塔C应在(C)A．北偏西68°方向上B．南偏西85°方向上C．北偏西85°方向上D．南偏西68°方向上10．已知△ABC的面积为1，延长AB至点D，使BD＝AB，延长BC至点E，使CE ＝2BC，延长CA至点F使AF＝3AC，则三角形DEF的面积为(D)A．9 B．15 C．17 D．18点拨：连接AE和CD，∵BD＝AB，∴S△ABC＝S△BCD＝1，S△ACD＝1＋1＝2，∵AF＝3AC，∴FC＝4AC，∴S△FCD＝4S△ACD＝4×2＝8，同理可以求得：S△ACE＝2S△ABC＝2，则S △FCE＝4S△ACE＝4×2＝8；S△DCE＝2S△BCD＝2×1＝2；∴S△DEF＝S△FCD＋S△FCE＋S△DCE＝8＋8＋2＝18.二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．空调安装在墙上时，一般都会像如图所示的方法固定在墙上，这种方法应用的数学知识是三角形的稳定性．第11题图第12题图第14题图12．如图，∠D＝30°，∠O＝50°，∠C＝35°，则∠AEC等于__65°__．13．如果将长度为3a，4a，14的三条线段首尾顺次相接可以得到一个三角形，则a的取值范围是__2＜a＜14__.14．(枣庄中考)用一条宽度相等的足够长的纸条打一个结(如图①所示)，然后轻轻拉紧、压平就可以得到如图②所示的正五边形ABCDE，那么图中的∠BAC＝36度．15．如图，在四边形ABCD中，AD⊥AB于点A，∠C＝110°，它的一个外角∠ADE ＝60°，则∠B的大小是__40°__．第15题图第16题图第17题图第18题图16．(江西中考)如图，在△ABC 中，点D 是BC 上的点，∠BAD ＝∠ABC ＝40°，将△ABD 沿着AD 翻折得到△AED ，则∠CDE ＝20°．17．如图，在△ABC 中，∠A ＝70°，∠B ＝50°，点D ，E 分别为AB ，AC 上的点，沿DE 折叠，使点A 落在BC 边上点F 处，若△EFC 为直角三角形，则∠BDF 的度数为__110°或50°__．18．如图，在△ABC 中，∠ABC 的平分线与△ABC 的外角∠ACN 的平分线交于点E ，EC 的延长线交△ABC 的另一外角∠MBC 的平分线于点D ，若∠D 比∠E 大10°，则∠A 的度数是__80°__．三、解答题(共66分)19．(6分)如图，在△ABC 中，AD ，AE 分别是边BC 上的中线和高，AE ＝3 cm ，S △ABC ＝12 cm 2.求BC 和DC 的长．解：∵AE ⊥BC ，S △ABC ＝12 cm 2，AE ＝3 cm ，∴S △ABC ＝12 BC·AE ，即12＝12 ×3BC ，∴BC ＝8 cm.又∵AD 为BC 边上的中线，∴DC ＝12 BC ＝4 cm20．(7分)如图，在△ABC 中，BE ⊥AC ，BC ＝5 cm ，AC ＝8 cm ，BE ＝3 cm.(1)求△ABC 的面积；(2)画出△ABC 中的BC 边上的高AD ，并求出AD 的值．解：(1)∵ BE ⊥AC ，∴ S △ABC ＝12 ×AC ×BE ＝12 ×8×3＝12(cm 2) (2)如图所示，线段AD 就是所求作的高，∵S △ABC ＝12 ×BC ×AD ＝12(cm 2)，∴12 ×5×AD ＝12，∴AD ＝245 (cm)21．(8分)根据条件求多边形的边数：(1)一个多边形每个内角都相等，且都等于135°，则这个多边形的边数为__8__；(2)一个多边形的内角和与某一个外角的度数总和为1 350°，求这个多边形的边数． 解：(2)设这个多边形的边数为n ，这个外角的度数为x °，则0<x <180.依题意，有(n －2)·180＋x ＝1 350.∴n ＝1 350－x 180 ＋2＝9＋90－x 180. ∵n 为正整数，∴90－x 必为180的倍数．又∵0<x <180，∴90－x ＝0，即x ＝90.∴n ＝9.故这个多边形的边数为922．(9分)如图，在△ABC 中(AB ＞BC )，AC ＝2BC ，BC 边上的中线AD 把△ABC 的周长分成60和40两部分，求AC 和AB 的长．解：∵AD 是BC 边上的中线，AC ＝2BC ，∴BD ＝CD ，设BD ＝CD ＝x ，AB ＝y ，则AC ＝4x.分为两种情况：①AC ＋CD ＝60，AB ＋BD ＝40，则4x ＋x ＝60，x ＋y ＝40，解得x ＝12，y ＝28，即AC ＝4x ＝48，AB ＝28；②AC ＋CD ＝40，AB ＋BD ＝60，则4x ＋x ＝40，x ＋y ＝60，解得x ＝8，y ＝52，即AC ＝4x ＝32，AB ＝52，BC ＝2x ＝16，此时不符合三角形三边关系定理．综上所述，AC ＝48，AB ＝2823．(10分)如图，在△ABC 中，∠A ＝∠ABC ，直线EF 分别交△ABC 的边AB ，AC 和CB 的延长线于点D ，E ，F .(1)求证：∠F ＋∠FEC ＝2∠A ；(2)过点B 作BM ∥AC 交FD 于点M ，试探究∠MBC 与∠F ＋∠FEC 的数量关系，并证明你的结论．解：(1)证明：∵∠A ＋∠ABC ＋∠C ＝180°，∠A ＝∠ABC ，∴∠C ＝180°－2∠A.∵∠F ＋∠FEC ＋∠C ＝180°，∴∠F ＋∠FEC ＝2∠A(2)∠MBC ＝∠F ＋∠FEC.证明：∵BM ∥AC ，∴∠FMB ＝∠FEC.又∵∠MBC ＝∠F ＋∠FMB ，∴∠MBC ＝∠F ＋∠FEC24.(12分)取一副三角尺按如图①拼接，固定三角尺ADC，将三角尺ABC绕点A按顺时针方向旋转得到△ABC′，如图②所示，设∠CAC′＝α(0°<α≤45°).(1)当α＝15°时，求证：AB∥CD；(2)连接BD，当0°＜α≤45°时，∠DBC′＋∠CAC′＋∠BDC的度数是否变化？若变化，求出变化范围；若不变，求出其度数．解：(1)证明：∵∠CAC′＝15°，∠BAC′＝45°，∴∠BAC＝∠BAC′－∠CAC′＝45°－15°＝30°.又∵∠ACD＝30°，∴∠BAC＝∠ACD.∴AB∥CD(2)∠DBC′＋∠CAC′＋∠BDC的度数不变．连接CC′，则∠DBC′＋∠BDC＝∠DCC′＋∠BC′C，∵∠CAC′＋∠AC′C＋∠ACC′＝180°，∴∠CAC′＋∠AC′B＋∠BC′C＋∠ACD＋∠DCC′＝180°.∵∠AC′B＝45°，∠ACD＝30°，∴∠DBC′＋∠CAC′＋∠BDC＝∠DCC′＋∠CAC′＋∠BC′C＝180°－45°－30°＝105°25．(14分)已知∠MON＝40°，OE平分∠MON，点A，B，C分别是射线OM，OE，ON上的动点(点A，B，C不与点O重合)，连接AC交射线OE于点D，设∠OAC＝x°.(1)如图①，若AB∥ON，则：①∠ABO的度数是__20°__；②当∠BAD＝∠ABD时，x＝__120__；当∠BAD＝∠BDA时，x＝__60__；(2)如图②，若AB⊥OM，是否存在这样的x值，使得△ADB中有两个相等的角？若存在，求出x的值；若不存在，说明理由．解：(2)①当点D在线段OB上时，若∠BAD＝∠ABD，则x＝20；若∠BAD＝∠BDA，则x＝35；若∠ADB＝∠ABD，则x＝50.②当点D在射线BE上时，∵∠ABE＝110°，且三角形的内角和为180°，∴只有∠BAD＝∠BDA＝35°，∴x＝125.综上可知，当x＝20，35，50或125时，△ADB中有两个相等的角第十二章全等三角形得分________卷后分________评价________一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．下列四个图形是全等图形的是(C)A．①和③B．②和③C．②和④D．③和④2．如图，已知△ABE≌△ACD，下列等式不正确的是(D)A．AB＝AC B．∠BAE＝∠CAD C．BE＝CD D．AD＝BE第2题图第3题图第4题图第5题图3．如图，AC是△ABC和△ADC的公共边，下列条件不能判定△ABC≌△ADC的是(A) A．AB＝AD，∠2＝∠1 B．AB＝AD，∠3＝∠4C．∠2＝∠1，∠3＝∠4 D．∠2＝∠1，∠B＝∠D4．如图，AD是△ABC中∠BAC的平分线，DE⊥AB于点E，S△ABC＝18，DE＝3，AB＝8，则AC的长是(B)A．3 B．4 C．6 D．55．如图，∠A＝∠D＝90°，AC＝DB，AC，DB相交于点O，∠ACB＝30°，则∠BCD 的度数为(C)A．40°B．50°C．60°D．75°6．如图，已知△ABC，用尺规作图如下：①以点B为圆心，AB的长为半径画弧，交BC于点P；②以点P为圆心，AP的长为半径画弧，交已画弧于点D；③连接BD，CD，则△ABC≌△DBC的依据是(D)A．SSS B．ASA C．AAS D．SAS第6题图第7题图第8题图第9题图7．如图，在四边形ABCD中，∠A＝90°，AD＝4，连接BD，BD⊥CD，∠ADB＝∠C.若P是BC边上一动点，则DP长的最小值为(C)A．2 B．3 C．4 D．58．如图，在△PAB中，∠A＝∠B，M，N，K分别是PA，PB，AB上的点，且AM＝BK，BN＝AK，若∠MKN＝42°，则∠P的度数为(C)A．44°B．66°C．96°D．92°9．如图，在四边形ABCD中，AB＝CD，BA和CD的延长线交于点E，若点P使得S ＝S△PCD，则满足此条件的点P(D)△PABA．有且只有1个B．有且只有2个C．组成∠E的角平分线D．组成∠E的角平分线所在的直线(E点除外)10．如图，在△ABC，△ADE中，∠BAC＝∠DAE＝90°，AB＝AC，AD＝AE，点C，D，E三点在同一条直线上，连接BD，BE.以下四个结论中：①BD＝CE；②∠ACE＋∠DBC ＝45°；③BD⊥CE；④∠BAE＋∠DAC＝180°.正确的个数是(D)A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个第10题图第11题图第12题图第13题图二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．如图，△ABC≌△BAD，若AB＝6，AC＝4，BC＝5，则△BAD的周长为__15__．12．(襄阳中考)如图，已知∠ABC＝∠DCB，添加下列条件中的一个：①∠A＝∠D，②AC＝DB，③AB＝DC，其中不能确定△ABC≌△DCB的是②(只填序号).13．如图，OP平分∠MON，PE⊥OM于点E，PF⊥ON于点F，OA＝OB，则图中共有__3__对全等三角形．14．如图为6个边长相等的正方形的组合图形，则∠1＋∠2＋∠3＝__135°__．第14题图第15题图第16题图第18题图15．如图，∠AOB ＝90°，OA ＝OB ，直线l 经过点O ，分别过A ，B 两点作AC ⊥l 交l 于点C ，BD ⊥l 交l 于点D .若AC ＝10，BD ＝6，则CD ＝4．16．如图，在△ABC 中，∠C ＝90°，AD 平分∠BAC 交BC 于点D .已知BD ∶CD ＝3∶2，点D 到AB 的距离是6，则BC 的长是__15__．17．在△ABC 中，AB ＝5，AC ＝3，AD 是△ABC 的中线，设AD 的长为m ，则m 的取值范围是__1＜m ＜4__.18．如图，点B 的坐标为(4，4)，作BA ⊥x 轴，BC ⊥y 轴，垂足分别为A ，C ，点D 为线段OA 的中点，点P 从点A 出发，在线段AB ，BC 上沿A →B →C 运动，当OP ＝CD 时，点P 的坐标为__(2，4)或(4，2)__．三、解答题(共66分)19．(6分)如图，△ABC ≌△ADE ，其中点B 与点D ，点C 与点E 对应．(1)写出对应边和对应角；(2)∠BAD 与∠CAE 相等吗？说明理由．解：(1)对应边：AB 与AD ，BC 与DE ，AC 与AE ；对应角：∠BAC 与∠DAE ，∠B 与∠D ，∠C 与∠E(2)∠BAD ＝∠CAE .理由如下：∵∠BAC ＝∠DAE ，∴∠BAC －∠CAD ＝∠DAE －∠CAD ，即∠BAD ＝∠CAE20．(7分)(陕西中考)如图，点A ，E ，F ，B 在直线l 上，AE ＝BF ，AC ∥BD ，且AC ＝BD ，求证：CF ＝DE .证明：∵AE ＝BF ，∴AE ＋EF ＝BF ＋EF ，即AF ＝BE ，∵AC ∥BD ，∴∠CAF ＝∠DBE ，在△ACF 和△BDE 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AC ＝BD ，∠CAF ＝∠DBE ，AF ＝BE ，∴△ACF ≌△BDE (SAS)，∴CF ＝DE21．(8分)王强同学用10块高度都是2 cm 的相同长方体小木块，垒了两堵与地面垂直的木墙，木墙之间刚好可以放进一个等腰直角三角板(AC ＝BC ，∠ACB ＝90°)，点C 在DE 上，点A 和点B 分别与木墙的顶端重合，求两堵木墙之间的距离．解：由题意得AC ＝BC ，∠ACB ＝90°，AD ⊥DE ，BE ⊥DE ，∴∠ADC ＝∠CEB ＝90°，∠ACD ＋∠BCE ＝90°，∠ACD ＋∠DAC ＝90°，∴∠BCE ＝∠DAC .在△ADC 和△CEB中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠ADC ＝∠CEB ，∠DAC ＝∠BCE ，AC ＝BC ，∴△ADC ≌△CEB (AAS)，∴EC ＝AD ＝6 cm ，DC ＝BE ＝14 cm ，∴DE ＝DC ＋CE ＝20(cm)，答：两堵木墙之间的距离为20 cm22．(9分)在数学实践课上，老师在黑板上画出如图的图形(其中点B ，F ，C ，E 在同一条直线上).并写出四个条件：①AB ＝DE ，②∠1＝∠2，③BF ＝EC ，④∠B ＝∠E .交流中老师让同学们从这四个条件中选出三个作为题设，另一个作为结论，组成一个真命题．(1)请你写出所有的真命题；(2)选一个给予证明．你选择的题设：__①③④__；结论：__②(答案不唯一)__．(均填写序号)解：(1)情况一：题设：①②④；结论：③；情况二：题设①③④；结论：②；情况三：题设②③④；结论：① (2)选择的题设：①③④，结论：②(答案不唯一).理由：∵BF ＝EC ，∴BF ＋CF ＝EC ＋CF ，即BC ＝EF .在△ABC 和△DEF 中，⎩⎨⎧AB ＝DE ，∠B ＝∠E ，BC ＝EF ，∴△ABC ≌△DEF(SAS)，∴∠1＝∠223．(10分)如图，在△ABC 中，BE ，CF 分别是AC ，AB 两边上的高，在BE 上截取BD ＝AC ，在CF 的延长线上截取CG ＝AB ，连接AD ，AG .(1)图中有一组三角形全等，试将其找出来并证明；(2)连接DG ，猜想△ADG 的形状，并说明理由．解：(1)△ABD ≌△GCA ，证明：∵BE ，CF 分别是AC ，AB 两边上的高，∴∠AFC ＝∠BFC ＝∠BEC ＝∠BEA ＝90°，∴∠BAC ＋∠ACF ＝90°，∠BAC ＋∠ABE ＝90°，∠CGA ＋∠GAF ＝90°，∴∠ABE ＝∠ACF .在△ABD 和△GCA 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧BD ＝AC ，∠ABE ＝∠ACF ，AB ＝CG ，∴△ABD ≌△GCA (SAS)(2)△ADG 是等腰直角三角形，理由如下：∵△ABD ≌△GCA ，∴AD ＝AG ，∠BAD ＝∠CGA .又∵∠CGA ＋∠GAF ＝90°，∴∠BAD ＋∠GAF ＝90°，即∠GAD ＝90°，∴△ADG 是等腰直角三角形24．(12分)如图，在△ABC 中，AD 平分∠BAC ，∠C ＝90°，DE ⊥AB 于点E ，点F 在AC 上，BD ＝DF .(1)求证：CF ＝EB ；(2)若AB ＝12，AF ＝8，求CF 的长．解：(1)证明：∵AD 平分∠BAC ，∠C ＝90°，DE ⊥AB 于点E ，∴DE ＝DC .在Rt △CDF 与Rt △EDB 中，∵⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧DF ＝DB ，DC ＝DE ， ∴Rt △CDF ≌Rt △EDB (HL)，∴CF ＝EB (2)设CF ＝x ，则AE ＝12－x ，AC ＝AF ＋CF ＝8＋x .在Rt △ACD 与Rt △AED 中，∵⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AD ＝AD ，CD ＝DE ，∴Rt △ACD ≌Rt △AED (HL)，∴AC ＝AE ，即8＋x ＝12－x ，解得x ＝2，即CF ＝225．(14分)如图①，AM ∥BN ，AE 平分∠BAM ，BE 平分∠ABN .(1)求∠AEB 的度数；(2)如图②，过点E 的直线交射线AM 于点C ，交射线BN 于点D .求证：AC ＋BD ＝AB ；(3)如图③，过点E 的直线交射线AM 的反向延长线于点C ，交射线BN 于点D ，AB ＝5，AC ＝3，S △ABE －S △ACE ＝2，求△BDE 的面积．解：(1)∵AM ∥BN ，∴∠BAM ＋∠ABN ＝180°.∵AE 平分∠BAM ，BE 平分∠ABN ，∴∠BAE ＝12 ∠BAM ，∠ABE ＝12 ∠ABN.∴∠BAE ＋∠ABE ＝12 (∠BAM ＋∠ABN)＝90°.∴∠AEB ＝90°(2)证明：如图甲，在线段AB 上截取AF ＝AC ，连接EF .在△ACE 与△AFE 中，⎩⎨⎧AC ＝AF ，∠CAE ＝∠FAE ，AE ＝AE ， ∴△ACE ≌△AFE(SAS).∴∠AEC ＝∠AEF .∵∠AEB ＝90°，∴∠AEF ＋∠BEF ＝∠AEC ＋∠BED ＝90°，∴∠FEB ＝∠DEB.在△BFE 与△BDE 中，⎩⎨⎧∠FBE ＝∠DBE ，BE ＝BE ，∠FEB ＝∠DEB ，∴△BFE ≌△BDE(ASA)，∴BF ＝BD.∵AF ＋BF ＝AB ，∴AC ＋BD ＝AB(3)如图乙，延长AE 交射线BN 于点F .∵∠AEB ＝90°，∴BE ⊥AF .∵BE 平分∠ABN ，∴∠ABE ＝∠FBE.又∵∠AEB ＝∠FEB ＝90°，BE ＝BE ，∴△ABE ≌△FBE(ASA)，∴BF＝AB ＝5，AE ＝EF .∵AM ∥BN.∴∠C ＝∠EDF .在△ACE 与△FDE 中，⎩⎨⎧∠C ＝∠EDF ，∠AEC ＝∠FED ，AE ＝EF ，∴△ACE ≌△FDE(AAS)，∴DF ＝AC ＝3.设S △BEF ＝S △ABE ＝5x ，S △DEF ＝S △ACE ＝3x.∵S △ABE －S △ACE ＝2，∴5x －3x ＝2，∴x ＝1.∴△BDE 的面积为8第十三章 轴对称得分________ 卷后分________ 评价________一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．(北京中考)下列倡导节约的图案中，是轴对称图形的是(C )2．下列图形对称轴条数最多的是(A )A ．正方形B ．等边三角形C ．等腰三角形D ．线段3．若点P (a ，1)关于y 轴的对称点为Q (2，b )，则a ＋b 的值是(A )A ．－1B ．0C ．1D ．24．如图，AC ＝BC ，AC ⊥BC ，CD ⊥AB ，DE ⊥BC ，则图中共有等腰三角形的个数为(D )A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．5第4题图 第5题图 第6题图5．如图，在△ABC 中，D 点在BC 上，将D 点分别以AB ，AC 为对称轴，画出对称点E ，F ，并连接AE ，AF .根据图中标示的角度，则∠EAF 的度数为(D )A ．113°B ．124°C ．129°D ．134°6．如图，在已知的△ABC 中，按以下步骤作图：①分别以B ，C 为圆心，以大于12BC 的长为半径作弧，两弧相交于两点M ，N ；②作直线MN 交AB 于点D ，连接CD .若CD ＝AC ，∠A ＝50°，则∠ACB 的度数为(D )A ．90°B ．95°C ．100°D ．105°7．如图，在△ABC 中，BD 平分∠ABC ，ED ∥BC ，已知AB ＝3，AD ＝1，则△AED 的周长为(C )A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．5第7题图 第8题图 第9题图8．如图，直线l 1，l 2相交于点A ，点B 是直线外一点，在直线l 1，l 2上找一点C ，使△ABC 为一个等腰三角形，则满足条件的点C 有(D )A ．2个B ．4个C ．6个D ．8个9．如图，等边三角形ABC 的边长为4，AD 是BC 边上的中线，P 是AD 边上的动点，E 是AC 边上一点．若AE ＝2，当EP ＋CP 的值最小时，∠ECP 的度数为(C )A ．15°B ．22.5°C ．30°D ．45°10．已知点P (－2，3)，作点P 关于x 轴的对称点P 1，再作点P 1关于y 轴的对称点P 2，接着作P 2关于x 轴的对称点P 3，继续作点P 3关于y 轴的对称点P 4，按此方法一直作下去，则P 2 021的坐标为(B )A ．(2，－3)B ．(－2，－3)C ．(－2，3)D ．(2，3)二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．如图，AB ∥CE ，BF 交CE 于点D ，DE ＝DF ，∠F ＝20°，则∠B 的度数为__40°__．第11题图 第12题图 第13题图第14题图12．如图，将一个有45°角的三角板的直角顶点放在一张宽为3 cm的纸带边沿上，另一个顶点在纸带的另一边沿上，测得三角板的一边与纸带的一边所在的直线成30°角，则三角板的直角边的长为6cm.13．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，△ABC关于直线m(直线m上各点的横坐标都为1)对称，点C的坐标为(4，1)，则点B的坐标为(－2，1)．14．如图是一个风筝的图案，它是轴对称图形，EF是对称轴．若∠A＝90°，∠AED ＝130°，∠C＝45°，则∠BFC的度数为__140°__．15．如图，在△ABC中，DE是AC的垂直平分线，△ABC的周长为19 cm，△ABD 的周长为13 cm，则AE的长为__3__cm.第15题图第16题图第18题图16．如图，已知在等边三角形ABC中，点D，E分别在边AB，BC上，把△BDE沿直线DE翻折，使点B落在点B′处，DB′，EB′分别交边AC于点F，G.若∠ADF＝80°，则∠EGC的度数为80°．17．在△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠BAC＝100°，点D在BC边上，连接AD，若△ABD 为直角三角形，则∠ADC的度数为__130°或90°__．18．如图，C为线段AE上一动点(不与A，E重合)，在AE同侧分别作等边△ABC和等边△CDE，AD与BE交于点O，AD与BC交于点P，BE与CD交于点Q，连接PQ，以下五个结论：①AD＝BE；②PQ∥AE；③CP＝CQ；④BO＝OE；⑤∠AOB＝60°，恒成立的结论有__①②③⑤__．三、解答题(共66分)19．(6分)如图所示．(1)写出A，B，C三点的坐标；(2)若△ABC各顶点的横坐标不变，纵坐标都乘－1，请你在同一坐标系中描出对应的点A′，B′，C′，并依次连接这三个点，所得的△A′B′C′与原来的△ABC有怎样的位置关系？解：(1)A，B，C三点的坐标分别是(3，4)，(1，2)，(5，1)(2)画图略，△A′B′C′与原来的△ABC的位置关系是关于x轴对称20.(6分)如图，在△ABC中，∠B＝∠C，AD是底边BC上的高，DE∥AB交AC于点E.试说明△ADE是等腰三角形．解：∵在△ABC中，∠B＝∠C，∴AB＝AC，∴△ABC是等腰三角形．∵AD⊥BC，∴∠BAD＝∠DAC.∵DE∥AB，∴∠ADE＝∠BAD，∴∠ADE＝∠DAC，∴AE＝ED，∴△ADE是等腰三角形21．(8分)如图，一艘轮船以每小时40海里的速度沿正北方向航行，在A处测得灯塔C 在北偏西30°方向上，轮船航行2小时后到达B处，在B处测得灯塔C在北偏西60°方向上．请问当轮船到达灯塔C的正东方向D处时，又航行了多少海里？解：∵CD⊥DB，∠CBD＝60°，∴∠DCB＝30°，∴DB＝12BC，∴BC＝2DB.又∵∠BCA＝60°－30°＝30°，∴BC＝BA，∴BC＝2×40＝80(海里)，∴DB＝40海里．答：当轮船到达灯塔C的正东方向D处时，又航行了40海里22．(9分)如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，CD⊥AB于点D，∠BAC的平分线AF交CD于点E，交BC于点F，CM⊥AF于点M，CM的延长线交AB于点N.(1)求证：EM＝FM；(2)求证：AC＝AN.证明：(1)∵∠ACB＝90°，CD⊥AB，∴∠ADC＝90°，∴∠AED＋∠DAE＝90°，∠CFE＋∠CAE＝90°.又∵∠BAC的平分线AF交CD于点E，∴∠DAE＝∠CAE，∴∠AED＝∠CFE.又∵∠AED＝∠CEF，∴∠CEF＝∠CFE.∴△CEF为等腰三角形．又∵CM⊥AF，∴EM＝FM(2)∵CN⊥AF，∴∠AMC＝∠AMN＝90°，在△AMC和△AMN中，⎩⎨⎧∠AMC ＝∠AMN ，AM ＝AM ，∠CAM ＝∠NAM ，∴△AMC ≌△AMN(ASA)，∴AC ＝AN23．(10分)如图，在△ABC 中，DM ，EN 分别垂直平分AC 和BC ，交AB 于M ，N 两点，DM 与EN 相交于点F .(1)若△CMN 的周长为15 cm ，求AB 的长；(2)若∠MFN ＝70°，求∠MCN 的度数．解：(1)∵DM ，EN 分别垂直平分AC 和BC ，∴AM ＝CM ，BN ＝CN.∴△CMN 的周长＝CM ＋MN ＋CN ＝AM ＋MN ＋BN ＝AB.∵△CMN 的周长为15 cm ，∴AB ＝15 cm (2)∵∠MFN ＝70°，∴∠MNF ＋∠NMF ＝180°－70°＝110°.∵∠AMD ＝∠NMF ，∠BNE ＝∠MNF ，∴∠BNE ＋∠AMD ＝∠MNF ＋∠NMF ＝110°，∴∠A ＋∠B ＝90°－∠AMD ＋90°－∠BNE ＝180°－110°＝70°.∵AM ＝CM ，BN ＝CN ，∴∠A ＝∠ACM ，∠B ＝∠BCN ，∴∠MCN ＝180°－2(∠A ＋∠B)＝180°－2×70°＝40°24．(12分)(安顺中考)(1)如图①，在四边形ABCD 中，AB ∥CD ，点E 是BC 的中点，若AE 是∠BAD 的平分线，试判断AB ，AD ，DC 之间的等量关系．解决此问题可以用如下方法：延长AE 交DC 的延长线于点F ，易证△AEB ≌△FEC 得到AB ＝FC ，从而把AB ，AD ，DC 转化在一个三角形中即可判断． 因此，AB ，AD ，DC 之间的等量关系是AD ＝AB ＋DC ；(2)问题探究：如图②，在四边形ABCD 中，AB ∥CD ，AF 与DC 的延长线交于点F ，点E 是BC 的中点，若AE 是∠BAF 的平分线，试探究AB ，AF ，CF 之间的等量关系，并证明你的结论．解：(1)AD ＝AB ＋DC .理由如下：∵AB ∥CD ，∴∠F ＝∠BAE .∵∠DAE ＝∠BAE ，∴∠DAF ＝∠F ，∴AD ＝DF ，∵CE ＝BE ，且∠F ＝∠BAE ，∠AEB ＝∠CEF ，∴△CEF ≌△BEA (AAS)，∴AB ＝CF ，∴AD ＝DC ＋CF ＝AB ＋DC(2)AB ＝AF ＋CF .理由如下：如图，延长AE 交DF 的延长线于点G ，∵AB ∥DC ，∴∠BAE ＝∠G ，又∵BE ＝CE ，∠AEB ＝∠GEC ，∴△AEB ≌△GEC (AAS)，∴AB ＝GC .∵AE 是∠BAF 的平分线，∴∠BAG ＝∠FAG ，∵∠BAG ＝∠G ，∴∠FAG ＝∠G ，∴FA ＝FG .∵CG ＝CF ＋FG ，∴AB ＝AF ＋CF25．(15分)如图所示，已知△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝BC ＝10厘米，M ，N 分别从点A ，B 同时出发，沿三角形的边顺时针运动，已知点M 的速度是1厘米/秒，点N 的速度是2厘米/秒，当点N 第一次到达B 点时，M ，N 同时停止运动．(1)M ，N 同时运动几秒后，M ，N 两点重合？(2)M ，N 同时运动几秒后，可得等边三角形AMN?(3)M ，N 在BC 边上运动时，能否得到以MN 为底边的等腰三角形AMN ，如果存在，请求出此时M ，N 运动的时间？解：(1)设点M ，N 运动x 秒后，M ，N 两点重合，x ＋10＝2x ，解得x ＝10，∴M ，N 同时运动10秒后，M ，N 两点重合(2)设点M ，N 运动t 秒后，可得到等边三角形AMN ，如图①，AM ＝t ×1＝t ，AN ＝AB －BN ＝10－2t.∵△AMN 是等边三角形，∴t ＝10－2t ，解得t ＝103 .∴点M ，N 运动103 秒后，可得到等边三角形AMN(3)当点M ，N 在BC 边上运动时，可以得到以MN 为底边的等腰三角形，由(1)知，10秒时M ，N 两点重合，恰好在C 处．如图②，假设△AMN 是等腰三角形，∴AN ＝AM ，∴∠AMN ＝∠ANM.∴∠AMC ＝∠ANB.∵AB ＝BC ＝AC ，∴△ACB 是等边三角形，∴∠C ＝∠B.在△ACM 和△ABN 中，∵⎩⎨⎧∠C ＝∠B ，∠AMC ＝∠ANB ，AC ＝AB ，∴△ACM ≌△ABN(AAS).∴CM ＝BN ，设当点M ，N 在BC 边上运动时，M ，N 运动的时间y 秒时，△AMN 是等腰三角形，∴CM ＝y －10，NB ＝30－2y ，CM ＝NB ，y －10＝30－2y ，解得y ＝403 .故假设成立．∴当点M ，N 在BC 边上运动时，能得到以MN 为底边的等腰△AMN ，此时M ，N 运动的时间为403秒期中检测得分________ 卷后分________ 评价________一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．(毕节中考)在下列长度的三条线段中，不能组成三角形的是(C )A ．2 cm ，3 cm ，4 cmB ．3 cm ，6 cm ，6 cmC ．2 cm ，2 cm ，6 cmD ．5 cm ，6 cm ，7 cm2．如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ，∠B ＝50°，P 是边AB 上的一个动点(不与顶点A 重合)，则∠BPC 的值可能是(B )A ．135°B ．85°C ．50°D ．40° 第2题图 第3题图 第5题图第6题图3．如图，OP 是∠AOB 的平分线，点C ，D 分别在角的两边OA ，OB 上，添加下列条件，不能判定△POC ≌△POD 的是(D )A ．PC ⊥OA ，PD ⊥OB B ．OC ＝OD C ．∠OPC ＝∠OPD D ．PC ＝PD4．(贵港中考)若点A (1＋m ，1－n )与点B (－3，2)关于y 轴对称，则m ＋n 的值是(D )A ．－5B ．－3C ．3D ．15．将五边形纸片ABCDE 按如图方式折叠，折痕为AF ，点E ，D 分别落在E ′，D ′点．已知∠AFC ＝76°，则∠CFD ′等于(C )A ．15°B ．25°C ．28°D ．31°6．如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ，BD ⊥AC 于点D ，CE ⊥AB 于点E ，BD 和CE 交于点O ，AO 的延长线交BC 于点F ，则图中全等的直角三角形有(D )A ．4对B ．5对C ．6对D ．7对7．如图，在△ABC 中，AD ⊥BC ，CE ⊥AB ，垂足分别为D ，E ，AD ，CE 交于点H ，已知EH ＝EB ＝3，AE ＝4，则CH 的长是(A )A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4第7题图 第8题图 第10题图8．如图，在△ABC 中，BD 平分∠ABC ，BC 的垂直平分线交BC 于点E ，交BD 于点F ，连接CF .若∠A ＝60°，∠ACF ＝48°，则∠ABC 的度数为(A )A ．48°B ．36°C ．30°D ．24°9．在△ABC 中，高AD 和BE 所在的直线交于点H ，且BH ＝AC ，则∠ABC 等于(C )A ．45°B ．120°C ．45°或135°D ．45°或120°10．如图，在等腰直角△ABC 中，∠BAC ＝90°，AD ⊥BC 于点D ，∠ABC 的平分线分别交AC ，AD 于E ，F 两点， M 为EF 的中点，延长AM 交BC 于点N ，连接DM ，NE .下列结论：①AE ＝AF ；②AM ⊥EF ；③△AEF 是等边三角形，④DF ＝DN ，⑤AD ∥NE .其中正确的结论有(D )A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．(资阳中考)如图，AC 是正五边形ABCDE 的一条对角线，则∠ACB ＝__36°__．第11题图 第12题图 第14题图12．如图，BC ⊥ED ，垂足为M ，∠A ＝35°，∠D ＝25°，则∠ABC ＝__30°__．13．我们规定：等腰三角形的顶角与一个底角度数的比值叫做等腰三角形的“特征值”，记作K .若K ＝12，则该等腰三角形的顶角度数为__36°__． 14．(镇江中考)如图，直线a ∥b ，△ABC 的顶点C 在直线b 上，边AB 与直线b 相交于点D .若△BCD 是等边三角形，∠A ＝20°，则∠1＝40°.15．(永州中考)已知∠AOB ＝60°，OC 是∠AOB 的平分线，点D 为OC 上一点，过点D 作直线DE ⊥OA ，垂足为E ，且直线DE 交OB 于点F ，如图所示．若DE ＝2，则DF ＝4．第15题图 第16题图 第17题图 第18题图16．如图，在△ABC 中，点D 为BC 边的中点，点E 为AC 上一点，将∠C 沿DE 翻折，使点C 落在AB 上的点F 处，若∠AEF ＝50°，则∠A 的度数为__65°__．17．如图，AD 是△ABC 的角平分线，DE ⊥AB 于点E ，若AB ＝18，AC ＝12，△ABC的面积等于36，则DE ＝__125 __． 18．如图，在△ABC 中，∠BAC 的平分线交BC 于点D ，过点D 作DE ⊥AC ，DF ⊥AB ，垂足分别为E ，F ，下面四个结论：①∠AFE ＝∠AEF ；②AD 垂直平分EF ；③S △BFD S △CED＝BF CE；④EF 一定平行于BC .其中正确的有①②③(填序号). 三、解答题(共66分)19．(6分)(宜昌中考)如图，在Rt △ABC 中，∠ACB ＝90°，∠A ＝40°，△ABC 的外角∠CBD 的平分线BE 交AC 的延长线于点E .(1)求∠CBE 的度数；(2)过点D 作DF ∥BE ，交AC 的延长线于点F ，求∠F 的度数．解：(1)∵∠ACB ＝90°，∠A ＝40°，∴∠ABC ＝90°－∠A ＝50°，∴∠CBD ＝130°.∵BE 是∠CBD 的平分线，∴∠CBE ＝12∠CBD ＝65° (2)∵∠ACB ＝90°，∠CBE ＝65°，∴∠CEB ＝90°－65°＝25°.∵DF ∥BE ，∴∠F ＝∠CEB ＝25°20．(6分)在如图所示的平面直角坐标系中，每个小方格都是边长为1的正方形，△ABC 的顶点均在格点上，点A 的坐标是(－3，－1).(1)将△ABC 沿y 轴正方向平移3个单位长度得到△A 1B 1C 1，画出△A 1B 1C 1，并写出点B 1的坐标；(2)画出△A 1B 1C 1关于y 轴对称的△A 2B 2C 2，并写出点C 2的坐标．解：(1)点B 1的坐标为(－2，－1)，图略(2)点C 2的坐标为(1，1)，图略21．(8分)(温州中考)如图，在△ABC 中，AD 是BC 边上的中线，E 是AB 边上一点，过点C 作CF ∥AB 交ED 的延长线于点F .(1)求证：△BDE ≌△CDF ；(2)当AD ⊥BC ，AE ＝1，CF ＝2时，求AC 的长．解：(1)证明：∵CF ∥AB ，∴∠B ＝∠FCD ，∠BED ＝∠F ， ∵AD 是BC 边上的中线，∴BD ＝CD ，∴△BDE ≌△CDF (AAS) (2)∵△BDE ≌△CDF ，∴BE ＝CF ＝2，∴AB ＝AE ＋BE ＝1＋2＝3， ∵AD ⊥BC ，BD ＝CD ，∴AC ＝AB ＝322．(10分)如图，在△ABC 中，∠ACB ＝90°，CE ⊥AB 于点E ，AD ＝AC ，AF 平分∠CAB 交CE 于点F ，DF 的延长线交AC 于点G .求证：(1)DF ∥BC ；(2)FG ＝FE .证明：(1)∵AF 平分∠CAB ， ∴∠CAF ＝∠DAF .在△ACF 和△ADF 中，∵⎩⎨⎧AC ＝AD ，∠CAF ＝∠DAF ，AF ＝AF ，∴△ACF ≌△ADF(SAS).∴∠ACF ＝∠ADF .∵∠ACB ＝90°，CE ⊥AB ，∴∠ACE ＋∠CAE ＝90°，∠CAE ＋∠B ＝90°. ∴∠ACF ＝∠B ，∴∠ADF ＝∠B.∴DF ∥BC (2)∵DF ∥BC ，BC ⊥AC ，∴FG ⊥AC.∵FE ⊥AB ，又AF 平分∠CAB ，∴FG ＝FE23．(10分)如图，在四边形ABCD 中，AD ∥BC ，点E 是AB 的中点，连接DE 并延长，交CB 的延长线于点F ，点G 在边BC 上，且∠GDF ＝∠ADF .(1)求证：△ADE ≌△BFE ；(2)连接EG ，判断EG 与DF 的位置关系并说明理由．解：(1)证明：∵AD ∥BC ，∴∠ADE ＝∠BFE.∵点E 为AB 的中点，∴AE ＝BE.在△ADE和△BFE 中，⎩⎨⎧∠ADE ＝∠BFE ，∠AED ＝∠BEF ，AE ＝BE ，∴△ADE ≌△BFE(AAS)(2)EG 与DF 的位置关系是EG 垂直平分DF .理由：∵∠GDF ＝∠ADE ，∠ADE ＝∠BFE ，∴∠GDF ＝∠BFE.∴FG ＝DG .∴△FGD 为等腰三角形．由(1)中△ADE ≌△BFE 得DE ＝FE ，即GE 为DF 上的中线，∴GE 垂直平分DF24．(12分)如图，点O 是等边△ABC 内一点，∠AOB ＝100°，∠BOC ＝α.以OC 为一边作等边三角形OCD ，连接AD .(1)当α＝150°时，试判断△AOD 的形状，并说明理由； (2)探究：当α为多少度时，△AOD 是等腰三角形？解：(1)∵△OCD 是等边三角形，∴OC ＝CD .∵△ABC 是等边三角形，∴BC ＝AC .∵∠ACB ＝∠OCD ＝60°，∴∠BCO ＝∠ACD ，在△BOC 与△ADC 中，∵⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧OC ＝CD ，∠BCO ＝∠ACD ，BC ＝AC ，∴△BOC ≌△ADC ，∴∠BOC ＝∠ADC ，而∠BOC ＝α＝150°，∠ODC ＝60°，∴∠ADO ＝150°－60°＝90°，∴△ADO 是直角三角形(2)∠AOD ＝360°－∠AOB －∠α－∠COD ＝360°－100°－∠α－60°＝200°－∠α，∠ADO ＝∠ADC －∠CDO ＝∠α－60°，∠OAD ＝180°－∠ADO －∠AOD ＝180°－(∠α－60°)－(200°－∠α)＝40°. 若∠ADO ＝∠AOD ，即∠α－60°＝200°－∠α，解得∠α＝130°； 若∠ADO ＝∠OAD ，则∠α－60°＝40°，解得∠α＝100°； 若∠OAD ＝∠AOD ，即40°＝200°－∠α，解得∠α＝160°. 即当α为130°或100°或160°时，△AOD 是等腰三角形25．(14分)已知在等边三角形ABC 中，点E 在AB 上，点D 在CB 的延长线上，且ED ＝EC .(1)【特殊情况，探索结论】 如图①，当点E 为AB 的中点时，确定线段AE 与DB 的大小关系，请你直接写出结论：AE __＝__DB (填“＞”“＜”或“＝”)；(2)【特例启发，解答题目】如图②，当点E 为AB 边上任意一点时，确定线段AE 与DB 的大小关系，请你直接写出结论：AE __＝__DB (填“＞”“＜”或“＝”)，并给出证明；(3)【拓展结论，设计新题】 在等边三角形ABC 中，点E 在直线AB 上，点D 在线段CB 的延长线上，且ED ＝EC ，若△ABC 的边长为1，AE ＝2，求CD 的长．解：(2)AE ＝DB .证明：过点E 作EF ∥BC ，交AC 于点F ，∵△ABC 为等边三角形，∴△AEF 为等边三角形，∴AE ＝EF ，BE ＝CF . ∵ED ＝EC ，∴∠D ＝∠ECD .∵∠DEB ＝60°－∠D ，∠ECF ＝60°－∠ECD ，∴∠DEB ＝∠ECF ，在△DBE 和△EFC 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧DE ＝CE ，∠DEB ＝∠ECF ，BE ＝FC ， ∴△DBE ≌△EFC (SAS)，∴DB ＝EF ，∴AE ＝DB(3)如图所示，点E 在AB 延长线上时，过点E 作EF ∥BC ，交AC 的延长线于点F ，同(2)仍可证得△DBE ≌△EFC ，∴DB ＝EF ＝2，BC ＝1，则CD ＝BC ＋DB ＝3第十四章 整式的乘法与因式分解得分________ 卷后分________ 评价________一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分) 1．(盐城中考)计算(－x 2y )2的结果是(A )A ．x 4y 2B ．－x 4y 2C ．x 2y 2D ．－x 2y 2 2．(葫芦岛中考)下列运算正确的是(D ) A ．x 2·x 2＝x 6 B ．x 4＋x 4＝2x 8C ．－2(x 3)2＝4x 6D ．xy 4÷(－xy )＝－y 3 3．(泰安中考)计算(－2)0＋9÷(－3)的结果是(B ) A ．－1 B ．－2 C ．－3 D ．－44．多项式mx 2－m 与多项式x 2－2x ＋1的公因式是(A ) A ．x －1 B ．x ＋1 C ．x 2－1 D ．(x －1)25．如图，阴影部分是边长为a 的大正方形中剪去一个边长为b 的小正方形后所得到的图形，将阴影部分通过割、拼形成新的图形，嘉嘉(图①)和琪琪(图②)分别给出了各自的割拼方法，其中能够验证平方差公式的是(C )A.嘉嘉 B ．琪琪 C ．都能 D ．都不能6．若a ＞0且a x ＝2，a y ＝3，则a x －2y 的值为(D ) A ．13 B ．－13 C ．23 D ．297．已知(x －2 019)2＋(x －2 021)2＝34，则(x －2 020)2的值是(D ) A ．4 B ．8 C ．12 D ．168．已知2a －b ＝3，那么12a 2－8ab ＋b 2－12a ＋3的值为(B ) A ．9 B ．12 C ．15 D ．189．分解因式x 2＋ax ＋b ，甲看错了a 的值，分解的结果是(x ＋6)(x －1)，乙看错了b 的值，分解的结果是(x －2)(x ＋1)，那么x 2＋ax ＋b 分解因式的正确结果为(B )A ．(x －2)(x ＋3)B ．(x ＋2)(x －3)C ．(x －2)(x －3)D ．(x ＋2)(x ＋3)10．图①是一个长为2a ，宽为2b (a >b )的长方形，用剪刀沿图中虚线(对称轴)剪开，把它分成四块形状和大小都一样的小长方形，然后按图②所示方式拼成一个正方形，则中间空的部分的面积是(C )A.abB ．(a ＋b )2C ．(a －b )2D ．a 2－b 2二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分) 11．计算(－2x 3y 2)3·4xy 2＝－32x 10y 8．12．一个长方形的面积是xy 2－x 2y ，且长为xy ，则这个长方形的宽为y －x ． 13．(东营中考)因式分解：x (x －3)－x ＋3＝(x －1)(x －3)．14．多项式x 2＋mx ＋5分解因式是(x ＋5)(x ＋n )，则m ＝6，n ＝1．15．如图， 在正方形ABCD 和EFGC 中，左、右两个正方形的边长分别为a ，b ，用代数式表示阴影部分三角形AEG 的面积为12b 2．第15题图第17题图 第18题图16．观察下列等式：12－02＝1，22－12＝3，32－22＝5，42－32＝7，……用含n(n≥1且n为正整数)的等式表示这种规律为__n2－(n－1)2＝2n－1__．17．如图，长方形ABCD的周长为8，分别以长方形的一条长和一条宽向外作两个正方形，且这两个正方形的面积和为10，则长方形ABCD的面积是3．18．如图所示是一块正方形铁皮，边长为a，如果一边截去6，另一边截去5，则下面式子中正确地表示所剩长方形(阴影部分)铁皮的面积的有①③④．(填序号)①(a－5)(a－6)；②a2－5a＋6(a－5)；③a2－6a－5(a－6)；④a2－11a＋30.三、解答题(共66分)19．(8分)计算：(1)(－3a2bc)2·(－2ab2)3；解：原式＝9a4b2c2·(－8a3b6)＝－72a7b8c2(2)(无锡中考)(a－b)2－a(a－2b).解：原式＝a2－2ab＋b2－a2＋2ab＝b220．(12分)分解因式：（1）2x2y－8xy＋8y；(2)(2x＋y)2－(x＋2y)2；解：原式＝2y（x－2）2解：原式＝3(x＋y)(x－y)(3)(y2－1)2＋6(1－y2)＋9.解：原式＝(y＋2)2(y－2)221．(8分)化简求值：(1)(宜昌中考)x(x＋1)＋(2＋x)(2－x)，其中x＝6－4；解：原式＝x2＋x＋4－x2＝x＋4，当x＝ 6 －4时，原式＝ 6 －4＋4＝ 6(2)(2m＋1)(2m－1)－(m－1)2＋(2m)3÷(－8m)，其中m(m＋1)＝2.解：原式＝4m2－1－(m2－2m＋1)＋8m3÷(－8m)＝4m2－1－m2＋2m－1－m2＝2m2＋2m－2＝2(m 2＋m －1)， ∵m(m ＋1)＝2， ∴m 2＋m ＝2，则原式＝2×(2－1)＝222．(8分)已知a ，b ，c 是△ABC 的三边长，满足a 2＋b 2＝12a ＋8b －52，且△ABC 是等腰三角形，求c 的值．解：∵a 2＋b 2＝12a ＋8b －52，∴a 2＋b 2－12a －8b ＋52＝0， ∴(a 2－12a ＋36)＋(b 2－8b ＋16)＝0，∴(a －6)2＋(b －4)2＝0，∴a ＝6，b ＝4.∵△ABC 是等腰三角形，∴c ＝4或c ＝6，且符合三角形的三边关系23．(8分)如图是某环保工程所需要的一种圆柱形空心混凝土管道，它的内径长为d ，外径长为D ，长为l .设它的实体部分体积为V 立方米．(1)用含D ，d 的式子表示V ；(2)当它的内径d ＝45 cm ，外径D ＝75 cm ，长l ＝3 m 时，利用分解因式的知识求浇制一节这样的管道大约需要多少立方米的混凝土？(其中π取3)解：(1)V ＝l ·[π·⎝⎛⎭⎫D 2 2－π·⎝⎛⎭⎫d 2 2]＝πl 4 ()D 2－d 2 (2)当d ＝45 cm ，D ＝75 cm ，l ＝3 m 时， V ＝πl 4 ()D 2－d 2 ＝πl4(D ＋d )·(D －d ) ＝3×34×(75＋45)×(75－45)×10－4 ＝0.81(立方米)答：浇制一节这样的管道大约需要0.81立方米的混凝土24．(10分)如图①，是一个长为2m 、宽为2n 的长方形，沿图中虚线用剪刀均分成四块小长方形，然后按图②的形状拼成一个正方形．(1)你认为图②中的阴影部分的正方形的边长等于__m －n __；(2)请用两种不同的方法求图②中阴影部分的面积： ①__(m －n)2__，②__(m ＋n)2－4mn __；(3)观察图②，请你写出代数式(m ＋n )2，(m －n )2，mn 之间的等量关系．根据(3)题中的等量关系，解决下列问题：若a ＋b ＝7，ab ＝5，求(a －b )2的值．解：(3)(m －n)2＝(m ＋n)2－4mn ，∵a ＋b ＝7，ab ＝5，∴(a －b)2＝(a ＋b)2－4ab ＝72－4×5＝2925．(12分)(枣庄中考)我们知道，任意一个正整数n 都可以进行这样的分解：n ＝p ×q (p ，q 是正整数，且p ≤q )，在n 的所有这种分解中，如果p ，q 两因数之差的绝对值最小，我们就称p ×q 是n 的最佳分解．并规定：F (n )＝pq.例如12可以分解成1×12，2×6或3×4，因为12－1＞6－2＞4－3，所以3×4是12的最佳分解，所以F (12)＝34.(1)如果一个正整数m 是另外一个正整数n 的平方，我们称正整数m 是完全平方数．求证：对任意一个完全平方数m ，总有F (m )＝1；(2)如果一个两位正整数t ，t ＝10x ＋y (1≤x ≤y ≤9，x ，y 为自然数)，交换其个位上的数与十位上的数得到的新数减去原来的两位正整数所得的差为36，那么我们称这个数t 为“吉祥数”，求所有“吉祥数”；(3)在(2)所得“吉祥数”中，求F (t )的最大值．解：(1)证明：对任意一个完全平方数m ，设m ＝n 2(n 为正整数)， ∵|n －n |＝0，∴n ×n 是m 的最佳分解，∴对任意一个完全平方数m ，总有F (m )＝nn＝1(2)设交换t 的个位上的数与十位上的数所得到的新数为t ′，则t ′＝10y ＋x ， ∵t 是“吉祥数”，∴t ′－t ＝(10y ＋x )－(10x ＋y )＝9(y －x )＝36，∴y ＝x ＋4.∵1≤x ≤y ≤9，x ，y 为自然数，∴满足“吉祥数”的有15，26，37，48，59 (3)F (15)＝35 ，F (26)＝213 ，F (37)＝137 ，F (48)＝68 ＝34 ，F (59)＝159 ，∵34 ＞35 ＞213 ＞137 ＞159， ∴所有“吉祥数”中，F (t )的最大值为34第十五章 分式得分________ 卷后分________ 评价________一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分) 1．若分式x 2－4x 的值为0，则x 的值是(A )A ．2或－2B ．2C ．－2D ．0。
最新人教版八年级数学上册单元测试题附答案全套
八年级数学上册单元测试题附答案全套第十一章检测卷时间：120分钟满分：120分一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．以下列各组线段为边，能组成三角形的是()A．2、2、4 B．8、6、3C．2、6、3 D．11、4、62．如图所示，∠1的度数是()A．40° B．50°C．60° D．70°3．下列实际情景运用了三角形稳定性的是()A．人能直立在地面上B．校门口的自动伸缩栅栏门C．古建筑中的三角形屋架D．三轮车能在地面上运动而不会倒4．如图所示，已知BD是△ABC的中线，AB＝5，BC＝3，且△ABD的周长为11，则△BCD的周长是()A．9 B．14C．16 D．不能确定5．如图所示，在△ABC中，∠A＝46°，∠C＝74°，BD平分∠ABC，交AC于点D，则∠BDC的度数是()A．76°B．81°C．92° D．104°6．在下列条件中：①∠A＋∠B＝∠C；②∠A＝∠B＝2∠C；③∠A∶∠B∶∠C＝1∶2∶3.能确定△ABC 为直角三角形的条件有()A．1个B．2个C．3个D．0个7．一个正多边形的内角和为540°，则这个正多边形的每一个外角的度数是()A．108° B．90° C．72° D．60°8．若a、b、c是△ABC三边的长，则化简|a－b－c|－|b－c－a|＋|a＋b－c|的结果是()A．a＋b＋c B．－a＋3b－cC．a＋b－c D．2b－2c9．小明同学在用计算器计算某n边形的内角和时，不小心多输入一个内角，得到和为2016°，则n的值为()A．11 B．12 C．13 D．1410．在四边形ABCD中，∠A＝∠B＝∠C，点E在边AB上，∠AED＝60°，则一定有()A．∠ADE＝20° B．∠ADE＝30°C ．∠ADE ＝12∠ADCD ．∠ADE ＝13∠ADC二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．如图，以∠E 为内角的三角形共有________个．12．若n 边形的内角和为900°，则边数n 的值为________．13．一个三角形的两边长分别是3和8，若周长是偶数，则第三边的长是________． 14．将一副三角板按如图所示的方式叠放，则∠α的度数是________．15．如图，在△ABC 中，CD 是AB 边上的中线，E 是AC 的中点，已知△DEC 的面积是4cm 2，则△ABC 的面积是________．16．如图，把三角形纸片ABC 沿DE 折叠，使点A 落在四边形BCDE 的内部．已知∠1＋∠2＝80°，则∠A 的度数是________．17．如图，一束平行太阳光照射到正五边形上，若∠1＝44°，则∠2的度数是________．18．如图，已知在△ABC 中，∠A ＝155°.第一步：在△ABC 的上方确定点A 1，使∠A 1BA ＝∠ABC ，∠A 1CA ＝∠ACB ；第二步：在△A 1BC 的上方确定点A 2，使∠A 2BA 1＝∠A 1BA ，∠A 2CA 1＝∠A 1CA ……则∠A 1的度数是________，照此继续，最多能进行________步．三、解答题(共66分)19．(8分)如图：(1)在△ABC中，BC边上的高是________；(2)在△AEC中，AE边上的高是________；(3)若AB＝CD＝2cm，AE＝3cm，求△AEC的面积及CE的长．20．(8分)如图，在△BCD中，BC＝4，BD＝5，在CB的延长线上取点A，在CD的延长线上取两点E，F，连接AE.(1)求CD的取值范围；(2)若AE∥BD，∠A＝55°，∠BDE＝125°，求∠C的度数．21.(8分)如图，六边形ABCDEF的内角都相等，CF∥AB.(1)求∠FCD的度数；(2)求证：AF∥CD.22．(10分)如图，点E 在AC 上，点F 在AB 上，BE ，CF 交于点O ，且∠C ＝2∠B ，∠BFC －∠BEC ＝20°，求∠C 的度数．23．(10分)如果多边形的每个内角都比与它相邻的外角的4倍多30°，求这个多边形的内角和及对角线的总条数．24．(10分)如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ，AC 边上的中线BD 把△ABC 的周长分成12cm 和15cm 两部分，求△ABC 各边的长．25．(12分)如图①，在平面直角坐标系中，A (0，1)，B (4，1)，C 为x 轴正半轴上一点，且AC 平分∠OAB . (1)求证：∠OAC ＝∠OCA ；(2)如图②，若分别作∠AOC 的三等分线及∠OCA 的外角的三等分线交于点P ，即满足∠POC ＝13∠AOC ，∠PCE ＝13∠ACE ，求∠P 的大小；(3)如图③，若射线OP 、CP 满足∠POC ＝1n ∠AOC ，∠PCE ＝1n ∠ACE ，猜想∠P 的大小，并证明你的结论(用含n 的式子表示)．参考答案与解析1．B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B9．C 解析：n 边形的内角和为(n －2)·180°，并且每一个内角的度数都小于180°.∵(13－2)×180°＝1980°，(14－2)×180°＝2160°，1980°<2016°<2160°，∴n ＝13.故选C.10．D 解析：如图，在△AED 中，∠AED ＝60°，∴∠ADE ＝180°－∠A －∠AED ＝120°－∠A .在四边形ABCD 中，∵∠A ＝∠B ＝∠C ，∴∠ADC ＝360°－∠A －∠B －∠C ＝360°－3∠A ＝3(120°－∠A )，∴∠ADC ＝3∠ADE .∴∠ADE ＝13∠ADC .故选D.11．3 12.7 13.7或9 14.75° 15.16cm 2 16.40° 17.28° 18．130° 6 解析：∵在△ABC 中，∠A ＝155°，∴∠ABC ＋∠ACB ＝25°.又∵∠A 1BA ＝∠ABC ，∠A 1CA ＝∠ACB ，∴∠A 1BC ＋∠A 1CB ＝50°，∴在△A 1BC 中，∠A 1＝180°－50°＝130°.∵25°＋25°×6＝175°＜180°，25°＋25°×7＝200°＞180°，∴最多能进行6步．19．解：(1)AB (1分) (2)CD (2分)(3)∵AE ＝3cm ，CD ＝2cm ，∴S △AEC ＝12AE ·CD ＝12×3×2＝3(cm 2)．(5分)∵S △AEC ＝12CE ·AB ＝3cm 2，AB＝2cm ，∴CE ＝3cm.(8分)20．解：(1)∵在△BCD 中，BC ＝4，BD ＝5，∴1＜CD ＜9.(4分)(2)∵AE ∥BD ，∠BDE ＝125°，∴∠AEC ＝180°－∠BDE ＝55°.又∵∠A ＝55°，∴∠C ＝180°－∠A －∠AEC ＝70°.(8分)21．(1)解：∵六边形ABCDEF 的内角都相等，内角和为(6－2)×180°＝720°，∴∠B ＝∠A ＝∠BCD ＝720°÷6＝120°.(1分)∵CF ∥AB ，∴∠B ＋∠BCF ＝180°，∴∠BCF ＝60°，∴∠FCD ＝∠BCD －∠BCF ＝60°.(4分)(2)证明：∵CF ∥AB ，∴∠A ＋∠AFC ＝180°，∴∠AFC ＝180°－120°＝60°，∴∠AFC ＝∠FCD ，∴AF ∥CD .(8分)22．解：由三角形外角的性质，得∠BFC ＝∠A ＋∠C ，∠BEC ＝∠A ＋∠B .(2分)∵∠BFC －∠BEC ＝20°，∴(∠A ＋∠C )－(∠A ＋∠B )＝20°，即∠C －∠B ＝20°.(5分)∵∠C ＝2∠B ，∴∠B ＝20°，∠C ＝40°.(10分)23．解：设这个多边形的一个外角为x °.依题意有x ＋4x ＋30＝180，解得x ＝30.(3分)∴这个多边形的边数为360°÷30°＝12，(5分)∴这个多边形的内角和为(12－2)×180°＝1800°，(7分)对角线的总条数为（12－3）×122＝54(条)．(10分)24．解：设AB ＝x cm ，BC ＝y cm ，则AD ＝CD ＝12x cm.有以下两种情况：(1)当AB ＋AD ＝12cm ，BC ＋CD ＝15cm 时，⎩⎨⎧x ＋12x ＝12，y ＋12x ＝15，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝8，y ＝11.即AB ＝AC ＝8cm ，BC ＝11cm ，符合三角形的三边关系；(5分)(2)当AB ＋AD ＝15cm ，BC ＋CD ＝12cm 时，⎩⎨⎧x ＋12x ＝15，y ＋12x ＝12，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝10，y ＝7.即AB ＝AC ＝10cm ，BC ＝7cm ，符合三角形的三边关系．(9分)综上所述，AB ＝AC ＝8cm ，BC ＝11cm 或AB ＝AC ＝10cm ，BC ＝7cm.(10分)25．(1)证明：∵A (0，1)，B (4，1)，∴AB ∥CO ，∴∠OAB ＝180°－∠AOC ＝90°.(1分)∵AC 平分∠OAB ，∴∠OAC ＝45°，∴∠OCA ＝90°－45°＝45°，∴∠OAC ＝∠OCA .(3分)(2)解：∵∠POC ＝13∠AOC ，∴∠POC ＝13×90°＝30°.∵∠PCE ＝13∠ACE ，∴∠PCE ＝13×(180°－45°)＝45°.∴∠P ＝∠PCE －∠POC ＝15°.(7分)(3)解：∠P ＝45°n .(8分)证明如下：∵∠POC ＝1n ∠AOC ，∴∠POC ＝1n ·90°＝90°n .∵∠PCE ＝1n∠ACE ，∴∠PCE ＝1n (180°－45°)＝135°n .(10分)∴∠P ＝∠PCE －∠POC ＝45°n .(12分)第十二章检测卷时间：120分钟 满分：120分一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．在下列每组图形中，是全等形的是( )2．如图所示，△AOC ≌△BOD ，点A 与点B 是对应点，则下列结论中错误的是( ) A ．∠A ＝∠B B ．AO ＝BO C ．AB ＝CD D ．AC ＝BD3．如图所示，已知AB ＝AC ，BD ＝CD ，则可推出( ) A ．△ABD ≌△BCD B ．△ABD ≌△ACD C ．△ACD ≌△BCD D ．△ACE ≌△BDE4．在△ABC和△A′B′C′中，AB＝A′B′，∠A＝∠A′，若要证△ABC≌△A′B′C′，则还需从下列条件中补选一个，错误的选法是()A．∠B＝∠B′ B．∠C＝∠C′C．BC＝B′C′ D．AC＝A′C′5．已知∠AOB的平分线上一点P到OA的距离为5，Q是OB上任意一点，则()A．PQ＞5 B．PQ≥5 C．PQ＜5 D．PQ≤56．如图，点A、D、C、E在同一条直线上，AB∥EF，AB＝EF，∠B＝∠F，AE＝12，AC＝8，则CD 的长为()A．5.5 B．4 C．4.5 D．37．如图所示，MP⊥NP，MQ为∠PMN的平分线，MT＝MP，连接TQ，则下列结论中不正确的是() A．TQ＝PQ B．∠MQT＝∠MQPC．∠QTN＝90° D．∠NQT＝∠MQT8．如图，BE⊥AC于点D，且AD＝CD，BD＝ED.若∠ABC＝54°，则∠E的度数为()A．25° B．27° C．30° D．45°9.如图，已知AB∥CD，AD∥BC，AD＝BC，AC与BD交于点O，AE⊥BD于点E，CF⊥BD于点F，则图中的全等三角形有()A．5对B．6对C．7对D．8对10．如图，点P为定角∠AOB的平分线上的一个定点，且∠MPN与∠AOB互补，若∠MPN在绕点P 旋转的过程中，其两边分别与OA、OB相交于M、N两点，则以下结论：①PM＝PN恒成立；②OM＋ON 的值不变；③四边形PMON的面积不变；④MN的长不变．其中正确的个数为() A．4 B．3 C．2 D．1二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．如图，在△ABC与△ADC中，已知AD＝AB，在不添加任何辅助线的前提下，要使△ABC≌△ADC，只需再添加的一个条件可以是__________．12．如图，在直角△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D.若CD＝4，则点D到斜边AB的距离为________．13．如图，若△AOB≌△A′OB′，∠B＝30°，∠AOA′＝52°，OB与A′B′交于点C，则∠A′CO的度数是________．14．如图，OP平分∠MON，PE⊥OM于E，PF⊥ON于F，OA＝OB，则图中有________对全等三角形．15．如图，已知AB∥CF，E为AC的中点，若FC＝6cm，DB＝3cm，则AB＝________cm.16．如图，已知AD＝AE，BE＝CD，∠1＝∠2＝110°，∠BAC＝80°，则∠CAE的度数是________．17．我们知道：“两边及其中一边的对角分别相等的两个三角形不一定全等”．但是，小亮发现：当这两个三角形都是锐角三角形时，它们会全等，除小亮的发现之外，当这两个三角形都是__________时，它们也会全等；当这两个三角形中的一个是锐角三角形，另一个是__________时，它们一定不全等．18．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，已知点A(0，3)，B(9，0)，且∠ACB＝90°，CA＝CB，则点C的坐标为________．三、解答题(共66分)19．(8分)如图，点C是AE的中点，∠A＝∠ECD，AB＝CD.求证：∠B＝∠D.20.(8分)如图，点D在BC上，∠1＝∠2，AE＝AC，下面有三个条件：①AB＝AD；②BC＝DE；③∠E＝∠C.请你从所给条件①②③中选一个条件，使△ABC≌△ADE，并证明两三角形全等．21．(8分)如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，CA＝CB，D是AC上一点，E在BC的延长线上，且AE＝BD，BD的延长线与AE交于点F.试通过观察、测量、猜想等方法来探索BF与AE有何特殊的位置关系，并证明你的猜想．22．(10分)如图，在△ABC中，点O是∠ABC、∠ACB的平分线的交点，AB＋BC＋AC＝12，过O作OD⊥BC于D点，且OD＝2，求△ABC的面积．23．(10分)如图，B、C、E三点在同一条直线上，AC∥DE，AC＝CE，∠ACD＝∠B.(1)求证：BC＝DE；(2)若∠A＝40°，求∠BCD的度数．24.(10分)如图，在△ABC中，AD平分∠BAC，DG⊥BC且平分BC，DE⊥AB于E，DF⊥AC于F.(1)求证：BE＝CF；(2)若AB＝8，AC＝6，求AE，BE的长．25．(12分)在解决线段数量关系的问题时，如果条件中有角平分线，经常采用下面构造全等三角形的解题思路，如：在图①中，若C 是∠MON 的平分线OP 上一点，点A 在OM 上，此时，在ON 上截取OB ＝OA ，连接BC ，根据三角形全等判定(SAS)，容易构造出全等三角形△OBC 和△OAC ，参考上面的方法，解答下列问题：如图②，在非等边△ABC 中，∠B ＝60°，AD ，CE 分别是∠BAC ，∠BCA 的平分线，且AD ，CE 交于点F .求证：AC ＝AE ＋CD .参考答案与解析1．C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.C10．B 解析：如图，作PE ⊥OA 于E ，PF ⊥OB 于F ，则∠PEO ＝∠PFO ＝90°，∴∠EPF ＋∠AOB ＝180°.∵∠MPN ＋∠AOB ＝180°，∴∠EPF ＝∠MPN ，∴∠EPM ＝∠FPN .∵OP 平分∠AOB ，∴∠POE ＝∠POF .在△POE 和△POF 中， ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠POE ＝∠POF ，∠PEO ＝∠PFO ，PO ＝PO ，∴△POE ≌△POF ，∴PE ＝PF ，OE ＝OF .在△PEM 和△PFN 中， ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠MPE ＝∠NPF ，PE ＝PF ，∠PEM ＝∠PFN ，∴△PEM ≌△PFN ，∴EM ＝NF ，PM ＝PN ，故①正确．∴S △PEM ＝S △PFN ，∴S 四边形PMON ＝S 四边形PEOF ＝定值，故③正确．∵OM ＋ON ＝OE ＋ME ＋OF －NF ＝2OE ＝定值，故②正确．MN的长度是变化的，故④错误．故选B.11．DC ＝BC (或∠DAC ＝∠BAC ) 12.4 13．82° 14.3 15.9 16.20°17．钝角三角形或直角三角形 钝角三角形18．(6，6) 解析：如图，过点C 作CE ⊥OA ，CF ⊥OB ，垂足分别为E ，F .则∠OEC ＝∠OFC ＝90°.∵∠AOB ＝90°，∴∠ECF ＝90°.∵∠ACB ＝90°，∴∠ACE ＝∠BCF .在△ACE 和△BCF 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠AEC ＝∠BFC ，∠ACE ＝∠BCF ，AC ＝BC ，∴△ACE ≌△BCF (AAS)，∴AE ＝BF ，CE ＝CF ，∴点C 的横、纵坐标相等，∴OE ＝OF .∵AE ＝OE －OA＝OE －3，BF ＝OB －OF ＝9－OF ，∴OE ＝OF ＝6，∴点C 的坐标为(6，6)．19．证明：∵点C 是AE 的中点，∴AC ＝CE .(2分)在△ABC 和△CDE 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AC ＝CE ，∠A ＝∠ECD ，AB ＝CD ，∴△ABC ≌△CDE (SAS)，(7分)∴∠B ＝∠D .(8分)20．解：选②BC ＝DE .(1分)如图，∵∠1＝∠2，∠3＝∠4，∴∠E ＝∠C .(3分)在△ADE 和△ABC 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AE ＝AC ，∠E ＝∠C ，DE ＝BC ，∴△ADE ≌△ABC (SAS)．(8分)21．解：猜想BF ⊥AE .(2分)理由如下：∵∠ACB ＝90°，∴∠ACE ＝∠BCD ＝90°.又BC ＝AC ，BD ＝AE ，∴Rt △BDC ≌Rt △AEC (HL)．∴∠CBD ＝∠CAE .(5分)又∵∠CAE ＋∠E ＝90°，∴∠EBF ＋∠E ＝90°.∴∠BFE ＝90°，即BF ⊥AE .(8分)22．解：如图，过点O 作OE ⊥AB 于E ，OF ⊥AC 于F ，连接OA .(2分)∵点O 是∠ABC ，∠ACB 的平分线的交点，∴OE ＝OD ，OF ＝OD ，即OE ＝OF ＝OD ＝2.(5分)∴S △ABC ＝S △ABO ＋S △BCO ＋S △ACO ＝12AB ·OE＋12BC ·OD ＋12AC ·OF ＝12×2·(AB ＋BC ＋AC )＝12×2×12＝12.(10分) 23．(1)证明：∵AC ∥DE ，∴∠ACB ＝∠E ，∠ACD ＝∠D .∵∠ACD ＝∠B .∴∠D ＝∠B .(2分)在△ABC 和△CDE 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠ACB ＝∠E ，∠B ＝∠D ，AC ＝CE ，∴△ABC ≌△CDE (AAS)，∴BC ＝DE .(5分)(2)解：由(1)知△ABC ≌△CDE ，∴∠DCE ＝∠A ＝40°，∴∠BCD ＝180°－40°＝140°.(10分)24．(1)证明：如图，连接DB ，DC .∵DG ⊥BC 且平分BC ，∴∠DGB ＝∠DGC ＝90°，BG ＝CG .又DG ＝DG ，∴△DGB ≌△DGC ，∴DB ＝DC .∵AD 为∠BAC 的平分线，DE ⊥AB ，DF ⊥AC ，∴DE ＝DF ，∠DAE＝∠DAF ，∠BED ＝∠AED ＝∠DFC ＝90°.(3分)在Rt △DBE 和Rt △DCF 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧DB ＝DC ，DE ＝DF ，∴Rt △DBE ≌Rt △DCF (HL)，∴BE ＝CF .(5分)(2)解：在△ADE 和△ADF 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠DAE ＝∠DAF ，∠AED ＝∠AFD ，AD ＝AD ，∴△ADE ≌△ADF ，∴AE ＝AF .(7分)∵AC ＋CF ＝AF ，AE ＝AB －BE ，∴AC ＋CF ＝AB －BE ，即6＋BE ＝8－BE ，∴BE ＝1，∴AE ＝8－1＝7.(10分)25．证明：如图，在AC 上截取AG ＝AE ，连接FG .(1分)∵AD 是∠BAC 的平分线，CE 是∠BCA 的平分线，∴∠1＝∠2，∠3＝∠4.(2分)在△AEF 和△AGF 中， ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AE ＝AG ，∠1＝∠2，AF ＝AF ，∴△AEF ≌△AGF (SAS)，∴∠AFE＝∠AFG .(6分)∵∠B ＝60°，∴∠BAC ＋∠ACB ＝120°，∴∠2＋∠3＝12(∠BAC ＋∠ACB )＝60°.∵∠AFE ＝∠2＋∠3，∴∠AFE ＝∠CFD ＝∠AFG ＝60°，∴∠CFG ＝180°－∠CFD －∠AFG ＝60°，∴∠CFD ＝∠CFG .(9分)在△CFG 和△CFD 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ ∠CFG ＝∠CFD ，FC ＝FC ，∠3＝∠4，∴△CFG ≌△CFD (ASA)，∴CG ＝CD .∴AC ＝AG＋CG＝AE＋CD.(12分)第十三章检测卷时间：120分钟满分：120分一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．下列瑜伽动作中，可以看成轴对称图形的是()2．已知等腰三角形的一边长为6，一个内角为60°，则它的周长是()A．12 B．15 C．18 D．203．如图，一艘海轮位于灯塔P的南偏东70°方向的M处，它以每小时40海里的速度向正北方向航行，2小时后到达位于灯塔P的北偏东40°方向的N处，则N处与灯塔P的距离为() A．40海里B．60海里C．70海里D．80海里4．如图，在△ABC中，∠A＝30°，∠C＝90°，AB的垂直平分线交AC于D点，交AB于E点，则下列结论错误的是()A．DE＝DC B．AD＝DBC．AD＝BC D．BC＝AE5．如图，在正五边形ABCDE中，连接BE，则∠ABE的度数为()A．30° B．36°C．54° D．72°6．小莹和小博士下棋，小莹执圆子，小博士执方子．如图，棋盘中心方子的位置用(－1，0)表示，右下角方子的位置用(0，－1)表示．小莹将第4枚圆子放入棋盘后，所有棋子构成一个轴对称图形．她放的位置是( )A ．(－2，1)B ．(－1，1)C ．(1，－2)D ．(－1，－2)7．如图，△ABC 是等边三角形，AB ＝6，BD 是∠ABC 的平分线，延长BC 到E ，使CE ＝CD ，则BE 的长为( )A ．7B ．8C ．9D ．108．如图，∠A ＝80°，点O 是AB ，AC 垂直平分线的交点，则∠BCO 的度数是( ) A ．40° B ．30° C ．20° D ．10°9.如图，已知AB ＝A 1B ，A 1B 1＝A 1A 2，A 2B 2＝A 2A 3，A 3B 3＝A 3A 4……若∠A ＝70°，则∠A n －1A n B n －1的度数为( )A.70°2nB.70°2n ＋1C.70°2n －1D.70°2n ＋210．已知△ABC 中，AB ＝6，AC ＝8，BC ＝11，任作一条直线将△ABC 分成两个三角形，若其中有一个三角形是等腰三角形，则这样的直线最多有( )A ．3条B ．5条C ．7条D ．8条二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．一个正五边形的对称轴共有________条．12．如图，等边△ABC中，AD为高，若AB＝6，则CD的长度为________．13．已知点P(3，－1)关于y轴的对称点Q的坐标是(a＋b，1－b)，则ab的值为________．14．如图，树AB垂直于地面，为测树高，小明在C处测得∠ACB＝15°，他沿CB方向走了20米，到达D处，测得∠ADB＝30°，则计算出树的高度是________米．15．如图，在△ABC中，AC＝8，BC＝5，AB的垂直平分线DE交AB于点D，交边AC于点E，则△BCE 的周长为________．16．如图，小明上午在理发店理发时，从镜子内看到背后普通时钟的时针与分针的位置如图所示，此时时间是__________．17．如图，在△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠A＝32°，以点C为圆心、BC的长为半径作弧，交AB于点D，交AC于点E，连接BE，则∠ABE的大小为________．18．如图，在△ABC中，BC的垂直平分线DP与∠BAC的平分线相交于点D，垂足为点P.若∠BAC ＝84°，则∠BDC的度数为________．三、解答题(共66分)19．(7分)如图，已知AB＝AC，AE平分∠BAC的外角，那么AE∥BC吗？为什么？20．(8分)如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝∠ABC，BE⊥AC于点E，D为AB上一点，△BDE是正三角形．求∠C的度数．21.(9分)如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy中，A(－1，5)，B(－1，0)，C(－4，3)．(1)求出△ABC的面积；(2)在图中作出△ABC关于y轴对称的图形△A1B1C1；(3)写出点A1，B1，C1的坐标．22．(10分)如图，从①∠B＝∠C；②∠BAD＝∠CDA；③AB＝DC；④BE＝CE四个等式中选出两个作为条件，证明△AED是等腰三角形(写出一种即可)．23．(10分)如图，在△ABC中，AD⊥BC，EF垂直平分AC，交AC于点F，交BC于点E，且BD＝DE，连接AE.(1)若∠BAE＝40°，求∠C的度数；(2)若△ABC的周长为14cm，AC＝6cm，求DC长．24．(10分)如图，△ABC是等边三角形，点D是直线BC上一点，以AD为一边向右侧作等边△ADE.(1)如图①，点D在线段BC上移动时，直接写出∠BAD和∠CAE的大小关系；(2)如图②，点D在线段BC的延长线上移动时，猜想∠DCE的大小是否发生变化．若不变，请求出其大小；若变化，请说明理由．25．(12分)如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点A的坐标为(1，0)，以线段OA为边向下侧作等边三角形AOB，点C为x正半轴上一动点(OC＞1)，连接BC，以线段BC为边向下侧作等边△CBD，连接DA并延长，交y轴于点E.(1)△OBC与△ABD全等吗？判断并证明你的结论；(2)当点C运动到什么位置时，以A，E，C为顶点的三角形是等腰三角形？参考答案与解析1．A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C8．D 解析：如图所示，连接OA ，OB .∵∠BAC ＝80°，∴∠ABC ＋∠ACB ＝100°.∵O 是AB ，AC 垂直平分线的交点，∴OA ＝OB ，OA ＝OC ，∴OB ＝OC ，∠OAB ＝∠OBA ，∠OCA ＝∠OAC ，∴∠OBA ＋∠OCA ＝80°，∴∠OBC ＋∠OCB ＝100°－80°＝20°.∴∠BCO ＝∠CBO ＝10°，故选D.9．C 解析：在△ABA 1中，∠A ＝70°，AB ＝A 1B ，∴∠BA 1A ＝70°.∵A 1A 2＝A 1B 1，∠BA 1A 是△A 1A 2B 1的外角，∴∠B 1A 2A 1＝∠BA 1A 2＝35°.17.5°＝70°22，∠B 3A 4A 3＝12×17.5°＝70°23，∴∠A n －1A n B n －1＝70°2n －1.故选C.10．C 解析：分别以AB ，AC 分别为△ABD ，△ABE ，△ABF ，△ACG ，∴满足条件的直线有4条；分别以AB ，AC ，BC 为底的等腰三角形有3个，如图②，分别为△ABH ，△ACM ，△BCN ，∴满足条件的直线有3条．综上可知满足条件的直线共有7条，故选C.11．5 12.3 13.－10 14.10 15.13 16.10：45 17．21° 解析：∵AB ＝AC ，∠A ＝32°，∴∠ABC ＝∠ACB ＝74°.依题意可知BC ＝EC ，∴∠BEC ＝∠EBC ＝53°，∴∠ABE ＝∠ABC －∠EBC ＝74°－53°＝21°.18．96° 解析：如图，过点D 作DE ⊥AB 交AB 的延长线于点E ，DF ⊥AC 于点F .∵AD 是∠BAC 的平分线，∴DE ＝DF .∵DP 是BC 的垂直平分线，∴BD ＝CD .在Rt △DEB 和Rt △DFC 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧DB ＝DC ，DE ＝DF ，∴Rt △DEB ≌Rt △DFC (HL)．∴∠BDE ＝∠CDF ，∴∠BDC ＝∠EDF .∵∠DEB ＝∠DF A ＝90°，∠BAC＝84°，∴∠BDC ＝∠EDF ＝360°－90°－90°－84°＝96°.19．解：AE ∥BC .(1分)理由如下：∵AB ＝AC ，∴∠B ＝∠C .由三角形外角的性质得∠DAC ＝∠B ＋∠C ＝2∠B .(4分)∵AE 平分∠DAC ，∴∠DAC ＝2∠DAE ，∴∠B ＝∠DAE ，∴AE ∥BC .(7分)20．解：∵△BDE 是正三角形，∴∠DBE ＝60°.(2分)∵BE ⊥AC ，∴∠BEA ＝90°，∴∠A ＝90°－60°＝30°.(4分)∵∠ABC ＋∠C ＋∠A ＝180°，∠C ＝∠ABC ，∴∠C ＝180°－30°2＝75°.(8分) 21．解：(1)依题意，S △ABC ＝12×5×3＝152.(3分) (2)△A 1B 1C 1如图．(6分)(3)A 1(1，5)，B 1(1，0)，C 1(4，3)．(9分)22．解：选择的条件是：①∠B ＝∠C ；②∠BAD ＝∠CDA (或①③，①④，②③)．(2分)证明：在△BAD 和△CDA 中，∵⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧∠B ＝∠C ，∠BAD ＝∠CDA ，AD ＝DA ，∴△BAD ≌△CDA (AAS)，∴∠ADB ＝∠DAC ，(8分)∴AE ＝DE ，∴△AED 为等腰三角形．(10分)23．解：(1)∵AD ⊥BE ，BD ＝DE ，EF 垂直平分AC ，∴AB ＝AE ＝EC ，∴∠AED ＝∠B ，∠C ＝∠CAE .∵∠BAE ＝40°，∴∠AED ＝180°－∠BAE 2＝70°，(3分)∴∠C ＝12∠AED ＝35°.(5分) (2)∵△ABC 的周长为14cm ，AC ＝6cm ，∴AB ＋BE ＋EC ＝8cm ，(8分)即2DE ＋2EC ＝8cm ，∴DC ＝DE ＋EC ＝4cm.(10分)24．解：(1)∠BAD ＝∠CAE .(2分)(2)∠DCE ＝60°，不发生变化．(3分)理由如下：∵△ABC 和△ADE 是等边三角形，∴∠DAE ＝∠BAC ＝∠ABC ＝∠ACB ＝60°，AB ＝AC ，AD ＝AE ，∴∠ACD ＝120°，∠BAC ＋∠CAD ＝∠DAE ＋∠CAD ，即∠BAD＝∠CAE .(6分)在△ABD 和△ACE 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AB ＝AC ，∠BAD ＝∠CAE ，AD ＝AE ，∴△ABD ≌△ACE (SAS)，∴∠ACE ＝∠B ＝60°，∴∠DCE ＝∠ACD －∠ACE ＝120°－60°＝60°.(10分)25．解：(1)△OBC ≌△ABD .(1分)证明：∵△AOB ，△CBD 都是等边三角形，∴OB ＝AB ，CB ＝DB ，∠ABO ＝∠DBC ＝60°，∴∠OBC ＝∠ABD .(3分)在△OBC 和△ABD 中，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧OB ＝AB ，∠OBC ＝∠ABD ，CB ＝DB ，∴△OBC ≌△ABD (SAS)．(5分)(2)由(1)知△OBC ≌△ABD ，∴∠BOC ＝∠BAD ＝60°.又∵∠OAB ＝60°，∴∠OAE ＝180°－60°－60°＝分)∵在Rt△AOE中，OA＝1，∠OEA＝30°，∴AE＝2，(9分)∴AC＝AE＝2，∴OC＝1＋2＝3，∴当点C 的坐标为(3，0)时，以A，E，C为顶点的三角形是等腰三角形．(12分)第十四章检测卷时间：120分钟满分：120分一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．(－2)0的值为()A．－2 B．0 C．1 D．22．计算(－x2y)2的结果是()A．x4y2B．－x4y2C．x2y2D．－x2y23．下列运算正确的是()A．a－(b＋c)＝a－b＋c B．2a2·3a3＝6a5C．a3＋a3＝2a6D．(x＋1)2＝x2＋14．下列四个多项式中，能因式分解的是()A．a2＋b2B．a2－a＋2C．a2＋3b D．(x＋y)2－45．若关于x的代数式x2－(m－1)x＋1是一个完全平方式，则m的值为()A．－1 B．1C．－1或3 D．1或36．若(x＋4)(x－2)＝x2＋mx＋n，则常数m，n的值分别是()A．2，8 B．－2，－8C．－2，8 D．2，－87．若m＝2100，n＝375，则m、n的大小关系是()A．m＞n B．m＜nC．m＝n D．大小关系无法确定8．若a、b、c为一个三角形的三边长，则式子(a－c)2－b2的值()A．一定为正数B．一定为负数C．可能是正数，也可能是负数D．可能为09．如图①所示是一个长为2a、宽为2b(a＞b)的长方形，用剪刀沿图中虚线(对称轴)剪开，把它分成四块形状和大小都一样的小长方形，然后按如图②所示方式拼成一个正方形，则中间空的部分的面积是()A．abB．(a＋b)2C．(a－b)210．在求1＋6＋62＋63＋64＋65＋66＋67＋68＋69的值时，小林发现：从第二个加数起每一个加数都是前一个加数的6倍，于是她设：S ＝1＋6＋62＋63＋64＋65＋66＋67＋68＋69①，然后在①式的两边都乘以6，得6S ＝6＋62＋63＋64＋65＋66＋67＋68＋69＋610②，②－①得6S －S ＝610－1，即5S ＝610－1，所以S ＝610－15.得出答案后，爱动脑筋的小林想：如果把“6”换成字母“a ”(a ≠0且a ≠1)，能否求出1＋a ＋a 2＋a 3＋a 4＋…＋a 2016的值？你的答案是( )A.a 2016－1a －1B.a 2017－1a －1C.a 2016－1a D ．a 2016－1 二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．计算：－x 2·x 3＝________；⎝⎛⎭⎫12a 2b 3＝________； ⎝⎛⎭⎫－122017×22016＝________．12．已知a ＋b ＝3，a －b ＝5，则代数式a 2－b 2的值是________．13．若关于x 的代数式x ＋m 与x －4的乘积中一次项是5x ，则常数项为________．14．因式分解：(1)xy 2－9x ＝____________；(2)4x 2－24x ＋36＝____________．15．计算2016×512－2016×492的结果是________．16．已知2a 2＋2b 2＝10，a ＋b ＝3，则ab 的值为________．17．若3m ＝2，3n ＝5，则32m ＋3n －1的值为________．18．请看杨辉三角①，并观察下列等式②：根据前面各式的规律，则(a ＋b )6＝______________________．三、解答题(共66分)19．(8分)计算：(1)x ·x 7； (2)a 2·a 4＋(a 3)2；(3)(－2ab 3c 2)4； (4)(－a 3b )2÷(－3a 5b 2)．20．(8分)化简：(1)(a＋b－c)(a＋b＋c)；(2)(2a＋3b)(2a－3b)－(a－3b)2.21．(7分)下面是小颖化简整式的过程，仔细阅读后解答所提出的问题．解：x(x＋2y)－(x＋1)2＋2x＝x2＋2xy－x2＋2x＋1＋2x第一步＝2xy＋4x＋1第二步(1)小颖的化简过程从第________步开始出现错误；(2)对此整式进行化简．22.(8分)因式分解：(1)6xy2－9x2y－y3；(2)(p－4)(p＋1)＋3p.23．(8分)先化简，再求值：(1)(9x3y－12xy3＋3xy2)÷(－3xy)－(2y＋x)(2y－x)，其中x＝1，y＝－2；(2)(m －n )(m ＋n )＋(m ＋n )2－2m 2，其中m 、n 满足方程组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＋2n ＝1，3m －2n ＝11.24．(9分)(1)已知a －b ＝1，ab ＝－2，求(a ＋1)(b －1)的值；(2)已知(a ＋b )2＝11，(a －b )2＝7，求ab ；(3)已知x －y ＝2，y －z ＝2，x ＋z ＝5，求x 2－z 2的值．25．(8分)小红家有一块L 形菜地，要把L 形菜地按如图所示方式分成面积相等的两个梯形种上不同的蔬菜．已知这两个梯形的上底都是a 米，下底都是b 米，高都是(b －a )米．(1)请你算一算，小红家的菜地面积共有多少平方米？(2)当a ＝10，b ＝30时，面积是多少平方米？材料：因式分解：(x ＋y )2＋2(x ＋y )＋1.解：将“x ＋y ”看成整体，令x ＋y ＝A ，则原式＝A 2＋2A ＋1＝(A ＋1)2.再将“A ”还原，得原式＝(x ＋y ＋1)2.上述解题用到的是“整体思想”，“整体思想”是数学解题中常用的一种思想方法，请你解答下列问题：(1)因式分解：1＋2(x －y )＋(x －y )2＝____________；(2)因式分解：(a ＋b )(a ＋b －4)＋4；(3)求证：若n 为正整数，则式子(n ＋1)(n ＋2)(n 2＋3n )＋1的值一定是某一个整数的平方．参考答案与解析1．C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.D7．B 解析：m ＝2100＝(24)25＝1625，n ＝375＝(33)25＝2725.∵16＜27，∴1625＜2725，即m ＜n .故选B.8．B9．C 解析：依题意可知每个小长方形的长是a ，宽是b ，则拼成的正方形的边长为a ＋b ，中间空的部分的面积为(a ＋b )2－4ab ＝(a －b )2.故选C.10．B 解析：设S ＝1＋a ＋a 2＋a 3＋a 4＋…＋a 2016①，在①式的两边都乘以a ，得aS ＝a ＋a 2＋a 3＋a 4＋a 5＋…＋a 2017②，②－①得aS －S ＝a 2017－1，即(a －1)S ＝a 2017－1，所以S ＝a 2017－1a －1.故选B. 11．－x 5 18a 6b 3 －1212.15 13.－36 14．(1)x (y ＋3)(y －3) (2)4(x －3)215．403200 16.2 17.500318．a 6＋6a 5b ＋15a 4b 2＋20a 3b 3＋15a 2b 4＋6ab 5＋b 619．解：(1)原式＝x 8.(2分)(2)原式＝a 6＋a 6＝2a 6.(4分)(3)原式＝16a 4b 12c 8.(6分)(4)原式＝a 6b 2÷(－3a 5b 2)＝－13a .(8分) 20．解：(1)原式＝(a ＋b )2－c 2＝a 2＋2ab ＋b 2－c 2.(4分)(2)原式＝4a 2－9b 2－(a 2－6ab ＋9b 2)＝3a 2＋6ab －18b 2.(8分)21．解：(1)一(3分) 解析：括号前面是负号，去掉括号应变号，故第一步出错，故答案为一．(2)x (x ＋2y )－(x ＋1)2＋2x ＝x 2＋2xy －x 2－2x －1＋2x ＝2xy －1.(7分)22．解：(1)原式＝－y (y 2－6xy ＋9x 2)＝－y (3x －y )2.(4分)(2)原式＝p 2＋p －4p －4＋3p ＝p 2－4＝(p ＋2)(p －2)．(8分)23．解：(1)原式＝－3x 2＋4y 2－y －4y 2＋x 2＝－2x 2－y .当x ＝1，y ＝－2时，原式＝－2＋2＝0.(3分) (2)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＋2n ＝1①，3m －2n ＝11②，由①＋②，得4m ＝12，解得m ＝3.将m ＝3代入①，得3＋2n ＝1，解得n ＝－1.故方程组的解是⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝3，n ＝－1.(5分)(m －n )(m ＋n )＋(m ＋n )2－2m 2＝m 2－n 2＋m 2＋2mn ＋n 2－2m 2＝2mn .当m ＝3，n ＝－1时，原式＝2×3×(－1)＝－6.(8分)24．解：(1)∵a －b ＝1，ab ＝－2，∴原式＝ab －(a －b )－1＝－2－1－1＝－4.(3分)(2)∵(a ＋b )2＝a 2＋2ab ＋b 2＝11①，(a －b )2＝a 2－2ab ＋b 2＝7②，由①－②得4ab ＝4，∴ab ＝1.(6分)(3)由x －y ＝2，y －z ＝2，得x －z ＝4.又∵x ＋z ＝5，∴原式＝(x ＋z )(x －z )＝20.(9分)25．解：(1)依题意，小红家的菜地面积共有2×12(a ＋b )(b －a )＝(b 2－a 2)(平方米)．(4分) (2)当a ＝10，b ＝30时，面积为900－100＝800(平方米)．(8分)26．(1)(x －y ＋1)2(2分)(2)解：令A ＝a ＋b ，则原式＝A (A －4)＋4＝A 2－4A ＋4＝(A －2)2，再将“A ”还原，得原式＝(a ＋b －2)2.(6分)(3)证明：(n ＋1)(n ＋2)(n 2＋3n )＋1＝(n 2＋3n )[(n ＋1)(n ＋2)]＋1＝(n 2＋3n )(n 2＋3n ＋2)＋1.令n 2＋3n ＝A ，则原式＝A (A ＋2)＋1＝A 2＋2A ＋1＝(A ＋1)2，∴原式＝(n 2＋3n ＋1)2.∵n 为正整数，∴n 2＋3n ＋1也为正整数，∴式子(n ＋1)(n ＋2)(n 2＋3n )＋1的值一定是某一个整数的平方．(10分)第十五章检测卷时间：120分钟 满分：120分一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．在a －b 2，x （x ＋3）x ，5＋x π，a ＋b a －b，a ＋1m 中，是分式的有( ) A ．1个 B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个2．若分式x 2－1x －1的值为零，则x 的值为( ) A ．0 B ．1C ．－1D ．±13．下列计算错误的是( )A.0.2a ＋b 0.7a －b ＝2a ＋b 7a －bB.x 3y 2x 2y 3＝x yC.a －b b －a＝－1 D.1c ＋2c ＝3c 4．人体中红细胞的直径约为0.0000077m ，将数0.0000077用科学记数法表示为( )A ．77×10－5B ．0.77×10－7C ．7.7×10－6D ．7.7×10－75．化简x 2x －1＋x 1－x的结果是( ) A ．x ＋1 B ．x －16．如果把分式2n m －n中的m 和n 都扩大到原来的2倍，那么分式的值( ) A ．不变 B ．扩大到原来的2倍C ．缩小为原来的12D ．扩大到原来的4倍 7．化简⎝⎛⎭⎫1a ＋1b ÷⎝⎛⎭⎫1a 2－1b 2·ab 的结果是( )A.a 2b 2a －bB.a 2b 2b －aC.1a －bD.1b －a8．若1x －1＝1，则3x －1－1＋x 的值为( ) A ．0 B ．2 C ．3 D ．49．某市从今年1月1日起调整居民用水价格，每立方米水费上涨13.小丽家去年12月份的水费是15元，而今年5月份的水费是30元．已知小丽家今年5月份的用水量比去年12月份的用水量多5m 3.求该市今年居民用水的价格．设去年居民用水价格为x 元/m 3，根据题意列方程，正确的是( )A.30⎝⎛⎭⎫1＋13x －15x ＝5B.30⎝⎛⎭⎫1－13x －15x＝5 C.30x －15⎝⎛⎭⎫1＋13x ＝5 D.30x －15⎝⎛⎭⎫1－13x＝5 10．若关于x 的方程x ＋m x －3＋3m 3－x＝3的解为正数，则m 的取值范围是( ) A ．m <92 B ．m <92且m ≠32C ．m >－94D ．m >－94且m ≠－34二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．当x ________时，分式5x －2有意义． 12．方程12x ＝1x ＋1的解是________． 13．若3x －1＝127，则x 的值为______． 14．计算⎝⎛⎭⎫a －2ab －b 2a ÷a －b a 的结果是________． 15．已知a 2－6a ＋9与(b －1)2互为相反数，则式子⎝⎛⎭⎫a b －b a ÷(a ＋b )的值是________．16．甲、乙工程队分别承接了160米、200米的管道铺设任务，已知乙比甲每天多铺设5米，甲、乙完成铺设任务的时间相同，则甲每天铺设管道________米．17．若关于x 的方程2a x －1＝a －1无解，则a 的值是________．18．若1（2n －1）（2n ＋1）＝a 2n －1＋b 2n ＋1(a ，b 为常数)，对任意自然数n 都成立，则a ＝________，b ＝________；计算：m ＝11×3＋13×5＋15×7＋…＋119×21＝________． 三、解答题(共66分)19．(9分)计算或化简：(1)(－2016)0－2－2－⎝⎛⎭⎫－12－3－(－3)2；(2)⎝⎛⎭⎫1x 2－4＋4x ＋2÷1x －2；(3)⎝⎛⎭⎫a ＋1a ＋2÷⎝⎛⎭⎫a －2＋3a ＋2.20．(8分)解方程：(1)2x ＋1－1x ＝0；(2)x －2x ＋2－16x 2－4＝1.21.(10分)先化简，再求值：(1)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋x 2－4x 2－4x ＋4÷x 2x －2，其中x ＝1；(2)⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1x －3－x ＋1x 2－1·(x －3)，从不大于4的正整数中，选择一个合适的值代入x 求值．22．(8分)以下是小明同学解方程1－x x －3＝13－x－2的过程． 解：方程两边同时乘(x －3)，得1－x ＝－1－2. …………………………第一步解得x ＝4. ……………………………………第二步检验：当x ＝4时，x －3＝4－3＝1≠0. ………第三步所以，原分式方程的解为x ＝4. …………………第四步(1)小明的解法从第______步开始出现错误；(2)写出解方程1－x x －3＝13－x－2的正确过程．23．(10分)某新建的商场有3000m 2的地面花岗岩需要铺设，现有甲、乙两个工程队希望承包铺设地面的工程．甲工程队平均每天比乙工程队多铺50m 2，甲工程队单独完成该工程的工期是乙工程队单独完成该工程所需工期的34.求甲、乙两个工程队完成该工程的时间．24．(10分)早晨，小明步行到离家900米的学校去上学，到学校时发现眼镜忘在家中，于是他立即按原路步行回家，拿到眼镜后立即按原路骑自行车返回学校．已知小明步行从学校到家所用的时间比他骑自行车从家到学校所用的时间多10分钟，小明骑自行车的速度是步行速度的3倍．(1)求小明步行的速度(单位：米/分)；(2)下午放学后，小明骑自行车回到家，然后步行去图书馆，如果小明骑自行车和步行的速度不变，小明步行从家到图书馆的时间不超过骑自行车从学校到家的时间的2倍，那么小明家与图书馆之间的路程最多是多少米？25．(11分)观察下列方程的特征及其解的特点．①x ＋2x＝－3的解为x 1＝－1，x 2＝－2； ②x ＋6x＝－5的解为x 1＝－2，x 2＝－3； ③x ＋12x＝－7的解为x 1＝－3，x 2＝－4. 解答下列问题：(1)请你写出一个符合上述特征的方程为____________，其解为____________；(2)根据这类方程的特征，写出第n 个方程为________________，其解为____________；(3)请利用(2)的结论，求关于x 的方程x ＋n 2＋n x ＋3＝－2(n ＋2)(n 为正整数)的解．参考答案与解析1．C 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.A10．B 解析：去分母得x ＋m －3m ＝3x －9，整理得2x ＝－2m ＋9，解得x ＝－2m ＋92.∵关于x 的方程x ＋m x －3＋3m 3－x＝3的解为正数，∴－2m ＋9＞0，解得m ＜92.由x ≠3得－2m ＋92≠3，解得m ≠32，故m 的取值范围是m ＜92且m ≠32.故选B. 11．≠2 12.x ＝1 13.－2 14.a －b 15.2316.20 17．1或0 解析：方程两边乘(x －1)，得2a ＝(a －1)(x －1)，即(a －1)x ＝3a －1.当a －1＝0且3a －1≠0时，方程无解，此时a ＝1；当a －1≠0时，x ＝3a －1a －1，若x ＝1，则方程无解，此时3a －1a －1＝1，解得a ＝0.综上所述，若关于x 的方程2a x －1＝a －1无解，则a 的值是1或0. 18.12 －12 1021 解析：1（2n －1）（2n ＋1）＝a 2n －1＋b 2n ＋1＝a （2n ＋1）＋b （2n －1）（2n －1）（2n ＋1）＝2n （a ＋b ）＋a －b （2n －1）（2n ＋1）.∵等式对于任意自然数n 都成立，∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＋b ＝0，a －b ＝1，解得⎩⎨⎧a ＝12，b ＝－12.∴1（2n －1）（2n ＋1） ＝122n －1＋－122n ＋1＝12⎝⎛⎫12n －1－12n ＋1，∴m ＝1×3＋13×5＋15×7＋…＋119×21＝12×⎝⎛1－13＋13－15＋15－17＋…⎭⎫＋119－121＝12×⎝⎛19．解：(1)原式＝1－14＋8－9＝－14.(3(2)原式＝1＋4（x －2）（x ＋2）（x －2）·(x －2)＝4x －7x ＋2.(6分) (3)原式＝a 2＋2a ＋1a ＋2÷a 2－4＋3a ＋2＝（a ＋1）2a ＋2·a ＋2（a ＋1）（a －1）＝a ＋1a －1.(9分) 20．解：(1)方程两边同乘x (x ＋1)，得2x －(x ＋1)＝0，解得x ＝1.(3分)检验：当x ＝1时，x (x ＋1)≠0.所以原分式方程的解为x ＝1.(4分)(2)方程两边同乘(x ＋2)(x －2)，得(x －2)2－16＝x 2－4，解得x ＝－2.(7分)检验：当x ＝－2时，(x ＋2)(x －2)＝0，因此x ＝－2不是原分式方程的解．所以原分式方程无解．(8分)21．解：(1)原式＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋x ＋2x －2·x －2x 2＝2x x －2·x －2x 2＝2x.(3分)当x ＝1时，原式＝2.(5分) (2)原式＝⎝⎛⎭⎫1x －3－1x －1·(x －3)＝x －1－x ＋3（x －3）（x －1）·(x －3)＝2x －1.(8分)∵x 从不大于4的正整数中选取，∴x ＝1，2，3，4.∵要使原式有意义，则x ≠±1，3，∴可取x ＝4，则原式＝23.(10分) 22．解：(1)一(2分)(2)方程两边同时乘(x －3)，得1－x ＝－1－2x ＋6，解得x ＝4.(7分)检验：当x ＝4时，x －3≠0.所以原分式方程的解为x ＝4.(8分)23．解：设乙工程队平均每天铺x m 2，则甲工程队平均每天铺(x ＋50)m 2.由题意得3000x ＋50＝3000x ·34，解得x ＝150.(5分)经检验，x ＝150是原分式方程的解．(6分)3000x ＝20(天)，20×34＝15(天)．(9分) 答：甲工程队完成该工程需15天，乙工程队完成该工程需20天．(10分)24．解：(1)设小明步行的速度是x 米/分．由题意得900x ＝9003x＋10，解得x ＝60.(4分)经检验，x ＝60是原分式方程的解．(5分)答：小明步行的速度是60米/分．(6分)(2)设小明家与图书馆之间路程是y 米．由(1)知小明骑自行车的速度为3×60＝180(米/分)，根据题意可得y 60≤900180×2，解得y ≤600.(9分) 答：小明家与图书馆之间路程最多是600米．(10分)25．解：(1)答案不唯一，如x ＋20x＝－9 x 1＝－4，x 2＝－5(3分) (2)x ＋n 2＋n x＝－(2n ＋1) x 1＝－n ，x 2＝－n －1(6分) (3)∵x ＋n 2＋n x ＋3＝－2(n ＋2)，∴x ＋3＋n 2＋n x ＋3＝－2(n ＋2)＋3，∴(x ＋3)＋n 2＋n x ＋3＝－(2n ＋1)，∴x ＋3＝－n 或x ＋3＝－n －1，即x 1＝－n －3，x 2＝－n －4.(10分)检验：当x ＝－n －3时，x ＋3＝－n ≠0，当x ＝－n －4时，x ＋3＝－n －1≠0，∴原分式方程的解是x 1＝－n －3，x 2＝－n －4.(11分)。
人教版八年级英语上册单元测试题含答案全套
人教版八年级英语上册单元测试题含答案全套Unit 1: Lessons 1-31. According to the conversation, where is the library?- A. Next to the cinema.- B. Opposite the supermarket.- C. Behind the hospital.- D. Near the school.2. What does the man say about the bookshop?- A. It's expensive.- B. It's new.- C. It's far away.- D. It's closed.3. How long does it take the man to get to the bookshop by bus? - A. 5 minutes.- B. 10 minutes.- C. 30 minutes.- D. 35 minutes.Read the passage and answer the questions.Lucy is a student from China. She is in Grade 8. She is studying English, math, science, and history. She likes English the most. After school, she usually plays basketball or watches TV. Sometimes she helps her mother with housework. Lucy's favorite color is blue.4. What grade is Lucy in?- A. Grade 7.- B. Grade 8.- C. Grade 9.- D. Grade 10.5. What is Lucy's favorite subject?- A. English.- B. Math.- C. Science.- D. History.6. What does Lucy like to do after school?- A. Play basketball.- B. Watch TV.- C. Do homework.- D. Help her mother with housework.Grammar7. My brother ____ to London on his vacation.- A. go- B. goes- C. is going- D. going8. Jane ______ to the movies tomorrow if she has time. - A. goes- B. go- C. is going- D. going9. They _______ their grandmother every Sunday afternoon.- A. visits- B. visit- C. is visiting- D. visitingWritingWrite a short paragraph introducing your best friend, including information such as their name, age, hobbies, and favorite food.{Your paragraph here}Unit 2: Lessons 4-6Note: The answers to the questions are not provided here and should be determined independently.。
人教版八年级上册英语单元测试题全套(含答案)
人教版八年级上册英语单元测试题全套（含答案）人教版八年级上册英语单元测试题全套（含答案）（含期中期末试题，共12套）Unit 1测试题及答案二、单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( B )31.—Cindy，what's that under the desk?—Oh，it's ________ umbrella. ________umbrella is mine.A．an；An B．an；TheC．a；The D．a；A( C )32.—David，who did you go on a trip to Sanya with?—Nobody (没有人)．I went there ________.A．me B．youC．myself D．yourself( A )33.—I ________ what they said just now.Can you tell me?—Sorry，I didn't go to the meeting.A．wonder B．enjoyC．remember D．decide( D )34.—It ________ that Mike is very happy today.—Yes.He got a new model plane from his uncle this morning.A．feels B．sounds C．tastes D．seems( A)35.Tom thinks his school life is interesting，because there are always lots of________ after class.A．activities B．messagesC．dangers D．problems( D )36.—Linda，don't forget to bring your raincoat，or you'll get ________.—OK，Dad.A．dry B．warm C．cold D．wet( A )37.—What did you buy for your best friend when you were on vacation?—Well，I bought ________ for her.A．something special B．anything specialC．special something D．special anything( D)38.—What can you see from the top of the mountain?—We can see a lake ________ us.A．past B．across C．along D．below( B )39.—What do you think of A v engers：Infinity War?—It's ________ for me.I got ________ when I was in the cinema (电影院)．A．boring；boring B．boring；boredC．bored；boring D．bored；bored( A)40.—Why does little Tom's father not let him use the computer?—Because his father thinks Tom is not ________.A．old enough B．enough oldC．young enough D．enough young( B)41.—Does Sally have many friends in her class?—No，she has ________ because she is shy and quiet.A．a few B．few C．a little D．less( B )42.—You seem ________ G．E.M.'s songs very much.—That's true.She is my favorite singer.A．to practice B．to enjoyC．practicing D．enjoying( B)43.—Alex, ____________ helped you clean the classroom yesterday?—Yes，Mike did.A．someone B．anyoneC．everyone D．no one( C )44.We didn't go to the park last Sunday ________the bad weather.A．so that B．soC．because of D．because( C )45.—Did you go anywhere interesting this summer vacation?—________.I only stayed at home to study for the test.A．Of course B．No problemC．Not really D．Sounds great三、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。
人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 1 单元测试题(含答案)
人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 1 单元测试题(含答案) Class__________Name __________ Number_________一、单项选择（15分）( )1. We plan to go on ______vacation in Canada, would you like to join us?A.a, aB./,anC.the,/D./,a( )2. ---Lucy, it_________that Lily’s Chinese is very good.--Yes, she studies hard in it.A.i s seemB.soundsC.looksD.seems( )3. Look! The plane is flying_________the mountain.A.o verB.belowC.underD.through( )4. _______like playing basketball and badminton are popular with students.A.M eetingsB.MountainsC.ActivitiesD.Buildings( )5. ---I’m_________, Daming.---Why not eat some fried chicken. They are delicious.A.h ungryB.wonderfulC.happyD.enjoyable( )6. The waterfall was_______beautiful ______we forgot the time.A.v ery, thatB.too, toC.so, thatD.such, that( )7. There isn’t______with your computer, so you can send an email on the Internet.A.s omething wrongB.anything wrongC.wrong somethingD.wrong anything( )8.---Why do you decide_________to Pairs for vacation?---Because I want to visit the Eiffel Tower.A.t o goingB.goingC.to goD.go( )9. ---Why was he late, Tom?---He was late_______he was ill, not_________the bad weather.A.because, because ofB.because of, becauseC.because, becauseD.because of, because of( )10. Kate like playing the piano. She spends_______of her time practice it.A.fewB.kindC.littleD.most( )11.Lucy’s dog is lost and she’s very unhappy. I _______what we can do to help her.A.w onderB.wishC.learnD.worry( )12. ---Did you try paragliding yesterday?---Yes. I _______I was a bird. It was so exciting.A.l ooked likeB.made sureC.though ofD.felt like( )13. ---The new film was so________.---Yes, I felt_______with it.A.b ored, boringB.boring, boredC.bored, boredD.boring, boring( )14. The students restaurant isn’t __________for all the students to sit in.A.e nough bigB.enough smallC.big enoughD.smallenough( )15. ---Would you like to go fishing with us?---_______. I like it very much.A.Sounds boringB.No problemC.Not reallyD.Of course一、完形填空（10分）Last Sunday we had a great vacation. My father, my mother and I ___1____to summer camp. We went to the mountain. First we____2___to the foot of the mountain ____3____bus. In the middle of the mountain there was a river. The water was clean and clear. I washed my face ____4____the water. It was warm. There ____5____some fish in the river. In the mountain there were flowers. They were_____6_____. At noon, many people got together, and we were very____7_____. So we made our meal in the mountain. The food was very ____8____, and we liked it very much. After the meal, we went on our____9____. We felt happy. It was really__10____.( )1.A.go B.goes C.went D.going( )2.A.got B.reached C.arrived D.arrived in( )3.A.by B.on C.in D.took( )4.A.on B.with C.for D.into( )5.A.is B.was C.were D.have( )6.A.bad B.exciting C.terrible D.beautiful( )7.A.wonderful B.hungry C.bored D.happy( )8.A.delicious B.cheap C.interesting D.expensive( )9.A.study B.trip C.try D.food( )10.A.cold B.hot C.fun D.boring二、阅读理解（20分）AUncle Johnny visited many places last summer. Read some of his travel diaries．July 13th sunnyToday,we finally reached the Arctic Ocean(北冰洋)．A shark followed our ship. Manyicebergs(冰山)were on the sea and we saw two polar bears on one ofthem. It was very coldbut the jackets kept us warm．July 29th cloudyI did not know that an African safari(游猎)could be so exciting！Wesaw some lions.They were the kings of all animals！They did not run or catch animals，and they just slept．We also saw elephants behind the treesand many giraffes．The giraffes were eating leaves on the top of the trees．August 8th rainyIn the Amazon r ainforest(亚马孙雨林)，we heard a scary sound. It was the sound of many monkeys in the trees．However，I think the birds and their songs were more amazing.( )1.When did Uncle Johnny go to the Arctic OceanA. Last winter. B．Lastautumn. st summer. D. Last spring. ( )2.Where were the polar bears？A. On the ship.B. In the water.C. In a zoo.D. On aniceberg.( )3.When Uncle Johnny saw the lions，they were _________.A. sleepingB. runningC. catching animalsD. eating meat( )4.How many kinds of animals did Uncle Johnny see in the Africansafari？A. Three．B．Four. C．Five．D．Six.( )5.What made the scary sound in the Amazon rainforest？A. Elephants.B. Monkeys.C. Snakes.D. Birds.BOne year, my family and I went on a long trip down south!It was a three-week vacation.We lived in Michigan.So it took us a very long time to drive to Florida.We stopped in Atlanta to visit my uncle. We kept going down to Orlando. We visited Disney there!We went to Magic Kingdom and Blizzard Beach.I really enjoyed all of the days we spent at Disney. We also went to see my dad's friend in Tampa Bay. Then we arrived in Florida.It was December, but we still were outside and played baseball. We spent Christmas Day in our hotel.We brought some gifts with us to share with each other, and we had some warm days.One of my favorites of the trip was New Year's Eve. New Year's Day was one of my favorite holidays.This time,wecould not visit any friends.But we watched an interesting movie Three Stooges!I still remember my family sat on the hotel's sofa and laughed so hard! And I will never forget the time. I spent with my family.( )6.How did they go on the trip?A.By plane.B.By train.C.By bus.D.By car.( )7.What's the right order(顺序)of their trip? ①Orlando ①Florida ①Atlanta①Tampa BayA.①①①①B.①①①①C.①①①①D.①①①①( )8.What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "share"?A.接受B.邮寄C.售卖D.分享( )9. Which of the following is TRUE?A.T he writer’s favorite place of this trip was Disney.B.The writer had a one-month wonderful trip.C.The writer didn’t stop when they got to Atlanta.D.T he writer spend New Year’s Eve in Florida.( )10.What's the best title for the passage?A.A n Enjoyable Visit to My Uncle's HomeB.A Great Holiday with my FamilyC.A Wonderful Holiday PlanD.An Important New Year's Eve三、任务型阅读（10分）Last summer vacation I went to Taiwan with my parents.Taiwan is really beautiful! The weather is always warm and humid because the sea is around Taiwan. In the north, it's cold in winter, but in the south, it is still warm in winter and you can enjoy sunshine every day. Thetyphoon (台风) season is from June to October.There are many mountains in Taiwan. ①A-li Mountain is one of the biggest mountain there. We went to climb A-li Mountain one afternoon. There are many trees in the forest there. They are very tall and many of them are really old.Sun Moon Lake is the largest natural lake in Taiwan. In the lake there are many kinds of fishes.②We also went to the beach and enjoyed the sunshine. There are many kinds of food in the small towns near the sea. Dumplings with shrimp(虾) in them are my favorite.Taiwan, a beautiful island, I love it! I took many photos there. Would you love to see them?1.The writer spent the summer vacation with his________.2.What’s the weather like in Taiwan?___________________________________________________3.文中画线句子①有一处错误，指出并改正。
人教版八年级语文上册各单元测试题(全册,含答案)
八年级语文上册第一单元测试一．积累与运用（36分）1、请从下列选项中选填合适的词语：（4分）（选项：恐惧呼唤憧憬喜悦）孩子们对未来的 ,对生命的 ,对死亡的 ,对亲人的 ,父母失子的哀伤和控诉,塞尔维亚人对暴力的反抗和对自由的执著—世世代代“人”的声音,在诗和音乐的韵律中,响彻云霄,响遍山谷。
2、填写下列成语：（8分）锐不可眼花乱然无存月明风名其实丰伟绩转弯角永垂不3、根据拼音在括号中写出正确的汉字：（4分）阻è管xiá寒jìn jū躬4、常识填空：（6分）A、新闻结构的五部分是、、、背景和结语。
B、法国作家雨果的代表作有《》、《》。
C、《芦花荡》的作者是。
5、依次填入下面横线的词语恰当的是（）（3分）我已歼灭及击溃一切抵抗之敌，扬中、镇江、江阴诸县的广大地区，并______ 江阴要塞，________长江。
A．占有牵制封锁 B．占领控制封锁 C．占领控制封闭 D．占有牵制封锁6、默写。
（8分）1）_____________，_____ ________。
阳春布德泽，万物生光辉。
2），_______________。
树树皆秋色，山山唯落晖。
3）伴随着战争，产生了丰富的战争文化。
请你展示：A、有关战争的成语： ____________ ____________B 有关战争的诗句：，。
7、根据下面的内容，用简洁的语言拟写一个新闻标题（不超过15个字）。
（3分）据台湾媒体报道宋楚瑜率领亲民党大陆访问团于13日下午3时40分许返抵台北。
亲民党主席宋楚瑜在桃园机场发表谈话表示，亲民党带着两岸同胞共同追求和平的愿望回到台湾。
宋楚瑜说，这次访问期间看到大陆的很多变化，也看到大陆乡亲和我们一样，都愿意追求和平。
二、阅读（34分（新华社长江前线22日22时电）人民解放军百万大军，从1千余华里的战线上，冲破敌阵，横渡长江。
西起九江（不含），东至江阴，均是人民解放军的渡江区域。
①二十日夜起，长江北岸人民解放军中路军首先突破安庆、芜湖线，渡至繁昌、铜陵、青阳、荻港、鲁港地区，二十四小时内即已渡过三十万人。
人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 1 单元测试题(含答案)
人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 1 单元测试题（含答案）（时间：45分钟，满分：100分）I．单项选择。
（15分）（）1．-Helen，did you do _______ last weekend?-Yes,I visited my grandparents in the countryside.A.anything specialB.something specialC.special anything（）2．My computer doesn＇t work．There must be _______ wrong with it.A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingD.everything（）3．Class，please teach the article we will learn tomorrow.A.yourselvesB.yourselfC.ourselves( )4.The food is very delicious in that restaurant. We could go and _____ it?A.sellB.helpC.produceD.try( )5.My two cousins decide _____ a business together.A.to startB.startingC.startD.started( )6.The question is quite difficult,so _____ students can work it out.A.fewB.littleC.muchD.many( )7.-The new restaurant is _____ for 500 people.-Wow,let's have a big party there.A.enough bigB.enough small.C.big enoughD. small enough ( )8.-We spent two hours waiting in the rain _____ you!-Sorry,I drove slowly in the crowded street.A.becauseB.because ofC.in front ofD.before ( )9.What _____ you _____ every weekend when you were in Grade 7?A.will;doB.are;doingC.do;doD.did;do( )10. -Did you go anywhere interesting this summer vacation?-__________. I just stayed on my uncle's farm and helped him.A.Of courseB.No problemC.Not reallyD.Sounds greatII．完形填空。
最新人教版人教版八年级英语上册单元测试题及答案全套10全
最新人教版人教版八年级英语上册单元测试题及答案全套10全Unit 1标准检测卷笔试部分(100分)五、单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)21．—There are dark clouds，and the wind is blowing(吹) strongly.—It________ that a typhoon is coming.A．feels B．soundsC．seems D．looks22．You'd better not read today's newspaper because there is________ in it.A．nothing special B．anything newC．everything important D．something interesting23．—Judy and I will go to the beach tomorrow.—It's so nice. Enjoy________．A．yourselves B．yourselfC．herself24．Jim sits behind me, so I sit________him.A．at the top of B．at the end ofC．in the middle of D．in front of25．(N)I felt like ________ in the sky like a bird.A．fly B．flew C．am flying D．flying26．We still have________ to make this birthday cake look________．A．time enough; enough goodB．enough time; enough goodC．enough time; good enoughD．enough time; enough well27．—I'm ________，Mom. Can I have something to eat?—OK. Here's some bread.A．full B．heavy C．hungry D．thirsty28．My sister dislikes________ books but she likes________ the piano.A. reading; playing B．read; to playC．read; playing D．reading; play29．—Can you speak Chinese, Steve?—Yes, only________. I came to China only a month ago.A．few B．a few C．little D．a little30．—Listen! Someone is playing the piano.—Wow！________beautiful music! I like it very much.A．What B．How a C．What a D．How31.—________ you________ to Nanhu Park a week ago?—Yes. We had a good time there.A．Do; goB．Did; goC．Did; went32．—Did you watch TV last night?—________. I watched a soccer game on it.A．Of course B．SorryC．I'm afraid not D．Good luck33．—________ the heavy rain，we didn't go camping yesterday.—What a pity!A．Because that B．Because ofC．Instead of D．As for34．—How was your day off?—Pretty good! I ________the Science Museum with my classmates.A．visited B．visitC．will visit D．was visiting35．Please try to ________ home on time. Don't keep us ________.A．get to；to wait B．arrive in；waitingC．get; waiting D．reach; to wait六、完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)(词数：约180; 建议用时：6分钟)Long long ago, there was a beautiful little girl. She was________(36)because she had no family and no home. She only had her clothes ________(37) some bread. But she was very ________(38)．A man asked her ________(39) she had something to eat. She gave him her________(40)．A child cried and told her that his________(41)was very cold. So she gave him her hat.Then, she met a child________(42)no coat. She gave him her coat.One day, in the cold________(43)forest, she met another child who________(44)her dress. The little girl thought that it was dark and________(45)could see her, so she gave her dress away. At last, she had almost nothing: no family, nowhere to live，________(46)to eat and little to wear.________(47), stars fell from the sky. These stars became beautiful pieces of money. With the money, she________(48)a new dress and a coat.The little girl was rich for the________(49)of her life and she still________(50)the people in need with her money. 36．A. alone B．happy C．poor37．A. or B．but C．and38. A．kind B．bored C．sad39．A. where B．if C．when40．A. clothes B．home C．bread41．A. neck B．back C．head42. A．without B．with C. on43．A. noisy B．dark C．bright44．A. asked for B．took off C．gave away45．A. someone B．nobody C．anybody46. A．something B．everything C．nothing47．A. Suddenly B．Certainly C．Recently48．A. chose B．borrowed C．bought49．A. end B．beginning C．rest50. A．helped B．helps C．help七、阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分)A (词数：约120；建议用时：4分钟)51.You do not have to pay money on Tuesday if you go to________．A．Spring RestaurantB．Science MuseumC．Sunshine Shopping CenterD．Huatai Hotel52．What can't you do at 3 o'clock on Saturday afternoon?A．Go to Spring Restaurant.B．Have coffee in Huatai Hotel.C．Visit Science Museum.D．Shop in Sunshine Shopping Center.53．If you want to drink coffee early on weekdays, you can go to________．A．Peace Road B．East RoadC．West Road D．Green Road54．Which place is still open after 10：00 pm on Thursday?A．Spring Restaurant.B．Science Museum.C．Sunshine Shopping Center.D．Huatai Hotel.55．The text is probably taken from________．A．a novel B．a guidebookC．a dictionary D．a science reportB(词数：约160；建议用时：7分钟)Mr and Mrs White had two sons and three daughters. One Sunday, Mrs White said to her husband, “The children don't have any lessons today, and you're free too. There's a new funfair(游乐场)in the park. Let's all go there to play.”Her husband said, “I want to finish some work today.” “Oh, forget it. Go there and make our children happy. That's the most important work，” Mrs White said.So Mr and Mrs White took their children to the funfair. Mr White was fortyfive years old, but he enjoyed the funfair more than his children. He hurried from one thing to another, and ate lots of sweets. One of the children said to her mother, “Dad is just like a small child, isn't he, Mom？” Mrs White didn't want to follow her husband around any more at that time and answered, “He is evenworse than a small child, Mary, because he might spend more money than a small child.”56．There were ________ children in the family.A．five B．three C．four57．One Sunday, Mr and Mrs White went to ________ with their children.A．school B．work C．a funfair58．Mr White liked the place so much that he ________.A．bought lots of drinkB．followed his wife all the timeC．hurried from one thing to another59．From the story we know Mrs White ________ when Mary asked her the question.A．was still excited to playB．ate a lot of sweetsC．was a little angry with Mr White60．Of all the family members, ________ enjoyed playing there most that Sunday.A．Mr White B．Mrs White C．MaryC (词数：约190；建议用时：8分钟)One day，the father of a very rich family took his son on a trip to the countryside. He wanted to show his son how poor people lived. They spent a few days and nights on the farm. After they came back from their trip，the father asked his son，“How do you like our trip？”“It is great，Dad.”“Do you see how poor people live？” the father asked.“Oh，yeah，” said the son.“So，tell me，what do you learn from the trip？” asked the father.“I see that we have one dog and they have four. We have a pool that reaches to the middle of our garden，and they have a river that has no end. We have beautiful lights in our garden，and they have the stars at night. We have a small piece of land to live on，and they have large fields. We have servants(仆人) to serve us，but they serve others. We have fences(栅栏) to protect us，and they have friends to protect them.”The boy's father was speechless.“Thanks，Dad，for showing me how poor we are，” said the son.61．Why did the father take his son to the countryside?A．He wanted him to enjoy the beauty of the countryside.B．He hoped that his son could help those poor people.C．He wanted to show his son how poor people lived in the countryside.D．He hoped that his son could get a new idea of the countryside.62．After the trip，the son thought ________.A．what a poor life he hadB．how great his father wasC．he should take good care of his rich lifeD．he should thank his father for giving him the happy life63．From the passage，we know the people in the countryside ________.A．often went on a trip in the cityB．had more beautiful lights in their gardensC．had smaller land to live on than the people in the cityD．must be happy because they had friends to protect them64．How did the father feel after he heard his son's answer?A．Happy.B．Surprised.C．Excited.D．Angry.65．What does the story tell us?A．The rich and the poor are the same.B．The rich and the poor should help each other.C．The real rich people are those who are rich at heart.D．The people in the countryside live a hard life.八、补全对话(有两项多余)(每小题2分，共10分)A：How was your day off, Larry? Did you have a good time?B：Oh，no! ________(66)A：Really? What happened?B：Well，we went camping and the weather was terrible.________(67)A：Oh，that's too bad.B：Ugh! Because the weather was so bad, we went for a drive.________(68) It was reallyboring.A：Sounds terrible, Larry.B：How about your day off, Tony?A：It was terrible! I studied very hard for my math test last week.________(69) When Iwoke up, it was already 12 o'clock.I got up and went to my friend Dave's house, buthe wasn't there.________(70)B：So what did you do then?A：I helped my mom and dad clean the yard.B：Sounds like a busy day off.A．But I don't like driving.B．There were many people there.C．It was quite awful.D．He was at the beach!E．I felt really excited.F．So I slept late.G．It rained and rained all day long.九、词汇运用(每小题1分，共10分)(一)根据汉语提示完成句子71．I want to go on vacation but I can't________(决定) when to go.72．Can you find any________(不同点) between the twin brothers?73．We have lots of ________(活动) after school.We like them very much.74．You can see an old museum between the two tall ________(建筑物)．75．I want to buy an________(雨伞). The old one is broken.(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空76．That was an________(enjoy) experience for me.77．Do you keep________(diary) every day?78．I________(wonderful) who can help us do that.79．I can learn English by________(I)．80．Is your father a________(trade) or a teacher?十、综合运用(每小题1分，共10分)(词数：约100；建议用时：5分钟)Last month we had a w________(81)time on Mount Tai. The weather there w________(82)very nice. When we a________(83), we began to climb the mountain. It took us the whole night to get to the t________(84) of the mountain.In the morning, we s________(85) the sea of clouds on Mount Tai. In the daytime we visited a temple(寺庙). In the evening, we had a big d________(86) in a local restaurant.The food tasted delicious because we were so h________(87). But the next day it began to rain. B________(88) of the heavy rain, we d________(89) to stay there for another day.I like climbing Mount Tai and I think the t________(90) was quite enjoyable.十一、书面表达(10分)今天是7月5日，星期日。
人教版八年级上册英语单元测试题全套(含答案)
人教版八年级上册英语单元测试题全套（含答案）人教版八年级英语上册单元测试题Unit 1第二卷笔试部分(95分)二、单项选择(每小题1分，计10分)26. —Jack, you swam very well. Who taught you?—Nobody. I taught ____.A. IB. meC. myselfD. mine27. —Helen, did you do ____ last weekend?—Yes, I visited my grandparents in the countryside.A. anything specialB. something specialC. special anythingD. special something28. —What can you see from the top of the mountain?—We can see a lake____ us.A. pastB. acrossC. alongD. below29. —What do you think of the movie?—It's____ for me. I got____ when I was in the cinema (电影院).A. boring; boringB. boring; boredC. bored; boringD. bored; bored30. —Why does little Tom's father not let him use the computer?—Because his father thinks Tom is not ____.A. old enoughB. enough oldC. young enoughD. enough young31. —Does Sally have many friends in her class?—No, she has____ because she is shy and quiet.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. less32. —You seem____ Faye Wong's songs very much.—That's true. She is my favorite singer.A. to practiceB. to enjoyC. practicingD. enjoying33. —Alex，____ helped you clean the classroom yesterday?—Yes, Mike did.A. someoneB. anyoneC. everyoneD. no one34. —Did you go to the mountain with your parents, Tom?—____. We went to the Science Museum.A. Yes, I didB. Yes, I wasC. No, I didn'tD. No, I wasn't35. —Did you go anywhere interesting this summer vacation?—____. I only stayed at home to study for the test.A. Of courseB. No problemC. Not reallyD. Sounds great三、完形填空(每小题1分，计10分)Some vacations are good but some are __36__. Here I'd like to share (分享) some good places to go on vacation with you.The first place is Niagara Falls. There are so __37__ things to do and see. I took a boat ride there. The boat went under the falls. It was exciting __38__ kind of scary. My dad was afraid of it, so he just stood nearby.When night __39__，the falls looked beautiful because of colorful lights (灯). The only bad thing was the expensive __40__. And it tasted bad!Another place is Washington, D. C. There we __41__ in a nice hotel. We took one tour bus (观光车) and saw __42__ great around the city. We also saw the White House. It __43__ very beautiful, but we didn't get into it.The __44__ one is Ocean City, Maryland. Although we only had a oneday trip, it was great. The beach was beautiful! We went for a long walk and took lots of photos. Then we went to many different __45__ there. Unluckily (不幸地), my parents only bought me a hat!36. A. bad B. cheap C. short D. interesting37. A. few B. little C. many D. much38. A. or B. but C. so D. as39. A. went B. came C. left D. got40. A. food B. price C. car D. weather41. A. reached B. took C. stayed D. had42. A. everything B. anyone C. nobody D. nothing43. A. saw B. felt C. looked D. sounded44. A. first B. second C. only D. last45. A. zoos B. shops C. parks D. hotels四、阅读理解(每小题2分，计30分)A. TianjinB. BeijingC. NanjingD. Shanghai47. What was the weather like on Saturday?A. Fine.B. Cool.C. Rainy.D. Snowy.48. What did the writer have for lunch on Sunday?A. Hamburgers and salad.B. Some fruit and vegetables.C. An egg and an apple.D. Noodles, chicken and ice cream.49. They visited the Great Wall on____.A. ThursdayB. FridayC. SaturdayD. Sunday50. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The writer didn't go swimming on Friday afternoon.B. The writer watched an exciting movie on Sunday evening.C. Although it was fine on Sunday, they stayed in the camp.D. The writer and his friends had fun in Beijing.BI'm Sharon. One of my favorite countries to go on vacation is China. After falling in love with the country on the business (生意) trip two years ago, I took my children to China last summer.We visited three cities, but Xi'an was the most interesting one. This old city is amazing and our children loved to ride bicycles on the famous City Wall. The wall is about 14 kilometers long and it has a very long history. Visitors can rent bicycles there and it is very cheap. And on each corner (街角) you can take a rest and enjoy a bottle of cold water, because it was very hot when we visited it in July. Trust (相信) me, your children will love the trip!…………………Comments (评论)…………………Reply (回复)TinaAug 31, 2019Hi, Sharon! I also think China is a great country to visit. We just came back from Beijing and we had great fun. Next time, we'll go to Xi'an on vacation. Can you tell me some other interesting activities in Xi'an?ReplySharonSept 1, 2019Hi, Tina! I'm glad that you love China, too. I think you can try some Chinese food in Xi'an. There are also a lot of places of interest in Xi'an. I'm sure you'll love them!51. When did Sharon go to China for a business trip?A. In 2013.B. In 2015.C. In 2017.D. In 2019.52. What does the underlined word“rent” mean in Chinese?A. 购买B. 修理C. 组装D. 租用53. Which is NOT true about the City Wall?A. It's long.B. It's new.C. It's in Xi'an.D. It's famous.54. Sharon told Tina to____ in Xi'an.A. go shoppingB. ride bicyclesC. climb the mountainD. visit its places of interest55. Where can we read it?A. On the Internet.B. In a diary.C. In an e-mail.D. In a storybook.CDo you go shopping and buy things on sale？Here are some tips to help you get the most and the best goods(货物) with your money.Shop around.A “sale”price isn't always the “best”price. Some shops may put a sale price on the goods that you want for a limited(有限的) time. Other shops may have a sale price on the goods every day.Read the sale ads.Some ads may say “quantities limited”，so make sure the shop has the goods you want before you go in.Think of your time and travel costs.If something is on sale but the shop is in another town，think about your time and the costs of transportation.Go online.If you decide to buy something from an online shop，keep the delivery(递送) costs in mind.Think about bargain goods.The shops sell these things to make you buy more goods. For example, “Buy One, Get One Free”. If you don't really want or need the thing，it's not a good idea.56. Why should we read the sale ads when we buy things on sale?A. Because you have to make sure the shop has the goods you want.B. Because the sale price isn't always the best price.C. Because you have to think of your time and travel costs.D. Because you need to think of the delivery costs as well.57. What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “quantities”？A. 数量B. 速度C. 交通D. 力量58. The passage tells us ____ tips to help us buy the most and the best goods.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 659. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. You shouldn't buy as many bargain goods as you can.B. The “sale” price is always the “best” price.C. Some shops may put a sale price on the goods every day.D. It's not always good to go a long way to buy something cheap.60. The best title for the passage is “____”.A. How to ShopB. Online ShoppingC. Go ShoppingD. Sale Shopping五、阅读还原(每小题2分，计10分)Deborah and Paul Evans enjoyed life. They loved nature and outdoor activities，especially hiking(远足). 61. ________ When they went hiking, they always took their dog Buddy. Buddy was a large sheepdog. He loved Deborah and Paul. 62. ________One day during the summer vacation, they decided to hike to South Mountain. Before starting their trip, they saw a piece of news on TV. 63. “________We advise(建议)hikers to be away fromSouth Mountain，”said the news reporter. “If so, how about going there another day？”Deborah said in a small voice. “Don't worry. I'm sure we'll be safe，”said Paul. “64. ________”In the end, they set off with Buddy.At about 5 pm, Deborah, Paul and Buddy made it to the top of the mountain. Soon after, they heard a big noise. A mountain lion did jump out. It ran towards Deborah. 65. ________He scared the lion away. Deborah and Paul were very thankful to Buddy. How lucky they were to have such a brave dog!六、补全对话(根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项使对话内容完整。
人教版八年级语文上册单元测试题及答案
部编人教版八年级语文上册单元测试题第一单元检测卷(时间:90分钟满分:120分)一、积累与运用(28分)1.下列加点字的读音,完全正确的一项是(2分)( D )A.仲裁(zhòng) 溃退(kuì)要塞(sè)一丝不苟(ɡǒu)B.气氛(fēn)慷慨(kǎi)镌刻(juān)屏息敛声(píng)c.由衷(zhōng)翘首(qiáo)悄然(qiāo)殚精竭虑(dān)D.桅杆(wéi)咆哮(páo)默契(qì)锐不可当(dāng)导析:D A项,“塞”应读作sài;B项,“屏”应读作bǐng;c项,“悄”应读作qiǎo。
2.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是(2分)( B )A.泄气督战遗嘱眼花撩乱B.凌空轻盈安慰如梦初醒c.凛烈澎湃承载振耳欲聋D.绽放沸腾轨迹无怨无侮导析:B A项,“眼花撩乱”应为“眼花缭乱”;c项,“凛烈”应为“凛冽”,“振耳欲聋”应为“震耳欲聋”;D项,“无怨无侮”应为“无怨无悔”。
3.下列句中加点成语使用不正确的一项是(2分)( c )A.我们去采访那位老兵,当年惊心动魄的战争场面,他还是记忆犹新。
B.恒大队锐不可当,尤其是那几位年轻中国小将的表现,让人们看到了中国足球的未来。
c.冯小刚导演的电影《芳华》热播以来,广大市民对该节目的热衷程度可谓迫在眉睫。
D.站在左宗棠故居前,我不禁浮想联翩,时空转换,似乎看见了这位伟人驰骋疆场的英姿。
导析:c “迫在眉睫”形容事情已到眼前,情势十分紧迫,用在此处不合语境。
4.(2017荆州)下列各句中,没有语病的一项是(2分)( D )A.最近的市场调查显示,大众购买低价艺术品,很重要的一个原因是出于装饰家居的需要,这种消费现象值得商家重视。
B.歼-31在珠海航展的公开亮相,表明我国已经成为继美国和俄罗斯之后第三个具备出口隐身战斗机的国家。
c.为了能在中考中取得好成绩,从现在起到明年五月份,学校宣布将对学生的用餐、睡眠和学习作出统一科学的安排。
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（）11..The glass of water is too hot. Would you please give me some cold1---3单元测试八年级下册英语第water ?A.drinkB.drinking 一单项选择。
（15分）C.to drink —Kelly, who's the girl__________glasses inD.drunk（）1.（）the photo?12.It's easy the problem.A.for him solve It's me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.一B.for him to solve -C.of him solvingD. withA. byB. ofC. onD.of him to solve（）13.You should （）2 .How do you like Li Yundi?smoking. It's bad for your health.A.get up His music______ really beautiful.B.put up - A cool guy!C.give up C. smells A. tastes B. soundsD. looksD.look up（）14..I hope 3.M um （），I'm not feeling well. you next Sunday. A.see B.to see ________—Oh, dear!B. Not at all.C. All right.A. What's wrong? C.seesD.seeing（）15.—Could you please pass me the book?— 4. Young people today _____posting wonderful articles （）and beautifulA.Yes, I could.B.No, I couldn't. to share with friends. the onto photos micromes- sage(微信）C.Sure, here you are. B. are used to C. are worried aboutD.No, that's no problem. A. are afraid of（whichmakes him a successful singer.（）5.Andrea Bocelli never_______ ，）16. Here's so much rubbish. Could you please ____________?A. give ou it A. takes awayB. gives away B. give it outC. take out it C. gets upD. gives upD. take it out（）17.---Could you please fold the clothes, Mary? ）（ 6. Toour__________, the little girl is the first to go to bed.---__________.C. surprisedD. surprisingB. surprise A. surprises A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn't7. --What did your sister do?（） C. Yes, sure D. No, I won'thome. —-She_________the bus at the bus stop and went （）18. ---Could you please sweep the floor? ---___________. I'm washing theshirt.B. got up A. got to D. got offC. got downA. Yes, sure What did you see? —8. （）B. No problemI saw many boys________ games near the river. —C. Sorry, I couldn't D. No, I can't（）19. ---Could you please _________your bike here?B. playing A. playedC. playsD. to playA. don't stopB. not to stop ）（9.Our parents often tell us not alone in the river in summer.C. not stop B.to swim A.swimD. not stopping（ C.swimming D.swam）20. ---Could I _________your bicycle?（my homework every day.10.It takes me two hours ）---Sure, and you can _________for a week.B.to do A.doing A. borrow, borrow B. borrow, keepD. lend, borrowC. lend, lendD.doesC.did（）21. _________of the two boys is from America. They're from Canada. （）33. We should _________the windows open to __________freshair in.C. NeitherD. All A. Both B. EitherA. keep, makeB. keep, let ）22. I won't visit her this weekend. Jack won't,_________. （C. make, makeD. too D. make, getA. bothB. eitherC. neither（（）23. ---I didn't get to school late this morning. ---__________. ）34. ---Do you mind _________your room?--- No, I'll do that after finishing _________this article.D. Neither was I B. Me neither A. Me too C. Me eitherA. clean, writeB. clean, writing If you don't put up the signs after school,___________.（）24.C. cleaning, write B. so will JimD. cleaning, writing A. so does Jim（ C. neither does Jim D. neither will Jim ）35. The harder you study,__________grades you'll get.A. goodB. betterC. best （）25. Mary will make a plan as soon as she ____________her homework.D. the better二、完形填空 C. will finish D. finished (共10分)A. finishesB. finishMr. and Mrs. Green were very worried about their son, Leo. HeI'm going to the shopping center. （）26. ---seemed to be ---___________you're there, could you buy some fruit forme?dumb( 哑的）16 D. As soon as he was normal in every other way. Mr. and Mrs. Green A. When B. After C. Whiletried （everything to get him to 17 ,but with no success.When Leo was six years 27. The teacher always tells us _________time _________computer games. ）old, the best doctors in the town 18 A. don't waste, to play B. don't waste, playing him carefully, but could find nothing wrong.And he seemed to be smart. It was just that he _19 D. not to waster, playing C. not to waste, to play spoke.“There might be something wrong with his 20 ，and he doesn't know he's able to 28. __________ good grades, you should try to study harder. （）speak，'，one doctor said.“But he can read and write，，，said D. Got C. Getting B. In order to get A. Get Mr. Green. “We'vewritten him notes, telling him that he can speak. ”“It's certainly very 21 ，”another29. I'm going to take a vacation. Could you please __________me ）（doctor said. Perhaps he'll be able to speak some day. ”22 passed. Leo went to_________some information about interesting places to travel?university. But he did not say a B. offer, for A. offer, to 23 word. Then one day,Leo was having a meal withhis parents. Without any warning, he looked up from C. provide, with D. provide, for his 24 and said，“Pass methe salt,please. ”）（30. ---Could I watch TV?Mr. and Mrs. Green were excited. “You spoke! You spoke!”they cried. “Why have---No, you ________. You _________finish your homework first.you 25 A. can't, must B. can't, can so long to speak?”“I didn't have anything to say，，，he said. “Until noweverything was perfect. But you forgot to put salt in potatoes. ” C. couldn't, must D. couldn't, can（）16. A. because . “When did you come home _________school yesterday?”she asked me ）（31 B. when C. though D. before（）17.A. speak B. walk _________surprise. C. play D. laugh（ D. from, in C. to, in A. to, with B. from, with ）18. A. taught B. found C. examined D. asked. Don't _________your cut wet when doing chores, Henry.）（32（）19. A. never B. often C. usually D. alwaysD. mindD. keep B. make A. get C. let B. hair C. face ）（20.A. backC. noisy B. strange 21. A. unfair ）（．Bus service around Taiwan. Best tour guide service.D. Years C. Months ）22. A. Hours B. Weeks （PlacesD. new B. right C. single （）23. A. goodA beautiful lake. A small island. On one side of the island, D. books Sun and Moon Lake G. hands ）（24. A. chair B. mealthe lake looks like the sun, on the other side it looks like the moon. That is why people C. served D. waited （）25. A. slept B. walkedcall the lake Sun and Moon Lake.40分）2 分，共三、阅读理解（每小题The nearest mountain around Sun and Moon Lake.A nice Ali Mountain AFirst,you It's important for us to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy? experience to have a party with Gaoshan people. A wonderful place to see a very beautiful sunrise.three or four times a week. Then eat some tofu every should eat fruit and vegetables 必day because it's good for people, both the young and the old. Milk is also necessary(A great place for swimming, fishing, boating and eating delicious Peng Lakeresh fish.women. So you should have milk twice & day. It can help fruit and f要的），especially forA full day to go shopping. you to be strong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exercises Gao XiongBook nowor evening exercises. After supper you should take a walk.4:00 pm—7:00 pm; Saturday: 9:00 amthree or four times a week.（）26. You should eat_______ —Office hour Monday—Friday: 9:00 amTel: 6459-9561B. vegetables and mutton A. fruit and fishBook by phone now for next month. Sold out this month D. fruit and vegetablesC. tofu31.Which is the biggest island of China?______（）（27. Tofu is good for ）______.B.Hainan Island. A.Taiwan Island. A. young people B. old people D.Huangyan Island.C.Diaoyu Island. C. young and old peopleD. students32.If you go on a trip in Taiwan, where can you see the beautiful）（（）28. Why do people have milk?sunrise?________ B. It's a kind of drink. s delicious. A. It，D. It can help you keep strong.C. It's bad for you. B.On Ali Mountain. A.On Sun and Moon Lake.Gao Xiong. 29. You should have milk ） D.In C.On Peng Lake. .（.A. four times a day 33.The writer of this passage wants to weekB. five times a （）C. twice a day A.have more people to join the tourD. twice a weekB.tell you something about Taiwan）30. The passage mainly tells us__________.（B. what health isC.ask people not to trouble them on Sunday A. how to keep healthyD.describe how beautiful Taiwan isC. why health is importantD. how often you can eat tofu.34.If you want to visit Taiwan this month, you have to B）（A.visit their office on Saturday Have you ever been to Taiwan, the biggest island of China? Do you want to visithe best Taiwan Island.there? We'll show you tB.phone the number 6459-9561C.turn to some other travel agencies On a four-day tour.D.pay more to cover the same tour: Only Price5,000￥: Round-way plane tickets between Beijing and Taiwan.Including（）35.If you are asked to add a sentence on top of this piece of writing, which of DWhen I was about 12，a girl in my class liked to point out (the following would be the most proper?_________ 指出）my problems.I was too thin；I wasn't a good student；I talked too much；I was too proud (骄傲），A.Taiwan is Part of Chinaand so on. At last，I became very angry and ran to my father.B.Take the Time to Learn in Your HolidayHe listened to me quietly. Then he asked, “Are these things true or not? Do youC.The Biggest Island of Chinaknow what you are really like? Go and make a list of what she said and find the thingse and Join Us for Your Holidaythat are true. ”CI did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered (发现）Do you know the story about Vince? It was a true story. Vince was an English boy that about half ofthe things were true. Some of them I couldn't change (改变)(like being very thin). But and he was eight years old. He didn't like soap or water. Three or four times a day his mother said to him, “Vince, your hands are very dirty again.”Go and wash them. ”But there were things I could and wanted to change. For the first time, I got a clear pictureof myself.Vince never washed them well. He only put his hands in the water for a few secondsI brought the list back to Dad. He didn't take it, “That's just for you，”he said and then took them out again.“You know the truth (Vince's uncle and aunt lived in another city. One day they came to stay with 真相）about yourself better than anyone else. When people sayht their small son, Toby, with them. Toby was seven Vince's parents, and they brougsomething that is true about you，you should find it helpful. '，Our world is full of people who think they know your matter. Don't be angry years old and he didn't like soap or water, either.and feel hurt. Listen to them.The boys sat with their parents for a few minutes and then they went outside.根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。