2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试技术经济学考研真题试卷

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2014年上海海事大学考研真题管理学

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码810 考试科目名称管理学一、简答题（30分，每题5分）1．管理人员的选拔适合从哪些方面去考虑？2．简述德尔菲法的概念和步骤。

3．影响管理幅度的因素主要有哪些？4．简述前馈控制的优点和难点。

5．明茨伯格的研究显示管理者会扮演哪些角色？6．管理人员应如何进行信息的评估？二、选择题（40分，每题2分）1．霍桑实验表明（）A．非正式组织对组织目标的达成是有害的B．正式组织对组织目标的达成是有益的C．企业应采取一切措施来取缔非正式组织D．企业应该正视非正式组织的存在2．预测既是计划工作的前提条件，又是计划工作的（）A．组成部分B．基础C．结果D．保证3．授权时应依被授权者的才能和知识水平高低而定，这是授权原则的（）A．扬长避短B．因人设职，视能授权C．任人唯贤D．因事设人，视能授权4．因领导者的特殊品格、个性或个人魅力而形成的权力是（）A．法定权B．奖励权C．强制权D．统御权5．下列方法中属于风险型决策的方法是（）A．决策树法B．线性规划法C．小中取大法D．量本利分析法6．下列各项不属于双因素理论所指的激励因素的是（）A．工作本身B．同事关系C．承认D．晋升7．管理控制工作的一般程序是（）A．建立控制标准、分析差异产生原因、采取矫正措施B．采取矫正措施、分析差异产生原因、建立控制标准C．建立控制标准、采取矫正措施、分析差异产生原因D．分析差异产生原因、采取矫正措施、建立控制标准8．管理创新的基准和出发点是（）A．创新条件B．创新内容C．创新原则D．创新方法9．企业把客户、销售代理商、供应商、协助单位纳入生产体系，同他们建立起利益共享的合作伙伴关系，进而组成一个企业的供应链，这是（）A．精益生产B．同步工程C．敏捷制造D．企业流程再造10．一家产品单一的跨国公司在世界许多地区拥有客户和分支机构，该公司的组织结构应该考虑按照什么因素来划分（）A．职能B．产品C．地区D．矩阵结构11．采取工作轮换的方式来培养管理人员的最大优点是有助于（）A．提供受训者的业务专精能力B．减轻上级领导的工作压力C．增强受训者的综合管理能力D．考察受训者的高层管理能力12．作为公司经理，当你发现公司内部存在许多小团体时，你应该（）A．立即宣布这些小团体非法并予以取缔B．深入调查，找出小团体的领导人，向他们发出警告，不要再搞小团体C．只要小团体不影响企业正常运行，可以不闻不问、听之任之D．正视小团体存在的客观性，允许乃至鼓励小团体的存在，对其加以积极引导13．关于组织文化的特征，下列说法中不正确的是（）A．组织文化的中心是人本文化B．组织文化的管理方式以柔性管理为主C．组织文化的核心是组织精神D．组织文化的重要任务是增强群体凝聚力14．权变理论的提出者是（）A．布莱克B．菲德勒C．勒温D．施米特15．某企业对生产车间的工作条件进行了改善，这是为了更好地满足职工的（）A．生理需求B．安全需求C．感情需求D．尊重需求16．向新来的员工支付比最低工资高一些的工资，由此推断该管理者接受的是（）A．功利观B．权利观C．公平理论观D．综合社会理论观17．所谓的“跳一跳，摘桃子”指的是目标的（）A．可考核性B．可接受性C．挑战性D．层次性18．若较低层次做出的决策比较重要、影响面较大，则该组织的权力划分特征为（）A．分权程度较高B．集权程度较高C．集权分权程度相当D．分权程度较弱19．双向网络沟通中，倾向于集权化的沟通方式是（）A．圆型B．轮型C．星型D．风车型20．罚款属于管理方法中的（）A．法律方法B．经济方法C．教育方法D．行政方法三、论述题（40分，每题10分）1．管理的基本职能有哪些？试述这些基本职能间的关系。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试法语考研真题试卷

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码252 考试科目名称法语Ⅰ.根据需要在空格中填入du, de la, des ou de。

（每空格1分，共7分）Patricia : Cet après-midi, on sort faire ____1____courses ?Luc : Il y a_____2____tennis à la télé, un match ____3_____tennis important, la finale dames. Patricia : Oui, mais il y a aussi une émission ____4_____variétés, avec ___5_____artistes connus. Luc : Ecoute, ce genre_____6_____ programme, on peut le voir toute l’année.Patricia : Bon, regarde ton match. Moi, je vais écouter_____7_____musique.Ⅱ.将括弧内动词不定式改为合适形式。

（每空格1.5分，共15分）1.Il voit son amie (rentrer)_________chez lui.2.Samedi dernier, nous (faire) ___________ une excursion en auto.3.Quand on a fermél’usine oùtravaillait son mari, elle (venir d’être hospitalisé)_________.4.J'ai entendu dire que les délégués de Shanghai (partir) _________ pour Beijing demain.5.Ces machines (réparer)__________ par un jeune ouvrier il y a trois jours.6.Si vous ne prenez pas ce chemin, vous (s'écarter)__________ beaucoup.7.Après (finir) _________ leurs devoirs, les étudiants sont allés au terrain de sport.8.Ne partez pas sans que je le (savoir)__________.9.Chaque fois qu'ils (remplir) __________ une tâche, ils en faisaient le bilan.10. Il ferme les yeux comme s’il （dormir）_________.Ⅲ.根据需要在空格中填入适当的形容词。

上海海事大学行政法2014年—2018年考研真题考研试题

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目：行政法一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1、行政信息公开2、比例原则3、行政合同4、行政征收二、简答题（每题20分，共40分）1、请简要评析“行政主体是行政机关、授权组织和公务员”。

2、简述行政诉讼法所规定的中“行政复议改变原具体行政行为”的情形。

三、论述题（每题30分，共60分）1、试述行政行政的成立要件与合法要件。

2、论行政自由裁量权及其法律控制。

四、案例分析（本题30分）朱本与朱玲系兄妹，住H市A县B乡。

2001年8月，朱玲申请宅基地，恐村委不批准，就和哥哥商量，以朱本名义申请宅基地。

9月，A县政府为朱本颁发了“AB第7号集体土地使用证”（下称7号证）。

朱本持有7号证，土地由妹妹使用。

2001年12月份，朱玲在该土地上种了梧桐树。

2013年8月，朱本以侵权为由，自行砍伐掉梧桐树并将朱玲告至A县法院，请求法院判令被告停止侵权。

朱玲以刚知道A县政府颁发给朱本7号证为由，在接到民事诉状次日向法院提起行政诉讼，要求法院撤销A县政府于2001年9月向朱本颁发的7号证。

A县法院裁定中止朱本诉朱玲侵权一案的审理，待朱玲诉A县政府、第三人朱本行政案件审结之后，再行恢复审理。

2013年10月，A法院经审理后认为，原告朱玲与集体土地使用证有事实和法律上的利害关系，有权对A县政府的行政行为提起行政诉讼，原告朱玲的起诉并没有超过诉讼时效，被告A县政府仅根据《土地登记规则》、《土地管理法》就给朱本颁发7号证，属于事实不清、程序错误，遂判决撤销A县政府于2001年9月为朱本颁发的7号证。

2013年10月26号，A县政府向H市中院提出上诉。

问题：1. A县法院裁定中止行政案件的审理是否正确？为什么？2. A县法院认为朱玲与7号证有事实和法律上的利害关系，该看法是否正确？为什么？3. A县法院认为朱玲有权提起行政诉讼，该看法是否正确？为什么？4. A县法院认为朱玲的起诉并没有超过诉讼时效，该看法是否正确？为什么？5. A县法院撤销A县政府于2001年9月为朱本颁发的7号证，该判决是否正确？为什么？撤销判决的适用情形是什么？6. A县政府为朱本颁发的7号证是否合法？为什么？。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试海商法考研真题试题答卷

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码819考试科目名称海商法（答卷）一单项选择题（20分）1 根据我国法律，下列哪一项关于提单转让的表述是错误的？DA 记名提单不得转让B 指示提单可以经过记名背书转让C 指示提单可以经过空白背书转让D 不记名提单应当经过空白背书转让2 下列关于汉堡规则的表述，错误的是。

AA 我国积极推动并参加了反映第三世界国家利益的汉堡规则B 汉堡规则对承运人责任的归责原则是完全过错责任制C “实际承运人”是汉堡规则的发明D 汉堡规则规定的火灾损失的举证责任有利于承运人3 根据我国法律规定，对于船舶碰撞，下列情况中的哪一种我国法院具有管辖权？DA 碰撞发生在我国水域B 当事船舶之一悬挂我国国旗C 在公海碰撞后，当事船舶之一最先抵达我国港口D 以上全对4 对于获救满日的船舶和其他财产，如果被救助方不支付救助款项也不提供满意的担保，救助方可以申请法院裁定强制拍卖。

AA 九十B 三十C 一百二十D 十五5 根据我国海商法的规定，对于取得防止或减少环境污染损害效果，有权获得特别补偿时，救助方在何种情况下，可将特别补偿数额增加到救助费用的100％？ BA 根据船舶所有人和救助方的共同申请B 法院或仲裁机构认为适当C 根据救助方的申请D 以上全错6 下列哪种情况，属于可以构成共同海损的危险？DA 船舶在航行途中主机因故障而停机，但当时风平浪静，天气及海况都非常良好B 船上装运的一批活动物突然发生瘟疫，需立即驶往一个港口进行紧急处理，否则该批动物将全部死亡C 一重载船舶在港停泊过程中，船舶坐浅在泊位上，但专家估计不会对船舶产生太大影响，且水深恢复后，船舶可自然浮起D 船舶在海上航行过程中遭遇大风浪，风力超过11级，浪高达5米以上，船舶不得不绕航驶往一个避风港避风7 发生共同海损后签署的“不分离协议”是。

BA 转运船和货方签署的有关转运的协议B 货方应参加共同海损分摊的协议C 船方不应参加共同海损分摊的协议D 港方应参加共同海损的分摊的协议8 最早采纳“喜马拉雅条款”的海事赔偿责任限制国际立法是。

上海海事大学民法2014年—2018年考研真题考研试题

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）
考试科目代码623 考试科目名称民法
一、名词解释（共8小题，每小题5分，总分40分）
1.自助行为
2.回赎
3.除斥期间
4.连带责任
5.同时履行抗辩权
6.消极侵权行为
7.占有改定
8.行纪
二、问答题（共5小题，每小题12分，总分60分）
1.民法上的物有哪些法律特征？
2.试述效力待定法律行为与可撤销民事行为的区别。

3.简述代理权滥用的构成条件及类型。

4.试述死亡宣告撤销的法律后果。

5.简述预期违约的概念和特点。

三、论述题（共1小题，总分25分）
1.试论按份共有人的权利和义务。

1 / 2。

上海海事大学法理学2014年—2018年考研真题试题

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）
考试科目代码825 考试科目名称《法理学》
一、名词解释题（30分）
1.（6分）法系
2. （6分）普遍管辖原则
3. （6分）准用性规则
4. （6分）法的规范作用
5．（6分）法律责任
二、简答题（50分）
1.（10分）简述奥斯丁在法学方面的贡献。

2. （10分）何为法律关系？简述法律关系之要素，并试举一例具体分析。

3. （10分）何为法的效力等级？简述确定法的效力等级通常应遵循的原则。

4. （10分）简述法律原则和法律规则的主要区别。

5．（10分）简述法治和法制的区别和联系。

三、论述题（40分）
1.（20分）有位知名的法理学教授曾说过，每一位法学家都要对什么是法律进行论述，在法学领域，基本上没有什么问题比“法律是什么”这个问题得到更多的考虑和回答。

为什么会有这样的观点？你认为什么是法律？
2. （20分）试论述司法权的性质和特征。

四、案例分析题（30分）
单双号限行制度是为了缓解城市交通压力以及缓解空气重污染的一种交通制度，即车辆限行区域内按“单日单号车通行，双日双号车通行”原则，实施单双号限行措施。

据了解，目前，包括北京、保定、济南、南昌、兰州、长春、杭州、贵阳等城市已相继出台了汽车限行令。

对此，有人认为，单双号限行侵犯了公民用车自由；有人认为，这一措施能起到立竿见影的作用，对社会的积极作用明显。

问题：运用法理学有关理论和知识，谈谈你对前述材料的看法。

要求：题目可自拟，字数不少于350字；说理充分，逻辑严谨，语言流畅，表达准确。

上海海事大学经济法2014年—2018年考研真题考研试题

二、简答题（共 6 小题，每小题 10 分，共 60 分） 1. 列举并解释经营者集中的三种类型。 2. 我国《反垄断法》规定了那几种垄断行为？ 3. 列举《消费者权益保护法》规定的经营者的义务。 4. 列举广义的不正当竞争行为。 5. 列举银行监管的职责。 6. 列举《价格法》规定的价格调控制度。
现，部分港口存在涉嫌违反《反垄断法》的行为，反垄断部门要求涉案港口按照《反垄断法》立即进行全面整改。
此次调查发现上海港、天津港等港口存在涉嫌违反《反垄断法》的问题主要包括：要求船舶公司使用本港下属企业提供的拖轮、理货、船代等服务；对本地外贸集装箱收取过高的装卸作业费；向交易对象附加强制拆箱理货、不竞争条款、忠诚条款等不合理交易条件等。
二、简答题（共 6 小题，每小题 10 分，共 60 分） 1．我国增值税的纳税主体是谁？征税范围是什么？ 2. 列举财政调控的主要制度。 3. 列举外汇领域的金融调控调控涉及的主要领域。 4．我国《反不正当竞争法》规定了经营者不得从事哪几种有奖销售？ 5. 我国《证券法》禁止的操纵证券市场的行为有哪些？ 6. 列举我国预算支出的六种形式。
2018 年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
（重要提示：答案必须做在题纸上，做在试题上不给分）
考试科目代码 818
考试科目名称经济法
一、名词解释（共 6 小题，每小题 5 分，共 30 分） 1. 经济法主体的二元结构 2. 营业税 3. 金融调控 4. 中央银行 5. 公开市场操作 6. 房产税
二、简答题（共 6 小题，每小题 10 分，共 60 分） 1.简述财政政策的目标和工具。 2.简述货币政策的目标。 3.简述产品缺陷的损害赔偿责任的归责原则。 4.列举金融市场监管的主要内容。 5.简述税法的构成要素。 6.简述行政性垄断及行政性垄断行为的类型。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试汉语写作考研真题试卷

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）
考试科目：汉语写作
一、根据下面的提供的材料，撰写一份600字左右的请示。

（40分） 1．内容
省级重点工程东平湖水库防汛改造工程自开工以来，各项工作进展顺利，现已完成黄河滩区和东平湖区的群众安迁工作，完成建筑土石方50万立方米、堤段5000米。

汛期即将来临，为加快工程建设，需要准备充足的建筑材料，但由于市场上建材价格上涨，省财政厅划拨的一千万元计划专款已远远不能满足工程建设的需要。

为此，承担此项目工程建设的东山县人民政府拟请东平市人民政府向天平省财政厅求援，希望再增拨专项资金三百万元，以求顺利完成防汛改造工程建设，确保东平湖两岸及周围几个市县人民生命财产的安全。

2.提示
（1）符合一般公文写作的基本格式与思路要求。

（2）请示原因、理由、要求等应适当展开叙述。

（3）注意叙述内容的具体性与叙述过程的条理性
二、下面是《庄子·秋水》中一段原文，请仔细阅读品味后，自拟题目写一篇800-1000字的议论文。

（60分）
秋水时至，百川灌河。

泾流之大，两涘渚崖之间，不辩牛马。

于是焉，河伯欣然自喜，以天下之美为尽在己。

顺流而东行，至于北海。

东面而视，不见水端。

于是焉，河伯始旋其面目，望洋向若而叹曰：“野语有之曰：‘闻道百，以为莫己若’者，我之谓也。

且夫我尝闻少仲尼之闻，而轻伯夷之义者，始吾弗信，今吾睹子之难穷也，吾非至于子之门，则殆矣，吾长见笑于大方之家。

”—《庄子·秋水》。

上海海事2014年MTI真题汇总

小（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码211 考试科目名称翻译硕士英语Part I Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.1.It is customary for the bride and groom to __________ their wedding ceremony the evening before theoccasion.A) rehearse B) reciteC) relieve D) reiterate2.The students dormitory is __________ to the school campus.A) adjunct B) absentC) adolescent D) adjacent3.The whole house was in a dilapidated condition; the door __________ on its hinges and the floorboardswere nearly rotten.A) screeched B) squealedC) squeaked C) sledged4.After Obama announced that he planned to run for president, the telephone at campaign headquarters rang__________.A) incisively B) incessantlyC) impartially D) impatiently5.Because she was a few minutes late, she __________ into class and sat in the back of the room.A) crawled B) tiptoedC) rambled D) stumbled6.During the long __________ last year, the farmers had to irrigate their crops.A) drought B) questC) threat D) sleet7.Almost every manager needs an assistant whom he can __________ to take care of problems that mayoccur in his absence.A) count to B) count onC) count for D) count of8.Tom doesn’t even know that angles of less than 90 degrees are called __________ angles.A) obtuse B) focalC) acute D) converging9.One of the __________at the post office is for local mail and the other one is for out-of-town mail.A) slides B) slatsC) slots D) slips10. It is important to boost the morale of the soldiers as low morale can render an army __________.A) sterile B) barrenC) dissolute D) impotent11.Schools should not __________ poor children of the opportunity for learning.A) deprive B) impressC) improvise D) derive12. As there were no other choices, we decided to pay for the furniture on the __________ plan.A) deposit B) debitC) installment D) creditrry was so __________ in his reading that he forgot about his meat cooking in the oven.A) enlivened B) engrossedC) engraved D) enlightened14.Finally, the powerful ruler __________ a rebellion and punished the instigators.A) supported B) reinstatedC) resigned D) suppressed15.The spy used a __________ name while dealing with his counterpart.A) fictitious B) fictileC) fidgety D) fiery16.Nothing is better than a cup of tea to __________ my thirst after playing tennis for two hours.A) quash B) quenchC) quit D) quell17.Christopher Columbus was the first person to __________ under the patronage of Queen Isabella of Spain.A) wander B) navigateC) circumvent D) explore18.After receiving the insulting letter, Ian became __________.A) fugitive B) revengefulC) resentful D) furious19.To some people in the west, marriage is an ___________ institution.A) obsolete B) ancientC) archaic D) extant20.The government is engaged in a project to __________ the hostile element of society.A) dignify B) pacifyC) satisfy D) certify21.The swimmer __________ from the water and climbed onto the boat.A) emerged B) submergedC) merged D) entered22.The city maintains very many Chinese traditions which are among the highest achievements of those whocreated the __________ we now enjoy.A) inheritance B) geneticsC) estate D) heritage23.She worked __________ from a desire to live a full life either in favorable or unfavorable conditions.A) assertively B) persistentlyC) resiliently D) insistently24.We have heard that his face was badly __________ in the crash last night.A) browsed B) breachedC) bruised D) brooded25.The very idea of your taking part in the beauty competition is __________.A) alphabetic B) absurdC) abnormal D) abrupt26.The clerk in the patent office said to his boss, “Look, I am not drunk. I’m as __________ as a judge.”A) sober B) steadyC) somber D) clear27.My continual __________ kept the other workmen awake at night during the past weeks when we werestaying together.A) snarling B) snoringC) sneering D) snoozing28.It is very convenient for you to replace any part of the machine, for they are all __________.A) mechanized B) normalizedC) standardized D) modernized29.She wants to set up a school to __________ her skills and knowledge to the young generation.A) impede B) inheritC) impart D) intervene30.He is considered one of the geniuses in our school, but I think his paintings are quite __________.A) meager B) mediumC) moderate D) mediocrePart II Reading Comprehension (40%) Directions:There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Items 31 to 34 are based on the following passage:Perhaps the most challenging is the set of skills required to produce a written assignment, the most common means by which student learning is evaluated. This demands a critical evaluation of a potentially large amount of required reading.The reading required to perform writing tasks requires a set of effective strategies with which many students may be unfamiliar. The texts themselves may vary greatly in both content and style from subject to subject but all require the same critical analysis of conceptually complicated material.Similarly, the experience of speaking before an audience will almost certainly be a new experience for most undergraduates. Again, students are expected to critically evaluate issues and to contribute to the discussion or analysis. Participation in these discussions often forms part of a student’s course assessment and those who fail to express themselves may gain lower grades.Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours perhaps illustrating the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, distributing reading material and giving out assignments. The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and wonders what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture with notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the student himself to understand.Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skill they need to be effectivelisteners and notetakers. If these are unavailable there are many useful study-skill guides which enable learners to practice these skills independently. In all cases it is important to tackle the problem before actually starting your studies. If you leave it until after your course begins, you may find that you are not able to study and to learn how to study at the same time.It is important to acknowledge that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skill required in college study. One way of overcoming these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skill classes which most institutions provide throughout the academic year. Another basic strategy is to find a study partner with whom it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.The acquisition of effective language and study skills is a process which continues throughout undergraduate life and is itself a fundamental component of a university education.31. The passage is mainly about ________.A) the necessity of getting much knowledgeB) the training of writing at collegeC) the importance of acquiring a set of effective study skillsD) the training of reading ability32.When a student has difficulties acquiring language skills, it is advisable for him orher to __________.A) turn to the teacher immediately B) exchange ideas with a partnerC) seek advice from books D) memorize more words33. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) Most students are confused by traditional teaching.B) Most teachers fail to teach students how to learn.C) Taking notes in class is not so important.C)Learning how to learn is just as important as what to learn.34. When speaking before an audience, it is important for a student to ________.A) give his own comments B) speak clearly enoughC) show his knowledge from books D) notice others’ reactionPassage 2Items 35 to 38 are based on the following passage:Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978—87 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace—all that re-engineering and downsizing—are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improvingquality can matter just as much.Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bon Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering” has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability. BBDO’s Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish —“the worst sort of ambulance-chasing”.35. According to the author, the American economic situation is___________.A) not as good as it seems B) at its turning pointC) much better that it seems D) near to complete recovery36. The official statistics on productivity growth ____________.A) exclude the usual rebound in a business cycleB) fall short of businessmen’s anticipationC) meet the expectation of business peopleD) fail to reflect the true state of economy37. The author raises the question “what about pain without gain” because _______.A) he questions the truth of “no gain without pain”B) he does not think the productivity revolution worksC) he wonders if the official statistics are misleadingD) he has conclusive evidence for the revival of business38. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A) Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.B) New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.C) The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long-term profitability.D) The consultants are a bunch of go-for-nothings.Passage 3Items 39 to 42 are based on the following passage:The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivation, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly—perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with those who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person—questions, self-disclosures and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are oftenimprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still known very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosures and truthful statements).39. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.C) One should not judge people by their appearance.D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality.40. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that __________.A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasionB) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directlyC) the best way to know a person is by making comparisonsD) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover41.In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’sopinion, are __________.A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt withB) barriers that should be done away withC) as significant as disclosures and truthful statementsD) things people should guard against42. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is _________.A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasionsB) to provide ways of how to obtain information about peopleC) to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s charactersD) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know peoplePassage 4Items 43 to 46 are based on the following passage:Dr. Thomas Starzl, like all the pioneers of organ transplantation, had to learn to live with failure. When he performed the world’s first liver transplant 25 years ago, the patient, a three-year-old boy, died on the operating table. The next four patients didn’t liv e long enough to get out of the hospital. But more determined than discouraged, Starzl and his colleagues went back to their lab at the University of Colorado Medical School. They devised techniques to reduce the heavy bleeding during surgery, and they worked on better ways to prevent the recipient’s immune system from rejecting the organ — an ever-present risk. Now, thanks to further refinements, about two thirds of all liver-transplant patients are living more than a year.But the triumphs of the transplant surgeons have created yet another tragic problem: a severe shortage of donor organs. “As the results get better, more people go on the waiting list and there’s wider disparity between supply and need,” says one doctor. The American Council on Transplan tation estimated that on any given day 15,000 Americans are waiting for organs. There is no shortage of actual organs; each year about 25,000 healthy people die unexpectedly in the United States, usually in accidents. The problem is that fewer than 20 percent become donors.This trend persists despite laws designed to encourage organ recycling. Under the federal UniformAnatomical Gift Act, a person can authorize the use of his organs after death by signing a statement. Legally, the next of kin can veto these posthumous gifts, but surveys indicate that 70 to 80 percent of the public would not interfere with a family member’s decision. The bigger roadblock, according to some experts, is that physicians don’t ask for donations, either because they fear offend ing grieving survivors or because they still regard some transplant procedures as experimental.When there aren’t enough organs to go round, distributing the available ones becomes a matter of deciding who will live and who will die. Once donors and potential recipients have been matched for body size and blood type, the sickest patients customarily go to the top of the local waiting list. Beyond the seriousness of the patient’s condition, doctors base their choice on such criteria as the length of time th e patient has been waiting, how long it will take to obtain an organ and whether the transplant team can gear up in time.43. One factor causing death on organ transplantation is ___________.A) heavy bleeding during surgeryB) destruction of patients’ immune systemC) objection from patients to taking organs of othersD) doctors’ lack of confidence44. In the U.S. there is a long waiting list for organs because __________.A) there is a shortage of actual organsB) only a few people become organ donorsC) doctors have set a limit to the number of organ recipientsD) transplant surgery is still experimental45. There would be many more organ donors if ____________.A) laws are designed to encourage organ recyclingB) people can’t legally prevent a family member from donating his organC) doctors are more willing to ask for donationsD) transplant surgery is more successful46. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A) Dr. Starzl and Transplant SurgeryB) Transplant Surgery in the U.S.C) The Future of Transplant SurgeryD) Success in Transplant Surgery and Shortage of OrgansPassage 5Items 47 to 50 are based on the following passage:The beginnings of marine biology can be traced back to the renowned Greek philosopher Aristotle of the 3rd century B.C. In certain respects, he was a greater marine biologist than any who followed him, for he made many notable observations with no books to guide him and no microscope with which to see fine details. He studied chiefly the seashore animals of the Greek Coast. In the words of Charles Singer, an English historian of science, Aris totle has left an “imperishable account of some of the things he has seen with his own eyes”. There was no study of seashore life comparable with that of Aristotle until almost the beginning of the nineteenth century. In the first part of that century, biologists of England and Norway made many striking contributions to man’s knowledge of life in the sea. The leader in these discoveri es was Edward Forbes, who classified ocean life according to the depths in which it was found. In Forbes’, methods of dredging the greatdeeps had not been invented. Generalizing from studies he made in shallow depth, Forbes was convinced that there was no life on the bottom below 50 meters. This was an error, to be sure, but a very stimulating one, for scientists set to work to put Forbes’ theory to the test. Within twenty years after his death, they had proved that such types of animals as sea stars, worms, and mollusks lived on the ocean bottom at depths of more than one and one-half kilometers. From later explorations by the Danish ship Galathea and Russian ship Vitiazmen they came to know that such creatures occur on the bottom in the deepest parts of the ocean —The Philippine trench and the Kurile Kamchatka trench, more than ten kilometers beneath the surface of the sea.The Challenger expedition was organized by men who were students of Forbes and were carrying out the work that he started. The resul ts of the expedition, which added immeasurably to man’s knowledge of the ocean and of the creatures that dwell there, were published in fifty huge volumes. They are still a model for contributors to the sciences of oceanography and marine biology.47. As a marine biologist, Aristotle’s greatness lies in his __________.A) study of the Greek coastB) long-lived account of his studyC) being a famous philosopherD) study of the Greek coast by making observations with no books to guide him48. Edward Forbes is so important to be mentioned here for __________.A) he is Aristotle’s followerB)the error he made in his discovery stimulated other scientists to find out the truthC) he made a great errorD) he was the leader of the English and Norwegian biologists in the 19th century49. At last men found out that __________.A) there was no life on the bottom below 550 metersB)there were some animals living on the ocean bottom at depths of more thanone and one-half kilometersC)sea stars and some other animals lived on the bottom in the deepest parts of the oceanD) worms could not live on the bottom of the ocean50. Which of the following is not true?A) Marine biology can be traced back to the beginning of human history.B)Before the 19th century, Ari stotle’s study of seashore life was beyond compare.C) “Challenger” was the name of an expeditionary ship.C)Man’s knowledge of the ocean owes a lot to Forbes’ students who made the “Challenger” expedition.Part III Writing (30%)Directions: For this part, you are asked to write a composition on the topic Job Problems for University Graduates.Please base your composition on the topic and the outlines given and yourcomposition is required to contain about 600 words.1.To state that many graduates cannot find a job related to their specialty or of their interest.2.To give possible reasons for the status quo.3.To suggest some solutions to the problems.2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目：汉语写作一、根据下面的提供的材料，撰写一份600字左右的请示。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试电路原理考研真题试卷

题4图五、（20 分）题 5 图所示，A1,A2,A3 为理想运放，求 Vo3
题5图六、（20 分）如题 6 图示电路中，已知 f=50Hz,R1=80Ω, R2=200Ω,C=10μF，电路的复功率为 5200+j500 VA，求输入电压的有效值 U 和电感量 L。
题6图
七、（20 分）如题 7 图示电路中，已知 U=10V， C=1F， L1=L2=10H， M=4H,， R=3Ω，负载为 Z。Z 两端的电压为零，试求ω和 i(t)。
求（1）每相的等效阻抗 Z，以一相电压为参考画电流相量图。（2）开关 s 打开和闭合时，负载吸收的功率。
题2图三、（15 分）试用二只理想运算放大器设计一个电路，使得输入输出电压的关系满足
vo (t ) 5 vi1 (t )dt 5vi 2 (t )
0
t
。
四、（20）题图 4 所示电路中，L=1H,R=1 ,C=0.5F,电容电压和电流的的初始值 UC（0-）=1V, IL（0-） =1A。电源均为单位阶跃函数，试求电阻 R 中的电流 iR（t）的全响应。
vs t 6 2 co8 图所示二端口网络，求二端口网络的 Y 参数方程,Y 参数的 Y12=Y21 。
Y Y YA 11 12 Y21 Y22 。已知：
题8图
2014 年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分，可用计算器）
考试科目代码
820
考试科目名称
电路原理
一、（20 分）如题 1 图所示，已知原件 A 的伏安关系 u=i2 ,求（1）求解 u 和 i （2）求 i1

2014年上海海事大学考研真题船舶静力学

1
其计算步骤。 4.提高数值积分方法精度的方法有哪些？画图说明梯形法、辛浦生法对曲线端点曲率变化较大时如何处理？四、证明题（共 2 题，第 1 题 12 分，第 2 题 8 分，共 20 分） 1．设船舶原正浮状态，吃水为 d，排水量为Δ，水线面面积为 AW，漂心纵坐标为 xF，纵稳性高为 GML，海水密度为ρ。试证明把小量载荷装载后新的纵稳性高 G1ML1 为：
2
p Aw p GM L (d z GM L ) p 2
G1 M L1
（画出图形并证明） 2．证明：船舶作微小角度倾斜时，其等体积倾斜水线必然通过原水线面的漂心。五、计算题（共 2 题，每题 15 分，共 30 分） 1. 一根长为 L，横截面为正方形的木材稳定漂浮在淡水中（如图所示）淡水密度为 1t/m3, 求木材的密度 ρ=？
2.某内河船做倾斜试验时的排水量 Δ=7200t，吃水 d＝6.0m，水线面面积 AW＝1.320m2。全部移动载荷的总重量是 50t，移动距离 l＝9.25m，摆锤长 λ＝3.96m，最大摆动距离 k＝ 0.214m。试验后还需加装 850t 重的燃油。重心在基线之上 5.18m 处，油的重量密度 ω1＝ 0.86t/m3，自由液面惯性矩 ix＝490m4，求：最后的横稳性高 G1M1。
2014 年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）（请带计算器）
考试科目代码
823ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
考试科目名称
船舶静力学
一、填空题（共 15 题，每题 2 分，共 30 分） 1．军舰通常以和交点的垂线作为尾垂线。 2．基平面是通过中线面和中站面交线上的平行于 3．垂向棱形系数的表达式是所表示的意义是 4．在应用梯形法进行数值积分时，长度 L 的等分数目 n 法时，长度 L 的等分数目 n 。 5．船舶的排水量是与 6．水线面面积曲线的形状反映了线的形状反映了 7．当船舶从淡水驶入海水区域时，船舶吃水，使船产生。 8．对于普通的货船，典型的装载工况有。 9．自由液面对稳性影响的计算公式 GM 之和。

上海海事大学船舶静力学2014年—2018年考研真题试题

1 2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）（请带计算器）考试科目代码 823 考试科目名称船舶静力学一、填空题（共15题，每题2分，共30分）1．军舰通常以和交点的垂线作为尾垂线。

2．基平面是通过中线面和中站面交线上的平行于的平面。

3．垂向棱形系数的表达式是所表示的意义是。

4．在应用梯形法进行数值积分时，长度L 的等分数目n ，在应用辛浦生二法时，长度L 的等分数目n 。

5．船舶的排水量是与之和。

6．水线面面积曲线的形状反映了；横剖面面积曲线的形状反映了。

7．当船舶从淡水驶入海水区域时，船舶吃水，浮心位置，重心位置，使船产生。

8．对于普通的货船，典型的装载工况有、、。

9．自由液面对稳性影响的计算公式∆=∆x i GM 1ω，式中的i x 表示。

10．船舶倾斜试验的根本目的是。

11．计算船舱进水后船舶浮态和稳性的基本方法有和。

12．在船舶纵向下水四个阶段中，通常会发生和不利现象，应尽量避免。

13．船舶横倾角小于10°的稳性称为，大于10°的稳性称为。

14．渗透率的定义是除以空舱的。

15．在船舶抗沉性计算中，把进水舱分为三类，其中和有自由液面。

二、名词解释（共6题，每题5分，共30分）1．浮心和稳心2．首垂线和尾垂线3．静稳性曲线和动稳性曲线4．每厘米吃水吨数和每厘米纵倾力矩5．自由液面6．稳性横截曲线三、论述题（共4题，每题10分，共40分）1．静稳性曲线的形状和面积是如何表征船舶稳性的好坏？通过哪些特征参数来表示？这些参数数值如何确定？2.如何确定船舶的进水角曲线？在大倾角稳性校核中，为什么要考虑进水角的影响？它在静稳性曲线和动稳性曲线图上是如何反映的？3.说明装卸大量载荷对船的稳性和浮态的影响。

为什么要利用静水力曲线来计算？并叙述。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码624 考试科目名称刑法一、名词解释（30分，每小题5分）1、我国刑法中的紧急避险2、危险犯3、单位犯罪4、附加刑5、空白罪状6、危险驾驶罪二、问答题（40分、每小题10分）1、解释我国刑法中的“从旧兼从轻原则”。

2、结合刑法修正案《八》，回答我国刑法中累犯的规定。

3、我国刑法中不作为犯罪的成立条件。

4、牵连犯的成立条件三、论述题（40分，每小题20分）1、回答我国刑法中空间效力的规定。

2、结合刑法修正案《八》，回答我国刑法中的假释制度。

四、案例分析题（40分，每小题10分）1、刘某（男性、出生于1991年3月6日）在2009年3月7日教唆李某（男性、出生于1993年3月7日）将邻居家的电视偷出（价值5000余元）。

2010年4月8日刘某与陈某（男性、出生于1990年1月7日）在凌晨3点前往某单位盗窃，并窃得500元。

（1）回答刘某和李某的行为是否构成共同犯罪（2分）？并说明理由（2分）（2）结合刑法及相关司法解释的规定，回答刘某与陈某4月8日盗窃行为是否构成犯罪？（1分）并说明理由（2分）（3）回答刘某是否可以从轻、减轻处罚？（1分）并说明理由（2分）2、李某欲杀死仇人王甲,于是在半夜持枪来到王甲家中,在看到床上躺着的王乙（王甲的弟弟）时，李某误以为就是王甲而开枪射击，导致王乙当场死亡。

李某在离开时发现王乙的钱包中有现金3000元，于是将其带走。

之后，李某主动投案自首并提供线索帮助破获一起重大刑事案件。

（1）李某的杀人行为是否构成故意杀人既遂？（2分）结合刑法中的认识错误理论，说明理由。

（2分）（2）李某在杀死王乙后将其钱包内现金取走的行为构成抢劫罪还是盗窃罪？（1分）说明理由。

（2分）（3）李某的辩护人认为李某自首并有重大立功表现，对李某应当减轻、从轻处罚，这个观点是否正确？（1分）说明理由。

上海海事大学2014年《815技术经济学》考研专业课真题试卷

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分；可以使用计算器）
考试科目：815技术经济学
一、解释下列概念（每小题4分，共20分）
1、非常规项目
2、沉没成本
3、项目的间接费用
4、转移支付
5、技术创新
二、简要回答下列问题（每小题8分，共24分）
1、投资项目可行性研究阶段的风险因素有哪些？
2、在公用事业项目评价中，最常用的经济评价指标是收益（效能）成本比，而不是净现值、内部收益率。

为什么？
3、可以采用哪些方法进行价值工程活动对象的选择？
三、论述题（每小题13分，共26分）
1、试述项目财务评价、经济评价的联系与区别。

2、试述项目技术经济效果的评价原则。

四、计算题（5个小题，共80分；计算所需复利系数见后面的表格）
1、（本题12分）某企业2012年年末的资产负债率为80%，流动资金/资产总额= 30%，长期负债/负债总额= 70%。

该企业2012年年末的流动比率是多少？
2、（本题12分）某城市有两个排污方案，均能满足同样的需要。

方案I、II的一次性投资分别为5200万元、6000万元，年运营费用分别为100万元、50万元，寿命均为20年。

假定两个方案均是当年实施并发挥作用，方案的基准收益率为10%。

请比较、选择方案。

3、（本题18分）在两个城市之间有两个投资项目A、B，A为建设高速公路，B为
1。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试经济学试卷A

2014年上海海事⼤学攻读硕⼠学位研究⽣⼊学考试经济学试卷A2014年上海海事⼤学攻读硕⼠学位研究⽣⼊学考试试题（重要提⽰：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科⽬代码811 考试科⽬名称经济学⼀是⾮题(每题2分, 共20分)1.在均衡状态下每个消费者都实现了有条件的效⽤最⼤化。

2.随着某⽣产要素投⼊量增加，边际产量和平均产量增加到⼀定程度将同时下降。

3.垄断竞争市场中⼚商的短期均衡条件为边际成本等于价格。

4.福利经济学的两个主题是平等和效率。

5.⼀种物品的排他性就是有办法阻⽌其他⼈使⽤这种物品。

6.永久性减税对消费⽀出的影响⼤于暂时性减税。

7.钢铁⼚炼钢⽤的煤和居民烧⽕⽤的煤都应计⼊国内⽣产总值。

8.LM曲线为⼀条⽔平线时货币政策没有效果，财政政策对实际国民收⼊的影响最⼤。

9.菲利普斯曲线左移使得社会能够通过宏观经济政策的运⽤，在通货膨胀率和失业率之间进⾏相机抉择。

10.根据索洛经济增长模型，⼀国⼈均收⼊的长期增长主要取决于资本积累速度，即取决于储蓄率。

⼆选择题(每题只有⼀个选择是正确的。

每题2分, 共50分)1.经济物品是指A、有⽤的物品B、稀缺的物品C、⽤钱购买的物品D、有⽤且稀缺的物品2. 需求曲线斜率为正的充要条件为A、低档商品B、替代效应超过收⼊效应C、收⼊效应超过替代效应D、低档商品且收⼊效应超过替代效应3. 若消费者低于他的预算线消费，则消费者A、没有完全⽤完预算⽀出B、⽤完了全部预算⽀出C、或许⽤完了全部预算⽀出D、处于均衡状态4. ⽣产函数Q=L0.5K0.5 表⽰规模收益A、递增B、递减C、不变D、不确定5. 当边际收益递减规律发⽣作⽤时，总成本曲线A、以递增的速率下降B、以递增的速率上升C、以递减的速率下降D、以递减的速率上升6.⼀家影院垄断了⼀部电影的放映权如果成⼈与⼉童对这部电影的需求弹性分别为-2和-4,这家电影院对成⼈与⼉童收取不同票价那么利润最⼤化的成⼈票价格为A、⼉童票价的2倍B、⼉童票价的⼀半C、⼉童票价的1.5倍D、⼉童票价的1/57.垄断⼚商达到均衡时总是有A、P=MC=MRB、P> MC=MRC、P> MC=ARD、以上都是8. 已知两种商品的交叉弹性=1.5，则这两种商品是A、替代品B、独⽴品C、互补品D、不确定9. 欧佩克所代表的市场结构可以概括为A、完全垄断模式B、不完全竞争下寡头勾结垄断模式C、垄断竞争模式D、完全竞争模式10. 随着产量的增加⼚商的短期固定成本A、增加B、减少C、不变D、先减后增11.利率从根本上是由货币市场A、供给决定B、需求决定C、政府决定D、供求两个因素决定12. 边际替代率与边际转换率之间的关系是有关A、社会福利问题B、配置效率问题C、⽣产效率问题D、A和B都对13．⼀旦产权被分配后市场将产⽣⼀个有社会效率的结果，这种观点称为A、有效市场理论B、看不见的⼿C、科斯定理D、逆向选择14. GDP缩减指数反映的是A、相对于当前价格⽔平的基期价格⽔平B、相对于基期价格⽔平的当前价格⽔平C、相对于当前产出⽔平的基期产出⽔平D、相对于基期产出⽔平的当前产出⽔平15.如果平均储蓄倾向为负，那么A、平均消费倾向等于1B、平均消费倾向⼤于1C、平均消费倾向和边际储蓄倾向之和⼩于1D、平均消费倾向⼩于1，边际税率为t=0.5。

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语语法与翻译考研真题试卷.

2014年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码812 考试科目名称英语语法与翻译I. Choose from the following four choices marked A, B, C and D in each sentence the one that best suits the sentence, and write the corresponding capital letters in the numbered groups in the ANSWER SHEET (see the following model). There are 70 sentences in all, each of which is worth one point.(70 points)MODEL: 01-05: AAABC, 06-10: AAABC11-15: AAABC, 16-20: AAABC1. Traditionally, Samoan parents left speaking to children ______ their older siblings.A. forB. toC. ofD. at2. My beliefs about the varieties of language from which I may choose, based on my perceptions of their use and users, ______ account for my management decisions:A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. helping3. The foes were ambushed on the way of withdrawal, namely, they ______.A. got beatB. got beatenC. get beatenD. get beat4. Don’t worry about the seats. T here are ______ chairs in the room.A. bothB. a large amount ofC. plenty ofD. a great deal of5. “In a study of immigrant former Soviet families in Israel, Kopeliovich (2006) found that some children appear to be more susceptible to internal influence and others to external: the one family in which she found strong Russian maintenance had only two children.” ______ is the subject (or doer) of the verb “had” underlined.A. KopeliovichB. maintenanceC. RussianD. family6. In the garden near the river, tourists are attracted by the hives surrounded by a ______ of bees.A. swarmB. shoalC. herdD. flock7. She must have worked all night, for, you see, she is with ______ eyes.A. sinkingB. sunkenC. sunkD. sink8. Literacy of course permitted scattered Jewish traders to keep contact with their partners and families. Which of the following is the predicate of the sentence?A. permitted scatteredB. scatteredC. permittedD. keep9. The exploration of the religious domain has shown the existence of pressure for language policy and ______ specific management policies applied by major religions.A. inB. forC. atD. of10. The cadets spent ______ their time working out the issue.A. halfB. mostC. moreD. both11. Thirdly, religious institutions, each with its own internal policy structure -- rabbis, priests, and imams passing on beliefs and practices to congregants -- constitute an important external factor adding to the pressures on its members and on their families. What is the predicate verb in this sentence?A. passingB. structureC. constituteD. adding12. In vain _____ to get in touch with the Embassy.A. did they tryB. tried theyC. they triedD. they have tried13. We ______recommend the book as a reference book for the freshmen.A. prettyB. highlyC. highD. prettily14. For educational systems, the decision on additional languages may be set at the top or left to individual schools. The word “left” is ______A. a nounB. an adjectiveC. a verb(past participle)D. a verb(past tense)15. You ______all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A. can not have doneB. must not have doneC. shouldn’t have doneD. needn’t have done16. Computers can be so many complex things, which _______ considered miraculous in the past.A. can beB. have beenC. would have beenD. had been17. The international flight was cancelled because of the flu epidemic. The underlined word means ______.A. call offB. call upC. call forD. call on18. The teaching of _______ is clearly labeled as a foreign language varies considerably.A. howB. whatC. asD. when19. The general practice in systems where all the words uttered in court are recorded and transcribed to form a record that might be consulted on appeal to a higher court is that anything in another language must be translated into the official language, the resulting translation (right or wrong) constituting the official record. Which is the predicate verb of the main sentence？A. are recorded and transcribedB. might be consultedC. isD. must be translated20. Over time, the greater complexity of language engineering (another term tried by some) was recognized, so that it would have to include “a broad range of different sociolinguistic situations at different levels of enlargement (from nation to firm), of a broad range of different interests and population groups (from women to refugees), under widely different communicative circumstances (of media, channels, information processing), and foremost, of the different ideological and real, global and local sociopolitical conditions.” In this sentence, ______ are in the parallel in grammar？A. of different sociolinguistic situations; of a broad range of different interests and population groups; of thedifferent ideological and real, global and local sociopolitical conditionsB. of enlargement; of a broad range of different interests and population groups; under widely different communicative circumstances; of the different ideological and real, global and local sociopolitical conditionsC. of different sociolinguistic situations: of enlargement; of a broad range of different interests and population groups; of the different ideological and real, global and local sociopolitical conditionsD. of enlargement; of a broad range of different interests and population groups; of the different ideological and real, global and local sociopolitical conditions21. It’s rather hard to draw a _______ line between the two things.A. clean-cutB. clear-cuttingC. clean-cuttingD. clear-cut22. I did not turn up in the party the day before yesterday, because I ______ forgot it.A. cleanB. clearlyC. cleanlyD. clear23. ______, I’ll have a try.A. To sink or to swimB. Sink or swimC. To sink or swimD. Sinking or swimming24. The Justice Minister of South Africa expressed regret that the law courts continued to be run in English and Afrikaans and supported the ANC position that the policy must be changed. Which two words are in parallel in grammar？A．continued and supported B. expressed and supportedC．expressed and changed D. continued and changed25. He knows little of physics, and ______ of math.A. even moreB. still lessC. no lessD. still more26. There is no man ______ errs.A. whoB. whichC. butD. that27. In ______ are called maintenance programs, the endpoint will still maintain some time for the home language, perhaps once a day for enrichment or one or two subjects still taught in the home language.A. whileB. thatC. whatD. when28. As long as there is a ______ of hope for the success, we will make 100% efforts to prepare.A. fitB. flightC. bundleD. flash29. Let’s ______ we have a million US dollars.A. make believeB. take believeC. feel likeD. let drop30. There ______ out to be in many situations in which organizations (and nations too for that matter) would benefit from a language policy, but do not see it as of high enough priority to develop one.A. turningB. turnsC. turnedD. turn31. He did it in ______ time it took me.A. the one-thirdB. half aC. the doubleD. one-third the32. Who lives in the ______ house?A. new big classical-styleB. classical-style new bigC. new classical-style bigD. big new classical style33. Confounding the issue are the two opposed views brought to language policy questions: the belief that the main goal of language policy is linguistic convergence in order to build national unity and social cohesion, and the contrasting belief that the main goal of language policy must be to maintain linguistic diversity. The subject of the sentence is ______.A. confounding the issueB. the issueC. the belief…and the contrasting beliefD. views34. She made a point ______ coming late so that everyone would look at her.A. forB. ofC. inD. with35. As a general rule, schools teach the literary or written standard form of a language. Under the influence of language teaching ideologies like the Direct Method or the Audio-lingual Method or the Communicative approach, they may add the spoken language, but usually as a small part of the curriculum. The underlined pronoun “they” refers to ______.A. ideologiesB. the Direct Method or the Audio-lingual Method or the Communicative approachC. schoolsD. Some people afore-mentioned36. The post office is only ______ away.A. a stone’s throwB. stone’s throwC. stone throwD. a stone throw37. ______ income tax, rates, and the cost of repairs to the house, Mr. Corder has saved very little this year.A. Thanks toB. What withC. Along withD. Except for38. I was afraid of the tent ______ down during the night.A. being fallenB. fallenC. fallingD. fell39. ______ rain, the football match will be postponed.A. In the consequence ofB. In defiance ofC. In danger ofD. In the event of40. In this section, I propose to look at some cases of community language activism similar to those that have been described but more like the Māori case, where there is no anticipation of the minority ever becoming a majority, than the Hebrew and other nationalist cases where language activism was part of a movement towards autonomy an d eventual independence. In this complex sentence, the phrase “some cases of community language activism” is modified by ______?A. noneB. “similar to those that have been described”C. “similar to those that have been described” and “more like the Māori case”D. “similar to those that have been described” and “more like the Māori case, where there is no anticipation of the minority ever becoming a majority, than the Hebrew and other nationalist cases where language activism was part of a movement to wards autonomy and eventual independence”41. We came to Sichuang Province with an eye to visiting the _______ area.A. poverty-strikingB. poverty-strickenC. poor-strikingD. poor-stricken42. Many a student at this university contemplated ______ to the West of China after graduation.A. to goB. goC. goingD. gone43. The trainer has his students _______ a lot of warming-up exercises each time.A. doneB. to doC. doingD. do44. “As time went on, the Palestine Jewish community took on more of the characteristics of a resistance movement, especially after the publication by the British government of the White Paper threatening to close down Jewish emigration to Palestine just at the time that the Nazi destruction of the European Jewish communities was getting under way.” Which is “the White Paper” used to modify?A. resistance movementB. Jewish communityC. British governmentD. publication45. To teach students English is my ______ duty.A. boundB. bindingC. bindedD. bounden46. He’s dealt _______ and square with me.A. fairB. fairlyB. firm D. firmly47. Earlier scholarship dealing with what Nekvapil (2006) thinks can still be labeled language planning was generally confined to the activities of the governments of independent nation-states. _______ is the predicate verb(s) in the sentence?A. dealing withB. thinksC. can be labeledD. was confined48. _______he uttered the words there was a dead silence.A. DirectlyB. ClearlyC. RightlyD. Ferociously49. Our working assumption in the following will be that local governments will undertake language management to deal with local internal problems – if there is multilingualism, they must establish official or working languages for internal use and for providing services for citizens. The underlined pronoun “they” refers to ______?A. problemsB. somebody elseC. local governmentsD. citizens50. The lady standing at the corner was a little of ______, I suppose.A. the coquetteB. coquetteC. a coquetteD. coquettes51. Fishman similarly shows how the contemporary status of Yiddish has been buoyed by the addition of sacred ______ political arguments.A. beyondB. beneathC. overD. to52. ______ irritation occur, discontinue use immediately.A. WouldB. MightC. CouldD. Should53. We have never known him ______ his temper before.A. to loseB. loseC. to losingD. losing54. Concerns about the falling standard of English (and the resultant lack of competitiveness), the unemployment rate of the ethnic Malays who are largely monolingual and the continued segregation of the races prompted the then Minister of Education, Musa Mohamed, ______ that beginning from January 2003 a Malay-English mixed-medium education would be implemented in national schools.A. declaringB. to declareC. declareD. having declared55. I’d rather you ______ to the library now.A. goB. wentC. had goneD. have gone56. After my speech, I heard a ______ of cough from the corner of the auditorium.A. displayB. pealC. fitD. slice57. “Efforts to strengthen human rights include providing access to government services for linguistic minorities and education in Kazakh and other minority languages. ” This sentence pattern belongs to _______.A. SVOCB. SVOAC. SVOD. SVC58. Being lost in the woods, Thomson was at his ______.A. wit’s endB. wits’ endsC. wits’ endD. wit’s ends59. Mr. Lambert, _____we have made rapid progress in physics, is one of the best teachers in our school.A. whose helpB. of whomC. with whose helpD. with who60. This revealed two generalizations that serve to correct linguicentrism, the tendency to assume language is central. What is the relationship between “linguicentrism” and “tendency” in the sentence?A. no relationB. attributiveC. appositionD. adverbial?61. The woman with strong ambition was finally unsuccessful, ______?A. was the womanB. wasn’t the womanC. was sheD. wasn’t she62. He is about to take the floor ______ language management, which is holding the attention of many experts in the world.A. esteemingB. evadingC. retardingD. respecting63. People hate ______ queues everywhere.A. there to beB. there beingC. there beD. there is64. Finally, we sketched language services (translation and interpreting), the rapid recent expansion of which attests the slowness with which other more permanent language management activities achieve worthwhile results. The underlined word “which” refers to ______.A. language servicesB. slownessC. language management activitiesD. expansion65. I ______ to call on you, but was prevented from doing so due to the fact that was very late.A. had meantB. meantC. have meantD. mean66. He is ______ than his brother.A. more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more sportsman enoughD. more enough of a sportsman67. “A language community as Hockett (1958) for instance used the term might be the English-speaking world, the complexity of which we realize since Kachru (1986) identified the many varieties which constitute World English, or the Francophone world (although francophonie is more a political than a linguistic concept), or at the other extreme, the last remaining speakers of a dying language.” ______ are in the parallel in grammar in this above sentence？A. the English-speaking world; the complexity; the Francophone world and at the other extremeB. the English-speaking world; the Francophone world and at the other extremeC. the English-speaking world; the Francophone world and the last remaining speakers of a dying languageD. World English; the Francophone world and the last remaining speakers of a dying language68. Law and order ______ different things to people with different political opinions.A. meantB. meansC. meanD. have meant69. He may have shortcomings and faults, but he is a good student for ______.A. all thisB. all thoseC. all thatD. all these70. The criminal even threatened ______ the president.A. murderingB. to murderC. to murderingD. murderII.Point out the sentence types of the following, and then enlarge and complicate these sentences without changing their sentence types, and finally underline the original sentence elements. There are five sentences in all, each of which is worth four points. (20 points) Eg. The governments shall take measures. →SVO: For the sake of popularizing Putonghua and the standardized Chinese characters, the governments at various levels and the relevant departments under them shall take measures.1. The survival of a forest depends on rainfall.2. The deed tarnished his reputation.3. Any effort would require the applicant to prepare.4. Immigrant advocates say the Deferred Action has worked well.5. A school is a school.III. Translate from Chinese to English. (30 points)我冒了严寒，回到相隔二千余里，别了二十余年的故乡去。

2014年上海海事大学811经济学真题

一、是非题：（10*2=20）1劣质品都是吉芬商品，而吉芬商品不一定都是劣质品二、选择（25*2=50）记不住顺序，慢慢补充编辑1.抽烟这种行为具有（）A内部经济B外部经济C内部不经济D外部不经济2债权人预测未来通货膨胀率为6%，储蓄利率为2%，债权人愿意贷款的利息至少为（）A4%B6%C2%D8%3正常品价格上升（）A替代效应使购买增多，收入效应使购买减少B替代效应使购买增多，收入效应使购买增加C替代效应使购买减少，收入效应使购买增加D替代效应使购买减少，收入效应使购买减少4平均消费倾向的取值（）A始终大于0小于1B大于0C小于0D不确定5企业的LTC无论什么时候都不会大于LAC这句话（）A始终是对的B错的C不确定D根据规模经济来看6洛仑兹曲线说明（）A贫困程度B税收体制的效率C收入不平均的程度D税收体制的透明度7如果生产函数Y=F（K，L）的规模收益不变（）A F（ZK，ZL）=ZYB F（K/L，1）=Y/LCy=f(k),y和k为人均产量和资本D以上三项都对8契约曲线是（）9X和Y的交叉弹性系数为负数，则X与Y的关系是（互补品）10等产量线凸向原点的原因（）11下列那个不属于ZF购买A建造军舰B是一个转移支付的12生产要素价格为8、2、10边际收益为2当边际产量为多少时获得最大利润A212.5B415C8210D忘了13在征税的同时中央银行减少货币供给，必然导致（）A利率上升B利率下降C均衡收入水平上升D均衡收入水平下降三、分析题：（10*2=20）1.用图示说明垄断企业短期和长期均衡的形成及条件2.当一个国家同时有通货膨胀和国际收支赤字，该情况下国家应该采取那些经济政策。

四、计算题：（15*4=60）1.购买商品X、Y的总收入为144元，X、Y的价格都为4，效用函数为U=XY(1)效用最大时X、Y为多少，最大效用为多少(2)当X价格变为9时，X、Y商品的消费如何变化，各自效用如何变化(3)当X价格变为9时，为了维持原有的效用水平，则收入至少为多少。

上海海事大学高等代数2014--2015年考研真题／研究生入学考试试题

六（15 分）、设 A 是 n 阶矩阵 n 2 并且 rank( A) n 1 . 证明: rank ( A* ) 1 . 其中 A* 表示 A 的伴随矩阵。
七（15 分）、设 * 是 n 元非齐次线性方程组 AX=b 的一个解， 1 ，… n r 是对应的齐次线性方程组的
3 5 2 0
1 1 0 5
1 2 3 4 1 3 1 3
，D 的 (i, j ) 元的代数余子式记作 Aij ，则 A43 A44 =
。
7．设 A＝ aij
是一 n 阶正定矩阵，而， R n ，在线性空间 R 中定义内积； nn
n
n
（，）＝ A ，则 R 关于这种内积构成一个 Euclid 空间。在此定义下，计算 n 维向量 (1,
一个基础解系。证明：， 1 ，… n r 线性无关。
*
化成标准形。
a b c 四 (16 分)、设 R 是实数域， V 0 a b a, b, c R 。 0 0 a
（1）、证明 V 关于矩阵的加法和数量乘法构成 R 上的线性空间。
a1 （2）、任意的 A 0 0
1 ， 0 ，… 0)' 的长度
。
8．如果 A 是正交矩阵。若 k 是实数，使得 kA 为正交矩阵，则 k= -------。
T 9 ．在 R 中，线性变换 A ( x1 , x2 , x3 )T (3x1 x2 , x2 x3 , x1 )T ，那么 A 在基 e1 (1, 0, 0) ，
2014 年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）

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