大学英语阅读题以及答案
(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbcIn the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcbThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbccAs she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on yourtoes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith didnot hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcdIf the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom”could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd六As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc七In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing."A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc九As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd阅读理解限时训练与解析A（5minutes）I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed（解散）. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized（强调）the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating（欺骗）themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously（认真地）about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued（继续）to believe that I had cheated on the test.1. The story took place（发生）exactly ____ .A. in the teacher’s officeB. in an exam roomC. in the schoolD. in the language lab2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .A. she had not brought a pen with herB. she had lost her own on her way to schoolC. there was something wrong with her ownD. her own had been taken away by someone3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .A. to go on writing his paperB. to stop whisperingC. to leave the room immediatelyD. to stay behind after the exam4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .A. honestyB. sense of dutyC. seriousnessD. all of the above5. The boy knew everything ____ .A. the moment he was asked to stay behindB. when the teacher started talking about honestyC. only some time laterD. when he was walking out of the roomB（7minutes）Some kids start to drink alcohol (酒精) at a young age. They think it is part of becoming an adult. They also think drinking is not that bad because so many people do it. They feel it is not as bad as taking drugs (毒品). It is easy for kids to get liquor （酒精饮料）by using fake identification (伪造证件).Parents may start to notice a change in their child’s behavior if the child starts drinking. Kids who drink sometimes stop doing things they normally liked to do. They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want anybody to touch their things. They act moody (喜怒无常) and do not have the same eating and sleeping habits.Parents need to stay involved (牵涉) in their kids’lives. They should talk to their children about their problems to be aware of any changes.Parents can be the best protection. Children who get a lot of love can feel good about themselves. It helps them resist（抵抗）doing bad things even when other kids are doing them. Parents can also help set a good example by not drinking and driving. They can have firm rules in the home that everyone follows.Give the children good ideas on how to say “no”to drinking, even when they are at a party. Try not to overreact or panic (惊慌) if the child tries alcohol. How you handle it can affect their attitude. It may be helpful to talk to other parents about setting up curfews (宵禁令) and rules about parties or other events.1. Which of the following is NOT the reason why some kids have an early start of drinking?A. They want to show their maturity (成熟) by drinking alcohol.B. Drinking alcohol is much cooler than taking drugs.C. They are affected by many other people around them.D. They can get liquor easily.2.According to the passage, what changes may happen to the kids who start drinking?A. Nothing serious will happen to them.B. They keep the same eating and sleeping habits.C. They can control their moods quite well.。
大学英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案
大学英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案大学英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value，以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Preparing for Computer DisastersA: Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B: Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users.When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC: House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D: There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E: Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, youneed to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF: Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. T o deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG: When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H: Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案解析1. A根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本文的第一段。
大学英语四级阅读题含答案
大学英语四级阅读题含答案大学英语四级阅读题：【原文】On average，American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school，eight hours more that they did in 1981.They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞)。
Involvement in sports，in particular，rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997：boys now spendan average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log hall that time. All in all，however，children‘sleisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%“Children are affected by the same t ime crunch (危机) that affects their parents” says Sandra Hofferth，who headed the recent study of children‘s timetable.A chief reason，she says，is that more mothers are working outside the home.Nevertheless，children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” householdsspent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively.In contrast，children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)All work and no play could make for some very messed-upkids.“Play is th e most powerful way a child e某plores the world and learns about himself，” says T. Berry Brazelton，professor at Harvard Medical School Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships withtheir peers，but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time” watching television.But that，believe it or not，was one of the findings parents might regard as good news.If they‘respending less time in front of the TV set，however，kids aren’t replacing it with reading.Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books，the children spent just over an hour a week reading.Let‘s face it，who’s got the time?大学英语四级阅读题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question：1. By mentioning “the same time crunch” (Line 1，Para.2) Sandra Hofferth means ________.A.children have little time to play with their parentsB.children are not taken good care of by their working parentsC.both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure timeD.both parents and children have trouble managing their time2.According to the author，the reason given by Sandra Hofferthfor the time crunch is ________.A.quite convincingB.partially trueC.totally groundlessD.rather confusing3.According to the author a child develops better if ________.A.he has plenty of time reading and studyingB.he is left to play with his peers in his own wayC.he has more time participating in school activitiesD.he is free to interact with his working parents4.The author is concerned about the fact that American kids________.A.are engaged in more and more structured activitiesB.are increasingly neglected by their working mothersC.are spending more and more time watching TVD.are involved less and less in household work5.We can infer from the passage that ________.A.e某tracurricular activities promote children‘s int elligenceB.most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offC.efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulD.most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children大学英语四级阅读题：【答案】1.[C] 语义理解题。
大学四级英语仔细阅读专项习题附答案
大学四级英语仔细阅读专项习题(一)Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him companionship; some give protection, and some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three capacities, are found in various breeds in all countries of the world. The Husky can live in the cold polar regions, and the Saluki is at home in the hottest parts of Central Africa. The inhabitants of certain countries are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.来源：考试大Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming(到处走动) in search of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require.All domestic animals need proper food. It must be suitable for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean. Some people feed a pet dog or cat on odds and ends of table scraps, and then wonder why the animal seems listless(倦怠的) and dull. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal is to maintain good health.Even well cared for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals, and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on their health.1. What main idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A) There exists thousands of species of animals in the world.B) Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals.C) In some regions a donkey seems to be a very useful beast.D) An animal will be useless unless domesticated.2. When an animal is underfed, it will probably ____.A) refuse to obey its masterB) immediately fall illC) require its master to offer some foodD) seek for food on its own3. Which of the following is NOT true of dogs according to the passage?A) They can act as friends, guards, and servants to man.B) They have great adaptation for the environment.C) There live a great variety of breeds of dogs on the globe.D) The Husky and the Saluki are the strongest breed ever known in the world.4. To keep a domestic animal physically fit, its owner is advised ____.A) not to hesitate to spend enormous amount of money on itB) to pay attention to its proper feedingC) not to allow it to take excessive amounts of exerciseD) to join some sort of pet-keeping organizations5. Which of the following would be best TITLE for this passage?A) Domesticated Animals - Man’s Best Fr iendB) Proper Diet - the Road to HealthC) The Advantages of Raising Domestic AnimalsD) Some Tips on Pet-keeping大学四级英语仔细阅读专项习题答案1.B)Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals. 黑体部分为第一段两个要点，A只包含了一个要点，C只提到了一头驴。
大学英语四级阅读题带答案
大学英语四级阅读题带答案大学英语四级阅读题：【原文】Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger.Not all will be saved，andperhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality business.We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist.But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened.They are doing a fine job educationally，but they are caught in a financial squeeze，with no way to reduce rising costs or increase revenuessignificantly.Raising tuition doesnt bring in more revenue，for each time tuition goes up，the enrollment goes down，or the amount that must be given away in student aid goes up.Schools are bad businesses，whether public or private，not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise.They lose money on every customer，and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students.Even a very good college is a very bad business.It is such colleges，thriving but threatened，I worry about.Low enrollment is not their chief problem.Even with full enrollments，they may go under.Efforts to save them，and preferably to keep them private，are a national necessity.There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently (固有地)better than public schools.Examples to the contrary abound.Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rankas the finest in the nation and the world.It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant，and therefore diversity is a national necessity.Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education.In an imperfect society such as ours，uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous.In an imperfect society，diversity is a positive good. Enthusiastic supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.大学英语四级阅读题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question：1.According to the authors opinion，schools are bad businesses because of _______.A.mismanagementB.too few studentsC.financial squeezeD.their characteristics2.The author used the phrase “go under” in Para. 3 to mean “_______”。
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案
大学英语四级阅读习题(一)Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents' culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents' privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers' apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors' homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns_____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that_____.A) children don't like their parentsB) parents don't feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from one's family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers' apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题答案1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probablyrefers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.大学英语四级阅读习题答案21. B 22. C 23. A 24.C 25. B。
大学英语阅读试题及答案
大学英语阅读试题及答案
一、阅读理解（共20分，每小题4分）
1. 根据文章内容，作者认为大学教育的主要目的是什么？
A. 培养职业技能
B. 促进个人全面发展
C. 提高就业率
D. 增加学术研究
2. 文章提到了哪些因素对大学生的学术表现有影响？
A. 家庭背景
B. 学习态度
C. 个人兴趣
D. 所有上述因素
3. 作者对于大学教育的期望是什么？
A. 学生能够找到满意的工作
B. 学生能够获得终身学习的能力
C. 学生能够对社会有所贡献
D. 学生能够获得丰富的社交经验
4. 文章中提到的“批判性思维”是指什么？
A. 怀疑一切
B. 接受所有观点
C. 分析和评估信息的能力
D. 仅凭直觉做决策
5. 根据文章，大学教育应该如何适应社会的变化？
A. 增加实践课程
B. 减少理论教学
C. 与企业合作
D. 所有上述方法
答案：
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. C
5. D。
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【原文】The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper，lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earths surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantleto produce all of the major topographical(地形学的)features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occur are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. Newoceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth s crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents，a rift(裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the tea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks,too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question:1.The Earths crust______.A.can be classified into two typesB.is formed along the margins of the platesC.consists of semi-molten rocksD.is about 70 to 100 kilometers thick2.The 15 plates of the Earth are formed from ___.A.the oceanic crusts and continental crustsB.the crusts and the mantleC.the crusts and the top and solid part of the mantleD.the continental crusts and the solid part of the mantle3.Seriously-deformed zones appear _______A.whenever the crusts move over mantleB.when the plates move towards each otherC.in the narrow boundaries where two plates meetD.to be the major topographical feature of the Earth4.According to the second paragraph, the formation of the Atlantic Ocean is the example of_______.A.spreading contactsB.the influence of volcanic eruptionsC.converging contactsD.transform contacts5.This passage is probably_______.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a chapter of a novelC.an excerpt from a textbookD.a scientific report of new findings大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【答案】1.[A] 事实细节题。
大学英语阅读试题及答案
大学英语阅读试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
A. 短文一In recent years, the popularity of online courses has surged, with millions of students around the world taking advantageof the convenience and flexibility they offer. Online courses provide a wide range of subjects, from humanities to science, and are accessible to anyone with an internet connection. However, there are concerns about the quality of education that can be delivered through this medium.问题1： Why has the popularity of online courses increased in recent years?答案1： The popularity of online courses has increased due to the convenience and flexibility they offer, allowing millions of students to access a wide range of subjects through the internet.问题2： What are the concerns regarding online courses?答案2： There are concerns about the quality of educationthat can be delivered through online courses.B. 短文二The concept of a "smart city" is becoming more prevalent as technology advances. A smart city uses technology to improve the quality of life for its citizens, enhance sustainability, and facilitate efficient urban services. For example, smart traffic management systems can reduce congestion, while smart energy systems can optimize energy consumption.问题3： What is a smart city?答案3： A smart city is a city that uses technology to improve the quality of life for its citizens, enhance sustainability, and facilitate efficient urban services.问题4： What are some of the benefits of smart city technology?答案4： Benefits include improved quality of life, enhanced sustainability, and optimized energy consumption through efficient urban services like smart traffic and energy management systems.二、完形填空（共10分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
大学英语阅读理解精选题,含答案
大学英语阅读理解精选题，含答案1.What happened to the bookseller one day?He lost a box of books.His foot was wounded by a box of books.（正确答案）He lent the doctor a box of books.He sold out all his books.2.The bookseller＇s wife asked him_________.to go out for some medicineto send somebody for a doctorto go to see the doctor（正确选项）to wait for the doctor to come3.The bookseller didn＇t take his wife＇s advice because________.he was afraid of the doctorhe didn＇t like to take medicinehe couldn＇t walk by himselfhe didn＇t want to pay the doctor（正确答案）4.The doctor paid________for the books.one poundtwo poundsnothing（正确答案）something5.The bookseller paid________money for seeing the doctor in the end.more（√）lessthe same amount ofno6.Newton is a place which________.used to be very cleanis no longer a cityis very clean（√）will be very clean7.When the government first ordered the people to kill rats,the people ________.asked for some money for each dead ratstole dead rats from the pilewere too lazy to kill many rats（正确选项）killed nearly all the rats quickly8.The people killed rats_________.to get money from the government（√）to help the government make the city cleanto make the government officer happyto protect(保护)their cats and dogs9.A deep hole was dug so that________.the rats couldn＇t come out to attack people at nightpeople could take rats from it easilypeople would kill more ratsnobody could take any rats from the pile（正确选项）10.What is the best topic for this passage?How to Kill RatsNewton-A City of RatsHow Newton Became a Very Clean Place（正确选项）How Newton Became a Famous City11.Mr.Forester lived________.with his family in a citywith his family in the countrysidealone in a cityalone in the countryside（正确答案）12.Tom_________went into town.oftenalwaysalmost never（正确答案）everyday13.The old people in the restaurant read their newspapers__________.with glasses on（正确选项）with glasses offwith glasses of beer in front of themwith glass pipes in their mouths14.The shop Tom went into sold_________.drinking glasses and cupsglass for windows and doorsglasses for people who could not readglasses for people who could not see well（正确答案）15.What kind of mistake did Tom make?He went to the wrong kind of shop.He didn＇t try on all the glasses in the shop.He thought that a person who had not learned to read would be able to do so if he wore glasses.（正确答案）He left his money in the restaurant16.James Thornhill was an English________.workerartist（正确答案）kingwriter17.He was ordered to_________.paint the wall of the king＇s palace in Englandpaint some pictures on the wall of the palace（正确答案）build a big platform in front of the palaceput up some new pictures on the old wall18.It took them_________to finish the pictures.a montha weektwelve months（正确答案）half a month19.James Thornhill felt that the________he was from the pictures,the ________they were.nearer...more beautifulfarther...more uglyfarther...more beautiful（正确答案）higher above...more good-looking20.The worker threw some paint at the pictures in order to________.save James＇life（正确答案）destroy the picturemake the picture more beautifulmake the king angry21.The topic sentence of Para.1is_________.Morgan Rees has always been a good businessman（正确答案）he used to own three petrol stations and was busy most of the timewhen Morgan Rees was65,he got retiredreluctantly,he handed over the business to his son22.The topic sentence of Para.2is____________.he didn＇t know what to do with himselfhe went on holiday to interesting places with his wifehe was unhappy after he got retired（√）none of them23.Which of the following statements can best express the main idea of Para.3?One day he saw an advertisement in the newspaper.He bought a small crockery factory in secret and started work again.（正确答案）He told his family he bought a small crockery factory.His family was horrified and worried when they learned he bought the small factory.24.What is the central idea of the last paragraph?Morgan Rees has worked until he is76.Morgan Rees has developed the export market and improved the profits by200%.Morgan Rees hasn’t been bored since he bought the factory.Since he started working again,Morgan Rees has expanded the company considerably,which has enriched his retired life.（√）25.The passage mainly deals with________.why Morgan Rees bought a small crockery factoryhow Morgan Rees lived his retired life more happily by turning to work again（正确选项）how Moran Rees became a good businessmanhow Moran Rees expanded the company considerably26.Why did John Preston call a meeting last week?Because the residents were dissatisfied with the present residents＇committee.Because the residents were dissatisfied with the bad management of the flats.（√）Because some residents requested to change the present residents＇committee.Because he wanted to become Chairman of the committee.27.Who elected John as chairman of the committee?The agent.The residents.（正确选项）The committee.Acacia Grove.28.What does the word"inactivity"mean in the third sentence in Para. l?WeaknessProgressStateLack of actions（√）29.What does the word"due"mean in the first sentence of Para.2?to be paid（正确答案）properowedlarge30.When did they agree to pay the next service payment?At the end of the month.Within one month.When they were happy with the plans to improve the property.（正确答案）The agent would tell them.31.This passage mainly tells us__________.the author and her brother used to like stamps very muchthe author had a very kind motherthe author and her brothers had an unforgettable experience in collecting stamps（√）their mother used to support them by working in the post office32.According to the passage,her mother worked in the post officeduring the weekon Saturdays（正确答案）on Sundaysfor six days33.Their mother told them to go to the post office straightaway after the match if England won,but she didn＇t tell them why.Why do you think she did that?She wanted to give them a surprise.（正确选项）She doubted if she would get the stamps.She forgot to do that.She thought it unnecessary to tell them the reason.34.What does the sentence"We were over the moon."mean?We jumped high.We were extremely happy about it.（正确答案）We watched the moon for a long time.We couldn＇t sleep the whole night.35.What is the best title for this passage?My ChildhoodMy MotherA Precious StampA Memorable Experience in Collecting Stamps（正确选项）36.Which of the following has become one of America＇s fastest growing businesses?Selling home furnishings.Renting furnished apartments.Selling used furniture.Renting home furnishings.（正确选项）37.Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?__________________Because the furniture they get in this way is new.Because it saves them a lot of money.Because it saves them much trouble and money.（正确选项）Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way.38.What can you infer from the passage?________________________The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.Renting furniture is not popular in the couple＇s home town.（正确选项）Only those who don’t have enough money to rent furniture.People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented.39.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? ______________Rent or Buy?A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings.（正确选项）Furnished Apartments.A New Idea40.Young people liked renting home furniture in that__________________they have less money.they don＇t want to buy old furniture.the new furniture is of good quality.they don＇t have much money and don＇t want to buy the cheap furniture.（正确选项）41.From Para.1,we know that in America______________.people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made man（√）people can always rise to the top through their won effortscollege professors win great respect from common workerspeople feel painful to mention their fathers as labors42.According to the passage,the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because_____________servants in America are hard to getshe takes pride in what she can do herself（正确答案）she can hardly afford servantsit is easy to prepare a meal with canned food43.The underlined expression"wait on table"in Para2means"__________________".work in a furniture shopkeep accounts for a barwait to lay the tableserve customers in a restaurant（√）44.The author＇s attitude towards manual labor is______________.positive（√）negativehumorouscritical45.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage? ________________A Respectable Self-made FamilyAmerican Attitude toward Manual Labor（√）Characteristics of American CultureThe Development of Manual Labor46.The origin of language is_____________.a legend handed down from the pasta matter that is hidden or secreta question difficult to answera problem not yet solved（√）47.What is true about words?______________They are used to express feelings only.They can not be written down.They are simply sounds.（正确选项）They are mysterious.48.The real power of words consists in their_____________.propertiescharacteristicspeculiarityrepresentative function（正确选项）49.By"association"in the last paragraph,the author means___________.a special qualitya joining of ideas in the mind（正确答案）an appearance which is puzzlinga strange feature50.Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?He is no more than a master of words.（正确答案）He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.He can move men to tears.His style is always charming.51.What does the author try to prove by citing"what kind of impression am I making?(Para.1)_________Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.People＇s shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.（√）It＇s natural that shy people don＇t believe other＇s compliments.Shy people think they are different from others.52.According to the writer,self-awareness is__________.a good quality（正确选项）the cause of unhappinessharmful to peoplea weak point of shy people53.That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is___________.goodunrealvery reasonableharmful（正确选项）54.Which of the following statements is true,according to the passage? ____________Shyness helps us to develop our potentialShyness enables us to understand ourselves betterShyness can block our chances for a rich life（正确选项）Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem55.It can be inferred from the passage that shy people__________.should find more of their weaknessshould understand themselves in the right way（√）had better ignore their weaknesscan get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem56.What is the main idea of this passage?_________It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.The role of time in social life over the world.（正确答案）If people are late,they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the U.S.Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.57.What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours?A matter of work.A matter of life or death.（√）You want to see him or her.You want to make an appointment with him or her.58.Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend in the U.S.A.?at7:00amat4:00pm（正确答案）at the midnightat4:00am59.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? _________In the U.S.A.guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.No misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures about the concept of time.It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in thePromptness is valued highly in American life.（√）60.From the passage we can safely infer that___________it＇s a matter of life or death if you call someone in day time.the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.（正确选项）it makes no difference in the U.S.whether you are early or late for a business party.if a person is late for a date,he needn＇t make some explanation.61.Our long-term goals mean a1ot________.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsif we complete the short-term goals（√）if we have dreams of the futureif we put forward some plans62.New short-term goals are built upon____________.a daily basisyour achievement in a weekcurrent activitiesthe goals that have been completed（正确选项）63.When we complete each step of our goals,_________.we will win final successwe are overwhelmedwe will build up our confidence to achieve success（正确选项）we should have strong desire for setting new goals64.What is the main idea of this passage?_____________Life is a dynamic thing.We should set up long-term goals.Different kinds of goals in life.（正确选项）The limitation of long-term goals.65.Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage? __________The long-term goals cannot amount to very much without achieving short-term goals.The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals.Life is a static thing,thus never allowing a long-term goal to limit us.（正确选项）We should often add new short-term goals to what have been completed.66.What makes a scientist according to the passage?___________The tools he uses.The way he uses his tools.（正确答案）His ways of learning.The various tools he uses.67.The underlined part in the passage shows___________.the importance of informationthe importance of thinkingthe difference between scientists and ordinary people（正确答案）the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs68.A sound scientific theory should be one that___________.works not only under one set of conditions at one time,but also under the same conditions at other times（正确答案）does not allow any changes even under different conditionscan be used for many purposesleave no room for improvement69.The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate______________.that measurements are keys to success m sciencethat accuracy of mathematicsthat investigations are important science（√）that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations70.What is the main idea of the passage?_____________The theory of relativity.Exactness is the core of science.Scientists are different from ordinary people.Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.（正确答案）71.Which of the following statements is NOT true?___________People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.People who work in London prefer to live in the country.（√）Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.Many nature lovers,though working in London,prefer to live outside the city.72.With the same money__________,one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.getting a small flat with a gardenhaving a small flat with a gardenrenting a small flat without a garden（正确答案）buying a small flat without a garden73.When the garden is in blossom,it means that one__________has been rewarded.living in the countryhaving spent time working in the garden（√）having a garden of his ownhaving been digging,planting and watering74.People who think happiness lies in the town would feel that____________if they had to live outside London.their life was meaningless（√）their life was invaluablethey didn＇t deserve a happy lifethey were not worthy of their happy life75.The underlined phrase get from in the3rd paragraph refers to___________.deal withdo away withescape fromprevent from。
大学英语一题库阅读理解_试卷_答案
大学英语一阅读理解一、阅读理解（共 505 题,共 101 分）1. Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since thefederal cigarette tax more than doubled —to $1. 01 per pack — smokers have jammed telephone“ quit crosslines” a the country seeking to kick the habit.This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every taxincrease.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve publichealth, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, whichis when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄ 10.06 at onedrugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78.The influence is obvious.In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. Bycomparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden ofthe tax falls on low- income Americans“ who choosesmoketo.”That ’ s true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked inthe first place, As for today’ s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on theirfamilies, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.（1分）(1) The text is mainly about___________.（0.2分）A.the price of cigarettesB.the rate of teen smokingC.the effect of tobacco tax increaseD.the differences in tobacco tax rate标准答案：C(2) What does the author think is a surprise?（0.2分）A.Teen smokers are price sensitive.B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.C.Tobacco taxes improve public health.D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.标准答案：B(3) The underlined word "deter Paragraph”in 3 most probably means . （ 0.2 分）A.discardingB.removeC.benefitD.free标准答案：A(4) Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of .（0.2分）A.toleranceB.unconcernC.doubtD.sympathy标准答案： D(5) What can we learn from the last paragraph? （ 0.2 分）A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.C.Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D.Adults will depend more on their families.标准答案： A2. Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With achecklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They soughta university that offered the teenager’ s intended major, one located neat a large city, and a campus where theirdaughter would be safe.“ The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked :what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer—“ That ’ s not a problem here,” —Mahoney began to feel uneasy.“ No crime whatsoever?” comments Mahoney today.“ I just don’ t buy it.” Nor should he: in 1999 the U. S. Department of education had reent-count: 2.0; mports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses.“ Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college, d Nichols, author”ofsays DaviCreating a Safe Campus.“ Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation.”But getting accurate information isn ’ t easy. Colleges must report crime统计statistics(数字)by law, but some holdback for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest on es looking dangerous.“ The truth may not always be serious,”warms S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc. , the nation’ s leading campus safety watchdog group.To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find outmajor crime issues and effective solutions.（1分）(1) The Mahoneys visited quite a few colleges last August ________（ 0.2 分）A.to express the opinions of many parentsB.to choose a right one four their daughterC.to check the cost of college educationD.to find a tight one near a large city标准答案： B(2) It is often difficult to get correct information on campus crime because some colleges ____（ 0.2 分）A.receive too many visitorsB.mirror the rest of the nationC.hide the truth of campus crimeD.have too many watchdog groups标准答案：C(3) The underlined word“ buy” in the third paragraph means（0.2分）A.mindB.admitC.believeD.expect标准答案：C(4) We learn from the text that“ the honest onesourth paragraph”inthemostf probably refers to colleges _____.（0.2 分）A.that are protected by campus securityB.that report campus crimes by lawC.that are free from campus crimeD.that enjoy very good publicity标准答案：B(5) What is the text mainly about?（0.2分）A.Exact campus crime statisticsB.Crimes on or around campusesC.Effective solutions to campus crimeD.Concerns about kids’ campus safety标准答案：D3.Superman, Spider-Man, Batman and Iron Man ... .There is no shortage of superheroes. You find them incomic books, on the TV and the big screen.In a survey of fans by the sci-fi ( 科幻 ) and fantasy website, , Batman, 70 years old this year, was voted Britain's favorite superhero.Unlike many crime-fighting superheroes Batman has no special powers. He can't fly like Superman or shoot asticky (粘性的 ) web like Spider-Man.Bruce Wayne is born to a wealthy Gotham City business family. However, when his parents are murdered his lifechanges completely.Wayne feels anger at their deaths and guilty that he did not prevent them. He travels around the world learning howto fight. Upon returning to Gotham, he creates a disguise ( 伪装 ) to enable him to fight crime without being recognized.A childhood fear of bats leads him to choose to dress as one. His idea is that through the bat persona ( 角色 ) he can prove to himself that he has overcome his childhood fears.Wayne is the CEO of the company he inherits ( 继承 ) from his father. He seems to live the lifestyle of a millionaire playboy. But this is a ruse ( 计策 ). He works hard at the image to allow himself the freedom he needs to do his work as a crime fighter. "Bruce Wayne, playboy" is the disguise; Batman is the real person."Wayne is not a born superhero. Instead, he is a real, complex person," said Dace Golder, editor of the website. "He is the most realistic of all the superheroes. I am particularly interested in the emotional process by which a boy becomes a hero. His superhero qualities come from within." （ 1 分）(1) What is the article mainly about?（0.2分）A.How Bruce Wayne develops into a superhero.B.How to overcome childhood fears.C.What makes a superhero.D.Why superheroes enjoy great popularity in Britain.标准答案：A(2) Batman differs from other superheroes in that .（0.2分）A.he was not a born superheroB.he had an unhappy childhoodC.he doesn't have any special powersD.he does his best to fight crime标准答案：C(3) Bruce Wayne decides to dress like a bat because of .（0.2分）A.his curiosity about batsB.his childhood fear of batsC.his parents' sudden deathD.his unusual travel experiences标准答案：B(4) Why does Wayne live like a playboy?（0.2分）A.He prefers the lifestyle of a playboy.B.He doesn't know how to run a company.C.He loves freedom more than anything else.D.He needs to disguise his crime fighting activities.标准答案：D(5) Which of the following statements is true about Batman?（0.2分）A.Batman is a born superheroB.He has special powersC.The turning point of his life is due to his parents' sudden deathD.He actually lives the lifestyle of a millionaire playboy标准答案：C4.History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery. A striking example is provided by Dr. Otto Loewi, a pharmacologist ( 药理学家 ) and winner of a Nobel Prize. Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission ( 传送 ) of nerve impulses ( 脉搏 ). A major breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row. The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper. But the next morning, he couldn't tell what the notes meant. On the third night, he got up after having the dream. This time, instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the important experiment. Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would not have given it another thought.Loewi's experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions. Nervous feelings are reduced during dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view. Being able to take advantage of dreams for solving is improved if you "set" yourself before retiring. Before you go to bed, try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve. Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information. Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams. Although this method is not guaranteed to produce an original solution or a new insight, it is certain to be an adventure. About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem. （ 1 分）(1) Through Loewi's experiment, the author tries to prove that .（ 0.2 分）A.very little is really known about the meaning of dreamsB.it is possible to "catch" one's dreams by planning before going to sleepC.dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to one'sproblems D.it helped in the study of transmission of nerve impulses 标准答案： C(2) The first paragraph is mainly organized by .（0.2分）A.classifying types of experimentsB.summarizing the work of one researcherparing and exploring historical casesD.telling in time order about one man's research标准答案：D(3) If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake, he would have .（ 0.2 分）A.asked someone else to do itB.thought it was a bad ideaC.tried it out on his ownD.thought it was a wise idea标准答案：B(4) The author probably thinks that .（0.2分）A.Loewi should not have conducted his experimentB.dreaming is of very little value to most peopleC.nervous feelings may stop someone thinking of useful ideasD.college students should not try out dream experiments标准答案：C(5) According to the passage, the author seems to be in favor of .（0.2分）A.seeking creative solutionsB.avoiding scientific experimentsC.nervous feelings before dreamsD.becoming a famous scientist标准答案：A5. Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert ( 警报 ) system using textmessages delivered to cell phones.Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years,particularly among young people.The wireless industrytrade association,CTIA,estimates ( 估计 ) more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act,a 2006 federal law that requires improvement to thenation ’ s emergency alert system.The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming upwith new ways to alert the public about emergencies.“ The ability to deliver accurate and time ly warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services isan important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to takeaction to protect themselves and their families before,and during,di sasters and other emergencies,” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan.Participation in the alert system by carriers－telecommunications companies－is voluntary,but it has received solidsupport from the wireless industry.The program would be optional for cell phone users.They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.There would be three different types of messages,according to the rules.The first would be a national alert from the president,likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster.The secondwould involve“ approaching threats” ,which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings.The third would be reserved for child abduction ( 绑架 ) emergencies,or so-called Amber Alerts.The service could be in place by 2010. （1 分）(1) What is the purpose of the approved plan?（0.2分）A.To warn people of emergencies via messages.B.To popularize the use of cell phones.C.To estimate the monthly number of messages.D.To promote the wireless industry.标准答案：A(2) The improvement to the present system is in the charge of .（0.2分）A.CTIAB.the Warning Alert and Response NetworkC.FCCD.federal regulators标准答案：C(3) The carriers’ participation in the system is determined（by0.2.分）A.the US federal governmentB.mobile phone usersC.the carriers themselvesD.the law of the United States标准答案：C(4) Which of the following is true of cell phone users?（0.2分）A.They must accept the alert service.B.They may enjoy the alert service for free.C.They must send the alerts to others.D.They may choose the types of messages.标准答案：B(5) An alert message will NOT be sent if .（0.2分）A.a child loses his wayB.a university shooting happensC.a natural disaster happensD.a terrorist attack occurs标准答案：A6. Negative （消极的） self talk and negative energy can affect you m many ways and cause you additionalstress． Because of this ， developing more Positive self talk’ s an important way to reduce stress．inYouyour lifecan help yourself maintain a positive frame of mind一which will help with positive self talk一by surroundingyourself with positive energy in your life．You can get that by adding some elements to your life．Listening to music that not only has a soothing melody，but an uplifting message，can be great for developingpositive self talk ． Have you ever had a song“ stuck in your head” for a few，hoursthelyricsordaysrepeatingthemselves in your mind?’’ If those lyrics were positive and inspirational，thatwould be a good thing. It’ s a much better mental soundtrack to have than a running stream of complaints，criticisms of self-limiting thoughts，or evensongs that had more depressing or sad lyrics.Books on strength, personal power, enlightenment, or self help can be good resources to help you change youroutlook and the things you say to yourself. Rather than bringing habitual self-defeating thoughts，you can findyourself thinking of new can-do concepts when times get tough．One of the most important ways you can get and keep positive energy in your life is with the company youkeep． Do your friends uplift you， or bring you down? Are they critical， or complementary? Ideal friendshipsprovide support when you’ re down, fun when you， wisdom’rewhenup you ’ re lost，and positive regard. Goodfriends can inspire you to reach greater heights， and see your strengths even when you don’ t always. Pay attention to how your friends make you feel，and if they’ re less than supportive，start putting your energy and time towardpeople who are better suited to be your friend.In addition ， positive affirmations（肯定） can certainly change your self talk from negative to positive． Now ，why not begin working positive affirmations into your life in some creative ways?（1 分）(1) What does the passage mainly talk about? （0.2 分）A.Reducing stress by surrounding yourself with positive energy.B.Adding some elements to your life.C.Getting positive energy from the company you keep.D.Changing your self talk with positive affirmation.标准答案： A(2) How many ways does the author suggest to maintain a positive frame of mind?（ 0.2 分）A.3 ．B.4 ．C.5．D.6 ．标准答案： B(3) If you have something“ stuck in your head” . you probably（ 0.2分） .A.keep singing the same song for a long timeB.keep thinking of this thing all the timeC.regard the lyrics of a song as positiveD.are developing positive self-talk标准答案： B(4) According to the passage ， your best company should be those who _____________________.（ 0.2 分）A.uplift you or bring you downB.provide fun w hen you’ re downC.encourage you to do things even betterD.are less than supportive标准答案： C(5) What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?（ 0.2 分）A.How negative self talk influences a person．B.How positive self talk reduces stress in one ’ s life．C.Some great ways of making great friends．D.Some creative ways of practicing affirmation．标准答案： D7.Since weeks ago ， China has been involved a worldwide A/H 1 N 1 flu that has already killed more than80 people in the middle of May ， 2009 ， in Mexico and has turned into a global pandemic.The central government has asked people entering China from the virus-hit countries to report flu-like symptoms(症状 )to the authorities. In an emergency notice issued on Saturday night，the country’s top quality atchdogw orderedthe Customs to check passengers’ temperature，too.A Beijing airport official Li said Customs officers are on a high alert(警戒)level.“ Three temperature detectors are now in operation. We’ re ready with protection garments，andtoo. equipment Passengers flying in from Mexico and other A/H1N1 flu-hit countries are being monitored closely，” he said.The Ministry of Health ， however， said yesterday there was no evidence to suggest that a person would contractthe disease by eating pork.Hong Kong ， too ， has raised its alert level against the flu to“ serious＆”Health.Secretary，Mr.Yf or kFoodChow urged people to avoid visiting places from where A/H1N1 flu cases have been reported，and said the viruswould be added to Hong Kong’ s list of the diseaseshich havew been noticed.The terrible A/H1 N1 flu has been contracted by about 4000 people in Mexico，and most of the killed were aged between 25 and 45.The virus has also infected about 5000 people in the US. The US Center for Disease Control said this kind of virusis spreading from human to human ， raising fears of a global pandemic.（1分）(1) What is the passage mainly about?（0.2分）A.A/H1N1 flu killed more than 80 people.B.A/H1N1 flu is spreading from human to human.C.China has begun to take steps to prevent A/H1N1 flu.D.All the people are strongly affected by A/H1 N1 flu.标准答案：C(2) The underlined word“ pandemic” in the first paragraph probably（means0.2分）A.deathB.panicC.enemyD.disease标准答案：D(3) Why does the flu cause global fears?（0.2分）A.Because most people in the world eat pork.B.Because it’ s spreading from human to human.C.Because we still don’ t know the cause of it.D.Because it has infected about 5 ， 000 people.标准答案：B(4) According to the passage ， which of the following is TRUE?（0.2分）A.People would contract the A/H1N1 flu if they often eat pork.B.The virus of the A/H1N1 flu has infected people all over the world.C.People from AH1N1 flu—hit countries are all forbidden to enter China.D.People should avoid visiting places where A/H1N1 flu cases have been reported.标准答案：D(5) We can infer from the passage that .（0.2分）A.Students in the middle school are most likely infected by A/H1N1 flu.B.A person would be infected by the virus by eating pork.C.Passengers from the United States are being monitored closely.’ s list of the diseases.D.Mr. York Chow said that the virus had been added to Hong Kong 标准答案： C8.People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel andof several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eateninto the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion ( 侵蚀 ) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has becomemore serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting theyear in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eatenas limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in oneof the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turnout to be a knockdown home. （ 1 分）(1) What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?（ 0.2 分）A.The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B.The experts’ lack of knowledge.C.The rising of the sea level.D.The washing-away of limestone cliffs.标准答案： D(2) The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England ________.（ 0.2 分）A.will soon become a problem for people living in central EnglandB.has now become a threat to the local residentsC.is quickly changing the map of EnglandD.can be stopped if proper measures are taken标准答案： B(3) The experts’ studythe onproblem of erosion can ________. （ 0.2 分）A.lead to its eventual solutionB.provide an effective way to slow it downC.help to prevent it from worseningD.warn people whose homes are in danger标准答案：D(4) It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ________.（0.2分）A.it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areasB.the government is too slow in taking actionC.they will be easily knocked down by waves and currentsD.house agents along the coast do not support the idea标准答案：A(5) According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should ________.（ 0.2分）A.be aware of the potential danger involvedB.guard against being cheated by the house agentC.take the quality of the house into considerationD.examine the house carefully before making a decision标准答案：A9. Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general．Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professionalthan civilian （百姓的） clothes ． People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform ． The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes ． Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform ． What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity （身份） than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits． They save on other clothes ． They save on laundry bills ． They are tax-deductible （可减税的）． They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them． Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement ． When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems ． Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes ． Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.（1 分）(1) It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.（ 0.2 分）A.still judge a man by his clothesB.hold the uniform in such high regardC.enjoy having a professional identityD.will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform标准答案： B(2) People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.（ 0.2 分）A.suggests quality workB.discards his social identityC.appears to be more practicalD.looks superior to a person in civilian clothes标准答案： A(3) The chief function of a uniform is to _______.（ 0.2 分）A.provide practical benefits to the wearerB.make the wearer catch the public eyeC.inspire the wearer’ s confidence in himselfD.provide the wearer with a professional identity标准答案： D(4) According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.（ 0.2 分）A.are usually helpfulB.have little or no individual freedomC.tend to lose their individualityD.enjoy greater popularity标准答案： C(5) The best title for this passage would be _______.（ 0.2 分）A.Uniforms and SocietyB.The Importance of Wearing a UniformC.Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD.Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms标准答案： D10. Priscilla Ouchida’ s- efficient“energy ” house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineerhusband married a few years ago, they built a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed toprevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned ( 双层玻璃的 ) windows and several otherenergy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in,however. Priscilla’ s eyes burned. Her throatwas constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenlydeveloped a strange illness.Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde (甲醛 ) gas in her kitchen was twice themaximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets andwall-to-wall carpeting.The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of thenation ’ s drive to save energy. The problem itself isn’ t new. “ The indoor environment was dirty long before en conservation came along,” says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland.conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.”The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the dayswhen energy was cheap, home builders didn’ t worry much about unsealed cracksauseof.Becsuch leaks, the air inan average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated inmost households seldom build up to dangerous levels. （ 1 分）(1) It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas house ________.（0.2分）A.is well worth the money spent on its constructionB.is almost faultless from the point of energy conservationC.failed to meet energy conservation standardsD.was designed and constructed in a scientific way标准答案：B(2) What m ade the Ouchidas’ new house a horrible dream?（0.2分）ck of fresh air.B.Poor quality of building materials.C.Gas leakage in the kitchen.D.The newly painted walls.标准答案：A(3) The word“ accentuate” (Line 4, Para. 3) most probably means（0.2分“）________” .A.relieveB.accelerateC.worsenD.improve标准答案：C(4) Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?（0.2分）。
大学英语阅读理解练习题及答案
大学英语阅读理解练习题及答案Passage 1Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes garden, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.B. All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country.C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside.2. With the same money needed for ________, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.A. getting a small flat with a gardenB. having a small flat with a gardenC. renting a small flat without a gardenD. buying a small flat without a garden3. When the garden is in blossom, the one ________ has been rewarded.A. living in the countryB. having spent time working in the garden.C. having a garden of his own.D. having been digging, planting and watering4. People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that ________ if they had to live outside London.A. their life was meaninglessB. their life was invaluableC. they didn’t deserve a happy lifeD. they were not worthy of their happy life5. The underlined phrase “get away from” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ________.A. deal withB. do away withC. escape fromD. prevent from很多在伦敦工作的人喜欢住在伦敦郊外，然后每天乘火车、汽车和公交车去上班或上学。
大学英语四级深度阅读题及详解
1.What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people whoarrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they putin their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).It’s wha t we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted【答案及详解】1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guiltyabout sth. “对……感到有愧”。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之一（含答案）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二（含答案）The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. Butthere were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agricula tural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which o f the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60％b. 50％c. 33％d. 90％答案：cdabc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之三（含答案）Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs. College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist. "Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 19852c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之四（含答案）Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little3b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之五（含答案）The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之六（含答案）As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.4Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之七（含答案）In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and5architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之八（含答案）There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.6The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之九（含答案）As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.7Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十（含答案）If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of8supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on V enus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十一（含答案）What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is9depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.a.besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc.not considering other factsd.according to other facts4.Which of the following is facts?a.People's preference of one colour to another is instinctb.People's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.a.its shapeb.its structurec.its colourd.its building materials答案：bcaac大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十二（含答案）Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.10。
大学英语本科试题及答案
大学英语本科试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
A) He is going to the library.B) He is going to the cinema.C) He is going to the bookstore.D) He is going to the hospital.[答案] A2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题。
What is the main topic of the passage?A) The importance of education.B) The benefits of traveling.C) The advantages of technology.D) The impact of globalization.[答案] B二、阅读理解（共30分）阅读以下文章，回答下列问题。
Passage 1[文章内容略]3. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A) The history of the city.B) The cultural diversity of the city.C) The economic development of the city.D) The environmental issues of the city.[答案] B4. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A) The city has a population of over 10 million.B) The city is known for its high-tech industry.C) The city has a rich history of over 500 years.D) The city is famous for its natural resources.[答案] APassage 2[文章内容略]5. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To persuade readers to take action.B) To inform readers about a new discovery.C) To entertain readers with a humorous story.D) To describe a personal experience.[答案] A6. What can be inferred from the passage?A) The author believes in the power of technology.B) The author is skeptical about the future.C) The author is urging for environmental protection.D) The author is promoting a new product.[答案] C三、词汇与语法（共20分）7. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.The company has decided to _______ the new product line.A) launchB) landC) brandD) claim[答案] A8. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.Despite the heavy rain, they _______ the game.A) gave upB) carried onC) put offD) turned down[答案] B四、完型填空（共15分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the options provided.Passage 3[文章内容略]9. The _______ of the old building was damaged in the storm.A) structureB) surfaceC) foundationD) appearance[答案] A10. The _______ of the new policy was met with mixed reactions.A) implementationB) introductionC) enforcementD) execution[答案] B五、翻译（共15分）Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.11. The rapid development of technology has changed our lives in many ways.[答案] 技术的快速发展在许多方面改变了我们的生活。
大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案
大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案「篇一」1. C 细节题。
因为Leadville可以为Tabor带来巨富。
这一点不是Leadville得名的原因，因为在文章第二段中，讲到这一点时，提及三个原因：A.因为Tabor成为当地的居民代表人物，B.因为在Leadville有丰富的铅的储藏量。
D.因为Leadville是因为Tabor重要而起的名。
2. D 词汇题。
第二段中grubstake的词义与D所述内容是相同的，即“供给探矿者资金，衣物，食品以及其他物品”。
3. A 细节题。
Tabor第一次真正发财是他为两名矿工提供资助，为此他获得他们矿资源三分之一的股份。
见文章第三段4-9行内容：两名开矿者从Tabor那儿借走价值17美元的物品，作为回报，Tabor获得他们矿资源三分之一股份。
于是两位开矿者在一座山旁的不毛之地开始挖掘，九天之后，发现了银的富矿，于是Tabor又将两人的.股份全买下，这样，银矿属于Tabor一个人所有，这个矿就是后来著名的“匹兹堡”矿。
Tabor用17美元的投资换来了130万美元的收获。
4. B 推断题。
由原文可知泰勃的财产来源是有一定偶然性的，但是毕竟也是基于他开创“grubstake”模式，因为A、D都不对，C更是没有根据，因为他还没有娶第二位夫人这一切就发生了。
分析泰勃的做法，会得出B选项所示的结论。
5. B 推断题。
如果本文是一篇文章的第一部分，那么在文章的第二部分将介绍谁呢?可以从文章第一句分析出来，在Leadville的黄金年代，其多彩的特点当中，Tabor及其第二任妻子Elizabeth McCourt是值得大书特书的，接着，文章都在讲述有关H.A.W.Tabor发家致富的历史，如先买下匹兹堡矿，后又买下Matchless矿，最后成为市长，代理州长，等等，所以涉及到的全是男主人公，因此下边再讲的话，应成为女主人公即Elizabeth McCourt的天地了，她是Tabor的第二任妻子。
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•阅读理解(共75小题, 75分)作业与测试 > 测试分析阅读理解75题，总分值：75分Directions：Read the following passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized (利用) to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or develop resources hitherto (到目前为止) unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations (创新) for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example, in the early industrialized countries of Europe, the process of industrialization —with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed —was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements —themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect.1)What is believed to directly affect the welfare of people according to the passage?A. Varying measures of centralized controlB. Economic strength and wealth of the community.C. Economists and operational research experts.D. Help of specialized scientists.2)How can the governments do to promote the production?A. By interfering in different sectors that can promote science and technology to ensure smooth operationB. By asking the scientists and technologists to improve efficiency.C. By utilizing natural resources to the best advantage.D. By changing the structure of education to train more scientists.3)What can be inferred from the development in mass-communications?A. People are constantly changing their customs and ideas.B. People always want something new and remarkable to feel better.C. Governments are under greater pressure of bringing about new inventions.D. Governments are often forced to keep up with new customs and ideas.4)What has posed pressures and problems for the governments concerned according to the passage?A. Social changes throughout the world are speeding up compared with the past.B. The rate of social changes in the early industrialized countries is becoming slow now.C. The far-reaching changes in social patterns can be spread over in a developing country within a decade.D. The normal rate of social changes is taking place at a steady speed.5)Why are governments becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists?A. Because governments need to handle social stresses and problems.B. Because governments want to learn from early industrialized countries.C. Because governments have to make modern means of transport relatively easy.D. Because governments need them for the industrialization of their own countries.参考答案：1) B 2) A 3) C 4) A 5) A解析：（无）∧收起解析Why do smokers tend to weigh less than nonsmokers and gain weight when they give up the habit?Contrary to “common knowledge”, nonsmokers do not generally eat more than smokers, nor do they exercise less, studies find. Research performed on smokers at rest indicates that nicotine (尼古丁) itself can increase basal metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates, meaning smokers burn more energy than nonsmokers during periods of inactivity. But surveys suggest most smokers smoke not while completely at rest, but while performing light activities such as desk work that can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. Unless nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with metabolic rates, its influence on weight might be insignificant.Now a study shows that nicotine’s effects on body-fuel consumption indeed increase proportionally with increases in activity. “These results indicate that the metabolic effect of nicotine may play a greater part in accounting for body-weight differences between smokers and nonsmokers than was previously believed,”says Kenneth A. Perkins and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.The researchers gave a nicotine nose spray to individuals performing light work —in this case riding an exercise bicycle modified to allow easy riding while subjects remain seated in a comfortable armchair. The activity raised resting metabolic rates two to three times.By analyzing air breathed out, the researchers calculated energy consumption in the armchair bicyclists before and after giving the nose spray and compared the relative changes with subjects in the control group given placebo (（试验药物用的）无效对照剂) nose sprays. Relative to their baseline bicycle expenditures, individuals in the nicotine group expended considerably more energy than did those in control group while doing the same amount of work. With nicotine, Perkins says, “It’s as if the body is becoming much less efficient in using its stored energy.”While the results may seem discouraging to smokers who’d like to quit without gaining weight, Perkins notes that walking an extra mile a day should make up for the difference in metabolic efficiency. And he says smokers would have to gain “well more than 50 pounds”to counterbalance the health risks of continued smoking.6)What might “common knowledge”say about smokers and nonsmokers?A. Smokers eat more and exercise less than nonsmokers.B. Smokers eat less and exercise more than nonsmokers.C. Smokers eat more and exercise more than nonsmokers.D. Smokers eat less and exercise less than nonsmokers.7)When might nicotine influence smokers’weight significantly?A. While smokers are at rest.B. While smokers are exercising.C. When Nicotine’s metabolic effects and metabolic rates increase at the same rate.D. When Nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with the amount of light activities.8)The word “subjects”in the fourth paragraph means .A. researchersB. addicted smokersC. people under medical treatmentD. people undergoing an experiment9)What have the researchers found out in their study?A. People in the nicotine group consumed more energy.B. People in the control group breathed out more air.C. People without nicotine nose spray are becoming much less efficient in using energy.D. People in the armchair expended more energy than people doing desk work.10)Why do the study results seem discouraging to some smokers according to the passage?A. Because they want to keep fit without having to quit smoking.B. Because they want to quit smoking and still keep fit.C. Because they want to gain weight to tackle the health risks of continued smoking.D. Because they want to walking an extra mile a day to lose some weight.参考答案：6) B 7) C 8) D 9) A 10) B解析：（无）∧收起解析According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. In short, a leader of the new school contends (声称), the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable (无数的) directions.Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation (创新) have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.The core of the argument of a technology-yes, genius-no advocate was an analysis of Galileo’s role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions. Galileo’s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses.Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.11)What leads to the expansion of science in terms of the new school of scientists?A. The creative ideas of the great minds.B. The scientific knowledge of the geniuses.C. The improvement of ordinary tools and techniques.D. The neglected force in scientific innovations.12)What is the nature of scientific revolution according to a leader of the new school?A. It helps to invent a series of new instruments.B. It is actually the result of the development of a series of instruments.C. It pushes the science toward a particular direction.D. It has improved the techniques in innumerable directions.13)Why does modern school of scientists pay attention to the invention and improvement of tools and technology?A. Because they can be applied in scientific experiments.B. Because they are greatly admired by scientists and inventors.C. Because they are overlooked by historians and philosophers.D. Because they can be served as a source of basic innovations.14)What can be inferred from the statement “the real hero of the story, …, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses”?A. The role of Galileo at the start of the scientific revolution was underestimated.B. Ptolemy was the first astronomer to elaborate the system of heavenly motions.C. The improved technology and machinery contributed to Galileo’s great discovery.D. Galileo proved that the sun rather than the earth is the center of the universe.15)What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph?A. The government’s decision on its finance allocation is determined by its opinion on the priority between science and technology.B. The government has developed pure science at the expense of technology.C. The government has attached more importance to technology than pure science.D. The government will no longer increase the financial support to pure science.参考答案：11) C 12) B 13) D 14) C 15) A解析：（无）∧收起解析Recently there has been a tendency to sympathize with thieves whose operations have been carried out on a grand scale, and no attempt whatever has been made to hold them responsible. Some of the most thievish (像窃贼的) transactions have flourished and are still flourishing. Their success and their wealth are the only things recognized. They are honored as financiers and men of affairs, looked up to and respected.In reality they are nothing more and nothing less than a lot of merciless and heartless thieves. Fraud is fraud and cheating is cheating despite the artistic manner in which it is committed or the size of the scale upon which it is operated.It is time these men were classed properly and placed where they rightly belong, for they are no better than the miserable sneak-thief who steals a penny from a blind man’s dog.For the past two or three years working people who have made sacrifices to save a few pennies have been cheated most unmercifully. Their hard-earned savings have been stolen from them by every possible scheme from the obvious looting (打劫) of a bank to the higher and more artistic method of legalized high risk, complex financial products. Men high up in the financial world have lent their names to some of the most shady and notorious schemes that ever dishonored a community or a people. Because of this the most diligent and economical (节俭的) American people have been induced to place their hard-earned and carefully guarded savings in what they were led to believe was a safe investment, only to find out when too late that they had fallen into the hands of a gang of extremely respectable cheats. They cannot recover what they have lost.The thief is too powerful to be affected by the law while the victim is too weak to put its machinery in motion. It may be that the law is defective, or it may be that those having its machinery in charge are influenced by the wealth of the transgressors (违犯者). Whatever or whichever it is that is responsible ought to be investigated and the evil remedied.16)What does the tendency mentioned in the first paragraph reflect?A. People only respect success and wealth without any moral judgment.B. People prefer to carry out operations on a grand scale.C. People have made attempt to hold thieves responsible.D. People encourage some of the most thievish transactions to flourish.17)How did working people lose their hard-earned savings?A. They were robbed by the thieves nearby.B. They were unlucky in investment.C. They lent their money to men high up in the financial world.D. They were cheated by the bank.18)When the writer says “a gang of extremely respectable cheats”in Paragraph Four, it is implied that .A. they are respectable in artistic cheatingB. they are well-educated but ill-behavedC. they are not well-educated but respectedD. they are cheats with respectable goals19)What could be a possible reason for the thieves to escape from law according to the passage?A. They are powerful enough to ignore the law.B. There are defects in the law.C. The victim is too weak to investigate them.D. They are wealthy enough to compensate the victims.20)It can be inferred from the passage that .A. any thief should be punishedB. moral standards are always upheldC. there are too many thieves and robbersD. industrious and honest people should be highly paid参考答案：16) A 17) D 18) B 19) B 20) A解析：（无）∧收起解析There is something grimly ridiculous as well as pathetic in the messy way we manage things in our crude attempt as civilization. While we are spending hundreds of thousands of dollars of the people’s money annually in improving the breed of pig, or in fighting cattle disease, we are neglecting the most valuable asset of all, the children of the nation. A million dollars of the people’s money can be spent upon a speedway so that rich people might have an opportunity of exercising their blooded stock, while not a penny can be found in the State appropriations (拨款) to find food for starving children.This foolish state of affairs was brought out in strong relief when the school teachers organized themselves into a relief committee to find ways and means for supplying food to the hungry children under their charge. This organization was brought about by the pitiable plight of the children, many of whom had become so weakened for lack of proper nourishment that they fainted at their desks while trying to study their lessons. The teachers have called their organization the “Children’s Relief Society,”and the day after the organization was perfected they were enabled to issue tickets to the most destitute (赤贫的) of the children which entitled them to immediate relief.Besides this effort on the part of the teachers, emergency measures for the relief of hundreds of pupils in other schools have been adopted by the committee of school board members. The newspapers reported that relief came in this case in the form of two soup kitchens which were opened and equipped so as to provide for hundreds of the starving children.Destitution has visited hundreds of families as the result of the business depression. Not only have the educational authorities taken up the matter, but various generous societies have begun active work for relieving the distress. All of which is excellent in every way, yet it is not enough; it does not go far enough, for it ought not to be left to charity, but ought to be madea State duty.21)We learn from the first paragraph that _____.A. we manage things well as civilizationB. we are rich enough to spend money freelyC. we need to care for the starving childrenD. rich people should exercise their blooded stock22)What motivated school teachers to organize the “Children’s Relief Society”?A. The distressing situation of the children.B. The improper ways of supplying food to the children.C. The charge of food unaffordable for children.D. The weak performance of children in study.23)What would the Children’s Relief Society do after its establishment?A. They would provide food directly to poor children.B. They would teach lessons to poor children for free.C. They would give poor children tickets to get food.D. They would relieve poor children’s pressure.24)What other effort for the relief of children is mentioned in the passage?A. The committee of school board members has taken emergency measures.B. People from the newspapers have built soup kitchens to provide for starving children.C. The educational authorities have set up funds to provide help.D. Generous societies have adopted hundreds of pupils in schools.25)According to the passage, who should be most responsible for the relief of children’s starvation?A. The teacher.B. Children’s Relief Society.C. Charitable societies.D. The State.参考答案：21) C 22) A 23) C 24) A 25) D解析：（无）∧收起解析How is it that despite our amazing powers of production there are still hundreds of millions of people all over the earth in continuous want and poverty, and dangerously near the brink of starvation? What are the causes of poverty? Everyone is forced to realize and recognize its existence and no one has yet found a cure for it.Every thinking man has realized that poverty and starvation are not inevitable in the scheme of things. On the contrary, the fruitful earth yields enough for every one of the human beings inhabiting its surface without the twisted distribution of nature’s generosity (慷慨). This twisting is caused by our crude and ill developed ideas of distribution and the improperordering of human services. In the first place, these services can be hindered at their source, and among the factors that operate in this direction may be war, crime, lack of healthy supervision, insufficient attention to rising generations, monopolies (垄断) and various private ownerships that limit the usefulness of property, and neglected and wasteful destruction of property.In the second place, the great cause of poverty is unproductive consumption. Services become unproductive when they are devoted to supplying luxuries or an excessive quantity of necessaries, which may be summed up in a single word: waste. These are the primary causes of poverty; they are responsible for the presence of starvation.Is there a remedy?The elimination of waste through perfect production and distribution is a problem that is slowly but surely being solved by the great combinations of capital that have destroyed competition. These monopolies, selfish in the extreme and with no thought beyond profit at any price, are rendering us useful service by teaching us the importance of cooperation and cooperative methods. When these great industrial combinations, these wonderfully smooth running great business machines become the property of all the people and cease to be operated for private gain, a great step will have been taken in the direction of the solution of the starvation problem. When everyone will produce according to his ability and consume according to his needs, then, and not until then will poverty and starvation depart entirely and forever from the minds of men.26)According to the passage, starvation _____.A. is inevitable in whatever conditionB. is the result of insufficient productionC. is owing to the improper distribution of nature’s generosityD. is due to excessive consumption by human beings27)Which of the following can hinder human services at their source?A. Private ownerships and unproductive consumption.B. Luxuries and an excessive quantity of necessaries.C. Crime and lack of wealthy supervision.D. War and destruction of property.28)Why does unproductive consumption is considered as the great cause of poverty in Paragraph Three?A. Because people stop producing but only consume.B. Because people devote too much to luxuries and don’t produce anything.C. Because people are supplied with excessive quantity of necessaries and waste a lot.D. Because people who don’t produce are responsible for the presence of starvation.29)How to eliminate waste through production and distribution according to the passage?A. By seeking profit at any price and being selfish.B. By privatizing business machines and teaching the importance of cooperation.C. By creating more monopolies to make more profits.D. By cooperating and making the industrial combinations public property.30)When can the starvation problem be solved according to the passage?A. When the great industrial combinations cease to be operated for private gain.B. When private monopolies become public property and the element of profit is eliminated.C. When production is organized based on personal capabilities and distribution on individual needs.D. When efficiency of production has been greatly enhanced.参考答案：26) C 27) D 28) C 29) D 30) C解析：（无）∧收起解析When DR. THOMAS E. DEIKER, 59, remembers his life almost 30 years ago in Pineville, La., he thinks about guns. Worried that more of his neighbors appeared to be buying firearms, Deiker, a research psychologist at Central Louisiana State Hospital at the time, wrote a My Turn in 1974 advocating stricter gun-control laws at a time when any legislation that existed was loosely enforced.Little progress on the issue of gun control has been made since his My Turn, Deiker says. “My judgment would be that from 1974 to now, there has been no change in gun-control laws at a national level”. What makes him angry is that even after the “long series of copycat (模仿犯罪的) high-school shootings”and “a long series of dissatisfied employees walking into their places of business and killing large numbers of people”, there has still been little action taken. “There was some debate and discussion, but nothing ultimately happened to improve the gun-control laws.”In fact, weapons today are more deadly. “We have shifted clearly to a far more dangerous and lethal form of firearms in the United States,”he says, “with the widespread use of automatic and semiautomatic weapons, the Internet has proven a perfect provider, offering information on how to build these weapons and where to purchase them.Many of those buyers, Deiker worries, are hardly older than children. The amount of graphic (图像的) violence youth are exposed to today desensitizes (使麻木) them to violence, he says. “How many thousands of killings will the average child view, either in cartoon form or in actual graphic form, on TV and in videogames?”he asks. “Children grow up practicing. They’re desensitized to the experience of violence in graphic detail. And they have skills in weaponry use from practicing videogames, in which you actually have something you hold in your hand that you can point and shoot.”In 1974, Deiker wrote that the vast majority of killings are committed by people knownintimately to each other. In 2002, “That is still the case,”he says. And Deiker is not optimistic about change: “If we impose total gun control from this day forward, social scientists predict we would be years away from seeing any effect.”31)Why did Deiker feel angry?A. Because there has been little progress on gun control since 1974.B. Because there are long series of copycat high-school shootings.C. Because dissatisfied employees have killed people in their company.D. Because little action has been taken even after the crazy killings.32)Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to the passage?A. In 1974 the legislation that existed was loosely enforced.B. People get information about weapons through Internet.C. The long series of shootings caused spirited discussion.D. More dangerous weapons are used by American people.33)What is the meaning of “lethal”in Paragraph 3?A. dangerousB. FatalC. AutomaticD. evil34)What do we know from the passage?A. Not only adults have access to weapons.B. Children can learn a lot of good things from playing videogames.C. Cartoon is beneficial to the youth.D. Many homicides are committed by those crazy people in 2002.35)What is the author’s attitude toward gun control?A. optimisticB. FavorableC. IndifferentD. hostile参考答案：31) D 32) C 33) B 34) A 35) B解析：（无）∧收起解析A generation after Americans lost the habit of knowing who their space heroes really are, the Columbia astronauts were remembered Tuesday as awe-struck (肃然起敬的) youngsters who longed to “reach the stars”, and as fun-loving but dedicated adults who never lost their sense of adventure. President Bush and first lady Laura Bush attended a 45-minute memorial ceremony at the Johnson Space Center.The president and the chief of the astronaut corps helped bring the adventurous lives of the seven Columbia astronauts who died Saturday into focus for NASA employees and the nation. Navy Capt. Kent Rominger, the astronaut corps chief, remembered the crew as a ''generous and caring bunch with a great sense of humor''.Bush also eulogized each astronaut. He spoke on a breezy, clear day as thousands of space program workers stood around a tree-lined pond. The televised ceremony was also broadcast for workers at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. ''Their mission was almost complete, and we lost them so close to home,'' Bush said. ''Their loss was sudden and terrible. And for their families, the grief is heavy. Our nation shares in your sorrow and your pride. And today we remember not only one moment of tragedy but seven lives of great purpose and achievement.'' Bush declared that the United States would continue its manned space program: ''This cause of exploration and discovery is not an option we choose. It is a desire written in the human heart.''Bush was accompanied to Houston on Air Force One with former senator John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth, and Neil Armstrong, the first man to set foot on the moon. The president arrived at the ceremony walking hand-in-hand with the first lady. Afterward, they met privately with about 40 family members. A White House assistant said Bush spoke to each person. He made small talk with the children about school and offered his regrets for meeting at such a tragic time. He told one widow, ‘‘you're a strong soul.'' He said to one father who lost a child, ‘‘we're so proud of you as a father. ''The roar of NASA T-38 training jets that flew a ''missing man'' formation still echoed in the distance, as space agency workers leaving the ceremony said they had found comfort in the service.36)What is the main topic of the passage?A. Tragedy of seven Columbia astronauts.B. Address of the president Bush.C. Description of the memorial ceremony.D. Spirit of those space heroes.37)Where was the ceremony in memory of the seven Columbia astronauts held?A. At the Kennedy Space Center.B. At the Johnson Space Center.C. In Florida.D. In Washington.38)Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. The seven Columbia astronauts lost their lives on Saturday.B. Laura Bush, the first lady, took part in the ceremony with the president.C. The United States will continue its manned space program.。