初中英语专项讲解练习-首字母阅读填空(轻轻教学讲义).doc
中考英语阅读首字母解题技巧讲解+练习(含答案)
中考英语阅读首字母解题技巧讲解一、近年中考阅读首字母考查词性梳理1、近年中考首字母填空考查词类梳理二、首字母填空训练技巧讲解阅读是英语中的一个难点，首字母完形填空又是阅读教学中最令人头痛的一环。
它不但考查学生对语篇的理解能力，而且考查学生理解语篇过程中的分析判断、句子成分与词性的对应关系、语法结构、词义辨析等全方位的综合能力。
只有具备了相当词汇量、扎实的语法知识、充分的扩散性思维和严密的逻辑推理能力的学生，才能很好地完成语篇，使文章通顺畅达，恢复原样。
“台阶式”训练法也许是在较短时间里提高缺词填空能力的途径之一。
台阶一：掌握七种句子成分与十种词性之间的对应关系。
通过对单一成分的分类练习，掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。
词性正确是答案正确的前提。
(1) 对主语的判断【典型例题】1. _____________ are helpful to students. ( teach )2. _____________ is more important to me than money. ( healthy )3. Some famous ______________ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science)4. _____________ is my favourite sport. ( fish )5. _____________ stamps is my hobby. ( collect )【参考答案】1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting【测量目标】考查学生把句子成分和词性对应的能力【难度等级】基础【思路解析】以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。
主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-3题）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或doing（4、5）。
初中英语首字母填空答题技巧详解(精心排版-可直接打印)
中考英语首字母填空答题技巧详解第一节命题规律首字母填空又叫综合填空，是中考英语试题中常见的题型之一。
这种题型主要是对学生的四项能力，即对单词的辨析拼写能力；对英语基础知识的学习掌握运用能力；对语法知识的准确运用能力；以及对上下文语境中逻辑意义的推断理解能力。
要求考生注意单词在句子中的确切含义与正确形式，而不是孤立地死记硬背单词。
第二节题型分析首字母填空这种题型，要求考生根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使得短文意思完整。
每空限填一词。
例如：根据句意和首字母的提示完成下列单词。
1. He has kept a d since he was at school. It has recorded (记录) what happened each day.2. I enjoy watching football games on TV. What is your ftelevision programme？答案：1. diary 2. favorite在句子中缺词的情况下，弄懂句子的意思是关键。
解答此类题时要注意“两个确定”，即“确定单词的意思”和“确定单词的形式”。
要保证单词的意思符合上下文，以及单词的形式符合语法要求。
第三节解题步骤1.读短文，晓大意在做题之前，仔细阅读短文通晓其大意；可调动脑中相关信息帮助答题。
2.上下文，是提示在解答时根据上下文确定要填写单词的词性（即是什么词类），再结合所给首字母确定该单词的意思，并写出该单词的正确形式，尽量不要放弃。
3.做完后，试一试单词写出以后，除了检查其形式是否正确，意思是否合理，还要然后通篇代入短文中进行检查，看看所填单词是否符合上下文。
第三节解题技巧一、读懂句意，确定单词例1 The f day of the week is Sunday.该句意为“一周的第一天是星期天”，需要填的词的首字母是“f”，根据常识和序数词有关知识应填“第一”，故填first。
中考英语考复习专项首字母填空教案
一、教学目标：1. 知识与技能：使学生掌握首字母填空的基本解题技巧，提高学生的阅读理解能力和词汇运用能力。
2. 过程与方法：通过实例分析、练习讲解、小组讨论等方式，引导学生主动探索、合作学习，培养学生的英语思维能力。
3. 情感态度与价值观：激发学生学习英语的兴趣，增强学生的自信心，培养学生坚持不懈、勇于挑战的精神。
二、教学内容：1. 首字母填空的定义和特点2. 首字母填空的解题技巧3. 常见句型和固定搭配4. 实例分析与练习讲解5. 小组讨论与总结三、教学过程：1. 导入：简要介绍首字母填空的定义和特点，激发学生兴趣。
2. 讲解：讲解首字母填空的解题技巧，如词汇搭配、句型运用等。
3. 实例分析：分析典型首字母填空题目，引导学生运用解题技巧。
4. 练习讲解：让学生自主完成练习题，讲解答案并分析错误原因。
5. 小组讨论：分组讨论首字母填空题目，分享解题心得。
6. 总结：对本节课内容进行总结，强调重点和难点。
四、作业布置：1. 完成课后练习首字母填空题目。
2. 收集常见的句型和固定搭配，进行总结。
五、教学反思：通过本节课的教学，学生是否掌握了首字母填空的解题技巧？是否能够独立完成相关练习？在教学过程中，是否有需要改进的地方？针对学生的反馈，调整教学策略，提高教学效果。
六、教学策略：1. 采用互动式教学，鼓励学生积极参与课堂讨论。
2. 利用多媒体教学资源，如PPT、视频等，增加课堂趣味性。
3. 创设真实语境，让学生在实际情境中运用英语。
4. 注重个体差异，给予不同学生个性化指导。
七、教学评价：1. 课堂表现：观察学生在课堂上的参与程度、发言情况等。
2. 练习完成情况：检查学生课后练习的完成质量。
3. 小组讨论：评价学生在小组讨论中的表现，如合作态度、交流能力等。
4. 定期进行首字母填空测试，监测学生的学习进度。
八、教学资源：1. 首字母填空题目库，包括不同难度级别的题目。
2. 英语词汇卡片，用于教学过程中的词汇教学。
英语总复习七年级英语语法填空首字母填空专项及解析
英语总复习七年级英语语法填空首字母填空专项及解析一、七年级英语单词的适当形式填空1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。
Mr White works in an office. He likes ________ （read） in bed when he is at school. It is bad for his ________（eye）and now he is short sighted. But he doesn't want anybody else ________ know about it and he never wears a pair of glasses. It often brings him some trouble.One winter morning he ________（go） to a village school on business. He gets off a bus at a stop in ________ small town. Then he has to walk there. The road to the village isn't smooth（平坦的）. There are stones here and there. He falls over（跌倒） several times ________ it makes his clothes very dirty. At last he gets to the village. Suddenly （突然） it begins to blow________（strong） and it gets much colder. His hat is blown off while he is________ （look）for the school. He has to run after it but he can't catch it. He________ （not know） why his hat runs into a house. And then he runs into the house too.A big woman stops ________（he） by shouting angrily, "What are you running after my hen for?"【答案】 reading；eyes；to ；goes；a；and；strongly；looking；doesn't know；him【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了Mr. White近视眼却不想让别人知道，所以他不戴近视镜，结果闹出了笑话——把母鸡当成了自己的帽子。
初中英语短文首字母填空专题讲解与训练
• 我们不难看出 too…to 的结构表示否定， 在充分考虑上文的信息 , 如果电脑能 think and feel，就不难想到clever一 词，然后在进行逻辑推理，找出表示人 们情感的词afraid.
4. 复读全文，全面检查
答题完毕后复读全文，一定要认真检 查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错 误。对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的 内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进 行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。
仔细阅读，我们会联想到电脑在我们现实生活 中的广泛应用。在科幻电影或科幻小说中，计算 机科学家预测，未来人工智能机器人或将具备反 社会、反人类的能力，这会让人担心（be afraid)。
3. 仔细推敲，完成填词
根据上下文所给的信息及首字母推测词义， 根据所缺词在句子中的成分判断词性，仔细确 定名词的单复数、形容词副词的比较等级、动 词的时态语态等等。先易后难，各个击破，完 成填词。
例题解析 1 The computer is fast , and never makes m__1__, while people are too slow and f__2__ of mistakes. That’s w__3___ people often say when they talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, engineers have been m__4___ better and better computers. Now a computer can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully. It is w__5___ used in factories, hospitals and banks. A computer can report, decide and control in almost every f__6___. Many computer scientists are now thinking of making the computer “t__7___” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize (识别) voices, translate languages and s__8__ on. Perhaps computers will one day really think and feel. Do you think that people will be a___9____ when they find that the computer is too c__10___ to listen to and serve(为…服务) the people.
(完整版)初中首字母填空做题技巧讲解-(含答案)
如何做好首字母填空题首字母填空类短文题是近几年中考试题经常采用的题型之一，因为它有非常好的信度和效度，又能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。
这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它考查的范围极广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还可能涉及其它学科。
它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。
这种试题的首字母已给，所填的就必须是该字母开头的单词。
这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。
可是这种题型因难度相对较大，考生失分现象比较严重。
学生要仔细阅读全文，利用上下文提供的有关信息，再仔细阅读相关句子，判断所缺单词的句子成分，才能完成练习。
完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型，最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力。
要做好此类题目，考生不但要有较强的语感，善于体会上下文的内在联系，而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。
考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。
首字母填空特点及中考趋势：1)首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。
它不仅考查学生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识，还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。
2)从近几年的考题来看，短文填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广，几乎涉及到了十大词类；文中所涉及的语言知识面较宽，学生需运用已学过的词法、句法及常用词组、短语、惯用法等知识进行具体分析后再答题，有一定的难度。
文章短小、精致，字数通常在100～150之间。
短文的体裁不一，有记叙文、说明文、议论文等。
短文题材丰富，内容通俗易懂，与现代生活紧密相关，如：英国人分期付款购房；度假回来的路上买家具的小故事；食物对不同年龄段的人的不同影响；被驯化的动物可以为人们做事情等，可读性、趣味性强，符合初中生的认知特点。
✧首字母填空的解题方法和技巧：短文填空题失分率较高，其原因也是较多的。
有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。
初中英语短文首字母填空专题讲解与训练
3. 仔细推敲，先易后难
在答题过程中，先易后难,可以把有把握的词 先填好， 把难题先留着，最后做，逐步减少 空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下 的难题。
4. 复读全文，检查词形变化
答题完毕后复读全文，一定要认真检 查，还要考虑单词的形式是否需要变化。 对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、 上下文的语法结构、进行反复斟酌，这 样才能尽量避免失分。
九年级英语中考专题复习
短文首字母填空
浮山中小学 张浩
要求与简析
要求：根据短文内容及首字母提示， 填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每 空限一词。
简析：短文首字母填空题主要考查学 生根据特定的语境和所给首字母提示 写出正确的单词并采用单词的适当形 式的能力，短文填词集理解、语法， 知识点和单词拼写等要求与一体,是一 个综合性题目。
“You don’t know your friend very w 9 .” Nasreddin said to the others. “When you say ‘Give！’ to him, he d 10 nothing, but when you say ‘Take！’ he always takes.”
解题方法和技巧
1. 通读全文，了解大意
短文中可能有一些生词，但不影响对文章主 要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过生词 和空格，目的是理解文章的大意。
2. 细读全文，根据上下文寻找线索
通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔 细阅读。要结合自己的文化、科学常识和英语语 言知识，根据上下文，用已知信息去获取未知信 息，以便初步确定答案。
When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is
初三中考英语首字母填空专项练习(含答案)(K12教育文档)
初三中考英语首字母填空专项练习(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（初三中考英语首字母填空专项练习(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为初三中考英语首字母填空专项练习(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
上海初三中考英语首字母填空专项练习一、Firefighters or firemen play an important role in our daily life. In some places, firefighters use watchtowers to look for smoke and fires， although they get a fire report by telephone. A high tower is still very u 67 for watching and guarding a place。
Fire fighters also make it a place for practice。
They learn how to p 68 out fires from burning buildings。
They try to c 69 up the outside of the tower as fast as possible。
They carry water hoses up to the fire. They practise carrying imaginable victims down f 70 high ladders。
英语 七年级英语语法填空首字母填空技巧全解及练习题(含答案)(1)
英语必备英语七年级英语语法填空首字母填空技巧全解及练习题(含答案)(1)一、七年级英语单词的适当形式填空1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单同的适当形式填空（未提供单词的．限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。
Many students have hobbies, like reading, painting and looking.________animals. Some hobbies are relaxing and others are creative. Hobbies can make you ________（grow）as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills.David Smith is a student, and his hobby ________ writing. During the summer of 2011, he spent four weeks on a summer camp. As well as the usual activities, such ________ sailing, biking and mountain climbing, there was a writing workshop with a professional writer. "She asked us ________（imagine） that we were in a story. Then we wrote about our experiences at the camp. "In senior high school David ________ （write）a book about teenage life. Many teenagers love his book, and as a result, David has become a ________（success） young writer.David has been very lucky because his hobby has brought enjoyment and success to________ （he）, but he is also interested in many other things. "I like playing volleyball too," says David. "I spend some of my free time ________ （play）volleyball for my school team. Maybe I'll write more books in the future, ________ I'm not sure. "There are many other interesting things to do in life, and we should try to do something new or different.【答案】 after；grow；is；as；to imagine；wrote；successful；himself；playing；but【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了一个叫大卫的孩子喜欢读书习作，并出版书的故事，同时也给他带来了快乐。
中考英语专项(首字母填空)
If you begin to do something,you need to make a plan before doing it.The e68．，the better.You will know what comes f69．and what comes last.You'll also know what you should do and what you shouldn't do.If changes happen,you can have more time to deal with them.Live a more active lifeYou can go around more often.More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed.You also need to be kind."Thank you" can bring a smile to someone's face.Learn to say"sorry and don't be a70．with others.Find the r71．friendA friend may make your life and he or she can break your life as well.So you need to think t72．when you choose a friend.Good friends will always better your ideas.When you have problems,ask others for help.That little help may get you good results.Never f73．failureEverybody fails.E74．the greatest person will fail,too.We shouldn't be afraid of failure,because failure is not the end of the road.We must take failure as a chance to learn and i75．ourselves.Life is good.We don't have to live in our past,but we do hope that we can plan better,live better,and work better when we have the chance to do so.D（2020·盐城市盐城中学中考三模）Man has a big brain. He can think and s71．languages. Scientists once thought that man isn’t the same as animals b72．man can think and learn. They know now that dogs, monkeys and birds can learn, too.They are beginning to u73．that men are different from animals because they can speak. Animals can’t speak. They make much n74．when they are afraid, or unhappy. Apes(猿) can learn some things more quickly than man. One or two of them have learned a few words. But they cannot p75．words together to make sentences. They cannot think l76．us because they have no language. Language is a wonderful thing. Man is a77．to build a modern world because he has language. Every child can speak his own language very w78．when he is four or five, b79．no animals learn to speak.How do children learn it? Scientists don’t really know w80．happens inside our body when we speak. They only know that man can speak because he has a brain.E（2020·扬州中学教育集团树人学校中考三模）When the little prince arrived on the earth, he was very much surprised because he could not see any答案A（2020·南京市鼓楼区中考二模）【答案】66．out67．anything68．sixties / seventies69．brave70．broke71．until72．reason73．even74．mean75．top【分析】本篇主要讲述一位老艺术家喜欢骑自行车去户外运动。
初中英语短文首字母填空专题讲解与训练学习教案
第八页，共28页。
解题(jiě tí)的步骤：
1. 通读全文，了解大意。 2. 细读全文，根据(gēnjù)上下文，寻找线索。 3. 仔细推敲，先易后难。 4. 复读全文、检查词形变化。
通读 分析(fēnxī) 检查
第8页/共28页
填词
第九页，共28页。
短文填词(tián cí)重点考查名词，形容 词，副词，动词和短语
第2页/共28页
第三页，共28页。
例 题 (lìtí)解 析 1 Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and
also verybeautiful. Most dogs get on verywell with
c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs
第1页/共28页
第二页，共28页。
例题(lìtí)解析 1 Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives. When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 ——buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y 5 is larger. Many people don’t know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a 6 anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Don’t let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always l 8 water for your dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 . Remember that dogs need e 10 . You should take it for a walk every day. Don’t keep your dog inside all day.
人教版英语专项训练 七年级英语语法填空首字母填空考点解析(Word版附答案)
人教版英语专项训练七年级英语语法填空首字母填空考点解析（Word版附答案）一、七年级英语单词的适当形式填空1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确Our zoo has a lot of ________ （interested）animals from all over the world. Next ________ the zoo entrance（入口处）is the Africa Section The lions, elephants and giraffes ________ （be） in this section~ The lions are smart ________ the elephants are very big. The giraffes are beautiful and they are so tall. The Panda House is________ （cross） from the Africa Section. The Panda House is just for pandas. There are five ________（panda）in the Panda House. Pandas are ________ China. They are black and white. They are interesting animals and children like ________ （watch） them very much. ________（come） and see the new baby panda, Panpan. She is very small and cute. Behind the Panda House is the Australia Section. The koalas are here. There are seventeen koalas in the zoo. They are very small and they usually sleep________ the trees.【答案】 interesting；to；are；and；across；pandas；from；to watch/watching；Come；in 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了动物园里的动物。
初中英语首字母填空练习[1]2解读
![初中英语首字母填空练习[1]2解读](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/768cc13dbcd126fff7050b27.png)
初中英语首字母填空练习首字母填空类属于短文的阅读题的考查，可以是考查英语语言知识方面的，也可能涉及到其它学科的内容。
学会一点常用的答题技巧，再在做习题中体验一下，就可以解决这方面的问题。
在此提供了初中英语第一学期首字母填空练习，从牛津英语教材的角度，按年级划分，并附上参考答案，希望对初中生有所裨益。
就答题技巧问题也说两句。
首先要通读短文，了解文章的大意。
每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。
因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。
因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。
其次要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。
在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。
对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。
有些短文填空题，有时出现少量的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。
在阅读过程中，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。
这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词的正确形式。
做完填空，认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。
从实际中看，很多学生能够充分利用词首字母和短文内容填写单词，关注单词的形式变化，深思熟虑很重要。
七年级期中阅读短文，根据首字母提示填空，每空一词。
（10’）Most American families are smaller than the families in o 81 countries. Most American families e 82 have one or two children. C 83 in the US will leave their parents' home when they grow up. They usually live far f 84 their parents because they want tofind good jobs. They often w 85 to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on h 86 . Parents usually let their children choose their o 87 jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves.Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid (付钱for d 88 some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use. Do you often help y 89 parents do housework? Do you want to live with your parents w 90 you grow up ?七年级期末根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
人教版英语英语 七年级英语语法填空首字母填空专项讲解及练习
人教版英语英语七年级英语语法填空首字母填空专项讲解及练习一、七年级英语单词的适当形式填空1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的．限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。
Water is very important to us. We must drink water every day. We can't live ________ water. At home, we use water ________（wash） clothes, to wash dishes, to cook, to clean the floor, to have showers, to make drinks, to clean our________ （tooth）, to water the flowers and so on. At work, people use water to put out ________ （fire）, to grow vegetables, to make paper and books, to make beer and Coca-Cola and so on. We can also ________（swim） in the sea. Water is important to us, isn't it?Water has no taste ________ all. Water has no colour. Water is in the river, the pump, the tap and the well. Water is everywhere ________ us. Water is in the rain, in the river and in the lake. ________ there isn't much clean water on the Earth. We must save it. How to save water? We can save it at home. For example, turn off the water tap after ________ （wash） hands. Let's save water to save________ （we）.【答案】 without；to wash；teeth；fires；swim；at；around；But；washing；ourseIves 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了水对我们的重要性，并呼吁节约用水。
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讲义基本信息知识点首字母阅读填空1 熟练掌握首字母阅读填空的技巧2 通过首字母阅读填空的训练，总结归纳解题方法，培养学生举一反三的能力1 所填词在语法和语义上正确2 符合短文内容与情景的需要首字母阅读填空的做题步骤1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。
2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
A.)利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义。
首字母和汉语既是提示又是限制。
必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。
B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。
3.通读短文，检查答案。
4 词形的变换名词：单复数形式,所有格的用法动词：时态语态的变化形容词、副词：比较等级的用法代词：单复数人称代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、不定代词等的用法连词：并列与从属连词的用法Step1：掌握七种句子成分与十种词性之间的对应关系。
通过对单一成分的分类练习，掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。
词性正确是答案正确的前提。
(1) 对主语的判断1. _______ are helpful to students. ( teach )2. _______ is more important to me than money. ( healthy )3. Some famous _______ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science)4. _______ is my favorite sport. ( fish )5. _______ stamps is my hobby. ( collect )Key: 1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting 分析：以上练习中，所填的词均为句子的主语。
主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词(1-3);动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词(4-5)。
此外，形容词前加the以及带连词的句子也可作主语。
例如：The rich are not always happy. 句中the rich 指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。
What I wanted was just your help. 句中What I wanted是一个带有连词what的句子，因此也可以作主语。
(2) 对谓语的判断John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c________ over to him. “My boy,” she a_____ , “Is your father at home?”“Yes,” a_______ John. The woman b________ ringing the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t_____ back to John and s______ angrily, “Didn’t you s______ that your father was at home?”“I did”, answered John, “but this i_______ my house.”Key: came asked answered began turned said say isn’t分析：语篇中的所缺词均为谓语动词。
谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，而且在句子中不能缺。
当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或两个以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。
如果是动词的适当形式，动词需要改成 doing 或 done 的形式。
简单的说，doing表示主动、进行；done表示被动、完成。
比如He sat there,saying to himself.学生往往容易写成said，此处是表示伴随，作状语。
再如，...was seen as.../be reguarded as...被看作,be allowed to do 被允许做.平时练习和周练中，我经常让学生做些“用动词的适当形式填空”练习，有助于对动词形式的判断。
(3) 对宾语的判断1. Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast ________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city. ( develop )2. The front is in great need of medical _____.( work )3. Thank you for your _______. ( kind )4. At last he sold his ______. ( invent )Key: 1. development 2. workers 3. kindness 4. invention(s)分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。
宾语的词性同和主语的词性一样，单是如果代词作宾语时就必须用其宾格。
(4) 对表语的判断1. It is ______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. ( possible)2. The sick man is getting ______. ( ill )3. Patrick is going to be a(n) ______ when he grows up.(engine)4. Such cold weather is quite _____ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again. ( usually )5. It’s a ______ to have a picnic with all the members. (please )Key: 1. impossible 2. worse 3. engineer 4. unusual 5. pleasure分析：表语是连系动词后接的成分。
词性主要为形容词，名词, 介词短语。
如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。
(5) 对定语的判断1. The _______ exams usually take place at the end of June. ( finally)2. On a _____ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. ( clearly)3.The French artist said, “It is my _____ time to visit Shanghai. I lovethis city so much. ( one )4. Most people don’t like ________ food. ( freeze )5. Who is your ________ teacher? ( chemical )Key: (1) final (2) clear (3) first (4) frozen (5) chemistry分析:定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。
词性以形容词，序数词，介词短语为主。
名词修饰名词说明后面名称的性能或用途。
如：stamp show / physics teacher。
如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。
(6) 对状语的判断1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to HongKong so ______ (easy)2. Watch ______, and you will find the difference between the two pictures.( care )3. After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed ______ at last. ( safe )Key : (1) easily (2) carefully (3) safely分析：状语是说明动作发生的时间，地点，原因，方式，目的，结果，条件和伴随情况的成分。
词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语。
如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。
(7) 对连词的判断1. Work harder, __________ you’ll make great progress in English.2. My job is to protect the innocent __________ find the guilty.3. __________ you __________ he can go to the cinema, but you cannot go together because I have only one ticket.4. Can you tell me _________ you are from?5. I’ll give you a call __________ I get to Japan.Key: (1)and (2) as well as (3) Either…or (4) where (5) as soon as分析：在英语中, 并列连词and, but, or, so , not only…but also, either …or, neither…nor, as well as, both… and等连接并列的词,词组和句子; 而从属连词则连接主句与从句。
Step2：在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系之后，多做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”，有利于提高对句子成分的判断能力。
熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是通向首字母阅读填空的第二步。
Step3：锻炼自己的发散和归纳思维的能力，或称为“猜谜”的能力。
Exercise : Guess the missing word.1. ________ are helpful to students.2. ________ are helpful to students. They give them knowledge.3. ________ are helpful to students. In class they teach them knowledge and afterclass they care for them like parents.4. ________ are helpful to students. They keep them healthy.分析：按顺序做你会不假思索地得出答案，1---4均为Teachers，全部解完后再思考，似乎第一题答案不仅仅只有Teachers。