It引导的时间状语从句总结与练习

高考It +be+ 时间+ 从句”结构
总结一
在“It +be+ 时间+ 从句”结构中，引导从句的从属连词有before, that, since, until （till ）, when 等。

这一结构是近几年高考常考的知识点，现将它们的用法小结如下：
一、It +be （not ）+ 时间段+before 从句。

其中的主句是肯定式时，意为“过多长时间才……”；主句是否定式时，意为“没过多久就……”。

例如：
1. It was not long before the whole country rose and drove the Austrian soldiers from their homeland. 不久，全国人民便奋起反抗，把奥地利军队从他们的国土上赶了出去。

2. It may be five or six years before the new medicine is tested on human beings.
要过五六年时间这种新药才能在人身上做试验。

3. It was two months before he designed the bridge. 过了两个月，他设计出了这座桥梁。

二、It +will be （was ）+ 时间段+until 从句
若主句中用一般将来时，则从句中用一般现在时，意思是从现在起到从句中谓语动词表示的动作发生时还有多长时间；若主句中用一般过去时，则从句中也用一般过去时，意思是从过去某一时间起到从句中谓语动词表示的动作发生还有多长时间。

例如：
1. It will be ten days until my birthday comes. 到我生日还有十天。

2. It was only five minutes until her husband came back from work.
当时离她丈夫下班只有五分钟了。

注意：结构“一”与结构“二”在肯定句中几乎可以通用。

但是，若从句中谓语动词表示的将来动作一定或预期肯定会发生，则多用until 引导从句；若从句中谓语动词表示的将来动作在客观上并非一定要发生时，则多用before 引导从句。

三、It +is / has been （was ）+ 时间段+since 从句
在这一结构中，主句常用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般过去时。

如果since 引导的状语从句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词，则表示“自从状语从句中的动作发生以后，时间过不了多久”。

例如：
1. It is two years since Jim came to China.
吉姆来中国两年了。

2. It has been three years since they got married.
他们结婚已经三年了。

如果since 从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词，则表示“自从从句谓语动词表示的动作结束以来，时间已过了多久”。

例如：
3. It is / has been a year since he smoked.
他戒烟已经一年了。

四、It +is / was + 时间点+when 从句
在这一结构中，时间之前没有介词，从句为when 引导的时间状语从句。

从句常用一般过去时，意为“当某事发生时，时间是……”。

例如：
1. It was October 1st, 1949 when the People's Republic of China was founded.
中华人民共和国成立于1949 年10 月1 日。

2. What time was it when you got to school?
你几点到的学校。

五. It is /was + 时间状语+that 从句
这是一个强调句型，被强调的部分是时间状语。

表示“正是在某个时间，某事发生了”。

例如
1. It was ten years ago that he joined the army. 他正是在十年前参的军。

2. It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street.
就是在昨天下午我在街上遇见了他。

六、It is / was +first time / second time + （that ）从句
在这一结构中，time 前面常用序数词来修饰，that 引导的是定语从句，从句中常用现在完成时态或过去完成时态，表示“这是第……次做某事”。

例如：
1. This is the first time in my life that I have come to Beijing.
这是我一生中第一次来北京。

2. It was the third time that he had asked the same question. 这是他第三次问同一个问题。

七、It is （high ）time +that 从句
在这一结构中，that 从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”或用动词的过去式，表示“该做某事了”。

例如：
1. It is high time that we began our work. 我们该开始我们的工作了。

2. It is time that he left the place. 他该离开那个地方了。

“It +be+ 时间+ 从句”结构
总结二
例1：It is almost five years_____we saw each other last time.(05北京) A.beforeB.since C.after D.when
例2：-Did Jack come back early last night？-Yes.It was not yet eight o ‘clock________he arrived home. A.before B.when C.that D.until
例1.正确答案：B我们已经有5年没见面了。

例2.正确答案：B他回家时还不到8点
这类考题出现频率较高，考生又极易混淆，在复习中做出归类非常必要：
1.It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时
例1：It is/has been10years since he came here.这类句型可转化为：=Ten years has passed since he came here. 这一句型可扩展为：It was+时间段+since(从句用过去完成时)
例2：It was years since he had arrived in China.(过去是+since+过去完成时) 需要注意的是since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，但有时也可用延续性动词或表示状态的词，此时需要注意句子的翻译：
例3：It is three years since she came to our class.她来我们班已经有三年了。

It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班已经有三年了。

2.It+was+时间点+when clause(从句谓语用一般过去时) will be+时间点+when clause(从句谓语用一般现在时表将来)
例1：It was already evening when he came back.当他回家时已经8点了。

例2：It will be midday when they get home.当他们到家时将是中午。

3.It+will(not)be+时间段+before+现在时was(not)+时间段+before+过去时
例1：It will be another year before he comes here.
例2：It was some time______we realized the truth.(2005山东24) A.when B.until C.since D.before
例2：正确答案：D。

过了一段时间后我们才了解了真相。

该句型中before前常用时间段，表示“…之后才…”“在…之前就…”;有时before前也可以用时间点，此时突出表示动作的变化。

试比较：
例3：It was evening before we reached the little town of Tailstocks. 当我们到达Tailstocks时已经黑了。

(到达前天还没有黑)
4.It/This is+the+序数词+时间+定语从句(从句用完成时)
例1：It is the first time(that)I have been here.(定语从句) 该句型可扩展为：It was+序数词+时间+定语从句(从句用过去完成时)
例2：It was the second time he had been out with her alone.
例3：It’s the second time you________late this week. A.arrive B.arrived C.havearrived D.hadarrived 正确答案：C。

这是这个星期你第二次迟到了。

5.It is+(high)time+that+did(虚拟语气)
例1：It is(high)time(that)we stopped pollution. 其中that引导得从句中也可用should+V(原型)
例2：It is(high)time(that)you came/should come here. 写作中表示建议时也常可用这类句型。

例3：It‘s high time we took measures to solve this problem.
注意应将以上5种句型与强调时间的强调句型的区别。

6.It be+时间(被强调部分)+that
例1：It was at6o’clock that we heard the noise.
例2：It was3years ago that he joined the army. 最简单的判断方法是：当表示时间的词前有介词或者后有副词时，一定是强调结构，必用that。

试比较下面句式与强调句的不同之处：It was already ten o‘clock when he arrived. It is ten years since I met you last. It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all. 以上几句中时间前无介词后没副词故不是强调句型。

《动手练一练》： 1.It was not until1936________basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games. A.that B.when C.which D.then
2.It will not be________we meet again. A.long before B.before long C.soon after D.shortly after
3.──He was nearly drowned once. ──When was________？──________was in1998when he was in middle school. A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It D.that;This
4.It was evening________we reached the little town of Winchester.(04天津) A.that
B.until
C.since
D.before
5Scientists say it may be five or six years_it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A.since B.after C.before D.when
6.It was______I met Mr.Smith in London.
A.many years that
B.for many years since
C.since many years ago when
D.many years ago that
7.-What was the party like？-Wonderful.It‘s years_____I enjoyed myself so much.
A.after
B.before
C.when
D.since
8.It was about600years ago___the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A.that
B.until
C.before
D.when
(Keys：AAADCDDA 1正确答案：A 2正确答案：B )
历年高考单选题
例1：I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____ Brian get back.
A. before
B. since
C. till
D. after
例2：-Did Jack come back early last night？-Yes.It was not yet eight o ‘clock________he arrived home. A.before B.when C.that D.until
这类考题出现频率较高，考生又极易混淆，在复习中做出归类非常必要：
1.It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时
如：It is/has been5years since he came to our school. 这一句型可引申为：It was+时间段+since(从句用过去完成时) 如：It was10 years since he had arrived in China. 需要注意的是since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，但有时也可用延续性动词或表示状态的词，此时需要注意句子的翻译：如：It is three years since she came to our class.她来我们班已经有三年了。

It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班已经有三年了。

总之，在翻译此类句子的时候我们要记住一点，那就是“自从这一动作结束以来”，只要记住这一点我们就比较好理解句子了。

2.It+was+时间点+when clause(从句谓语用一般过去时) It will be+时间点+when clause(从句谓语用一般现在时表将来) 如：It was already eight o'clock when he came back. 当他回家时已经8点了。

It will be midday when they get home. 当他们到家时将是中午。

3.It+will(not)be+时间段+before+现在时It was(not)+时间段+before+过去时如：It will be another year before he comes here. It was some time______we realized the truth.(05山东24) A.when B.until C.since D.before 正确答案：D。

过了一段时间后我们才了解了真相。

4.It/This is+the+序数词+时间+that从句(从句用完成时) 如：It is the first time that I have been here. 该句型可引申为：It was+序数词+时间+that从句(从句用过去完成时) 如：It was the second time that he had been out with her
alone.
5.It is+(high)time+that+did(虚拟语气) 如：It is(high)time(that)we stopped pollution. 其中that引导得从句中也可用should+V(原型) 如：It is(high)time (that)you came/should come here. 写作中表示建议时也常可用这类句型。

如：It‘s high time we broke away from the bad habits and formed good ones. 注意应将以上5种句型与强调时间的强调句型的区别：
6.It be+时间(被强调部分)+that 如：It was at6o’clock that we heard the noise.（强调句）It was3years ago that he joined the army.（非强调句）最简单的判断方法是：当表示时间的词前有介词或者后有副词时，一定是强调结构，必用that。

试比较下面句式与强调句的不同之处：It was already ten o‘clock when he arrived. It is ten years since I met you last. It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all. 以上几句中时间前无介词后没副词故不是强调句型。

探究语法填空中“It be +时间+conj”句型
在各类考试和历届高考试题中“it+be+time+conj”句型以不同的形式出现,往往使同学们顾此失彼,一头雾水,原因在于没有搞清楚各个句型的特点及实质,现结合历届高考题分别予以探究。

(一)It is +时间段+since+从句
It has been +时间段+since+从句此句型的要点：
(1) 注意since前后句子时态.
since前的时态为is或has been,后的时态为一般过去时
Eg: It is(has been) ten years since I joined the army 译为:我参军已经十年了.
(2) since后的动词若为延续性或状态性动词,应译为否定或相反,若为短暂性动词按字面意思翻译.
Eg: It is(has been) ten years since I was a teacher =It is(has been) ten years since I left the army 译为:我复员十年了.
It is ten years since I smoked =It is ten years since I stopped smoking 译为:我戒烟十年了. 练习: 1、－What was the party like？－Wonderful. It’s years____ I enjoyed myself so much A: after B:before C:when D:since
2、I live in Beijing now, that’s to say, it’s ten years since I ____Beijing. A:lived in B:left for C:left D:was in
3、I’m a teacher now, that’s to say, it is ten years since I___ a teacher. A: have been B: was C:became D:turned Key.
【Keys：1、D 2、B 3、C】
（二）It will be +时间段+before+一般现在时的从句“要过多久/ 不久…才…”
It was +时间段+before+一般过去时的从句“过了多久才…”“before”句型和“since”句型的共性都加时间段,差异在于前后的时态和翻译。

Eg: ①It will be ten years before I return home. 译为:要过十年我才能回家.
②It was ten years before he found his lost boy. 译为:过了十年他才找到了他失踪的儿子. 练习:
1、It is reported that it may be two or three months_____it is possible to test this medicine on animals.
A:since B:after C:before D:when
2、－How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？
－Perhaps two or three years A:when B:until C:that D:before
3、How long do you think ____ the computer company brings out a new product？(2005.上海)
A: it will be before B:will it be until C:will it be when D: it will be that
【Keys:1、C 2、D 3、A】
（三）It will be+时间点+when+一般现在时的从句
It was +时间点+when+一般过去时的从句与“before”句型比较:前后时态一致
与“since”、“before”句型强调的是时间段，而”when“句型强调的是时间点。

Eg: ①It will be midnight when I return home. 译为:我回到家的时间将是午夜.
②It was noon when the accident happened 译为:事故发生时已是正午. 练习:
1、___ was 1979 ____ I graduated from university (1997.上海) A:That; that B:It; that C:That; when D:It; when
2、It was breakfast _____ our teacher punished me (2004.北京) A:when B: until C:since D: before 【Keys: 1、D 2、A】
(四)It is(was)+时间点+that的强调句型强调句仅是形似，与“when”句型的比较很明显：
1. 强调句时间点部分通常带有介词；
2. 去掉it is(was)……that之后，句子整合成一个完整的句子。

Eg:①It was in the morning that
I was robbed in the street. （删除后还原：I was robbed in the street in the morning.）=It was this morning that I was robbed in the street.
②It was at 7:00 that I met Tom this morning. （删除后还原：I met Tom this morning at 7:00.）
=It was 7:00 when I met Tom this morning。