专业术语缩写说明
英语专业术语缩写
NAFTA 北美自由贸易区= North American Free Trade Agreement of Canada, Mexico and the U.S.EFTA/AFTA 欧洲自由贸易区/东盟自由贸易区APEC 亚太经济合作组织=Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationASEAN 东南亚国家联盟=Association of South East Asian NationsNATO 北大西洋公约组织=North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationInternational Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织European Free Trade Association 欧洲自由贸易联盟International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能机构WWF 世界自然基金会=World Wildlife FundICC 国际商务委员会(美洲国际)= The Interstate Commerce Commission of U.S.A.WTO 世界贸易组织/世界旅游组织= World Trade Organization/ World Tourism Organization= Warsaw Treaty Organization 华沙条约组织WHO 世界卫生组织= World Health OrganizationUNSECO 联合国教科文组织=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUN = Unites Nations 联合国Security Council 安理会World Bank 世界银行NASA 美国国家航天局=National Aeronautics and Space Administration世界贸易组织(简称“世贸组织”,World Trade Organization -- WTO)总部设在瑞士日内瓦莱蒙湖畔国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee -- IOC) 简称“国际奥委会” 总部设在瑞士洛桑欧洲联盟(简称欧盟,European Union -- EU)总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔北大西洋公约组织(North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- NATO),简称北约, 总部设在比利时布鲁塞尔石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries -- OPEC) ,简称“欧佩克”,欧佩克总部设在维也纳东南亚国家联盟(简称东盟,Association of Southeast Asian Nations -- ASEAN),东盟秘书处(无总部称呼)设在印尼首都雅加达。
[最新]专业术语缩写说明
缩写说明Metrics:HR Dept.:L.W.D.C: Lost Work Day Case RateQuality Dept.:COQ: Cost of QualityWIR: Wiring Incident ReportFTQ: First Time QualityWFCC: Worldwide Formal Customer Complaint PPM:Pieces per MillionRRPPM: Return & Reject Piece Per Million IPTV: Incident Per Thousand VehiclesEngineering Dept.:C/O: Changeover timeC/T: Cycle TimePDT: Planned DowntimeLT: Lost TimeDT: DowntimeOA: Operational AvailabilityOE: Operational EffectivenessPC&L Dept.:OEM: On time ShipmentsIPM: Incident Per MillionE&O: Excess & ObsoletePRR: Problem Resolving RequestMU: Material UtilizationOthers:Tpct: Total Production Cycle TimeMCR: Material Cost Reduction6SIGMADMAIC: Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, ControlVOC: Voice of CustomerCTQ: Critical to QualitySIPOC: Supplier, Input, Process, Output, CustomerI&CIM: Innovation, & Continuos ImprovementTMAP: Though MapPMAP: Process MapMSE: Measure System EvaluationFMEA: Failure Modes and Effects AnalysisNEM: Numerical Evaluation of MetricsANOVA: Analysis of VarianceDOE : Design of ExperimentsLEAN1.DMS -- Delphi Manufacturing system⏹EEI : Employee Environment & Involvement⏹WPO: Workplace Organization⏹QS: Quality System⏹OA: Operational Availability⏹MM: material movement⏹MSD: Manufacturing System Design2.KMS -- Kaizen Manufacturing system3.OSKKK -- Observation, Standardization, Kaizen, Kaizen, Kaizen ……4.PFP -- People Focus practice5.VSM—Value Stream Mapping6.TPM: Total Production Maintenance7.PMP: Production Maintenance Partnership8.PM: Planned Maintenance9.TPS: Toyota Production System10. SMED: Single Minutes of Exchange Die12. FIFO: First In First Out13. 5S: Clear (Sort), Organize ( Straighten), Clean(Sweep), Maintain (Standardize),Continuous Improvement ( Sustain)14. NWG: Natural Work Group15. WIP: Work In Process16. PFEP: Plant For Every Part17. JIT: Just in Time18. PDCA: Plan – Do – Check – Action19. SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process20. VOC: Voice of Customer21. MSDS: Material Safety Date Sheets22. PDP: Product Development Process23. PTC: Protect The Customer24. APQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning25. SPDP: Supplier Performance Development Process26. QSA: Quality System Assessment27. SPC: Statistic Process Control28. PDAP: Production Part Approval29. DBS: Delphi Business System30. MSA: Measurement System Analysis31. FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis32. TLCC: Total Life Cycle CostEach FunctionHR Dept:HR: Human ResourcePBP: People Business PlanNWG: Natural Work GroupPPI: People Performance IndexMSDS: Material Safety Data SheetsOSHA : Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationIS&S Dept.IS&S: Information System and ServiceIT: Information TechnologyFS: Fourth ShiftMRP: Material Requirement PlanERP: Enterprise Resource PlanSAP: System, Application & ProductsJIT: Just – In – TimeSILS: Supply in Line SequenceOA: Office AutomationISP: Information Security PolicyFIS: An information System Supporting Audi A4 Production in FAW-VWBF: Back FlushOS: Operation SystemIP: Internet ProtocolPC& L:PC& L: Production Control & LogisticE & O: Excess and ObsoletePFEP: Plan For Every PartsTOR: Turn Over RateIPM: Incident Per MillionMPS: Master Production SchedulePO: Purchasing OrderMOQ: Minim Order QualityPPQ: Part Packing QualityL/T: Lead-TimeBOM: Bill of MaterialsWIP: Work In ProcessFIFO: First In First OutDOH: Day On HandPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingI/E DeptI/E: Import & ExportLMC: Logistic Management CompanyP/A: Public AffairsRDC: Regional Distribution CenterC.C : Consolidation CenterCCIB: China Commodity Inspection BranchCD: Customs DutyVAT: Value Added TaxPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingQuality Dept.QC: Quality ControlQSA: Quality System AssessmentDBS: Delphi Business SystemPDP: Product Development ProcessAPQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control PlanPPAP: Production Part ApprovalSPDP: Supplier Performance Development ProcessMSA: Measurement System AnalysisSPC: Statistic Process ControlFMEA: Failure Mode And Effects AnalysisCSE: Customer Support EngineerIP: Improvement PlanDOE : Design of ExperimentsGage R&R : Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process GD&T : Geometric Dimensioning and T olerancing PR/R : Problem Resolution and ReportingAE Dept.PDP: Product Development Process--PI: Product Initiation--CD: Concept Direction--CA: Concept Approval--PA: Product ApprovalAE: Application EngineeringOTS: Off- Tool- SamplesSOP: Start of ProductionOS: Start null seriesCKD: Comletely Knocked DownMPI: Muli Point InjectionPDM: Product Description ManualABS: Anti-Blacker- SystemEOP: End of ProductionCES: CATIA Electric SystemGPS: Global Positioning SystemAT: Automatic TransmissionAC: Air ConditionTDI: Turbo direction injectionSDI: Suck Diesel InjectionCAN: Controller Area NetworkSKD: Semi Knocked DownCVT: Continuously Variable TransmissionDUM: Digital Mock UpADP: Delphi Advanced Development ProcessEngineering Dept.M & TD: Machine & T ool DesignPCT: Planned Cycle TimeSWIP: Standard Work In ProcessCAD: Computer Aided DesignCAE: Computer Aided EngineeringCAM: Computer Aided ManufacturingCIP: Continuous Improvement ProcessDFA: Design for AssemblyDFE: Design for EnvironmentDFM: Define for ManufacturabilityDFMEA: Design Failure Mode and Effects AnalysisEBOM: Engineering Bill of MaterialEWO: Engineering Work OrderFM : Flow ManufacturingM-BOM: Manufacturing Bill of MaterialFinance Dept.ICRQ: Internal Control Review QuestionnairesTTM: T otal travel managementABC: Analysis based on costFARS: Financial Accounting and Reporting StaffCFPR: Corporate Financial Policy & ReportingD-CAP: Delphi Corporate Accounting PoliciesOthersE/EDS: Electric/Electronic Distribution SystemDCS: Delphi Connection SystemDMS: Delphi Mechtronic SystemOCM: Organizational change ManagementAIAG: Automotive Industries Action GroupAPP: Advance Purchasing ProcessAR: Appropriation RequestASQC: American Society for Quality ControlCAMIP: Continuous Automotive Marketing Information Program CAPPLAN : Capacity Planning SystemCMVSS : Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsCP: Critical PathCPM : Critical Path MethodDD: Design and DevelopmentDV: Design ValidationFEA: Finite Element AnalysisIDR: Interim Design ReviewKCC: Key Control CharacteristicKCDS: Key Characteristic Designation SystemKPC: Key Product CharacteristicMRD: Material Required DateMVSS: Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsP-BOM: Product Bill of MaterialPC: Problem CommunicationPDR: Preliminary Design ReviewPL: Project LaunchPM: Project ManagementPR: Performance ReviewPRR: Production Readiness ReviewPV: Product ValidationPVR: Process Validation ReviewQFD: Quality Function DeploymentQRDP: quality, reliability, durability, and performance RASI: responsibility matrixRC: Requirements and ConceptsRR: Requirements ReviewSORP: Start of Regular ProductionSOW: Statement of WorkTALC: Trim-Appearance-Lighting-ColorTDP: Delphi T echnology Development Process TIR: T est Incident ReportTSM: Trade Study MethodologyVSM: Variation Simulation ModelingWBS: Work Breakdown Structure。
供应链专业术语缩写及含义
供应链专业术语缩写及含义供应链管理是一个涉及多个领域的复杂系统,其中涉及到大量的专业术语和缩写。
这些术语和缩写的理解对于供应链管理人员来说至关重要,因为它们涉及到供应链管理的方方面面,包括采购、生产、物流、库存管理等。
在本文中,我将介绍一些常用的供应链专业术语的缩写及其含义,以帮助读者更好地理解供应链管理。
1. SCM:Supply Chain Management,供应链管理。
这是供应链管理领域中最常见的缩写,它涉及到整个供应链的规划、控制和执行,以实现最大化的价值。
2. ERP:Enterprise Resource Planning,企业资源规划。
ERP系统是一种集成的管理软件,它可以帮助企业实现信息的统一管理,包括采购、生产、销售等方面的信息。
3. MRP:Material Requirements Planning,物料需求计划。
MRP 系统是一种用于生产计划和控制的方法,它通过精确地计划所需的物料,并将其与生产计划相匹配,以确保生产的顺利进行。
4. WMS:Warehouse Management System,仓库管理系统。
WMS系统是用于实现仓库内物流管理的软件系统,它可以帮助企业实现仓库内的货物管理、库存控制和订单处理等功能。
5. TMS:Transportation Management System,运输管理系统。
TMS系统是用于管理运输和物流的软件系统,它可以帮助企业实现货物的运输计划、运输管控和运输成本的优化。
6. OMS:Order Management System,订单管理系统。
OMS系统是用于管理订单流程的软件系统,它可以帮助企业实现订单的处理、跟踪和配送等功能。
7. JIT:Just-In-Time,准时制。
JIT是一种生产和库存管理的方法,它通过在需要时才生产和供应物料,以减少库存和提高生产效率。
8. OTD:On-Time Delivery,准时交货。
OTD是一个衡量供应链绩效的指标,它表示供应链能否按时交付订单。
[计划]专业术语缩写
ACK (ACKnowledgment) TCP首部中的确认标志API (Application Programming Interface) 应用编程接口ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) 地址解析协议A R PA N E T(Defense Advanced Research Project Agency NETwork) (美国)国防部远景研究规划局AS (Autonomous System) 自治系统ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) 美国信息交换标准码ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One) 抽象语法记法1BER (Basic Encoding Rule) 基本编码规则BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) 边界网关协议BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) 伯克利I n t e r n e t域名BOOTP (BOOTstrap Protocol) 引导程序协议BPF (BSD Packet Filter) BSD 分组过滤器CIDR (Classless InterDomain Routing) 无类型域间选路CIX (Commercial Internet Exchange) 商业互联网交换CLNP (ConnectionLess Network Protocol) 无连接网络协议CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) 循环冗余检验CSLIP (Compressed SLIP) 压缩的S L I PCSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) 载波侦听多路存取DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment) 数据电路端接设备DDN (Defense Data Network) 国防数据网DF (Don’t Fragment) IP首部中的不分片标志DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) 动态主机配置协议DLPI (Data Link Provider Interface) 数据链路提供者接口DNS (Domain Name System) 域名系统DSAP (Destination Service Access Point) 目的服务访问点DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer) 数字用户线接入复用器DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) 直接序列扩频DTS (Distributed Time Service) 分布式时间服务DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol) 距离向量多播选路协议EBONE (European IP BackbONE) 欧洲I P主干网EOL (End of Option List) 选项清单结束EGP (External Gateway Protocol) 外部网关协议EIA (Electronic Industries Association) 美国电子工业协会FCS (Frame Check Sequence) 帧检验序列FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) 光纤分布式数据接口FIFO (First In, First Out) 先进先出FIN (FINish) TCP首部中的结束标志FQDN (Full Qualified Domain Name) 完全合格的域名FTP (File Transfer Protocol) 文件传送协议HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) 高级数据链路控制HELLO 选路协议IAB (Internet Architecture Board) Internet体系结构委员会IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) Internet号分配机构ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Internet控制报文协议IDRP (InterDomain Routing Protocol) 域间选路协议IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering) (美国)电气与电子工程师协会IEN (Internet Experiment Notes) 互联网试验注释IESG (Internet Engineering Steering Group) Internet工程指导小组IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) Internet工程专门小组IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Internet组管理协议IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) 内部网关协议IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) Internet报文存取协议IP (Internet Protocol) 网际协议I RTF (Internet Research Task Force) Internet研究专门小组IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System Protocol) 中间系统到中间系统协议ISN (Initial Sequence Number) 初始序号ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织ISOC (Internet SOCiety) Internet协会LAN (Local Area Network) 局域网LBX (Low Bandwidth X) 低带宽XLCP (Link Control Protocol) 链路控制协议LFN (Long Fat Net) 长肥网络LIFO (Last In, First Out) 后进先出LLC (Logical Link Control) 逻辑链路控制LSRR (Loose Source and Record Route) 宽松的源站及记录路由MBONE (Multicast Backbone On the InterNEt) Internet上的多播主干网MIB (Management Information Base) 管理信息库MILNET (MILitary NETwork) 军用网MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) 通用I n t e r n e t邮件扩充MSL (Maximum Segment Lifetime) 报文段最大生存时间MSS (Maximum Segment Size) 最大报文段长度M TA (Message Transfer Agent) 报文传送代理MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) 最大传输单元NCP (Network Control Protocol) 网络控制协议NFS (Network File System) 网络文件系统NIC (Network Information Center) 网络信息中心NIT (Network Interface Tap) 网络接口栓(S u n公司的一个程序)NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) 网络新闻传送协议NOAO (National Optical Astronomy Observatories) 国家光学天文台NOP (No Operation) 无操作NSFNET (National Science Foundation NETwork) 国家科学基金网络NSI (NASA Science Internet) (美国)国家宇航局I n t e r n e tNTP (Network Time Protocol) 网络时间协议NVT (Network Virtual Terminal) 网络虚拟终端OSF (Open Software Foudation) 开放软件基金OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) 开放系统互连OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) 开放最短通路优先PAWS (Protection Against Wrapped Sequence number) 防止回绕的序号PDU (Protocol Data Unit) 协议数据单元POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) 可移植操作系统接口PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) 点对点协议PSH (PuSH) TCP首部中的急迫标志RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) 逆地址解析协议RFC (Request For Comments) Internet的文档,其中的少部分成为标准文档RIP (Routing Information Protocol) 路由信息协议RPC (Remote Procedure Call) 远程过程调用RR (Resource Record) 资源记录RST (ReSeT) TCP首部中的复位标志RTO (Retransmission Time Out) 重传超时RTT (Round-Trip Time) 往返时间SACK (Selective ACKnowledgment) 有选择的确认SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) 串行线路I n t e r n e t协议SMI (Structure of Management Information) 管理信息结构SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) 简单邮件传送协议SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) 简单网络管理协议SSAP (Source Service Access Point) 源服务访问点SSRR (Strict Source and Record Route) 严格的源站及记录路由SWS (Silly Window Syndrome) 糊涂窗口综合症SYN (SYNchronous) TCP首部中的同步序号标志TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) 传输控制协议TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) 简单文件传送协议TLI (Transport Layer Interface) 运输层接口TTL (Ti m e - To-Live) 生存时间或寿命TUBA (TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses) 具有更长地址的T C P和U D P Telnet 远程终端协议UA (User Agent) 用户代理UDP (User Datagram Protocol) 用户数据报协议URG (URGent) TCP首部中的紧急指针标志UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) 协调的统一时间UUCP (Unix-to-Unix CoPy) Unix到U n i x的复制WAN (Wide Area Network) 广域网WWW (World Wide Web) 万维网XDR (eXternal Data Representation) 外部数据表示XID (transaction ID) 事务标识符。
常用的英文缩写及其中文意思
常用的英文缩写及其中文意思经济学术语解释1、什么是CPI、通货膨胀、PPI和GNP缩减指数?消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index),英文缩写为CPI,是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标,通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。
如果消费者物价指数升幅过大,表明通胀已经成为经济不稳定因素,央行会有紧缩货币政策和财政政策的风险,从而造成经济前景不明朗。
因此,该指数过高的升幅往往不被市场欢迎。
例如,在过去12个月,消费者物价指数上升2。
3%,那表示,生活成本比12个月前平均上升2。
3%。
当生活成本提高,你的金钱价值便随之下降。
也就是说,一年前收到的一张100元纸币,今日只可以买到价值97。
70元的货品及服务。
一般说来当CPI>3%的增幅时我们称为Inflation,就是通货膨胀;而当CPI>5%的增幅时,我们把他称为Serious Inflation,就是严重的通货膨胀。
主要价格指数有三个:消费者价格指数CPI(Consumer’s Price Index),生产者价格指数PPI(Producer’s Price Index),GNP缩减指数(GNP Deflator)。
可以这样说,CPI是一个同步经济指标,PPI是一个先行经济指标。
一般来说生产者价格指数领先于经济3个月到半年,消费者滞后于经济3个月到半年。
CPI可以显示目前经济状况,而PPI可以显示未来经济状况。
PPI计算的是厂商出售的价格,而CPI计算的是消费者购买的价格。
2、什么是恩格尔系数?1857年,德国统计学家恩格尔在研究了当时西欧某些居民家庭的收入和食物消费支出的关系后,提出了这样一个观点:一个家庭收入越少,总支出中用来购买食物的费用所占的比例越大。
这一观点被称为“恩格尔定律”,即恩格尔系数。
用公式表示为:恩格尔系数(%)=(食物支出额÷消费支出总额)×100%恩格尔定律主要表述的是食品支出占总消费支出随收入变化而变化的一定趋势。
ts专用术语缩写
Plan-Do-Check-Action,计划、实施、检查、行动,持续改进的基本步 骤。 process failure mode and effects analysis,过程失效模式和后果分析。
故障预防。 problem report,问题解决。 质量反馈单。 problem resolution tracking system, problem solving,问题解决。 quality、cost、delivery质量、成本、交期,被视为管理的首要目标。 quality-service-technique-price,对供应商考核的四项指标。 single issue list,单一问题清单。 safety,people,quality,responsiveness,cost,五大目标。 theory of constraints限制理论。
暗灯。 advanced production quality plan,产品质量前期策划。 基于抽样来确定供方文件化的质量体系实施有效性的现场验证活动。 built in quality,制造质量。 cycle time,周期时间。 design failure mode and effects analysis,设计失效模式和后果分析。 failure mode and effects analysis,失效模式和后果分析。 flexible manufacturing systems,柔性制造系统。 fixed position stop,定点停。 fault tree analysis,故障树分析。 first time quality,下线合格率。 global customer audit,全球客户评审。 industry engineering,工业工程。 index time,指数时间。 key characteristic designation system,关键特性指定系统。 key product characteristic 主要产品特性。 measurement system analysis,测量系统分析。 off tooling sample,工装样件。 产品装配文件。 单一零件规划。 单一零件清单。 production maintenance,设备维修。 production maintence partnership,设备维修伙伴。 production part approve process,生产件批准程序。 quality control circles,质量圈。
专业术语 (缩写)
一、质量管理类术语
二、检验方法类术语
MOI的测定: 其原理是基于病毒感染细胞是一种随机事件,遵循Poisson分布规律,可计算出感染一定比例的培养细胞所需的感染复数(MOI)。
其公式为:
P = 1- P(0) ,P(0) = e-m 或m = -InP(0)。
其中:
P 为被感染细胞的百分率
P(0)为未被感染细胞的百分率
m为MOI值
例如,如果要感染培养皿中99%的培养细胞,则:
P(0) = 1% = 0.01
m = -In(0.01)= 4.6 pfu/cell。
由此可以看出,由于病毒特性和研究者习惯的不同,MOI的单位由原来约定俗成的pfu number/cell变成多种表示单位。
在阅读文献和写作论文时,应注意MOI的具体含义和单位。
三、细胞系术语
外源病毒检验选用的细胞
荧光抗体检查法选择的细胞及阳性对照参考毒株
四、病源微生物(疫病)术语
五、产生血凝现象的常见动物病毒及红细胞。
酒店前台专业术语常见缩写及解释
酒店前台专业术语常见缩写1)RM= room 房间2)D/O=due out 预退/预离3)P/B=Pay by 由…付费4)P/F=Pay for 为…付费5)G/F=guarantee for 为…担保6)G/B= guarantee by 由..担保7)O/S=outside guest 非住店客人8)S/O=sleep out 外宿9)ID=identification card 身份证10)TA=Travel Agent 导游/旅行社11)CC=Credit Card 信用卡12)CA=Cash 现金13)AUTH=Authorization 预授权14)DEP=Deposit 押金15)DNC=Do not change 勿改16)WI=Walk in 散客17)FIT=frequent individual traveler 散客18)GTD=Guaranteed 担保19)CXL=cancel 取消20)POA=pay own account 自付21)PTY=party 团队22)GRP=group 团队23)L/O=late check out 延迟退房24)EXT=extend 续住25)HDC=half day of charge 半天房费26)FDC=full day of charge 全天房费27)FOC=Free of charge 免费28)RR/RT=room rate /room charge 房费29)UPG=upgrade 升级30)UPS=up sell 增值销售31)COMP=complimentary 免费32)HSE=house use 自用33)ETA=expected time of arrival 预抵日期34)ETD=expected time of departure 预离日期35)RC= registration card 入住登记单36)RSVN=reservation 预订37)BBF=breakfast 早餐38)CBF=child breakfast 儿童早餐39)DND=do notdisturb 请勿打扰40)DNM=do not move 勿动41)pkg=package 套餐/包价42)pax=people 人员43)N/A=no answer 无应答44)NB=no baggage 无行李45)N/S=no show 未到预订46)OT=overtime 加班47)PA=Public area48)PSB=public security bureau 公安局49)P/u=pick up 接机50)RO=reservation order 订单酒店前台常用术语解释1)Advance Deposit1.预付定金是指旅客在酒店定房时,酒店为确保经济效益(尤其在旺季)向客人收取的一笔定金。
专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照
BA:Bridge Amplifier 桥接放大器 TOP BAC:Building Automation & Control net 建筑物自动化和控制网络 BAM:Background Administration Module 后管理模块 BBER:Background Block Error Ratio 背景块误码比 BCC:B-channel Connect ControlB 通路连接控制 BD:Building Distributor BEF:Buiding Entrance Facilities 建筑物入口设施 BFOC:Bayonet Fibre Optic Connector 大口式光纤连接器 BGN:Background Noise 背景噪声 BGS: Background Sound 背景音响 BIP-N:Bit Interleaved Parity N code 比特间插奇偶校验 N 位码 B-ISDN:Brand band ISDN 宽带综合业务数字网 B-ISDN:Broad band -Integrated Services Digital Network 宽带综合业务数字网
专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照 请选择您所要查询的字母:A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-L-M-O-P-R-S-T-U-V A:Actuator 执行器 A:Amplifier 放大器 A:Attendance 员工考勤 A:Attenuation 衰减 AA:Antenna amplifier 开线放大器 AA:Architectural Acoustics 建筑声学 AC:Analogue Controller 模拟控制器 ACD:Automatic Call Distribution 自动分配话务 ACS:Access Control System 出入控制系统 AD:Addressable Detector 地址探测器 ADM:Add/Drop Multiplexer 分插复用器 ADPCM:Adaptive Differential ulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉冲编码调制 AF:Acoustic Feedback 声反馈 AFR:Amplitude /Frequency Response 幅频响应 AGC:Automati Gain Control 自动增益控制 AHU:Air Handling Unit 空气处理机组 A-I:Auto-iris 自动光圈 AIS:Alarm Indication Signal 告警指示信号 AITS:Acknowledged Information Transfer Service 确认操作 ALC:Automati Level Control 自动平衡控制 ALS:Alarm Seconds 告警秒 ALU:Analogue Lines Unit 模拟用户线单元 AM:Administration Module 管理模块 AN:Access Network 接入网 ANSI:American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会 APS:Automatic Protection Switching 自动保护倒换 ASC:Automati Slope Control 自动斜率控制 ATH:Analogue Trunk Unit 模拟中继单元 ATM:Asynchrous Transfer Mode 异步传送方式 AU- PPJE:AU Pointer Positive Justification 管理单元正指针调整 AU:Administration Unit 管理单元 AU-AIS:Administrative Unit Alarm Indication SignalAU 告警指示信号 AUG:Administration Unit Group 管理单元组
供应链专业术语缩写及含义
供应链专业术语缩写及含义1. SCM -供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)供应链管理是指在产品或服务从原始材料生产到最终用户使用的整个过程中,协调和管理各个环节,以实现高效的运作和最大程度的客户满意度。
2. ERP -企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning)企业资源规划是一种集成管理系统,通过整合企业内部的各个部门和业务流程,提高资源利用效率,优化供应链流程。
3. WMS -仓储管理系统(Warehouse Management System)仓储管理系统是一种用于管理和优化仓库操作的软件系统,包括入库、出库、库存管理、订单处理等功能。
4. TMS -运输管理系统(Transportation Management System)运输管理系统是一种用于优化货物运输和配送过程的软件系统,包括路线规划、运输成本管理、运输跟踪等功能。
5. GPS -全球定位系统(Global Positioning System)全球定位系统是一种卫星导航系统,用于确定物品或车辆的精确位置,提高运输过程的可视化和管理效率。
6. RFID -射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification)射频识别技术是一种利用无线电信号来识别和跟踪物品或货物的技术,可以实现物流信息的实时采集和监控。
7. JIT -及时制(Just-In-Time)及时制是一种生产和库存管理方法,通过在需要时准确生产所需数量的产品,以减少库存和提高效率。
8. SLA -服务水平协议(Service Level Agreement)服务水平协议是一种合同或协议,规定供应商或物流服务提供商应达到的服务水平标准和指标。
9. KPI -关键绩效指标(Key Performance Indicator)关键绩效指标是用于衡量供应链绩效的重要指标,可以是成本、交货准时率、库存周转率等。
专业术语英文缩写
缩写
APQP
英文
Advanced Product Quality Planing Acceptable Quality Level Approved Vendor List Bill Of Material Correction Action Report Process Capability Index Customer Service Design Failure Mode Effects Analysis Defect Parts Per Million Design Verification Test Engineering Change Notice Engineering Change Order Engineering Change Record Enterprise Resource Planning Failure Analysis Engineer First Article Inspection First In First Out Final Quality Assurance In Process Quality Control Incoming Quality Control Just In Time Key Performance Indication Lead Time Mass Product Introduction Material Review Board Manufacturing Resource Planning II New Product Introduction Outgoing Quality Assurance Outgoing Quality Control Purchase Order Printed Circuit Board Assembly Process Change Notice Process Change Record Process Engineer Product Management Plan Quality Check Quality Engineering Quality Function Deployment Returned Material Authorization The Restriction Of The Use Of Certain Hazardous SubstancesProcess ControlAnd Electronic Statistic In Electrical Supplier Quality Assurance Total Quality Management Technology Service Vendor Managed Inventory Waste Electrical And Electronic Equip7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 AQL AVL BOM CAR
销售中可能遇到和一些专业术语和英文缩写
投资回报率:简写:ROI ,Return On Investment。是指通过投资而应返回的价值,它涵盖了企业的获利目标。利润和投入的经营所必备的财产相关,因为管理人员必须通过投资和现有财产获得利润。
净资产收益率:简写:ROE,Rate of Return on Common Stockholders’ Equity。净资产收益率又称股东权益收益率,是净利润与股东权益的百分比。该指标反映股东权益的收益水平,指标值越高,说明投资带来的收益越高。
财务部 General Accounting Department
销售部 Sales Department
国际部 International Department
广告部 Advertising Department
企划部 Planning Department
研发部 Research and Development Department(R&D)
CRM: 客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management)
JIT: 即时管理(Just In Time)
KM: 知识管理 (Knowledge Management)
LTC: 最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)
LUC: 最小单位成本 (Least Unit Cost)
秘书室 Secretarial Pool
销售相关名词:
KA:Key Accounts(原:主要客户)大卖场,大型连锁
DM:Deliver Message Direct Mail 宣传单张
POP:Point of the purchase (原:据点上的购买)店头广告
专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照(A-L)
专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照(A-L)A:Actuator 执行器A:Amplifier 放大器A:Attendance员工考勤A:Attenuation衰减AA:Antenna amplifier 开线放大器AA:Architectural Acoustics建筑声学AC:Analogue Controller 模拟控制器ACD:Automatic Call Distribution 自动分配话务ACS:Access Control System出入控制系统AD:Addressable Detector地址探测器ADM:Add/Drop Multiplexer分插复用器ADPCM:Adaptive Differential ulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉冲编码调制AF:Acoustic Feedback 声反馈AFR:Amplitude /Frequency Response 幅频响应AGC:Automati Gain Control自动增益控制AHU:Air Handling Unit 空气处理机组A-I:Auto-iris自动光圈AIS:Alarm Indication Signal 告警指示信号AITS:Acknowledged Information Transfer Service确认操作ALC:Automati Level Control 自动平衡控制ALS:Alarm Seconds 告警秒ALU:Analogue Lines Unit 模拟用户线单元AM:Administration Module管理模块AN:Access Network 接入网ANSI:American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会APS:Automatic Protection Switching 自动保护倒换ASC:Automati Slope Control 自动斜率控制ATH:Analogue Trunk Unit 模拟中继单元ATM:Asynchrous Transfer Mode 异步传送方式AU- PPJE:AU Pointer Positive Justification 管理单元正指针调整AU:Administration Unit 管理单元AU-AIS:Administrative Unit Alarm Indication SignalAU告警指示信号AUG:Administration Unit Group 管理单元组AU-LOP:Loss of Administrative Unit Pointer AU指针丢失AU-NPJE:AU Pointer Negative Justification管理单元负指针调整AUP:Administration Unit Pointer管理单元指针AVCD:Auchio &Video Control Device 音像控制装置AWG:American Wire Gauge美国线缆规格BA:Bridge Amplifier桥接放大器BAC:Building Automation & Control net建筑物自动化和控制网络BAM:Background Administration Module后管理模块BBER:Background Block Error Ratio背景块误码比BCC:B-channel Connect ControlB通路连接控制BD:Building DistributorBEF:Buiding Entrance Facilities 建筑物入口设施BFOC:Bayonet Fibre Optic Connector大口式光纤连接器BGN:Background Noise背景噪声BGS: Background Sound 背景音响BIP-N:Bit Interleaved Parity N code 比特间插奇偶校验N位码B-ISDN:Brand band ISDN 宽带综合业务数字网B-ISDN:Broad band -Integrated Services Digital Network 宽带综合业务数字网BMC:Burst Mode Controller 突发模式控制器BMS:Building Management System 智能建筑管理系统BRI:Basic Rate ISDN 基本速率的综合业务数字网BS:Base Station基站BSC:Base Station Controller基站控制器BUL:Back up lighting备用照明C/S: Client/Server客户机/服务器C:Combines 混合器C:Container 容器CA:Call Accounting电话自动计费系统CATV:Cable Television 有线电视CC:Call Control 呼叫控制CC:Coax cable 同轴电缆CCD:Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件CCF:Cluster Contril Function 簇控制功能CD:Campus Distributor 建筑群配线架CD:Combination detector 感温,感烟复合探测器CDCA:Continuous Dynamic Channel Assign 连续的动态信道分配CDDI:Copper Distributed Data 合同缆分布式数据接口CDES:Carbon dioxide extinguisbing system 二氧化碳系统CDMA:Code Division Multiplex Access 码分多址CF:Core Function 核心功能CFM:Compounded Frequency Modulation 压扩调频繁CIS:Call Information System 呼叫信息系统CISPR:Internation Special Conmittee On Radio Interference 国际无线电干扰专门委员会CLNP:Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接模式网络层协议CLP:Cell Loss Priority信元丢失优先权CM:Communication Module 通信模块CM:Configuration Management 配置管理CM:Cross-connect Matrix交叉连接矩阵CMI:Coded Mark Inversion传号反转码CMISE:Common Management Information Service公用管理信息协议服务单元CPE:Convergence protocol entity 会聚协议实体CR/E:card reader /Encoder (Ticket reader )卡读写器/编码器CRC:Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗佘校验CRT:Cathode Ray Tabe 显示器,监视器,阴极射线管CS: Convergence service 会聚服务CS:Cableron Spectrum 旧纳档块化技术CS:Ceiling Screen 挡烟垂壁CS:Convergence Sublayer合聚子层CSC:Combined Speaker Cabinet 组合音响CSCW:Computer supported collaborative work 计算机支持的协同工作CSES:Continuius Severely Errored Second 连续严重误码秒CSF:Cell Site Function 单基站功能控制CTB:Composite Triple Beat 复合三价差拍CTD:Cable Thermal Detector 缆式线型感温探测器CTNR:carrier to noise ratio 载波比CW:Control Word 控制字D:Directional 指向性D:Distortion 失真度D:Distributive 分布式DA:Distribution Amplifier 分配的大器DBA:Database Administrator数据库管理者DBCSN:Database Control System Nucleus数据库控制系统核心DBOS:Database Organizing System 数据库组织系统DBSS:Database Security System 数据库安全系统DC:Door Contacts大门传感器DCC:Digital Communication Channel数字通信通路DCN:Data Communication Network 数据通信网DCP-I:Distributed Control Panel -Intelligent智能型分散控制器DCS:Distributed Control System集散型控制系统DDN:Digital Data Network 数字数据网DDS:Direct Dignital Controller直接数字控制器DDW:Data Describing Word 数据描述字DECT:Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication增强数字无绳通讯DFB:Distributed Feedback 分布反馈DID:Direct Inward Dialing 直接中继方式,呼入直拨到分机用户DLC:Data Link Control Layer 数据链路层DLI:DECT Line InterfaceDODI:Direct Outward Dialing One 一次拨号音DPH:DECT PhoneDRC:Directional Response Cahracteristics 指向性响应DS:Direct Sound 直正声DSP:Digital signal Processing 数字信号处理DSS:Deiision Support System 决策支持系统DTMF:Dual Tone Multi-Frequency 双音多频DTS:Dual -Technology Sensor 双鉴传感器DWDM:Dense Wave-length Division Multiplexing 密集波分复用DXC:Digital Cross-Connect 数字交叉连接E:Emergency lighting照明设备E:Equalizer 均衡器E:Expander 扩展器EA-DFB:Electricity Absorb-Distributed Feedback 电吸收分布反馈ECC:Embedded Control Channel 嵌入或控制通道EDFA:Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier掺饵光纤放大器EDI:Electronic Data Interexchange 电子数据交换EIC:Electrical Impedance Characteristics 电阻抗特性EMC:Electro Magnetic Compatibiloty 电磁兼容性EMI:Electro Magnetic Interference 电磁干扰EMS:Electromagnetic Sensitibility 电磁敏感性EN:Equivalent Noise 等效噪声EP:Emergency Power 应急电源ES:Emergency Sooket 应急插座ES:Evacuation Sigvial疏散照明ESA:Error SecondA 误码秒类型AESB:ErrorSecondB 误码秒类型BESD:Electrostatic Discharge静电放电ESR:Errored Second Ratio 误码秒比率ETDM:Electrical Time Division Multiplexing电时分复用ETSI:European Telecommunication Standards Institute欧洲电信标准协会F:Filter 滤波器FAB:Fire Alarm Bell 火警警铃FACU:Fire Alarm Contrlol Unit 火灾自动报警控制装置FC:Failure Count 失效次数FC:Frequency Converter 频率变换器FCC:Fire Alarm System 火灾报警系统FCS:Field Control System 现场总线FCU:Favn Coil Unit风机盘管FD:Fire Door 防火门FD:Flame Detector 火焰探测器FD:Floor DistributorFD:Frequency Dirsder 分频器FDD:Frequency Division Dual 频分双工FDDI:Fiberdistributed Data Interface光纤缆分布式数据接口。
临床专业术语缩写
专业术语缩略语英文全称中文全称ADE Adverse Drug Event 药物不良事件ADR Adverse Drug Reaction 药物不良反应AE Adverse Event 不良事件AI Assistant Investigator 助理研究者BMI Body Mass Index 体质指数CI Co—investigator 合作研究者COI Coordinating Investigator 协调研究者CRA Clinical Research Associate 临床监查员(临床监察员)CRC Clinical Research Coordinator 临床研究协调者CRF Case Report Form 病历报告表CRO Contract Research Organization 合同研究组织CSA Clinical Study Application 临床研究申请CTA Clinical Trial Application 临床试验申请CTX Clinical Trial Exemption 临床试验免责CTP Clinical Trial Protocol 临床试验方案CTR Clinical Trial Report 临床试验报告DSMB Data Safety and monitoring Board数据安全及监控委员会EDC Electronic Data Capture 电子数据采集系统EDP Electronic Data Processing 电子数据处理系统FDA Food and Drug Administration 美国食品与药品管理局FR Final Report 总结报告GCP Good Clinical Practice 药物临床试验质量管理规范GLP Good Laboratory Practice 药物非临床试验质量管理规范GMP Good Manufacturing Practice 药品生产质量管理规范IB Investigator’s Brochure 研究者手册IC Informed Consent 知情同意ICF Informed Consent Form 知情同意书ICH International Conference on Harmonization国际协调会议IDM Independent Data Monitoring 独立数据监察IDMC Independent Data Monitoring Committee独立数据监察委员会IEC Independent Ethics Committee 独立伦理委员会IND Investigational New Drug 新药临床研究IRB Institutional Review Board 机构审查委员会IVD In Vitro Diagnostic 体外诊断IVRS Interactive Voice Response System互动语音应答系统MA Marketing Approval/Authorization上市许可证MCA Medicines Control Agency 英国药品监督局MHW Ministry of Health and Welfare 日本卫生福利部NDA New Drug Application 新药申请NEC New Drug Entity 新化学实体NIH National Institutes of Health 国家卫生研究所(美国)PI Principal Investigator 主要研究者PL Product License 产品许可证PMA Pre-market Approval (Application)上市前许可(申请)PSI Statisticians in the Pharmaceutical Industry 制药业统计学家协会QA Quality Assurance 质量保证QC Quality Control 质量控制RA Regulatory Authorities 监督管理部门SA Site Assessment 现场评估SAE Serious Adverse Event 严重不良事件SAP Statistical Analysis Plan 统计分析计划SAR Serious Adverse Reaction 严重不良反应SD Source Data/Document 原始数据/文件SD Subject Diary 受试者日记SFDA State Food and Drug Administration国家食品药品监督管理局SDV Source Data Verification 原始数据核准SEL Subject Enrollment Log 受试者入选表SI Sub-investigator 助理研究者SI Sponsor-Investigator 申办研究者SIC Subject Identification Code 受试者识别代码SOP Standard Operating Procedure 标准操作规程SPL Study Personnel List 研究人员名单SSL Subject Screening Log 受试者筛选表T&R Test and Reference Product 受试和参比试剂UAE Unexpected Adverse Event 预料外不良事件WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织WHO—ICDRA WHO International Conference of Drug Regulatory Authorities WHO国际药品管理当局会议Active Control 阳性对照、活性对照Audit 稽查Audit Report 稽查报告Auditor 稽查员Blank Control 空白对照Blinding/masking 盲法/设盲Case History 病历Clinical study 临床研究Clinical Trial 临床试验Clinical Trial Report 临床试验报告Compliance 依从性Coordinating Committee 协调委员会Cross—over Study 交叉研究Double Blinding 双盲Endpoint Criteria/measurement 终点指标Essential Documentation 必需文件Exclusion Criteria 排除标准Inclusion Criteria 入选表准Information Gathering 信息收集Initial Meeting 启动会议Inspection 检察/视察Institution Inspection 机构检察Investigational Product 试验药物Investigator 研究者Monitor 监查员(监察员)Monitoring 监查(监察)Monitoring Plan 监查计划(监察计划)Monitoring Report 监查报告(监察报告)Multi-center Trial 多中心试验Non-clinical Study 非临床研究Original Medical Record 原始医疗记录Outcome Assessment 结果评价Patient File 病人档案Patient History 病历Placebo 安慰剂Placebo Control 安慰剂对照Preclinical Study 临床前研究Protocol 试验方案Protocol Amendments 修正案Randomization 随机Reference Product 参比制剂Sample Size 样本量、样本大小Seriousness 严重性Severity 严重程度Single Blinding 单盲Sponsor 申办者Study Audit 研究稽查Subject 受试者Subject Enrollment 受试者入选Subject Enrollment Log 受试者入选表Subject Identification Code List 受试者识别代码表Subject Recruitment 受试者招募Study Site 研究中心Subject Screening Log 受试者筛选表System Audit 系统稽查Test Product 受试制剂Trial Initial Meeting 试验启动会议Trial Master File 试验总档案Trial Objective 试验目的Triple Blinding 三盲Wash—out 洗脱Wash—out Period 洗脱期。
酒店前台专业术语常见缩写及解释
酒店前台专业术语常见缩写1)RM= room 房间2)D/O=due out 预退/预离3)P/B=Pay by 由…付费4)P/F=Pay for 为…付费5)G/F=guarantee for 为…担保6)G/B= guarantee by 由..担保7)O/S=outside guest 非住店客人8)S/O=sleep out 外宿9)ID=identification card 身份证10)TA=Travel Agent 导游/旅行社11)CC=Credit Card 信用卡12)CA=Cash 现金13)AUTH=Authorization 预授权14)DEP=Deposit 押金15)DNC=Do not change 勿改16)WI=Walk in 散客17)FIT=frequent individual traveler 散客18)GTD=Guaranteed 担保19)CXL=cancel 取消20)POA=pay own account 自付21)PTY=party 团队22)GRP=group 团队23)L/O=late check out 延迟退房24)EXT=extend 续住25)HDC=half day of charge 半天房费26)FDC=full day of charge 全天房费27)FOC=Free of charge 免费28)RR/RT=room rate /room charge 房费29)UPG=upgrade 升级30)UPS=up sell 增值销售31)COMP=complimentary 免费32)HSE=house use 自用33)ETA=expected time of arrival 预抵日期34)ETD=expected time of departure 预离日期35)RC= registration card 入住登记单36)RSVN=reservation 预订37)BBF=breakfast 早餐38)CBF=child breakfast 儿童早餐39)DND=do notdisturb 请勿打扰40)DNM=do not move 勿动41)pkg=package 套餐/包价42)pax=people 人员43)N/A=no answer 无应答44)NB=no baggage 无行李45)N/S=no show 未到预订46)OT=overtime 加班47)PA=Public area48)PSB=public security bureau 公安局49)P/u=pick up 接机50)RO=reservation order 订单酒店前台常用术语解释1)Advance Deposit1.预付定金是指旅客在酒店定房时,酒店为确保经济效益(尤其在旺季)向客人收取的一笔定金。
专业术语(缩写)列表---新手入门参考
专业术语(缩写)列表---新手入门参考AALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元注:主要功能是进行二进制的算术运算,如加减乘(不包括整数除法)。
CCg (C Graphics)注:NVIDIA 推出的一种高级着色语言,代表的是绘图显示用的C语言。
CMP (Chip Multi-Processor) 片上多处理器注:单个芯片上实现SMP,每一个处理器内核就是一个相对简单的单线程处理器。
CMP允许线程在多个内核上并行执行,从而利用线程级并行性来提高系统性能。
CMT (Chip Multi-threading) 片上多线程注:在一块芯片上集成多个MT处理器内核,构造出支持TLP的SMP系统。
CMT=CMP+MT。
CPI (Cycles Per Instruction) 每指令时钟数注:处理器中每条指令执行所需的系统时钟数。
CTA(Cooperative Thread Array) 互相合作的线程组注:也称为Thread block;线程间允许彼此同步,通过共享内存交换数据。
CUBLAS (CUDA Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) CUDA基本线性代数子程序注:CUDA提供的函数库,在硬件驱动上实现,编程时可直接使用。
CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) 统一计算架构注:由NVIDIA推出的,建立在GPU基础之上的通用计算开发平台。
EECC (Error Checking and Correcting) 错误检查和纠正注:一种内存数据的错误检查与纠正技术,占用的额外位宽小,实际数据位宽增加一倍,校验比特只增加1位。
FFPU (Float Point Unit) 浮点运算单元注:专用于浮点运算的处理器,典型的运算包括加、减、乘、除、平方根运算等。
Ggrid 网格注:一组thread block,以1维、2维或3维组织,共享全局内存。
专业术语缩写大全
专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照请选择您所要查询的字母:A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-L-M-O-P-R-S-T-U-VA:Actuator 执行器A:Amplifier 放大器A:Attendance员工考勤A:Attenuation衰减AA:Antenna amplifier 开线放大器AA:Architectural Acoustics建筑声学AC:Analogue Controller 模拟控制器ACD:Automatic Call Distribution 自动分配话务ACS:Access Control System出入控制系统AD:Addressable Detector地址探测器ADM:Add/Drop Multiplexer分插复用器ADPCM:Adaptive Differential ulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉冲编码调制AF:Acoustic Feedback 声反馈AFR:Amplitude /Frequency Response 幅频响应AGC:Automati Gain Control自动增益控制AHU:Air Handling Unit 空气处理机组A-I:Auto-iris自动光圈AIS:Alarm Indication Signal 告警指示信号AITS:Acknowledged Information Transfer Service确认操作ALC:Automati Level Control 自动平衡控制ALS:Alarm Seconds 告警秒ALU:Analogue Lines Unit 模拟用户线单元AM:Administration Module管理模块AN:Access Network 接入网ANSI:American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会APS:Automatic Protection Switching 自动保护倒换ASC:Automati Slope Control 自动斜率控制ATH:Analogue Trunk Unit 模拟中继单元ATM:Asynchrous Transfer Mode 异步传送方式AU- PPJE:AU Pointer Positive Justification 管理单元正指针调整AU:Administration Unit 管理单元AU-AIS:Administrative Unit Alarm Indication SignalAU告警指示信号AUG:Administration Unit Group 管理单元组AU-LOP:Loss of Administrative Unit Pointer AU指针丢失AU-NPJE:AU Pointer Negative Justification管理单元负指针调整AUP:Administration Unit Pointer管理单元指针AVCD:Auchio &Video Control Device 音像控制装置AWG:American Wire Gauge美国线缆规格BA:Bridge Amplifier桥接放大器TOPBAC:Building Automation & Control net建筑物自动化和控制网络BAM:Background Administration Module后管理模块BBER:Background Block Error Ratio背景块误码比BCC:B-channel Connect ControlB通路连接控制BD:Building DistributorBEF:Buiding Entrance Facilities 建筑物入口设施BFOC:Bayonet Fibre Optic Connector大口式光纤连接器BGN:Background Noise背景噪声BGS: Background Sound 背景音响BIP-N:Bit Interleaved Parity N code 比特间插奇偶校验N位码B-ISDN:Brand band ISDN 宽带综合业务数字网B-ISDN:Broad band -Integrated Services Digital Network 宽带综合业务数字网BMC:Burst Mode Controller 突发模式控制器BMS:Building Management System 智能建筑管理系统BRI:Basic Rate ISDN 基本速率的综合业务数字网BS:Base Station基站BSC:Base Station Controller基站控制器BUL:Back up lighting备用照明C/S: Client/Server客户机/服务器TOPC:Combines 混合器C:Container 容器CA:Call Accounting电话自动计费系统CATV:Cable Television 有线电视CC:Call Control 呼叫控制CC:Coax cable 同轴电缆CCD:Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件CCF:Cluster Contril Function 簇控制功能CD:Campus Distributor 建筑群配线架CD:Combination detector 感温,感烟复合探测器CDCA:Continuous Dynamic Channel Assign 连续的动态信道分配CDDI:Copper Distributed Data 合同缆分布式数据接口CDES:Carbon dioxide extinguisbing system 二氧化碳系统CDMA:Code Division Multiplex Access 码分多址CF:Core Function 核心功能CFM:Compounded Frequency Modulation 压扩调频繁CIS:Call Information System 呼叫信息系统CISPR:Internation Special Conmittee On Radio Interference 国际无线电干扰专门委员会CLNP:Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接模式网络层协议CLP:Cell Loss Priority信元丢失优先权CM:Communication Module 通信模块CM:Configuration Management 配置管理CM:Cross-connect Matrix交叉连接矩阵CMI:Coded Mark Inversion传号反转码CMISE:Common Management Information Service公用管理信息协议服务单元CPE:Convergence protocol entity 会聚协议实体CR/E:card reader /Encoder (Ticket reader )卡读写器/编码器CRC:Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗佘校验CRT:Cathode Ray Tabe 显示器,监视器,阴极射线管CS: Convergence service 会聚服务CS:Cableron Spectrum 旧纳档块化技术CS:Ceiling Screen 挡烟垂壁CS:Convergence Sublayer合聚子层CSC:Combined Speaker Cabinet 组合音响CSCW:Computer supported collaborative work 计算机支持的协同工作CSES:Continuius Severely Errored Second 连续严重误码秒CSF:Cell Site Function 单基站功能控制CTB:Composite Triple Beat 复合三价差拍CTD:Cable Thermal Detector 缆式线型感温探测器CTNR:carrier to noise ratio 载波比CW:Control Word 控制字D:Directional 指向性TOPD:Distortion 失真度D:Distributive 分布式DA:Distribution Amplifier 分配的大器DBA:Database Administrator数据库管理者DBCSN:Database Control System Nucleus数据库控制系统核心DBOS:Database Organizing System 数据库组织系统DBSS:Database Security System 数据库安全系统DC:Door Contacts大门传感器DCC:Digital Communication Channel数字通信通路DCN:Data Communication Network 数据通信网DCP-I:Distributed Control Panel -Intelligent智能型分散控制器DCS:Distributed Control System集散型控制系统DDN:Digital Data Network 数字数据网DDS:Direct Dignital Controller直接数字控制器DDW:Data Describing Word 数据描述字DECT:Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication增强数字无绳通讯DFB:Distributed Feedback 分布反馈DID:Direct Inward Dialing 直接中继方式,呼入直拨到分机用户DLC:Data Link Control Layer 数据链路层DLI:DECT Line InterfaceDODI:Direct Outward Dialing One 一次拨号音DPH:DECT PhoneDRC:Directional Response Cahracteristics 指向性响应DS:Direct Sound 直正声DSP:Digital signal Processing 数字信号处理DSS:Deiision Support System 决策支持系统DTMF:Dual Tone Multi-Frequency 双音多频DTS:Dual -Technology Sensor 双鉴传感器DWDM:Dense Wave-length Division Multiplexing 密集波分复用DXC:Digital Cross-Connect 数字交叉连接E:Emergency lighting照明设备TOPE:Equalizer 均衡器E:Expander 扩展器EA-DFB:Electricity Absorb-Distributed Feedback 电吸收分布反馈ECC:Embedded Control Channel 嵌入或控制通道EDFA:Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier掺饵光纤放大器EDI:Electronic Data Interexchange 电子数据交换EIC:Electrical Impedance Characteristics 电阻抗特性EMC:Electro Magnetic Compatibiloty 电磁兼容性EMI:Electro Magnetic Interference 电磁干扰EMS:Electromagnetic Sensitibility 电磁敏感性EN:Equivalent Noise 等效噪声EP:Emergency Power 应急电源ES:Emergency Sooket 应急插座ES:Evacuation Sigvial疏散照明ESA:Error SecondA 误码秒类型AESB:ErrorSecondB 误码秒类型BESD:Electrostatic Discharge静电放电ESR:Errored Second Ratio 误码秒比率ETDM:Electrical Time Division Multiplexing电时分复用ETSI:European Telecommunication Standards Institute欧洲电信标准协会F:Filter 滤波器TOPFAB:Fire Alarm Bell 火警警铃FACU:Fire Alarm Contrlol Unit 火灾自动报警控制装置FC:Failure Count 失效次数FC:Frequency Converter 频率变换器FCC:Fire Alarm System 火灾报警系统FCS:Field Control System 现场总线FCU:Favn Coil Unit风机盘管FD:Fire Door 防火门FD:Flame Detector 火焰探测器FD:Floor DistributorFD:Frequency Dirsder 分频器FDD:Frequency Division Dual 频分双工FDDI:Fiberdistributed Data Interface光纤缆分布式数据接口。
常用计算机专业缩写术语
常用计算机专业缩写术语MTBF,即平均无故障时间1.DSL 数字用户线路2.ADSL 非对称数字用户线路3.ISP 因特网服务提供商4.B/S 浏览器/服务器5.C/S 客户端/服务器6.URL 统一资源定位器7.HTML 超文本标记语言8.TLD 顶级域名9.E-Mail 电子邮件10.IM 即时通信11.FTP 文件传输协议12.HTTP 超文本传输协议13.WW 万维网14.OS 操作系统15.GUI 图形用户界面16.IT 信息技术17.DBMS 数据库管理系统18.DB 数据库19.NOS 网络操作系统20.PDA 个人数字助理21.ASCII 美国标准信息交换代码22.EBCDIC 扩充的二进制编码的十进制交换码23.CPU 中央处理器24.ALU 算术逻辑单元25.CU 控制单元26.RAM 随机存储器27.ROM只读存储器28.BIOS基本输入输出系29.CMOS 互补金属氧化物半导体30.DRAM 动态随机存储器31.SDRAM 同步动态随机存储器32.NIC 网络接口卡33.ISA 工业标准结构总线34.PCI 外设连接接口35.AGP 图形加速器端口B 通用串行总线37.MIDI 音乐设备数字接口38.I/O 输入输出设备39.OSI 开放互联参考模型40.TELNET 远程登录41.CAI 计算机辅助教学42.CAD 计算机辅助设计43.CAM 计算机辅助制造44.CAT 计算机辅助测试45.OLE 对象链接与嵌入46.SQL 结构化数据查询语言47.DDL 动态链接库48.GSM 数字通信49.CDMA 码分多址传输技术50.VCD 视频压缩光盘51.DVD 数字视频光盘52.UPS 不间断电源53.DOS 磁盘操作系统54.FAT 文件分配表55.OOP 面向对象程序设计56.CSS 层叠格式表57.XML 可扩展标记语言58.ARP 地址解析协议59.ATM 异步传输模式60.MAN 城域网N 局域网62.WAN 广域网63.MIPS 每秒百万次指令64.RGB 红绿蓝65.WCDMA 宽带码分多址传输技术66.HUB 集线器67.OA 办公自动化68.ODBC 开放数据库连接69.BBS 公告牌系统70.SMTP 简单邮件传输协议71.IIS 信息服务器72.P-P 即插即用73.OO 面向对象74.RIP 路由选择信息协议75.ISDN 综合业务数字网76.IRQ 终端请求77.PPP 点到点协议78.ISA 工业标准结构79.CGI 公共网关接口80.VRML 虚拟现实模型语言81.ICQ 网上寻呼82.CD-ROM光盘驱动器83. EBCDIC 扩展的二进制编码十进制交换码84.ODBC 开放数据库连接。
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缩写说明Metrics:HR Dept.:L.W.D.C: Lost Work Day Case RateQuality Dept.:COQ: Cost of QualityWIR: Wiring Incident ReportFTQ: First Time QualityWFCC: Worldwide Formal Customer Complaint PPM:Pieces per MillionRRPPM: Return & Reject Piece Per Million IPTV: Incident Per Thousand VehiclesEngineering Dept.:C/O: Changeover timeC/T: Cycle TimePDT: Planned DowntimeLT: Lost TimeDT: DowntimeOA: Operational AvailabilityOE: Operational EffectivenessPC&L Dept.:OEM: On time ShipmentsIPM: Incident Per MillionE&O: Excess & ObsoletePRR: Problem Resolving RequestMU: Material UtilizationOthers:Tpct: Total Production Cycle TimeMCR: Material Cost Reduction6SIGMADMAIC: Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, ControlVOC: Voice of CustomerCTQ: Critical to QualitySIPOC: Supplier, Input, Process, Output, CustomerI&CIM: Innovation, & Continuos ImprovementTMAP: Though MapPMAP: Process MapMSE: Measure System EvaluationFMEA: Failure Modes and Effects AnalysisNEM: Numerical Evaluation of MetricsANOVA: Analysis of VarianceDOE : Design of ExperimentsLEAN1.DMS -- Delphi Manufacturing system⏹EEI : Employee Environment & Involvement⏹WPO: Workplace Organization⏹QS: Quality System⏹OA: Operational Availability⏹MM: material movement⏹MSD: Manufacturing System Design2.KMS -- Kaizen Manufacturing system3.OSKKK -- Observation, Standardization, Kaizen, Kaizen, Kaizen ……4.PFP -- People Focus practice5.VSM—Value Stream Mapping6.TPM: Total Production Maintenance7.PMP: Production Maintenance Partnership8.PM: Planned Maintenance9.TPS: Toyota Production System10. SMED: Single Minutes of Exchange Die12. FIFO: First In First Out13. 5S: Clear (Sort), Organize ( Straighten), Clean(Sweep), Maintain (Standardize),Continuous Improvement ( Sustain)14. NWG: Natural Work Group15. WIP: Work In Process16. PFEP: Plant For Every Part17. JIT: Just in Time18. PDCA: Plan – Do – Check – Action19. SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process20. VOC: Voice of Customer21. MSDS: Material Safety Date Sheets22. PDP: Product Development Process23. PTC: Protect The Customer24. APQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning25. SPDP: Supplier Performance Development Process26. QSA: Quality System Assessment27. SPC: Statistic Process Control28. PDAP: Production Part Approval29. DBS: Delphi Business System30. MSA: Measurement System Analysis31. FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis32. TLCC: Total Life Cycle CostEach FunctionHR Dept:HR: Human ResourcePBP: People Business PlanNWG: Natural Work GroupPPI: People Performance IndexMSDS: Material Safety Data SheetsOSHA : Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationIS&S Dept.IS&S: Information System and ServiceIT: Information TechnologyFS: Fourth ShiftMRP: Material Requirement PlanERP: Enterprise Resource PlanSAP: System, Application & ProductsJIT: Just – In – TimeSILS: Supply in Line SequenceOA: Office AutomationISP: Information Security PolicyFIS: An information System Supporting Audi A4 Production in FAW-VW BF: Back FlushOS: Operation SystemIP: Internet ProtocolPC& L:PC& L: Production Control & LogisticE & O: Excess and ObsoletePFEP: Plan For Every PartsTOR: Turn Over RateIPM: Incident Per MillionMPS: Master Production SchedulePO: Purchasing OrderMOQ: Minim Order QualityPPQ: Part Packing QualityL/T: Lead-TimeBOM: Bill of MaterialsWIP: Work In ProcessFIFO: First In First OutDOH: Day On HandPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingI/E DeptI/E: Import & ExportLMC: Logistic Management CompanyP/A: Public AffairsRDC: Regional Distribution CenterC.C : Consolidation CenterCCIB: China Commodity Inspection BranchCD: Customs DutyVAT: Value Added TaxPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingQuality Dept.QC: Quality ControlQSA: Quality System AssessmentDBS: Delphi Business SystemPDP: Product Development ProcessAPQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan PPAP: Production Part ApprovalSPDP: Supplier Performance Development ProcessMSA: Measurement System AnalysisSPC: Statistic Process ControlFMEA: Failure Mode And Effects AnalysisCSE: Customer Support EngineerIP: Improvement PlanDOE : Design of ExperimentsGage R&R : Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process GD&T : Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing PR/R : Problem Resolution and ReportingAE Dept.PDP: Product Development Process--PI: Product Initiation--CD: Concept Direction--CA: Concept Approval--PA: Product ApprovalAE: Application EngineeringOTS: Off- Tool- SamplesSOP: Start of ProductionOS: Start null seriesCKD: Comletely Knocked DownMPI: Muli Point InjectionPDM: Product Description ManualABS: Anti-Blacker- SystemEOP: End of ProductionCES: CATIA Electric SystemGPS: Global Positioning SystemAT: Automatic TransmissionAC: Air ConditionTDI: Turbo direction injectionSDI: Suck Diesel InjectionCAN: Controller Area NetworkSKD: Semi Knocked DownCVT: Continuously Variable TransmissionDUM: Digital Mock UpADP: Delphi Advanced Development ProcessEngineering Dept.M & TD: Machine & Tool DesignPCT: Planned Cycle TimeSWIP: Standard Work In ProcessCAD: Computer Aided DesignCAE: Computer Aided EngineeringCAM: Computer Aided ManufacturingCIP: Continuous Improvement ProcessDFA: Design for AssemblyDFE: Design for EnvironmentDFM: Define for ManufacturabilityDFMEA: Design Failure Mode and Effects AnalysisEBOM: Engineering Bill of MaterialEWO: Engineering Work OrderFM : Flow ManufacturingM-BOM: Manufacturing Bill of MaterialFinance Dept.ICRQ: Internal Control Review QuestionnairesTTM: Total travel managementABC: Analysis based on costFARS: Financial Accounting and Reporting StaffCFPR: Corporate Financial Policy & ReportingD-CAP: Delphi Corporate Accounting PoliciesOthersE/EDS: Electric/Electronic Distribution SystemDCS: Delphi Connection SystemDMS: Delphi Mechtronic SystemOCM: Organizational change ManagementAIAG: Automotive Industries Action GroupAPP: Advance Purchasing ProcessAR: Appropriation RequestASQC: American Society for Quality ControlCAMIP: Continuous Automotive Marketing Information Program CAPPLAN : Capacity Planning SystemCMVSS : Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsCP: Critical PathCPM : Critical Path MethodDD: Design and DevelopmentDV: Design ValidationFEA: Finite Element AnalysisIDR: Interim Design ReviewKCC: Key Control CharacteristicKCDS: Key Characteristic Designation SystemKPC: Key Product CharacteristicMRD: Material Required DateMVSS: Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsP-BOM: Product Bill of MaterialPC: Problem CommunicationPDR: Preliminary Design ReviewPL: Project LaunchPM: Project ManagementPR: Performance ReviewPRR: Production Readiness ReviewPV: Product ValidationPVR: Process Validation ReviewQFD: Quality Function DeploymentQRDP: quality, reliability, durability, and performance RASI: responsibility matrixRC: Requirements and ConceptsRR: Requirements ReviewSORP: Start of Regular ProductionSOW: Statement of WorkTALC: Trim-Appearance-Lighting-ColorTDP: Delphi Technology Development Process TIR: Test Incident ReportTSM: Trade Study MethodologyVSM: Variation Simulation ModelingWBS: Work Breakdown Structure。