广西医科大学神经病学2019年考博真题试卷
《神经病学》期末复习试题6套.docx
温州医学院仁济学院2011-2012学年第一学期2008年级临床医学、麻醉、法医、2009级康复专业《神经病学》试卷（A）一、名词解释（本大题共5题，每题4分，共20分）1、半暗带：2、上运动神经元瘫痪：3、慌张步态：4、Bell 现象:5、鞍区回避：二、选择题（本大题共20题，每题1 5分，共30分）L、引起偏瘫的常见病变部位是：（）A、大脑皮层B、内囊C、脑干D、胸髓E、腰膨大2、周围性面瘫定位诊断正确的是：（）A、橙骨肌支以下面神经损害有听觉过敏B、膝状神经节及其附近面神经损害可出现Hunt综合征C、舌前2/3味觉障碍提示面神经管外鼓索神经病变D、一侧面下部肌肉瘫痪提示病变在皮质脑干束E、茎乳孔以下损害多伴唾液分泌减少3、56岁患者突发脑出血，头痛、呕吐、昏迷，血压200 / 120mmHg,应迅速采取的治疗是（）A、止血B、降血压C、降颅压D、维持生命体征E、防治血管痉挛4、患者60岁，突然不能说话，右侧肢体无力，约5〜6分钟恢复，反复发作，发作后检查无神经系统体征。
首先应考虑的诊断是（）A、局灶性癫痫发作B、脑栓塞C、瘡病发作D、颈内动脉系统TIAE、椎基底动脉系统TIA5、急性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病不常有的表现为：（）A、双侧周围性面瘫B、四肢弛缓性瘫C、腱反射弱D、肌肉萎缩E、胸4以下传导束性痛温觉障碍6、平脐水平皮肤感觉属于以下哪个节段支配：（）A、颈8脊髓节段B、胸4脊髓节段C、胸8脊髓节段D、胸10脊髓节段E、腰2脊髓节段7、下述哪项体征高度提示多发性硬化：（）A、四肢无力及感觉障碍B、视盘水肿C、复视D、核间性眼肌麻痹及旋转性眼球震颤E、头痛、头晕8、A 、B 、C 、C8—TI侧角受损可见Horner征，临床表现包括：（瞳孔小，瞳孔大，瞳孔小，瞳孔小，瞳孔小，眼球内陷,眼球内陷,眼球内陷,眼球突出,眼球内陷,眼裂增大和面部汗少等眼裂小和面部汗少等眼裂小和面部汗少等眼裂增大和面部出汗增多等眼裂增大和面部汗少等9、颅内压增高患者腰穿的主要危险是：（）A、诱发脑疝B、引起脑内出血C、促使肿瘤扩散D、诱发癫痫E、导致脑血管痉挛10、神经传导速度减慢主要反映：（）A、神经轴索损害B、肌原性损害C、周围神经近端病变n、患者58岁，突然右眼失明，左上肢无力，2日后视力略好转，但左侧肢瘫加重。
广西医科大学神经病学2019年考博真题考博试卷
攻 读 博 士 学 位 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 试 卷
医学考博真题试卷
广西医科大学
2019 年攻读博士学位研究生入目：神经病学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。 一、名词解释 1. 古次曼综合征 2. 三叉神经痛 3. 闭锁综合征 4. 贝尔麻痹 5. 血管性痴呆 二、问答题 1. 脊髓亚急性联合变性的表现 2. 帕金森病治疗的常用药物及用药原则 3. 格林巴利综合症的类型及特点 4. 癫痫和癫痫综合征的分类 5. 多发性周围神经病的病因 6. 出血性脑梗死定义、发病机制、常见病因及临床表现
广西医科大学病理生理学2012--2013,2016--2019年考博真题
广西医科大学
2016年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：病理生理学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。 一、名词解释 1.应激原 2.肝性脑病 3.循环性缺氧 4.DIC 5.真性分流 二、简答题 1.钙超载在缺血再灌注损伤的机制。 2.休克初期腹腔及皮肤血管收缩的机制。 3.肺通气血流不足、弥散障碍引起呼吸衰竭的病因和机制，血气变化？ 三、问答题 1.右心衰竭体循环淤血的临床表现和机制。 2.自由基在缺血再灌注损伤的机制。 3.滤过分数？何时升高？如何致水钠潴留？
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广西医科大学
2013年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：病理生理学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。 一、名词解释（共5个）： 1.钙超载 2.尿毒症 3.水中毒 4.混合性酸碱平衡紊乱 5.外源性致热源 二、简答题（共3个小题）： 1.低渗性脱水尿量有何改变？ 2.慢性肾功能衰竭时钾离子有何代谢紊乱？ 3.酸中毒对心泵功能的影响是什么？ 三、论述题（共3个小题）： 1.输入大量库存血所致缺氧与贫血性缺氧机制有何不同。 2.心脏衰竭时机体如何代偿及其代偿的调控机制。 3.DIC血液高凝的机制。
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广西医科大学
2018年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：病理生理学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、名词解释（3分*5题） 1，组织性缺氧 在组织供氧正常的情况下，由各种原因引起的组织利用氧的能力降低所致的缺氧 ，称为组织性缺氧。 2，心源性休克 大面积急性心肌梗死，急性心肌炎，心脏压塞及严重的心律紊乱（房颤或室颤）， 引起的心排血量急剧减少，有效循环血量和灌流量显著下降，称为心源性休克。 3，晶体渗透压 4，脱水热 5，慢性肾功能衰竭
各校神经病学考博试题
B.
交感神经节后纤维
C.
三叉神经运动纤维
D.
三叉神经感觉纤维
E.
副交感神经的节后纤维
四．问答题（每题 5 分，共 15 分）
1.
简述小脑传出投射二次交叉通路及其受损引起的障碍。
2.
简述终纹和丘脑髓纹的联系及意义。
3.
脑干内有哪些纤维交叉？各位在何平面？
五．填出下图各结构名称（每空 0.5 分，共 5 分） 2007 年哈医大神经内科考博真题
2．属于脑干网状结构内侧核群的是（ ）
A. 外侧网状核
B.
小细胞网状核
C.
楔形核
D.
臂旁内、外侧核
E.
巨细胞网状核
3．不参加构成小脑小球的是（ ）
A.
攀缘纤维
B.
苔藓纤维
C.
Golgi 细胞轴突终末
D.
颗粒细胞树突
E.
Golgi 细胞树突
4．到对侧红核小细胞部的小脑传出纤维主要发自（ ）
A.
顶核
B.
A.
海马
B.
齿状回
C.
角回
D.
中央旁小叶
E.
梨状皮质
11．属于听觉传导的纤维是（ ）
A.
锥体交叉
B.
内侧丘系交叉
C.
三叉丘系交叉
D.
外侧丘系交叉
E.
结合臂交叉
12．鼻腔、口腔粘膜感觉属于（ ）
A.
一般躯体感觉
B.
一般内脏感觉
C.
特殊内脏感觉
D.
特殊躯体感觉
E.
一般内脏运动
13．属于中间皮质结构的脑回是（ ）
_____________________ 的 传 入 纤 维 ； 后 者 发 出 的 主 要 传 出 纤 维 有 _____________________ 和
神经病学试题及答案
神经病学试题及答案单选题（每题2.5分，共40题）1.运动性失语的病变在优势半球: （）A.额中回后部B.额上回后部C.额下回后部(正确答案)D.中央前回E.颞下回后部2.脊髓前角病变产生:（）A.节段性痛觉减退B.Horner征C.周围性瘫痪(正确答案)D.中枢性瘫痪E.精细触觉障碍3.闭锁综合征(Locked-in syndrome)是由于病变损害:（）A.双侧大脑半球B.脑干上行网状激活系统C.脑桥基底部(正确答案)D.中脑E-W核E.延髓背外侧4.膝反射的水平在: （）A.L2-4(正确答案)B.L5-S1C.L1-2D.T7-8E.S1-25.右眼直接光反射消失,间接光反射存在提示: （）A.右动眼神经病变B.右视神经病变(正确答案)C.左动眼神经病变D.左视神经病变E.左枕叶6.如有左侧偏瘫,右侧外展神经和面神经瘫痪,病灶应当位于: （）A.右侧内囊B.右侧桥脑(正确答案)C.右侧中脑D.右侧延髓E.左侧桥脑7.病理反射的出现是由于:（）A.神经系统兴奋性增高B.脊髓反射弧受损C.基底节受损D.锥体束受损(正确答案)E.脑干网状结构受损8.Weber偏右,Rinne气导>骨导提示: （）A.右耳神经性耳聋B.左耳神经性耳聋(正确答案)C.左耳传导性耳聋D.右耳传动性耳聋E.听觉中枢病变9.蝶鞍区病变出现: （）A.单眼失明B.同向性偏盲C.象限性盲D.同向性偏盲伴黄斑回避E.双颞侧偏盲(正确答案)10．脊髓休克双下肢或四肢瘫痪时出现: （）A.血压下降B神智模糊C腱反射亢进D肌张力低下,反射消失,尿潴留(正确答案)E全身冷汗11.急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（GBS）的最主要危险是（）A.延髓麻痹B.呼吸麻痹(正确答案)C.乳头水肿D.肺部感染E.心力衰竭12.蛛网膜下腔出血最主要体征是（）A.乳头水肿B.感觉障碍C.颅神经麻痹D.脑膜刺激征(正确答案)E玻璃体下出血13.高血压性脑出血急性期处理的最重要环节是（）A.立即使血压下降至正常以下,防止再出血B.立即使用止血药C.立即使用脱水药控制脑水肿,降低颅内压(正确答案)D.用镇静药,防止癫痫发作E用抗生素,防止继发感染14.女性,35岁,风湿性心脏病15年,心房纤颤1年半.1天前看电视时突然发现右眼失明,左上下肢无力.检查:神志清楚,血压正常,心房纤颤.右眼无光感,左上下肢肌力3级,左Babinski征(＋),左侧半身感觉减退.最可能的诊断是（）A.风湿性脉管炎B.右颈内动脉栓塞(正确答案)C.右大脑后动脉栓塞D.烟雾病E.右底节出血15.急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病(格林一巴利综合征)典型的脑脊液改变是（）A.蛋白-细胞分离(正确答案)B.细胞蛋白均不增高C.细胞蛋白均增高D.葡萄糖降低E.白细胞增高16.女性,62岁,诊断脑血栓形成。
广西医科大学考博真题
广西医科大学考博真题一、选择题1.在细胞分裂的过程中，下列哪个阶段发生了交叉互换？A. 同源染色体分离B. 转录前RNA加工C. 重附着D. 遗传重组正确答案：D解析：遗传重组包括同源染色体的交配（二倍体细胞的减数分裂中）和交换。
答案排除了同源染色体分离（答案A）、转录前RNA 加工（答案B）和重附着（答案C），因此答案为D。
2.抗原的特征不包括哪一个？A. 能导致免疫反应B. 有特异性C. 对致病微生物有保护作用D. 由细菌、病毒等微生物产生正确答案：D解析：抗原是引起免疫反应的物质，具有特异性，能够识别和结合特定的抗原受体，对致病微生物有保护作用。
答案排除了由细菌、病毒等微生物产生（答案D），因此答案为D。
3.抗生素对细胞壁的作用不包括哪一项？A. 拦截底物B. 破坏细胞壁合成C. 抑制酰基载体蛋白D. 阻断跨膜电子传递正确答案：D解析：抗生素对细胞壁的作用主要包括拦截底物、破坏细胞壁合成和抑制酰基载体蛋白，而阻断跨膜电子传递并不是抗生素对细胞壁的作用。
因此答案为D。
二、填空题1.对数值进行描述时，通常需要提供以下几个参数：_______、中间值和_______。
答案：平均值，标准差。
解析：数值描述需要提供平均值和标准差等参数，以便了解数据的中心趋势和离散程度。
2._______是一种可持续的发展战略，旨在通过以人为中心的方法创建有益的商业、环境和社会影响。
答案：企业社会责任。
解析：企业社会责任是指企业在营运过程中关注其对社会与环境的影响，采取绿色环保、公益慈善等行动来回馈社会。
三、论述题1.现代企业管理的最高原则是什么？请谈谈你的看法。
现代企业管理的最高原则是以客户为中心。
企业无论在进行产品设计、生产制造、销售服务等方面，都应该以满足客户需求作为第一目标。
只有满足客户的需求，才能得到客户的信任和支持，并赢得市场优势。
我的看法是，以客户为中心不仅是现代企业管理的最高原则，也是企业生存和发展所必须遵循的原则。
广西医科大学内科学(心内科)2019年考博真题试卷
4.小细胞低色素性贫血包括哪些
5.糖尿病高血糖急性慢性并发症
专业题
心内科:
1.什么是顽固性高血压，原因包括？最新的非药物治疗进展？疗效和风险评估？
2.心源性猝死定义？病因？预防？
广西医科大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
广西医科大学
2019年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：内科学（心内科）
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ方一律不给分。
公共课题：
一、30题单选，涉及各个内科系统的比较典型的疾病
二、简答题:
1.肺结核的化疗选择和阶段
2.UA的治疗原则
神经病学试题库+答案
神经病学试题库+答案一、单选题（共100题，每题1分，共100分）1、周围性面瘫定位诊断正确的是()A、镫骨肌支以下面神经损害有听觉过敏B、膝状神经节及其附近面神经损害可出现 Hunt 综合征C、舌前 2/3 味觉障碍提示面神经管外鼓索神经病变D、一侧面下部肌肉瘫痪提示病变在同侧皮质脑干束E、机茎乳孔以下损害多伴有唾液分泌减少正确答案：B2、单纯部分性发作不包括()A、肌阵挛发作B、精神性发作C、部分感觉性发作D、部分运动性发作E、自主神经性发作正确答案：A3、诊断癫痫的主要依据是A、可靠的病史B、神经系统检查C、脑脊液检查D、脑电图检查E、CT扫描正确答案：A4、患者，男54岁。
急性起病,因左侧肢体无力伴视物成双2天入院。
既往有糖尿病病史3年余，脑梗死病更1年，无明显后遗症。
神经系统检查:神清，右瞳孔扩大，对光反射消失,右眼处于外展位，内收受限，左鼻唇沟变浅，伸舌偏向左侧,左侧肢体肌力3级，肌张力增高，左侧病理征阳性.若该患者出现言语不清，最有可能的是A、Broca失语B、Wernicke失语C、命名性失语D、混合性失语E、构音障碍正确答案：E5、患者，男54岁。
急性起病,因左侧肢体无力伴视物成双2天入院。
既往有糖尿病病史3年余，脑梗死病更1年，无明显后遗症。
神经系统检查:神清，右瞳孔扩大，对光反射消失,右眼处于外展位，内收受限，左鼻唇沟变浅，伸舌偏向左侧,左侧肢体肌力3级，肌张力增高，左侧病理征阳性.该病病变部位应在A、右侧大脑半球B、左侧脑桥C、右侧脑桥D、左侧延髓E、右侧中脑正确答案：E6、病变对侧平面以下的痛觉缺失而深感觉保留,可能为哪 -型感觉障碍A、脊髓半离断型B、后角型C、侧索型D、后索型E、前连合型正确答案：C7、癫痫大发作的停药原则是A、发作完全控制3~5年后可考虑逐渐减量至停用B、发作时用药半年左右,不发作即可停药C、发作完全控制后即可停药D、用药无效时停药E、发作控制后逐步减药,至2年左右全部停用正确答案：A8、关于脊髓半切综合征错误的是()A、对侧浅感觉障碍平面较脊髓受损节段的水平低B、对侧肢体痛温觉消失C、大小便障碍D、同侧深感觉障碍正确答案：C9、该患者的病变部位在()A、基底核B、脑桥 E 枕叶C、中脑D、延髓正确答案：B10、下列属于深反射的是()A、提睾反射B、腹壁反射C、踝反射D、角膜反射E、咽反射正确答案：C11、形态辨认障碍属于()A、物体失认B、图形 -背景区分障碍C、体象障碍D、空间关系障碍E、偏侧忽略正确答案：A12、角膜反射通路不包括下列哪项()A、面神经B、三叉神经中脑核C、三叉神经眼支D、三叉神经感觉主核E、面神经核正确答案：B13、感觉性共济失调最常受损在()A、额叶B、脊髓后索C、脊髓侧索D、小脑E、脊髓丘脑束正确答案：B14、青壮年脑栓塞患者，其栓子来源最多的原因是()A、亚细菌性心内膜炎B、风湿性心脏病伴房颤C、先天性心脏病D、心脏瓣膜手术E、冠心病伴房颤正确答案：B15、患者，30岁，来诊发现双眼视神经萎缩，水平性眼震，讷吃，有意向性震颤。
2019年广西医科大学真题
2019年广西医科大学研究生考试（公共卫生综合试题）
一.选择题
60道
二.名词解释
1.R N I推荐膳食摄入量
2.食物中毒
3.生物地球化学病
4.挥发性盐基总氮
5.B i o m a r k e r o f e f f e c t
6.听谷
7.环境内分泌干扰物
8.C o f o u n d i n g f a c t o r
9.介水传染病
10.领先时间偏移
11.克山病
12.肢段溶骨症
三.问答题
1.常见的营养膳食调查法都有哪些？特点是什么？
2.试叙述糖尿病患者的营养治疗原则？
3.大气颗粒物对健康会产生什么影响？
4.环境流行病学的定义和环境流行病学都常用哪些研究方法？
5.流行病学研究中常用哪些抽样方法？
6.病例对照中会产生哪些偏移？
7.影响矽肺发病因素都有哪些？
8.试叙述一氧化碳中毒和氢化氰中毒为什么都能使皮肤粘膜变粉红色的机制
四.论述题
1.2016年发布的中国膳食指南比2007有什么新内容增加，他们的区别是什么？
2.设计调查，证明某地区水质与癌症发病的关系
3.筛查的串联并联的列表的整理，计算灵敏度，特异度，漏诊率，误诊率，正确指数
4.有机磷农药和拟草虫菊酯类农药和氨基甲酸酯类农药的中毒机制和临床表现和处理原则有哪些异同点。
神经病学试题含答案
一、填空(总分20分,每空1分)１、一般感觉包括________、________、________。
２、头不能向左侧偏以对杭检查者的阻力是________侧________肌瘫痪。
３、左眼不能闭合，示齿时口角向左歪是________侧________性_______瘫。
４、视野检查发现，左眼视野图为○，右眼为○，其视通路病变部位在________侧________。
５、病员说话吐词不清，吞咽困难，伸舌受限，舌肌萎缩，是由于________，________，________等神经损害。
６、右侧胸４至胸１２痛觉消失，触觉存在是由于脊髓________侧________损害。
７、舌前２/３及舌后１/３的味觉分别由________、________神经支配。
８、巴彬斯基(Babinski)氏征是由________损害引起。
９、右耳传导性聋时，韦伯(Weber)试验偏向________侧。
１０、剪刀步态见于________病人。
二、名词解释：（每题４分，共２０分）１、三偏综合征２、交叉性瘫痪３、脊髓休克４、癫痫持续状态５、放射性疼痛三、问答题：（每题１０分，共６０分）１、一般脑脊液化验检查包括哪些内容？写出各项正常值。
２、癫痫发作有哪些类型，治疗大发作及小发作的药物有哪些？３、分别说明原发性三叉神经痛及面神经炎的治疗原则。
４、试述坐骨神经痛的最常见病因，主要的症状及体征，以及主要的保守治疗方法。
５、试述左侧大脑中动脉皮层支（浅支）闭塞时的临床表现。
６、病员男４０岁，因左肋缘疼痛６＋月，左下肢无力Ⅰ月入院。
查体：左肋缘区痛觉减退，右脐以下痛觉减退，左趾部位觉减退，左下肢肌力Ⅱ°，伴肌张力增高，腱反射抗进，左侧Babinski's征(+)。
请讨论定位诊断及进一步检查的方法。
库一标准答案一、填空：１、浅感觉深感觉复合感觉２、右胸锁乳突肌３、右周围性面神经４、左视神经５、舌咽迷走舌下６、右后角７、面神经舌咽神经８、锥体束９、右１０、脊髓或脑性瘫痪二、名词解释１、内囊损害时，出现对侧肢体偏瘫，偏身感觉障碍和双眼同向偏盲，简称三偏综合征，常见于脑血管病时。
广西医科大学病理学博士初试真题汇编(2009-2019)
广西医科大学病理学博士初试真题汇编
（2009-2019）
本文档汇编了广西医科大学病理学博士初试的真题，涵盖了2009年至2019年的内容。
2009年
1. 请简述病理学的定义和分类。
2. 请介绍细胞凋亡的机制及其在疾病中的作用。
3. 请解释肿瘤的概念，并列举常见的肿瘤类型。
4. 请阐述炎症反应的发生机制及其在疾病中的意义。
5. 请简述免疫系统的组成和功能。
2010年
1. 请解释病理学基本术语中的“炎症”和“肿瘤”。
2. 请介绍肾小球疾病的分类及其病理特点。
3. 请简述肝脏病理学中的肝硬化和肝癌。
4. 请解释免疫组化技术在病理学中的应用。
5. 请简述病理学研究的意义和方法。
2011年
1. 请解释病理学基本术语中的“炎症”和“肿瘤”。
2. 请简述细胞凋亡的机制及其在疾病中的作用。
3. 请介绍肝脏病理学中的肝硬化和肝癌。
4. 请解释免疫组化技术在病理学中的应用。
5. 请阐述病理学研究的意义和方法。
......（继续列举2012年至2019年的题目）
请注意，以上题目仅为真题的部分示例，具体内容以实际考试为准。
医学考博2019真题
Listening ：无Vocabulary ：Section A31. According to the Geneva ______no prisoners of war shall be subject to abuse.A. CustomsB. CongressesC. ConventionsD. Routines 32. Environmental officials insist that something be done to ______acid rain.A. curbB. sueC. detoxifyD. condemn33. It is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen______, and itwill not be a long process.A. spontaneouslyB. simultaneouslyC. principallyD. approximately34. Diabetes is one of the most______ and potentially dangerous disease in the world.A. crucialB. virulentC. colossalD. prevalent35. Rheumatologist advises that those with ongoing aches and pains first seek medicalhelp to ______the problem.A. affiliateB. alleviateC. aggravateD. accelerate36. How is it possible that such______ deception has come to take place right underour noses?A. obviousB. significantC. necessaryD. widespread37. Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from______on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.A. configurationB. constitutionC. condemnationD. contamination38. Chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A has been shown to have ______effects onbones.A. adverseB. prevalentC. instantD. purposeful39. Generally, vaccine makers _____ the virus in fertilized chicken eggs in a processthat can take four to six months.A. penetrateB. designateC. generateD. exaggerate40. We are much quicker to respond, and we respond far too quickly by giving ______to our anger.A. ventB. impulseC. temperD. offenceSection B41. The patient's condition has worsened since last night.A. improvedB. returnedC. deterioratedD. changed42. Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at nightwhen it ’s lit up.A. decoratedB. illustratedC. illuminatedD. entertained43. Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problemof traffic congestion.A. amelioratedB. aggregatedC. deterioratedD. duplicated44. The applications of genetic engineering are abundant and choosing oneappropriate for this case can be rather difficult.A. sufficientB. plentifulC. adequateD. countable45. The defect occurs in the first eight weeks of pregnancy, though no one understandswhy.A. deficitB. deviationC. draw backD. discrepancy46. He has been on hormone alternate therapy for four years and looks fantastic.A. successorB. replacementC. surrogateD. choice47. It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number ofindustrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices,and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings.A. ancientB. carefullyC. very largeD. carefully protected48. When patients spend extended periods in hospital, they tend to become overlydependent and lose interest in taking care of themselves.A. extremelyB. exclusivelyC. exactlyD. explicitly49. The anxious parent was vigilant over the injured child in spite of a full array ofemergency room of doctors and nurses.A. preoccupiedB. unwaryC. watchfulD. dozing50. The doctor vacillated so frequently on disease-preventiontechniques that hiscolleagues accused him of inconsistency.A. waveredB. instigatedC. experimentedD. reliedClozeWe spend a lot of time looking at the eyes of others for social 51 —it helpsus understand a person ’emotions, and make decisions about how to respond to them. We also know that adults avoid eye contact when anxious. But researchers have knownfar 52 about eye gazing patterns in children.According to new research by Kalina Michalska, assistant professor of psychologyat the University of California, Riverside, we now, know that anxious children tend toavoid making eye contact, and this has consequences for how they experience fear. The53 and less frequently they look at the eyes of others, the more likely they are to beafraid of them, even when there may be no reason to be. Her study, “Anxiety Sympand Children's Eye Gaze During Fear Leaming”w,as published in the journal TheJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry."Looking at someone ’s eyes helps us understand whether a person is feeling sad, angry, fearful, or surprised. As adults, we then make decisions about how to respondand what to do next. But, we know much less about eye patterns in children —so,understanding those patterns can help us learn more about the development of sociallearning, ”Michalska said.Michalska and the team of researchersshowed 82 children, 9 to 13 years old,images of two women ’s faces on a computer screen. The computer was equipped withan eye tracking device that allowed them to measure54 on the screen children werelooking, and for how long. The participants were originally shown each of the twowomen a total of four times. Next, one of the images was55 with a loud scream anda fearful expression, and the other one was not. At the end, children saw both facesagain without any sound or scream.The following three conclusions can be drawn from the study:1. All children spent more time looking at the eyes of a face that was paired withthe loud scream t han the face that was not paired with the scream, 56 they payattention to potential threats even in the absence of outward cues.2. Children who were more anxious avoided eye contact during all three phases of the experiment, for both kinds of faces. This had consequences for how afraid they wereof the faces.3. The more children avoided eye conta；cthe more afraid they were 57 the faces.The conclusions suggest that children spend more time looking at the eyes of aface when previously paired with something frightening suggesting they pay moreattention to potentially threatening information as a way to learn more about thesituation and plan what to do next.However, anxious children tend to avoid making eye contact, which leads togreater 58 experience. Even though avoiding eye contact may reduce anxiety59 , the study finds that — over time — children may be m i s s6i n0g_ o i m u p t ortantsocial information. This includes that a person may no longer be threatening or scary,and yet the child continues feeling fearful of that person.51. A. environment B. cues C. relations D. answers52. A. less B. more C. enough D. beyond53. A. longer B. more anxious C. shorter D. more54. A. where B. when C. how D. what55. A. followed B. recorded C. paired D. marked56. A. suggest B. suggesting C. suggests D. being suggested57. A. to B. of C.at D. about58. A. fear B. surprise C. sad D. angry59. A. in the long run B. for a long timeC. in the short timeD. in a long time60. A. with B. without C. of D. onReading ComprehensionPassage OneThe British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parentsduring the sensitive “attachment p”e riod from birth to three may scar a child ’s personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby' s work that children shouldnot be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separationit entails, and many people do believe this. It has been argued that an infant under threewho is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.But traditional societies are so different from modem societies that comparisonsbased on just one factor are hard to interpret. Firstly, anthropologists point out that theinsulated love affair between children and parents found in modem societies does notusually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as theNgoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone —far from i Certainty, Bowlby ’s analysis raises the possibilities that early day care had delayedeffects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime15 or 20 years later can only explored by the use of statistics. However, statisticalstudies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the resultswould certainly be complicated and controversial. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children hadproblems with it. Thirdly, in the last decade, t here have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children ’s development.Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effectsdifficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parentsand show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children findthe transition to nursery eas，yand this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experienceand available evidence indicate early care is reasonable for infants.61. According to the passage, the consequence of parental separation________.A. still needs more statistical studiesB. has been found negative is more seriousC. is obviousD. in modem times62. The author thinks that John Bowlby ’s concern___________.A. is relevant and justifiableB. is too strong to RelieveC. is utterly groundlessD. has something that deserve our attention63. What ’s the result of American studies of children in day care in the last decade?A. The children ’s unhappiness and protest was due to the day care the children received.B. The bad effects of parental separation were hard to deal with.C. The effect of day care was not necessarily negative on children ’s development.D. Early care was reasonable for babies since it ’p sracti c ed by so many peoplenowadays.64. According to the passage, which of the following is probably a reason forparents to send their children under three to day care?A. They don ’t know about day care ’s negative effect.B. They are too busy to care fortheir children.C. They want their children to be independent as early as possible.D. They want to facilitate their children to adapt to nursery at the age of about three.65. What ’s the author ’s attitude to people who have drawn the conclusion fromBowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age ofthree?A. He supports most of their belief because Bowlby's proposition is well-grounded.B. He is sympathetic for them, for he thinks they have been misled by Bowlby.C. He doesn't totally agree with them, since the long-term effect of day care still needsfurther study.D. He doesn't quite understand them, as they are contradictory in themselves.Passage TwoBy the end of this century, the average world temperature is expected to increasebetween one and four degrees, with widespread effects on rainfall, sea levels and animalhabitats. But in the Arctic, where the effects of climate change are most intense, the risein temperature could be twice as much.Understanding how Arctic warming will affect the people, animals, plant andmarine life and economic activity in Canada’N sort h are important to the country's future, says Kent Moore, an atmospheric physicist at University of Toronto Mississaugawho is participating in a long-term, international study of the marine ecosystem alongthe Beaufort Sea, from Alaska to the Mackenzie delta.The study will add to our knowledge of everything from the extent of sea ice inthe region to how fish stocks will change to which areas could become targets for oiland gas exploration to the impact on the indigenous people who call this part of thecountry home.Moore, who has worked in the Arctic for more than 20 years, says his research hasalready found that thinning sea ice and changes in wind patterns are causing animportant change in the marine food chain: phytoplankton（淳游植物） is blooming two to three weeks earlier. Manyanimals time their annual migration to the Arctic forwhen food is plentiful, and have not adapted to the earlier bloom. " ' Animals' behaviorcan evolve over a long time, but these climate changes are happening in the space of adecade, r ather than hundreds of years, ”says Moore, " Animals can't change theirbehavior that quickly. ”A warmer Arctic is expected to have important effects on human activity in theregion, as the Northwest Passage becomes navigable during the summer, and resourceextraction becomes more feasible. Information gained from the study will helpgovernment, industry and communities make decisions about resource management,economic development and environmental protection.Moore says the study — which involves Canadian, American and Europeanresearchersand government agencies will also use a novel technology to gatheratmospheric data: remotely piloted drones. "The drones have the capability of a largeresearch aircraft，and they ’re easier to deploy, ” he says, showing the researchers to gather information on a more regular basis than they would be able to with pilotedaircraft.66. By the end of this century, according to the author, global warming will ______.A. start to bring about extreme weather events to humans and animalsB. increase the average world temperature by four degreesC. cause more damages to the whole world than expectedD. affect the Arctic more than any other parts of the earth67. To help understand the destructive mechanism of Arctic warming, as indicatedby the passage, the international study ______.A. is conducted with every single discipline of University of TorontoB. pioneers in pursuing the widespread effects of climate changeC. involves so many countries for different investigationsD. is intended to deal with various aspects in research68. When he ways, “Animals can ’t change their behavior that quickly, ”what doesMoore mean by that quickly?A. The migration of the animals to the Arctic.B. The widespread effects of global warming.C. The rate of the climate change in the Arctic.D. The phytoplankton within the marine ecosystem.69. According to the author, to carry out proper human activities in theArctic______.A. becomes more difficult than ever beforeB. is likely to build a novel economy in the regionC. will surely lower the average world temperatureD. needs the research-based supporting information70. With the drones deployed, as Moore predicts, the researchers will _______.A. involve more collaborating countries than they do nowB. get more data to be required for their researchC. use more novel technologies in researchD. conduct their research at a regular basisPassage ThreeHaving too much caffeine during pregnancy may impair baby ’s liver development and increase the risk of liver disease in adulthood, according to a study published in theJournal of Endocrinology. Pregnant rats given caffeine had offspring with lower birth weights, altered growth and stress hormonelevels and impaired liver development. Thestudy findings indicate that consumption of caffeine equivalent to 2-3 cups of coffee may alter stress and growth hormone levels in a manner that can impair growth and development, and increase the risk of liver disease in adulthood.Previous studies have indicated that prenatal caffeine intake of 300 mg/day ormore in women, which is approximately 2 to 3 cups coffee per day, can result in lower birth weights of their children. Animalstudies have further suggestedthat prenatalcaffeine consumption may have more detrimental long-term effects on liverdevelopment with an increased susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, adebilitating condition normally associated w ith obesity and diabetes. However, theunderlying link between prenatal caffeine exposure and impaired liver developmentremains poorly understood. A better understanding of how caffeine mediates theseeffects could help prevent these health issues in people in the future.In this study, Prof Hui Wang and colleagues at Wuhan University in China,investigated the effects of low (equivalent to 2-3 cups of coffee) and high dose(equivalent of 6-9 cups of coffee) caffeine, given to pregnant rats, on liver function andhormone levels of their offspring. Offspring exposed to prenatal caffeine had lower levels of the liver hormone, insulin likegrowth factor (IGF-1), and higher levels of thestress hormone, corticosteroid at birth. However, liver development after birth showed a compensatory 'catch up' phase, characterised by increased levels of IGF-1, which is important for growth.Dr. Yinxian Wen, study co-author, says, “Our results indicate that prenatal caffeine causes an excess of stress hormone activity in the mother, which inhibits IGF-1 activityfor liver development before birth. However, compensatory mechanisms do occur after birth to accelerate growth and restore normalliver function, as IGF-1 activity increasesand stress hormone signalling decreases. The increased risk of fatty liver disease causedby prenatal caffeine exposure is most likely a consequence of this enhanced,compensatory postnatal IGF-1 activity. ”These findings not only confirm that prenatal caffeine exposure leads to lowerbirth weight and impaired liver development before birth but also expand our currentunderstanding of the hormonal changes underlying these changes and suggest thepotential mechanism for increased risk of liver disease in the future. However, theseanimal findings need to be confirmed in humans.Dr. Wen comments, "Our work suggeststhat prenatal caffeine is not good for babies and although these findingsstill need to be confirmed in people, I wouldrecommend that women avoid caffeine during pregnancy."71. Which of the following is NOT the problem of baby rats of pregnant rats givencaffeine?A. Lower birth weight.B. Smaller stress.C. Liver development problem.D. Growth problem.72. If a pregnant woman takes 3 cups of coffee, what will probably happen?A. Her weight will get lower and lower.B. The weight of her baby will get lower and lower.C. She will suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a long run.D. Her baby will be more vulnerable to obesity and diabetes because of liver problem.73. Which of following is not correct according to the passage?A. A better understanding of the relationship between caffeine and effects has beenachieved.B. 4-5 cups of coffee could be categorized as medium-dose intake.C. Liver development problem may be remedied after birth by increased growth factor.D. The study is mainly conducted on the rats instead of human.74. What is the relationship between stress hormone and liver development whentaking in prenatal caffeine?A. Lower stress hormone, lower birth weight before birth.B. Higher stress hormone, lower growth hormone before birth.C. Higher stress hormone, more accelerated growth of weight after birth.D. Lower stress hormone, less accelerated growth of liver after birth.75. What can be the best summary of the last paragraph?A. The research hasn ’t been done on humans so pregnant women can ignore the results.B. The compensatory mechanism for liver growth makes prenatal caffeine intake safe.C. Experts suggest pregnant women should still avoid caffeine.D. We have known enough about the hormone changes underlying the healthPassage FourThe bizarre antics of sleepwalkers have puzzled police, perplexed scientists, and fascinated writers for centuries. There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers.Persons have been said to climb on steep roofs, solve mathematical problems, composemusic, walk through plate-glass windows, and commit murder in their sleepHow many of these stories have a basis in fact, and how many are pure fakery?No one knows, but if some of the most sensational stories should be taken with a barrelof salt, others are a matter of record.In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen combed a waterfrontneighborhood for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours lateron a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there.There is an early medical record of a somnambulist who wrote a novel in his sleep.And the great French writer V oltaire knew a sleepwalker who once got out of bed,dressed himself, made a polite bow, danced a minuet, and then undressed and went backto bed.At the University of Iowa, a student was reported to have the habit of getting upin the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the Iowa River. He would take a swim and then go back tohis room to bed.The world's champion sleepwalker was supposed to have been an Indian, PanditRamrakha, who walked sixteen miles along a dangerous road without realizing that hehad left his bed. Second in line for the title is probably either a Vienna housewife or a British farmer. The woman did all her shopping on busy streets in her sleep. The farmer,in his sleep, visited a veterinarian miles away.The leading expert on sleep in America claims that he has never seen a sleepwalker.He is Dr. Nathaniel Kleitman, a physiologist at the University of Chicago. He is said toknow more about sleep than any other living man, and during the last thirty-five yearshad lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. Says he, "Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers becauseI have read about them in the newspapers. B ut none of mysleepers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, Idoubt that I'd get many takers."Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality. Like hypnosis, it is one of thosedramatic, eerie, awe-inspiring phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic. Itlends itself to controversy and misconceptions, what is certain about sleepwalking isthat it is a symptom of emotional disturbance, and that the only way to cure it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it. Doctors say that somnambulism is muchmore common than is generally supposed.Some have estimated that there are fourmillion somnambulists in the United States. Others set the figure even higher. Manysleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, which means that anaccurate count can never be made.The simplest explanation of sleepwalking is that it is the acting out of a vividdream. The dream usually comes from guilt, worry, nervousness, o r some otheremotional conflict. The classic sleepwalker is Shakespeare ’L asdy Macbeth. Hernightly wanderings were caused by her guilty conscience at having committed murder. Shakespeare said of her, “The eyes are open but their sense is shut. ”The age-old question is: Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep. Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half. Like Lady Macbeth, he has weightyproblems on his mind. Dr. Zeida Teplitz, who made a ten-year study of the subject, says, “Some people stay awake all night worrying about t heir problems. The sleepwalker thrashes them out in his sleep. He is awake in the muscular area, partially asleep in the sensory area." In other words, a person can walk in his sleep, move around, and do other things, but he does not think about what he is doing.76. The second sentence in the second paragraph means that_________.A. no one knows, but certainly all the sleep walking stories have something incredibleB. the sleepwalking stories are like salt adding flavor to people ’s lifeC. sleepwalking stories that are most fantastic should be sorted out from ordinary storiesD. the most fantastic sleepwalking stories may be just fictions, yet there are stilltruthfully recorded stories77. ________was supposed to be the world's champion sleepwalker.A. The student habitually walked to the Iowa River and swam in his sleepB. The man danced a minuet in his sleepC. The man walker sixteen miles along a dangerous roadD. The boy walked five hours in his sleep78. Sleepwalking is the result of ______ according to the passage.A. emotional disorderB. a vivid dreamC. lack of sleep and great anxietyD. insanity79. Dr. Zeida Teplitz seemed to_________.A. agree that sleepwalking sometimes leads to dangerous actsB. conclude that sleepwalkers are awake in their sensory areaC. disagree with the belief that sleep walkers are immune to injuryD. think that sleepwalking can turn into madness80. The writer makes it obvious that_________.A. sleepwalkers are often awakened by dangersB. most sleepwalkers can find ways to avoid self-injuryC. it is important to find out the underlying cause of sleepwalkingD. sleepwalking is actually a kind of hypnosisPassage FiveBeyond the basic animal instincts to seek food and avoid pain, Freud identifiedtwo sources of psychic energy, which he called "drives ”: aggression and libido. The keto his theory is that these were unconscious drives, shaping our behavior without themediation of our waking minds; they surface, heavily disguised, only in our dreams.The work of the past half-century in psychology and neuroscience has been to downplaythe role of unconscious universal drives, focusing instead on rational processesinconscious life. But researchers have found evidence that Freud s drives really do exist,and they have their roots in the limbic system, a primitive part of the brain that operatesmostly below the horizon of consciousness.Now more commonly referred to as emotions, the modem suite of drives comprises five: rage, panic, separation distress,lust and a variation on libido sometimes called seeking.The seeking drive is proving a particularly fruitful subject for researchers.Although like the others it originates in the limbic system, it also involves parts of theforebrain, the seat of higher mental functions. In the 1980s, Jaak Panksepp, aneurobiologist at Bowling Green State University in Ohio, became interested in a placenear the cortex known as the ventraltegmental area, which in humans lies just abovethe hairline. When Panksepp stimulated the corresponding region in a mouse, theanimal would sniff the air and walk around, as though it were looking for something.Was it hungry? No. The mouse would walk right by a plate of food, or for that matterany other object Panksepp could think of. This brain tissue seemed to cause a generaldesire for something new. “What I was seeing, ” he says, “was the urge to do stuff.Panksepp called this seeking.To neuropsychologist Mark Solms of University College in London, that soundsvery much like libido. “Freud needed some sort of general, appetitive desire to seekpleasure in the world of objects, ” says Solms. "Panksepp discovered as a neuroscientist what Freud discovered psychologically. ” Solms studied the same region of the brain forhis work on dreams. Since the 1970s, neurologists have known that dreaming takesplace during a particular form of sleep known as REM — rapid eye movement — whichis associated with a primitive part of the brain known as the pons. Accordingly, they regarded dreaming as a low-level phenomenon of no great psychological interest. WhenSolms looked into it, though, it turned out that the key structure involved in dreaming was actually the ventral tegmental, the same structure that Panksepp had identified as the seat of the “”s e e m k i o n t g i o n. Dreams, it seemed, originate with the libid—o which is just what Freud had believed.Freud's psychological map may have been flawed in many ways, but it alsohappensto be the most coherent and, from the standpoint of individual experience,meaningful theory of the mind. “Freud should be placed in the same category as Darwin,who lived before the discovery of genes, ” says Panksepp. “Freud gave us a vision ofmental apparatus. We need to talk about it, develop it, test it. ” Perhaps it ’sof proving Freud wrong or right, but of finishing the job.。
神经病学试题合集+答案(临床)
神经病学测试题及答案(1)单项选择题（每题1分，共128题）1、一侧三叉神经脊束核的病损表现为【B】A、同侧面部痛温，触觉均障碍B、同侧面部呈现洋葱皮样分布的分离性痛温觉障碍C、同侧面部呈洋葱皮样分布的痛温觉及触觉障碍D、对侧面部呈洋葱皮样分布的痛温觉及触觉障碍E、咀嚼无力，下颌反射消失，张口时下颌向同侧偏斜2、下列哪项不符合延髓麻痹的诊断【D】A、真性延髓麻痹主要系指舌咽迷走神经麻痹B、假性延髓麻痹为双侧皮质脑干束受损所致C、真性及假性延髓麻痹均出现饮水反呛、吞咽困难及构音障碍D、假性延髓麻痹时咽反射消失E、真性延髓麻痹时可有舌肌瘫痪舌肌萎缩肌束颤动3、右三叉神经病损表现为【A】A、右面部痛温觉障碍，张口下颌偏向右侧B、右面部痛温觉障碍，张口下颌偏向左侧C、右面部痛温觉障碍，右闭目不能D、右面部痛温觉障碍，左闭目不能E、左面部痛温觉障碍，张口下颌偏向右侧4、两足并拢站立闭目，此项检查为【B】A、Laseque征B、Romberg征C、Kernig征D、Hoffmann征E、Babinski征5、同向性偏盲病损位于【C】A、同侧视神经B、视交叉C、对侧视束D、对侧颞叶视辐射E、对侧顶叶视辐射6、下列哪项不符合一侧动眼神经麻痹【D】A、上脸下垂，眼球不能向上、下和内侧转动B、眼球向上、内、向下注视时出现复视C、眼球向外呈外下方斜视D、瞳孔散大，光反射消失，调节反射存在E、瞳孔散大，光反射及调节反射均消失7、滑车神经受损时眼球出现向哪一方向的运动障碍【B】A、向外上B、向外下C、向内上D、向内下E、以上均不是8、霍纳综合征由下列哪种病因引起【A】A、眼交感神经麻痹B、眼交感神经兴奋C、眼副交感神经麻痹D、眼副交感神经兴奋E、动眼神经麻痹9、可引起眼裂变小的病征有【A】A、Horner征B、动眼神经麻痹C、面神经麻痹D、展神经麻痹E、滑车神经麻痹10、Horner征表现不正确是【E】A、瞳孔缩小B、眼睑膜充血及面部无汗C、眼裂狭小D、眼球内陷E、瞳孔对光反应消失11、舌咽迷走神经麻痹的临床表现不包括【E】A、吞咽困难，饮水呛咳B、说话声音带鼻音C、患侧软腭活动受限D、患侧咽反射消失E、舌前2.3味觉消失12、周围性舌下神经麻痹的症状不包括【B】A、一侧麻痹，伸舌时舌尖偏向麻痹侧B、一侧麻痹伸舌时舌尖偏向麻痹对侧C、两侧麻痹，伸舌时受限或不能D、舌肌萎缩及伴有肌束震颤E、电检查有变性的反应13、卧位腰椎穿刺，脑脊液压力正常值是【B】A、50～70mmH2O（0.49～0.69kPa）B、80～180mmH2O（0.78～1.76kPa）C、190～220mmH2O（1.86～2.16kPa）D、230～250mmH2O（2.25～2.45kPa）E、260～280mmH2O（2.55～2.74kPa）14、压颈试验旨在检查【C】A、小脑病变B、大脑病变C、脊髓疾病有无椎管阻塞D、周围神经疾病E、脑干疾病15、下列哪项正确【A】A、右三叉神经损害时张口下颌向右偏斜B、右面神经损害时露齿口角偏向右侧C、右舌下神经损害时舌尖左偏D、右展神经损害右眼球向内活动受限E、右视神经损害时右瞳孔缩小16、下运动神经元瘫痪的特点是【D】A、痉挛性瘫B、肌张力增高C、出现病理反射D、弛缓性瘫E、腱反射亢进17、锥体系统病损最确切的体征是【E】A、显著的肌萎缩B、肌束震颤C、肌张力增高D、肌张力减低E、Babinski征（）18、锥体束损害的反射改变【C】A、深浅反射均亢进B、深浅反射均减弱或消失C、深反射亢进，浅反射减弱或消失D、深反射亢进，浅反射正常E、深反射减弱或消失，浅反射正常19、鉴别中枢性与周围性瘫痪最有意义的体征是【E】A、瘫痪程度分级及范围大小B、有无肌肉萎缩C、肌张力增高或减低D、腱反射亢进或消失E、有无病理反射20、锥体系统是指【A】A、上运动神经元B、下运动神经元C、小脑皮层细胞D、脊髓巨角细胞E、上及下运动神经元21、上运动神经元瘫痪肌张力改变的特点通常是【A】A、上肢屈肌张力高，下肢伸肌张力高B、上肢伸肌张力高，下肢屈肌张力高C、上下肢均为屈肌张力高D、上下肢均为伸肌张力高E、上下肢屈伸肌张力均高22、检查肌张力时，患者必须【E】A、意识清醒B、无肌肉瘫痪C、无肌肉萎缩D、无肌束震颤E、肌肉放松23、锥体束病损时肌张力改变为【A】A、痉挛性折刀样肌张力增高B、强直性铅管样肌张力增高C、强直性齿轮样肌张力增高D、肌张力减低［学慧教育网搜集整理］E、去脑强直或去皮层强直24、Babinski征（）提示【D】A、病损必在大脑皮层B、病损必在内囊C、病损必在脊髓D、皮质脊髓束损害E、皮质脑干束损害25、Babinski征典型表现为【A】A、拇趾背屈，其他各趾向外呈扇形展开B、拇趾跖屈，其他各趾向外扇形分开C、仅拇趾背屈D、五趾均背屈E、五趾均跖屈26、下列哪项为锥体束损害的体征【E】A、Kernig征B、Lasegue征C、Romberg征D、Brudzinski征E、Babinski征27、病理反射的发生系因【D】A、脊髓反射的弧受损B、神经系统兴奋性普遍增高C、基底节受损D、锥体束受损E、脑干网状结构受损28、导致腱反射亢进的病损部位为【D】A、脊神经后根B、脊髓前角C、脊髓后索D、锥体束E、锥体外系29、哪项可能不是脊髓病变引起的瘫痪【E】A、四肢上运动神经元性瘫痪B、双下肢上运动神经元性瘫痪C、双上肢下运动神经元性瘫痪，双下肢上运动神经元性瘫痪D、一侧上下肢上运动神经元性瘫痪E、一侧上肢上运动神经元性瘫痪30、肌束震颤损害部位在【B】A、上运动神经元B、下运动神经元C、神经肌肉接头D、肌肉E、锥体外系统31、周围性瘫痪的肌张力改变特点【C】A、折刀样增高B、铅管样增高C、肌张力减低D、齿轮样增高E、肌张力时高时低32、下列哪项不是下运动神经元【E】A、脊髓前角细胞B、前根C、神经丛D、周围神经系统E、皮质脑干束33、大脑皮质运动区病变的瘫痪多表现【A】A、单瘫或不均等偏瘫B、完全性均等性偏瘫C、交叉性瘫D、四肢瘫E、截瘫34、导致中枢性偏瘫包括同侧中枢性面，舌瘫的病损部位【E】A、脊髓B、脑干C、小脑D、丘脑E、内囊35、脑干病损时瘫痪的特点【D】A、完全性均等性偏瘫B、单瘫C、截瘫D、交叉性瘫E、伴明显肌肉萎缩36、Weber综合征的病损部位【E】A、中央前回B、皮质脊髓束C、桥脑D、延髓E、中脑37、Millard-Gubler综合征的表现不包括【E】A、本侧展神经瘫痪B、本侧面神经瘫痪C、对侧舌下神经瘫痪D、对侧上下肢上单位瘫E、眼球侧视运动障碍38、运动系统不包括【B】A、下运动神经元B、丘脑C、上运动神经元D、锥体外系统E、小脑系统39、脊髓颈膨大横贯性损害引起【B】A、四肢中枢性瘫B、双上肢周围性瘫，双下肢中枢性瘫C、截瘫D、单瘫E、偏瘫40、胸髓横贯性损害引起【A】A、双下肢中枢性瘫B、双下肢周围性瘫［医学教育网搜集整理］C、一侧下肢周围性瘫D、四肢瘫E、偏瘫41、脊髓前角细胞病损的瘫痪特点【C】A、单瘫B、节段型分布的弛缓性瘫，伴感觉障碍C、节段型分布的弛缓性瘫，不伴感觉障碍D、四肢远端肌肉瘫痪E、截瘫42、双侧旁中央小叶及其附近中央前后回受损引起【E】A、下肢感觉障碍B、下肢瘫痪C、面舌及上肢感觉障碍D、面舌及上肢瘫痪E、痉挛性截瘫，传导束性感觉障碍及尿潴留43、痉挛性偏瘫步态【D】A、跨阈步态B、醉汉步态C、慌张步态D、划圈样步态E、剪刀样步态44、当C5～T2脊髓前联合受损时可出现【B】A、双上肢深浅感觉均减退或消失B、双上肢痛温觉减退或缺失，但触觉及深感觉保留C、双上肢及上胸部痛温觉减退，但触觉深感觉保留D、双上肢痛温觉及触觉缺失，但深感觉保留E、双上肢深感觉缺失，但触觉及痛温觉保留45、脊髓病所致音叉振动觉及位臵觉缺失的病变部位在【E】A、前庭脊髓束B、红核脊髓束C、脊髓小脑束D、脊髓小脑束E、薄束与楔束46、一侧节段性分离感觉障碍即痛温觉障碍而触觉及深感觉保留，病变部位在【C】A、同侧脊神经节B、同侧脊髓后根C、同侧脊髓后角D、同侧脊髓丘脑束E、对侧脊髓丘脑束47、脊髓横贯性损害引起感觉障碍的特点是【B】A、形状不规则的条块状感觉障碍B、受损节段平面以下双侧深浅感觉缺失C、受损节段平面以下双侧痛温觉缺失并伴自发性疼痛D、受损节段平面以下双侧感觉异常和感觉过敏E、受损节段平面以下痛温觉缺失而触觉及深感觉保留48、交叉性感觉障碍的病变水平位于【D】A、中脑上丘B、中脑下丘C、桥脑D、延髓E、颈髓49、一侧面部及对侧躯体痛温觉缺失的病损部位在【D】A、中脑背盖部B、桥脑背盖部C、桥脑基底部D、延髓背外侧部E、延髓基底部50、病变对侧偏身深浅感觉障碍，伴自发性疼痛及感觉过敏，其病变部在【C】A、顶叶感觉皮层，B、内囊或基底节区C、丘脑D、中脑E、桥脑51、内囊受损的感觉障碍特点【B】A、对侧单肢感觉减退或缺失B、对侧偏身（包括面部）感觉减退或消失C、对侧偏身（包括面部）感觉减退消失伴有自发性疼痛D、对侧偏身（包括面部）感觉减退或消失伴感觉过度E、交叉性感觉减退或缺失52、肱二头肌反射中枢在【C】A、C3～4B、C4～5C、C5～6D、C7～8E、C8～T153、膝腱反射中枢在【C】A、T12～L2B、L1～3C、L2～4D、L3～5E、L5～S254、下列对感觉障碍判断哪项不正确【D】A、周围神经末梢性损害可出现四肢远端对称性手套袜套型深浅感觉障碍B、脊髓半侧损害可出现病变平面以下的同侧深感觉障碍，对侧痛温觉障碍C、延髓外侧病损可出现同侧面部及对侧躯体的变叉性感觉障碍D、丘脑病损可引起同侧偏身感觉减退或缺失，深感觉障碍重于浅感觉E、皮层性感觉障碍主要表现为实体觉，两点辨别觉等复合感觉障碍55、下列哪项不符合对感觉障碍的判断【C】A、感觉径路刺激性病变可引起疼痛，感觉过敏和感觉异常B、感觉径路的破坏性病变可引起减退或感觉消失C、过度刺激性病变可引起感觉过度，表现有潜伏期及后作用D、牵涉性疼痛系指内脏病变时出现相应皮肤节段区疼痛，及感觉过敏E、放射性疼痛系指疼痛可扩散到受累的感觉神经的支配区56、右侧周围性舌下神经麻痹表现【E】A、伸舌时舌尖偏向左侧，伴有左侧舌肌萎缩B、伸舌时舌尖偏向右侧，伴有右侧舌肌萎缩C、伸舌时舌尖偏向右侧，无右侧舌肌萎缩D、伸舌时舌尖偏向右侧伴有左侧舌肌萎缩及肌束颤动E、伸舌时舌尖偏向右侧，伴有右侧舌肌萎缩及肌束颤动57、诊断浅昏迷最有价值的体征是【A】A、对呼叫无反应B、对疼痛刺激无反应C、眼球浮动D、角膜反射消失E、Bahinski征（）58、用针划过患者足部外踝处，出现拇趾背屈此反射为【D】A、Babinski征B、Oppenheim征C、Gordon征D、Chaddock征E、Schaeffer征59、患性，60岁，走路时双脚有踩棉花感，睁眼站立稍不稳，Romber征极明显，双下肢音叉振动觉缺失，病变为【D】A、小脑B、脊髓后索C、脊髓侧索D、脊髓后角E、大脑额叶60、男性32岁，双下肢无力3个月，查体双上肢正常，又下肢肌力3级，肌张力高，跟膝腱反射亢进，病理反射（），其病变部位可能是【A】A、胸髓B、腰膨大C、颈膨大D、高颈髓E、脊髓前角细胞61、患者突然出现右口角抽搐，后出现右侧上肢，下肢抽动，继而出现四肢抽搐，其病变部位是【A】A、左侧中央前回下部B、左侧中央前回上部C、右侧中央前回上部D、右侧中央前回下部E、右侧中央后回62、患者右侧肢体无力一年余，查体右上肢下运动神经元瘫，肌力4级，右下肢上运动神经元瘫，肌力3级，其病变部位为【E】A、左上胸髓部B、右上胸髓部C、双侧颈膨大部D、左侧颈膨大部E、右侧颈膨大部63、男性，60岁，糖尿病多年，渐出现双手双足麻木，发凉，查体双手双足远端痛觉减退，四肢远端肌力4级，近端力正常其病变部位为【C】A、神经根B、神经丛C、末梢神经D、脊髓E、脑干神经病学测试题及答案(2)1、特发性面神经麻痹不应有的症状是【E】A、额纹消失B、Bell（贝尔）现象C、耳后或下颌角后疼痛D、舌前2.3味觉障碍E、外耳道或鼓膜出现疼痛疱疹2、重症肌无力的主要病理生理机制是【D】A、乙酰胆碱释放量增多B、乙酰胆碱释放量减少C、乙酰胆碱受体数目增多D、乙酰胆碱受体数目减少E、乙酰胆碱抗体数目减少3、患者右侧额纹消失，右侧眼睑不能闭合，右侧鼻唇沟变浅，露齿时口角偏向左侧，可能是【C】A、右侧中枢性面神经麻痹B、左侧中枢性面神经麻痹C、右侧周围性面神经麻痹D、左侧周围性面神经麻痹E、双侧周围性面神经麻痹4、右三叉神经病损表现为【A】A、右面部痛温觉障碍，张口下颌偏向右侧B、右面部痛温觉障碍，张口下颌偏向左C、右面部痛温觉障碍，右闭目不能D、右面部痛温觉障碍，左闭目不能E、左面部痛温觉障碍，张口下颌偏向右侧5、对发作频繁，每月发作2次者用【D】A、非类固醇消炎痛药物B、发作早期给麦角胺咖啡因C、5-羟色胺受体激动剂D、心得安、苯噻啶等药物E、皮质类固醇6、患者自诉看不见左侧物体，查体双眼左侧视野同向偏盲，对光反射消失，其病损部位在【B】A、左侧视束B、右侧视束C、视交叉D、左侧视辐射E、右侧视辐射7、脑干病损时瘫痪的特点【D】A、完全性均等性偏瘫B、单瘫C、截瘫D、交叉性瘫E、伴明显肌肉萎缩8、特发性大发作首选【A】A、丙戊酸钠B、卡马西平C、乙琥胺D、苯妥英钠E、ACTH9、震颤麻痹【E】A、用抑制胆碱能活性药物B、不宜用抑制胆碱能活性药物和增强多巴胺活性的药物C、用增强多巴胺活性的药物D、用丙戊酸钠或卡马西平E、用抑制胆碱能活性药物和增强多巴胺活性的药物10、猝倒发作【A】A、椎基底动脉系统T1AB、颈内动脉血栓形成C、大脑前动脉血栓形成D、大脑中动脉血栓形成E、大脑后动脉血栓形成11、54岁女性，脑动脉硬化症病史3年，突感眩晕、呕吐、言语不清。
神经内科考博试题及答案
神经内科考博试题及答案神经内科是医学中研究神经系统疾病的领域，涉及诊断和治疗多种神经系统疾病。
如果你正准备考博，以下是一些关于神经内科的常见考题及答案，希望能对你的考试备考有所帮助。
1. 什么是帕金森病？请简要描述其临床表现和病因。
答：帕金森病是一种进行性神经系统疾病，其主要特征包括肌肉僵硬、震颤和运动不协调。
常见症状包括手部震颤、姿势僵直、步态异常和面部表情缺失。
帕金森病的病因尚不完全清楚，但可能与遗传因素、环境因素和神经递质的异常有关。
2. 什么是脑卒中？请简要描述其类型和常见症状。
答：脑卒中是一种突发性的脑血管疾病，常见类型包括缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中。
缺血性脑卒中是由于脑周围血管的堵塞而导致的，而出血性脑卒中是由于脑血管破裂导致脑内出血。
常见症状包括突发的面瘫、肢体无力、言语困难和意识障碍。
3. 什么是阿尔茨海默病？请简要描述其临床表现和治疗方法。
答：阿尔茨海默病是一种慢性进行性神经系统疾病，主要表现为记忆力减退、认知障碍和行为改变等。
阿尔茨海默病的确切病因不明，但与神经元损伤和β-淀粉样蛋白在脑内沉积有关。
治疗方法包括药物治疗、康复训练和支持性疗法等。
4. 什么是癫痫？请简要描述其发作类型和治疗方法。
答：癫痫是一种慢性神经系统疾病，其主要特征是反复发作的癫痫发作。
常见的癫痫发作类型包括全身强直-阵挛性发作、部分性发作和失神发作等。
癫痫的治疗方法主要包括药物治疗、手术治疗和生活方式管理。
5. 什么是多发性硬化症？请简要描述其临床表现和诊断方法。
答：多发性硬化症是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特点是神经系统多发性病变。
临床表现包括肢体无力、感觉异常、平衡困难和视力问题等。
诊断多发性硬化症主要依靠临床症状、神经影像学检查和脑脊液分析等。
以上是关于神经内科常见疾病的考博试题及答案。
希望这些内容对你的备考有所帮助。
在准备考试时，建议你结合相关教材和参考资料进行更深入的学习和理解，以便更好地应对考试。
祝你考试顺利！。
神经病学试题(附参考答案)
神经病学试题（附参考答案）一、单选题（共98题，每题1分，共98分）1.特发性面神经麻痹症状、体征的哪项表述不正确A、Bell征(+)B、多为单侧病变C、可伴耳后疼痛D、可伴患侧咀嚼肌无力E、可伴患侧舌前2/3味觉障碍正确答案：D2.24岁男性患者。
发热,咳嗽7天,四肢无力一天入院。
体检:四肢近端肌力1级,远端2级,感觉正常,小便正常。
脑脊液检查:白细胞8×10/L,蛋白0.25克/L,血钾3.5mmol/L。
此患者最可能的诊断是:A、急性脊髓炎B、全身型重症肌无力C、急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病D、周期性瘫痪E、急性脊髓灰质炎正确答案：C3.Hunt综合征的临床表现不包括A、舌前2/3味觉丧失B、听觉过敏C、面部感觉障碍D、耳廓疱疹E、外耳道疱疹正确答案：C4.45岁女性有双手间歇性刺痛史一年,该症状一天内发作几次,特别是早晨醒来时和长时间家务劳动后加重,既往无特殊,体检:肌力,感觉和腱反射均正常,最可能的诊断为:A、腕管综合征B、多发性周围神经病C、颈神经根病D、多发性硬化E、短暂性脑缺血发作正确答案：A5.9岁女孩,右眼外展不能,左侧上下肢中枢性瘫痪,病变部位在A、左延髓B、右桥脑C、右中脑D、右内囊E、左内囊正确答案：B6.不符合特发性面神经麻痹的症状、体征是A、听觉过敏B、Hunt综合征C、舌前2/3味觉减退D、耳后疼痛E、面部感觉减退正确答案：E7.对脑动脉瘤破裂的预后估计,最重要的是A、脑动脉瘤的多少B、意识障碍的程度C、血压上升的程度D、脑动脉瘤的大小E、偏瘫的有无正确答案：B8.眼球内斜视A、舌下神经损害B、三叉神经损害C、动眼神经损害D、面神经损害E、外展神经损害正确答案：E9.男性， 62 岁，活动中突发头痛、左侧肢体乏力伴呕吐 3 小时。
既往有高血压病史 15 年。
体查：神清，左侧肢体肌力 0 级，肌张力低，左侧偏身感觉减退。
该患者最有诊断价值的辅助检查是：A、脑脊液检查B、TCDC、头颅 CTD、脑电图E、肌电图正确答案：C10.脑栓塞最常见的病因：A、脑血管痉挛B、慢性房颤C、微栓子D、脑动脉粥样硬化E、血管炎F、先天性动脉瘤G、血液病H、高血压 I. 溶栓治疗正确答案：B11.35岁男性药物过量醒后有右足下垂不能用右足趾站立,右踝部背屈无力,外翻内翻可,右踝腱反射未引出。
广西医科大学公共卫生学2009,2012--2019年考博初试真题
广西医科大学公共卫生学2009,2012--2019年考博初试真题2009年考博初试真题名词解释1. 环境卫生学2. 流行病学3. 卫生统计学4. 营养学5. 卫生管理学简答题1. 简述环境卫生学的研究内容。
2. 简述流行病学的的研究方法。
3. 简述卫生统计学在公共卫生领域的应用。
4. 简述营养学的基本概念。
5. 简述卫生管理学的的研究内容。
论述题1. 论述公共卫生学的发展历程。
2. 论述环境卫生学在我国的重要性。
3. 论述流行病学在公共卫生决策中的作用。
4. 论述卫生统计学在疾病预防控制中的应用。
5. 论述营养与健康的关系。
2012年考博初试真题名词解释1. 卫生政策2. 公共卫生服务体系3. 疾病预防控制中心4. 健康教育5. 卫生法规简答题1. 简述卫生政策的基本构成。
2. 简述公共卫生服务体系的功能。
3. 简述疾病预防控制中心的主要职责。
4. 简述健康教育的目标。
5. 简述卫生法规的分类。
论述题1. 论述我国公共卫生事业的发展现状及挑战。
2. 论述卫生政策在公共卫生领域的应用。
3. 论述疾病预防控制中心在疫情防控中的作用。
4. 论述健康教育在公共卫生中的重要性。
5. 论述卫生法规在公共卫生管理中的作用。
2013年考博初试真题名词解释1. 健康危险因素2. 慢性病3. 免疫接种4. 食品安全5. 卫生监督简答题1. 简述健康危险因素的分类。
2. 简述慢性病的影响因素。
3. 简述免疫接种的原则。
4. 简述食品安全的含义。
5. 简述卫生监督的任务。
论述题1. 论述健康危险因素与慢性病的关系。
2. 论述免疫接种在预防传染病中的作用。
3. 论述食品安全在公共卫生中的重要性。
4. 论述卫生监督在公共卫生管理中的作用。
5. 论述公共卫生学在疾病预防控制中的应用。
2014年考博初试真题名词解释1. 卫生应急2. 突发公共卫生事件3. 生物统计学4. 健康素养5. 环境卫生监测简答题1. 简述卫生应急的基本任务。
本科神经病学试题及答案
本科神经病学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 神经病学是研究以下哪个系统的疾病？A. 呼吸系统B. 循环系统C. 神经系统D. 消化系统答案：C2. 脑卒中最常见的类型是？A. 脑出血B. 脑血栓形成C. 脑栓塞D. 蛛网膜下腔出血答案：B3. 以下哪项不是帕金森病的典型症状？A. 静止性震颤B. 肌强直C. 运动迟缓D. 肌无力答案：D4. 癫痫发作时，以下哪项处理是错误的？A. 将患者平卧B. 将患者头偏向一侧C. 用力按压患者抽搐的肢体D. 保持呼吸道通畅答案：C5. 多发性硬化症的病变部位主要在？A. 脑B. 脊髓C. 周围神经D. 脑和脊髓答案：D6. 脑电图（EEG）主要用于诊断以下哪种疾病？A. 心脏病B. 肺部疾病C. 神经系统疾病D. 肾脏疾病答案：C7. 以下哪项不是神经性疼痛的特点？A. 疼痛性质多样B. 疼痛部位固定C. 疼痛持续时间较长D. 疼痛与情绪有关答案：B8. 脑脊液检查主要用于诊断以下哪种疾病？A. 感染性疾病B. 肿瘤C. 神经系统疾病D. 内分泌疾病答案：C9. 以下哪项不是神经肌肉接头疾病的特点？A. 肌肉无力B. 肌肉萎缩C. 肌肉疲劳D. 肌肉疼痛答案：B10. 以下哪项是周围神经病的典型症状？A. 肌肉无力B. 肌肉萎缩C. 肌肉疼痛D. 肌肉僵硬答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. 神经病学的主要研究对象是_______系统。
答案：神经系统2. 脑卒中的治疗原则包括_______、_______和康复治疗。
答案：急性期治疗、稳定期治疗3. 帕金森病的病理特征是_______神经元的减少。
答案：黑质多巴胺能4. 癫痫发作时，应立即将患者_______，以防止误吸。
答案：头偏向一侧5. 多发性硬化症的典型MRI表现是_______。
答案：脑白质多发性脱髓鞘病变6. 脑电图（EEG）可以检测到_______活动。
答案：大脑电7. 神经性疼痛的特点包括疼痛性质多样、疼痛部位_______、疼痛持续时间较长。
广西医科大学病理学2009-2019年博士入学考试真题
广西医科大学病理学2009-2019年博士入学考试真题2009年真题1. 病理学的定义是什么？2. 简要描述肿瘤的形成过程。
3. 什么是病理诊断？它的作用是什么？4. 请列举三种常见的炎症类型，并简要描述它们的特点。
5. 什么是免疫组织化学？它在病理学中的应用有哪些？2010年真题1. 请列举三种常见的遗传性疾病，并简要描述它们的特点。
2. 什么是细胞凋亡？请描述细胞凋亡的发生机制。
3. 简要描述肝硬化的病理变化和临床表现。
4. 请列举三种常见的免疫缺陷病，并简要描述它们的特点。
5. 什么是免疫荧光检测？它在病理学中的应用有哪些？2011年真题1. 简要描述心肌梗死的病理变化和临床表现。
2. 请列举三种常见的恶性肿瘤，并简要描述它们的特点。
3. 什么是组织学？它在病理学中的作用是什么？4. 请简要描述肾小球肾炎的病理变化和临床表现。
5. 什么是原位癌？它的发展过程是怎样的？2012年真题1. 请列举三种常见的免疫性疾病，并简要描述它们的特点。
2. 简要描述急性炎症的病理变化和临床表现。
3. 什么是电镜？它在病理学中的应用有哪些？4. 请简要描述胃溃疡的病理变化和临床表现。
5. 什么是肿瘤的恶性转化？它的发生机制是什么？2013年真题1. 什么是肺癌？请简要描述肺癌的病理变化和临床表现。
2. 请列举三种常见的遗传性肿瘤，并简要描述它们的特点。
3. 简要描述慢性炎症的病理变化和临床表现。
4. 什么是组织化学方法？它在病理学中的应用有哪些？5. 请简要描述乳腺癌的病理变化和临床表现。
2014年真题1. 请列举三种常见的肝炎病毒，并简要描述它们的特点。
2. 什么是遗传性代谢病？简要描述一种常见的遗传性代谢病。
3. 简要描述急性白血病的病理变化和临床表现。
4. 什么是免疫组织化学方法？它在病理学中的应用有哪些？5. 请简要描述胃癌的病理变化和临床表现。
2015年真题1. 什么是病理生理学？它与病理学的关系是什么？2. 请列举三种常见的肺部疾病，并简要描述它们的特点。
神经病学题库+参考答案
神经病学题库+参考答案一、单选题（共98题，每题1分，共98分）1.肌阵挛发作首选：A、卡马西平B、扑痫酮C、丙戊酸钠D、氯硝安定E、ACTH正确答案：C2.25岁女患,反复抽搐十余年,近日又犯。
就诊前3小时反复抽搐发作十余次,一直不清醒。
查体:T39.5℃,P108次/分,Bp16/11kPa(120/80mmHg),呼吸较快,两肺有散在干性罗音。
应首先采取的治疗措施是A、静注20%甘露醇B、静滴抗菌素C、肌注冬眠灵D、口服苯妥英纳E、静注安定正确答案：E3.56岁女性，左上肢发作性麻木半年，初从左手拇指开始，后扩散至整个上肢，查体见左上肢痛，温觉稍差，左上肢腱反射亢进，余未见明显异常首先应做的辅助检查是A、头部CT或MRIB、脑电图C、颈椎X线片或MRID、腰穿脑脊液检查E、肌电图正确答案：A4.一名41岁女性,反复发生右下颌痛2个月,每日发作2-3次,每次持续约30秒左右,骤然停止,呈烧灼样痛,触摸右下嘴唇易诱发。
检查:右下第一、二臼齿为龋齿,对本病最适当的治疗应是:A、右下颌神经阻滞B、处理病牙C、酰胺咪嗪口服D、给予一般止痛剂对症治疗E、手术切除右三叉神经感觉根正确答案：C5.可引起眼裂变小的病征有A、面神经麻痹B、展神经麻痹C、滑车神经麻痹D、Horner征E、动眼神经麻痹正确答案：D6.男性,28岁,一周来周身不适,二天前双下肢无力,麻木,昨天开始不能行走,双上肢亦不好使,排尿困难,今日四肢均瘫,不能排尿,呼吸稍困难,体检四肢全瘫,肌张力弛缓,平肩部以下深浅感觉丧失,腱反射消失,Babinski征双侧阴性,颈椎X光平片正常。
最有助于诊断的初步检查是:A、CTB、腰穿C、测血钾D、脊髓血管造影E、肌电图正确答案：B7.女性,26岁,间歇性双颞部搏动性痛5年。
每次头痛持续数小时至1天,伴恶心,呕吐。
月经前后易发作。
有家族史,神经系统检查无异常,最可能诊断是A、神经官能症B、典型偏头痛C、紧张性头痛D、普通型偏头痛E、群集性头痛正确答案：D8.某男性患者， 45 岁，渐起左手指活动不灵 8 月，逐渐出现左上肢乏力，手部肌肉萎缩，并发展至右上肢，近 3 月来出现双下肢无力。
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医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
广西医科大学
2019年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：神经病学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不分。 一、名词解释
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1. 古次曼综合征 2. 三叉神经痛 3. 闭锁综合征 4. 贝尔麻痹 5. 血管性痴呆 二、问答题 1. 脊髓亚急性联合变性的表现 2. 帕金森病治疗的常用药物及用药原则 3. 格林巴利综合症的类型及特点 4. 癫痫和癫痫综合征的分类 5. 多发性周围神经病的病因 6. 出血性脑梗死定义、发病机制、常见病因及临床表现
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