高考英语考点归纳(四)—虚拟语气
高中英语2025届高考语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解
高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。
上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。
总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。
（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。
（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
（言外之意不是我做这个工作，用虚拟表达是我做这份工作的可能性很低）与过去事实相反：If anything had happened, he would have let us know.如果发生了什么情况，他早就通知我们了。
（所以没事发生）它们的共性都是表示与事实相反或者实现可能性不大3.特殊情况①在极少情况下，从句的谓语动词用原形，主句的谓语动词可用陈述语气（比较官方，正式，大气的说法，口语很少使用）If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.如果这是官方的看法，这是不能接受的。
②if可以省略，但是语序要改为倒装Were I Tom I would refuse.如果我是汤姆我会拒绝。
高考英语虚拟语气
高考英语虚拟语气在英语中，虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、想象、期望或建议的语言形式。
虚拟语气可以用来表达我们对于某些事情的看法或观点，而这些事情可能并不是真实的。
在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，需要考生们熟练掌握并运用。
一、虚拟语气的分类虚拟语气可以分为两类：现在虚拟语气和过去虚拟语气。
现在虚拟语气用于表达对于现在或未来的假设，而过去虚拟语气则用于表达对于过去的假设。
二、虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气的构成主要是通过谓语动词的变化来实现的。
在现在虚拟语气中，常用的谓语动词包括“would”、“could”、“should”、“might”等；在过去虚拟语气中，常用的谓语动词包括“would have done”、“could have done”、“should have done”、“might have done”等。
三、虚拟语气的使用场合虚拟语气通常用于表达主观的看法或建议，如表达对某件事情的遗憾、不满或期望。
在高考英语中，虚拟语气常常出现在完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空和写作等题型中。
四、虚拟语气的解题技巧1、理解语境：在理解题目语境的基础上，判断应该使用现在虚拟语气还是过去虚拟语气。
2、分析谓语动词：根据谓语动词的变化形式，判断应该使用哪个虚拟语气的形式。
3、关键词：在题目中寻找相关的关键词，如“如果”、“要是我”、“要是能”等，这些关键词通常会提示考生需要使用虚拟语气。
4、排除干扰项：在解题时，要排除那些与虚拟语气无关的选项，以免被干扰。
虚拟语气是高考英语中的一个重要考点，考生们需要熟练掌握其构成和用法。
只有在实际运用中多加练习，才能更好地理解和掌握这一语法点。
高考英语虚拟语气在英语中，虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、想象、期望或建议的语言形式。
虚拟语气可以用来表达我们对于某些事情的看法或观点，而这些事情可能并不是真实的。
在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，需要考生们熟练掌握并运用。
高考英语虚拟语气(23张)
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5
C. would , ask
D. did, ask
典型例题
注意1、陈述语气与虚拟语气
1) The volleyball match will be put off if it ___B__. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。真实 条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。
2) --- Would you have called her up ___A__ possible? --- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework.
A. had it been … was
B. if it was … were
C. if it had been … had been D. if it were … would be
Had I (=If I had) known about it,I would have told
ou.
Should anyone (=If anyone should )call, please take
a message.
hat would have happened, ____C_ as far as the river bank?
A. lies
B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
(lie 躺. ，lay, lain)
12
2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词 原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。 常见的动词有:一个坚持insist; 两个命令order, command ; 三条建议suggest , advise, propose; 四项要求demand, request, require, desire;
高中英语高考语法知识整理复习(虚拟语气+倒装句)
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。
高考虚拟语气用法归纳
高考虚拟语气用法归纳咱先来说说这虚拟语气啊，对于要高考的同学们来说，那可真是个有点头疼但又特别重要的知识点。
虚拟语气这玩意儿，简单来说，就是假设一些不太真实或者没发生的情况。
比如说，“要是我当时好好学习，现在就不会这么发愁了”，这就是一种虚拟语气的表达。
咱们先瞅瞅条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。
要是与现在事实相反，从句就得用“if ＋主语＋动词过去式（be 动词用 were）”，主句呢，就得用“主语＋ would/could/should/might ＋动词原形”。
就像有个同学跟我抱怨，说：“老师，要是我现在有超能力，一下子就能记住所有单词，那英语考试就不愁啦！”这就是假设了一个现在不可能有的情况。
再说说与过去事实相反的情况。
从句得是“if ＋主语＋ had ＋过去分词”，主句就得变成“主语＋ would/could/should/might ＋ have ＋过去分词”。
我记得有一次，一个同学考完试后懊悔地说：“哎呀，要是我考试前多做几道数学题，这次就不会错那么多了！”这就是在后悔过去没做的事儿。
还有和将来事实相反的，从句可以是“if ＋主语＋ were to ＋动词原形；if ＋主语＋ should ＋动词原形”，主句依然是“主语＋would/could/should/might ＋动词原形”。
想象一下，有同学说：“要是明天世界末日，今天我就啥也不学，尽情玩！”虽然这事儿不太可能，但就是这种假设的虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在宾语从句里也有讲究。
比如说，wish 后的宾语从句，与现在事实相反用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；与将来事实相反用 would/could ＋动词原形。
我曾经听到一个同学许愿说：“真希望我现在是个学霸，啥题都会做！”这就是典型的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气表达。
还有在主语从句中，“It is ＋形容词（或过去分词）＋that”结构中，如果形容词或过去分词表示“建议、要求、命令”等，从句的谓语动词要用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么
高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，也是让许多同学感到头疼的部分。
虚拟语气用于表达与事实相反、假设、愿望、建议等情况，它的用法多样，且有不少需要注意的地方。
接下来，咱们就详细地探讨一下高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点。
一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法1、与现在事实相反条件从句用一般过去时（be 动词用 were），主句用“would ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋动词原形”。
例如：If I were you, I would take the job （如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。
）2、与过去事实相反条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋ have ＋过去分词”。
比如：If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam （如果你学习更努力些，你就会通过考试了。
）3、与将来事实相反条件从句有三种形式：① should ＋动词原形；② were to ＋动词原形；③一般过去时。
主句用“wou ld ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋动词原形”。
举个例子：If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home （要是明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
）二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1、 wish 后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反，用“would ／ could ＋动词原形”。
例如：I wish I were as tall as you （我希望我和你一样高。
）2、表示“建议、要求、命令”等动词后的宾语从句这类动词有suggest（建议）、advise（建议）、insist（坚持要求）、order（命令）、demand（要求）等，从句谓语用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
2023届高考英语语法：虚拟语气讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中从句主句与现实事实相反一般过去式（be--were）Should/would/could/might + V原与过去事实相反Had + done Should/would/could/might +have done与将来事实相反过去式；should+V 原；were to + V原Should/would/could/might + V原1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.例句：If there were no subjunctive mood, English ( ) much easier to learn. （B）A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
2020高考英语语法专题汇总：虚拟语气(附例题)
虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
和小简老师一起来学习一下~1虚拟语气谓语动词的几种表现形式1. 用在虚拟条件句中虚拟条件句及其主句的谓语形式可归纳如下:例1：I would certainly go if I had the time.例2：How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer.例3：She would have come if we had invited her.注：如果条件从句中包含有were, had, should或could，有时可把if省略掉，但这时要把were, had, should 或could放在主语前面(这种结构在口语中较少使用)。
例如：1)Had we made adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.Had we made = If we had made2)Were there no gravity, there would be no air around us.3)Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.2. 用在含蓄条件句中句子中，假设的情况不用条件从句表示出来，而是用一个介词短语来表示，句子的谓语形式也可遵循上表的规则。
这种用法也常见于or, or else, otherwise和but后面的分句中。
例如：1)Without music, the world would be a dull place.2)But for your help, we would have failed.3)She would have gone with us, but she didn’t have time.4)He must have had an accident, or he would have been here then.3.用在错综时间条件句中有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时，谓语动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整，这种句子可称作错综时间条件句。
4. 虚拟语气(熊老师高考英语复习资料)
四虚拟语气虚拟语气出现在状语从句，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句和特殊句型中。
现将虚拟语气按上列句型进行归纳。
1状语从句分为条件状语从句，方式状语从句和目的状语从句（１）由if引导的条件状语从句其动词形式如下：Ａ。
与现在事实相反，If the cat could fly, it would cat the bird now.If I were in your place now, I would not accept the job.If there were no water, there would be no life.If I knew his telephone number I would call him up now.If I were rich now, I would buy a car.B. 与将来事实相反If it should snow tomorrow I would not come.If I were to go abroad I would go to America but I know that is absolutely impossible.He won’t come. If he came I would show him my new picture.C.与过去事实相反If I had left earlier yesterday I would have caught the plane.If we had tried again we would have succeeded at that time.If it had not been for the soldier, the boy would have been drowned.Ｄ，混合条件状语从句If she had n’t trained hard in the past, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast now.If the man had died in the accident last week, he wouldn’t be here in front of you now.Ann would be alive today if the doctor had come sooner last night.If you had listened carefully in class, you would find it easier to do the exercises now.注意：如果条件状语从句含有had, should, were把had, should, were提到句首并省掉if.如：Should it be fine tomorrow, I would go.Had he studied hard, he couldn’t have failed in the exam.Were I you I would get up early in the morning.（２）由as if, as though引导的方式状语从句,其谓语形式：与过去事实相反，用过去完成时与现在事实相反，用过去时He walks as if he were drunk.Tom talks as though he knew everything.Bill speaks as if he had been there before.(3)目的状语从句so that, in order引导的目的状语从句中，肯定时必须用情态动词,can ,may否定时用should.；for fear that , lest 引导的从句用should.I got up very early so that I could catch the first train.He went over the papers very carefully lest he should leave any mistakes in them.I walked out of the room quietly so that I should not wake up the children.In order that his son can go to a key university he keeps his son working hard at his lessons .2.宾语从句（１）wish 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词形式为：与过去事实相反用过去完成形式与现在事实相反用过去形式与将来事实相反用过去将来形式I wish I were as strong as you.I wish I had come to the meeting yesterday.I wish he would go with you tomorrow.(2 ) would rather,= would just as soon,= would sooner 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词形式为：如果表示与过去相反，动词用过去完成式，如果表示与现在事实相反或将来事实相反动词形式都用过去式，如：I would rather you came tomorrow。
高考英语语法难点：虚拟语气(每年都考)
虚拟语气（the subjunctive mood），又称假设语气，是谓语动词的一种形式，表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反，在现实中并不存在，或实现的可能性很小。
一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
英语中的语气(mood)有三种，分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
1.陈述语气陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问，主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。
Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。
Come this way,please! 请这边走。
Don't make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。
3.虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。
May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！二、条件句中的虚拟语气英语中条件从句有两类，一类是真实条件句，另一类是非真实条件句。
如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句；如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
A．真实条件句真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。
If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。
高考英语语法考点归纳总结虚拟语气素材
高考英语语法考点归纳总结：高考英语语法：虚拟语气一.概念: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念虚拟语气的用法一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形1.表示祝愿a. Long live our country.b. May you succeed.c. May you be happy all your life.2.表示命令a. Everybody leave the room.二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should 多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句a. What would you do with a million dollars?b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.c. We could have done better with more money.d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.b. She looked as if she were ill.2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式a. The machines operated as if it had been repa ired.五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同a. Even if I were rich, I would work.六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.c. I wish I could help you.d. I wish I were young.②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变a. I wish the prices would come down.b. I wish you would help me.c. I wish he would be more careful.d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式a. I suggested that we should go there at once.b. I demand that he should answer me at once.c. The doctor insisted that the patie nt should stay in bed for two weeks.d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用 ( should ) +动词原形a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式a. It is time we got up.九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish 的宾语从句相同a. If only he did n’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)b. If only he had take n the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式a. I would rather he came next Saturday.b. I w ould prefer you had seen the film yesterday.c. I would rather that he painted the house blue。
高考英语语法讲解——虚拟语气
虚拟语气一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.和现在的事实相反从句：一般过去时（were/did）；主句：过去将来时（would do）E.g.：I am not free today. If I ______free today, I _____ (go)and visit some of my friends.2.和过去的事实相反从句：过去完成时（had done）；主句：过去完成时（would have done）E.g.：If my lawyer ___________(come)here last Saturday, he __________(keep) me from going.3.和将来的事实相反从句：①were to + 动词原形②should +动词原形③动词过去式；主句should/would/could/might +动词原形E.g.：If I were to see Tom, what _______ you ________ (ask)me to tell him?二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。
其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。
例如:1)与现在事实相反: wish + (that)+ did(were)E.g.：I wish I were as healthy as you.E.g.：I wish that I had a plane.2)与过去事实相反: wish + (that)+ had doneE.g.：I wish I had been to the concert last night.E.g.：I wish you had written to him.3)与将来事实相反: wish + would/could/might + doE.g.：I wish he would forgive me.2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。
高考虚拟语气
高考虚拟语气
高考虚拟语气是指在表达虚拟情况或假设的时候所使用的语气，与实际情况不符合。
下面是对高考虚拟语气的解释和用法：
在高考英语中，虚拟语气常常出现在条件句中，表示与事实相反的假设或不可能实现的愿望。
虚拟语气通常由动词的过去式（一般过去式、过去完成时）或“would”引导。
虚拟语气的用法主要有以下几种情况：
1. 虚拟条件句（If 条件句）：
如果现在条件与事实相反，用虚拟语气表示。
例子：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会
更加努力学习。
）
在这个例句中，使用了虚拟语气“were”表示与现实相反的假设
情况。
2. 虚拟愿望句：
表示与现在事实相反的愿望，用虚拟语气表示。
例子：I wish I had studied harder for the exam.（我希望我当时
能更努力地学习考试。
）
这句话中使用了虚拟语气“had studied”表示与现实相反的假设
情况。
3. 虚拟建议句：
表示与现在事实相反的建议，用虚拟语气表示。
例子：I suggest that she go to the library to study.（我建议她去
图书馆学习。
）
这个例句中使用了虚拟语气“go”表示与现实相反的建议情况。
总之，高考虚拟语气在英语考试中常常出现，需要我们掌握相关的用法和规则，并能正确运用。
只有熟练掌握虚拟语气的使用方法，才能在高考中取得更好的成绩。
高考英语重难点语法讲解-虚拟语气
⾼考英语重难点语法讲解-虚拟语⽓虚拟语⽓⼀、语⽓的定义和种类l、语⽓：语⽓是动词的⼀种形式，它表⽰说话⼈对某⼀⾏为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语⽓的种类：(1)陈述语⽓: 表⽰动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，⽤于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。
What a fine day it is!多好的天⽓啊!(2)祈使语⽓: 表⽰说话⼈的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如: Open the door, please。
请打开门。
(3)虚拟语⽓: 表⽰动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，⽽是说话⼈的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。
May you succeed! 祝您成功！⼆、虚拟语⽓在条件从句中的⽤法条件句有两类，⼀类是真实条件句，⼀类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发⽣的，就是真实条件何。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语⽤陈述语⽓。
如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下⾬，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不⼤可能发⽣的，则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
)①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表⽰的⾏为和主句表⽰的⾏为所发⽣的时间不⼀致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表⽰的时间作出相应的调整。
如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句⾸，变成倒装句式。
高考英语语法——虚拟语气
高考英语语法之虚拟语气(一)语气的种类：英语句子中谓语动词的语气有四种：1. 陈述语气（The Indicative Mood）陈述语气用于直截了当地陈述事实、描述状态：He has publishedquite a number of essays this year .他今年已发表了好几篇论文。
2. 祈使语气（The Imperative Mood）祈使语气用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等：Wait outside untilyou are asked . 请在外面等候，请你进再进去。
Let's just take abreak, shall we ? 我们休息一会儿，好吗？3. 疑问语气( the interrogative mood ) ：用来提出问题Where are you from?4. 虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。
虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在，它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。
所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。
当然，有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气。
If I had moremoney, I would buy a bigger apartment.我要是有再多一点钱，我就买一套更大一些房子。
(二) 虚拟语气的种类：虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气在条件（三）虚拟语气的考查难点1.省略if的虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
难点分析：考点的判断应对策略：分析真实与否Should hecome (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
高考英语：虚拟语气考点必背
高考英语：虚拟语气考点必背虚拟语气是高中英语学习的难点，但是其变化有明显的规律，掌握之后，非常便于记忆。
一.概念语气有三种: 陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
语气表示说话人对劝词所示的动作或所处的状态持有的态度或看法。
二.相关知识点精讲1、辨别if 引导真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别If he has time, he will go with us.= Probably he has time and will go with us.If he had time, he would go with us.=But in fact he has no time.2、虚拟条件句: 1)主句和从句的谓与动词构成形式如下表移除2)混合时间的虚拟语气如果条件句中的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。
1)If he had telephoned me last night, I would see him now.2)If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be all right now.3)If China had not been liberated, the working people would still be leading a miserable life.3）隐含条件虚拟语气without；but for；except for；“if it were not for +宾语”或“were it not for + 宾语”；But that + 从句；主句谓语用虚拟语气，时态变化同上表。
4)倒装省略句如果虚拟语气的条件从句谓语动词中含有were, had, should，could有时可将if省去，而将条件从句的主语置于were, had, should, could之后。
高考英语语法——虚拟语气
虚拟语气一、定义：虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
1．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1）表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）Eg. If he had time, he would (could, might) go with youEg.If I were you, I would work hard.2）表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生Eg.If I had time last night, I should have come to see you.Eg.If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮)3）表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生Eg.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Eg.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.4）※注意：虚拟语气的倒装语序：如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.If I had time, I would have done that yesterday.=Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.Eg.If I were you, I would go to the party.=Were I you, I would go to the party.Eg.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home=Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。
考点归纳(四)—虚拟语气
Given more attention, the tree could have grown better.
如果多留心的话，这树本来可以长的更好。
副词otherwise表示虚拟条件
I was too busy at that time.Otherwise,I would have called you.
句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题。
---But for your timely warning,we ______ into great trouble.
---You know we’re friends.
A. would getB. must have got
注意：as if/as though引导的状语从句中也可以用陈述语气：
当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时：
It sounds as if it is raining．听起来像是在下雨。
He talks as if he is drunk．从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。
①与现在事实相反
主语从句
在It is necessary / important / strange that…
It is suggested / demanded/ ordered / requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用should+do
It is strange that such a person should be our friends.
省略if的虚拟条件句
将虚拟条件从句中的were，had,should放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装
①Should he come ,tell him to ring me up.
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虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。
高考考查虚拟语气主要和情态动词相结合。
1（1be动词的过去式用were”。
如：►. If I were a boy, I would join the army.►（2则用过去分词”►（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如：►. If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)►. Were I a boy, I would join the army.►. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.►. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（①。
表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。
表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。
如：►. I wish it were spring all the year round.►. I wish I had known the answer.►suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist, request,should + 动词原形或是动词原形。
如：►. She suggested we (should) leave here at once.►（2作表示建议、等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+ 动词原形”。
如：►. His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.►（3“should + 动词原形”►. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.►. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.►. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。
如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。
反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。
如：►. It is pity that you can’t swim.3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用（1）虚拟语气在►►（2time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。
如：►. It’s time that I picked up my daugh ter.►.（3）虚拟语气用在►►. If only I had taken his advice.（4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
现在日常会话中。
如：►. It would be better for you not to stay up too late.►►►. I would rather not tell you.Notes:1）当insist 表示坚持要求该如何做一个未来动作或该做什么动作时，可接should+动词原形；如果insist表示的是坚持认为过去的或现在的情况怎样或是什么时，则that从句中动词的时态须与所表示的时间一致，不可用虚拟语气。
►. He insisted that he had done right. 他坚持认为（说）他做得对。
（陈述语气）►. He insisted that I should go there. 他坚持要求我去那。
（虚拟语气）2）suggest 表示“建议”接宾语从句用虚拟语气；作“暗示，表明”讲，接宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
3）It’s time that从句中除了用should+动词原形外，还可以用动词的过去式。
即It’s time sb. did sth.比较：１）would rather sb. did sth（宁愿某人会做某事）与现在或将来事实相反。
２）would rather sb. had done sth (宁愿某人做过某事)---与过去事实相反。
Answers: Part I l-5 BBACC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CBABA16-20 CDABD 21-25 CACBB 26-30 BCBBD Part II 1 -20: ABABC DDBCA BADAC AADDB21- 40: CDBCC ACBBA CCBAC ABCCC Part III 1-11 BDCDD DCBAB B虚拟语气专练Part I1．I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I the book from which it was made.A．have read B．had read C．should have read D．am reading2．You are late. If you a few minutes earlier, you him.A．came；would meet B．had come；would have metC．come；will meet D．had come；would meet3．I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he everything.A．knew B．knows C．has know D．had known4．His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad．A．will take B．would take C．take D．took5．We might have failed if you us a helping hand．A．have not given B．would not give C．had not given D．did not give 6．The law requires that everyone his car checked at least once a month．A．has B．have C．had D．will have7．He was busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting．A．would come B．would have been C．could have been D．would be 8．If there were no subjunctive mood，English much easier．A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be9．the fog, we should have reached our schoo1．A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for10．—What will you do during winter vacation?—I don’t know，but it’s about time something·A．I decided B．I’ll decide C．I’d decided D．I’m de ciding11．He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，he to your birthday party．A．would come B．came C．would have come D．should come 12．The two strangers talked as if they friends for years．A．should be B．had been C．have been D．were13．Look! What you’ve done! You have been more careful．A．should B．may C．ought D．would14．Without electricity，what ?A．will the world be like B．would the world be likeC．the world will be like D．the World Would be like15．With your ability，you out the puzzle within a few minutes．A．could have worked B．need have workedC．ought to have worked D．must have worked16．My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible．A．is taken B．must be taken C．be taken D．has to be taken17．If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home now．A．would have had B．would have C．must be having D．would be having 18．here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us today．A．Had he been B．If he were C．Were he D．Should be he19．His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk．A．had been B．was C．be D．should be20．Do you feel that I the problem in a different way the other day?A．should come B．should have solved C．have solved D．solved21．0ur chairman hasn’t come yet．If he on time，we would have to put off the meeting．A．should come B．would come C．shouldn’t come D．do esn’t come 22．He insisted that he really very tried and that he to have a rest．A．was；be allowed B．was；must be allowedC．should be；must be allowed D．should be；be allowed23．He did his best in everything；he would not have been what he was．A．and B．but C．otherwise D．but that24．I do I could give you a hand．A．hope B．wish C．expect D．think25．I Would rather she tomorrow than today．A．come B．came C．should D．has come26．The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules．A．obeys B．obey C．will obey D．Would obey27．I her if I thought she would understand．A．would tell B．will tell C．Would have to1d D．told28．The teacher requires Rose by heart 15 English words each day．A．1earn B．to learn C．must learn D．1earning29．—If he ，he that food．—Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y．A．Was warmed；would not take B．had been warmed；wou1d not have taken C．would be warmed；had not taken D．would have been warmed；had not taken 30．Without electricity human life quite different today．A．is B．will be C．would have been D．Would bePart II1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right.A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. may be2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have been3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know.A. should callB. should not have been ableC. were not ableD. are not able4. If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.A. may getB. might getC. should have calledD. maybe get5. _____________today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.A. WasB. Had beenC. Will beD. Were7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ____________our chairman now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would be8. ____________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last SundayA. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____________your adviceA. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followed10. If the horse won today, it _____________ thirty races in five years.A. would have wonB. wonC. must have wonD. did have won11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.A. being thereB. should there beC. there wasD. there having been12. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d______________ there by now.A. beB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling13. I wish I ___________ with her.A. would beB. amC. wasD. were14. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I_______________ to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. can not have gone15. George would certainly have attended the meeting, ____________________ .A. if he didn’t get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn’t happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself16. The teacher suggested that her students _____________ experiences with ESP.A. write a composition on theirB. to write composition about theC. wrote some compositions of his or herD. had written any compositions for his17. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______________a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been18. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______________ away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been19. Most insurance agents would rather you ___________ anything about collecting claims untilthey investigate the situation.A. doB. don’tC. didn’tD. didn’t do20. It is important that the TOEFL office ________ your registration.A. will confirmB. confirmC. confirmsD. must confirm21. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology __________.A. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD. had not been achieved22. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ____________a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been23. It is time that the government ______________measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking24. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ________all diplomas from elementary school to university.A. hasB. will haveC. should haveD. must have25. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. had come26. If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told27. I had hoped that John _______ a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.A. spendsB. spentC. would spendD. will spend28. It’s high time they____________ this road.A. mendB. mendedC. must have mendedD. will mend29. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.A. takeB. tookC. have takenD. will take30. He’s working hard for fear that he_____________ .A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind31. In the past men generally preferred that their wives_______________ in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working32. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child_____ psychologically ready for the new idea.A. isB. wereC. beD. would be33. Your advice that_____________ till next week is reasonable.A. she waitsB. she waitC. wait sheD. she waited34. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.A. singB. singedC. had signedD. were signing35. I advised that the sick child ________ a hospital as soon as possible.A. should send toB. should be sentC. be went toD. must be sent to36. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ________ be 20 percent.A. be raisedB. would be raisedC. raisedD. raise37. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules.A. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey38. My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot ofgood to her.A. takesB. must takeC. takeD. took39. If only I ________ driving before.A. learnB. learnedC. had learnedD. would learn40. ________ she ________ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.A. If, didn’t leaveB. Had not, leftC. Hadn’t, leftD. Didn’t, leavePart III1. --- If he _____, he _____ that food.--- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (93 N)A. was warned … would not takeB. had been warned … would not have takenC. w ould be warned … had not takenD. would have been warned … had not taken2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother. (94 N)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____. (95 N)A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken4. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired. (96 N)A. drove … didn’t getB. drove … wouldn’t getC. were driving … wouldn’t getD. had driven … wouldn’t have got5. Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something she wouldregret later. (96 上海)A. had saidB. saidC. might sayD. might have said6. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal. (01上海春季)A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored7. What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank? (01 上海)A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked farther8. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (02 上海)A. wouldn’t have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall9. _____ be sent to work there? (02 上海)A. What do you suggestB. Who do you suggest that shouldC. Do you suggest who shouldD. Do you suggest whom should10. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海春季)A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had11. --- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?--- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. (05江苏卷)A. will not be sent; thatB. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; whatD. should not send; what。