非谓语动词用法表解

1. ___ my teacher, after all thirty years in Boston, was an unforgettable moment, ___ I will always treasure. A. To meet, one B. To meet, it C. Meeting, it D. Meeting, one 2. ___ hardly made Allan pay attention to ___ his mistakes. A. Scolding, correcting B. Being scolded, correct C. Being scolded, correcting D. Having been scolded, correct 3. ______ (say) is easier than _______ (do). A.Saying, doing B.Saying, to do C.To say, doing D.Say,do 4. To see is . A.to believe B. believe C.believing D.believed
非谓语动词用法表解
主动 被动
定语（逻辑主语：修饰的名词或代词） 1.表将来的动作； 2.修饰被序数词、最高级或 no/all/any/only等限定的词； 3.用来修饰的词是抽象名词 1.说明被修饰名词的用途和性能 2.表正在进行（和主动）的动作 （having done/having been done不作定 语） 表已完成和被动 （vi．的-ed形式作定语只表示已完成）
-ing形式作动词的宾语 能用-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用ing形式作宾语，另一类是既可用-ing形式作宾语，也可用不 定式作宾语。 ①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词 这类动词只能用-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。 Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了! I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方 法做这件事。 必背： 只接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有 admit 承认/ dislike 嫌恶/ include 包括/ mind 介意/ consider 考虑/ excuse 原谅/ mention 提及/ forgive 原谅 / appreciate 感激/ avoid 避免/ keep 保持/ escape 避免/ delay 耽搁/ fancy 想不到/ cannot help 情不自禁/ enjoy 喜欢/ feel like 意欲/ give up 放弃/ imagine 设想/ finish 完成/ practise 练习/ miss 逃过/ resist 抵制/ put off 推迟 / risk 冒险
被动 to be done to be being done to have been done
Fra Baidu bibliotek
being done having been done
过去分 词
done
非谓语动词用法表解
主动 to do to be doing to have 不定式 done to have been doing
被动
作主语
作表语
to be done 表具体的或一次性的动作， to be being done 特别是将来的动作 to have been done
-ing形 式
doing being done having done having been done
表一般性、习惯性的动作， 或抽象性的动作； 或作表语表示主语的特征 It is no use/no good/fun/nice doing… There is no doing…
非谓语动词用法表解
主动 被动 作主语 作表语 作宾语 定语（逻辑主语：修饰的 名词） 状语（逻辑主 语:主句主语） 补语（逻辑 主语：宾语 或主语）
不 定 式
to do; to be doing; to have done; to have been doing
to be done; to be being done; to have been done
-ing形式作介词宾语： Jason aims at becoming an astronaut. 詹森立志 要当宇航员。 Please excuse me for being late. 对不起，我迟 到了。 He has little hope of passing the examination. 他几乎没有什么希望通过考试。 Peter is angry about not being invited to the party. 没有被邀请出席聚会，彼得很生气。 What about going for a walk 去散步好不好？ You must get used to washing your face with cold water. 你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。 John has admitted to breaking the window. 约 翰已承认了打碎窗子。
X 说明主语的 状态，或表 被动动作
过去分 词
done
To know oneself is difficult. It is difficult for him to give up smoking. It is very kind of you to help me. His wish is to become a scientist. The play is exciting. The glass is broken./ The glass was broken by Mike. It was no use sending him to the hospital. It is a great deal of good practicing English every morning. It’s a waste of time arguing with him about it. It’s fun being an actor. 动名词作there be no句型中的主语： There is no joking about such matters.这不 是玩笑。 There is no good smoking too much. 吸太多 烟不好。
不定式作形容词的宾语 ①句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语。 1. I am sorry to say that he is going from bad to worse. 很遗憾，他的情况每况愈下 2. John was happy to be given the job. 约翰得到 这份工作很高兴。 ②句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。 1. This problem is easy to solve. 这个问题很容 易解决。 2. 注意：在这种结构中，如果不定式是不及物动词， 则必须加上结构或含义所需的介词。 3. The river is dangerous to swim in. 在这条河 里游泳很危险。 4. A spring mattress is comfortable to sleep on. 席梦思床垫睡上去很舒服。
表正在进行（和主动）的 动作（having done/having been done不 作定语）
表正在进行。
过 去 分 词
done
.
X .
说明主 语的状 态，或 表被动 动作
.
X
表已完成和被动 （vi．的-ed形式作定语 只表示已完成）
与主句主语是 被动关系；
表被动。
.
.
.
非谓语动词用法表解
主动 to do to be doing 不定式 to have done to have been doing -ing形 式 doing having done
表将来的动 作
in g 形 式
doing having done
being done having been done
表一般性、习惯性 的动作，或抽象性 的动作，或表主语 的特征It is no use/no good/fun/nice doing… There is no doing…
动宾 介宾 形容词后宾语 (有些动词只接ing形式)
表具体的或一次性 的动作，特别是将 来的动作
动宾 (少数介词如 but/except后) 形容词后宾语
1.表将来的动作； 2.修饰被序数词、最高级 或no/all/any/only等限定 的词； 3.用来修饰的词是抽象名 词
表目的， 表结果:only to do;enough to do; so/such… as to do;too…to do; 表原因、条件。 表示时间、原 因、结果、条 件、让步、行 为方式或伴随 情况等；一般 式表与主句同 时进行； 完成式强调发 生在主句谓语 动词之前。
being done having been done
动宾(有些动词只接-ing形式); 介宾; 形容词后宾语
过去 分词
done
X
不定式作动词后的宾语 1. I want to see him. 2. I think it better not to go. 不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。 1. The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard. 老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。 2. He had no choice but to sit there as usual. 他没有什 么选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿。 如不定式前有行为动词do，那么在表语从句中的不定式和介 词except或but之后的不定式可不带to。 1. There is nothing we can do but wait patiently. 我们只 能耐心等待。 2. The only thing I could do was go home. 我能做的唯一 一件事就是回家。 3. They could do nothing but wait for the doctor to come. 他们只能等待医生的到来。
-ing形式作动词的宾语 ①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词
只接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动 词有 admit 承认/ dislike 嫌恶/ include 包括/ mind 介意/ consider 考虑/ excuse 原谅/ mention 提及/ forgive 原谅/ appreciate 感 激/ avoid 避免/ keep 保持/ escape 避免/ delay 耽搁/ fancy 想不到/ cannot help 情 不自禁/ enjoy 喜欢/ feel like 意欲/ give up 放弃/ imagine 设想/ finish 完成/ practise 练习/ miss 逃过/ resist 抵制/ put off 推迟/ risk 冒险
need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面 接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式， 意义上并无差别，但用-ing形式比较普通。 Your composition needs correcting /to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。 His coat wants cleaning/ to be cleaned. 他的大衣需要洗了。 The old woman requires looking after carefully /to be looked after carefully. 这个 老大娘需要细心地照料。
非谓语动词用法表解
主动
被动
作宾语 动宾; 少数介词（如but/except） 后的宾语; 形容词后宾语
不定 式
to do to be doing to have done to have been doing
to be done to have been done
-ing 形式
doing having done