定语从句解释大全

【本讲教育信息】

一. 教学内容：

定语从句考点1

二. 重难点讲解：

1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was

B. it was

C. which were

D. them were

陷阱：容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

分析：最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：（1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is

B. it is

C. which are

D. them are

（2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

（3）Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

陷阱：容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。

分析：最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

陷阱：容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。

分析：最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。

再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选B，第（2）题选D：

（1）______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

（2）______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom

陷阱：此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

分析：最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … （如此……以至……）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.

A. like

B. that

C. which

D. as

5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

陷阱：容易误选C，用them 代指the buses。

分析：最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：

（1）His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

（2）Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

（3）This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them：

（4）George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.