体育比赛用语

体育比赛用语IOC: (International Olympic Committee)国际奥委会Stadium n. 体育馆Olympic Games: 奥林匹克运动会doping test: 药检Cheer v. 加油，助威Ranking n. 排名次runner-up: 亚军kick off: 开赛host（v.）主办home match: 主场比赛visiting team: 客队starting line: 起跑线on your mark: (跑步比赛中)各就各位dead heat: 不分胜负，平手Draw n. 平局，不分胜负eliminate 淘汰professional foul: 蓄意犯规red card: 红牌（表示判罚出场）yellow card: 黄牌（表示警告）hat trick: 帽子戏法，指比赛中一人攻入三球dummy play: 假动作man-to-man defense: (篮球)人盯人防守full-court press: (篮球)全场紧逼rebound n. 篮板球Dunk v. 扣篮offside n. (足球) 越位penalty kick: (足球)罚点球free kick: (足球)罚任意球Shoot 射门fancy pass: (足球)妙传体育运动(international)chess 国际象棋(Chinese chess) 象棋parachuting 跳伞tug-of-war 拔河Aquatics（水上运动）：Swimming游泳freestyle自由泳backstroke仰泳breaststroke蛙泳butterfly蝶泳individual medley个人混合泳Synchronized swimming花样游泳freestyle relay自由泳接力medley relay混合泳接力Water polo水球Diving跳水10mplatformevent十米跳台3mspringboardevent三米跳板Synchronized diving from10m platform双人十米跳台Synchronized diving from 3m spring board双人三米跳板Individual events个人赛Team events团体赛Athletics（田径）：Track径赛 Hurdle跨栏 Relay 接力110m hurdles,400m hurdles 110米栏，400米栏3,000m steeplechase 3000米障碍赛4x100 m relay, 4x400m relay 4×100米接力，4×400米接力 Jumping跳跃High jump跳高pole vault撑杆跳高long jump 跳远 (美语:broad jump)triple jump （hop step and jump）三级跳远triple jumpThrowing投掷Shot put推铅球discus掷铁饼hammer掷链球javelin标枪decathlon 十项全能Decathlon男子十项全能Heptathlon女子七项全能Road events公路赛marathon马拉松walk竞走race 跑middle-distance race 中长跑long-distance runner 长跑运动员sprint 短跑(美作:dash) cross-country race 越野Sprint 短跑Ball Games（球类运动）Badminton羽毛球Men’s Badminton Singles 男子羽毛球单打Women’s Badminton Doubles 女子羽毛球双打Mixed Badminton Doubles 羽毛球混合双打men's singles男子单打women's singles女子单打men's doubles男子双打women's doubles女子双打mixed doubles混合双打Women’s Table Tennis Singles 女子乒乓单打Men’s Table Tennis Doubles 男子乒乓球双打Baseball棒球Basketball篮球football(英语)/soccer(美语)---足球Handball手球Hockey/Field Hockey曲棍球Softball垒球Table Tennis乒乓球Tennis网球V olleyball排球Beach V olleyball沙滩排球（shuttlecock playing）毽球cricket---板球golf----高尔夫球polo---马球rugby---橄榄球water polo----水球Cycling（自行车）：Road cycling公路自行车赛Track cycling场地自行车赛sprint追逐赛time trial计时赛points race计分赛pursuit争先赛Mountain bike山地自行车赛Equestrian（马术）：Jumping障碍赛Dressage盛装舞步Even ting 三日赛Fencing（击剑）：Foil花剑Epee重剑Saber佩剑Gymnastics（体操）： Artistic Gymnastics竞技体操Floor Exercises自由体操Pommel Horse鞍马Rings吊环Vault跳马Parallel Bars双杠Horizontal Bar单杠Uneven Bars(asymmetrical bars)高低杠Balance Beam平衡木Rhythmic Gymnastics艺术体操Gymnastics Trampoline蹦床Trampoline 跳床屈体跳picked jump 山羊buck 足尖跑running on toes 高杠 high bar 肩倒立 shoulderstand 吊杠 hanging bar 侧空翻 side air spring吊环hand ring 规定动作required routine 蹦床 bounding table 平衡梯 balancing 体操凳gym benchModern Pentathlon（现代五项）：Shooting射击Fencing击剑Swimming游泳Riding马术Cross-country running越野跑Sailing（帆船）：Windsurfer men/women-Mistral one design男子/女子帆板米氏级 Single-handed Dinghy Women - Europe女子帆船欧洲级Single-handed Dinghy men - Finn男子帆船芬兰人级Single-handed Dinghy open - Laser激光级Double-handedDinghymen/women-470男子/女子帆船470级预赛Double-handedDinghyopen-49er49人级Multihull open - Tornado 龙卷风级Keelboat men - Star r男子星光级Keelboat women - Yngling女子索林级Shooting（射击）：10mairrifle10米气步枪10mairpistol10米气手枪Men's10mrunningtarget男子10米移动靶Men's50mrifleproneposition男子50米步枪卧射50mriflethreepositions50米步枪3种姿势Men's50mpistol男子50米手枪Women's25mpistol女子25米手枪Men's25mrapidfirepistol男子25米手枪速射Trap多向飞碟Double trap双多向飞碟Skeet双向飞碟Triathlon（铁人三项）：Swimming游泳Cycling自行车Running跑步Weightlifting（举重）：Snatch抓举Clean and jerk挺举Wrestling（摔跤）：Greece-Roman wrestling古典式摔跤freestyle自由式摔跤Rowing（赛艇）：Canoeing（皮划艇）jogging慢跑奥林匹克竞赛里的运动项目的英文名称bobsleigh, bobsled---雪橇downhill race---速降滑雪赛,滑降ice skating---滑冰figure skating---花样滑冰ski jump---跳高滑雪ski jumping competition---跳高滑雪比赛ski---滑雪板skiing---滑雪slalom---障碍滑雪roller skating----滑旱冰dragon-boat racing---赛龙船gymnastic apparatus----体操器械gymnastics----体操Women’s Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Finals 竞技体操女子个人全能决赛Women’s Artistic Gymnastics Team Finals 竞技体操女子团体 Women’s Artistic Gymnastics Beam 竞技体操女子自由体操hold, lock-----揪钮horizontal bar-----单杠parallel bars---双杠Men’s Artistic Gymnastics Parallel Bars 竞技体操男子双杠rings----吊环side horse, pommel horse---鞍马Women’s Artistic Gymnastics Uneven Bars 竞技体操女子跳马mat exercises---垫上运动trampoline---蹦床freestyle----自由式wall bars---肋木surfing---冲浪swimming----游泳yacht --- 游艇rowing-----划船sailing--帆船kayak----皮划艇beach---海滩boat race---赛艇canoe slalom---激流划船canoe---赛艇diving---跳水Men’s 10m Platform 男子10米跳台Women’s Diving Synchronized 10m Platform 女子10米跳台Women’s Diving 10m Platform 女子10米跳台Men’s Diving Synchronized 3m Springboard 男子3米跳板Women’s Diving 3m Springboard 女子3米跳板Men’s Diving Synchronized 10m Platform 跳水男子10米跳台Women’s Diving Synchronized 3m Springboardtaekwondo---跆拳道Women’s Taekwondo Over 67kg 女子67公斤级以上跆拳道Greece-Roman wrestling----古典式摔跤Men’s Wrestling Greco-Roman 58kg 男子58公斤古典摔交judo---柔道Women’s Judo Heavyweight +78kg 柔道女子重量级78公斤Women’s Judo Half-Heavy wt 78kg 女子次重量级78公斤级柔道Women’s Judo Half-Light wt 52kg 女子次轻量级52公斤柔道wrestling --- 摔跤fencing---击剑Men’s Fencing Team Foil 击剑男子团体花剑Women’s Fencing Team Epee 击剑女子团体重剑boxing---拳击Archery---箭术shooting---射击Men’s Shooting 10m Running Target 射击男子10米移动靶Women’s Shooting 25m Pistol 射击女子25米运动手枪Men’s Shooting 10m Air Pistol 男子10米气手枪Women’s Shooting 10m Air Rifle 女子10米气步枪Women’s Shooting 10m Air Pistol 女子10米气枪weightlifting ---举重weights ---重量级Men’s Weightlifting 56kg 男子56公斤级挺举Women’s Weightlifting 53kg 举重女子53公斤级抓举Women’s Weightlifting 63kg 女子63公斤级挺举举重Women’s Weightlifting 69kg 女子69公斤级抓举举重Men’s Weightlifting 77kg 举重男子77公斤级抓举Women’s Weightlifting 75+ kg 举重女子75公斤以上级抓举jumping----障碍hurdles; hurdle race----跨栏比赛relay race; relay---接力walking; walking race---竞走Women’s Athletics 20km Walk 女子20公里竟走cycling---自行车Women’s Cycling Track 500m Time Trial 运动场自行车赛女子500米计时赛mountain bike---山地车gliding ---滑翔运动equestrian---骑马chess---象棋trapeze---秋千triathlon---铁人三项tug-of-war---拔河dressage---盛装舞步shuttlecock kicking---踢毽子indoor---室内modern pentathlon---现代五项运动qigong; breathing exercises---气功relative work---造型跳伞track---赛道inter sports -----冬季运动足球词汇coach 教练head coach 主教练football player 足球运动员referee 裁判lineman 巡边员captain / leader 队长forward / striker 前锋midfielder 前卫left midfielder 左前卫right midfielder 右前卫attacking midfielder 攻击型前卫（前腰）defending midfielder 防守型前卫（后腰）center forward 中锋full back 后卫center back 中后卫left back 左后卫right back 右后卫sweeper 清道夫，拖后中卫goalkeeper / goalie 守门员cheer team 拉拉队篮球词汇球场－court前锋－forwards后卫－guards中锋－center后场－backcourt前场－frontcourt组织后卫－point guard得分后卫－shooting guard 大前锋－power forward小前锋－small forward篮框－rim, basket争球－jump ball攻方－offense守方－defense计时器－shot clock打成平分－tie加时赛－overtime（OT）运球－dribbling身前快速运球－speed双手交替运球－crossover 身后运球－behind-the-back腿间运球－between－the－leg 转身运球－spin传球－pass胸部传球－chest反弹传球－bounce跳投－jump shot勾手投篮－hook shot投篮命中率－field goals三分球命中率－3-point罚球－foul shot罚球线－free throw line篮板－rebound攻方篮板－off. rebounds助攻－assists内线得分－points in paint暂停－time－out卡位－screens人盯人－men－to－ men defense 区域防守－zone defense盖帽－blocking失误－turnovers撞人犯规－charging阻挡犯规－holding推人犯规－pushing技术犯规－technical offence（fouls）大力传球－baseball－type身后传球－behind－the－back投篮方式－shooting form直接篮下得分－layup大力灌篮－the dunk shotacrobatic gymnastics---技巧运动athletics/track & field---田径beach---海滩boat race---赛艇bobsleigh, bobsled---雪橇boxing---拳击canoe slalom---激流划船canoe---赛艇chess---象棋cricket---板球cycling---自行车diving---跳水downhill race---速降滑雪赛,滑降dragon-boat racing---赛龙船dressage---盛装舞步equestrian---骑马fencing---击剑figure skating---花样滑冰football(英语)/soccer(美语)---足球freestyle----自由式gliding; sailplane---滑翔运动golf----高尔夫球Greece-Roman wrestling----古典式摔跤gymnastic apparatus----体操器械gymnastics----体操handball-----手球hockey----曲棍球hold, lock-----揪钮horizontal bar-----单杠hurdles; hurdle race----跨栏比赛ice skating---滑冰indoor---室内item Archery---箭术judo---柔道jumping----障碍kayak----皮划艇mat exercises---垫上运动modern pentathlon---现代五项运动mountain bike---山地车parallel bars---双杠polo---马球qigong; breathing exercises---气功relative work---造型跳伞relay race; relay---接力rings----吊环roller skating----滑旱冰rowing-----划船rugby---橄榄球sailing--帆船shooting---射击side horse, pommel led horse---鞍马ski jump---跳高滑雪ski jumping competition---跳高滑雪比赛ski---滑雪板skiing---滑雪slalom---障碍滑雪softball---垒球surfing---冲浪swimming----游泳table tennis---乒乓球taekwondo---跆拳道tennis----网球track---赛道trampoline---蹦床trapeze---秋千triathlon---铁人三项tug-of-war---拔河volleyball---排球badminton---羽毛球baseball---棒球basketball---篮球walking; walking race---竞走wall bars---肋木water polo----水球weightlifting ---举重weights ---重量wrestling --- 摔交yacht --- 游艇boat race---赛艇bobsleigh, bobsled---雪橇boxing---拳击canoe slalom---激流划船cricket---板球cycling---自行车diving---跳水downhill race---速降滑雪赛,滑降dragon-boat racing---赛龙船equestrian---骑马fencing---击剑figure skating---花样滑冰football(英语)/soccer(美语)---足球golf----高尔夫球gymnastics----体操handball-----手球hockey----曲棍球hold, lock-----揪钮horizontal bar-----单杠hurdles; hurdle race----跨栏比赛shuttlecock kicking---踢毽子ice skating---滑冰item Archery---箭术judo---柔道jumping----障碍kayak----皮划艇mountain bike---山地车parallel bars---双杠polo---马球relative work---造型跳伞relay race; relay---接力rings----吊环roller skating----滑旱冰rowing-----划船rugby---橄榄球sailing--帆船shooting---射击side horse, pommel led horse---鞍马ski jump---跳高滑雪ski jumping competition---跳高滑雪比赛skiing---滑雪slalom---障碍滑雪softball---垒球taekwondo---跆拳道trampoline---蹦床trapeze---秋千triathlon---铁人三项tug-of-war---拔河volleyball---排球badminton---羽毛球baseball---棒球basketball---篮球walking; walking race---竞走wall bars---肋木water polo----水球weightlifting ---举重winter sports -----冬季运动wrestling ---摔跤yacht ---游艇vault--跳马football, soccer, Association football 足球field, pitch 足球场midfield 中场kick-off circle 中圈half-way line 中线football, eleven 足球队football player 足球运动员goalkeeper, goaltender, goalie 守门员back 后卫left 左后卫right back 右后卫centre half back 中卫half back 前卫left half back 左前卫right half back 右前卫forward 前锋centre forward, centre 中锋inside left forward, inside left 左内锋inside right forward, inside right 右内锋outside left forward, outside left 左边锋outside right forward, outside right 右边锋kickoff 开球bicycle kick, overhead kick 倒钩球chest-high ball 平胸球corner ball, corner 角球goal kick 球门球ground ball, grounder 地面球hand ball 手触球header 头球penalty kick 点球spot kick 罚点球free kick 罚任意球throw-in 掷界外球ball handling 控制球block tackle 正面抢截body check 身体阻挡fair charge 合理冲撞close-marking defense 钉人防守close pass, short pass 短传consecutive passes 连续传球deceptive movement 假动作diving header 鱼跃顶球flying header 跳起顶球dribbling 盘球finger-tip save （守门员）托救球clean catching （守门员）跳球抓好flank pass 边线传球high lobbing pass 高吊传球scissor pass 交叉传球volley pass 凌空传球triangular pass 三角传球rolling pass, ground pass 滚地传球slide tackle 铲球clearance kick 解除危险的球to shoot 射门grazing shot 贴地射门close-range shot 近射long drive 远射mishit 未射中offside 越位to pass the ball 传球to take a pass 接球spot pass 球传到位to trap 脚底停球to intercept 截球to break through, to beat 带球过人to break loose 摆脱to control the midfield 控制中场to disorganize the defense 破坏防守to fall back 退回to set a wall 筑人墙to set the pace 掌握进攻节奏to ward off an assault 击退一次攻势to break up an attack 破坏一次攻势ball playing skill 控球技术total football 全攻全守足球战术open football 拉开的足球战术off-side trap 越位战术wing play 边锋战术shoot-on-sight tactics 积极的抢射战术time wasting tactics 拖延战术Brazilian formation 巴西阵式， 4-2-4 阵式four backs system 四后卫制four-three-three formation 4-3-3 阵式four-two-four formation 4-2-4 阵式red card 红牌（表示判罚出场）yellow card 黄牌（表示警告）11.Baseball and Softball 棒球和垒球baseball 棒球baseball field, baseball ground 棒球场softball 垒球softball field, softball ground 垒球场infield, diamond 内场outfield 外场fair territory 界内地区foul territory 界外地区foul line 边线base line 垒间线base 垒bag 垒垫, 垒包home base 本垒first base 一垒second base 二垒third base 三垒home plate 本垒板pitcher's plate 投手板pitcher's mound （棒球）投手土墩pitcher's circle （垒球）投手圈batter's box 击球员区on deck circle 击球员准备区catcher's box 接手区coacher's box 跑垒指导员区bench, dug-out 队员席bull-pen 候补投手练习区glove 手套, 分指手套milt 合指手套bat 球棒mask 护面chest protector 护胸leg protector 护腿supporter 护裆helmet 护帽baseball player 棒球运动员softball player 垒球运动员pitcher 投手catcher 接手fielder 守场员baseman 守垒员infielder 内场手first baseman 一垒手second baseman 二垒手third baseman 三垒手shortstop 游击手outfielder 外场手batter, hitter 击球员base-runner 跑垒员batter-runner 击跑员relief pitcher 候援投手designated hitter (DH) 指名击球员coacher 跑垒指导员manager 总教练plate umpire 司球裁判员base umpire 司垒裁判员inning 局次visiting team 先攻队home team 后攻队offensive team 攻队defensive team 守队pitching 投手投球windup position （棒球投手）正面投球法set up position （棒球投手）侧身投球法sling shot （垒球投手）后摆投球法wind mill （垒球投手）绕环投球法8 figure （垒球投手）8字投球法throwing 传球catching 接球fielding 防守batting, hitting 击球base running 跑垒stealing 偷垒sliding 滑垒strike zone 好球区fair ball 界内球foul ball 界外球illegal pitch 不合法投球illegally batted ball 不合法击球bunt 触击球foul tip 擦棒球bunting 触击swing 挥击ground ball, grounder 地滚球liner, line drive 平直球fly ball 腾空球hit, safety hit 安全打one base hit 一垒打two base hit 二垒打three base hit 三垒打home run, homer 本垒打sacrifice hit 牺牲打sacrifice bunt 牺牲触击sacrifice fly 牺牲腾空球squeeze bunt 抢分触击run and hit, hit and run 击跑配合战术safe 安全上垒base on balls 四球安全上垒struck-out 三击出局run, score 得分batting order 击球次序wild pitch （投手）暴投pick-off （投手）牵制跑垒员的传球balk （棒球）投手犯规put-out 接杀out, down, away 出局touch out 触杀force out 封杀assist 助杀run down 夹杀double play, double kill 双杀triple play, triple kill 三杀wild throw 野传球passed ball 接手漏接球ball in play, live ball 继续比赛, 活球ball not in play, dead ball 死球cover 补位back up 策应cut-off 拦接play shallow 近迫防守play deep 后撤防守appeal play 申诉行为called game 有效比赛forfeited game 比赛弃权batting average 安打率fielding average 防守率earned run 投手责任失分complete game 无安打无得分获胜12.Wrestling 搏击类竞技Greek-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤wrestler 摔跤运动员standing wrestling 站立摔on-the-ground wrestling 跪撑摔bridge 角力桥free style wrestling 自由式摔跤bar arm with grapevine 锁臂缠腿double leg lock 抱单腿拦腿摔13. Boxing 拳击boxer 拳击运动员boxing glove 拳击手套boxing shoe 拳击鞋infighting 近战straight punch 直拳uppercut 上钩拳right hook 右钩拳foul 犯规punch bag 沙袋punch ball 沙球boxing match 拳击比赛referee 裁判员boxing ring 拳击台rope 围绳winner 胜利者loser by a knockout 被击败出局者timekeeper 计时员boxing weights 拳击体重级别light flyweight 48公斤级, 次特轻量级flyweight 51公斤级, 特轻量级bantamweight 54公斤级, 最轻量级featherweight 57公斤级, 次轻量级lightweight 60公斤级, 轻量级light welterweight 63.5公斤级, 轻中量级welterweight 67公斤级, 次中量级light middleweight 71公斤级, 中量级middleweight 75公斤级, 次重量级light heavyweight 81公斤级, 重量级heavyweight 81以上公斤级, 最重量级14 Basketball 篮球英语球场－court前锋－forwards后卫－guards中锋－center后场－backcourt前场－frontcourt得分后卫－point guard组织后卫－shooting guard 大前锋－power forward小前锋－small forward篮框－rim, basket争球－jump ball攻方－offense守方－defense计时器－shot clock打成平分－tie加时赛－overtime（OT）运球－dribbling身前快速运球－speed双手交替运球－crossover 身后运球－behind-the-back腿间运球－between－the－leg 转身运球－spin传球－pass胸部传球－chest反弹传球－bounce过顶传球－overhead大力传球－baseball－type身后传球－behind－the－back 投篮方式－shooting form直接篮下得分－layup大力灌篮－the dunk shot跳投－jump shot勾手投篮－hook shot投篮命中率－field goals（FGs）三分球命中率－3-point FGs罚球－foul shot罚球线－free throw line篮板－rebound攻方篮板－off. Rebounds助攻－assists内线得分－points in paint暂停－time－out卡位－screens人盯人－men－to－ men defense区域防守－zone defense盖帽－blocking失误－turnovers撞人犯规－charging阻挡犯规－holding推人犯规－pushing技术犯规－technical offence（fouls）常规赛－regular season季后赛－playoff。