毕业论文答辩PPT (1)

literature AND understood it
– Seek out most current literature as well as older works, identify differences over time
– Show what different points of view can be found in literature
• Just because something is ‘statistical’ or quantitative doesn’t make it ‘true’
• But it needs to be justified more if it is qualitative
In research - evidence of what?
‘Chief planning officer or local resident (female)’ • Explain how you got them, which groups did you go to for contacts etc? • Show the sample questionnaire if you have used one • Show interview pro-forma or guide sheet • Explain sample sizes and how these were arrived at in terms of your over all
• Bringing these different forms of evidence together is known as ‘Triangulation’
Triangulation
• The term derives from surveying, map making, map reading
• Evidence comes in many forms (statements or quotes from interviews; literature; statistics; visual image) .
• The mor you can use, the better.
‘Evidence’ and Triangulation
Making an argument
• “A collective series of statements to establish a definite proposition” (The Monty Python definition)
Triangulation
You need to show evidence at 2 different levels: • Evidence of thorough, robust research process –
in your methodology
– To show you did the work properly and in the best way possible given constraints
• Evidence to support your findings
– To show that your arguments and conclusions are not just based on your speculation but on clear facts and findings
Evidence of robust research process
• No one can trust your ‘findings’ if they don’t trust the way you got them!
• Give good quality, relevant details of your case studies etc. • Show how many interviews etc. • Do not give people’s names but do give their positions or relevant description e.g.
– How do they agree and or conflict – Cite it throughout your work, not simply in the
literature review – Reference it in the bibliography
Evidence of your findings
• An academic argument isn’t about winning
– It offers an analysis – It relies on evidence
Evidencing social science research
• There are lies, dammed lies and statistics!
• When you are claiming a ‘finding’ or making a statement about what you have found you MUST substantiate it with EVIDENCE. That is, relate it back to the data (primary or secondary)
population
• If these things are poor, then the findings will be poor
• Remember to justify everything you did
Evidence of reading
• Literature underpins good research • Show evidence of having explored a full range of