广外英教0809学年第一学期期末考试a卷

广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院《英语阅读》08--09学年度第一学期期末考试试题A卷考核对象：教育系（或学院）08级考试时间：60分钟Section A Reading (1’×25=25’)Directions:In this section there is one selection followed by 25 questions. Write the answers on the Answer Sheet.What's Your Best Time of Day?1Every fall, Jane, a young mother and part-time librarian, begins to eat more and often feels sleepy. Her mood is also darker, especially when she awakens in the morning; it takes all her energy just to drag herself out of bed. These symptoms persist until April, when warmer weather and longer days seem to lighten her mood and alleviate her cravings for food and sleep.2Joseph, a 48-year-old engineer for a Midwestern computer company feels cranky early in the morning. But as the day progresses, he becomes friendlier and more accommodating.3All living organisms, from mollusks to men and women, exhibit biological rhythms. Some are short and can be measured in minutes or hours. Others last days or months. The peaking of body temperature, which occurs in most people every evening, is a daily rhythm. The menstrual cycle is a monthly rhythm. The increase in sexual drive in the autum n —not in the spring, as poets would have us believe —is a seasonal or yearly, rhythm.4The idea that our bodies are in constant flux is fairly new —and goes against traditional medical training. In the past, many doctors were taught to believe the body has a relatively stable, or homeostatic, internal environment. Any fluctuations were considered random and not meaningful enough to be studied.5As early as the 1940s, however, some scientists questioned the homeostatic view of the body. Franz Halberg, a young European scientist working in the United States, noticed that the number of white blood cells in laboratory mice wasdramatically higher and lower at different times of day. Gradually, such research spread to the study of other rhythms in other life forms, and the findings were sometimes startling. For example, the time of day when a person receives X-ray or drug treatment for cancer can affect treatment benefits and ultimately mean the difference between life and death.6This new science is called chronobiology, and the evidence supporting it has become increasingly persuasive. Along the way, the scientific and medical communities are beginning to rethink their ideas about how the human body works, and gradually what has been considered a minor science just a few years ago is being studied in major universities and medical centers around the world. There are even chronobiologists working for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, as well as for the National Institutes of Health and other government laboratories.7With their new findings, they are teaching us things that can literally change our lives —by helping us organize ourselves so we can work with our natural rhythms rather than against them. This can enhance our outlook on life as well as our performance at work and play.8Because they are easy to detect and measure, more is known of daily —or circadian (Latin for "about a day") —rhythms than other types. The most obvious daily rhythm is the sleep/wake cycle. But there are other daily cycles as well: temperature, blood pressure, hormone levels. Amid these and the body's other changing rhythms, you are simply a different person at 9 A.M. than you are at 3 P.M. How you feel, how well you work, your level of alertness, your sensitivity to taste and smell, the degree with which you enjoy food or take pleasure in music —all are changing throughout the day.9Most of us seem to reach our peak of alertness around noon. Soon after that, alertness declines, and sleepiness may set in by midafternoon.10Your short-term memory is best during the morning-in fact, about 15 percent more efficient than at any other time of day. So, students, take heed: when faced with a morning exam, it really does pay to review your notes right before the test is given.11Long-term memory is different. Afternoon is the best time for learning material that you want to recall days, weeks or months later. Politicians, business executives or others who must learn speeches would be smart to do their memorizing during that time of day. If you are a student, you would be wise to schedule your more difficult classes in the afternoon, rather than in the morning. You should also try to do most of your studying in the afternoon, rather than late at night. Many students believe they memorize better while burning the midnight oil because their short-term recall is better during the wee hours of the morning than in the afternoon. But short-term memory won't help them much several days later, when they face the exam.12By contrast, we tend to do best on cognitive tasks —things that require the juggling of words and figures in one's head during the morning hours. This might be a good time, say, to balance a checkbook.13Your manual dexterity —the speed and coordination with which you perform complicated tasks with your hands-peaks during the afternoon hours. Such work as carpentry, typing or sewing will be a little easier at this time of day.141What about sports? 2During afternoon and early evening, your coordination is at its peak, and you're able to react the quickest to an outside stimulus —like a baseball speeding toward you at home plate. 3Studies have also shown that late in the day, when your body temperature is peaking, you will perceive a physical workout to be easier and less fatiguing —whether it actually is or not. 4That means you are more likely to work harder during a late-afternoon or early-evening workout, and therefore benefit more from it. 5Studies involving swimmers, runners, shot-putters and rowing crews have shown consistently that performance is better in the evening than in the morning.15In fact, all of your senses —taste, sight, hearing, touch and smell —may be at their keenest during late afternoon and early evening. That could be why dinner usually tastes better to us than breakfast and why bright lights irritate us at night.16Even our perception of time changes from hour to hour. Not only does time seem to fly when you're having fun, but it also seems to fly even faster if you are having that fun in the late afternoon or early evening, when your body temperature is also peaking.17While all of us follow the same general pattern of ups and downs, the exact timing varies from person to person. It all depends on how your "biological" day is structured —how much of a morning or night person you are. The earlier your biological day gets going, the earlier you are likely to enter —and exit —the peak times for performing various tasks. An extreme morning person and an extreme night person may have circadian cycles that are a few hours apart.18Each of us can increase our knowledge about our individual rhythms. Learn how to listen to the inner beats of your body; let them set the pace of your day. You will live a healthier —and happier —life. As no less an authority than the Bible tells us, "To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under heaven." Understanding What You Have Read:1. The thesis of this selection is stated most directly in the sentence(s) __________of paragraph __________. (Write the numbers on the blank lines.)2. The main idea of the opening paragraph about Jane is __________A. stated in the first sentence.B. stated in the second sentence.C. stated in the third sentence.D. implied only.3. The main idea of paragraph 8 is __________A. in the first sentence of that paragraph.B. in the third sentence.C. in the last sentence.D. only implied.4. The most important detail about Franz Halberg is that he __________A. was young.B. was European, even though he worked in the United States.C. worked with the white blood cells of laboratory mice.D. noticed changes in white blood cell count that depended on the time of day.5. Most of us are alert __________A. in the morning.B. around noon.C. late in the afternoon.D. in the winter.6. Which of the following is not at a peak during the late afternoon and earlyevening?A. senses of sight and smellB. athletic performanceC. cognitive abilityD. sense of time passing rapidly7. Paragraph 11 follows a pattern of __________A. listing of details.B. cause and effect.C. classification.D. comparison and contrast.8. Paragraphs 11 and 12 are related by __________A. cause and effect.B. time order.C. order of importance.D. contrast.9. Read Paragraph 14 carefully and fill in the blanks with the sentence number. (3points)Main idea: (1)________Major supporting details: (2)________ Minor supporting details: (3)_______10. We can NOT properly conclude from this selection that __________A. Daily patterns of mood change are to be expected.B. Body temperature seems to be related to keenness of the senses and perceptionof time.C. Traditional medical beliefs about the body being a homeostatic system areincorrect.D. People tend to be more thoughtful in the morning but mentally quicker in theafternoon.11. Which of the following activities would you most likely perform best during themorning?A. knittingB. doing a crossword puzzleC. watching basketballD. taking a nap12. The purpose of this selection is to __________A. help the reader live more healthfully, happily, and successfully.B. amuse the reader.C. persuade the reader to support chronobiological research.D. make the reader distrust doctors who have a homeostatic view of biology.13. The tone of the selection is __________A. ironic and bitter.B. matter-of-fact and helpful.C. pompous and overly serious.D. technical and cool.14. The authors write from the point of view of __________A. chronobiologists arguing for their work.B. people who have suffered from not understanding their biological rhythmsproperly.C. ordinary people who are unfamiliar with scientific research.D. ordinary people who have studied the scientific research on chronobiology. Vocabulary(For each of the underlined words, four choices are given. Choose the one that best explains or defines the underlined part.)15.these symptoms persist until April (para. 1)A.a sign of the existence of a serious problemB. a sign that represents a particular qualityC. a sudden change in something or level of somethingD.a sign or an indication of disorder or disease16.alleviate her cravings for food and sleep (para. 1)A.to easeB.to increaseC.to spoilD.to interfere in17.the body has a relatively stable, or homeostatic, internal environment (para. 4)A.continuousB.steadyC.sensitiveD.inactive18.this new science is called chronobiology(para. 8)A.the biological study of the nervous system or any part of itB.the study of the biological determinants of social behavior, based on thetheory that such behavior is often genetically transmitted and subject to evolutionary processesC.the study of the effects of time and rhythmical phenomena on life processesD.the study of the biological foundations of the mind, emotions, and mentalprocesses19.you’re able to react the quickest to an outside stimulus(para. 14)A.something that encourages a process to develop more quicklyB.something that produces a reaction in living thingsC.something that causes a change in a plant, animal, or personD.something that increases physical or mental activity and alertnessSection B Vocabulary (1’×18=18’)(I) (0.5’×18 = 9’)Directions:Complete the following table. Write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(II) (1’×9 = 9’)Directions:Choose the most appropriate words from the above table and use their right forms to complete the following sentences. Write the answers on the Answer Sheet.1.He had a ___________ look when he heard that they got married three days afterthey met.2.It is a ___________ that these young should be treated like this after all they havedone for their country.3.The road twisted its way up the mountain then ___________ out for the last twohundred yards.4.The problem is that what she says doesn’t ___________ with what she does.5.Since childhood Jim has been told by his father, “If you’re going to fail, fail___________. Never be a coward!”6.We were ___________ to have brought goods into the country illegally.7.This ___________ musical transports the audience to the innocent days of 19thcentury Europe.8.There is wide national consensus that ___________ peace can be achieved only ifall the armed rebel groups are included in the negotiations.9.He showed ___________ to his enemies and let them live.10.The rules state that samples must be ___________ in two watertight containers.广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院《英语阅读》08--09学年度第一学期期末考试试题A卷答题卡考核对象：教育系（或学院）08级班级：姓名：学号：分数：Section A Reading(1’×22=22’)Score ____________ 评卷人__________ 复查人__________1. Sentence(s) _________ of Paragraph ________2.__________3.__________4.___________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.(1)________ 9.(2)________ 9.(3)________10._________ 11._________ 12._________ 13._________ 14._________ 15._________ 16._________ 17._________ 18._________ 19._________Section B Vocabulary(18’) Score ____________ 评卷人__________ 复查人__________(I) (0.5’×16=8’)1. _____________2. _____________3. _____________4. _____________5. _____________6. _____________7. _____________8. _____________9. _____________ 10. ____________ 11. ____________ 12. ____________ 13. ____________ 14. ____________ 15. ____________ 16. ____________(II) (1’×10=10’)1. _____________2. _____________3. _____________4. _____________5. _____________6. _____________7. _____________8. _____________9. _____________ 10. ____________。