英语专业四级语法辅导1
专四辅导-语法
2).提议,建议,命令,要求或惊奇,惶惑,怀疑,不满等 意义的词。 advise, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, resolve, suggest, urge, expect, believe, suspect, beg, command, decide, demand, think, deserve, desire, determine, direct, insist, intend, maintain, move etc. 3).虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中 4)在It’s time/ It’s about time/It’s high time (that); would rather (sooner, as soon)后的句子中用过去式表示虚拟。 5)由as if, as though, even if, even though, if only, in order that, so that, lest, for fear that, in case, whatever, whoever, however, no matter what等词引导的状语从句中需要虚拟 语气。 6)Wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,从句动词用过去时态或 过去将来时态 7)混合式虚拟条件句
Such 的意义一般要有that或as引导的分句来表示 1) such that +分句 分句 His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
2) such as + to不定式 不定式 The situation is such as to demand your immediate attention. The brilliance of his satires was ___ make even his victims B laugh. (1996.52) A. so as to B. such as to C. so that D. such that “such as to”意为“是这样以致”;其中such 为代词,在 句中做表语。 “so as to”以便…,以致…,so为副词,不可做表语。 “so that”引导一个从句; “such that”(这样的以致于)引导一个从句。 3) Such as +分句 分句 The case is not such as can be easily settled.
(完整word版)专四语法第1节-语法基本概念
第一节语法基本概念一单词句子都是由单词组成的。
英语单词可根据词类或词性(Parts of Speech)分类如下:名词 Noun 代词Pronoun动词Verb 形容词Adjective数词 Numeral 副词 Adverb实词Notional Word冠词Article 介词Preposition连词Conjunction 感叹词Interjection虚词Form Word二短语具有一定意义但不构成从句或句子的一组词,叫做短语(Phrase)。
短语的种类很多,除了名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语外,还有不定式短语(Gerundial Phrase)、分词短语(Participial Phrase)、介词短语(Prepositional Phrase)、独立短语(Absolute Phrase)等。
三句子谓语动词是句子的必要成分之一。
由于动词有5种不同的种类,故构成5种不同的基本剧情(Basic Patterns of Sentences)。
1.主语+谓语动词(不及物动词)Every minute counts. 分秒必争。
2.主语+谓语动词(及物动词)+宾语You should look out for pickpockets. 你应当提防扒手。
3.主语+系动词+表语Truth is the daughter of time. 时间见真理。
4.主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the dictionary. 请把字典递给我。
5.主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补语All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只用功不玩耍,聪明的孩子也变傻。
四句子成分必须的成分:主语、谓语可能有的成分:宾语、补语、修饰语(定语、状语、同位语)1.主语(1)主语(Subject)一般在句子开头,是句子的“陈述对象”,通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。
英语专业四级考试语法精讲[1]
英语专业四级考试—语法精讲虚拟语气第一部分:概述虚拟语气类型(宾语从句;状语从句;名词性从句(主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句);定语从句;特殊类型(感叹句);省略if 的虚拟法(倒装))ExamplesThe rapid change of society requires that college students adapt to the world outside campus by getting to know the society.I would rather that you did nothing for the time being.I wish that I were a student again.I wished that I had followed his suggestion.名词性从句中的虚拟主语从句(it is +adj./p.p that)同位语从句(The +n. that )表语从句(n. +be that)省略if 的虚拟法(倒装)(1)虚拟语气中如果从句引导词if / whether 省略,从句中需要倒装,提前助动词(系动词)或情态动词。
Eg. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not be able to have the sports meeting.=Should it rain tomorrow, we should not be able to have the sports meeting.省略if 的虚拟法(倒装)(2)Eg. Whether it (may) be fine or rainy, we would have the sports meeting. =Be it fine or rainy, we would have the sports meeting.If she had been given more information, she could have answered the questions.=Had she been given more information, she could have answered the questions.第二部分详解&总结虚拟语气的动词标志―insist, suggest, require, request, demand, propose, prefer, maintain, move,urge, recommend, command, order‖等动词表“建议、愿望”时,其后宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
英语专业四级语法精讲【经典推荐】
6)条件状语从句 常用来引导条件状语从句的关联词有if, unless(除非),when(如果),suppose, supposing,given that(假定,给出), on condition that,as/so long as等。 You will succeed in the end unless you give up halfway. “So long as we don't understand it too well, every other language is poetry”
5)结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有:that,so that(从句 中不带情态动词),so…that(如此……以 致……),such…that…(如此……以致……)。 We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. (such是形容词,后接名词短语) The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. (so是副词,后接形容词或副 词短语)
When /while When 表示“当… 的时候”,指的是一个时间点 (段)的动作;while表示“在… 的同时”,只能 表示持续性的动作或状态,不能表示一段时间的或 短暂的动作。 While Tom was reading, Jack was writing. When he finished his speech, the audience burst into applause.
1)时间状语从句 常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, every time, immediately, no sooner … than…, hardly/ scarcely…when A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners‘ curiosity until her reaches the end of the story. He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation before it got worse. I gave her the money you owed her the moment I saw her. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
英语专四考试语法辅导
英语专四考试语法辅导引导语:下面为大家带来英语专四考试语法辅导,希望能够帮助大家更好去备考,祝您阅读愉快。
1. affection for/towards 爱,喜欢,如:Yearby year their affection for each other grew stronger.他们相爱逐年加深.He felt great affection for his sister.他很疼他的妹妹.2. answer to ……的答案,如:The answer to his problem was staring him in the face.他那个问题的答案是明摆著的。
Do you know the answer to this question?你知道这道题的答案吗?3. anxiety for sth 渴望,如:His anxiety for knowledge is to be praised.他对知识的渴应该受到称赞。
4. apology to sb for sth 抱歉,如:He made an apology to me for hurting my feelings.他因伤害了我的感情而向我抱歉。
At last we convicted him of his errors and made him offer an apology to her.我们终于使他认识到自己的过失而且还让他身她道了歉。
5. appeal to sb for sth 恳求,呼吁,如:The pany is prepared to trade off its up-market image against a stronger appeal to teenage buyers.该公司拟改变只售高档商品的形像, 以吸引青少年顾客.His lawyer decided to take an appeal to a higher court.他的律师决定向高一级法院上诉。
专业四级考试词汇语法详解-1
专业四级考试词汇语法详解-1试题答案与解析1.b)「句意」家中的每个人都欺侮她,叫她做所有的家务,她真是个灰姑娘。
「难点」cinderella源于童话《灰姑娘》,现已成为专有名词。
2.c)「句意」空气对于我们来说就像水对于鱼一样。
「难点」固定句型aitobwhatcitod.3.a)「句意」无论问题多么麻烦,他都耐心地去面对。
「难点」however=nomatterhow,意为“不管…”。
4.d)「句意」彼得非常生气,并说他很讨厌他们说话。
「难点」bbetiredofdoingth意为“某人厌倦做某事”。
5.d)「句意」若天气允许的话,野餐将如期进行。
「难点」“weatherpermitting”作为独立结构,意为“如果天气允许的话”,也可以用“ifweatherpermit”。
6.b)「句意」我们很遗憾地通知你,你的订单已经过期。
「难点」“weregrettoinformyou”意为“我们很遗憾地通知你”。
7.d)「句意」既然你是个大学老师,你大概不得不在七、八月份休假。
「难点」nowthat=ince,意为“既然”。
8.a)「句意」他没有理由卷入这件事情。
「难点」getting为get的现在分词形式,与mi某edup构成现在分词短语,修饰buine,作定语。
9.b)「句意」每个人都要遵守规则,主任也不例外。
「难点」but=e某cept,notbut意为“不除……之外”。
10.a)「句意」岩石的纹理结构被描述为“像糖”。
「难点」bedecribeda意为“被形容为”。
11.a)「句意」儿童饿死这一话题太无情,不该拿来开玩笑。
「难点」grim意为“无情的,冷酷的,可怕的”;grief是名词,意为“悲伤,悲痛”;hre wd意为“机灵的,精明的”;nobbih意为“势力的,媚上欺下的”。
12.c)「句意」我们不能对这些反对意见不予理睬。
「难点」hrugoff意为“对…满不在乎,对…不屑一顾”;wardoff意为“避开,挡开,避免”;layoff意为“停止打扰;不理会;戒绝”;hakeoff意为“抖落,摆脱”。
英语 专业四级 词汇语法辅导
第一讲:分词独立结构1.分词作状语时的逻辑主语少数情况下,其逻辑主语与句子主语不一致,分词用来修饰全句。
Judging from appearance, he seems to be a strong man. (=If we judge…) Generally speaking, the novel is not very inspiring.上述结构只限于为数不多的几个动词,比如:broadly speaking; considering; talking of; putting it mildly(说得客气一点); regarding(touching, respecting) the plan(关于这个计划); including…; pending the trial(在审讯期间); excluding the captain(不包括船长); barring accidents(若无意外); granting that(即使); strictly speaking; comparatively speaking; roughly speaking; calculating roughly; calculating strictly; taking all things into consideration(从各方面来说); properly speaking等。
一般情况下,作状语的分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
2.分词的独立结构作状语的分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致,分词就应有自己的逻辑主语,这就构成了分词的独立结构。
独立结构一般在句首,也可在句尾,表伴随情况常在句尾。
其结构由逻辑主语(名词、代词)+分词构成,可表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
在独立结构中,其逻辑主语可以是分词动作的执行者,也可是承受着;可以是现在分词,也可是过去分词,还可是分词的完成式或被动式。
1)逻辑主语+现在分词:这种结构表示主动意义。
英语专业四级语法复习点(一)
英语语法考点串讲(一)专四英语语法考点串讲之一:虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气省略if,从句的语序用倒装,即将were, had或should移至主语的前面,但否定词not 不前移。
1、与过去事实相反:从句sb had done,主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done;1. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get2. He would have finished his college education, but he ____to quit and find a job to support his family.2007A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have3.___, he would not have recovered so quickly.2005/1995A. Hadn't he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of4. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.2004/1996A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying5. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2004/2000A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.2002A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not7. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.1998a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given8. I was to have made a speech if___.1997A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away9. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 1996A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had10. We could ___him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.1995A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided11. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized12. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded.1992A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for13. If you _____ in such a hurry you sugar into the sauce instead of salt.1992A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put14. "Did you hear of his death?'"Yes. If he ___ in time, he ___.‖1990A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died2、与现在事实相反:从句sb did(were),主句sb would(should, could, might)+do;1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. ―You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,‖ I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better thanI can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were4. If I knew Japanese , I ______ for the position.1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied3、与将来事实相反:从句sb did (should+do或were+to do),主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。
英语专业四级考试语法复习资料大全
一、考纲要求及语法知识常考点(一)动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法2. 动词的语态1) 不能用于被动语态的动词和短语(1)在英语中,不及物动词不能用于被动语态,但有些不及物动词(包括短语)容易引起误用。
如:appear, belong to, die, escape, fall, happen, last, succeed, occur, take place, consist of。
Our success belongs to all the people present. 我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。
(2)某些表示状态或特征的及物动词,如:become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态。
2) 少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思(专业四级英语重要考点)例1:The book is selling remarkably well.这本书卖得很好例2:The song sounds very beautiful. 这首歌听起来很优美。
能这样用的动词还有read(读起来),clean(擦起来),wash(洗起来),write(写起来)。
例3:My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).能像need这样用的动词还有:want, require, deserve等。
例4:The meat is cooking.例5:The shop doesn’t open(营业)on Sunday. 试比较:The door was opened by Tom.3) 注意几个基本句型.(专业四级英语重要考点)It is said …(据说).,It is reported …(据报道), It is widely believed(人们广泛认为); It is expected …(据期望,应该)It is estimated…. ( 据估计), It was said…, It was believed … It was thought …( 以前人们认为...)。
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
• 2.Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, ____ for Europe this afternoon.(2004—51)
一般现在时
• 考点三:在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +宾语从句, 从句用一般现在时代 替一般将来时。
For example: • So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he
finishes the experiment. • 只要他努力工作, 我不介意他什么时候做完试验
一般现在时
• 考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,
仍用一般现在时。
• I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
•
考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;
常用的引导词有:
•
•
I have learned English for ten years.
现在完成时
• 考 点 二 : 常 见 的 不 确 定 的 时 间 状 语 : lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, for
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代 词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
1、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点; 表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有 often, always, from time to time 等时间状 语; 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 • He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. • She has a brother who lives in New York. • The earth goes around the sun. • Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
专业四级考试词汇语法详细解答40套(1)
Test One集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词,如:police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等,通常作复数,用复数动词。
如:Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词,如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词,随后的动词用单数。
例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词,如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等,既可作单数,也可作复数用。
The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成,随后的动词通常用单数。
例如:A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。
tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息,还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。
Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫,一到家就上床睡觉去了。
exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强,指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。
专业四级考试词汇语法详解-1
专业四级考试词汇语法详解-1英语的演变是一个很有意思的过程,四级英语中有很多词汇都是有很有意思的“背景”,比如缩写可以会变成另外一个意思,那么关于它们究竟是怎么样的,在语法中又该如何使用呢? 我们一起来看看,以下是小编给大家整理的专业四级考试词汇语法详解-1,希望可以帮到大家试题答案与解析??1. b)「句意」家中的每个人都欺侮她,叫她做所有的家务,她真是个灰姑娘。
?「难点」cinderella源于童话《灰姑娘》,现已成为专有名词。
?2. c)「句意」空气对于我们来说就像水对于鱼一样。
?「难点」固定句型a is to b what c is to d.?3. a)「句意」无论问题多么麻烦,他都耐心地去面对。
?「难点」however=no matter how, 意为“不管…”。
?4. d)「句意」彼得非常生气,并说他很讨厌他们说话。
?「难点」sb be tired of doing sth意为“某人厌倦做某事”。
?5. d)「句意」若天气允许的话,野餐将如期进行。
?「难点」“weather permitting”作为独立结构,意为“如果天气允许的话”,也可以用“if weather permits”。
?6. b)「句意」我们很遗憾地通知你,你的订单已经过期。
?「难点」“we regret to inform you”意为“我们很遗憾地通知你”。
7. d)「句意」既然你是个大学老师,你大概不得不在七、八月份休假。
?「难点」now that=since, 意为“既然”。
?8. a)「句意」他没有理由卷入这件事情。
?「难点」getting为get的现在分词形式,与mixed up构成现在分词短语,修饰business,作定语。
?9. b)「句意」每个人都要遵守规则,主任也不例外。
?「难点」but=except,not but意为“不除……之外”。
?10. a)「句意」岩石的纹理结构被描述为“像糖”。
?「难点」be described as 意为“被形容为”。
1-英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--从句
25
原因状语从句 ---真题
• Barry had an advantage over his mother ____ he could speak French. (2001-49)
19
注意 • Only if置于句首,需要倒装 • If only用于虚拟语气,谓语动词用一般过去
时,表示现在没有实现的愿望,用过去完成时, 表示过去没有实现的愿望,常译为“要是…… 就好了”
20
真题
• 1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _____that he paid me back the following week. (2005--64)
2
语法与词汇
• 2. 历年考试与考点分析 • 语法部分 • 根据下面分析可以发现,历年英语专业四级
考试语法与词汇部分中的语法试题主要围绕 着10项语法点。其中,考试重点与难点集中 在从属分句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、代词、 动词时态、情态动词等语法知识点的应用上。
3
题型 年份
从属 虚拟 分句 语气
• I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
• Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
11
注意事项
• 2.特殊时间状语从句
• The police went into action ____ they heard the alarm.
英语专业四级语法专题讲解
英语专业四级语法专题讲解英语专业四级考试对于语法知识的要求非常高,只有掌握了扎实的语法基础,才能够在考试中取得好成绩。
本文将针对英语专业四级考试中常见的语法问题进行分析和讲解,帮助考生更好地应对考试。
一、时态时态是英语语法中的基础知识,常出现在四级考试的试题中。
英语中常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时等,每种时态都有其特定的用法和表示方式。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,也可以表示客观事实等。
例句1:I usually get up at 7 o'clock in the morning.例句2:Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
例句1:I watched a movie last night.例句2:He lived in Paris for two years.3. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
例句1:I will visit my grandparents next weekend.例句2:She is going to travel around the world after graduation.4. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
例句1:They are studying in the library now.例句2:I am reading a book at the moment.5. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
例句1:She was cooking dinner when I arrived home.例句2:I saw him while he was walking in the park.6. 现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导
3. 阅读题型分类及解题技巧:针对不同题型,如 细节题、推理题等,提供解题方法和思路。
1. 细节题
直接在原文中找到对 应句子,理解其意思 即可。
2. 推理题
在原文中寻找线索, 通过理解上下文推断 答案。
3. 词汇题
考查词汇量,需根据 上下文推断生词的含 义。
4. 态度题
需理解作者的态度和 观点,注意文章中的 转折词和形容词。
02
专业四级语法精讲
#2022
1. 语法分类:时态、语态、虚拟语气等。
专业四级语法精讲涵盖了许多语法分类,包括时态、语态和虚拟语气等。这些语法分类是英 语语法体系的重要组成部分,对于正确理解和使用英语至关重要。
首先,时态是描述动作发生时间状态的语法形式。英语中主要有现在、过去和将来三种时态, 每种时态又有肯定和否定形式。掌握时态的正确使用方法,可以帮助我们更准确地表达意思。
3. 适应语 速和口音
精听可以让你更 深入地理解听力 材料,而泛听则 可以让你熟悉不 同类型和速度的
音频。
5. 总结和 反思
通过大量听力练 习,熟悉不同类 型和速度的音频, 包括新闻、电影、
演讲等。
2. 专注注 意力
通过听力练习, 逐渐适应不同速 度和口音的英语
发音。
4. 精听和 泛听结合
在听力练习后, 总结自己的错误 和不足之处,并 思考如何改进。
4. 写作练习及批改:提供写作练习题目,帮助学 生进行实际操作并纠正错误。
1 1. 词汇选择
对于表达某一概念,要 尽量选择精准且具体的 词汇,而非模糊或泛泛 之词。
2 2. 语法运用
确保句子结构多样, 并避免常见的语法错 误。
3 3. 段落构造
每段都应有主题句,段 落内容应围绕主题句展 开,切忌跑题。
14年英语专业四级语法讲座第一讲
宾语补语
副词
Please call the students back at once. He was seen to take his cap off.
宾语补语
现在分词
We hear him singing in the hall. I found him lying in bed, sleeping.
--Who broke the vase? – Me! John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she
宾语补语
不定式 Father will not allow us to play on the street. He is made to copy the sentence. We believe him to be guilty I felt my hands tremble
英语限定词包含:
基数词与序数词 倍数词与分数词 量词:a lot of, plenty of, a great deal of, a large amount/quantity of, a large number of…
限定词与三类名词的搭配关系
能与三类同时搭配的限定词: the, some, any, no, other, whose, 物主限 定词,名词属格。 只与单数名词搭配的限定词: A(n), one, another, each, every, either, neither, many a, such a等
限定词 determiner
限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起 特指、类指以及表示确定数量和非确定 数量等限定作用的词类。 英语限定词包括以下内容:
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--比较结构
• 7. 词汇意义表示的比较: • Senior, junior, superior, inferior 等形容词后要用to, 不用 than • Minor, major, prior, preferable, compared with, in comparison with, different from, rather than不用比较形 式却表示比较概念 • 没有比较级最高级形式的形容词:“独特、最佳”Perfect, only, unique, excellent, ideal
• 6. 倍数的比较结构 • A is +倍数+the+名词(如size, length, width, etc) + of B • A is +倍数+as+形容词 (如big, long, wide, etc) + as B • A is +倍数+形容词比较级(如bigger, longer, wider, etc) + than B
• 1. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ___ the size of St. Peter’s in Rome. (2008) • A. / B. that of C. which is D. of • 2. A new laptop costs about ___ of a second-hand one. (2009) • A. the price of three times • B. three times the price • C. as much as the three times price • D. three times more than the price • AB
专业四级语法与词汇辅导_
语法与词汇部分应试技巧考试要求:熟练掌握专四考试大纲一级至四级的所有语法结构,5500至6000个单词,认识其中的3000至4000个词汇及其基本搭配;考试时间为15分钟。
考试形式:考试题型为选择题,共30题,总分25分。
其中50%为词汇、词组及短语题;50%为语法结构题。
语法结构题主要考一些难点,如:时态,虚拟语气、状语从句、定语从句、独立主格及情态动词等。
授课安排:(语法考试的5个方面以及词汇练习)Week 1 时态、语态、主谓一致,近义词辨析,相关真题Week 2 从句,形近义异词辨析,相关真题Week 3 虚拟语气,短语动词,相关真题Week 4 非谓语动词,固定搭配,相关真题Week 5 倒装、省略、比较结构及其他,相关真题同时给出模拟题答案,集中模拟题上的问题,统一解答。
Week One一、时态、语态、主谓一致时态:1.在由(till, until, up till, up until) now, so far, up to the present, by far, by now ,recently等短语做状语的句子中一般用现在完成时。
2.在It is the first (second…) time that…句型中,一般用现在完成时,而当谓语动词是was 时,要用过去完成时。
It was the first time (1990) that I had been here.3.现在进行时与过去进行时都可以与continually, constantly, forever, always 等频度副词联用,表示经常发生或具有持续性的事情,或表示欣赏或不满,抱怨的情绪。
How can I concentrate on my book if you are constantly interrupting me with questions?My mother is forever getting up early in the morning to prepare breakfast for me.4.Be 动词用于进行时being,与表示动作意义的形容词连用时,表示正在发生的一种情况,而不是对一般情况的静态描述。
专业四级之语法
•
二、不定式
1.不定式做主语
• (1)引导逻辑主语的介词:不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但 下列表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的逻辑主语 则由of引导: absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。如: Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to stay healthy. It‟s clever of you to have invented such a device. (2)不定式做主语补足语: 掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的句型。注意不定式表示的动作发生 的时间,并采用相应形式。如: be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth.
He told us whether _________ a picnic was still underdiscussion A. to have B. having C. have D. had
_____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. • A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging • C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged
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例3:All of us would have enjoyed the
party much more if there quite such a crowd of people there.
A. weren't
B.hasn't been
C. hadn't been D.wouldn't be
动词的时态:一般现在时、现在进行时、现在 完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成 时、过去完成进行时、将来时、过去将来时等 的各种表示法和用法;情态助动词的各种用法, 虚拟式、被动态的用法;不定式和不定式分句、 -ing分词和-ing分句、-ed分词和-ed分句的用法;
从句:定语从句,名词性从句(包括主语、 宾语、表语、同位语从句等),状语从句 (包括时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、 方式、条件、让步、比较等状语从句)。
A.As long as B.As D.Even
C.While
该题考查的是学生对四个连接词意义的掌
握情况。根据题干的前半段中的“我同情”
和后半段中的“我不能做什么来帮助他们
走出困境”,可以判断应选一个表示让步
的连词。四项中C最合乎题意,是正确答 案。
2.非限定性动词及其被动语态的 用法
(包括动词的不定式、现在分词和过去分词及其 在被动语态中的用法。)
例l:After seemed an endless wait,it was her turn to enter the personnel manager's office.
A.that B.there C.what D.it
该题是对从句连接词的考查。根据句子的结构可以 判断出在介词After后应接一个名词性从句。四个选 择项中C项的what既可以用来引导名词性从句,相 当于the thing which,又可以作介词的宾语,且完 全符合题意,因此该题的正确答案为C。
例2:There is no doubt the company has made the right decision on the sales project.
A. why B.that C.whether D.when
该题仍是对从句的连接词的考核,同时牵涉到特殊 的搭配。题干部分中doubt一词的用法比较特殊, 用在肯定句中时,后接whether,用在否定句或有 否定词no,not,little, slight等修饰的句子以及疑 问句中时,则用that引导从句。所每道题配 四个备选项。题目中约50%为单词、词 组和短语用法题,其余为语法结构题。
测试目的:测试学生掌握词汇、短语及 基本语法概念的熟练程度。
二、教学大纲对语法的要求
《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》要求学生系 统地掌握英语语法,并在实际运用中做到概念清 楚,形式正确。具体项目如下:
英语专业四级语法辅导1
一、考纲浏览
2004年新版英语专业4级考试大纲对语法 与词汇部分的考试内容做了如下明确规定:
测试要求: 1)掌握并能正确运用《大纲》规定的一
至四级语法内容。 2)掌握《大纲》规定的基础阶段认知词
汇(5500~6000个),并且能正确、熟练地 运用其中3000~4000个单词及最基本的搭 配。 3)考试时间15分钟。
名词:可数及不可数名词:抽象、专有、物质名 词的数;’s属格的各种意义;某些以-s结尾的名 词的数;集体名词的数,
限定词:限定词与三类名词的搭配关系;限定词 与限定词的搭配关系;冠词的类指、特指和独指; 冠词的习惯用法:some,any和no的用法。
代词:不定代词one. someone. anyone及人 称代词they,we,you,he的用法;物主代词、 非人称代词的用法,反身代词及其他动词宾语 的用法;
该题是非真实性条件句,考核的重点是主从
句中主句与从句在时态上的搭配。主句中用 了would have done结构,表示与过去事实 的相反,因此以if引导的从句中的动词要用 过去完成时,所以该题应该选C。
例4. I sympathize,I can't really do
very much to help them out of the difficulties.
其他:直接引语,间接引语,并列结构, 从属结构,形容词和副词的比较级、最高 级,介词与介词词组,附加疑问句,存在 句,主谓一致,后置、前置与倒装,省略 等。
1. 时态和语态(tense & voice) (√) 2. 非谓语动词 (non-predicate verbs)(√) 3. 连词 conj. 1) coordinate conj. 2 ) subordinate conj. (√) 4. 动词(verbs ) (√) 5. 动词词组 (verbal phrases) (√) 6. 情态动词 (model verbs) 7. 代词 (pron.) 8. 形容词和副词 (Adj & adv.) 9. 交际用语 (Communicative English) 10. 冠词 (Art.) 11. 介词(Prep.) 12.句式(Structures: imperative; emphatic; exclamatory ; rhetorical
question) (√) 13. 省略 (ellipsis ) 14. 倒装(Inversion) (√) 15. 虚拟语气 (Subjunctive mood) 16. 主谓一致(the agreement of subj. & pred.) 17.短语或习语(expressions or phrases or idioms) (√)
三、教学大纲对词汇的要求
认知词汇5500~6000个,能正确、熟练地 运用其中3000~4000个单词及其最基本的 搭配。
四、语法测试范围
1.名词性从句,状语从句,定语 从句
这些题目涉及连接词的选用、分句句子结 构的安排、主从句动词时态的搭配、非真 实条件句中的虚拟语气以及一些特殊要求 的搭配等。