中国文化概论期末论文--(英文版2011)
中国文化介绍英文版Chinese Culture introduction
The commonly used techniques and styles in Chinese painting include ink painting, meticulous painting, freehand brushwork, etc., each with its unique aesthetic value and artistic expression.
Chinese Ceramics and Chinese Knives
Chinese porcelain is most famous for porcelain from Jingdezhen, Longquan Kiln, and other places, with a history dating back to the Tang Dynasty.
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Buddhism and Zen Buddhism have a deep impact on Chinese culture, including Chinese poetry, calligraphy, painting, music, and folk customs They also spread to other countries and regions in the world
The Origin of Chinese Culture
The origin of Chinese culture can be traced back to the Yellow River basin, which is considered the slogan of Chinese civilization The Yellow River is an important river in China that has nurtured the growth of many urban civilizations
中国文化概论期末论文
摘要2008年6月，全球同步首映的梦工厂动画大作，一部以熊猫、功夫等中国文化元素为主要卖点的好莱坞动画片——《功夫熊猫》在国内院线上映，首日票房便直逼千万，在中国大获成功。
该电影之所以获得空前的成功，其主要原因在于中国文化元素与美国价值观的完美结合。
一、中国元素简介中国元素是指被大多数中国人（包括海外华人）所认同的，凝结着中华民族传统文化精神，体现了国家尊严和民族利益的形象、符号以及风俗习惯等，其中中国的企业及品牌也属于中国元素的组成部分。
中国元素不是简单的传统文化的象征，而具有极为丰富的内涵。
简单来说，中国元素可以分为中国固有元素、中国传统文化元素、中国现代文化元素，包括如国家形象、著名建筑标志、伟大成就、历史人文景观、重大发明创造、民风民俗、服饰、特色食品、手工艺品、二、《功夫熊猫》功夫熊猫是美国动画公司梦工厂的创作，但故事的主题蕴含了大量的中国元素。
“功夫”所指的是中国传统武术，当然主角是名为阿宝的熊猫；众所周知，熊猫是中国的国宝，就这影片的名字知道制作者到底花了多少精力去了解中国文化？相对于我们对中国文化有了解多少？《功夫熊猫》除功夫以外，《功夫熊猫》的故事以中国为背景，由景观、布景、服装以至道具均充满中国元素。
美术总监Raymond Zibach为此花了8年时间，钻研中国文化、艺术、建筑、山水风光，务求做好动画中每个细节，忠实反映中国特色。
《卧虎藏龙》和《英雄》亦是美术人员的重要参考材料，难怪片中的宏伟建筑如“英雄宝殿”和“翡翠宫”均带有这些大制作的影子。
而故事背景所在的“太平谷”，就以桂林和漓江为蓝本，山光水色大有“甲天下”的水平，相信中国观众看得格外有亲切感。
而在角色方面，两位编剧深得传统中国武术的“真传”。
除了影片的主角——胖胖的熊猫阿宝，绝对是以中国国宝乃至世界稀有动物的身份而近水楼台之外，猴子、毒蛇、丹顶鹤、老虎、螳螂则是中国传统武术中几路最知名且最具特色的拳法武术的代表。
无数国人以及众多热爱中国武术的老外们想必都对“猴拳”、“蛇拳”、“虎鹤双形”、“螳螂拳”等名词谙熟于心。
文化类议论文英语作文模板
文化类议论文英语作文模板Title: Cultural Class Discursive Essay English Writing Template。
Introduction。
The world is a diverse and vibrant place, filled with different cultures, traditions, and customs. In this cultural class discursive essay, we will explore the importance of culture, the impact of globalization on cultural diversity, and the role of education in preserving and promoting cultural heritage. Through this discussion, we hope to gain a deeper understanding of the significance of cultural diversity and the ways in which we can celebrate and preserve it.Importance of Culture。
Culture is an integral part of our identity and plays a crucial role in shaping our beliefs, values, and behaviors.It encompasses a wide range of elements, including language, religion, art, music, cuisine, and social customs. Culture provides us with a sense of belonging and helps us connect with others who share similar traditions and beliefs. It also serves as a source of inspiration, creativity, and innovation, contributing to the richness and diversity of human society.Furthermore, culture is a reflection of our history, heritage, and collective experiences. It allows us to learn from the past, appreciate the present, and envision the future. By preserving and promoting our cultural heritage, we can pass down valuable knowledge and wisdom to future generations, fostering a sense of continuity and belonging.Impact of Globalization on Cultural Diversity。
中国文化概论讲解英语
中国文化概论讲解英语Chinese culture is one of the oldest and richest cultures in the world, with a history that spans over 5,000 years. Itis a tapestry of diverse traditions, philosophies, andcustoms that have been shaped by the country's geography, history, and people. This introduction aims to provide an overview of the key elements that make up Chinese culture.Philosophical FoundationsAt the heart of Chinese culture lies a set ofphilosophical teachings that have guided its development. Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism are the three main philosophical systems that have influenced Chinese thoughtand behavior.- Confucianism emphasizes moral integrity, social harmony, and filial piety. It has played a significant role in shaping the social structure and ethical standards of Chinese society.- Taoism, or Daoism, is a philosophy that focuses onliving in harmony with the Tao, the natural order of the universe. It advocates for a simple life and a balancebetween seemingly opposite forces.- Buddhism, which originated in India, was introduced to China and has since been integrated with native Chinese beliefs, influencing the spiritual life of many Chinesepeople.Language and LiteratureThe Chinese language is a critical component of Chinese culture. It is characterized by its tonal nature and the use of characters that are pictorial in origin. The language has also given rise to a rich literary tradition, including:- Classical Poetry: A form of expression that captures the essence of the Chinese language's beauty and subtlety.- Prose and Essays: Works that cover a wide range of subjects, from philosophy to daily life.- Novel: The Chinese novel form has produced some of the world's longest and most intricate narratives, such as "Journey to the West" and "Dream of the Red Chamber."Performing ArtsThe performing arts in China are a blend of visual and auditory elements that tell stories and express emotions. Key forms include:- Peking Opera: A traditional form that combines music, vocal performance, mime, dance, and acrobatics.- Music: Traditional Chinese music is often based on the pentatonic scale and uses instruments like the guqin, pipa, and erhu.- Dance: From the elegant fan dances to the energetic dragon dances, Chinese dance is a vibrant part of festivals and celebrations.Visual ArtsChinese visual arts are renowned for their attention to detail and symbolism. Major forms include:- Calligraphy: Considered a high art form, Chinese calligraphy is the art of writing with brush and ink.- Painting: Traditional Chinese paintings often feature landscapes, flowers, birds, and human figures, with an emphasis on the use of space and symbolism.- Ceramics and Pottery: China is famous for its porcelain, particularly from the dynasties of Song, Ming, and Qing.Festivals and CelebrationsChinese festivals are a time for family reunions and cultural traditions. Some of the most important include:- Chinese New Year: The most significant festival,marking the beginning of the lunar new year.- Mid-Autumn Festival: Celebrated with the sharing of mooncakes and appreciating the full moon.- Dragon Boat Festival: Commemorates the life of the poet Qu Yuan and involves dragon boat races and eating zongzi (rice dumplings).CuisineChinese cuisine is diverse and varies by region, but itis generally characterized by its use of fresh ingredients, a wide array of flavors, and a balance of food groups. Staple dishes include:- Peking Duck: A dish from Beijing known for its crispy skin and succulent meat.- Dumplings: Known as jiaozi, these are a staple during Chinese New Year and other celebrations.- Noodles: With countless varieties, noodles are a symbol of longevity and are often served on birthdays.ConclusionChinese culture is a complex and multifaceted entity that has evolved over millennia. It is a culture that values harmony, respect for tradition, and the pursuit of knowledge. As China continues to grow on the global stage, its culture will undoubtedly continue to influence and enrich the world's cultural landscape.This introduction provides a snapshot of the vast and varied landscape of Chinese culture. It is important to notethat this is only a brief overview and that the depth and richness of Chinese culture warrant further exploration and study.。
Section VII Introduction to Chinese Kungfu中国文化概论英文
Main Points of the Martial Ethics
Functions
➢Moral Cultivation ➢Offence and Defence ➢Curative Effect ➢Health Improvement ➢Artistic Effect ➢Intelligence
in Hubei province and Ermei is a significant religious mountain in Sichuan province.
The Influence of Ancient Chinese Culture on Wushu
Wushu has adapted aspects of Confucianism, Taoism, etc.
Ancient Chinese philosophy advocated the theory of Tao, or “Way” and held that the Tao was connected with both the heaven and the earth and was the source of everything.
Ancient Chinese aesthetics advocated a balance between hardness and softness, voidness and solidness, motion and stillness, and negative and positive, as well as the expression of the spirit of an object through its form. Under this influence, Chinese martial arts have formed their own aesthetic standards that incorporate a stage of conceptual contentment, harmony, and nature, as well as beauty and elegance.
中国传统文化英文作文范文
Introduction to Traditional Chinese CultureChina, with its rich history spanning thousands of years, boasts a diverse and vibrant traditional culture that has greatly influenced the world. This essay explores some key aspects of traditional Chinese culture.1. Confucianism and Filial Piety: Confucianism, founded by Confucius (551–479 BC), emphasizes moral values, family hierarchy, and respect for elders. Filial piety, the virtue of respecting and caring for one's parents and ancestors, is a cornerstone of Confucian ethics. It underscores the importance of family bonds and societal harmony.2. Chinese Language and Calligraphy: The Chinese language, with its intricate characters and rich symbolism, is one of the oldest written languages still in use today. Chinese calligraphy, regarded as a fine art form, combines brush strokes and artistic expression to convey meaning and beauty.3. Traditional Festivals: China celebrates numerous traditional festivals that reflect its cultural diversity and historical significance. These include the Spring Festival (Chinese New Year), Mid-Autumn Festival (Moon Festival), and Dragon Boat Festival. Each festival is accompanied by unique customs, rituals, and traditional foods.4. Chinese Cuisine: Chinese cuisine is renowned for its diversity, flavors, and regional variations. From spicy Sichuan dishes to delicate Cantonese dim sum, Chinese food emphasizes freshness, balance of flavors, and nutritious ingredients. Tea culture, with its elaborate rituals and ceremonies, also plays a significant role in Chinese culinary traditions.5. Traditional Arts and Performing Arts: Chinese traditional arts encompass a wide range of disciplines, including painting, sculpture, pottery, and crafts such as jade carving and silk embroidery. The performing arts, such as Peking Opera, Chinese dance, and traditional music played on instruments like the guzheng and pipa, showcase ancient storytelling and cultural expressions.6. Traditional Medicine and Philosophy: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) incorporates herbal remedies, acupuncture, and holistic approaches to health and wellness. It is based on the belief in the balance of Yin and Yang and the flow of Qi (life force) through the body. Taoism, another influential philosophy, emphasizes harmony with nature and spiritual cultivation.7. Architecture and Ancient Wisdom: Chinese architecture, characterized by pagodas, temples, and traditional courtyard houses (siheyuan), reflects both practicality and philosophical principles. Fengshui, the practice of arranging physical environments to harmonize with natural energies, is also integral to Chinese architectural and urban planning traditions.In conclusion, traditional Chinese culture is a treasure trove of wisdom, customs, and artistic achievements that continue to inspire and enrich the world. It reflects the values of harmony, respect for tradition, and a deep connection to nature and family. Understanding and appreciating traditional Chinese culture is essential for fostering cross-cultural understanding and appreciation in our globalized world.。
中国文化概论英文版Unit10答案
Unit 10 Traditional Medicine and Health PreservationWarm-up Activity1.Watch a video clip about Traditional Chinese Medicine (1’26”).1) Watch the first 50 seconds of the video and describe the people and the parts oftheir work as shown in the video. Who are these people and what parts of their work are shown in the video?They’re medical practitioners of Traditional Chinese Medicine, one great representative of whom is Li Shizhen, the author of Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》). The video shows us the process of preparing herbal medicines, from methods of growing, gathering, and drying herbs, to different ways of extracting their vital essences and making healing balms (镇痛软膏), lotions (药液), and the pulse diagnosis and prescription (and treatments).2) Name all the medical treatments shown in the rest of the video.Acupuncture, Cupping (Baguan), Scraping (Guasha), Massagesource: UP CLOSE Edition 20090705, video clip from 2. Read an American mother’s account of her experience with TCM and discuss the questions below.1) What are the different approaches to the daughter’s illness by the pediatrician andthe doctor of Chinese medicine?Whereas Western medicine tends to focus on eradicating symptoms, the concept behind Chinese medicine is to manipulate the body to heal itself using a combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine.Chinese medicine treats the body as a whole, so each patient receives a customized treatment. There are literally thousands of herbal combinations and hundreds of acupuncture points that a doctor of Chinese medicine is able to utilize for healing. These techniques and treatments have been perfected over thousands of years of evolving practice.2) For what other diseases do you think Chinese medicine work well?Dating back over 5,000 years, the practice of Chinese medicine has proven to be both an effective and beneficial method for dealing with many different types of health concerns.Introduced to the United States in 1970’s, Chinese medicine is now considered an advantageous addition to traditional Western medicine.According to the British Medical Journal, Chinese medicine works well for chronic headaches and migraines (偏头痛). Chinese medicine has also proven to work well for allergies, infertility (不孕不育), skin problems, A.D.D. (注意力不足过动症), sinus problems, digestive issues, blood pressure (high or low), back pain, fatigue, prostate problems, asthma, and many more.Now recognized by the Western medical community as a partner in healing, many physicians refer patients to practitioners of Chinese medicine and many insurance companies include coverage on their policies.Section A. Cultural TreasuresTask1. Read the passage below and then answer the following questions.1) What are the five most popular styles of Taijiquan?Yang, Wu, Wu/Hao, Sun, and Chen.Additional informationAt the turn of the nineteenth century, a young man named Yang Luchan went from his home of Yongnian, Hebei province, to Chen village as a servant. There he learned taijiquan, and later returned home, where he became known as “Yang the Invincible.”Several of his students include the three Wu brothers, two of whom were local magistrates and scholars, Wu Chengqing and Wu Ruqing, and one a superior martial artist, Wu Yuxiang. All loved martial arts, and unlike Yang, were literate. Wu Yuxiang was briefly a student of Yang, and then, because Yang held back teaching, he went back to Chen village and Zhaobao village for training with Chen Qingping.Yongnian was a breeding ground for great martial artists, and this was a turbulent time. The eldest Wu brother found a text in a salt shop, attributed to Wang Zongyue from the turn of the nineteenth century. It was entitled A Treatise on Taijiquan (《太极拳论》). Prior to that time, taijiquan was referred to as Changquan (long boxing), or the Thirteen Movements. Wu Yuxiang, his brothers, and a nephew, Li Yiyu (and later Yang Banhou), worked on this manuscript to produce what are now known as the Classics. This body of work, consisting of approximately forty texts, expounds the philosophical and practical methods that most taijiquan schools claim as basic, common, and uniting. It includes, among other discussions, commentaries on sparring, the eight gates and five steps, the thirteen postures, the taiji circle, and qi circulation.Yang later moved to Beijing, taking a post with the Qing government teaching martial arts. He simplified some of the Chen movements. His sons, especially Yang Banhou, continued his work, and later Yang Luchan’s grandsons (from his son Jianhou), Yang Shaohou and Yang Chengfu, became famous for their skills, and their additions to the art, too.Yang Chengfu made the form smooth, large, and broad, popularizing it for young and old. It is his style of performance that is most popular today internationally. His style is most often referred to as Yang Style, although there are still scattered pockets of people performing sequences that are attributed to earlier members of the Yang family.Back in Yongnian, Wu Yuxiang created what is now known as Wu (or Hao) style from his studies with Yang, his training with Chen, and his study of the classics. This style is compact, simple, small in frame, and quite upright. Li Yiyu taught Hao Weizhen (1849–1920). In the capital, Wu Quanyou, a Manchu by birth and a student of Yang Banhou, created an elegant, medium-framed style referred to as Wu (different character and tone from Wu/Hao). It was passed on through Wu Jianquan (1870–1942) and is also quite popular.Hao taught the famous Sun Lutang (1861–1932). Already a well- known martial artist at the turn of the century, the latter created a new style of taijiquan, Sun, incorporating xingyiquan (形意拳) and baguazhang (八卦掌), which, like taijiquan, are considered internal arts based on similar principles. The Sun is a very distinctive style, still being taught by his daughter, Sun Jianyun, and gaining popularity.In 1928, Yang Chengfu traveled to Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, and Hankou and taught taiji. This trip, plus the many people taught by the Yang Family in Beijing who migrated to other parts of the country, helped to popularize taijiquan throughout China. It was also in 1928 that Chen stylist Chen Fake (1887–1957) moved to Beijing and began teaching.By far the five most popular styles of taijiquan are Yang, Wu, Wu/Hao, Sun, and Chen.2)Why do so many people practice Taijiquan?Some devoted practitioners value taiji as a metaphor upon which to model Daoist attributes as a base philosophy to attain control over their lives. Some seek out taiji as a means of restoring lost health or controlling chronic illness. For many, it is just playful recreation or a way of socializing. Finally, for others, it may serve any combination of these functions.Task2. Read the passage again and then complete the following tasks.1)Translate the underlined parts into Chinese.①《易经》②易有太极，是生两仪，两仪生四象，四象生八卦③《道德经》④《黄庭经》⑤戚继光《拳经》Taijiquan was originally referred to as Changquan(long boxing), or the Thirteen Movements (十三势). The very term Taiji comes from the Zhou dynasty and an anonymous text, the Yijing (I Ching; the Book of Changes). Over three thousand years ago, the author wrote, “In all changes exists Taiji, which cause the two opposites in all things. The two opposites cause the four seasons, and the four seasons cause the e ight natural phenomena.”4）Explain the following terms and then put them into Chinese.1）neijia - Internal (“neijia”) styles are those which use fluid movements and dodges to avoid attacks. They are influenced greatly by Taoist teachings. Breathing techniques, balance and control are highly important with the internal styles. With internal styles, strength develops most in the torso and legs. The most well known of the internal styles is taijiquan which is practiced by millions of people all over the world. The graceful movements of taiji build muscular strength and are popular with old and young alike.Other internal styles include xingyiquan (形意拳) and baguazhang (八卦掌).内家拳2）yi lu - the long sequence that is the basis for traditional Yang, Wu, Hao, and Sun style sequences. 陈式太极拳第一路3)tui shou - push-hands, a type of sparring (对练) using light touch and redirection of force,developing greater efficiency and sensitivity. This type of sparring allows thedevelopment of important fighting skills without injury; it may also be applied toweapons, for example, “sticky”spear techniques (粘枪). 太极推手4)silk reeling- also called winding silk energy, refers to a set of neigong movementprinciples expressed in traditional styles of taijiquan, but especially emphasised by the Chen and Wu styles of taijiquan. The name derives from the metaphorical principle of "reeling the silk from a silk worm's cocoon". In order to draw out the silk successfully the action must be smooth and consistent without jerking or changing direction sharply. Too fast, the silk breaks, too slow, it sticks to itself and becomes tangled. Hence, the silk reeling movements are continuous, cyclic patterns performed at constant speed with the "light touch" of drawing silk. Silk reeling is trained in solo forms and stances as well as in pushing hands with a partner. 缠丝劲或缠丝功Section B. Cultural Knowledge CardingSkimming and scanning the following passage so as to finish Tasks 1 and 2.Task 1. Match the Chinese words or terms in the left column with their English equivalents in the right column.a.pharmacotherapy, acupuncture and moxibustion, massage 药疗、针灸、按摩b. dietary care and tonic medicines 食疗补药c. Warring States period 战国时期d. fangshi (gentlemen of remedies) 方士e. the arts of Zou Yan驺衍之术f. the Yin and Yang philosophies阴阳五行学说g. the Wuxing (five agents) 五行h. five flavours 五味five organs 五脏i. Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon 黄帝内经j. self-cultivation 养生k. twelve distinct jingmai 十二经脉l. nine types of needle 九针m. acupuncture points 针穴，穴位n. leaves of mugwort 艾叶o. a Western Han tomb at the Mawangdui site 马王堆西汉墓p. the chancellor of the Han Kingdom of Changsha西汉初期长沙国丞相r. Treatise on Cold Damage伤寒杂病论s. the Divine Farmer's Canon of Materia Medica 神农本草经t. Materia Medica, Systematised Monographs 本草纲目Task 2. Put the following words or expressions in Tables 1 & 2, and show them to your partner:①b ②f ③i ④h ⑤j⑥d ⑦g ⑧c ⑨c ⑩aRead the text more closely and finish Task 3 and 4.Task 3. Questions for thought and discussion based on the above passage.1)Match the traditional Chinese medicine classics and their authors.①Huangdi - Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon②Zhang Zhongjing - Treatise on Cold Damage③Tao Hongjing - the Divine Farmer's Canon of Materia Medica④Li Shizhen - Materia Medica, Systematised Monographs2) Briefly describe the excavated texts from a Western Han tomb at the Mawangduisite. How significant are they for the understanding of traditional Chinesemedicine?There were household manuals of remedies for various illnesses and early editions oftreatises found in the canons of acupuncture and moxibustion. They have not beentampered with by generations of editors keen to re-arrange and re-order according to theprejudices of their own time. Therefore they provide a window through which we areoffered a direct view of medical affairs in elite society of early imperial China.Task 4. What are the Chinese versions for the following sentences? Where are they taken from? What suggestions of health preservation do they give? Are they still practicalin today’s life?1)食不厌精，脍不厌细。
中国文化概况哲学和宗教英文版
中国文化概况哲学和宗教英文版Chinese Culture Overview: Philosophy and ReligionPhilosophy:Confucianism is one of the most influential philosophies in Chinese history. Founded by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period (771 - 476 BCE), it focuses on moral values,social hierarchies, and the importance of education. Confucianism emphasizes the cultivation of virtues such as benevolence, righteousness, and filial piety. It has greatly influenced the development of Chinese governance, family ethics, and education systems.Taoism, founded by Lao Tzu during the 6th century BCE, explores the concept of the Tao, meaning "The Way." It emphasizes living in harmony with nature and the pursuit ofself-realization. Taoism encourages individuals to live a simple and balanced life, while seeking to attain immortality through spiritual practices such as meditation and martial arts. Its teachings have had a profound influence on Chinese literature, art, and traditional medicine.Legalism, originating during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BCE), takes a more pragmatic approach to governance and social order. It emphasizes strict laws, harsh punishments, and the idea that human nature is inherently selfish and corrupt.Legalism played an important role in shaping the centralized autocracy of ancient China and laid down the foundation for the Qin Dynasty's legalistic governance.Mohism, founded by Mozi in the 5th century BCE, promotes universal love and altruism. Mohism advocates for impartiality and rejecting the discrimination based on social status. The philosophy emphasizes the practical application of moral principles for the benefit of society, calling for the equal distribution of resources and pacifism.Religion:Religion in China is diverse and multifaceted. The major religions practiced in China include Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Islam, and Christianity.Taoism, as mentioned earlier, is both a philosophy and a religion. Taoist practices involve the worship of deities, participation in rituals, and the pursuit of immortality through meditation and alchemy. Taoist temples, many of which are located in natural landscapes, are important cultural and spiritual landmarks in China.Confucianism, although primarily a philosophy, incorporates certain religious elements. Ancestor worship is an integral part of Confucianism, as it emphasizes filial piety and respect for one's ancestors. Confucian temples and ancestral halls can befound throughout China, where rituals and ceremonies are conducted to honor and remember ancestors.Christianity arrived in China during the Tang Dynasty and has since grown steadily. Today, there are both official and unofficial Christian churches in China, with the officially recognized churches being regulated by the state. Chinese Christians practice their faith while incorporating Chinese cultural traditions, creating a distinct form of Chinese Christianity.In conclusion, Chinese philosophy and religion have significantly influenced the culture, values, and social structures of China. Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and other unique philosophies have shaped Chinese attitudes towards morality, governance, and spirituality. Similarly, a variety of religions have found their place in Chinese society, enhancing the diversity and richness of Chinese culture.。
《中国文化概论》A Glimpse Chinese Culture学习资料
Chapter 1 An Overview1.the People’s Republic of China (PRC) 中华人民共和国2.the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPC)中华人民共和国政治协商会议3.the Communist Party of China (CPC) 中国共产党4.the national emblem 国徽5.the Tian’anmen Rostrum 天安门城楼6.the National People’s Congress (NPC) 全国人民代表大会7.the national anthem 国歌8.Forbidden City 故宫9.Temple of Heaven 天坛10.Summer Palace 颐和园11.Ming Tombs 明十三陵12.Roof of the world 世界屋脊13.the Yangtze River 长江14.the grand canal between Beijing and Hangzhou 京杭大运河15.the descendants of Yan and Huang 炎黄子孙16.the institution of slavery 奴隶制17.Thrice he had gone past his own house without even looking in.（大禹）三过家门而不入18.the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Periods. 春秋战国时期19.the Three Kingdoms Period. 三国时期20.a tripartite balance 三国鼎立21.Clothed sd in the yellow imperial gown. 黄袍加身unch a rebellion. 起义23. Ascend the throne. 登基24.the Opium War. 鸦片战争25.A country of semi-feudal, semi-colonial status. 半殖民地半封建社会26.the Republic of China. 中华民国27.the anti-Japanese War and the Liberation War. 抗日战争和解放战争28.Lunar calendar. 阴历29.A three-tier system. 三级建制30.Special administrative regions.(SAR) 特别行政区31.Statistical Communique on National Economic and Social Development. 国民经济和社会发展统计公报32.the National Bureau of Statistical. 国家统计局33.the policy of family planning. 计划生育政策34.the Standing Committee of the NPC. 全国人民代表大会常务委员会35.the State Council. 国务院36.the Central People’s Government. 中央人民政府37.Macro control. 宏观调控38.the gross domestic product(GDP). 国内生产总值39.the Chief Architect of China’s Reform. 改革开放总设计师Chapter 2 Philosophy and Religions1.Four Great Inventions. 四大发明2.A hundred schools of thought contend. 百家争鸣3.The philosophy in Pre-Qin times. 先秦子学4.Benevolence and justice, allegiance and forbearance. 仁、义、忠、恕5.The golden mean. 中庸6.Non-action. 无为7.The orthodox philosophy during the Han dynasty. 两汉经学8.Banning all schools of thought except Confucianism. 罢黜百家，独尊儒术9.Human behaviour finds responses in Heaven. 天人感应10.The power of the emperors are authorized by Heaven. 君权神授11.Man is an integral part of nature. 天人合一12.Metaphysics during the Wei and Jin dynasties. 魏晋玄学13.The Book of Changes. 易经14.Three profound studies. 三玄15.The Buddhist Philosophy during the Sui and Tang dynasties. 隋唐佛学16.Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties. 宋明理学17.Application philosophy in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 明清实学18.Nirvana 涅槃19.To prefer it is better than only to know it, to delight in it is better than merely to prefer it. 知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者20.Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are less important than terrestrial advantages, which in turn are less important than the unity among people. 天时不如地利，地利不如人和21.Chinese Chan Buddhism. 禅宗22.Preaches epiphany. 顿悟23.Buddhist scriptures. 经文24.The three obediences and four virtues. 三从四德25.Morality, proper speech, modest manner,and diligence. 品德、言语、仪态、女工26.To father before marriage, to husband after marriage, and to son after becoming a widow. 未嫁从父，既嫁从夫，夫死从子27.The three basic rules and five constant virtues. 三纲五常28.A king should rule over his subjects; a father, his son; a husband, his wife. 君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲29.Benevolence, righteousness,propriety, wisdom,and fidelity. 仁、义、礼、智、信30.A celestial being. 仙人31.Jude Pure, upper Pure, great Pure. 玉清、上清、太清32.When the Eight Immortals cross the sea, each demonstrates his/her divine power. 八仙过海，各显神通33.Dragon-Tiger Mountain. 龙虎山34.The Eight-Fold Path. 八正道35.The four Heavenly kings. 四大天王ughing Buddha. 弥勒佛37.The great buddha hall. 大雄宝殿38.The Eighteen Arhats. 十八罗汉39.The White Horse Temple. 白马寺Chapter 3 Literature1.the Book of Songs. 《诗经》2.Poetry of the South. 《楚辞》3.Feng or folk ballads. 风4.Ya or dynastic hymns. 雅5.Song or sacrificial songs. 颂6.The journey is long, /I’ll search up and down. 路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索7.Sorrow after Departure. 《离骚》8.Ask Heaven. 《天问》9.Nine Elegies. 《九章》10.Nine Songs. 《九歌》11.the Prose of the Pre-Qin Period. 先秦散文12.Historical prose. 历史散文13.Philosophical prose. 诸子散文14.The Book of History. 《尚书》15.Spring and Autumn Annal. 《春秋》16.Zuo’s Commentary. 《左传》17.Intrigues of the Warring States. 《战国策》18.Discourses of the States. 《国语》19.The Analects of Confucius. 《论语》20.On Faults of Qin. 《过秦论》menting Qu Yuan. 《吊屈原赋》22.Master Void Rhapsody. 《子虚赋》23.Rhapsody on Great Man. 《上林赋》24.Records of the Grand Historian. 《史记》25.Southeast the Peacock Flies. 《孔雀东南飞》26.The Ballad of Mulan. 《木兰诗》27.The Chile Ballad. 《敕勒歌》28.Vast is the sky, boundless the wilds, grazing the cattle are as the grass bend down in the wind. 天苍苍野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊29.Seven Masters of the Jian’an Period. 建安七子30.The Sea. 《观沧海》31.A Short Song. 《短歌行》32.The Peach Blossom Spring. 《桃花源记》33.The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons. 《文心雕龙》34.The Complete Anthology of Tang Poems. 《全唐诗》35.The Four Literary Eminences. 初唐四杰36.Friendships across the world/make near neighbours of far horizons. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻37.Celestial poet. 诗仙38.Saint poet. 诗圣39.Thinking in the Silent Night. 《静夜诗》40.Hard is the Road to Shu. 《蜀道难》41.Dreaming of Sightseeing in the Tianmu Mountains. 《梦游天姥吟留别》42.Three Officers. 三吏43.The Xin’an Officer. 《新安吏》44.The Shihao Officer. 《石壕吏》45.The Officer at Tongguan Pass. 《潼关吏》46.Three Partings. 三别47.Parting of the Newly-wed. 《新婚别》48.Parting of the Old. 《垂老别》49.Parting of the Homeless. 《无家别》50.Frontier poets. 边塞诗人51.Pastoral poets. 田园诗人52.The Older Charcoal Seller. 《卖炭翁》53.Song of Eternal Sorrow. 《长恨歌》54.Song of a Pipa Player. 《琵琶行》55.The Beautiful Lady Yu. 《虞美人》56.Moon on the Western River. 《西江月》57.Butterfly Loves Flowers. 《蝶恋花》58.Immortals Meeting on the Magpie Bridge. 《鹊桥仙》59.The Powerful and Free School. 豪放派60.To the Tune of Charm of a Maiden Singer:The Red Cliff. 《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》61.To the Tune of Water Melody:The Mid-Autumn Festival. 《水调歌头·明月几时有》62.To the Tune of a Riverside Town:Dreaming of His Deceased Wife. 《江城子·十年生死两茫茫》63.Slow Slow Song. 《声声慢》64.Autumn Thought. 《秋思》65.The Injustice to Dou E. 《窦娥冤》66.Four Dreams of Linchuan. 《临川四梦》67.The Peony Pavilion. 《牡丹亭》68.Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 《三国演义》69.Water Margin. 《水浒传》70.Journey to the West. 《西游记》71.Dream of the Red Mansions. 《红楼梦》72.Three Volumes of Words and Two Volumes of Slapping. 《三言二拍》73.The Scholars. 《儒林外史》74.Strange Tales from a Scholar’s Studio. 《聊斋志异》75.Execute justice in the name of Heaven by killing the rich and relieving the poor. 杀富济贫，替天行道76.Sun Wukong Causing Havoc in the Heavenly Palace. 《孙悟空大闹天宫》77.Zhu Bajie Got Married at Gaolao Village. 《高老庄娶亲》78.Sun Wukong Assaulting Thrice the White-Boned Demon. 《孙悟空三打白骨精》79.Crossing the Flaming Mountain. 《火焰山》80.Encyclopedia 百科全书81.Worldly novels 世情小说82.The mystery tales. 志怪小说83.The eight-part essay. 八股文84.Imperial examination system. 科举制度85.The Hundred Day’s Reform. 百日维新86.Exposure of the Official World. 《官场现形记》87.The Travel Records of Lao Can. 《老残游记》88.Flowers in the Mirror. 《镜花缘》89.The eight models of revolutionary modern operas. 八大革命现代京剧样板戏Lu Xun（鲁迅）90.Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers. Head-bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children. 横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛91.A Madman’s Diary. 《狂人日记》92.Call to Arms. 《呐喊》93.Wandering. 《彷徨》94.The Story of Ah Q. 《阿Q正传》95.Old Tales Retold. 《故事新编》Mao Dun（矛盾）96.Short Story Monthly. 《小说月报》97.Midnight. 《子夜》98.Spring Silkworms. 《春蚕》99.The Shop of Lin Family. 《林家铺子》Ba Jin（巴金）100.Trilogy of the Turbulent Currents. 《激流三部曲》101.Family. 《家》102.Spring 《春》103.Autumn 《秋》Lao She（老舍）104.the Rickshaw Boy. 《骆驼祥子》105.Four Generations Living Together. 《四世同堂》106.Teahouse 《茶馆》107.Dragon Beard Ditch. 《龙须沟》108.Thunderstorm 《雷雨》， Sunrise 《日出》-------曹禺Sheng Congwen（沈从文）109.Frontier City. 《边城》110.Long River. 《长河》111.The Autobiography. 《从文自传》Ai Qing（艾青）112.Dayan River. 《大堰河》113.Facing Towards the Sun. 《向太阳》114.The Spring. 《春天》115.The Colorful Poem. 《彩色的诗》116.The Fields and the City. 《原野与城市》117.On Poetry. 《诗论》118.On New-Style Poems. 《新诗论》119.Collected Works of New Culture. 《新文艺论集》120.Anthology of Ai Qing. 《艾青全集》Chapter 4 Arts1.the handwriting reveals the writer. 字如其人2.Dian or dot stroke. 点3.Heng or horizontal stroke. 横4.Shu or vertical stroke. 竖5.Pie or curved stroke. 撇6.Gou or hooked stroke. 勾7.Zhe or angular stroke. 辄8.Standalone characters. 独立成字9.The seal form. (zhuan 篆书)10.The official form. （li 隶书）11.The cursive form. (cao 草书)12.The regular form. (kai 楷书)13.The running form. （xing 行书）14.Small seal script. 小篆15.Pictography. 象形文字16.The running regular form. 行楷17.The running cursive form. 行草18.Sage of Chinese calligraphy. 书圣19.The Preface to the Lanting Collection of Calligraphy. 《兰亭集序》20.Painting is said to have the same origin as calligraphy. 书画同源21.Ink-wash painting. 水墨画22.Running Horses. 《奔马图》23.The Foolish Man Moving Mountain. 《愚公移山》24.The excellence of a painting lies in its being alike, yet unlike. Too much likeness flatters the vulgar taste; too much unlikeness deceives the world. 画妙在似与不似之间，太似则媚俗，不似则欺世25.Mural paintings. 壁画26.Wood-cut block print. 木刻版画27.Chinese Spring Festival Pictures. 年画28.Four Treasures of the Study. 文房四宝29.Brush, ink, paper, ink stone. 笔、墨、纸、砚30.Copybook. 字帖31.Heroic forest outlaws. 绿林好汉32.The Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage. 人类口头非物质文化遗产33.The United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization. （UNESCO）联合国教科文组织34.Face changes. 变脸35.Butterfly’s Love. 《梁山伯与祝英台》36.The West Chamber. 《西厢记》37.Chasing the Fish. 《追鱼》38.The Heavenly Maid and the Mortal. 《天仙配》39.Female Son-in-Law of the Emperor. 《女驸马》40.Acrobatics. 杂技41.Cross-talk. 相声42.Clapper talk. 快板43.Storytelling. 评书44.New Year Gala Show. 春节联欢晚会45.Puppet Show. 木偶戏46.Shadow Play. 皮影戏47.Ghost-Exorcising Opera. 傩舞48.Plucked Instruments. 弦乐器49.Ambush on All Sides. 《十面埋伏》50.Spring Moonlight on the Flowers by the River. 《春江花月夜》51.Zither. 古筝52.Singing on the Return of Fishing Boats. 《渔舟唱晚》53.Hight Mount Flowing Water. 《高山流水》54.Two Springs Reflect the Moon. 《二泉映月》55.Percussion Instruments. 打击乐器56.Wind Instruments. 管弦乐57.Ceremonial horn. 唢呐58.One Hundred Birds Serenade the Phoenix. 《百鸟朝凤》59.Bamboo flute. 笛子Chapter 5 Education1.Private schools. 私塾2.Official institutions. 官学3.Persons of virtue. 贤人4.The Four Books and the Five Classics. 四书五经5.The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. 《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》6.The Book of Poems, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, The Spring and Autumn Annals. 《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》、《春秋》7.The academy of classic learning. 书院8.The books collection mansions. 藏书阁9.Six Skills(Arts):Ritual, Music, Archery, Chariot-Riding, Writing, Arithmetic. 六艺：礼、乐、射、御、书、数10.New learning. 新学11.The Revolution of 1911. 辛亥革命12.Nine-year compulsory education. 九年义务教育13.Ensure an all-round development of the students morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically. 德智体美全面发展14.Project Hope. 希望工程15.Spring Bud Project. 春蕾计划16.Key institutions. 重点大学17.Spring Sunshine Programme. 春晖计划18.The National College Entrance Examination. 高考。
中国文化概论论文选题
一、封面格式：
2010—2011学年第二学期
《中国文化概论》课程期末论文
题目：
姓名：
学号：
院部：
专业：
年级：
二、期末论文选题：
1、儒家文化（任选儒家文化的某方面来分析论述）
如：分析孔子“礼”的思想；从“仁爱”思想来看孔子对人性的关怀；试析孟子的民本思想；试论孟子的理想人格；孟子“性善论”对当代人的启示；试析孟子的义利及对今人的启示。
2、道家文化（任选道家文化的某方面来分析论述）
如：分析老子“无为而治”的政治思想；庄子名利观对当代人的启示；陶渊明田园诗的道家思想底蕴；魏晋玄学对士人心态的影响。
3、佛教文化
如：佛教修行理念（主要是觉悟与奉献）对当代人的启示；试述道家思想与禅宗思想的异同点；六祖慧能对禅宗的贡献；从两首佛偈来谈佛教的中国化
4、法家文化
如：从韩非（商鞅）之死来看法家人物的精神；试述商鞅对法家思想的贡献；试析管仲在齐桓公霸业中的作用；法家与“依法治国”的法治观念的形成；法家与儒家历史观之比较。
5、科举制度
如：科举制对古代士人心态（人格精神或生活）的影响；科举制与古代士人心态；从范进中举谈科举制对古代士人心理的影响；试述科举制对中国古代社会的影响；科举制对
6、姓氏文化
如：姓氏对中华民族凝聚力的作用（或影响）；姓氏与家族本位观念的形成
三、写作要求：
1、任选一题的一个方面来写，观点明确，层次清楚，语句通顺，格式规范,字迹清楚；
2、不准抄袭，否则不及格；
3、必须列举参考书目；
4、要求手写，正文字数不少于1500字，统一用大学稿纸。
中国文化概论期末复习题资料
精品文档中国文化概论复习（英文）Part I Multiple Choice1.. Zi Lu, Ran You and Gongxi Chi' aspirations represent______, while Zeng Dian's reflects______.A. personal ambition; selfishnessB. lofty ideals; meaningless pursuitC. personal struggle; generous contributionD. individual contribution to society; harmony4.How is the “energy”of “one-stroke character”achieved?A. By pressing the brush harderB. By writing the character with only one stroke.C. By writing the strokes at one go.D. By connecting the strokes in the interior.5. How was Chinese calligraphy displayed by Lin Huaimin?A. By danceB. By scriptC. By musicD. By brush6.The winding path in the gardens reflects the Chinese philosophy of being ______.A. unrefinedB. irresistibleC. uninhibitedD. reserved无拘束的未提炼的不可抵抗的7. What can we learn about Peking Opera through the saying “watching a play is watching famous actors?”A. The viewers go to the theatre to see the actors instead of the play.B. The famous actors are good-looking and perform well.C.The actors are good at all the four basic aspects of Peking Opera.D. The performances of the actors are as important as the play itself.8. According to Sunzi, the strategy of the level in a war is to______.A. use different strategiesB. frustrate the diplomacy of the enemyC. attack the army of the enemyD attack the city of the enemy10. Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters?A. AspirationB. ImaginationC. CreativityD. AllusionPart II True or False Answers_T__ According to Laozi's philosophy of naturalness, man should not attempt to manipulate nature._F__ The driving force for building the Great Wall is to protect the lives and peace from wars._F Guanyin or the Goddess of mercy, known also as the Bodhisatva, is the founderof Buddhism._T__ The names of some Chinese dishes cannot be understood literally._T__ According to ancient Chinese people, music could not only cultivate people's mind, but also helpgovern the county.Part III Fill in the Blanks1._CPG_, the Central People's Government, is the highest state administrative body, which carries outthe laws enacted and decisions adopted by the NPC and its Standing Committee.2.In China, the education is divided into three categories: basic education,___higher_____and adulteducation.精品文档．精品文档he had visited various mountains in China, After the great Ming Dynasty Chinese geographer and 5.traveler, __, said of it:XuXiaKe I find it no longer worth my while to look at a mountain after visiting the five sacred mountains. Nolonger do I find it worth my while to look at the sacred five after returning from Huangshan.Questions名词解释1.What is Confucius view on Heaven?Confucius regarded Heaven as nature.2.What are the most important traditional holidays in China?Spring Festival.3.What legend do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival?Chang Er Flies to the Moon4.How is tea related to the Chinese way of life?5.What is the cultural significance of the Moon Cake and Yuan Xiao?6.What contribution did Bruce Lee make to Chinese martial arts?His superb kung fu popularized throughout the world and he became the embodiment of Chinesemartial arts.7.What do you think is the function of Wushu in the modern society?To exercise and keep fit.8.How do Chinese food and drinks reflect and influence Chinese way of life?9.What are the four masterpieces of the Chinese novel?Water Margin, Journey to The West, Dream of the Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kindoms.10.What are the commonly used methods of treatment in traditional Chinese medicine?Acupuncture, Herbal Medicine, Qi Gong11.What are the five fundamental components of the universe according to traditional Chinese medicine andphilosophy?Fire, Earth, Metal, Water, Wood12.What are the Four Great Inventions of ancient China?Papermaking, gunpowder, printing and the compass13.What are the most famous representatives of Chinese residences?Beijing's siheyuan, Fujian's HaKa group houses, cave dwellings in northern Shanxi and ganlan inGuangxi.14.What is the major difference between the imperial garden and the private garden? 精品文档．精品文档15.What is the major difference between the general layout of Chinese gardens and European gardens?There are usually sculptures in a European garden instead of rock formations in a Chinese-stylegarden.16.Why does Beijing Opera enjoy the most special reputation throughout the world?17.What were the benefits of constructing the Great Wall? What were the costs? Do you think the benefitsand costs of building the Great Wall balanced out? Explain.(1)Military defense in the age of cold steel. (2).Protection for the southernersfrom being attacked bythe northerners18.What traits do you find prevailing among the Chinese people?19.Can you give a brief account of the philosophies of Confucious, Mencious, Laozi and Zhuangzi? Inwhat ways are they alike and in what ways are they different?Reading comprehension排序A) The theme is to celebrate the festive spirit and worldly commotion at the Qingming Festival, rather thanthe holiday's ceremonial aspects, such as tomb sweeping and prayers.B) It offers glimpses of clothing and architecture of that period.C) A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is the title of several panoramic paintings; the original versionis generally attributed to the Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan.D) The entire piece was painted in hand scroll format and it displays the lifestyle of all walks of life fromrich to poor as well as different economic activities in rural areas and the city.E) It captures the daily life of people at the capital, Bianjing (today's Kaifeng) during the Northern Songperiod.F) The painting is famous for its geometrically accurate images of boats, bridges, shops, and scenery.G) As an artistic creation, the piece has been revered and court artists of subsequent dynasties have madeseveral replicas.H) Because of its fame, it has been called “China's Mona Lisa”.2. The following is a passage on Tang poems. The underlined sentence is taken from the passage.Choose the best place where the sentence could be put from [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Tang poems in particular remain the most popular out of every historical era of China.精品文档．精品文档The Tang period is a golden age of Chinese literature and art. There are over 48, 900 poems penned bys skills in the poem some 2,200 Tang authors that have been popular until modern times. [A] Perfecting one'writing became a required study for those wishing to pass imperial examinations. Poetry was also heavilycompetitive, and poetry contests amongst distinguished guests at banquets and gatherings of social elite werecommon in the Tang period. Poetry styles popular in the Tang included gushi and jintishi, with the renownedTang poet Li Bai (701-761) and Cui Hao (704-754) famous for their use of the latter.[B] Jintishi poetry, orregulated verse, is in the form of eight-line stanzas or seven characters per line with a fixed pattern of tonesthat required the second and third couplets to be antithetical (although the antithesis is often lost in) of Tang era poetry began in the Song translation to other languages). [C] This great emulation (仿效) asserted that he was the first to designate the poetry of the dynasty; during that period, Yan Yu (严羽) (典范的Glorious Age of Tang Dynasty (c.713-766) as the orthodox (正统的) material with “canonical. [D] Yan Yu reserved the position of highest laurel of all Tang status within the classical poetic tradition”poets for Du Fu (712-770), who was not viewed as such in his own era, and was branded by his peers as ananti-traditional poet.The best place is_____.Translation勿施于人。
中国文化概论英文版unit5答案
Unit 5 Ancient Chinese EducationW arm-up ActivityRead the following small passage and finish the tasks afterwards.T ask 1. How much do you know about China Ancient Academy? T ry to fill in the following table.Notable Ancient China AcademiesNames of Academy Location Time of Foundation Chinese English岳麓书院Y uelu Academy Changsha, Hunan Song Dynasty白鹿洞书院White Deer Grotto Academy Lu Shan, Jiangxi Southern-Tang嵩阳书院Songyang Academy Dengfeng, Henan Song Dynasty应天府书院Ying Tianfu Academy Shangqiu, Henan Hou Jin东林书院Donglin Academy Wuxi, Jiangsu Ming Dynasty2. Open.Section A Cultural Treasures1. Read the following four short stories and try to give titles for each story.a. The Frog in the Shallow Well (井底之蛙)b. Mencius Relocates Three Times (孟母三迁)c. Y ue Fei’s Mother Tatooing on his Back (岳母刺字)d. An Argument about the Sun (小儿辩日)2. What can we learn from the four short stories?a. Importance of Educationb. Educational environment mattersc. Family educationd. No one can know everything including the learned scholars.Section B Cultural Knowledge CardingT ask 1. T ry to guess the Chinese equivalents for the following words or terms underlined in the passage below.1)Son of Heaven 天子2)civil servants 官吏3)Four Books 四书4)Five Classics 五经5)eight-legged essay 八股文6)Rote learning 死记硬背7)Confucian classics 儒家经典8)civil service post 一官半职9) a venerable age 高龄10)ministerial posts 内阁职务11)earning Imperial degrees 获取功名12)literary canon 文学领域13)poetry and prose 诗词歌赋14)The Dream of the Red Chamber 红楼梦15)the exam hall 考场T ask 2.T ell whether the following statements are true or false according to the following passage below.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. F10. FT ask 3. Fill in the blanks based on your understanding of the passage above.Imperial Examination SystemFour Levels Corresponding Degrees___Local_ or district exams (院试) _Shengyuan__ (生员，又称秀才)_Provincial_ exams (乡试) _Juren______ (举人)Metropolitan exams (会试) Gongshi (贡士)_Palace_ exams (殿试) _Jinshi___ (进士)T ask 4. Questions for thought and discussionOpen-endedT ask 5. What are the Chinese versions for the following sentences? Where are they taken from? What may be implied in each of them? Are they still practical in today’s life?1)Those who work with their heads will rule, while those who work with their hands will serve.Chinese version: 劳心者治人，劳力者治于人。
中国文化概论(英语专业)
你知道吗？
清明节＿＿＿＿ 重阳节＿＿＿＿ 《红楼梦》＿＿＿ 《水浒传》＿＿＿ 中华人民共和国＿＿＿＿＿＿ 计划生育政策＿＿＿ 炎黄子孙＿＿＿ 剪纸＿＿＿ 长城＿＿＿ 故宫＿＿＿
Chapter one Chinese History
--Highlights: The social progress of ancient China: The Warring States period, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, and Qing Dynasty. --Nuts: The historic progress in the Warring States, the key measures undertaken by the First Emperor of Qin and its significance, the shaping of Chinese nation and its territory in Han period, the underlying reasons of Tang’s prosperity, the decaying Qing, the founding of the People’s Republic; and the economic progress in the Wu region (the Yangtze Delta).
Chinese History
Chinese history can be divided into three periods: the legendary period, the ancient period (2100 B.C—A. D1840), the modern period (1840-present).
中国文化概论 英文
中国文化概论英文The Essence of Chinese CultureChina is a country with a rich and diverse cultural heritage that has been shaped by thousands of years of history. From its ancient traditions to its modern influences, Chinese culture is a fascinating and complex tapestry that continues to captivate people around the world.At the heart of Chinese culture lies a deep-rooted respect for the natural world and a belief in the harmony between humanity and the environment. This is reflected in the country's rich tradition of art, architecture, and literature, where the beauty and tranquility of nature are often celebrated. The Chinese concept of Yin and Yang, which represents the complementary forces of the universe, is a prime example of this harmonious worldview.Another key aspect of Chinese culture is its emphasis on social hierarchy and the importance of family. The traditional Confucian values of filial piety, respect for elders, and the importance of maintaining harmonious relationships within the community have had a profound influence on the way Chinese people interact withone another. This social structure has played a significant role in shaping the country's political and economic systems, as well as its overall cultural identity.One of the most distinctive features of Chinese culture is its rich and diverse culinary traditions. From the delicate flavors of Cantonese cuisine to the bold and spicy dishes of Sichuan, Chinese food is renowned for its depth of flavor and attention to detail. The use of fermented and pickled ingredients, as well as the emphasis on regional specialties, has created a culinary landscape that is both unique and deeply rooted in the country's history.In addition to its culinary traditions, Chinese culture is also renowned for its rich artistic heritage. From the intricate calligraphy and ink paintings of the past to the cutting-edge contemporary art of the present, Chinese art has long been a reflection of the country's deep spiritual and philosophical traditions. The use of symbolism and the emphasis on the relationship between the individual and the natural world are hallmarks of this artistic tradition.Another important aspect of Chinese culture is its linguistic diversity. With over 300 different dialects and numerous writing systems, the Chinese language is a complex and multifaceted means of communication that has evolved over thousands of years. The use of characters rather than a phonetic alphabet has also contributed tothe unique and distinctive nature of the Chinese language.Despite the many challenges and changes that have occurred throughout Chinese history, the country's cultural identity has remained remarkably resilient. Whether it is the enduring influence of Confucianism, the ongoing relevance of traditional arts and crafts, or the vibrant and dynamic nature of contemporary Chinese culture, there is no denying the profound impact that China has had on the world.As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the importance of understanding and appreciating the richness and diversity of Chinese culture has never been more important. By exploring the depths of this ancient and complex tradition, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the inherent beauty and wisdom that lies at the heart of this remarkable civilization.。
谈谈中国传统文化普命题作文
谈谈中国传统文化普命题作文（中英文实用版）英文文档：Title: Reflecting on the Widely Discussed T opic of Chinese Traditional CultureIn the ever-evolving tapestry of Chinese society, the enduring thread of traditional culture continues to weave its way through the modern world.The topic of Chinese traditional culture has become a widely discussed普命题in various contexts, from academic settings to casual conversations among friends and family.This essay aims to delve into the significance and manifestations of Chinese traditional culture, while also addressing its relevance in today"s society.First and foremost, Chinese traditional culture encompasses a rich tapestry of history, philosophy, art, and literature.It is a reflection of the ancient wisdom and values that have been passed down through generations.This includes Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, which have shaped the moral and ethical fabric of Chinese society.The Four Books and Five Classics, such as the Analects and the Mencius, serve as the cornerstone of Chinese philosophy and ethics.In terms of art and literature, Chinese traditional culture is characterized by its delicate brushwork in painting, intricate calligraphy, and profound poetry.These art forms often convey themes of nature,harmony, and the pursuit of inner peace.Traditional Chinese architecture, with its unique design and intricate details, also reflects the cultural values and aesthetics of ancient China.Furthermore, Chinese traditional culture is closely intertwined with the importance of family and community.Filial piety and respect for elders are deeply ingrained in the culture, reflecting the value placed on continuity and heritage.Chinese festivals and traditions, such as the Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Dragon Boat Festival, serve as important milestones in the Chinese calendar, reinforcing family bonds and cultural identity.Despite the rapid modernization and globalization of Chinese society, traditional culture remains relevant and influential.Many Chinese people continue to embrace traditional practices and values, whether it be through celebrating festivals, practicing traditional medicine, or engaging in martial arts.Traditional culture also finds its way into contemporary art, literature, and film, as directors and artists draw inspiration from the rich cultural heritage of China.However, it is important to acknowledge the challenges faced by traditional culture in the face of modernization.The rapid pace of urbanization and the influence of Western culture have led to the erosion of traditional practices and values in some areas.Efforts must be made to preserve and promote traditional culture, both within China andinternationally, to ensure that future generations can appreciate and learn from this invaluable heritage.In conclusion, the topic of Chinese traditional culture is a multifaceted and thought-provoking普命题that elicits a deep reflection on the country"s rich history and cultural identity.From its profound philosophical teachings to its intricate art forms and close-knit family values, traditional culture continues to shape the lives of Chinese people today.By embracing and preserving this heritage, China can continue to foster a sense of national identity and cultural pride in the face of a rapidly changing world.中文文档：标题：谈谈中国传统文化普命题作文在中国社会不断发展的今天，传统文化依然在现代世界中扮演着重要的角色。
中国文化介绍英文版(Chinese Culture introduction)
Edited By Juan Yong
中国
文化 Base of Culture: Yin Yang and Tai Chi
Tai Chi
Yin (Female)
Yang (Male)
Simple Unbalance
Fight Still Oct 2011
Complex Balance
Peace Move
Seven kinds of tea divided by colors
Golden
Blue
Yellow
Black
White
Green
Red
Oct 2011
Edited By Juan Yong
中国
文化 Opera: An dying art for young people
The face color means character
中国
文化 For Public Relationship
Foreigners
Chinese
Edited By Juan Yong
中国
文化 When show people’s opinion
Foreigners
Chinese
Edited By Juan Yong
中国
文化 On weekend’s street
About 3000BC
2100--1600BC Xia Dynasty
1600--1100BC Xia Dynasty
1100--771BC West Zhou Dynasty
771—256BC East Zhou Dynasty
Oct 2011
221—207BC Qin Dynasty
中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课发微的论文
中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课发微的论文中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课发微的论文[摘要]将中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课是促进学生全面发展的需要，是增强民族文化主体性的需要，是适应英语教学改革的需要，是实现文化强国战略的需要。
中英文化互补性强，有可读性强的教科书，有可靠的师资来源。
将中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课，能帮助学生熟悉本民族传统文化，促进学生的全面发展。
[关键词]英语专业学生；中国文化概论；必要性；可行性虽然《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》（以下简称《大纲》）也将中国文化概论列为英语专业的相关专业知识课程之一，以让学生“熟悉中国文化传统”，但因其性质为“选修”，故其效果很不理想。
当前，英语专业学生在花费多年心血学习英语收效甚微的同时，渐渐对中国优秀的传统和文化淡而远之，甚至一无所知；在英语课堂上提及某个中国文化现象时，“不知道”是最常见的答案之一。
在一次英美文学选读考试中，笔者给英语专业学生编制了一道题目：用英文写出五个中国传统节日和各自相应的日期，分值为7分。
统计显示，在206名学生中，该题得0～3分的共152人，占总人数的73％；得4～5分的人数为46人，占22％；得5～7分的共9人，占5％。
平均分仅为2．71分。
甚至有许多学生写了感恩节、万圣节以及圣诞节。
由此可见，多年片面强调英语的学习已造成学生中国文化常识严重缺失，英语专业学生“去中国文化”的趋势日益凸显。
鉴于此，各高校应审时度势，及时调整课程设置计划，在必修课中开设中国文化概论课程，以帮助学生熟悉母语文化和促进学生的全面发展。
一、将中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课的必要性（一）将中国文化概论列为英语专业必修课是促进学生全面发展的需要《大纲》规定，高等学校英语专业的培养目标是“培养具有扎实的英语语言基础和广博的文化知识”。
2000年修订后的新《大纲》不仅对“扎实的英语语言基础”这一目标做了具体说明，而且在文化素养方面也提出了明确的目标和要求。
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CHINESE FOLK CULTUREFolk culture has strong folklore and unique characteristics; it is a kind of culture that forms among the working people rather than governmental authority. Folk culture, also known as popular culture, is the basis of Chinese traditional culture. In China, the Book of Songs is the earliest poetry that contains much folk cultural of Pre-Qin dynasty, which reflects that our country’s folk culture is rich and colorful and has extensive knowledge and profound scholarship. However, as the time flying, there are lots of changes happened in the aspects of folk culture. In the tide of globalization, the folk custom culture that the basis of Chinese traditional culture is fading away gradually nowadays. According to this background, we should analyze the new appearance and discuss the protection measures of the folk culture further. It is not only because the Folk culture is the culture of the whole community foundation, and has strong vitality. As we all know, superficial culture is often the top of folk culture, and it is the result of the adaptation and refinement results of the folk culture, but also for the reason that Folk culture of a country are the national spirit of the main component of the national culture are an important cornerstone. So it is critical for Chinese peo ple learning more details about their own country’s folk culture. The traditional festival, also known as moon festival, is china’s second traditional festival next to the spring festival. It is the most important part of our country’s folk culture.The five thousand years civilization of Chinese nation has bred brilliant folk culture, which forms the comparative advantage of industry development in folk culture resources. Chinese folk culture is famous to the whole world for it’s more than 5,000 years long history and its special existence forms. During the course of its long history, the hardworking Chinese people have created an ample material civilization as well as a splendid folk culture. In the field of folk culture, our people link the moon cakes and mid-autumn festival with Archer Yi, just like lots of people are fond of Associating Qu yuan and the dragon boat with the dragon boat festival, and combining sweeping day with honoring ancestor and new life.Mid-autumn Festivals is one of three major Chinese holidays, along with the spring festival and The Dragon Boat Festival. It is an important festival during the eighth month of lunar calendar, for which billions of Chinese people go back to their home and gather together with their families. Traditionally, on this day, Chinese family members and friends will gather to admire the bright mid-autumn harvest moon, and eat moon cakes and pommels together. Mid-autumn festival as well as mouthwatering food people eaten during the period of it and various activities people held in the process of celebrating this festival play an important role of traditional festival, they are also kinds of civil epitome of our country’s folk culture.Chinese people celebrate this significant festival from generations to generations since it was formed during the Xia and Shang dynasty. The mid-autumn festival is a traditional festival for both the Han and minority nationalities. There are also some records of the mid-autumn festival. The most popular records is that people believethe custom of worshipping the moon can be traced back as far as the ancient Xia and Shang dynasties (2000 B.C.—1066 B.C.). Early in the Zhou dynasty (1066 B.C.—221 B.C.), people hold ceremonies to greet winter and worship the moon whenever the mid-autumn festival sets in. then it becomes very prevalent in the Tang dynasty (618 –907A.D.) that people enjoy and worship the full moon. In the southern song dynasty (1127—1279A.D.), however, people send round moon cakes to their relatives as gifts in expression of their best wishes of the family reunion. And all families would get together on the evening of the mid-autumn festival to have ―the family reunion dinner‖ and eat the round moon cakes while enjoying the beauty of the full autumn moon. When it becomes dark, some people would look up at the full silver moon or go sightseeing on lakes to celebrate the festival. People from different ethnic groups in the same country differ from each other group in the way of celebrating the mid-autumn festival in details, the Tibetans, for instant, have their own tradition for the Mid-autumn Festival. But things have changed a bit after Ming dynasty. Since the Ming(1368—1644A.D.) and Qing dynasties (1644—1911A.D), the custom of mid-autumn festival celebration becomes unprecedented popular. Together with the celebration there appear a bit union in the way of celebrating the mid-autumn festival and some special customs in different parts of the country, such as burning incense, planting mid-autumn trees, lighting lanterns on towers and dancing the fire dragon dances which is prevalent in Hong Kong. The custom of playing under the moon, however, is not as popular as it used to be nowadays, but it is not less popular to enjoy the bright silver moon. On the other hand, it is also said that the festival originated in the imperial moon-worshipping ceremonies held when the moon was at its fullest on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. As the time flying, then this important activity honored by working people become more and more popular among the people. Whenever the mid-autumn festival sets in, people will look up at the full silver moon, drinking wine to celebrate their happy life or thinking of their relatives and friends far from home, and extending all of their best wishes to them. So the full moon gradually becomes a medium of communication and spiritual sustenance.The traditional food marking the festival is the moon cake, whose round shape symbolizes both the fullness of the moon and family togetherness. About the moon cakes there are lots of legends. The most popular one among the Chinese people is the legend that happened in Yuan dynasty. During the Yuan dynasty china was ruled by the Mongolian people. Leaders from the preceding sung dynasty were unhappy at submitting to the foreign rule, and set how to coordinate the rebellion without being discovered. The leaders of rebellion, knowing that the moon festival was drawing near, ordered the making of special cakes. Backed into each moon cake was a message with the outline of the attack. On the night of the moon festival, the rebels successfully attached and overthrew the government. Nowadays, the special cakes are eaten to commemorate this legend and were called the moon cake. People celebrate this traditional activity from generations to generations by eating various mouthwatering moon cakes and enjoying the beauty of the full autumn moon, the levels of the moon cakes gradually improved. As the rapid development of mooncakes manufacturing technology, nowadays the moon cakes have been made with sweet fillings of nuts, beans, Chinese dates, wheat and rice, it also include various other annexing agents. Usually something like egg yolk, milk and cheers can be found in the moon cakes, that is why the moon cakes are usually taste very sweet, soft and very delicious. It follows that people in vast increasing number compare moon cakes to the plum pudding and fruit cakes which are served in the english-spoken country’s important festivals. The round moon cakes, measuring about three inches in diameter and one and half inches in thickness, resembled western fruitcakes in taste and consistency. Originally, these cakes were just made with simple ingredients such as melon seeds, lotus seeds, beans, lard, triticum aestivum and rice. With the rapid development of social economy and technology, nowadays the moon cakes are being made with various new ingredients which only can be produced in our modern society. Recently, there are a variety of moon cakes in the moon cakes markets. But overall, the cake that a golden yolk from a salted duck egg was placed at the center of each cake, and the golden brown crust was decorated with symbols of the festival is the most common cake. Even though the moon and reunionare what mid-autumn festival celebration is all about, there are also lots of activities held in mid-autumn festival such as dancing fire dragon dance(跳火龙舞), Watching the Tide（观海潮）, Worshiping Months(祭月拜月).The Mid-Autumn festival is Chinapeople's own unique festival. No matter when people refers to the mid-autumn festival, this traditional festival naturally leads us to the beautiful frames of family reunion and the picture described in the famous poem over moon festival as well as those great man of literature and writing that define our history. This traditional festival plays a very important role of our country’s folk culture. It gave us too much good cultural meaning and exerted a far reaching influence on Chinese people’s life even those Asian people’s life. it ma de our life more colorful, but what is the most important is that it Enriched our folk culture greatly and made a great contribution in spreading our culture as well as enhancing the influence of our culture in the world since more and more Asian countries’ people also have a ceremonious celebration to celebrate the coming of mid-autumn festival just like what we do during this traditional festival. Recently, the new national public holiday plan adds three traditional festivals– spring festival, Dragon-boat Festival and Mid Autumn Festival -- to the list of public holidays, which reflects that our country are playing more and more attention to the folk culture. It also passes on a message to us that we, as the citizen of our country, should to pay close attention to the development as well as the future of the folk culture.商务英语4班Jackson (zuo)。