高考英语it-的基本用法
高考英语复习 It的用法讲解
It 的用法一链接高考二主要内容1. 作人称代词或非人称代词2. 指无生命的东西或不详的性别3. 作形式主语4. 作形式宾语5. 用于强调句型中6. 用于几种特殊句式中三练一练一链接高考●主要形式：语法填空、写作等●考点：1. 作人称代词或非人称代词2. 指无生命的东西或不详的性别3. 作形式主语4. 作形式宾语5. 用于强调句型中（时态问题）6. 用于几种特殊句式中（特殊句式用于写作的积累）二·主要内容“It”的用法极其广泛,既可以作人称代词,也可以作非人称代词,表示时间、距离、气候等；既可以充当形式主语和形式宾语,也可以用于强调句结构中;它还常常用在某些动词或特殊词类之后,构成习惯用语。
下面就其使用的重点及难点,分门别类地加以总结。
1. 作人称代词,可以用来代替人、物或事；亦作非人称代词，表示时间、天气、季节、距离等。
It i s r aining c ats a nd d ogs. 雨下得很大。
It is a long way to the college. 大学距这儿很远。
It is eight o’clock sharp now. 现在是8点整。
2. 指无生命的东西，性别不详或性别无关紧要时，可用“It”来指动物，幼童等。
The baby cried because it was hungry。
小宝贝因为饿而哭了。
3. 作形式主语英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时，主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻，这时就需要借助“It”作形式上的主语，而把整个句子的主语移到句子后边去，使句子看上去平稳一些。
It is difficult to study and work at the same time.一边工作一边学习很难。
It is very clear that the elephant's l eg is round a nd tall like a tree.大象的腿跟树干一样圆而高，这点显而易见。
英语语法：高中英语It的用法
【导语】"It"⽤法及其句型和固定搭配，是⾼中英语语法的重点、难点，⼜是近⼏年⾼考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，⽆忧考整理了“it的⽤法”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注⽆忧考！⼀、It⽤作实词表达以下概念:指代前⽂提到的事物，如前⽂中的this, that；替代前⽂中的内容；指代⼀位性别不明的⼩孩或未知的⼈；指代未指明但谈话双⽅都知道的那件事；指代时间、天⽓、⽓候、距离等⾃然现象……⼆、It⽤作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，⽽把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为:(1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…例: It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.(2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此处adj. 通常为描述⼈的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.例: It's kind of you to help me with the problem.(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型:It's no good/use doing…It's (well)worth doing…It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do…It's (well)worth while doing/ to do例: It's no use crying over spilt milk（覆⽔难收）.2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型：(1) It is + noun +从句例: It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.(2) It is adj. +clauseIt's surprising that… (should)………竟然……It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然……例: It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)(3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that…例: It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)(4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do例: It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)(5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）例: It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)(6) It is v-ed that … (should)…(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend例 It is suggested that they should begin with the third question.三、It作主语的句型1. It takes sb. … to do…(=sb takes…to do…)某⼈⽤多长时间做某事例: It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.)2. It's (just)(un)like sb. to do…（不）像某⼈做某事的风格例: It was (just) like him to think of helping us.3. It's (about/high) time that… should /v-ed…是该做某事的时候了例: It's(about/high) time that we should take action.4. It's the x-th time (that) … have v-ed…第⼏次做某事了例: It's the third time that he has failed the driving test.5. It is/has been… since …continuous v-ed(延续性动词) 某动作持续了多长时间例: It's 10 years since he lived here6. It was(not)… before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发⽣了例: It was not long before they arrived.四、It 作形式宾语⽤来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，⽽把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
高考英语一轮复习 it的用法讲解
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校高考英语一轮复习讲解：it的用法【知识要点】It的用法（一）作人称代词1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （it 代替后面的air）They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. （it代替前面They…town分句中的情况）2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。
e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it代替前面的tree）The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby）3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。
e.g. ---- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter.---- Who is it?---- It’s me.---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children.---- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.4、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。
e.g. ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。
高考重点：It的用法以及含有it的句型
高考重点：It的用法以及含有it的句型英语中it 一词结构看似简单，但其词义广泛，使用范围很广，常令一些初学者感到头痛。
It用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点,在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点，其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行，偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。
因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。
下面笔者就it的用法简单归纳如下。
一、代替上文中提到过的人或事物。
指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。
1) －Who is the baby? －It‘s my teacher’s son．2) －Who is that gentleman? －It's my friend Tom．He(不可用It) wants to see you．不定代词one 指代前文提到的同类事物之一，而it 特指上文中提到的同一事物。
试对比：This pair of shoes is small. May I have another one？（泛指的另一双）这又鞋子太小了，再拿一双给我看看好吗My pen is missing.Ican’td find it.我的钢笔丢了找不到了(it指my pen)二. it 作为无人称动词的主语，表示天气，时间，距离，环境情况等等。
这时的it 不指某个具体的东西。
没有明确的含义。
译成汉语可不必译出来。
如1).It‘s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．从这儿到我们学校是步行一个小时的路程2) It‘s nice and warm here．这里非常暖和3) But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to school．两点了该是上学的时间了4) It’s quite close in the room . Let’s open the window for a while。
高考英语It的用法精讲(13页)
高考英语It的用法精讲一链接高考二主要内容1. 作人称代词或非人称代词2. 指无生命的东西或不详的性别3. 作形式主语4. 作形式宾语5. 用于强调句型中6. 用于几种特殊句式中三练一练一链接高考●主要形式：语法填空、写作等●考点：1. 作人称代词或非人称代词2. 指无生命的东西或不详的性别3. 作形式主语4. 作形式宾语5. 用于强调句型中（时态问题）6. 用于几种特殊句式中（特殊句式用于写作的积累）二·主要内容“It”的用法极其广泛,既可以作人称代词,也可以作非人称代词,表示时间、距离、气候等；既可以充当形式主语和形式宾语,也可以用于强调句结构中;它还常常用在某些动词或特殊词类之后,构成习惯用语。
下面就其使用的重点及难点,分门别类地加以总结。
1. 作人称代词,可以用来代替人、物或事；亦作非人称代词，表示时间、天气、季节、距离等。
It i s r aining c ats a nd d ogs. 雨下得很大。
It is a long way to the college. 大学距这儿很远。
It is eight o’clock sharp now. 现在是8点整。
2. 指无生命的东西，性别不详或性别无关紧要时，可用“It”来指动物，幼童等。
The baby cried because it was hungry。
小宝贝因为饿而哭了。
3. 作形式主语英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时，主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻，这时就需要借助“It”作形式上的主语，而把整个句子的主语移到句子后边去，使句子看上去平稳一些。
It is difficult to study and work at the same time.一边工作一边学习很难。
It is very clear that the elephant's l eg is round a nd tall like a tree.大象的腿跟树干一样圆而高，这点显而易见。
高考英语it-的基本用法
3. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是tha）＂ 是主语从句最常见的一种结 构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
11. It is ... when ...。 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指 时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候， 是．．．＂ It was 5 o’clock when he came here. 12. It be ... before ... 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过 去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为＂．．．之 后．．．＂。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的 happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
高考英语it用法
高考英语it用法在高考英语中，“it”的用法是一个重要且常考的知识点。
掌握“it”的各种用法，对于提高英语成绩和语言理解能力有着至关重要的作用。
首先，“it”可以用作人称代词，指代前文提到过的事物或情况。
比如：“I bought a book yesterday It is very interesting”在这个句子中，“it”指代的就是前面提到的“book”。
“it”还常被用作非人称代词，表示天气、时间、距离、温度等。
例如，“It's sunny today”（天气）“It's five o'clock”（时间）“It's a long way from here to the station”（距离）“It's very cold”（温度）在强调句中，“it”的作用也十分突出。
强调句的基本结构是：“Itis/was ＋被强调部分＋ that/who ＋句子其他部分”。
通过这种结构，可以强调句子中的主语、宾语、状语等成分。
比如：“It was Tom who broke the window”强调的是主语“Tom”；“It was yesterday that I met him”强调的是时间状语“yesterday”。
“it”作形式主语也是高考中的常见考点。
当句子的主语过长，为了避免头重脚轻，通常会用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。
常见的句型有：“It is ＋ adj ＋（for/of sb）to do sth”，例如：“It is important for us to learn English well” 还有“It takes sb some time to do sth”，像“It took me two hours to finish my homework”“it”作形式宾语的情况也不少见。
常见的结构为“find/think/consider/make ＋ it ＋ adj／n ＋to do/doing/that”，例如：“I find it difficult to learn math” 这里“it”代替了后面的“to learn math”，使句子结构更加平衡。
it的用法
常见的固定用法有: make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间 forget it 别提了，忘了它吧 Don’t mention it 别提了，表示不用谢 It doesn’t matter 没关系 It(That) depends 视情况而定 You guessed it 你猜着了 It’s hard to say 很难说 It’s up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
5. It takes sb. ... to do sth. “做...要花费某人...” 成千上万的人们花了好些年才建好了长城。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
6. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ...
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
13. It is suggested/ordered /demanded/insisted/ commanded...+that 从句(should) do sth. 人们建议会议推迟。
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 有命令说我们要在两个小时内到达那里。
12. It is important / necessary/strange/ natural...+ that 从句(should) do sth. 我们学好英e (should) learn English well.
他把这些单词记好是很必要的。
高考英语综合复习：考点透析“it的用法”
高考英语综合复习：考点透析“it的用法〞代词ita．用作人称代词，代替前文提到的事物b．代替指示代词this，thatc．表示时间、天气、距离、季节、明暗等引导词it it指时间时的重要句型a．It is(high) time(that) 主语+should do／did sth．It is(high) time that this problem was solved．b．It is…since…It is two years since he came to work in this city．c．It be…before…It will be three years before we can meet again．it 可做引导词，在句中做形式主语、形式宾语。
it 做形式主语的常用句型a．It is ／was＋adj.＋for／of sb．to do sth．It was difficult for her to move so heavy a box．b．It is／was＋adj．＋that…It was clear that he was lying to us．c．It is＋V～ed＋that…It is reported that our team has won the gold medal．d．It seems／appears／happens that…It seemed that he had known the truth．It so happened that I was standing at the gate when the guests arrived．e．It matters／doesn’t matter that…It matters a lot whether he will agree to our plan．f．It is no use／no good／no harm doing sth．It’s no good arguing with him．it 做形式宾语的常用句型(S代主语，V代谓语动词)a．S＋V＋it＋adj．／n．＋to do sth．We consider it a great honor to be able to host the 2008 Olympic Gamesb．S＋V＋it adj.／n．doing sth．They find it no use searching the empty house．Do you consider it any good trying again?c．主语＋谓语＋it＋that／when…I don’t like it when you shout at me．强调句：It is／was＋被强调成分＋who／that…如:如下句子中可对四处划线局部进展强调。
高考英语中的it的用法、常用句型
It pleases me that he should want to talk with me. It so happened that he had just left for Tianjin. ★ “It +动词的被动语态+主语从句”。常用于 本句型的动词主要有accept, admit, allow, announce等。如： It’s accepted that the universe is endless. It is generally admitted that he is a trustworthy person. It was announced that all prisoners would be set free.
2）动词+介词+ it + that从句 能用于此句型的主要有：depend on, answer for, see to。如： You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.
I can’t answer for it that the boy is honest.
★ “It + be +名词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用 “（should +）动词原形”。常用于本句型的主 要有a pity, a shame, no wonder, no accident等。 如：
It is a great pity that he should be so greedy.
It is a shame that he should attempt to injure the
2020高考英语一轮语法考点与训练---It的用法和there be结构附解析
高三一轮语法回顾与训练---It的用法和there be结构1.代词it常用来指代前文提到的事或物，还用在各种特殊句型中。
there be表示“存在”，可用在不同时态和句型中。
2.考点归纳一、it用法1. it用作形式主语（1）It + be + adj. + 主语从句It is clear（obvious / true / possible / certain…）+ that / whether…从句…It is essential（important / necessary / right / strange / natural…）+ that从句…（should + 动词原形）It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.It is important that we should learn English well.（2）It + be + 名词词组+ 主语从句It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.（3）It + 不及物动词（seem / appear / happen / turn out…等）+ 主语从句（看来/ 似乎/ 碰巧/ 证明是）It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.（4）It’s + adj. + for / of + sb. + to do sth特别注意：如何选择介词for 或of？如果该句型中的形容词是用来说明“某人”的性格或品质（如kind, good, nice, wise, stupid, clever, foolish, silly, impolite, selfish, considerate ...）时，介词用of（“某人”和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构），其它情况介词用for。
高考英语考点 15 It的用法
考点十五It的用法it作为代词用法非常灵活，可用于代替上文中提到的事物，代替上文中说到的一件事，代替不知情的人（尤其是不知身份、性别和姓名的人）。
也可用于表示时间、天气、距离、计算结果等。
还可用来代替不定式、动名词、从句等，充当形式主语或形式宾语。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情，没有性别的区分；可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，在句子中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语。
1. 指动物和植物。
☞ Look at that bird. It always comes to my window. 看看那只鸟。
它总是飞到我的窗前来。
2. 指代无生命的东西。
☞This is my watch. It’s made in Switzerland. 这是我的手表。
它是瑞士产的。
3. 代替上文提到过的整个事情。
☞Well, you mustn’t play on the road. It’s dangerous! 哦，你不能在马路上玩。
这是危险的！二、用于指代人1. 指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。
☞—Who is knocking at the door? ——谁在敲门？—It’s me. ——是我。
2. 指说话者心目中的那个人。
☞—Look, someone is coming. Who can it be? ——看，有人过来了。
他可能是谁呢？—It may be the headmaster. ——可能是校长。
3. 在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。
☞—Who’s that? ——那人是谁？—Is it Helen? ——是海伦吗？—Yes, I think you’re right. It’s Helen. ——是的，我想你说对了，是海伦。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等1. 表示时间。
☞—What’s the date? ——今天是几月几日？—It’s the third of March. ——今天是3月3日。
高中英语it的用法课件-(详细有高考题-精品)
动词 +it + that + clause
enjoy, like, / love, dislike, appreciate hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to / depend on / insist on
例 : I hate it you can dance so well but I can't.
2.非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等， 称为非人称的it： ⑴.指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t it? It is a bit windy.
⑵.指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
⑶.指环境:
no good 3. S + V + it +
no use
+ doing sth.
形式宾语归纳
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，记忆方便---“6123结构”。
6 主句中常用的动词： think,believe,make,find,consider,feel； 1 形式宾语it； 2 宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3 真正宾语的三种形式：
an honour
…
… said It is / was p.p. known + that-clause believed
…
1. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that .....
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主 语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
高考英语It的用法
It的用法（专项总结及训练）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.．二、.非人称代词1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等：⑴.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it?⑵.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.⑶.指日期:It is April First today.⑷.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou.⑸.指价值:It is three dollars.⑹.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade.三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：①Who is it there? It's I (me/you/he.....).②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she.③Her face lighted when she saw who it was.2.泛泛的指某件事：(有时泛指一般情况)①It doesn’t matter.②It is a shame, isn’t it?③How is it going?(情况怎样)④It says in the newspaper that......3.指最好的或最渴望得到事物①He thinks he’s it. 他一直以为自己是最佳人选。
高考英语It的用法
高考英语It的用法It是高考英语中一个极其重要的词，其用法多样，在不同的语境中具有不同的意义。
下面我们将从it的用法、句型和固定搭配三个方面进行讲解。
一、it用作实词1、表示时间、天气、距离、温度等自然现象。
例如：It is Monday today.今天是星期一。
It is raining outside.外面正在下雨。
It is 5 kilometers away from here.距离这儿有5公里远。
2、表示观点、看法、态度等主观想法。
例如：I think it is a good idea.我认为这是一个好主意。
We think it is important to learn English well.我们认为学好英语很重要。
二、it用作形式主语当不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的主语放在句尾。
例如：It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
It took me an hour to finish the homework.我花了一个小时完成作业。
三、it用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的宾语放在句尾。
例如：I think it is important to learn English well.我认为学好英语很重要。
He found it hard to learn English well.他发现学好英语很难。
四、it用于强调句型中强调句型是英语中一个重要的句型，用于突出强调某个成分，特别是主语、宾语和状语等。
在强调句型中，it没有实际意义，只是起到引导作用。
例如：It is I who am the best student in my class.我是班里最好的学生。
高考英语it用法解析及高考真题
2、含有“It is …”的句型 （1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气) （2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do
sth. 通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、 hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、 silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。
（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that… （7）It is/was + 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。 It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约 已经五个月了。 It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约 已经五个月了。 （注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果 是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时 算起。）
高考系列
高考英语语法知识点梳理系列
it 用法
1、it的基本用法 （1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. （2）用以代替提示代词this, that。 —What’s this? —It’s a knife. —Whose watch is that? —It’s mine.
（9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that … It is the first time that I have been here. It was the second time that he had seen the film. （10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做 某事。 It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
高考英语：it的用法
2）真实主语是主语从句。常见句型如下： a. It + be +名词+主语从句。如：
It is a great pity (that) he can't swim. It was no accident (that) such a book (should) appear in the 18th century. It was a puzzle whether he should get married. It was a mystery how the thieves got in.
from a store kman that Alice bought from a store last week. （强调宾语a walkman）
③It was from a store that Alice bought a Walkman last week. （强调地点状语from a store）
4. 强调句型用于特殊疑问句，被强调的通常 是疑问词。
注意：此强调句型不能强调谓语动词。若需 强调谓语动词，常用“助动词do / does / did + 动词原形”。
四、一些含it的固定句型 As someone puts it, ... 像某人所说的那样，…… Please see to it that ... 请务必…… When it comes to ... 当提到……时 It looks / seems as if ... 看起来好像…… It's time for sth. 该做某事了
高考英语和法一轮复习——It的用法总结(附答案)
it的用法归纳it既可以用作代词，也可以用作引导词（作形式主语或形式宾语），还可以用来构成强调句型。
一、用作代词——这是it的基本用法。
1. 指事物-----指代上文或刚提到的事物，以避免重复。
I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。
It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。
—“Where is the dog?”—“It’s in the bedroom.”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。
Shanghai is a beautiful city, isn’t it?2. 指人-----指代未知性别的婴儿或身份不明确的人。
----Is this your dog？-----No, it isn’t.Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman.Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3. 代替某些代词。
还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。
如：“What’s this?”“It’s a new machine.”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。
Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗?4. 指抽象事物:It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．You’ve helped me a lot. I shall never forget it.I tried my best to persuade him to give up smoking, but it didn’t help.[辨析] 代词it ,one 和that.（1）it代替的是前面提到的同一名称的同一事物，即同名同物。
高考英语二轮专题总复习 语法精选代词it用法讲义
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精选代词it用法讲义it 的用法在高考经常被考查，仔细分析一下近几年的高考试题，我们不难发现，it用法主要是围绕其作代词时的用法、其作引导词的用法和其表示强调的用法的考查，本文就此作一归类透视，并提出一些提示，希望能对同学们很好地复习备考it这一用法有所帮助。
考点一、it作代词时的用法1．用作人称代词，代替前文提到的事，例如：The snake is not a warm—blooded animal. It’s a cold blooded one. 蛇不是温血动物，它是冷血动物。
2．用以代替指示代词，例如：---What’s this ? ---- It’s a book. ----这是什么？ ---- 这是一本书。
3．起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物，例如：----Who’s knocking at the door ? ---- It’s me .---谁在敲门？ ----- 是我。
4．指时间、季节、天气、距离、环境等，例如：It’s very cold outside. Put on more clothes. 外面非常冷，多穿点衣服。
5.替代词“it, one与that”区别和联系it用来指代前面提到的同一个事物或人；one用来指代前面同名异物的名词, 指的是同类中的一个，所以属于泛指，相当于“a/an+名词”。
one只能代替可数名词，其复数形式是ones；that用来指代前面同名异物的名词，指的是同类中的一个，属于特指，相当于“the+名词”。
that既能代替不可数名词，也能代替可数名词，其复数形式是those。
Do you need my pen? No, thanks, I have got one. (= a pen)你要用我的钢笔吗？不，我自己有一支。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. (= the weather 不可数名词)北京的气候要比上海（的气候）冷得多。
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2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状 语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可 以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
㈠ 1.it作人称代词
1.1.it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物， 以避免重复: Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it? 1.2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isn’t. 1.3.也可指抽象事物: It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．
4. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同， that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）， should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported， learned....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语 从句；该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句 不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态，。至于用什么完成时态， 由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面 从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用 过去完成时态，该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换．常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10. It is .... since ...。 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段 时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时 态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去 时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则 用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
11. It is ... when ...。 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指 时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候， 是．．．＂ It was 5 o’clock when he came here. 12. It be ... before ... 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过 去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为＂．．．之 后．．．＂。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的 happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
㈡.it的重要句型 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面， 其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语， 宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可 以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该 是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其 它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.
18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻 辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示 重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况 的形容词。 常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant等。 =在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
3. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引 导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的， 肯定．．．）＂ 是主语从句最常见的一种结 构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
2.非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等， 称为非人称的it： 2.1.指天气： It is a lovely day, isn’t it? It is a bit windy.
2.2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 2.3.指环境: It was very quiet in the café. 2.4.指距离： It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre. 3.it的其他用法 3.1.表示谁在做某事的句子： Who is it? ---It’s me. Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 3.2.用来泛泛的指某件事： So you are going to be married this time？When is it？ It doesn’t matter. It is a shame, isn’t it?
17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定 式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必 须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心 的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为： sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kisay so.
6. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过 去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时， that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动 词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建议； 有命令．．．） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
14. It takes sb. ... to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句 型中的直接宾语是时间，常译为＂做．．．要花费某 人．．．＂。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可 以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句 型常译为 ＂不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。 It doesn’t matter if they are old.