2020年高考模拟复习知识点试卷试题之写作---上海高考英语一模专题
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作(含答案)(精校版)
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.【答案】The Zeiguvnik Effect is that you always remember unfinished matter, which can be well used. The effect helps you overcome procrastination and have a good start. The effect is effective for students to improve recall and remember things better. It also encourage people to finish work and improve psychological well-being. It can influence us positively in all aspect.【解析】要点中需要包括：1.The Zeigarnik Effect的定义2.三个好处容易出现的问题：主旨句不清晰；语言不够精炼。
上海市2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案
上海市2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共20小题；共两节，满分30分) （略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A72 hours in BeijingTraveling to China is no longer a luxury for many foreign passport holders. The Chinese governmenthas permitted a 72-hour visa-free policy that offers access to visitors from 53 countries including the US,France and Austria. Let’s start with the capital of China, Beijing Here's a pick of the best in Beijing!Mutianyu Great WallYour trip to Beijing isn't really complete without seeing one of the “New Seven Wonders of t World”, the Great Wall of China, The Mutia nyu section of the Great Wall is by far the most well-preservedof all. Taking a one hour bus ride, Mutianyu would be your ideal location for a half-day of hiking awayfrom the large crowds in the city. Also, the authorities have allowed tourists to paint graffiti on a specificsection of the Great Wall since 2014. The Great Wall was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in1987.798 Art ZoneThis would be on the top of my list! Named after the 798 factory that was built in the 1950s, the artzone is home to various galleries, design studios, art exhibition spaces, fashionable shops and bars. Youcould easily spend half your day wandering around the complex, feeling the contrast of the present and thepast.Summer PalaceLocated in northwestern Beijing, th e Summer Palace is by far the city’s most well-preserved royalpark. With its huge lake and hilltop views, the palace offers you a pastoral escape into the landscape oftraditional Chinese paintings. The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998.Sichuan Provincial Restaurant-known Peking duck, the Sichuan provincial While in Beijing, apart from trying the city’s bestrestaurant is one of places where you can enjoy regional delicious food. It offers one of Chinacuisines, Sichuan, which ranges from Mapo tofu to spicy chicken.21. Which of the following is true about the Mutianyu Great Wall?A. It is the most well-preserved part of the Great Wall.B. You can paint graffiti anywhereC. You need a half-day to get there.D. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 201422. When was the Summer Palace added to the UNESCO World Heritage List?A. In1950.B. In 1987C. In 1998D. In2014.23. Which place is the authors first choice when visiting Beijing?A. Mutianyu Great Wall.B. Summer Palace.C. 798 Art ZoneD. Sichuan Provincial Restaurant.BTRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Serviceeadership Training,(NPS) Trail V olunteers, but is useful to everyone! It’s based upon NPS Operational Lwhere the human factor of safety is explored. TRAIL SAFE! captures (捕捉) the core learning objectives ofthe 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.The TRAIL SAFE! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minuteslong. Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours up to you—but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons,send your training verification (验证) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed andregistered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GARcard in the mail for use in the field. Thank you for helping to make Sleeping Bear Dunes one of the safestwork environments for NPS Trail V olunteers like yourself.Ready to start?Click on this link to access all TRAIL SAFE! videos: https:///iatr/trail-safe.htmIf you require Audio Descriptive versions of TRAIL SAFE!, the link to those videos is also availableon the Ice Age Trail site.Record your participationIn order to receive credits for your participation, please fill in your answers to the following questionsand email to: Matthew_.●Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?●Ｎame of the Trail where you volunteer.●Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.●Names and addresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.●Optional: Please let us know any comments o r suggestions you have about this lesson.Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, you’ll receive yourTRAIL SAFE!pin and risk assessment card via mail.24. What is the aim of TRAIL SAFE!?A. To develop volunteers’ operationalleadership.B. To offer links to the websites for learning.C. To provide credits for viewing.D. To pass the risk assessment.25. How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?A. 18 minutes.B. 40 minutes.C. 3 hours.D. 16 hours.26. What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?A. Watch and register for all the series.B. Give some comments on the lessons.C. Send and receive training mails.D. Answer all of the questions.27. What can be inferred about the job of NPS Trail V olunteers?A. It is popular with everyone.B. It can be dangerous.C. It shall be completed online.D. It needs NPS working experience.C“Anything you want, anytime you need it.”The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day:December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the samemessage were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.One found its way to the desk of Chris Lin, a business reporter at The Post. The card was beautifullydesigned – a black background with the words printed out in crisp white letters. There was no explanationon the back, just a website address.Chris went to the website. Its style was identical to the ca rd’s and said:“Anytime: Starting Tomorrow.”The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shoppingit was awebsite like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked –household name before it’d even made a single sale.When the opening came, that day at noon, the Anytime website suddenly had a single field that read,“What do you want?” All you had to do was type the words into that box, and then specify how quickly youwanted your item delivered: within one, ten, or twenty-four hours.Bloggers were the first to test the service. And their reviews were glowing. Within weeks, Anytimehad become a part of daily life. Nobody used other delivery sites or the post anymore as Anytime was muchcheaper and faster.Chris still wondered what exactly Anytime was. He tried to find out who owned the company, but itwas registered in a small country that did not require such information to be made public. He did find someinteresting facts, though. Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. Agovernment official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news storiessuddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court diedin a car accident just days before the case was to begin.Chris began making a list of all the people who had something terrible happen to them after opposingor criticising Anytime. By lunch, he had more than one hundred examples. Something was definitely wrong.Chris worked on his list the rest of the day, emailing people who could provide more information andlooking through newspaper records. After working through the night, an exhausted Chris finally fell asleepat his desk at 4 a.m..When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stotrouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.28. What was on the front of the card sent to Chris Lin?A. An invitation to a company opening.B. The website address of a new company.C. The words “Anytime:Starting tomorrow”．D. The words “Anything you want, anytime you need it”．29. Why did the company choose to send the cards to many news reporters?A. Because it didn’t have enough money for traditional advertising.B. Because it wanted to attract the reporters as customers.C. So the reporters would write stories about the new company.D. So people would find the new company interesting.30. What did Chris’ s research suggest aboutAnytime?A. It may be very dangerous.B. Its popularity would soon decrease.C. It was doing business all over the world.D. It was being widely criticised by journalists.31. How did Chris feel at the end of the story?A. Scared that he would get into trouble.B. Confident that he would find the truth.C. Nervous about what the company would do.D. Satisfied that he had discovered the company’s secret.DConnecting with people has become so much easier with advancing technology. Tasks that oncerequired a postage stamp or carrier pigeon are now as simple as tapping a name or even a face on yourscreen, and you’re connected. But also easier is unconsciously getting caught up in a dilemma by violatingcertain new r ules for communicating. A big one for some: Don’t call until you’ve texted to confirm it to call. But that’s just the beginning.“I’m usually pretty mild and not much bothers me,” said Mark Angielle, a 29-year-old office managerfrom White Plains, New York. But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terribleone-word message —“K.”“At the very least reply with, Got it.” he said “At least give me a few where. You’re not that busy.”There are hundreds, perhaps even thousands, of others who have taken Lo social media to expresstheir distaste for people who don’t follow the unwritten rules of digital communication.“These rules are simply a new display of a phenomenon we’ve seen in the past,” said James professor of communication a Virginia Tech. In the same way that generations and small groups of friendshave their own slang and customs, internet culture has given birth to technology-dependent beings thathave their own unique set of routine.But not everyone gets the point. Unlike language, digital communication can be filled with ambiguousclues (线索、迹象) that the person on the other end of the call, text or email may or may not easilyunderstand.“As soon as people aren’t talking face to face, the first thing that gets lost is some of the richness ofly fill that gap by using emoji (表情符号) to sum up athe body language,” Ivory said, “People immediatefeeling in seconds.“There's great potential for danger,” Ivory warned. “What's considered polite in one form might be inappropriate or rude in another occasion.”32. What can you infer about Mark from Paragraph 2?A. He is a businessman with a bad temper.B. He complains about social manners.- word messages.C. He can’t bear oneD. He dislike a busy business life.33. According to the text, which of the following breaks the rules for communicating?A. John says “I got it.” to his boss face to face.B. Jim calls Bill without confirming in advance.C. Mary texts Lily to make sure if she can call her.D. Jack sends “Thanks a lot” to his business friends.34. Why may people misunderstand each other during digital communication?A. Emoji cannot sum up feelings.B. People use their own slang and customs.C. There are large quantities of written rules.D. People gets wrong messages without clear clues.35. What are people expected to do after reading tie passage?A. To obey their own digital communication rules.B. To be aware of rules during digital communication.C. To use advancing technology even with disadvantages.D. To keep pace with digital communication development.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷
2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections : After reading the passage below , fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word , fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks , use one word that best fits each blank.1.Once upon a time …Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers . At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure 一a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard . (1) (inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories , listening to the folktales people told them . Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy talesthat would charm millions in faraway lands for generations (2) (come).The brothers Grimm , Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children published it in Germany in 1812 . The collection ( 3) (translate) into more than 160 languages up to now . The stories and their characters continue tofeature in virtually every media : theatre , opera, comic books, movies, paintings , rock music, advertisingand fashion .Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms . During their lifetimes the collection (4) (sell) few copies in Germany . The early editions were not even aimed at children . They had no illustrations , and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (5) . Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (6) Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon . The new rulers restricted local culture . As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany .(7) the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales , Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857 . In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents , he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles . To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories : keep your promises , don' t talk to strangers work hard , obey your parents .Yet (8) all Wilhelm ' s additithesmost important part of these stories was left untouched . The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories ' bad sampled . More than 1 , 000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame , which was (3) last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide . Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls ofDochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland , two or three pieces per litre were found .Microplastics are not a (4) kind of plastic , but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than5 mm in length according to the U . S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . They may (5) from a variety of sources , including cosmetics , clothing , and industrial processes .Humans are known to ( 6) the tiny plastic particles through food and water , but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined . One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can (7) harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches . They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound 8 8) in humans . "Microplastics are being found (9) everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing ," said Christian Dunn at Bangor University , Wales, who led the work . "It ' s no use looking back in 20 yearsIf only we ' d realized just how bad it waWe need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think , as a country and a world , how we can be reducing our (10) on plastic."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A , B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour — force participation rate of 55 — to 64 - year — olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ) countries has risen by eight percentage points . A new OECD report, “ Working Better with Age pointjs out that the employment of older workers is (1) , if prosperity is to be maintained . That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally (2) the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours . No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently . But work can keep the mind active and gives people a (3) in life . The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but (4) is sure to come . Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal . (5) , the company ofcolleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness .are Woiminghlcooigso meould be easier now that most jobs require (6) , rather than manual, labour . Ofparents .So what accounts for their popularity ? Some have suggested that it is (9) the characters are always striving for happiness . But the truth probably lies in their origin . Grimms' tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture . The brothers ' skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (10) moods or interests we bring to our reading of them . And so it was that the Grimms ' fairy tales lived happily ever afterSection BDirections : Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. distributedB . absolutelyC. infections D. consumeE. harborF. relianceG. potentialH. specificI. originateJ. respectivelyK. revealed Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years , scientists have found microplastics in our soil , tap water, bottled water , beer and even in the air we breathe . And there ' s growing concern about the 1) health risks they poseto humans . The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely ( 2) across all 10 lakes and riverscourse, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to ⑺ . That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age .(8), the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years . In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work — related pensions to supplement it .However, companies are gradually ( 9) pensions linked to final salaries with“ defined contributischemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be (10). The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates . Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children ) , making their difficulties even more (11). They need to keep working .Older workers may feel (12) , particularly when it comes to promotion . Two issues seem to hold(13) back. The first is that older workers tend to (14) higher salaries, because of the seniority system . The second is a (15) of skills; one in three 55 — to 65 — year — olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests . Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over — 55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes .s and Household Tales andnd saying：guys(1)A.shortsightedB.vitalC.adequateD.unnecessary(2)A.recognizingB.assessingC.questioningD.transforming(3)A.frameB.choiceC.lessonD.purpose(4)A.libertyB.boredomC.priorityD.motivation(5)A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Furthermore(6)A.mentalB.simpleC.physicalD.routine(7)A.proceedB.continueC.persistD.quit(8)A.In conclusionB.In other wordsC.In practiceD.In particular(9)A.replacingB.furnishingC.increasingbining(10 )A.registeredB.reinvestedC.refundedD.removed(11)A.personalB.severeC.emotionalD.practical(12 )petitiveB.dominantC.distinguishedD.disadvantaged(13 )A.employersB.researchersC.employeesD.female workers(14 )mandB.ensureC.opposeD.ignore(15 )A.rangeB.disciplineC.shortageD.s Section BDirections : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. Choose one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreograph called Three Virgins and a Devil . She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo . Again, she thought her work was solid, but it res commercial fame .Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success . In the comin Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2, 212 performances, both around the nation and abroad . In 1955, the film vers Academy Award .But the success of Oklahoma! didn ' t bring her much hapSh e sthought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average co of her other creations . She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a wo only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine . I began to think that perhaps my entire scale untrustworthy . I talked to Martha .”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20thcentury . (Although not as well — known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.)During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration . "I confessed that I desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be .”Graham responded by saying,“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into acti on, and beca only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique . And if you block it, it will never exist through any othe will be lost . The world will not have it . It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor with other expressions . It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open .”(1)What can be learned about de Mille ' s ballet named Rodeo A. Itearned her a large fortune .B.It made her rise to fame overnight .C.It didn ' t enjoy much essD. It laid a solid foundation for her career ..(2)How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma! ?A. Relieved.B. Ashamed.C. Confused.D. Proud..(3)) Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha GrahamA.was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB.enjoyed the same popularity as themD. Housing Options and SolutionsOn August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America'困0raMicoas t he boss of Tesla,anelectric — car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm ' s path would findthat their cars had.oomjddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge . Like many modernvehicles, Mr. Musk' s products are best thought of as internet- connected computers on wheels . The cheaper models in Tesla ' -sdineave parts of their batteries disabled by the car order'tosiBofttheiie inrange. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporaryaccess to the full power of their batteries .Mr. Musk' s computerized cars are just one example of a much broaier trend . As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an a internet of things ”Such a world will bring many benefits . Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non 一 computerized versions cannot . Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable .In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works . Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere . As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one .Start with ownership . As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their productseven after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods . That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear . When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds ). That shifts the balance of power from thecustomer to the seller .Virtual business models will in the physical world . Tech firms are generally happy to move fast andbreak things . But you cannot release the beta version (测试版) of a fridge . Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two . But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more . Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on .Data will be another flashpoint . For much of the internet the business model is to offer” freepaid for with valuable user data, collected with consent (同意) that is half — informed at best . In thevirtualworld, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical . In the real one, they will feel more urgent .Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard — especially one as universal as computing . The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry — eyed optimism . These days the internet ' s faults dominate the headlinesBut the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution — which should give them some idea of what to expect .11)From the passage we can tell that Tesla can. A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB.adjust the range of its battery powerC.charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained .(2)Which of the following is NOT an example of the a unresolved arguments " mentioned in the passageA.Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest .B.The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers (保费premiumsputerized machinery can ' t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenanceD. A high — tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves ..(3)The underlined word probably means in this context .A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand.(4)4) This passage is mainly about.A.how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB.the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC.what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD.different views on the current application of Internet Technology .Section CDirections : Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Creativity is associated with many factors .B.Rather, they should work to expand , grow , and exercise it.C.Without creativity , we are indistinguishable from the masses .D.However, creativity can be acquired at any age .E.It ' s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes fromF.Everyone has the capacity to be creative .Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America , 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than theyhad anticipated it would be when they were in school .11)It is of course possible to scan people ' s brains and see tw hich fping when an idea iscreated ,but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified . Creativity is what comes to youwhen you least expect it . You cannot demand creativity from your mind , nor can you demand that you areseeaices ithat paeticular way .One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people Another misconception isthat creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn and science in just the way it does to music andliterature .Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make thegreatest changes in the world . Consequently , it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity . ⑶Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not makesense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time inhistory for it . It used to be that people worked hard , went to university , and got a job . That was it. But now ,everyone works hard , goes to university — and there aren ' t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future . (4) Wecan use it to set ourselves apart , and channel it to face the challenges of thefuture .IV.Summary WritingDirections ： Read the following passage . Summarize the main idea and the main point ( s) of the passage in no more than60 words . Use your own words as far as possible .The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area . During the last 100 years , scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity . Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction . It is estimated that 140 ,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans . The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests . Most of this destruction is done to create pasture (牧场) for beef cattle . Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming , which supplies beef to the rest of the world . It is estimatedthat for each pound of beef produced , 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed . The forests are also cut down to makewheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption . The introduction of exotic (夕卜来的) species is another threat .The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife , whichcould potentially lead to the extinctions of local species . When exotic species are introduced to a place , they try to establish a self — sustaining population . While the local species , which haven ' t had a chance to evo,lveoften lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species .The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. Itis these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable(i. e. microscopic plants , decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms , namely their bodies . Their absence makes mostenergy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species . This makes the environment less suitable for healthyliving , and less capable of producing resources that humans need .V.TranslationDirections : Translate the following sentences into English , using the words given in the brackets.我家门口的街道成天车水马龙. (crowd )This is not trueext中国女排成功卫冕世界冠军，给全国人民以极大的鼓舞．（succeed） ____________本次“城市公共交通周”的活动旨在提高公众节能环保的意识．（aim）___________我实在想不通为什么大伙儿都觉得他这个人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和蔼可亲的．（strike）__________ VI.Guided WritingDirections : Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese假设你是陈芳．你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问．王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校．她通过邮件向你征求意见．写一封回信，内容须包括：I、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由．参考答案与试题解析2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections : After reading the passage below , fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word , fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks , use one word that best fits each blank.1.【答案】Inspired,to come,has been translated,wassold,themselves,when,Though/Although/While,despite,because,what/whatever【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】本文讲述了格林童话的作者的写作经历，分析了受欢迎的原因是格林的故事是在没有年龄和文化界限的讲故事传统的基础上诞生的.【解答】(1)Inspired .考查派生词.做状语，说明主语the brothers的状态，表示受到鼓舞的“，用形容词Inspired .(2)to come .考查动词不定式.做定语，修饰名词generations ,表示将要到来的“，用动词不定式tocome.(3)has been translated .考查谓语动词.和时间状语up to now 一致，用现在完成时态，和主语The collection构成被动关系，谓语动词用has been translated .(4)was sold.考查谓语动词.根据时间状语During their lifetimes ,可知谓语动词用过去式，和主语the collection构成被动关系，用was sold.(5)themselves .考查反身代词.代指the tales ,表示强调，用反身代词themselves .(6)when . 考查定语从句. 修饰先行词 a time , 做定语从句Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon的时间状语，用关系词when .(7)Though/Although/While .考查状语从句.本句表示虽然兄弟俩暗示他们只是在记录故事，威廉继续润色和重塑故事，直到1857年的最终版本.”，所以引导让步状语从句the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales , 用Though/Although/While .(8)despite .考查介词.修饰名词all Wilhelm ' s addition表示尽管“，用介词despite .(9)because.考查表示表语从句.本句表示这是因为角色总是在追求幸福”，所以引导表语从句the characters are always striving for happiness ,用连词because.(10)what/whatever . 考查宾语从句.弓I导宾语从句moods or interests we bring to our reading of them , 做从句的宾语，用what/whatever .Section BDirections : Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.【答案】G.potential,Adistributed,K . revealed,H. specific」. originate,Dconsume,Eharbor,Cinfections,Babsolutely,Frelia nce【考点】选词填空【解析】在过去的几年里，科学家们在我们的土壤、自来水、瓶装水、啤酒甚至我们呼吸的空气中发现了微型塑料，人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险.本文从多个研究角度呼吁人们需要想想，作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖.【解答】(1)G. potential .考查单词填空.根据句意人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险”可知表示潜在的”用G. potential .(2) A. distributed .考查单词填空.根据句意微型塑料广泛分布在所有10个湖泊和河流中.”可知表示分布“用A. distributed .(3)K. revealed .考查单词填空.根据句意塔姆河每升发现1000多小块塑料，去年被发现是世界上污染最严重的地方”可知表示揭示，发现”用K. revealed .(4)H. specific.考查单词填空.根据句意微塑料不是一种特定类型的塑料”可知表示特定的”用H.specific.(5)I. originate .考查单词填空.根据句意它们可以来源于多种来源，包括化妆品、服装和工业过程”可知表示来源于"用I. originate .(6) D. consume.考查单词填空.根据句意类通过食物和水摄入这些微小的塑料颗粒，”可知表示摄入”用D. consume.(7) E. harbor.考查单词填空.根据句意新加坡的一项研究发现，微型塑料可能藏匿有害微生物. ”可知表示藏匿”用E. harbor.(8) C. infections.考查单词填空.根据句意其中包括引起人类肠胃炎和伤口感染的昆虫. ”可知表示“‘用in humans.(9) B. absolutely .考查单词填空.根据句意微型塑料绝对是在任何地方都能被发现”可知表示绝对”用B. absolutely .(10) F. reliance .考查单词填空.根据句意作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖.可知表示依赖”用F. reliance .111.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A , B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.【答案】BADBDADCABBDAAC【考点】社会文化【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们为了自己的选择和需要而工作更长时间. 【解答】(1) B 考查形容词. A. shortsighted 近视；B. vital 重要的；C. adequate 充足的；D. unnecessary 没必要的；如果要保持繁荣，老年工人的就业至关重要.根据下一句 "That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally (2) the value of its older employees 这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值.”可知老年员工很重要.故选B.(2) A 考查动词. A. recognizing 辨认出；B. assessing 评估；C. questioning 质问；D. transforming 转变；这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值.故选 A. (3) D 考查名词.A. frame 框架；B. choice 选择；C. lesson 教训；D. purpose 目的；但是工作可以让 你的头脑保持活跃，给人们一个生活的目标.根据上一句 "But work can keep the mind active 可知说的是工作的好处.故选D.(4) B 考查名词.A. liberty 自由；B. boredom 无聊；C. priority 优先；D. motivation 动机；退休的头 一个月可能看起来很愉快，但无聊肯定会到来.根据下一句 "spending all week at home can lead to loneliness .可知不工作会很无聊.故选 B.(5) D 考查副词.A. However 然而；B. Instead 代替；C. Therefore 因此；D. Furthermore 此外；此外, 同事的陪伴提供了一个社交网络.故选 D.(6) A 考查形容词.A. mental 精神的；B. simple 简单的；C. physical 身体的；D. routine 日常；既然 大多数工作都需要脑力劳动，而不是体力劳动，那么延长工作时间应该会更容易些.根据下一句"ratherthanmanual, labour 而不是体力劳动，"可知是脑力劳动.故选 A.(7) D 考查动词.A. proceed 继续；B. continue 继续；C. persist 坚持；D. quit 退出；当然，许多人 之所以延长工作时间，并不是因为他们喜欢自己的工作，而是因为他们无力辞职.故选D.(8) C 考查介词短语. A. In conclusion 总之；B. In other words 换句话说； C. In practice 实际上；D. Inparticular 尤其；实际上，平均年龄实际退休的人与官方规定的年龄相差几年，故选 C.(9) A 考查动词.A. replacing 代替；B. furnishing 装饰；C. increasing 增力口； D. combining 联合；然而, 公司正逐步用固定缴款”计划取代与最终工资挂钩的养老金.故选A.(10)B 考查动词.A. registered 注册；B. reinvested 投资；C. refunded 退款； D. removed 移动；在后 者下，工人退休时会有一笔储蓄，需要再投资.故选B.(11)B 考查形容词.A. personal 个人的；B. severe 严重的；C. emotional 感情的；D. practical 实践 的；这要感谢在抚养孩子的这几年里，他们的困难更加严重，他们需要继续工作.故选B.(12)D 考查形容词.A. competitive 有竞争力的； B. dominant 优势；C. distinguished 杰出的；D. disadvantaged 劣势；老年工人可能会感到处于不利地位，尤其是在晋升方面.年老的工人在晋升方面肯 定是不利的.故选 D.(13)A 考查名词. A. employers 雇主； B. researchers 研究员 C. employees 顾工； D. female workers 女 工人；有两个问题似乎阻碍了雇主的发展.根据下文的 工人要求更高的薪水，技术的短缺 ”都是雇主需要考虑的问题.故选A.(14)A 考查动词.A. command 要求；B. ensure 确保；C. oppose 反对；D. ignore 忽视；首先是年长 的工人往往要求更高的薪水.故选 A.(15)C 考查名词.A. range 范围；B. discipline 纪律；C. shortage 短缺；D. set 放置；第二个问题是 技能短缺. 根据下——句 “one in three 55- to 65 — year — olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience orcannot pass technology tests .在经合组织国家，55至65岁的人中，有三分之一要么缺乏计算机经验，要么 无法通过技术测试.”可知是技术的短缺.故选C.Section BDirections : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【答案】C CD B【考点】 议论文阅读 科教类阅读 【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了艾格尼丝 ？德米勒作为一名舞蹈演员和编舞在职业生涯中获得的成功. 【解答】(1)C.细节理解题.根据文章第二段A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet namedRodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid , but it resulted in little commercial fame . 几年后， 德 ？米勒设 计了一部名为 罗多”的芭蕾舞剧，她又一次认为自己的作品是扎实的，但它并没有带来多少商业上的名 气.可知德米勒的芭蕾舞剧《牛仔竞技》它没有获得多少成功；故选C.(2)C.细节理解题.根据文章第四段She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared tosome of her other creations ,她以为她在俄克拉荷马州工作！与她的其他作品相比只是一般的.可知 德米勒 对音乐剧《俄克拉荷马州》的巨大成功感到困惑；故选C.(3)D,细节理解题.根据文章第五段 Martha was Martha Graham , perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century .(Although not as well - known by the general public , Graham has beencompared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright .玛莎是玛莎？格雷厄姆，也许是 20 世纪 最有影响力的舞蹈编导.(虽然公众并不那么有名，格雷厄姆被比作其他创作天才，如毕加索或弗兰克 ？劳埃德？赖特.可知文中提到毕加索和弗兰克 ？劳埃德？赖特是为了暗示玛莎？格雷厄姆是她所在领域最有影响力的艺术家；故选D.(4)B.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段The world will not have it . It is not your business to determine howgood it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions . It is your business to keep it yours clearly anddirectly , to keep the channel open .这个世界不会拥有它.这不是你的事来决定它有多好，它有多有价值， 它如何与其他表达方式相比.保持它的清晰和直接，保持频道开放是你的事.可知雷厄姆会认为你应该时刻 保持对激励你的欲望的开放；故选 B 【答案】B BC 【考点】 应用文阅读 广告布告类阅读 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个地区的集装箱的房子的特点以及其里面的一些设施 【解答】(1)B 细节理解题. 根据第——段Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditionalhouses. These 20- or 40 — foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece , and it ' s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planers consider them the future of home building . Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers . 装箱作为传统房屋的替代 品越来越受欢迎.这些 20英尺或40英尺的集装箱每件只要几百美元就可以买到，一些行业专业人士甚至城 市规划师认为它们是房屋建筑的未来也就不足为奇了用集装箱建造的房子. ”可知集装箱房子建造成本更低.故选B.(2)B 细节理解题. 根据倒数第二段"Eacresident enjoys a bathroom , kitchen and separate sleeping andstudying quarters . The complex even has central heating and high — speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes.每个居民都有浴室、厨房和独立的睡眠和学习区.该综合楼甚至有中央暖气和高速互联网以及停放自。
2020年上海市虹口区高考一模英语试题(解析版)
Discovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks” can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said,___7___allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.
高三英语试卷
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
【7题详解】
上海市2020年高考英语一模试卷
第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟 满分：140分）第I 卷（共100分）I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a cosmetics shop. B. In a hospital. 2.A. Boss and secretary. C. Student and professor. 3.A. Open a wedding company. C. Run his own bakery. 4.A. The package is too big to deliver. C. The woman will have lunch with the man. 5.A. He was most difficult to satisfy. C. He inspected the project regularly. 6. A. An amazing book.B. A great woman.7.A. He himself is a big fan of Hepburn. C. He felt puzzled by girls8. A. When to do mind-wandering.C. How to keep attentive in a lecture.9. A. Ordinary. B.Practical. 10.A. Decorating the company. C. Preparing a presentation.C. In a nutrition department.D. In a supermarket. 8. Editor and publisher. D. Writer and reader. B. Try a new restaurant. D. Buy some insurance.B. The delivery can be made automatically. D. The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning. B. He set many special requirements. D. He was as common as other customers.C. A scientific field.D. A strong voice.B. He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C. Disturbing.B. Finishing a painting. D. Restructuring the budget.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After eachpassage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. 2. B. 11. C. 21. D. 30. 12. A. A horse. B. A dog. C. A pig.D. A cat. 13.A. More annoyed.B. Less anxious.C. More frightened.D. Less shocked.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.'love for HepbiHe. does not know anything about Hepburn.B. Where to have physical activities. D. How to take notes in a lecture. D. Unrealistic.14. A. Its clear aim.C. Its numerous applications. 15. A. In 1954.B. In 2013.16. A. Its location and area.C. Its official WeChat account.B. Its evaluation process. D. Its solid foundation.C. In 2018.D. In 2000.B. The categories of its collections. D. The visiting experience it offers.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation. 20. A. To determine which item deserves priority.B. To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C. To know about teenagers ' leisure sporting activities.D. To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21)I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22)(book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23)(much) comfort.Some (24)argue that the aisle (走廊)seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we' reall getting our drinks and snacks (25) seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he ' s in a window seat, hese thebathroojoos e forejboarding so that he (26)(not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn ' t (27)(bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28)I' years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29)(shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30)keep me coming back, flight after flight, to my window seat.Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.17. A. Consumer and gender. C. Sports and facilities. 18. A. Cycling. B. Jogging. 19. A. 18-26.B. 27-35.B. Age groups and activities.D. Training time and trend. C. Skiing. C. 36-45.D. Swimming. D. 46-55.Mobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）-the space is much more horizontal, shortcutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to 31 in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the spacecan help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to 32 with them. And, on amuch deeper level, new FinTechs may 33 consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion 34 consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry ofFinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them 35 tofinance. Unfortunately, since they don ' t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on 36 financialinformation or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone-based credit scoring. It has 37 broad global support, including from the likes of the World Bank. In one of its reports, the AsianDevelopment Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial 38, as it could improve customerrecording, and, in turn, get an access to credit. AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today ' s tech headlines is the “ artificial intelligence” . Reader with how AI has the 39 to transform every consumer and enterprise （企业）industry. While such focusis appropriate that AI will 40 change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-handwith its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passag, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. Thecrisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 41, of which 123 are now known to be extinct.Of the 42 languages, most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “ endangered The system of 43 used by theCatalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the 44 of all the speakers, howoften the language is conveyed to the next 45, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the 46in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from “safeto a severely endangered. The midpoint, a endangered refers to a language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language ;community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is 47 used at home and is not taught in schoolsor used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of 48 factors including globalization, economics,technology, education policy, and changes in 49 attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the worldmore interconnected, previously 50 language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area' s majority language.51, local schools often begin toteach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also 52 as communities adoptmobile phones and computers, most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend 53 as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural 54 in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it totheir children.Initiatives to 55 endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These effortstend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardizeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A )Many of China ' ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China ' s best architectuhistorians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old, located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China' remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule(骡子)or on foot. Inns were often dirty, foodcould be polluted, and there was always risk of violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha' Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A.D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple' s most forbidding, forgotten aremne) ittetege, includingone hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. "In complete darkness andamong the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlightsfor several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had beenbadly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture. Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in “ Liangand Lin: Partners in Exploring China ' s Architectural Past. ”56. A. accommodations B. personal security 57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness ofA. documenting smashed historical buildings C. saving the oldest temples in China 58.While exploring the Temple of BuddhaA. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs ' hideaway 59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Creativeness results in discovery B. Difficulty produces achievement C. Efforts contribute to happinessD. 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Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab-quality photos —with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future. Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets —right in your home. The power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier - from social media, the cloud, and your camera-roll gallery.Amazing scanning, now on your smartphone. Scan and share to email or the cloud - from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier -directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smartphone or tablet. A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi? setup in minutes, and start printing fast. Return & exchange informationHP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply.60. Which statement is true of this type of printer?A. It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B. It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.C. It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.D. It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container " ?A. Adaptable.B. Automatic.C. Cost-effective.D. Eco-friendly.62. If you order this type of printer online today,. A. you will receive it tomorrow B. you can return it without being charged C. you can get a care pack on discountD. you can save $ 80(C )① Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others. ② Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers. Dopamine is aneurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be linked to risk-taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors (接收器)which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person has few active receptors to control theProtect your Device with an HP Care Packamount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.(3)Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced.④ Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too. Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale. His 40-item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very muchassociated with sensation-seeking, as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does. A desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤ There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors,.A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine-addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase a consistent with " is closest to " " in meaning.A. contrary toB. in agreement withC. at the cost ofD. persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph 4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about.A. when we learn to take risksB. how risk-taking benefits usC. what makes risk-takersD. why we should take risksSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.B.However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018.E.City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.F.Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.67 This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is bothin their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita(人均的)carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore.68 This involves gathering mixed use developments arounda key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.69 Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient — and often healthier — forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive poccies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient.70 The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles,and the best solution may well vary from city to city.IV.Summary WritingDirections : Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online friends ” —a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networkingsites can become ineffective, aggressive, and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbingeffect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing —empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends of view. Withoupojnte are far less able toconnect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can't neglect thosenegative impacts of social networks.第II卷(共40分)V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76. 明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：> 增加的专场的名称；> 该专场的具体内容；> 增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
2020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
概要写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者）for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to cha nge the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. that’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be w illing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.71. This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others. On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems. 2020崇明一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.71. We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly，it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)2020奉贤一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Possible 1 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat. Possible 2 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.2020虹口一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienc ed the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks.2020黄浦一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear thatwe can’t neglect those negative impac ts of social networks.71. There is a more and more concern about social networks' negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides. people can't bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. Therefore, more attention should be paid to them. (56 words)2020嘉定一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like being in the spotlight.”To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators （肉食动物）and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words, public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala（扁桃腺）activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you willbecome less nervous.71. Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on helpin g the audience, speaking directly to the audience’s needs and refocusing their brain before speaking. (55)2020静安一模IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art i n daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their da ily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.71.Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.2020闵行一模Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Rai sing Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, in may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a bookreport. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.71.Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids too often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matters is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.2020浦东一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging, whi ch isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a lot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.71.All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.2020普陀一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying ‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’ kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problemin a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achieveme nt, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between paren ts’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.71. Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety underm ines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59) 2020青浦一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Social Media and Teens’ AnxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a status update that they’re taking a break, theirfriends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect —not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media?71. Whether social media causes anxiety has become the focus of parents concerned with their kids’ digital health. Tips are offered on positive effects of social media on children. They can keep off social medial temporarily if bored with it. They should be aware that life is imperfect and face barriers bravely. Besides, taking some meaningful offline activities are strongly recommended. (60字)2020松江一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical (词汇的) differences - pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. 一there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots (同胞) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss”, f or example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York ill the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are。
2020上海高考英语一模概要写作指导写作汇编(可编辑修改word版)
It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical （词汇的）differences pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. - there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.
2020上海高考英语一模概要写作指导写作汇编
上海高考英语备考训练上海高考英语题型训练 : 写作2020 高三第一学期期末质量抽查IV. Summary Writing （ 10 分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.松江It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical （词汇的）differences - pavement/sidewalk,lift/elevator, etc. - there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots（同胞） onthe other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things whichdidn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up wordswhich they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss ”,for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms （美式英语用语） in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form ofBritish English which has disappearedin Britain. The verbs "guess ”meaning thinkand “ loan ”meaning lend and the adjective "mad" meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms, yet they all appeared in British English hundreds ofyears ago. In the case of “ loan ” , it was used longas ago as 1,200 years! In fact, English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last 500 years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.参照答案： Although American English and British English are the same language, there are great differences. Two reasons account for the phenomenon. New words were created after the first English settlers in America saw new things and learned words from other Europeans. Additionally, some original expressions have been changed by British people while they are still being used by Americans.崇明Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidaysso special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is amuscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans andleaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feelinghealthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topicwhen it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyondthe research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arcmore productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees-being is’simpwelly theright thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everydaychallenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just afew things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engagedand happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded byambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challengesyon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts bypaying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a keyingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and inyour personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing toforgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes“ It’ s never too late to say you’ re sorry,” but the same of gratitude. That’ s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.参照答案： We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both ourpersonal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health andmakes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly ，it makes us more likely toforgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)虹口The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school orwork when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered whatwould happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you ’ veexperienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better thanfinished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delayingan action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However,the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just getstarted. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant.In fact, it’ s probably best if it’ s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam.The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. Soinstead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled inwhich the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive （侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that mustbe remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.参照答案： The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students ’study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks.徐汇The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is doneto create pasture ( 牧场 ) for beef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic (外来的 ) species is another threat. The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven ’ t had a chanceoften tolackevolve, defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearanceof certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies. Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.参照答案： Biodiversity is declining fast. One major reason is that people cut downtropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food. Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species. The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment. （54 words）VI. Guided Writing (25分)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below m Chinese.松江你校准备为高三学生开展一次普及上海历史知识的活动，现有两个方案征求大家建议：1. 学校组织学生集体驱车前往上海市历史博物馆(Shanghai History Museum),现场参观并聆听专业解说员 (professional museum guide)介绍上海历史，合计五小时；2.学校邀 .请某著名大学历史教授到校以“上海历史 ''为主题做讲座，合计两小时。
概要写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者）for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to change the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. that’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.1 / 22 1/ 2271. This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others. On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems.2020崇明一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.2 / 22 2/ 22Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.71. We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and3 / 22 3/ 22professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly，it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)2020奉贤一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been4 / 22 4/ 22done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Possible 1 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.Possible 2 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.2020虹口一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik Effect5 / 22 5/ 22Have you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the6 / 22 6/ 22motivation needed to finish tasks.2020黄浦一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.7 / 22 7/ 2271. There is a more and more concern about social networks' negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides. people can't bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. Therefore, more attention should be paid to them. (56 words)2020嘉定一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like being in the spotlight.”To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators（肉食动物）and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words,8 / 22 8/ 22public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala（扁桃腺）activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you will become less nervous.71. Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on helping the audience, speaking directly to the audience’s needs and refocusing their brain before speaking. (55)9 / 22 9/ 222020静安一模IV．Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.10 / 22 10/ 22So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.71.Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.2020闵行一模Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, in may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and11 / 22 11/ 22work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.71.Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids too often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matters is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.12 / 22 12/ 222020浦东一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, bu t it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging, which isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a lot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the13 / 22 13/ 22year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.71.All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.2020普陀一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying ‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’14 / 22 14/ 22kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.71. Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety undermines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59)2020青浦一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main15 / 22 15/ 22point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Social Media and Teens’ AnxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a status update that they’re taking a break, their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect — not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media?16 / 22 16/ 2271. Whether social media causes anxiety has become the focus of parents concerned with their kids’ digital health. Tips are offered on positive effects of social media on children. They can keep off social medial temporarily if bored with it. They should be aware that life is imperfect and face barriers bravely. Besides, taking some meaningful offline activities are strongly recommended. (60字)2020松江一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical (词汇的) differences - pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. 一there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots (同胞) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss”, for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York ill the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms (美式英语用语) in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain. The verbs "guess” meaning think and “loan”17 / 22 17/ 22。
2020届上海市青浦区高三一模考试英语试题(解析版)
上海市青浦区2020届高三一模考试英语试题Ⅰ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Mako sharks get new protectionsAt the global wildlife trade meeting in Geneva, countries have decided to protect the endangered mako shark from trade. GENEV A made the proposal ___1___ more protections should be taken for both shortfin and longfin mako sharks and was adopted today after a 102-40 vote at the global wildlife trade summit. The vote still needs to be finalized at the full meeting at the end, when all appendix (附录) change proposals passed in committee are officially adopted.The proposal, debated at this year’s CITES Conference, lists mako sharks under Appendix II, meaning that they can’t be traded ___2___ it can be shown that fishing wouldn’t threaten their chances for survival. Conservationists say this was the world’s last chance to prevent mako shark populations from collapsing.___3___ (list) mako sharks on CITES Appendix II is great news for shark conservation. More than 50 of the 183 CITES members signed on as supporters of the proposal brought forth by Mexico. Nonetheless, conservationists feared that opposition from a few countries with fairly large mako fishing industries—primarily the United States, Canada, and Japan—___4___ tip the scale. Japan opposed the measure during the debates, and the United States announced afterward it ___5___ (vote) no.In the past, the U.S. and others have supported listing other shark species under CITES, but not so in this case, ___6___ commercial interests. For a lot of these countries, they were happy to list shark species when it was ones they weren’t so heavily involved in fishing. Suddenly, when they’re being asked to be responsible, rather than asking other people to be responsible, they’re ___7___ (little) keen to take it on board.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature, which determines the conservation status of species claims that both species of mako sharks to be endangered, saying an ___8___(estimate) 50 to 79 percent population decline over three generations, or about 75 years. They ___9___ (target) for their fins (鳍), used in shark fin soup—a dish in Asian countries, that’s often served at weddings as a sign of respect for guests. Their meat is more edible compared to ___10___ of other sharks, which is often acidic and is usually sold as a byproduct of the fin trade for “pennies on the dollar”.『答案』1. that 2. unless 3. Listing 4. could/would 5. had voted 6. with/for 7. less 8. estimated 9. are targeted 10. those『解析』本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由于人们的捕杀，短鳍和长鳍灰鲭鲨变得十分濒危，因此全球野生动物贸易峰会通过了一项提案，决定对它们采取更多的保护措施。
写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模VI.Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：>增加的专场的名称；>该专场的具体内容；>增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
1 / 8 1/ 82020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
2020上海静安高三英语一模作文范文
2020上海静安高三英语一模作文范文The year 2020 was a challenging one for students across the globe as the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the traditional education system. In Shanghai, the students of Jing'an High School faced their own unique set of obstacles as they prepared for the crucial English language exam known as the First Mock Exam. Despite the adversity, these resilient young minds rose to the occasion, showcasing their academic prowess and linguistic abilities.The students of Jing'an High School approached the exam with a steely determination, fueled by their unwavering commitment to excellence. They understood that the First Mock Exam was a critical milestone in their academic journey, a stepping stone towards their future success. The school's administration and faculty played a pivotal role in ensuring that the students were well-equipped to tackle the exam, providing comprehensive support and guidance throughout the preparation process.One of the standout features of the Jing'an High School approach was the emphasis on developing a well-rounded understanding ofthe English language. The curriculum not only focused on the core linguistic skills of reading, writing, listening, and speaking but also delved into the cultural and contextual aspects of the language. Students were encouraged to explore the nuances of English usage, to understand the historical and social influences that shaped the language, and to apply their knowledge in real-world scenarios.This holistic approach paid dividends as the students tackled the First Mock Exam. The reading comprehension section challenged them to analyze complex passages, to extract key information, and to draw insightful conclusions. The students demonstrated their ability to navigate these challenges with ease, showcasing their critical thinking skills and their deep understanding of the language.The writing component of the exam was particularly noteworthy, as the students were required to craft well-structured, coherent, and compelling essays. The prompts tested their ability to express their ideas clearly and effectively, to organize their thoughts in a logical manner, and to use appropriate vocabulary and grammar. TheJing'an High School students rose to the occasion, producing essays that were both intellectually stimulating and linguistically impressive.The listening section of the exam further highlighted the students' proficiency in the English language. They demonstrated their ability to comprehend spoken English, to identify key details, and to drawaccurate inferences from the audio passages. This skill set is crucial in today's globalized world, where effective communication across linguistic barriers is essential for success.The students' performance in the speaking component of the exam was equally impressive. They showcased their fluency in English, their ability to engage in dynamic conversations, and their capacity to express their thoughts and opinions with clarity and confidence. The examiners were struck by the students' poise and their genuine enthusiasm for the language.Throughout the exam, the Jing'an High School students displayed a level of preparation and dedication that was truly inspiring. They had worked tirelessly, putting in countless hours of study and practice, to ensure that they were ready to face the challenges of the First Mock Exam. Their resilience and determination in the face of the pandemic's disruptions were truly admirable.The success of the Jing'an High School students in the First Mock Exam is a testament to the quality of education provided by the institution. The school's commitment to excellence, its focus on holistic language development, and its ability to foster a supportive and nurturing learning environment have all contributed to the students' outstanding performance.As these students move forward in their academic journeys, they carry with them the invaluable lessons and skills they have acquired at Jing'an High School. They are poised to become the next generation of leaders, innovators, and global citizens, equipped with the linguistic and intellectual prowess to make a lasting impact on the world.The story of the Jing'an High School students' triumph in the First Mock Exam is a powerful reminder of the transformative power of education. It showcases the incredible potential of young minds when they are provided with the right resources, support, and opportunities to thrive. As we look towards the future, it is our collective responsibility to ensure that all students, regardless of their circumstances, have access to the same level of quality education and the chance to reach their full potential.。
【英语】2020年上海高三英语一模作文范文汇编
【关键字】英语2018年高三一模作文汇编1.黄浦区2017年已接近尾声，还记得年初你为自己定下的小目标吗？不知你是否实现了你的小目标？发一个微信朋友圈来回顾一下吧（文中请不要出现真实的校名人名）。
你的朋友圈文字内容需包括：1. 你的2017年度小目标；2. 你为实现年度小目标所作的努力；3. 你实现（或没有实现）年度小目标的经验总结。
范文：My new year’s resolution for 2017 was that I should be able to communicate with foreign people in English. To achieve this goal, I had asked my English teacher for help. According to her suggestions, I made up a plan.Firstly, I started with simply reading English articles and found many pronunciation errors in my reading after listening to the video tape of its recording. Then, I tried to learn phonetics and practice one syllable after another again and again. I started with a single word, then a phrase, a sentence, a paragraph and finally the whole passage. After 3-month practice, I was able to read an article fluently without making any mistakes in pronunciation. I felt happy. Next, I practiced my listening. By listening to a passage four times, I required myself to take it down without spelling errors or any information blank. Last but not least, I installed an app called Shanbei Oral English on my phone to practice both my listening and speaking. It’s like having conversations with a robot. I had to understand what it said to me and answer its questions accordingly. After practicing for almost 8 months, I had my first talking session with an American teacher in our school. I was proud of myself.What I have learnt from this experience is something as a saying goes: no pain no gain. Though the process of learning could be dull and tiring, it’s worth all the efforts after I achieved my goal. Even if I didn’t, it’s still a valuable part of my life.阅卷作文8+8+4=20The wonderful year of 2017 is drawing to an end. I remember that I set an annual goal to keep fit at the beginning of 2017, since staying healthy is crucial to ensuring my study, thus better prepare myself for Gaokao.To achieve my goal of keeping fit, here are some efforts I’ve taken throughout the year. On the very first day of 2017, I downloaded a fitness app called Keep. Following the fitness instructions the app offered, I exercised every other night before I go to bed. Also, I did some research into the daily nutrition I need in order to stay healthy both physically and mentally, after which I devised a moderate dieting plan. Apart from the above, I’ve invited family members and friends to join me so that we can encourage each other and exchange fitness experience.So far, the record shown on my fitness app shows that I’ve done well this year, reaching a record high of 200 training times in total. Although at times I felt like giving up because of too much study pressure and limited time, I’m glad I have stuck to my plan. It seems to me that anything is possible if I throw in all of my energy and passion, and most of all, perseverance. Some rules apply to study. So I hope I will keep such passion and strength to do my best in the coming 2018. （237 words）点评：1．文本结构段落清晰，符合作文题目要求。
最新写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76. 明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：> 增加的专场的名称；> 该专场的具体内容；> 增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
2020年高考模拟复习知识点试卷试题之写作---上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模VI. Guided Writing2020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120?150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
2020年上海市奉贤区高考一模英语试题
绝密★启用前2020年上海市奉贤区高考一模英语试题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题)请点击修改第I卷的文字说明一、完形填空Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be 1 to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption, 2 , as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can 3 help to make things better.One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping(剥) them of their bark(树皮). Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious 4 , set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned 5 , to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively 6 fire. To keep things consistent, he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树), in all three zones. He picked marulas because they are particular 7 of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to 8 from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they9 the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their10 , they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost 11 during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial(两年一次的) burn zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were 12 re-grew only 72%.The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to 13 tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the biennial burn zone and three in the annual zone developed ants’ nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees’ wounds by killing ants that might 14 colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually 15 to sick ones.1．A．difficult B．reasonable C．necessary D．awful 2．A．however B．therefore C．furthermore D．somehow 3．A．uniquely B．barely C．actually D．merely 4．A．phenomenon B．evidence C．imagination D．assumption 5．A．equally B．regularly C．severely D．purposely 6．A．burnt with B．protected from C．covered by D．exposed to 7．A．participants B．partners C．victims D．friends 8．A．mark B．remove C．hit D．measure 9．A．regulated B．checked C．healed D．monitored 10．A．disappointment B．surprise C．joy D．relief 11．A．vitality B．height C．bark D．strength 12．A．controlled B．prevented C．started D．boosted 13．A．disturb B．promote C．impact D．quicken 14．A．therefore B．nevertheless C．then D．otherwise 15．A．beneficial B．unbelievable C．effective D．cruel二、阅读理解There was something in the elderly woman's behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in hergestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a belt, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of dragging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.The older woman detached from the younger one and began to glance over the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled(潦草地写) on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit unfamiliar. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who'd passed away the previous Christmas.As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she'd enjoyed when she was her son's age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of eagerness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.I accompanied the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman's turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she'd displayed earlier ... 16．What does "she had a job to do" (Para. 1) mean according to the context?A．She had a regular job in the store. B．She wanted to ask for help.C．She wanted to buy a DVD．D．She was thinking of what to buy. 17．What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?A．The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B．The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C．The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D．The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.18．While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ______. A．hesitant B．casualC．cautious D．considerate19．What is the main purpose of this passage?A．To describe what a movie nut is likeB．To remind readers to spending more time accompanying familyC．To stress the importance of company and understanding.D．To explore the key aspects of current parental-child relationshipAs unpleasant emotions go, anxiety is the roughest. It's a vague, pit-of-the-stomach fear that sneaks up to you -- that unease you get when your boss says that she needs to talk to you right away, when the phone rings at 4:00 a.m., or when your dentist looks into your mouth and says "Hmm" for the third time.Lingering anxiety can keep you up at night, make you irritable, undermine your ability to concentrate, and ruin your appetite. And the constant state of readiness generated by anxiety--- adrenaline pumping, heart racing, palms sweating--may contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease.How to prevent anxiety then?Meditate. Maybe you're just high-strung. If so, meditation(冥想) is worth a try. It cultivates a calmness that eases anxious feelings and offers a sense of control. A study at the University of Massachusetts found that volunteers who took an 8-week meditation course were considerably less anxious afterward. People who are high-strung find that they are dramatically calmer with 20 minutes of meditation in the morning and another 20 minutes after dinner.Jog,walk, swim, or cycle. If you can't make time for meditation, be sure to make time for regular exercise. Exercise can have the same calming effect as meditation, particularly if it's something repetitive like running or swimming laps.Treatment?Remember to breathe. When you're anxious, you tend to hold your breath or breathe too shallowly. That makes you feel more anxious. Breathing slowly and deeply can have a calming effect. To make sure that you're breathing correctly, place your hand on your diaphragm(横膈膜), just below your rib cage(胸腔). Feel it rise with each inhalation(吸气) and fall with each exhalation.Let's say you are anxious about your competence on the job. Ask yourself "What, in particular, am I afraid that I'll mess up?" Maybe you’re afraid that you get further behind and miss your deadlines. Or maybe you're worried that you're blowing it whenever you present your ideas in meetings. Are your worries founded? Have you had several near misses with deadlines? Are your suggestions routinely rejected? If not, the anxiety is needless. If there is a real problem, work on a solution: Pace yourself to better meet deadlines, or join a public speaking class.20．Which of the following symptoms is NOT directly caused by anxiety?A．Lower in concentration. B．No appetite.C．Heart racing. D．High blood pressure. 21．According to the passage, what can be done to avoid anxiety?A．Exercising regularly. B．Keeping breath steady. C．Breathing with the help of hands. D．Adjusting the pace of life.22．What is the last paragraph about?A．Anxiety at work and its solutions. B．People's anxiety about their capabilities. C．The reason for someone's incompetence. D．The function of public speaking class.Archaeologists used DNA taken from a broken clay pipe stem found in Maryland to build a picture of an enslaved woman who died around 200 years ago and had origins in modern-day Sierra Le one. One researcher called the work “a mind-blower.”“In this particular context, and from that time period, I think it's a first,” team member Hannes Schroeder told The Washington Post. “To be able to get DNA from an object like a pipe stem is quite exciting. Also it is exciting for descendant(后裔) communities... Through this technology, they're able to make a connection not only to the site but potentially back to Africa.”The pipe stem was found at the Belvoir plantation in Crownsville, Maryland, where enslaved people lived until 1864 and where a likely slave cemetery was recently found. DNA taken from the pipe linked back to a woman either directly from or descended from the Mende people, who lived in west Africa, in an area now part of Sierra.Julie Schablitsky, the chief archaeologist with the Maryland state highway administration,told The Post the discovery, based on saliva(唾液) absorbed into the clay pipe, was a “mind-blower”. She also said records show the existence of a slave trade route Sierra Leone to Annapolis, plied(定期往来) by British and American ships. "As soon as people stepped on those slave ships in Africa," she said, “whether they were from Benin or whether they were from Sierra Leone, wherever they were from, that identity was lost. Their humanity is stripped from. Who they are as a people has gone.”The new analysis is part of ongoing research around Belvoir that has given descendants of the people enslaved there new insight into the lives of their ancestors. Speaking to The Post, Nancy Daniels, a genealogist from Laurel, Maryland, who thinks she is a descendant of enslaved families from Belvoir but was not linked to the research on the pipe, called the discovery “overwhelming.” “I'm sitting here about ready to cry,” she said. “I'm sorry. I'm so happy ... Thank God for the DNA．”This year, events and ceremonies are being held to mark the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first enslaved people in America, at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Slavery was effectively abandoned in the US on 1 January 1863, with the issue by Abraham Lincoln of the Emancipation Proclamation. It formally ended in December 1865, after the civil war, with the approval of the 13th amendment(修正案).23．What does the phrase “a mind-blower” in paragraphs 1 and 4 refer to?A．A surprise B．A confusionC．An excitement D．A fascination24．According to Hannes Schroeder, the pipe stem was of great significance because________. A．it was the first direct evidence that slaves living in Maryland were originally from Africa. B．it helped the archaeologists to draw a portrait of the enslaved woman.C．it might contribute to identifying the birthplace of the descendant communities.D．it contained genic clues to the ancestral background of its owner.25．What can be inferred from the passage?A．The owner of the pipe once lived in what is now an area in west Africa.B．The history of slavery in America is an ongoing topic of concern.C．African slaves lost their identities when they arrived at the Belvoir plantation. D．Nancy Daniels, a genealogist was sorry for not being involved in the research. 26．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A．DNA from an old pipe throws lights on the origins of the enslavedB．A new research reveals the origins of enslaved African womanC．The descendants of enslaved people seek their identitiesD．DNA contributes to the breakthrough of a new research第II卷（非选择题)请点击修改第II卷的文字说明三、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ancient Myth---A Hit With Modern AudiencesThis summer’s surprise hit at movie theaters across China was the re-telling of the ancient myth of Nezha. The animated film 27．(take) in over four billion yuan at the box office and become one of the country’s most successful films ever. It proved that China could produce animated films comparable to 28．produced in Hollywood and Japan.The film, directed by Yang Y u, was a massive undertaking(任务) from start to finish. He spent two years writing the script(剧本) and three more years making a film which required the efforts of 1,600 animators. But for Yang, it was a way to prove to himself that he 29．change his fate and inspire others to change their fate as well.“I used to suffer from a lot of prejudice after changing my career,” said Yang, “Since then I have thought about making an animated film to encourage young people to persist in their dreams.”30．(convey) the message that “your fate is in your own hands,” Yang made some changes to the original myth. Nezha was born a devil(恶魔),31．(fate) to cause mischief(恶作剧), but he decides to overcome his fate and to save the people of his hometown from being destroyed by Ao Bing, the third son of the Dragon King.32．the ancient myth being very clear about the differences between the good and the bad guys, in Yang’s film, all of the characters are treated with empathy, and even the “bad” people are also victims of their fate,33．, actually, have the potential to change and become good.Over the years, I have come across a few students labeled as “devils.” Although somemisbehaved simply 34．they were not mature enough, others were trouble-making and uncooperative when they were in a bad mood. Those students need to know they were not doomed to be bad. As they grew up, they would have the power to change their circumstances.If you have seen Nezha, you know 35．a terrific, entertaining film it is. But an important lesson is also conveyed in the film36．we should not judge ourselves or others too harshly, so as not to allow those negative judgments to control our fate.四、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Flood-hit Venice’s shrinking population faces mounting problems Venetians(威尼斯人) are fed up with what they see as i nadequate responses to the city’s mounting problems: record-breaking flooding, environmental and safety threats from cruise ship traffic and the burden on services from over-tourism.They feel largely left to their own devices, with ever-fewer Venetians living in the historic part of the city to37．its interests and keep it from becoming mainly a tourist land.The historic flooding this week---marked by three floods over 1.5 meters (nearly 5 feet) and the highest in 53 years at 1.87 meters(6 feet, 1 inch)---has38．calls to create an administration that recognizes the uniqueness of Venice, for both its concentration of treasures and its39．vulnerability.Flood damage has been40．estimated at hundreds of millions of Euros (dollars), but the true range will only become clear with time. The frustration goes far beyond the failure to complete and41．78 underwater barriers that were designed to prevent just the kind of damage that Venice has42．this week. With the system not yet completed or even43．tested after 16 years of work and 5 billion Euros ($5.5 billion) invested, many are suspicious it will even work.At the public level, proposals for better administering the city including44．some level of autonomy(自制) to Venice, already enjoyed by some Italian regions like Trentino-Alto-Adigewith its German-speaking minority, or offering tax45．to encourage Venice’s repopulation.Just 53,000 people live in the historic part of the city that tourists know as Venice, down by a third from a generation ago and dropping by about 1,000 people a year. That means fewer people watching the neighborhood, monitoring for public maintenance46．or neighbors in need. Many leave because of the increased expense or the daily difficulties in living in a city of canals, which can make even a simple errand a hard journey.五、六选四Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read.The price of a piece of historyA fresh lemon can be purchased for less than $1. But in 2008, Cowan's Auctions in Cincinnati sold a lemon blackened with age for $2,350.What was so special about this lemon? 47．According to a handwritten note in ink attached to a partly sealed bottle containing the lemon, the fruit was picked in May 1842 by Washington's "old gardener" some 43 years after the first president's deathTwo thousand dollars is a lot to pay for produce, even from the estate of a founding father. This sale, however, just might be considered a bargain compared with prices paid for other historical collectibles in recent years. 48．Collecting a piece of history, or an object associated with a famous person, is not brand new. Ordinary objects with extraordinary stories have increasingly been coming to auction and achieving high prices, says Thomas Venning, director of Christie's department of books and manuscripts in London. Prices are being driven up, he says, by collectors in the U.S. and, increasingly, in Asia. The Hawking wheelchair, for example, was purchased by a private museum in China.49．For one thing, their history of ownership is both crucial and sometimes difficult to prove. Photographs of the famous person with the object, as well as documentation (such as letters, diaries or recollections by acquaintances referring to the object) can also help. 50．To evaluate the value of a Picasso painting, one can look at recent prices paid for other Picasso paintings of the same period, similar size or style. Finding another recent sale of a lemon planted by George Washington is a different matter.Katie Horstman, head of Cowan's American History department, says she could find no comparable items for the lemon as she prepared the piece for its auction. Ms. Horstman nevertheless eventually arrived at the estimated value at $3,000 to $4,000, she says, by researching auction records for objects somehow associated with Washington that had appeared on the market.Cowans ended up estimating the value of the lemon at $3,000 to $4,000, according to description on its website. Objects associated with Washington these days, Ms. Horstman says, can sell for anywhere from 1,000 up to tens of thousands of dollars.A．Stephen Hawking’s wheelchair fetched 296, 750 at a sale at Christie's in London last November.B．Yet determining potential values of such objects isn't easy.C．It was said to be from a tree planted by George Washington at Mount Vernon.D．The auction result surely drew the attention from both the business and economics worlds.E. The uniqueness of many of these objects further complicates efforts to put a value on them.F. Therefore the unique value of many objects proved the worth of collection.六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damagingimpacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.七、汉译英Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52．面对紧急情况时，他是多么的冷静啊！(How)53．致力于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物，人人有责。
2020届上海市闵行区高三一模考试英语试题(解析版)
上海市闵行区2020届高三一模考试英语试题I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it. read the Jour possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an art exhibit. B. In a bakery.C. In a painting studio.D. In a clothing store.2. A. Visit her sister's house. B. Give the man a ride.C. Go to the train station.D. Check the time.3. A. She should get pork and chicken. B. She is quite mixed up.C. She should get chicken and vegetables.D. She shouldn't eat any meat.4. A. The man didn't fail by much. B. The man completely failed the exam.C. The man had a really high grade.D. The man's grade was low but passing.5. A. It cost more than he thought it would. B. He would like to sell it.C. It isn't a very good one.D. He got it for a low price.6. A. He is surprised that Matthew changed his mind.B. He wished he had asked Matthew before.C. Matthew wanted to leave in the morning.D. Matthew planned the party himself.7. A. She'll work part-time at the banquet.B. She'll try to find a blanket for her guest.C. She's still looking for a guest speaker.D. She lives too far away to come to the dinner.8. A. The teacher described what the students should do.B. The teacher would punish the students being late.C. The teacher required an outline.D. The teacher was late for the first class.9. A. Be understanding toward the woman.B. Lower the woman's final grade.C. Work hard to get an extension.D. Expect the woman to finish her paper first.10. A. She should have gone to Jane's presentation.B. Jane didn't appear nervous at all during her presentation.C. Jane needs to take more lessons in public speaking.D. She didn't understand Jane's presentation at all.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will he asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will he read twice, hut the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based oil the following passage.11. A. Animals yawn for a number of reasons.B. Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom.C. Human yawns are the same as those of other animals.D. Only social animals yawn.12. A. When they are swimming. B. When they are quarreling.C. When they are socializing.D. When they are eating.13. A. To exercise the jaw muscles. B. To eliminate boredom.C. To get greater strength for attacking.D. To gain more oxygen.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Restart the speech as it has been planned.B. Ignore the mistakes.C. Make a wise apology.D. Stop for a moment and get the place right.15. A. To illustrate good way to deliver a speech.B. To emphasize the importance of repetition.C. To indicate listeners' attention on the message itself.D. To warn people of the obvious mistakes in the speech.16. A. How to Be a Perfect Speaker. B. How to Make a Perfect Speech.C. Don't Expect a Perfect Speech.D. Don't Forgive Mistakes in a Speech.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It was in the wrong size. B. It was dirty inside.C. It shrank a lot.D. It was the wrong color.18. A. Change the sweater for a different one.B. Offer the man a free gift as compensation.C. Return the man's money.D. Talk about the matter with the manager.19. A. Because the store is closing soon.B. Because the return period had passed.C. Because the man didn't have a receipt.D. Because the sweater was broken.20. A. The man is able to exchange the sweater.B. The man left the store without the sweater.C. The woman gave the man a refund.D. The woman promised to raise the service quality.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After trading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best Jits each blank.Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time. And ___21___ more Americans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime___22___ we eating together, 74%, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, ___23___ (look) up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often ___24___ (work) through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on ___25___ shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis ___26___ he wants to have a little interaction. “I reflect on ___27___ my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work ___28___ (refresh) and with a plan.''That freedom ___29___ (choose) is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, ___30___ company provided the statistics for the report.『答案』21. like 22. are 23. looking 24. works 25. the 26. if/when 27. how 28. refreshed 29. to choose 30. whose『解析』本文是一篇说明文，介绍了统计数据显示近一半的美国人喜欢独自就餐并分析了原因。
2020届上海高三英语一模汇编--概要写作
2020届长宁金山区高三英语一模试卷Cryptocurrency(加密货币)Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that uses a payment network. Sending money online to a friend,you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal,or make a bank transfer. However,there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money,and transfers can have sizeable fees.In2008,a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use cryptograph(密码学)to create a secure electronic cash system,known as a cryptocurrency.Person-to-person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization.Each transaction could happen very quickly.The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely.Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today,there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies.Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin.They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual“wallets”or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another.However,clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash.The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet.The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies.Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual ter,the websites disappear along with the victims’money.In response to this problem,companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.宝山区2019学年第一学期期末People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者)for a wide variety of reasons.One important reason is,of course, financial reward.If you own your own business and it becomes successful,you can reap huge financial rewards.And as an entrepreneur,dependent on how much your boss decides to give you;it’s limited only by the success of your business.And speaking of bosses,not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur.Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects,rather than having others tell them what to do.They often have big dreams that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true.For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need.It’s a way to change the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy,however,nor is it always fun.Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours,especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground.That’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work40hours a week and then stop,but for an entrepreneur,there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion;they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it.Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others.That’s important for finding investors,getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter.This is important from the very beginning,when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business.But even after that initial step,creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.崇明区2020届第一次英语高考模拟考试试卷Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we’re thankful for in life.Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special.But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier,happier humans and leaders.Emmons,through his research,found that grateful people reported feeling healthier,both mentally and physically. Specifically,those who were grateful were25percent happier than those who weren’t.In the workplace,well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement.Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by50percent,caring for your employees’well-being is simply the right thing to do.Providing programs that support managing life’s everyday challenges,offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that,when paired with gratitude,can lead to more productive,engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving,fast-paced industry,I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better.Gratitude challenges you to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future.It starts by paying attention to what’s going on in your life,and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships,both at work and in your personal life.People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes“It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,”but the same is true of gratitude.That’s a gift worth celebrating 365days a year.虹口区2019学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things?Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series.If you have,you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect.You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks.Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time.We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming.However,the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started.The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant.In fact,it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam.The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall.So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting,breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else.This will cause intrusive(侵入的)thoughts,enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered,leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems.If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete,the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress,anxiety,difficulty sleeping,and emotional distress.Conversely,completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研Most of us—even those at the top—struggle with public-speaking anxiety.When I ask my clients what makes them nervous,invariably they respond with the same answers:“I don’t like being watched”,“I don’t like the eyes on me”or“I don’t like being in the spotlight”.To understand why,we need to go way back to prehistoric times,when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat.Those eyes were likely predators(肉食动物)and people were terrified of being eaten alive.The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking.In other words,public-speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately,there is a solution:human generosity.The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience.Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala(扁桃腺)activity,which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain.When we are kind to others,we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly,this is hard to do.But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker.To begin with,when you start preparing for a presentation,the mistake you often make is starting with the topic.Instead,you should start with the audience.Identify the audience’s needs,and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs.Also,you are the most nervous right before you speak.This is the moment when your brain is telling you,“Everyone is judging me.”But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain.Over time,your brain will begin to get it,and you will become less nervous.黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试Online“friends”―a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks.Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before.It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists,sociologists,and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying.We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night,excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective,aggressive,and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives.But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy.This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’points of view. Without it,we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone.This is something confirmed by a study where200university students were asked to go without social media for24hours.Many admitted an addiction to their online social network;most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are.It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming,so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.青浦区2019学年第一学期高三英语期终学业质量调研试卷Social media and teens’anxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments,social media can be a land mine for kids.Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens.With kids’digital well-being a concern,researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates,tech addiction,and loss of real-life social skills.Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents.Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids,but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support.How kids use social media matters,too.Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms,which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1.Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting.If your kid is tired of digital drama,suggest they take a break from social media for a while.In fact,if they post a status update that they’re takinga break,their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2.People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect—not the homework struggles,or the fight they had with their dad.Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out—and that everyone has ups and downs.3.In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat,it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives.Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies,exercise,reading,and helping others.Otherwise,what are they going to show off about on social media?浦东新区2019学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets.And there are more and more of them every year.But is this a good thing?Not necessarily.For a start,many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco.And they don’t have as many products either.As a result,36%of the UK’s small shops shut down between1990and1996while the number of supermarkets increased from457to1,102.Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub.There are now over55,000supermarkets in the UK,but less than55,000pubs.A decade ago there were more than61,000.These days,pubs are closing at the rate of39a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare.The UK has high standards in this field,but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad.And in many cases,this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK.But once they’ve got the meat,supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there.Dishonest?Not exactly,but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too.Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive,so they get food producers to do it for them.This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies.In turn,this increases the amount of petrol used,which leads to more pollution.Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging,which isn’t good for the environment either.So,what can be done to help the“little guys”?Not much really.Supermarkets have a lot of power.Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets.And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions.For example, just before the year2000,one supermarket gave the government£12million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later,plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.松江区2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A.Nonetheless,quite apart from well-documented lexical(词汇的)differences–pavement/sidewalk,lift/elevator,etc.–there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms.That’s why some people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language.There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America,the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots(同胞)on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.However,they immediately saw things which didn’t exist in Europe,often items used and made by Native Americans,such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo.They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants.The word“boss”, for example,was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century.It comes from the Dutch word“baas”, which means master.The word“cookie”also comes from the Dutch“koekje”.There are many words,phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms(美式英语用语) in Britain when they are nothing of the sort.Very often,they represent not an American import,but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain.The verbs“guess”meaning think and“loan”meaning lend and the adjective“mad”meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms,yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago.In the case of“loan”,it was used as long ago as1,200years!In fact,English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last500years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area.During the last100years,scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity.Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction.It is estimated that140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans.The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests.Most of this destruction is done to create pasture(牧场)for beef cattle.Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming,which supplies beef to the rest of the world.It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced,200square feet of rainforest are destroyed.The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的)species is another threat.The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife,which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species.When exotic species are introduced to a place,they try to establish a self-sustaining population.While the local species,which haven’t had a chance to evolve,often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable(i.e.microscopic plants, decaying matter,etc.)into usable forms,namely their bodies.Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species.This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living,and less capable of producing resources that humans need.杨浦区2019学年度第一学期高三模拟质量调研The Psychology of SpendingDr.Thomas Gilovich,psychology professor at Cornell University,has studied the psychology of spending for over20 years.According to Dr.Gilovich,“We buy things to make us happy,and we succeed,but only for a while.New things are exciting to us at first,but then we adapt to them.”In other words,once the freshness of our newest purchase wears off,we begin looking for something else to buy to make us happy.Dr.Gilovich found that our satisfaction with possessions fades over time.Yet our happiness over things we've experienced increases.For that reason,he has concluded that we are spending our money on the wrong things.A study out of San Francisco State University agrees.The research showed that those people who spent money on experiences instead of possessions were happier.They also thought their money was better invested.To begin with,activities like a trip,adventure,hobby,etc.tend to bring the participants together and unite them over a shared interest.According to Gilovich,“We consume experiences directly with other people.”As a result,these experiences typically create a positive link and good feelings toward the other person or people.Besides,your experience shows others who you are and what you are.For example,you might be someone who loves taking cooking classes.More than likely,you'll become known by friends and family as a great cook.They won't know you as someone who owns the latest kitchen equipment.Lastly,planned experiences are frequently something we look forward to.Then when the moment arrives,if we enjoy the time involved in the activity,we're left with fond memories.These memories will often last a lifetime.Even our worst trips, on many occasions,are later remembered with laughter.11。
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2020宝山一模VI.Guided Writing2020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：>增加的专场的名称；>该专场的具体内容；>增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
2020虹口一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.手机给现代人的生活带来了很多便利，甚至改变了人们的日常生活方式。
人们常常会在手机上下载一些常用的应用程序(app)。
你平时使用较多的是哪一类应用程序呢？请你向同学们推荐一款应用程序，并阐述理由。
2020黄浦一模Ⅵ. 76. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为“艺术欣赏类课程(art appreciation)”或者“学科拓展类课程(subject expansion)”，现广泛征求高三同学的意见。
请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：1. 你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；2. 你的理由；3. 你希望此类课程包含哪些内容。
2020嘉定一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学学生王磊，你校下个月将举行中外学生交流活动，现向学生征求活动方案。
你主动向校长写信，表达你的想法。
你的信包括以下内容：1. 活动的主题；2. 你设计的1-2个活动的具体内容；3. 你设计该活动的理由。
2020静安一模VI．Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit” 的英语演讲比赛，请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿, 内容包括：1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一件事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神；2. 你获得的启发及感受。
(注意：请勿出现真实的姓名与学校)2020闵行一模VI.Guided WritingDirections: an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructionsgiven below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的李华，你校外籍教师Chris将在文化周期间做一个有关西方艺术的讲座，现就讲座内容征求你校学生的意见。
请给Chris写一封电子邮件，邮件必须包含以下内容•你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈、戏剧中任选其一）：•选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；•希望从中有何收获。
2020浦东一模VI.Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.文华中学的读书节即将展开，学校将给每个班级配发图书（按下图显示的比例），放置在班级中，总量为20 本。
现在学校向学生们征求意见，假设你是该学校的学生李华，请你给学校写封邮件，描述提供的图书类型并谈谈你的意见与建议。
（学科辅导类：test-prep books）VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.如今，许多家长焦虑地守在孩子身边、密切关注孩子一举一动，被称之为“直升机父母(Helicopter parents)”，还有“扫雪机父母(Snowplow parents)”,轰隆隆地扫除孩子通往成功路上的所有障碍，让孩子免遭失败、挫折。
对此，学校校刊特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名投稿，用身边的例子描述这两类家长，并谈谈对此的看法。
2020青浦一模VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李青，将在主题为“我的家乡变美了”的班会上发言。
请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容必须包括：▪ 家乡变美了的具体表现；▪ 你对家乡未来的畅想。
（演讲稿的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
）2020松江一模VI. Guided Writing (25 分)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below m Chinese.你校准备为高三学生开展一次普及上海历史知识的活动，现有两个方案征求大家意见：1.学校组织学生集体驱车前往上海市历史博物馆(Shanghai History Museum),现场参观并聆听专业讲解员(professional museum guide)介绍上海历史，共计五小时；2.学校邀.请某知名大学历史教授到校以“上海历史''为主题做讲座，共计两小时。
请你以李华的名义向王校长写一封信，在信中谈谈你更偏向哪个方案，并说明理由”。
VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是陈芳。
你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问。
王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校。
她通过邮件向你征求意见。
写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由。
2020杨浦一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际（自身或他人的例子），谈谈你对于“舒适圈”的看法。
2020长宁金山一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。
请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。
你的信必须包括：●你的所见所闻●你的感悟（信的开头已经为你写好）。