4谓语动词情态动词
专项四谓语动词
专项四谓语动词【考纲解读】分析解读1.语篇型填空对谓语动词部分的考查要紧是依照上下文的语境和句子结构,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
其范畴可能涉及常用的动词的十种时态及相关的语态。
因此考生需要对动词的十种差不多时态及语态的用法和构成有准确的把握。
除此之外,动词的时态和语态是写作的差不多语法要求,因此把握动词的时态和语态是提高写作水平的差不多要求。
2.情态动词和虚拟语气除了在语篇型填空中能够涉及,在听力和写作中也经常会用到,因此考生也需要把握各个情态动词的用法及虚拟语气的使用语境和构成。
【五年高考】考点一动词的时态及主谓一致1.(2021北京,24)— (do)you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?—Yes. They are happy with it.答案Did2.(2021北京,33)People (have) better access to health care than they used to, and th ey re living longer as a result.答案have3.(2021天津,8)I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.答案was driving4.(2021江苏,24)The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely rev iewed and highly praised, strengthened D ickens status as a leading novelist.答案was5.(2021浙江,9)Silk (become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road b y about 100 BC.答案had become6.(2021北京,23)—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The new Star Wars. We (wait)here for more than two hours.答案have been waiting7.(2021北京,25)I (read)half of the English novel, a nd I ll try to finish it at the we ekend.答案have read8.(2021江苏,29)Dashan, who (learn)crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for d ecades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.答案has been learning9.(2021北京,21)Jack (work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.答案was working10.(2021北京,26)In the last few years,China (make)great achievements in environ mental protection.答案has made11.(2021北京,27)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann s house?—Not really.She (give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.答案had given12.(2021北京,30)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I (call)him later.答案will call13.(2021江苏,30)The real reason why prices (be),and still are,too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.答案were14.(2021安徽,24)Just as I got to the school gate,I realized I (leave)my book in the c afe.答案 had left15.(2021福建,30)—Where is Peter?I can t find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and (write)his essay there ever since.答案has been writing16.(2021湖南,22)As you go through this book,you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.答案will find17.(2021湖南,25)I wasn t able to hide my eagerness when I (ask),“What do you wish me to do now?”答案asked18.(2021湖南,28)He must have sensed that I (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”答案was looking19.(2021陕西,22)Marty (work)really hard on his book and he thinks he ll have fin ished it by Friday.答案has been working/is working20.(2021重庆,1)—Is Peter coming?—No,he (change)his mind after a phone call at the last minute.答案changed21.(2021湖南,27)It is important to remember that success (be) a sum of small effor ts made each day and often (take)years to achieve.答案is;takes22.(2021北京,31)—What time is it?—I have no idea.But just a minute,I(check) it for you.答案will check23.(2021北京,32)I found the lecture hard to follow because it(start)when I arrive d.答案had started24.(2021重庆,8)James has just arrived,but I didn t know he(come)until yesterda y.答案was coming/would come25.(2021福建,23)—Haven t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and(stay) there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.答案stayed26.(2021安徽,23)The twins,who(finish)their homework,were allowed to play badm inton on the playground.答案had finished27.(2021陕西,22)During his stay in Xi an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends(recommend).答案had recommended28.(2021湖南,28)Since the time humankind started gardening,we(try)to make our e nvironment more beautiful.答案have been trying29.(2021江西,24)—Tony,why are your eyes red?—I(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.答案have been cutting30.(2021课标Ⅰ,27)When I first met Bryan I didn t like him,but I(change)my min d.答案have changed考点二动词的语态1.(2021北京,29)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and w ireless phones (invent) yet.答案hadn t been invented2.(2021天津,6)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.答案is regarded3.(2021江苏,27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).答案was being followed4.(2021北京,30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts(reward)with success in the end.答案will be rewarded5.(2021江苏,22)More efforts, as reported, (make)in the years ahead to accelerate t he supply-side structural reform.答案will be made6.(2021天津,9)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach)so far by t he two sides.答案has been reached7.(2021北京,22)—Did you enjoy the party?—Yes.We (treat)well by our hosts.答案were treated8.(2021安徽,29)It is reported that a space station (build) on the moon in years to co me.答案will be built9.(2021福建,26)To my delight,I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.答案was chosen10.(2021四川,4)More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local ec onomy.答案will be built考点三情态动词和虚拟语气1.(2021北京,21)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the t op shelf.答案can2.(2021北京,34)If the new safety system (put) to use, the accident would never ha ve happened.答案had been put3.(2021天津,2)My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.答案needn t4.(2021天津,15)—Do you have Betty s phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I (be) able to reach her yesterday.答案wouldn t have been5.(2021江苏,22) (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not ov ercome her difficulty.答案Were6.(2021北京,31)I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sund ays.答案needn t7.(2021北京,34)Why didn t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you (tell) me, I could have helped.答案had told8.(2021天津,5)It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank yo u had recom mended.答案couldn t9.(2021天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn t been wearing one, I would (i njure).答案 have been injured10.(2021江苏,27)If it (be)for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.答案had not been/hadn t been11.(2021北京,34)If I (see)it with my own eyes,I wouldn t have believed it.答案hadn t seen12.(2021江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble I known the schedule.答案had13.(2021天津,13)I wish I (be)at my sister s wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a b usiness trip in New York then.答案had been14.(2021安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we (have)nowhere to stay no w.答案would have15.(2021陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I (dance)as well as her.答案danced16.(2021北京,29)—Can t you stay a little longer?—It s getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.答案must17.(2021浙江,4)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.答案couldn t18.(2021湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey(be)present,he would have offered any possible assis tance to the people there.答案had been19.(2021福建,32)(be)there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait f or weeks to get news from around the world.答案Were20.(2021重庆,3)I ve ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.答案needn t21.(2021江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,bring me food.答案should22.(2021天津,9)No one be more generous;he has a heart of gold.答案could/can23.(2021安徽,28)I(go)to my cousin s birthday party last night,but I was not availa ble.答案would/should have gone24.(2021陕西,12)My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.答案should25.(2021重庆,29)—It rained cats and dogs this morning.I m glad we took an umbrella.—Yeah,we would have got wet all over if we(have).答案hadn t【三年模拟】A组2021—2021年模拟·基础题组考点一动词的时态及主谓一致1.(2021浙江温州一般高中高考适应性测试,63)After ten days, all the work(pay) o ff. It made a big difference to Stevens life.答案paid2.(2021金华十校一模,60)She said her grandmother (teach) her poetry before the a ge of three.答案taught3.(2021浙江10月大联考)Mr. Perkins always (wear) the same clothes as other me n and ate the same food as other people.答案wore4.(2021武汉高三诊断检测,70)But no one (believe) that as China gets richer, the fa mily affection will change too much.答案believes5.(2021浙江宁波十校联考,56)Born in a rural village on Christmas Day, 1642, he was so s mall that no one thought he (survive).答案would survive6.(2021浙江温州协作体联考, 61) He (bury) himself in mathematics and began de veloping a mathematical theory.答案buried7.(2021重庆巴蜀中学一诊,61)For more than 50 years, travelers(use)the internatio nal driver s license to travel in foreign countries.答案have used/have been using8.(2021山东青岛一模,69)The men said they(hear)a tiger growling somewhere nea rby,but they didn t know from which direction the noise had come.答案had heard9.(2021浙江金华艾青中学质检,14)It is the third time so far that such a meeting(h old)in my hometown.答案has been held考点二动词的语态1.(2021绍兴10月模拟,58)My personality at this tune could (describe) as friendly and easily outgoing.答案be described2.(2021河北名校联盟, 66)When you go to university, you (teach) by professors w ho are leading figures in their study.答案will be taught3.(2021江西红色七校联考, 67)Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads(build).答案will be built4.(2021湖北重高联考,62) Among the various ways of celebration, a book which (name) The Bridge was particularly eye-catching.答案was named5.(2021浙江嘉兴高三月考,21)By that time, she (accept) by Yale University in the US.答案had been accepted6.(2021甘肃河西重点三校联考, 58)The girl (give) a certificate at the end of the p rogram to show that she has learned computer skills.答案will be given7.(2021山东下学期综合测试,65)Shortly after he borrowed this book, he(call)to L ondon to continue his research.答案was called8.(2021山东东营下学期一模,64)Researchers say that the human personality(for m)during the first two years of life.答案is formed9.(2021浙江温州十校联考,38)The results of the final examination (make)known t o the students soon.答案will be made考点三情态动词和虚拟语气1.(2021北京朝阳期中,4)He has no idea what the book is about. he have read it ver y carefully.答案can t2.(2021北京海淀期中,32)The price on this packet is wrong. It be $2.50, not $3.5 0.答案should3.(2021北京期中联考,21)In China, you vote when you are 18.答案can4.(2021淮南三市联考,65)I didn t know your mobile phone number; otherwise I (call) you the moment I got to Canada.答案would have called5.(2021北京师范大学附中期末,21) The door open, no matter how hard she pushe d.答案wouldn t6.(2021北京朝阳11月月考,22)You write the poem down. Our teacher will give u s a copy soon.答案needn t7.(2021北京海淀高三期中,33)How I wish the sky(be) as blue and clear as it is tod ay forever!答案were8.(2021天津六校联考,29)Lucas failed his driving test again. Had he practiced harder, he(pass) the test now.答案would pass9.(2021四川凉山二次诊断,61)We often hear that children wish they(be)grown-up s, and that old people wish to be young.答案were10.(2021浙江宁波十校3月联考,6)The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder,in dicating that it s high time we(reflect)on ourselves.答案reflected/should reflectB组2021—2021年模拟·提升题组(满分75分50分钟)Passage 1(用所给动词的适当形式填空)My best friend Kaiya is like me.She1(remind)me of myself.In the past,I2(be)neve r confident because of my appearance.People always laughed at my weight,my height,my hairst yle,etc.At that time,I was the shortest student in my class.I started getting depressed.However,so meone told me something that I will always remember.It was in March.Surrounded by a group of girls who3(point)at me and laughed at me,I couldn t help crying.The tears rolled down my face like a rushing river.To my surprise,someon e lifted my head up and wiped the tears from my eyes.I then knew it was our English teacher,Miss Li.She said,“You4(be)perfect the way y ou are.You should never change or hate yourself.People5(accept)you for who you6(b e).But if you cannot accept yourself,then how will other people accept you?” I7(inspire)by her words.Over the past few months,I8(learn)that no one is perfect and that we all have fla ws.Now I have wonderful friends who9(love)me for who I am.Now,seeing Kaiya cry,I decide to tell her the same thing Miss Li10(tell)me.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.reminds2.was3.pointed4.are5.will accept6.are7.was inspired8.have learned9.love10.toldPassage 2(用所给动词的适当形式填空)Sara:Thomas,your English1(be)so good.I wonder how you2(learn)it.Thomas:Well,in my country everyone has to learn English from the first grade.Sara:Wow,that s interesting.However,when I3(visit)your family last year,it4(see m)there weren t many people that could speak with me in English.Thomas:Oh,that s because they are shy.They5(be)not accustomed to talking with fore igners.Although I6(learn)English for 10 years,when I first came to the US,I was really nerv ous about speaking with the people here.Sara:I see.I thought there7(be)lots of Americans teaching English in your country.Thomas:Yes,that s true.There are more American teachers now than there8(be)five ye ars ago,but they are mostly in cities.My family lives in the country.Sara:I wonder why.Personally I9(prefer)the country to the city.I like the life there.It s so quiet,peaceful and beautiful.If I10(teach),I would want to teach in the country.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.is2.learned(learnt)3.visited4.seemed5.are6.had learned(learnt)7.were8.were9.prefer10.taughtPassage 3(用所给动词的适当形式填空)It was getting dark when I1(get)home.It was cold and I2(wear)a coat.I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket to take out my key but I3(can)not find it.I sudd enly remembered that I4(leave)it on my desk in the office.It really didn t make any differe nce.I knew my wife5(be)at home and the children must have come back from school by no w,so I6(knock)at the door.There was no answer,so I knocked again.I continued knocking at the door for some time.I was getting angry.Then I remembered something that the office boy7(tell)me at noon.He sa id that my wife8(phone)saying that she9(go)shopping in the afternoon with the childre n.There10(be)only one thing for me to do:I had to climb in through a window.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.got2.was wearing3.could4.had left5.was6.knocked7.had told8.had phoned9.would go10.wasPassage 4(综合填空)Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they1 (be)the same person.Both the two boys are smart,but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins the first place in the exa ms while Peter doesn t.However,people believe if Peter2(work)as hard as Tom,he would do as well as his brother in his study.At home,their parents suggest that they3(finish)their homework before playing compu ter games.But Peter insists that it4(be)OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.One day,when doing his homework,Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exe rcise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book,he struck ou t Tom s name and signed his name on its cover happily,and handed it in as his own homework the next day.When the teacher told the truth to the twins mother,she was very angry and shouted at Pet er,“How I wish you5(be)as diligent as your brother!Now it s time that I6(give)you a good lesson.And you7play any computer games for a month!”“Oh,no!Mom.8 a computer for such a long time,I would die.I would rather you9 (ask)me to do the dishes for a month alone.”Peter was upset.“If you10(finish)your homework on time yesterday,you wouldn t be punished no w,” said the mother.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.were2.worked3.(should)finish4.is5.were6.gave/should give7.mustn t8.Without9.asked10.had finishedPassage 5(综合填空)Tom:Hi,Mr.Smith.1you give me a hand?Mr.Smith:Of course.You2hesitate to ask me for help.What s the matter with you?Tom:My mum is always complaining about my going back home late after school.Mr.Smith:What do you usually do after school?Tom:I usually go to the playground to play basketball.But I know that I3go home firs t.Mr.Smith:Why don t you go home directly?Tom:My mother usually says,“Every student4do their homework first after school,an d that is a rule for all of the students”.You see,if I5(do)my homework first now,I couldn t have a rest or relax.I am so tired.Mr.Smith:Both you and your mum are reasonable.As a mother,she believes that you6n ever work too hard,while you think you need some time to have a rest.Does your mother know what you think?Tom:No.Even if I7(tell)her before,she wouldn t have understood it.Mr.Smith:I don t think you are right.I think you should tell your mother what you think an d she would understand you.Besides,you had better not hide your feelings from your mother and you8as well learn to communicate with her.Tom:Thank you for your advice.It is high time I9(talk)with her.Mr.Smith:I10agree more.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.Can2.needn t3.should4.shall5.did6.can7.had told8.might9.talked10.can t。
2.4谓语动词之情态动词
一、情态动词情态动词具有一定的词义,没有人称和数的变化,必须和其他动词一起构成谓语,用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。
You may use my dictionary.你可以使用我的字典。
(表示“允许”)You can’t have seen him just now.He has been abroad for nearly a month.你刚才不可能看见他了,他已经出国近一个月了。
(表示“推测”)(一)表能力表现在的能力:can am/ is/are able to表将来的能力:will be able to表过去的能力：could（表示过去的能力，不表示是否做）、was/were able to(表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了）相当于：managed to do sth/succeeded in doing sth、could have done 表示过去本能做但未做I can’t promise anything,but I’ll do what I can.(现在的能力)我不能许诺什么,但我会尽力而为。
If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem.(将来的能力)如果你好好睡一觉,你将能够解出这道题。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.(过去有能力做并且成功地做了某事)尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆,但是每个人都逃了出去。
I could have worked out the problem,but I was too nervous.(本来有能力做但未做)我本来可以解出这道题,但我太紧张了。
(二)表推测(可能性)1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。
客观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生,而用来说明人或事物的特征。
情态动词用法归纳(全)
You might have considered your parents' feelings. 你本可考虑你父母的感情的呀。
The director is alone now,So you may see him now . 局长现在是一个人，所以你可以现在去见他。 might 用于疑问句，语气更委婉，如： might I join you ? 我可以参加你们一起吗？
3) 表责备，只用might，用于肯定句，可用一般式和 完成式，完成式则表未实现的动作，如：
It could have been seen from here if it had not been so dark.
如果天不那么黑，你可能从这儿望见它的。（实际上已望不见）
3)表示请求和允许.
eg. You can borrow my bike tomorrow 明天你可以借用我的自行车
表这个意义时，can 用于疑问句时表要求，用于否定句时表不许，如：
You might ask before you borrow my car. 你可以先问问我再借我的车子嘛。
you might have helped me. 你完全可以帮我一把的呀。
4)May 与might的比较：
might 可表虚拟语气，may则不可以，如： It might help a little if you would only keep clean .
flowers.
初中英语动词及动词短语考点
初中英语动词及动词考点1动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词：及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
专四语法之情态动词
第四节情态动词（说明：英语动词分成主动词（main verb）和助动词（auxiliary）两大类，情态助动词（modal auxiliary）属于助动词，本身具有一定的词义，但必须和动词原形连用构成句子的谓语。
一、主要情态助动词的用法1.Can/could1)表示请求和允许（Permission）:could的语气更委婉；但回答时通常用can，不用could。
2)表示能力（Ability）:can表现在或将来；could表过去，在肯定句中，could泛指过去的一般能力。
3)表示可能性（Possibility）:can/could常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中。
2.may/might1)表示允许（Permission）:-May I ask you where you were born?我可以问你的出生地在哪吗？-Yes, you may.//No, you mustn’t/may not.可以。
//不可以。
2)表示可能性（Possibility）:常用于肯定句，不用于疑问句（疑问句和否定句中常用can）,各种时间时间均可用，might的语气比may委婉。
3)May可用来表示祝愿。
3.will/would1)用于第二人称疑问句中，表示请求、建议。
Would或w on’t的语气较will更委婉，不表时态。
2)表示意愿（Willingness）、意图（intention）、决心（determination）、承诺（promise）、预测等。
可用于各种人称。
4.Shall1)Shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
2)Shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句，表示命令、警告、威胁、强制、允诺等。
5.Should1)Should表示劝告、建议时，可译为“应该“，与ought to通用；但表示道义上的责任、义务时只能用ought to。
2)Should 表推测、可能时，往往有一定的根据，含有“按道理应该”之意。
谓语动词
谓语动词谓语动词是表示动作或状态的，它又可分为：行为动词、连系动词、情态动词、和助动词四种。
1. 行为动词行为动词也叫实义动词，有完整的词义，能独立做谓语。
根据是否需要宾语，行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。
（1）及物动词：要求后面接宾语，可以用于被动语态。
I fully appreciate your generosity .我非常感谢你的慷慨大方。
He is respected by everyone in the community .他受到社区里每个人的尊重。
I see an opportunity in every challenge .在每一次挑战中我都会看到机会。
Life has its ups and downs .人生有起有落。
（2）不及物动词：不要求后面接宾语，不能用于被动语态。
He never works hard .他从不努力工作。
Her plan has changed 他的计划已经改变了。
Your words and action must match .言行必须一致。
When people bagin to trust you ,your level of influence increases .当人们开始信任你时，你的影响度就提高了。
（3）有些动词可以做及物动词，后面接宾语；也可做不及物动词，后面不接宾语。
Change your way of thinking if necessary .必要时要改变你的思维方式。
We must always change .我们必须一直改变着。
God helps those who help themselves .天助自助者。
Is there anything I can do to help ?有没有什么事让我帮助？2.连系动词连系动词词义不完整，必须和其后的表语一起构成系表结构做谓语。
和连系动词一起构成的常用的语法结构（系表结构）有：（1）连系动词+形容词（这种结构最多）。
情态动词的用法总结
情态动词的用法总结下面是小编整理的一些关于情态动词的用法总结，欢迎大家阅读!possibility: can / could, may / mightcertainty: must, will, shouldability: can / could, be able topermission: can / could, may / mightrequests: can / could, will / wouldsuggestions: could / may /might, shallnecessity: must, have to, have got to, needadvice: ought to, had better情态动词的语法特征1. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加- s (have to, have got to, be able to 除外)。
2. 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
3. 情态动词本身具有一定词义, 但意思不够完整, 不能单独做谓语, 后接动词原形一起构成谓语部分 (ought to, have to/have got to, be able to除外)。
4. 情态动词无非谓语形式,即无不定式、分词等形式。
Sum up1. can和be able to1) can (could) 表示能力、可能, 只用于现在式和过去式2) be able to可以用于各种时态。
只用be able to的情况：a. 位于助动词后。
b. 情态动词后。
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/ were able to,不能用could。
注意:could还可不表示时态,只表示1) 提出委婉的请求,回答中不可用could。
--- Could I have the television on?--- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.2) 在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。
英语动词分类大全
英语动词分类大全（附练习）一、什么是动词动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即状态动词）的词，例如：The boy runs fast.（这个男孩跑得快。
）runs表示主语的行为He is a boy.（他是个男孩。
）is与后面的表语a boy表示主语的状态二、动词的分类动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词（也称实义动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
（一）行为动词行为动词（实义动词）是表示行为、动作或状态的词。
它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。
例如：I live in?Beijing?with my mother.（我和我妈妈住在北京。
）live，住It has a round face.（它有一张圆脸。
）has，有（二）连系动词连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，例如：We are in Grade Two this year.（今年我们在两年级。
）are，是are?这个词的词义“是”在句子中常常不译出。
连系动词可具体分为三类：1、表示“是”的动词be。
这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am，are，was，were，have/has been 等要特别予以注意。
例如：He is a teacher.（他是个教师。
）He was a soldier two years ago.（两年前他是个士兵。
）We are Chinese.（我们是中国人。
）2、表示“感觉”的词，如look（看起来），feel（觉得，摸起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）等，例如：She looked tired.（她看一去很疲劳。
）I feel ill.（我觉得不舒服。
）Cotton feels soft.（棉花摸起来很软。
）The story sounds interesting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。
谓语的各种形式
谓语的各种形式谓语是说明主语的状态或行为动作。
1.简单谓语: 由一个动词或动词短语构成的谓语。
2.复合谓语：(1)由情态动词、be动词或其它助动词加动词原形或动词的其它形式构成。
Eg. I can speak French. （复）They are playing basketball now. （复）(2)由系动词加表语构成。
Eg . We are volunteers. （复）下面总结了各种时态的谓语结构（其中包括被动语态的谓语结构），请牢记：Ⅰ一般现在时(1) is / am / are （简）(2)动词原形（V原）（简）(3)动词的第三人称单数(V-s/es) （简）(4)情态动词原形can、must、may、have to 、has to 等）+动词原形（复）(5) 情态动词原形can、must、may、have to 、has to 等）+be（复）（6）there is / are （简）被动谓语结构：(2) &(3) is/am/are +p.p (过去分词v-ed或P103-P105第三列) （复）(4) 情态动词原形（can、must、may、have to 、has to 等）+ be + p.p (过去分词v-ed 或P103-P105第三列) （复）Ⅱ一般过去时(1) was/were （简）(2)动词过去式（v-ed 或P103-P105第二列）（简）(3)情态动词过去式（could 、must、might、had to 等）+ 动词原形（复）(4)情态动词过去式（could 、must、might、had to 等）+be（复）(5) there was/were（复）被动语态：(2) was/were + p.p (过去分词v-ed或P103-P105第三列) （复）(3) 情态动词过去式（could 、must、might、had to 等）+ be+ p.p (过去分词v-ed 或P103-P105第三列) （复）Ⅲ现在完成时(1)has/have + been (2) has/have + p.p (过去分词v-ed或P103-P105第三列) （复）被动语态：(2) has/have + been+ p.p (过去分词v-ed或P103-P105第三列) （复）Ⅳ过去完成时(1) had + been (2) had +p.p (过去分词v-ed或P103-P105第三列) （复）被动语态(2) had + been+ p.p (过去分词v-ed或P103-P105第三列) （复）Ⅴ一般将来时1、(1) will/shall+be（复）(2) will/shall + V原（复）2、(3) is/am/are going to +be （复）(4) is/am/are going to + V原（复）3、(5)is/am/are to be（复）(6) is/am/are to +V原（复）4、(7) is/am/are about to +be（复）(8) is/am/are about to +V原（复）5、用一般现在时的6种谓语形式表将来：①所有的时间状语从句和条件状语从句用一般现在时态表将来，构成“主将从现”。
情态动词的用法完整详细
情态动词的用法完整详细情态动词定义:情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态颜色，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应当或须要等。
情态动词后面加动词原形。
分类：情态动词有四类：①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to①可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare①可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would)①具有情态动词特征：have(had) to,used to位置:情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。
I can see you. Come here.我能看见你，过来吧。
He must have been away.他一定走了。
What can I do for you?我能帮你吗？How dare you treat us like that！你怎能那样对待我们！特点:情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。
个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达越发客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或未来。
情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。
情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
He could be here soon.他很快就来。
We can't carry the heavy box.我们搬不动那箱子。
I'm sorry I can't help you.对不起，我帮不上你。
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区分之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想：What have you been doing since? （构成完成举行体，本身无词义）I am afraid I must be going. （一定要）You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经）除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。
情态动词知识点大总结
情态动词知识点大总结一、情态动词的概念和特点情态动词（modal verb）是一类专门用来表示说话者对事物的看法、态度或推测的动词。
常见的情态动词包括 can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, ought to, dare和need等。
与一般动词不同的是，情态动词具有以下几个特点：1. 没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词在句子中不受主语的人称和数的变化而变化，例如，can的第三人称单数形式依然是can，不需要添加-s或-es。
2. 没有时态的变化。
情态动词本身不具备时态的变化，它们不像一般动词那样有过去式和过去分词的变化形式。
3. 没有非谓语形式。
情态动词没有不定式、动名词和非谓语形式，也不能在句子中独立使用，必须与其他动词搭配使用。
4. 没有被动语态。
情态动词不能与被动语态一起使用，也就是说没有情态动词的被动语态形式，只能使用其它动词的被动语态。
二、情态动词的用法情态动词在句子中主要用来表示一种语气、情态或推测，它们有不同的用法和含义，下面将针对每个情态动词的用法进行详细介绍：1. cancan表示能力或可能性，用于表示能力时常用于肯定句中，表达“能够、会”之意，例如，“I can speak English.”而用于表示可能性时则用于疑问句或否定句中，表示“可能、或许”之意，例如，“Can you help me?”。
2. couldcould是can的过去式，用法与can类似，用于表示能力或可能性，也可以表示客气或恳求的语气，例如，“Could you pass me the salt?”。
3. maymay表示允许、请求或推测，用于表示允许时常用于疑问句或否定句中，表示“可能、或许”的意思，例如，“May I borrow your pen?”4. mightmight用法与may类似，表示可能性或意愿，但语气更加委婉，有时也用于表示过去的推测，例如，“It might rain tomorrow.”。
情态动词英语语法知识精讲
情态动词英语语法知识精讲情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语动词，一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。
小编在这里整理了相关资料，希望能帮助到您。
情态动词概述特征1)情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语动词，一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。
2)情态动词所表示的情态有：命令、允诺、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、能力、敢于、需要等。
3)情态动词(ought除外)和助动词shall，will，should，would 一样，后面的动词不定式一般皆不带。
形式变化1)没有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数的现在时也无变化。
如：I can We canYou can You canHeThey canShe canIt2)有些情态动词有过去式，有少数过去式和它的原形相同。
a)有过去式的情态动词有：may -- wouldcan ―― couldmay―― nightshall -- shouldhave to -- had tob)过去式不变的情态动词有：must - must (或had to)ought to - ought toneed---needdare - dare(亦可用dared)3)大多数情态动词后面可用动词的进行式、完成式和被动形式，如：can(may，must)be doing，can(may，must) have done，can(may，must)be done等。
否定式情态动词和助动词一样，后面可直接跟否定词not。
现将情态动词的否定式及其否定式的简略式(简略式用于口语中)列举如下：shall not--shan't [FB:nt]will not---won't [wEunt]can not-can't [kB:nt]must not-mustn't [5mQsnt]should not-- shouldn'twould not-- wouldn'tcould not-- couldn'tdare not- daren't [dZEnt]need not-- needn't在疑问句中的用法情态动词在疑问句中的用法和助动词相同。
情态动词、系动词、非谓语
注意 : can = be able to must = have to mustn’t = be not allowed to needn’t = do (does)not have to
1).动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形” 动词不定式的基本形式是“ 动词原形 动词原形” 动词不定式的基本形式是 (有时可不带 有时可不带to). 有时可不带 用作主语;表语 宾语;宾语不足语 定语和状语. 表语;宾语 宾语不足语;定语和状语 用作主语 表语 宾语 宾语不足语 定语和状语
3.助动词 无特殊意思 但能表示时态和语态 助动词(无特殊意思 但能表示时态和语态, 助动词 无特殊意思,但能表示时态和语态 必须与动词一起组成谓语) 必须与动词一起组成谓语 常见的助动词有:be(am,is,are,was,were) , 常见的助动词有 do(does,did) ,have(has,had), will(would) ,shall(should) … eg.The classroom is cleaned every day . Wendy Wang doesn’t need much help . Did you do a survey about family lives in Shanghai ? We haven’t heard from each other for ages . A medical team will be sent to the front.
(5).作定语 作定语 We have a lot of things to learn learn. He has some homework to do do.
2).不定式的否定 不定式的否定
not to do & not do
情态动词
知识点情态动词一、概念：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成复合谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
它和基本助动词（be,do, have）都属于助动词类。
情态动词有： can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would) .其他还有 ought to, need, dare 等。
二、情态动词的特点:1）各个情态动词自身都有一定的词义。
2）情态动词不能在句中独立担当谓语，必须和另一动词一起构成谓语。
3）情态动词无人称和数的变化。
情态动词后面跟动词原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。
4) 情态动词后接的不定式（除ought外）都不带to ，即接动词原形。
5) 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强,可用于过去，现在或将来。
6) 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。
7) 初中英语情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示等候或估计某事的发生。
三、情态动词使用“七注意”一、表示“不能”的can't 与mustn't的区别。
can't表示“不能”时，意指没有能力；mustn't表示“不能”时，意指禁止或不允许。
试比较：The old man is so tired that he __________ go any farther.The baby is asleep. You __________ make any noise.二、表示“必须”的must和have to的区别。
must表示说话人的主观看法；而have to则表示客观需要。
You __________ finish the work today. My father __________ work when he was ten years old.三、回答must引导的一般疑问句时，如果是否定回答，一般不用mustn't，而要用needn't或don't haveto。
情态动词用法归纳全
如果天不那么黑，你可能从这儿望见它的。（实际上已望不见）
3)表示请求和允许.
eg. You can borrow my bike tomorrow 明天你可以借用我的自行车
表这个意义时，can 用于疑问句时表要求，用于否定句时表不许，如：
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday in spite of the heavy rain.
2)表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）
eg. The moon can not always be at the full. 月不可能常圆 If it's raining tomorrow,the sports can take place indoors.
You might ask before you borrow my car. 你可以先问问我再借我的车子嘛。
you might have helped me. 你完全可以帮我一把的呀。
4)May 与might的比较：
might 可表虚拟语气，may则不可以，如： It might help a little if you would only keep clean .
你只要愿意保持清洁，情况或许就会好一些。 表可能时只用may 指现在，一般不用might 指过去， might只用于间接引语，表责备时只用might You may find this book at the library. 你可以在图书馆找到这本书。
英语情态动词有哪些
英语情态动词有哪些？情态动词有四类：①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would)④具有情态动词特征：have(had) to,used to情态动词用法：首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作（如写,读,跑）,而情态动词只是表达的一种想法（如能,也许,敢）.用法是：情态动词+行为动词原形例句：I can read this sentence in English.我能用英语读这句话.情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语.We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿.May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗?Shall we begin now?我们现在就开始吗?You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规.情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.情态动词还有一个很重要的用法，即情态动词表推测——一、情态动词表推测的三种句式1．在肯定句中一般用must （一定），can,could （可能），might /may（也许，或许）。
(1)He must/can/may,might know the answer to this question.他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。
(2)It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。
四级句子成分主谓宾定状补表
Have a try
• Translate the sentences into Chinese. 1. 没什么是不可能的。 Nothing is impossible. (不定代词作主语) 2. 抱怨是没用的。 Complaining is useless. (动名词作主语） It is no use complaining. (it 作形式主语，complaining 动名词作真正主语）
动词分为：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情 态动词。
1. 实义动词为行为动词。它是表示动作或状 态的动词，能单独做谓语。进一步可以分 为及物动词(如believe, lend, make, win等） 和不及物动词(如happen, sleep, work等）。
句子成分2：谓语 2. 系动词：系动词本身有意思，但不能单独做谓语，
now. (it 作形式主语， that 引导主语从句）
Have a try
• Translate the sentences into Chinese. 6. 迎接新世纪的挑战很重要。 It’s necessary for us to meet the challenge of
the new century. (it 作形式主语，不定式短语做真正主语）
I think that learning English is important. (that 引导宾语从句，作宾语）
I consider it important to learn English. （it 作形式宾语，to learn English 不定式短
语作真正宾语）
Have a try
5. My suggestion is that we should start at once. ( t_h_a_t_w_e__sh_o_u_l_d_s_ta_r_t_a_t_o_n_c_e_. _表_语__从__句_。)
谓语动词
will(would)。
I shall/will be eighteen next year.明年我就18岁了。
4．情态动词 情态动词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的 能力、语气或情态等，如“可能”、“应当”。它们不 能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词一起作谓语。情态动词 多 数 没 有 人 称 和 数 的 变 化 。 主 要 有 ： can/could ， may/might ， must ， need ， dare ， will/would ，
keep( 保持 ) 。这些词没有被动语态形式，也不用于进行
时态。
3．助动词 助动词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独用作谓 助动词在句中与实义动词一起构成各种时态、语态以及 否定和疑问结构。
语。助动词有be，have，shall(should)，will(would)和do。
(1)助动词be有下列几种形式：
2．My uncle called and asked me if I had ________the
birthday gift from him.
A．invented
C．received
B．raised
D．ordered
解析： 考查动 词词义 辨析。 invent“ 发明”； raise“ 举
起”；receive“收到”；order“命令，预订”。由句意知
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。 grow“ 生长”； develop“ 发
展 ” ； increase“ 增 长 ” ； find“ 发 现 ” 。 develop a ...
habit“养成……的习惯”，由句意可知应该选B。
答案：B
6．(2013· 连云港)—Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight, Kate? —I'd love to, but I've________ Linda's invitation to dinner. A．suffered C．received B．earned D．accepted
谓语动词分类
.谓语动词分类1.行为动词（实义动词）：实义动词词义完整，能独立作谓语，可分成：及物动词（transitive verb）和不及物动词（intransitive verb）。
及物动词后面必须跟宾语，意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词（transitive verb）。
英语中的及物动词有：interest，worry，guess,please,surprise,love等哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?”“How long can I keep the book ”Harry asked.不及物动词本身意义完整，后面不用跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词（intransitive verb）。
Birds can fly.鸟会飞。
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
1．及物动词要求有宾语①Mr．Smith gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday．史密斯先生给了他的妻子20英镑过生日。
②He asked the teacher a few questions．他向老师问了几个问题。
③We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。
.④Children and young people like bright colors．孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色。
2．不及物动词不要求有宾语①Most shops in Britain open at 9:00 A．m. and close at 5:00 or 5:30 in the evening .英国大部分商店九点开门，晚五点或五点半关门。
②George's father lives there．乔治的爸爸住在那里。
③Let's go home．我们回家吧。
④The examination ended at 11:30 a．m．考试上午十一点半结束。
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情态动词
3. He abandoned a career that ______ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world. A. could have led B. would lead C. should have led D. must lead 【答案】A
情态动词
三、情态动词的完成式 (3) could/might have done 对过去事情的遗憾惋惜 1. He could have joined us, but he didn’t get our invitation. 2. He might have given you more help, but he was busy then.
【答案】 A
【解析】对现在情况的否定推测。
情态动词
二、征询意见
(1)Shall...？我/我们可以做……吗？ 注意：肯定回答：Yes，……must。 Yes，……shall。
情态动词
(2)Must...？必须做……吗？ 注意：否定回答：No, ……needn’t No, ……don’t have to。
情态动词
三、情态动词的完成式 (2) should(ought to) have done 对过去动作的责备、批评 1. With all this work on hand, she ______ to the dance party last night A. oughtn’t to go B. hadn’t gone C. shouldn’t have gone D. mustn’t have gone 【答案】C
情态动词
2. You ought ____ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday A. to report B. to have reported C. to reporting D. have reported 【答案】B 3. I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I ____ him earlier. A. had a telephone B. have phoned C. should have phoned D. should be phoned 【答案】C
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
【答案】：can/could
must can
情态动词
【解析】 第1空填can/could，因为在疑问句中表 示猜测一般只能用can或could； 第2空填must，因为在肯定句中表示有 把握的猜测，意为“一定”，用must； 第3空填can，因为表示有把握的否定猜 测，意为“不可能”，用can’t。
情态动词
(2)The ground is very dry，so it________(rain) last night. 【解析】 表示对过去情况的否定推测。 【答案】 can’t/couldn’t have rained (3)Mr.White________(arrive) at 8∶00 for the meeting，but he didn’t show up. 【解析】 表示轻微的责备，“本应 该……”。 【答案】 should have arrived
情态动词
三、情态动词的完成式 (1) must have done 对过去已发生的事情的肯定推测 1. Since this road is wet and slippery this morning, it _____ last night. A. Must rain B. was raining C. Must have rained D. may rain 【答案】C
第一讲：谓语动词
第四节：
情态动词
主讲：Anne
重 点
1、情态动词表推测
2、情态动词接完成时
情态动词
一、表示推测
must
肯定推测 should
may
can’t/couldn’t 否定推测 shouldn’t may/might/could not 疑问推测 Can/could
情态动词
考点链接
请用适当的情态动词填空。 (1)A：The lights of the classroom are still on，who________it be? B：It________be Jenny.She always leaves so late. A ：Oh，no；it________not be Jenny because I saw her in the library just now.
(3)—Need I go with you to the office？ (肯定回答) —____________. 【答案】 Yes，you must
情态动词
(4)—Might I have talk with you this evening？(肯定回答) —____________. 【答案】 Yes，you can/may
（3）Need...？需要做……吗？ 注意：肯定回答：Yes, ……must。
情态动词
考点链接
请根据要求完成句子。 (1)—Shall I clean the classroom again？ (肯定回答) —____________. 【答案】 Yes，you must
情态动词
(2)—Must I hand in my composition today？(否定回答) —____________. 【答案】 No，you needn’t
情态动词
3. Mr. Green _____ my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now. A. must have received B. must have failed to receive C. must receive D. must fail to receive 【答案】B
情态动词
考点链接
请用合适的情态动词及括号内所给动词的适 当形式填空。 (1)—Tom graduated from college at a very young age. —Oh，he____________(be) a very smart boy then. 【答案】 must have been 【解析】 表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
总结
情态动词表推测 情态动词征询意见 情态动词接完成时
情态动词
1. Since this road is wet and slippery this morning, it _____ last night. A. Must rain B. was raining C. Must have rained D. may rain 【答案】C 2. I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time. A. Would have had B. could have had C. Should have had D. must have had 【答案】D
情态动词
(2)I have lost one of my gloves. I ________have dropped it somewhere.
【答案】 must
【解析】 must表示有把握的肯 定猜测，这里是对已发生的事进行 推测，后面接的是完成式(have dropped)。
（3）She ____ be ill because I saw her playing tennis just now. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. may not