医学检验系统解剖学11-视器听器

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Aqueous Humor 房水 Lens 晶状体 Vitreous Body 玻璃体
Vitreous body 玻璃体
•Transparent, colourless, gelatinous mass •Helps to keep the retina in place by pressing it against the choroid
Vitreous body
Retinal detachment
Lens 晶状体
Cataract 白内障
Aqueous humor 房水
Production: Epithelial cells of ciliary body Functions: •Intraocular pressure (11~21 mmHg ) •Nutrition Circulation
Sclera 巩膜:
White Opaque Protective
The structure of the cornea
LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis)
准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术
Vascular Tunic 血管膜
Iris 虹膜 Ciliary Body 睫状体 Choroid 脉络膜
Photoreceptors 感光细胞 Bipolar cells双极细胞 Ganglion cells节细胞
Retinal detachment
视网膜剥离
Opthalmoscopic View of Retina
Optic disc 视神经盘
No photoreceptors, blind spot.
睫状肌的调节作用
睫Leabharlann Baidu肌




睫状小带 睫状小带
松弛
紧张
晶状体 曲度变化
Choroid 脉络膜
Vascular, darkly pigmented membrane Prevents scattering of light rays within the eye
Retina 视网膜
Pigmented layer 色素上皮层 Neural layer 神经层
Macula lutea 黄斑 Fovea centralis 中央凹:
area of greatest visual acuity; photoreceptor cells tightly packed
ARMD (Age Related Macula Degeneration)
Content of the Eyeball 眼球内容物
Glaucoma 青光眼
病例
女,67岁,2小时前因情绪激动,左眼突然出现剧烈 疼痛,视物模糊,伴头痛及呕吐入急诊。
眼部检查:左眼视力0.02;眼压检查:右眼14 mmHg (正常:11~26 mmHg),左眼56 mmHg;球结膜混合充 血,角膜上皮雾状水肿; 前房浅; 瞳孔散大固定; 右眼未见明显异常。
病例
女,67岁,2小时前因情绪激动,左眼突然出现剧烈 疼痛,视物模糊,伴头痛及呕吐入急诊。
眼部检查:左眼视力0.02;眼压检查:右眼14 mmHg (正常:11~26 mmHg),左眼56 mmHg;球结膜混合充 血,角膜上皮雾状水肿; 前房浅; 瞳孔散大固定; 右眼未见明显异常。
感觉器
Sensory Organs
何美华 北京大学医学部解剖学系
Sensory Organs 感觉器
是感受器receptor及其附属结构的总称
外感受器 分布在皮肤、黏膜、视器和听器等处
内感受器 分布于内脏和心血管等处,接受如渗
透压、压力、温度、离子和化合物浓度等的刺激。
本体感受器 分布在肌、肌腱、关节和内耳的位
觉器等处。
Receptor
Iris 虹膜
Visible colored part of the eye.
Smooth muscle determines size of pupil.
Sphincter pupillae muscle Dilator pupillae muscle
Ciliary Body 睫状体
Ciliary Muscle
Fibrous tunic 纤维膜
Eyeball Wall 眼球壁
Eyeball
Vascular tunic 血管膜 Retina 视网膜
Eyeball Content 眼球内容物
Fibrous Tunic 纤维膜
Cornea 角膜:
Avascular, Transparent Sensitive
睫状肌
Anterior chamber前房 Posterior chamber后房
Ciliary Process Ciliary Zonule
睫状突
睫状小带
Functions: Accommodation (Control of lens focusing) Aqueous humor (房水) production
Brain
视器 Visual Organ
Visual Organ
Eyeball 眼球
Accessory Organs 眼副器
眼睑 Eyelids 结膜 Conjunctiva 泪器 Lacrimal apparatus 眼球外肌 Extraocular muscle
Anatomy of the Eyeball
Near vision: Ciliary muscles contract. Tension of ciliary zonule is reduced. Lens becomes more spherical, greater refraction of light
Corrections of ametropia
初步诊断: 青光眼 Glaucoma
Glaucoma
Light bending structures
Cornea Aqueous humor Lens Vitreous body
From “discovery channel”
Focusing, Accommodation
Distant Vision: Ciliary muscles are relaxed. Lens is flat.
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