中考英语易混淆词汇总结

中考英语易混淆词汇总结一、花费spend take pay cost1、spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：（1）(sb) spend some money/some time on sth。

（2）(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth。

（3）spend money for sth. 花钱买……例如：I spent fifty yuan on the coat。

= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。

He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。

His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。

2、take常用于“占用、花费”时间，后面常跟双宾语，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。

句式是：（1）It takes/took sb.some time to do sth例如：It will take me two days to do the work.这项工作花了2天时间。

（2）Doing sth./Sth.takes sb.some time.例如：The work will take me two days。

这项工作花了2天时间。

3、pay为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，句型（1）sb. pays some money for sth例如：I paid fifty yuan for the coat。

我花50元买了这件大衣。

（2）pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。

例如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。

（3）pay money back 还钱。

例如：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。

（4）pay off one's money还清钱。

例如：I will pay off your money as quickly as I can.我会尽快还清你的钱。

4、cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”。

句型：（1）sth. costs (sb。

) ＋money,某物花了(某人)多少钱。

例如：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

（2）(doing) sth. costs (sb。

) ＋time,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。

例如：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。

北京市海淀区中考试题I'm interested in animals, so I _____________ every Saturday working in an animal hospital。

A. payB. getC. takeD. spend【解析】答案：D。

该题考查的是pay, get, take和spend这四个动词的用法区别。

只有动词spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth. 这个句型里，所以正确答案应是spend。

This science book ____ me a great amount of money。

A. tookB. costC. usedD. spent答案：B1.clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词，clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Let's go and seea good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，He has a large vocabulary. word具体的单词8. population, peoplepopulation人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10.road, street, path, wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course12. custom, habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作"课"解时,两者可以替换。

指课文用lesson. lesson 6;指班级或全体学生用class. class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，talk with sb. lecture学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on…17. officer, officialofficer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。

work不可数，job可数a good job19. couple, paircouple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook厨师，cooker厨具He is a good cook.22. damage, damagesdamage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金$900 damages23. police, policemanpolice警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.24. problem, questionproblem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用25. man, a manman人类，a man一个男人Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip29. sport, gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.30. price, prizeprice价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize The price is high/low.31. a number of, the number ofa number of许多，谓语动词用复数。

the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。

The number of students is increasing.32. in front of, in the front ofin front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.33. of the day, of a dayof the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的a famous scientist of the day 34. three of us, the three of usthree of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围They went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时Thinking for a moment, he agreed.37. next year, the next yearnext year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语He said he would go abroad the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等）39. take advice, take the(one's) advicetake advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步We take the air every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word总之，一句话，in words口头上In a word, you are right.42. in place of, in the place ofin place of代替，in the place of在…地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会46. go to sea, by sea, by the seago to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路，by the sea在海边go by sea47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师the doctor and teacher is48. in office, in the officein office在职的，in the office在办公室里He is in office, not out of office.49. in bed, on the bedin bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of管理，负责照料，in the charge of由……照料He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.51. in class, in the classin class在课上，in the class在班级里He is the best student in the class.52. on fire, on the fireon fire着火,on the fire在火上Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.53. out of question, out of the questionout of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的54. a second, the seconda second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.55. by day, by the dayby day白天，by the day按天计算The workers are paid by the day.56. the people, a peoplethe people指人，a people指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57. it, oneit同一物体，one同类不同一I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.59. none, nothing, no onenone强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人--- How many…/How much…? --- None.60. anyone, any oneanyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you62.what, whichwhat的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?63. other, anotherother后接名词复数，another后接名词单数other students, another student64. not a little, not a bitnot a little非常，not a bit一点也不I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。