中考英语易混淆词汇总结

中考英语易混淆词汇总结

一、花费spend take pay cost

1、spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：

（1）(sb) spend some money/some time on sth。（2）(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth。

（3）spend money for sth. 花钱买……

例如：

I spent fifty yuan on the coat。= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。

His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。

2、take常用于“占用、花费”时间，后面常跟双宾语，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是：

（1）It takes/took sb.some time to do sth

例如：It will take me two days to do the work.这项工作花了2天时间。

（2）Doing sth./Sth.takes sb.some time.

例如：The work will take me two days。这项工作花了2天时间。

3、pay为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，句型

（1）sb. pays some money for sth

例如：I paid fifty yuan for the coat。我花50元买了这件大衣。

（2）pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。

例如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。

（3）pay money back 还钱。

例如：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。

（4）pay off one's money还清钱。

例如：I will pay off your money as quickly as I can.我会尽快还清你的钱。

4、cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”。句型：

（1）sth. costs (sb。) ＋money,某物花了(某人)多少钱。

例如：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

（2）(doing) sth. costs (sb。) ＋time,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。

例如：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。

北京市海淀区中考试题

I'm interested in animals, so I _____________ every Saturday working in an animal hospital。

A. pay

B. get

C. take

D. spend

【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是pay, get, take和spend这四个动词的用法区别。只有动词spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth. 这个句型里，所以正确答案应是spend。

This science book ____ me a great amount of money。

A. took

B. cost

C. used

D. spent

答案：B

1.clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词，clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident

incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number

amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词a number of students

4. family, house, home

home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.

5. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing

photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Let's go and see

a good picture.

7. vocabulary, word

vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，He has a large vocabulary. word具体的单词

8. population, people

population人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.

9. weather, climate

weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.

10.road, street, path, way

road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径

take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject

course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course

12. custom, habit

custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作"课"解时,两者可以替换。指课文用lesson. lesson 6;指班级或全体学生用class. class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，talk with sb. lecture学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer

18. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数a good job