软件工程选择题题库

1、Software is a set of items or objects that form a “configuration” that includes （D）D. all of the above2、The nature of software applications can be characterized by their information (D)A. complexityB. content~C. determinacyD. choices "b" and "c"3、Which of the items listed below is not one of the software engineering layers(b)a. Processb. Manufacturingc. Methodsd. Tools4、What are the three generic phases of software engineering(a)·a. definition, development, supportb. what, how, wherec. programming, debugging, maintenanced. analysis, design, testing5、Which of these terms is a level name in the Capability Maturity Model(b)a. Ad hocb. Repeatablec. Reusable&d. OrganizedCMM。

它是对于软件组织在定义、实施、度量、控制和改善其软件过程的实践中各个发展阶段的描述。

CMM的核心是把软件开发视为一个过程，并根据这一原则对软件开发和维护进行过程监控和研究，以使其更加科学化、标准化、使企业能够更好地实现商业目标。

CMM 分为五个等级：一级为初始级，二级为可重复级，三级为已定义级，四级为已管理级，五级为优化级。

6、In which software development problem solving stage are the results delivered(d)a. Status quob. Problem definitionc. Technical developmentd. Solution integration7、The linear sequential model of software development is(a)&a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.b. A good approach when a working program is required quickly.c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.d. An old fashioned model that is rarely used any more.8、The linear sequential model of software development is also known as the (a)a. Classical life cycle modelb. Fountain modelc. Spiral model—d. Chaos model9、The prototyping model of software development is (b)a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.d. A risky model that rarely produces a meaningful product.10、The rapid application development model is (c)a. Another name for component-based development.;b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.c. A high speed adaptation of the linear sequential model.d. All of the above.11、Evolutionary software process models (d)a. Are iterative in natureb. Can easily accommodate product requirements changesc. Do not generally produce throw away systemsd. All of the above|12、The incremental model of software development is (b)a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.b. A good approach when a working core product is required quickly.c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.d. A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products.13、The spiral model of software development (c)a. Ends with the delivery of the software productb. Is more chaotic than the incremental model{c. Includes project risks evaluation during each iterationd. All of the above14、The component-based development model is(c)a. Only appropriate for computer hardware design.b. Not able to support the development of reusable components.c. Dependent on object technologies for support.d. Not cost effective by known quantifiable software metrics.15、Effective software project management focuses on(c)·a. people, performance, payoff, productb. people, product, performance, processc. people, product, process, projectd. people, process, payoff, product16、The first step in project planning is to (d)a. determine the budget.b. select a team organizational model.c. determine the project constraints.@d. establish the objectives and scope.17、Which factor is the least important when choosing the organizational structure for a software team (d)a. degree of communication desiredb. predicted size of the resulting programc. rigidity of the delivery dated. size of the project budget18、One of the best ways to avoid frustration during the software development process is to (a)a. give team members more control over process and technical decisions.·b. give team members less control over process and technical decisions.c. hide bad news from the project team members until things improve.d. reward programmers based on their productivity.19、Which of these software characteristics is not a factor contributing to project coordination difficulties (b)a. interoperabilityb. performancec. scaled. uncertainty）20、Which of these software characteristics are used to determine the scope of a software project(c)a. context,lines of code, functionb. context, function, communication requirementsc. information objectives, function, performanced. communications requirements, performance, information objectives21、What activity does a software project manager need to perform to minimize the risk of software failure (d)a. double the project team sizeb. request a large budget\c. allow absolutely no schedule slippaged. define milestones and track progress22、Which of these is not a valid reason for measuring software processes, products, and resources (c)a. to characterize themb. to evaluate themc. to price themd. to improve them23、Process indicators enable a software project manager to (d)、a. assess the status of an on-going projectb. track potential risksc. adjust work flow or tasksd. all of the above24、Which of the following items are not measured by software project metrics (b)a. inputsb. marketsc. outputs【d. results25、Which of the following software quality factors is most likely to affected by radical changes to computing architectures (d)a. operationb. transitionc. revisiond. none of the above26、Which of the following provide useful measures of software quality (d)a. correctness, performance, integrity, usability@b. reliability, maintainability, integrity, salesc. correctness, maintainability, size, satisfactiond. correctness, maintainability, integrity, usability27、To be an effective aid in process improvement the baseline data used must be: (b)a. based on reasonable guesstimates from past projectsb. measured consistently across similar projectsc. collected over the past 6 monthsd. based on all previously completed projects-28、The software engineering environment (SEE) consists of which of the following (c)a. customers and usersb. developers and managersc. hardware platforms and software toolsd. none of the above29、LOC-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on (c)a. information domain valuesb. project schedule:c. software functionsd. process activities30、FP-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on (a)a. information domain valuesb. project schedulec. software functionsd. process activities31、Process-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on (c)~a. information domain values and data objectsb. project schedule and milestonesc. software functions and process activitiesd. none of the above32、Software risk always involves two characteristics (c)a. fire fighting and crisis managementb. known and unknown risksc. uncertainty and loss`d. staffing and budget33、Three categories of risks are (b)a. business risks, personnel risks, budget risksb. project risks, technical risks, business risksc. planning risks, technical risks, personnel risksd. management risks, technical risks, design risks34、Risk projection attempts to rate each risk in two ways (c)a. likelihood and cost、b. likelihood and impactc. likelihood and consequencesd. likelihood and exposure35、Risk tables are sorted by (b)a. probability and costb. probability and impactc. probability and consequencesd. probability and exposure]36、An effective risk management plan will need to address which of the following issues (d)a. risk avoidanceb. risk monitoringc. contingency planningd. all of the above37、Which of the following is not one of the guiding principles of software project scheduling (b)a. compartmentalizationb. market assessment*c. time allocationd. effort validation38、A task set is a collection of (a)a. engineering work tasks, milestones, deliverablesb. task assignments, cost estimates, metricsc. milestones, deliverables, metricsd. responsibilities, milestones, documents39、Adaptation criteria are used to determine the (d)a. costs of product maintenanceb. adjustments to the project schedulec. best project type classification for a software processd. recommended degree of rigor for software process40、For purposes of determining the major engineering tasks and distributing them on the project time line, the project manager should assume that the process model used is (d)a. linear sequentialb. iterativec. evolutionary）d. any of the above41、The purpose of earned value analysis is to (b)a. determine how to compensate developers based on their productivityb. provide a quantitative means of assessing software project progressc. provide a qualitative means of assessing software project progressd. set the price point for a software product based on development effort42、A key concept of quality control is that all work products (c)a. are delivered on time and under budget|b. have complete documentationc. have measurable specifications for process outputsd. are thoroughly tested before delivery to the customer43、Software reliability problems can almost always be traced to (b)a. errors in requirements gatheringb. errors in design and implementationc. human errord. errors in operation—44、Which of these are valid software configuration items (d)a. case toolsb. documentationc. executable programs and test datad. all of the above45、Which of the following tasks is not part of software configuration management (c)a. change controlb. reporting—c. statistical quality controld. version control46、Use-cases are scenarios that describe (a)a. how software is to be used in a given situation.b. how CASE tools will be used to construct the system.c. the build plan for a software product.d. the test cases for a software product.47、Information flow represents the manner in which data and control (b),a. are related to one another.b. changes each moves through the system.c. will be implemented in the final design.d. none of the above.48、In the context of requirements analysis, two types of problem partitioning are (b)a. bottom-up and top-downb. horizontal and verticalc. subordinate and superordinate:d. none of the above49、Which of the following is not an objective for building an analysis model (c)a. define set of software requirementsb. describe customer requirementsc. develop an abbreviated简短的solution for the problemd. establish basis for software design50、Which of the following is not an area of concern in the design model (d)a. architecture*b. datac. interfacesd. project scope51、The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word (d)a. accuracyb. complexityc. efficiencyd. quality；52、What types of abstraction are used in software design (d)a. controlb. datac. procedurald. all of the above53、Which of these model types does not represent a software architecture (a)a. datab. dynamic\c. processd. structural54、Which of the following is not part of software architecture (a)a. algorithm detailsb. databasesc. data designd. program structure55、An architectural style encompasses which of the following elements (d)）a. constraintsb. set of componentsc. semantic modelsd. all of the above56、The criteria used to assess the quality of an architectural design should be based on system(b)a. accessibility and reliabilityb. data and controlc. functionality】d. implementation details57、In transaction mapping the first level factoring results in the (b)a. creation of a CFDb. derivation of the control hierarchyc. distribution of worker modulesd. refinement of the module view58、A necessary supplement to transform or transaction mapping needed to create a complete architectural design is (c)a. entity relationship diagrams'b. the data dictionaryc. processing narratives for each moduled. test cases for each module59、Which of the following interface design principles reduce the user's memory load (d)a. define intuitive shortcutsb. disclose information in a progressive fashionc. establish meaningful defaultsd. all of the above—60、Interface consistency implies that (d)a. input mechanisms remain the same throughout the applicationb. each application should have its own distinctive look and feelc. navigational methods are context sensitived. answers a and b61、Which of these are objectives for software testing (d)a. determine the productivity of programmersb. eliminate the need for future program maintenance'c. eliminate every error prior to released. uncover software errors62、Black-box testing attempts to find errors in which of the following categories (d)a. incorrect or missing functionsb. interface errorsc. performance errorsd. all of the above63、What is the normal order of activities in which software testing is organized (c)【a. unit, integration, system, validationb. system, integration, unit, validationc. unit, integration, validation, systemd. none of the above64、The first step in any OOA process model are to (c)a. build an object-relationship modelb. define collaborations between objectsc. elicit customer requirements,d. select a representation language65、UML (unified modeling language) analysis modeling focuses on the (d)a. behavioral model and environment modelb. behavioral model and implementation modelc. user model and environmental modeld. user model and structural model：1. Modern software applications are so complex that it is hard to develop mutually exclusive category names.(a)a. Trueb. False2. Software developers succeed more often than they fail, but software failures receive more press coverage.(a)a. Trueb. False3. Adding more people to a project that is already behind schedule is a good way to catch up. (b) ]a. Trueb. False4. Modern CASE tools are more important than the newest hardware for achieving good softwarequality and productivity.(a)a. Trueb. False5. Change cannot be easily accommodated in most software systems, unless a system was designed with change in mind.(a)a. Trueb. False:6. A general statement of objectives is all that is needed to begin developing a piece of software.(b)a. Trueb. False7. The formal technical review is an inadequate substitute for testing regardless of nature of the software defect.(b)a. Trueb. False8. Software engineering encompasses a process,methods for managing and engineering software,and tools.(a)a. Trueb. False9、The goals of review is to find errors.(b)a. Trueb. False10、The goals of testing is to find defects.(b)a. Trueb. False1、What is a software processAnswer:It is a framework for the activities, action, and tasks that are required to build high-quality software.2、What are the elements of a software process frameworkAnswer:Framework activities includes work tasks,work products,milestones & deliverables,QA checkpoints and Umbrella Activities.3、What are the five generic process framework activitiesAnswer:Communication: with customers, stakeholders, teamPlanning: for the workflow that is to followModeling: to advance the understanding of requirements,includes Analysis of requirements and DesignConstruction:combines code generation and testingDeployment: delivery to the customer for evaluation4、What are the elements of a design modelAnswer:Data/class design,architectural design,interface design and component-level design5、What are the five Quality AttributesAnswer:FunctionalityUsabilityReliabilityPerformanceSupportability6、What are the elements of Software Quality AssuranceAnswer:Standards,reviews and audits,testing,error/defect collection and analysis,change management,education,vendor management,security management,safety,risk management7、List 3 principles for scheduling software projects.Answer:Compartmentalization, interdependency, time allocation, effort validation, defined responsibilities, defined outcomes, defined milestones8、What is a formal technical reviewAnswer:The purpose of an FTR is to have a group of software engineers examine a discrete work product and determine whether or not the product is free of defects using the software specifications and standards as the review criteria.9、What are the five phases of software requirements analysisAnswer:Problem recognitionEvaluation and synthesisModelingSpecificationReview10、Describe the object-oriented software domain analysis process.Answer:Software domain analysis is the identification, analysis, and specification of common, reusable capabilities within a specific application domain in terms of common objects, classes, subassemblies, and frameworks.。