新标准大学英语第四册第1课
新标准大学英语四综合教程Unit1-6课文及翻译
If you ask me1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracke d up to be. Twelve yearsat school and threeyearsat univer sity, teache rs bangin g on aboutopport uniti es in the big wide worldbeyond our shelte red life as studen ts, and what do I find?2 Try as I mightto stay cheerf ul, all I ever get is hassle, someti mes with people (especi allyboys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expens ive out here! Everyo ne wantsa sliceoff you. The Inland Revenu e wantsto deduct income tax, the bank manage r wantsrepaym entson my studen t loan, the landlo rd wantsthe rent, gas, water, electr icity and my mobile billskeep coming in, and all that's before I've had anythi ng to eat. And then some bright sparkcallsme out of the blue, asking if I'm intere stedin buying a pensio n. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alonetill I'm 60.3 I didn't really want to go out to work just yet. I mean, I wasn't a dropou t and I knew I'd have to some day. Accord ing to any number of people "life's not a picnic", "there's no such thingas a free lunch". But giventhat I'd got a good degree, I though t I'd like to go on to get my master's. Actual ly, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Econom ics (LSE) . Top school, very good for my CV. But I talked to my mum aboutit, and she said she couldn't afford to suppor t me any more. I kind of unders tandit, and not just becaus e my degree is in econom ics. She'd worked hard for 15 yearsto give me an educat ion. My dad wasn't around most of the time, and when he was, he didn't have any money. He'd spentit gambli ng on the dogs or down the pub. So it came to the pointwhenI just agreed with Mum, and bowedmyself toward s the inevit able.4 If you ask me, and despit e everyt hingyou hear, fortun ately thereare some really nice people out there. Take Mike, for exampl e. When I left univer sity, what I though t was that my mum wouldfeel oblige d to look afterme if I return ed home. So I packed up my belong ingsand went to London to get a job. I wanted someth ing in financ e and invest ments, becaus e you know, maybewith a job like that, I coulduse my degree. But by that time, therewere no jobs left, and I didn't really want to end up in some boring office, doingphotoc opies and making the tea.5 Go anywhe re you like in London and there's usuall y a good pub. The day I realiz ed no one in the city was goingto offerme a job, I went into The Salisb ury on Leaden hallStreet for a drinkand someth ing to eat. Mike the landlo rd was at the bar, pourin g pintswith one hand, making sandwi cheswith the other, and washin g the glasse s all at the same time—it's true, he really did seem to have threehands. He also seemed to know everyo ne, and greete d the regula rs by name, gettin g theirdrinks readywith the questi on, "The usualtoday, is it?" I though t he looked kind of cool, he was doingwhat he did best, servin g thirst y client s, and no one did it better. So I went up to him and askedhim whethe r therewas a job for me.6 Well, to cut a long storyshort, I starte d work in the pub one Friday lunchtime. It was quitedemand ing work, but I likedit. People seemed to find me amusin g and it made me feel better too. Therewas one middle-aged regula r in a suit who always had a half of bitter and a ham and pickle sandwi ch, with the crusts cut off. When I saw Tony coming, I triedto have his lunchreadyfor him even before he asked. He was anothe r one of thosereally nice people.7 If you ask me, spendi ng moneywhen you don't have any is dead easy. I beganto thinkabouthow I'd spendmy firstmonth's wages. The flat whereI was stayin g was expens ive, and I just abouthad enough to coverthe firstmonth's substa ntial bills. But I calcul atedthat there'd be just enough moneyover to treatmyself to someth ing. Why not get a CD or maybea plantto cheerup the flat? I though t.8 It was my birthd ay on pay day. Apartfrom Mike and Tony, I didn't have any friend s in London. Seeing that I didn't have a boyfri end either, you can unders tandwhy I beganto feel sorryfor myself. So I ordere d myself some flower s, and askedthem to be sent with a little card, saying "With all my love Anon." The highli ght of my birthd ay wouldbe the confus ed look on the floris t's eyes when he delive red them.9 Laterthat week, Tony came in as usualand sat down at the bar. "What's wrongwith you? Where's that smilegone today?" I talked to him about... well, aboutpretty well everyt hing, money, the master's, my birthd ay, the lot. He sympat hized with me.10 Tony got up from his stool, and went over to talk to some of the others. Rememb er: The Salisb ury is rightin the heartof the city, so all the custom ers were in bankin g or insura nce or the stockmarket. Next day he turned up with cheque s to the valueof £20,000. "This is a loan for you to set up your busine ss. The only collat eralyou have is my trustin you that one day, you'll pay us back—if you can. And if you can't, too bad, that's the financ e busine ss for you. But I thinkyou will."11 I didn't say anythi ng for fear that I was goingto cry. What were the odds on anyone beingso nice?12 And the flower s? I redire ctedthem to my mum, and they arrive d for her on my birthd ay. She deserv ed them, don't you think?13 If you ask me, lookin g back afterall theseyears, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succee d. The fact that the rest is hard work doesn't matter, it's stillworthit.14 Aftera year workin g at The Salisb ury, I got a placeat the LSE, did my master's and founda job in an invest mentbank. I invest ed the £20,000, and sold out before the 2008 crash. I paid back Tony and the otherinvest ors, with ten per cent annual intere st, and set up my own firm. It exceed ed all my expect ation s and is stilla thrivi ng busine ss.15 Tony wroteme a thank-you note. He'd been in a car accide nt, and couldn't walk. The moneyI paid back wouldallowhim to adapthis houseso he couldmove around it in his wheelc hair. This is what he wrote:16 "Thirty-five yearsin bankin g, and I've nevermade a better invest mentthan the loan to you. You've repaid the moneywith intere st, and my trustin you and your honest y 100-fold. If you ask me, invest ing in people givesthe best return you can ever hope for."17 If you ask me, he's right. What do you think?依我看依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。
新标准大学英语第四册第1课
12 paying for careerconsultations, train fares tointerviews or books are good things; being too pushy is not.But while parents should be wary of becoming too soft, Lindenfield advises them to tread踩sympathetically after a job setback for a few days or even weeks–depending on the scale of the knock.After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged推动firmlybackinto the saddle.
10. Gael Lindenfield, a psychotherapist and the author of the Emotional Healing Strategy, says that the Goodwin parents have struck exactly the right note.The transition from university to a job is tough for parents and children: Crucially they must balance being positive and understanding with not making lifheir offspring.
全新版大学英语（第二版）第四册unit1课后答案
全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）第四册unit1课后答案Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Para 1-2Both Napoleon’s and Hitler’s militarycampaigns failed because of theseverity of the Russian winter.Part Two Para 3-11Napoleon’s military campaignsagainst Russia.Part Thr ee Para 12-20Hitler’s military campaign againstthe Soviet UnionPart Fou r Para 21The elements of nature must bereckoned with in any militarycampaign.A Comparison--and—-Contrast Analysis of the Two Invasions：Invading country France Germany Country invaded Russia Soviet Union Starter of war Napoleon Hitler Starting time ofinvasionSpring, 18126/22/1941Strength of invading force 600,000The largest landcampaign in historyPrediction Quick victory,conquest of Russiain 5 weeksBlitzkrieg (light en ingwar), lasting nolonger than 3monthsInitial resistance strategy Refusing to standand fight: retreatingeastwards, burningcrops and homes“scorch the earth”fierce fight todefend major citiesCapture of the RussiancapitalMajor battlesSmolensk, Borodino,the Berezina River Leningrad, StalingradTruce offerBy Napoleon,rejected by the CzarNoBiggest enemy for the invading force Snow, freezing temperatureHeavy rain,“General Mud”,snow, freezingtemperatureTurning point October 1812 whenNapoleon ordered aretreat1943, when theSoviet troopspushed the Germanforces backFate of the invading force Only 100,000survivedHeavy losesWar-starter’s fate Napoleon abdicatedand went into exile,his empire at an endHitler committedsuicide, his empirecollapsing第11页2.Sections Paragraphs Main IdeasSection One Paras 12-13Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin's scorched earthSection Two Paras 14-18the battles fought at Leningrad,Moscow and Stalingrad Section Paras 19-20the Russian counter-offensiveThree and the outcome of the war Vocabulary第14页I. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations8) siege9)raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll12) In the case of第15页2.1) is faced with2) get/become bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on4) drag on5) get by6) dine out7) have cut back/down8) get through第16页3.1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt bythe delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock worker’sstrike.3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interestswill/should never get in the way of her career.4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreignminister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered theslide rule out of date / obsolete.第17页4.1) Being faced with an enemy force much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our base.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization.Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constantinternal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle,the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.第17页II. More Synonyms in Context1)During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took placein the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2)Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3)I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.第18页III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it.3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he wasat work1) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall / fell asleep.4) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.5) Little T om was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.第19页Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. invasion2.stand in the way3. Conquest4.catching... off his guard5. launching6.declaration7. campaign8.drag on9. reckon with10. bringing...to a halt2. 第19页1. allow2. reckoned3. highly4. forcasts5. rapidly6. instant7. delivery8. advantage9. observing10. powerful第20页II. Translation1).1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engagedin getting the autumn harvest in the farm.2). W e must mot underestimate the enemy. T hey areequipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3). H aving been out of job/Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4). Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.5) Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.2. The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. T o do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. By a stroke of luck, t hanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.。
新标准大学英语第四册unit1教案
Unit oneActive reading 1Teaching objectivesDifferent types of degrees ( bachelors, masters, doctors)Characteristics of Generation X and Generation Y/GruntHighlighting different aspects of a problemResumeWarming-up activity1.Read the passage in activity 1 and work in groups to discuss the topic.2.Based on your experience and knowledge, discuss the differences of a good job and a job. Useful expressions & language pointsgalvanize vt.Shock or affect someone enough to produce a strong and immediate reaction使振奋；刺激；使（某人）震惊或激动（并采取行动）. His speech yesterday galvanized many workers into action.他昨天的演讲激励不少工人行动起来了。
fraught adj.very worried and with a lot of problems 忧虑的；焦虑不安的. 1. After his speech, there was a fraught silence.他发言后，出现了一阵令人焦虑不安的沉默。
2. She sounded a bit fraught. 她听上去有点儿忧心忡忡。
clutch vt.hold sb. or sth. firmly 紧抓；紧握. 1. The mother clutched her baby in her arms.母亲紧紧地把婴儿抱在怀里。
新标准大学英语4 U1
Unit1Reading and interpreting8 Answer the questions.1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is asking this question? What mood does it express?The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addressed to parents (earlier it says “your graduate son”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that getting a job will take a long time.2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is ita fair description?This is the writer’s description to indicate that t his generation is rebelling against parents or society,but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students are trying to find work –it is just that they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebellious against their parents, but no more than that.3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggest about Jack’s character? It suggests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting and without trying to ask about jobs or careers.4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used?Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job.The quotation marks tell us that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home.5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?In one way her experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job (without going to university) and has been working full-time since then and yet she is sympathetic and takes a soft line.6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerial photographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates are good at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experience thus reflects – or perhaps has created – her point of view.7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of view of the students ratherthan the parents?The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit after their hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, then they can start a serious search for employment after that.9 Answer the questions.1 What is the focus of each section of the story?• The first part is the background before the story really begins. It focuses on the writer’s financialproblems after graduation and on her need to work since her family cannot support her.• The second part focuses on nice people who help the writer, mainly on Mike who gives her a job in a pub.• In the third part, the focus is on the writer’s sad feelings on her birthday and how she tells Tony her troubles. He talks to some friends and gets her a £20,000 loan to set up a business.• In the fourth part, the writer is looking back some years later. She has her masters degree and has a job in an investment bank and has used the loan to set up her own company. The focus is on the twist in the story, where the situation is reversed: Tony is disabled after an accident and needs the repayment of the loan toadapt his house for his disability.• The last two main sentences are also introduced by “If you ask me,” This is a coda (a finishing phrase or two) about investing in people.2 How does the time context change from one section to the next?The first section gives the background before the writer finds a job, in the past before the time of the story. The second section is in the past, showing how she ot a job. The third section, still in the past, shows the particular event of how she got a lucky break through Tony’s help. In the fourth section, the time is in the present, with the writer looking back after some years. She tells us what happened and her success after she had received Tony’s loan.3 How much time do you think has elapsed between the third and the final section?At least two years have passed because she worked in the pub for one year, then studied for her master’s for another year, and then repaid the loan. If you allow time for her investment to make enough money to repay the loan with interest and for the writer to have enough money left to set up a firm, then it could be several further years, say between five and ten yearsaltogether, but as she says “it is still a thriving business”, it is probably ten or fifteen years later or even more.4 How is the relationship between the writer and Tony reversed at the end of the story?When they first meet Tony is working successfully in banking, while the writer is in financial difficulty and in need of money. At the end of the story this situation is reversed: He is disabled and in need of money, while she has become financially successful. The successful one helps the other in both parts of the story.5 What is the message presented at the end of the story?The message is that Tony and the writer both say that investing in people gives the best return on an investment that you could hope for. This is their experience, but the writer asks for the readers’ opinion about this. The final question leaves an open answer and we may disagree if this is not our experience。
新标准大学英语综合教程4教师用书unit1课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4教师用书unit1课文翻译新标准大学英语综合教程4教师用书unit1课文翻译unit1Translation of the passagesActive reading (1)大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。
在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？七月，你看着21 岁英俊的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着优等学士学位证书，拍毕业照。
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、能参加奇特聚会的印象开始消退。
总算熬到头了。
等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。
他只是偶尔走开去发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，去酒吧喝酒。
这位前?千禧一代?的后裔一夜之间变成了哼哼一代的成员。
他能找到工作吗？这就是成千上万家庭所面临的景象：今年夏天，超过65 万大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。
父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者，他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。
来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。
他走进大学就业服务中心，又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。
跟他一起住的另外5 个男孩也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。
找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更清晰的计划。
他说：?我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒了。
他们给的年薪是1 万8 千镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐煮豆子，可他们还要有研究经历或硕士学位的人。
然后我又申请了公务员速升计划，并通过了笔试。
但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家治国国论者’。
我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。
?打那以后他整个夏天都在?躲?。
他能够轻松复述《交通警察》中的若干片段，他白天看电视的时间太多，已经到了影响健康的地步。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案unit1.doc
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案unit1.doc新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案unit1Unit1Active reading (1)3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1.proceed2.transition3.detached4.upcoming5.slump6.revert7.recount4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.(1)transition(2)slumped(3)proceed(4)recounting(5)detached(6)upcoming(7)revert5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an support er of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better co mpletely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.B A A AB7 Answer the questions about the phrases.B B A A A A A AActive reading (2)4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1.amusing2.fortunately3.l oan4.d educt5.highlight6.sympathize7.d emanding5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.(1) sympathize(2) fortunately(3) loan(4) demanding.(5) amusing(6) highlight(7) deducted6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.B B A A B B A A ALanguage in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view(a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been plannedbeautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)3 Rewrite the sentences using try as …might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying. Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just d oesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should getthe job.3 Since we’re all here, I th ink i t would be a good idea to get down to some work. Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since i t’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I thi nk we s hould leave this last task until tomorrow.5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too man y time s. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后翻译U1--U8
第四册Unit 1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60.依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
大学英语第四册-unit 1 课件
6
Reference to the Questions
c) However, the work-study balance is a difficult task to master. Most students don't have the money to attend school without working. They are forced to find a job that will help pay the bills. The real question is," When does work become detrimental to study?" For some it seems that many hours of work is fine, but for others it's too much to hack. Some sources suggest that students who work about twenty hours a week get the best grades. Those who work less often procrastinate or fail to focus on school assignments because they "think they have lots of time to finish". Students who work more than 20 hours tend to get too tired or don't have enough time to do good school work.
b)
Remember, the whole idea behind college is to advance to a higher level of education so one can get a better job. It might be wise to try and delay some materialistic desires, work less, and study more. Lots of studying and skill building increase the odds of your succeeding down the road.
unit1新标准大学英语综合教程4active1andlanguageinuse
unit1新标准大学英语综合教程4active1andlanguageinuseunit 1active 1Your answer Correct answer1. proceed proceed2. transition t ransition3. detached d etached4. upcoming upcoming5. slump slump6. revert revert7. recount recountYour answer Correct answer(1) transition transition(2) slumped slumped(3) proceed proceed(4) recounting recounting(5) detached detached(6) upcoming upcoming(7) revert revertI went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London.Your answer Correct answercomprehensive comprehensive2. I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence.Your answer Correct answercop cop3. Have you seen this beautiful view of Oxford from the air?Your answer Correct answeraerial aerial view of Oxford4. Isabel held her bag tightly as she walked down the corridor towards the office.Your answer Correct answerclutched clutched5. You should speak to Toby; he's a supporter of flexible working hours.Your answer Correct answeradvocate an advocate6. I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn't got better completely.Your answer Correct answerhealed healed1. A dead-end job is one with ________.(a)exciting prospects(b)no future2. A tricky problem is ________ to solve.(a)difficult(b easy)3. If an activity saps all your energy, you feel ________.(a)tired(b)more active than usual4. A pushy person tries to ________.(a)persuade you to do something you don't want to(b)help you by listening to what you have to say5. If you feel apathy, you want to ________.(a)change the world(b)stay at home and do nothing1. Fork out is ________ way of saying to pay for something.(a) a formal(b) an informal2. If you are in the same boat as another person, you are ________.(a) making the same journey together(b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation3. If you feel you have come full circle, you ________.(a) feel you are back where you started(b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something4. If someone takes a soft line, they deal with a person ________.(a) in a kind and sympathetic way(b) in a lazy way without making a decision5. If you strike the right note about something, you are expressing yourself ________.(a) well(b) badly6. If you do something by all means, you ________.(a) try your best to do it(b) not care about it7. If you nudge someone back into the saddle, you are encouraging them to ________.(a) take responsibility again(b) take it easy8. If you talk through a problem with someone, you ________.(a) examine it carefully and sensitively(b) refer to it quickly and then change the subjectLanguage in use1. a degree which is awarded a first classYour answer Suggested answera first-class degree a first-class degree2. work in a hospitalYour answer Suggested answerhospital work hospital work3. a ticket for a plane journeyYour answer Suggested answera plane ticket a plane ticket4. a discount for studentsYour answer Suggested answera student discount a student discount5. a pass which allows you to travel on busesYour answer Suggested answera bus pass a bus pass6. a room where an interview is heldYour answer Suggested answeran interview room an interview room7. a period spent in trainingYour answer Suggested answera training period a training period1. a career which is rewarding from the financial point of viewYour answer Suggested answera financially rewarding career a financially rewarding career2. legislation which has been introduced recentlyYour answer Suggested answerrecently introduced legislation recently introduced legislation3. instructions which are more complex than usualYour answer Suggested answerunusually complex instructions unusually complex instructions4. an institution which is orientated towards academicYour answer Suggested answeracademically orientated work an academically orientated institution 5. work which makes physical demands on youYour answer Suggested answerphysically demanding work physically demanding work6.information which has the potential to be importantpotentially important information potentially important information candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure7.carefully selected candidates carefully selected candidatesa coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully8.a beautifully planned textbook a beautifully planned coursebookSuggested answer:Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can't think of anything.Suggested answer:Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn't seem to respond.3. I try hard to get to sleep, but I can't help thinking about my family.Suggested answer:Try as I might to get to sleep, I can't help thinking about my family.4. He just doesn't seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Suggested answer:Keep trying as he might, he just doesn't seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Keep trying as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn't seem to get it.Suggested answer:Keep trying as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.1. Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Suggested answer:Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Suggested answer:Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3. Since we're all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Suggested answer:Given that we're all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4. Since it's rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Suggested answer:Given that it's rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Suggested answer:I'm more experienced at giving advice than is she.Suggested answer:You eat too more chocolate than is good for you.Suggested answer:She worked harder than do most part-timers.Suggested answer:You have arrived late too more times than is acceptable.5. I don't think you should have given so much personal information. It isn't wise.Suggested answer:I think you have given more personal information than is wise.。
新大学英语第四册电子教案unit 1
Initializing the Project
4 Watching a video
Watch a video clip on low-carbon life and complete the following activities.
Activity 1 Read the
questions below carefully. Then watch the video clip for the first time and answer the questions.
What conclusions can you draw from the table? ____________________________ __________________
Country
U.S. India Japan Russia China Germany Brazil Sweden Canada Britain
8. Do you purchase items made from recycled materials?
9. Do you look for the ENERGY STAR® logo when buying electronics such as TVs, CD players, DVD players, and computers?
UNIT 1
A Greener Future
Part Two
Part Two
Initializing the Project
Activity 3 Study the following picture and write a few questions about its
content. Then discuss the questions with your group members.
新概念英语第四册第1课Finding Fossil man
新概念英语第四册第1课:Finding Fossil manLesson 1 Finding fossil man发现化石人听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful?We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the word where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of stories to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。
大学英语第四册第一课讲稿
⼤学英语第四册第⼀课讲稿Unit 1 Love of ReadingI Teaching PlanObjectives:Students will be able to:1. grasp the main idea and structure of the text;2. learn a few useful writing techniques such as a mixture of long and short sentences, simpleand complex structures, various openers, as well the proper deployment of details;3. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related-to the unit. Time allotmentPre-reading tasks1.T asks Ss the following questions on the recording: (5 minutes)---How did the speaker develop a love for reading? (The speaker grew up in a book-loving family where she saw a lot of reading and was read to a lot.)---Why does the speaker think it more advantageous for her children to learn from books than to learn from one teacher? (In books children may find there are many different opinions about a subject, while a teacher may only offer the opinion of his/her own. By reading books children can learn to think for themselves and form their own judgment.)2.Free writing: My First Favorite Book (20 minutes)1)Ss spend five minutes writing about their first favorite book in whatever way they like;2)Ss exchange what they have written with at least three other Ss;3)T asks some Ss about the favorite book of a fellow student.4)T may move on the Text A by saying: Books in our early years may exert great influence onour later life, as discovered by Eudora Welty, author of Text A.While-reading tasks1.T explores the title “One Writer’s Beginnings” with the class. T may ask Ss to think aboutwhy the author chose the title instead of “My Beginnings”or “This Writer’s Beginnings.”(The mention of the word “writer”can help to establish Welty’s professional identity. The choice of “one” rather than “this” is more a matter of style than substance, it simply looks/ sounds better.) (5 minutes)2.T explains to Ss the three-part structure of the text and dictates to them the key to Text AAnalysis Exercise 1. (10 minutes)3.T explains the language points in Part I and has Ss practice them. ( see Language Study) (15minutes)4.T explains the language points in Part II and has Ss practice them. (see Language Study) (45minutes)5.In part Ii, as a child, Eudora Welty divided the books in her family into four categories. T hasSs scan this part again and find out what they are. (books for the whole family, Father’s books, Mother’s books, “my” own books) (10 minutes)6.T explains the language points in Part III and has Ss practice them. (see Language Study) (10minutes)Post-reading tasks1.Learning about writing strategy (20 minutes)1)T guides Ss through Reading Strategy. Then, Ss go through Paras 1 and 6 to see howEudora Welty mixed long and short sentences, simple and complex structures, and various openers.2)Ss discuss Text Analysis Exercises 3 and 4 in pairs, and later some pairs report to class.2.T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (35 minutes)3.T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B) (3 minutes)4.Ss do Part IV: Theme-related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)5.T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)1)do the pre-reading task;2)preview Text A.II. Cultural Notes1.Charles Dickens (1812---1870): an English writer of novels who combined great writing withthe ability to write popular stories full of interesting characters. His many books are mostly about life in Victorian England and often describe the harsh conditions in which poor people live. His early novels, which include Pickwick Papers and Oliver Twist, were written in parts for magazines. His later books include David Copperfield, A Tale of Two Cities and Great Expectations.2.Mark Twain(1835---1910): the leading US humorous writer of the 19th century. His realname was Samuel Langhorne Clemens. He is best known for the novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), but he also wrote travel books and essays, many of them based on his experiences of life on the Mississippi River. His other books include the historical novels The Prince and the Pauper (1882) and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), and Life on the Mississippi (1889), an account of his early life.III Language Study1.tick: make light, regularly repeated sounds; put a small mark against (names, figures, etc.) toshow that sth. is correct.Example: While we waited the taxi’s meter kept ticking away.There was no sound except the clock ticking.All his answers had been ticked.N.Examples: The ticks seem to be coming from that bag over there.Put a tick in a box if you agree with this statement.2.rhythm: regular successions of weak and strong stresses, accents, sounds of movements (inspeech, music, dancing, etc.)Examples: You need a sense of rhythm to be a good dancer.Children are asked to dance to the rhythm of the drums.In rhythmExample: The young mother was rocking the cradle in rhythm.3.give sb. no peace: keep disturbing sb.Examples: The recent spread of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) gave local people no peace. The naughty boy gave his parents no peace as he always made trouble.4.churn: beat and shake (cream) in a tub; make (butter) in this wayExamples: The village woman churned the milk until it turned into butter.Milk is churned to make butter when it is stirred forcefully and repeatedly.5.sob: draw in breath sharply and irregularly from sorrow or pain, esp. while crying; make asound like that of sobbing.Examples: I found her sobbing in the bedroom because she’d broken her favorite doll.You’re not going to help matters by lying there sobbing!She began to sob again, burying her face in the pillow.n. act or sound of sobbingExamples: I could hear her sobs from the next room.Her body shook with sobs.6.ambition: strong desire (to be or do sth); object of such a desireExamples: He has already achieved his main ambition in life---to become an astronaut.She doubts whether she’ll ever be able to fulfill her ambition.I’ve always had a burning(=very great) ambition to be a film director.The big house on the hill is my ambition.7.expressive: (esp. of words or a face) full of feeling and meaning (followed by of)Examples: Charlie Chaplin, the well-known comedian, had an expressive face.The final movement of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony is expressive of joy.8.illiterate: unable to read or write; with little or no educationExamples: It is reported that a surprising percentage of the population in the town are illiterate.While primary school enrollment for girls now roughly equals that of boys, womenconstitute about two-thirds of the world’s one billion illiterate adults.9.salary: payment for regular employmentExamples: His aim is to find a job with an annual salary of $20,000.His net monthly salary is $1,500.She’s on quite a good/decent salary in her present job.He took a drop in(=accepted a lower) salary when he changed jobs.Cf. wage: a fixed amount of money that is paid, usually every week, to an employee, especially one who does work that needs physical skills or strength, rather than a job needing a college education.Examples: a very low/high wageAn hourly /daily/weekly wageHe gets/earns/is paid a good wage, because he works for a good employer.10.all the while: all the timeExamples: I was thinking you were hard at work and you were upstairs in bed all the while!That letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the while.11.sink into: indulge in, be absorbed intoExamples: As the months went by, he sank into a deep depression.She was furious with her boss and sank into fantasies of revenge.12.elope: (of a woman) run away from home with a lover, usually to et marriedExamples: As her parents didn’t allow her to get married, she decided to elope with her lover.It turned out that she eloped with her tutor.13.stay on: remain after the usual or expected time for leavingExamples: Susie flew back on the Monday but I stayed on for a couple of days.They stayed on after India became independent.14.beloved: dearly loved (followed by of/by)Examples: The rose is the most romantic of flowers, beloved of poets, singers, and artists.They lost their beloved nurse who sacrificed herself in fighting against SARS. 15.discourse: conversation; speech, lecture; treatiseExamples: The professor is preparing a discourse on recent developments in American speech.We rarely entered into discourse about anything more interesting than the weather.16.allot: make a distribution ofExamples: They allotted everyone a separate desk.They allotted a separate desk to everyone.They ministry of culture will be allotted about $6 million less this year.Three hours have been allotted to /for this task.The museum is planning to increase the amount of space allotted to modern art. 17.respectively: separately or in turn, and in the order mentionedExamples: In the 200 meters, Lily and Sarah came first and third respectively (=Lily won the race and Sarah was third). Their sons, Henry and Ben, were three and six respectively.18.moral: that which a story, event or experience teaches (followed by of/to); standards ofbehavior, principles of right and wrong (used in plural)Examples: The moral of/to the story is that honesty is always the best policy.Parents should be responsible for a child’s morals.It is certainly not true that all young people have no morals.Adj. concerning principles of right and wrong; good and virtuousExamples: It’s her moral obligation to tell the police what she knows.Is it true that today’s young people have lower moral standards than we had?19.engrave: cut or carve (lines, words, designs, etc.) on a hard surface; impress deeply(on the memory or mind)Examples: The jeweler skillfully engraved the initials on the ring.The bracelet was engraved with his name and date of birth.The look of hatred on his face is engraved on my memory for ever.20.illustration: pictures, diagrams, etc that are used to explain or reveal; using examples, data, quotes, etc to explain or show a point (followed by of)Examples: There are lots of colorful illustrations in each chapter.This delay is a perfect illustration of why we need a new computer system.An illustration of China’s dynamism is that a new company is formed in Shanghaievery 11 seconds.21.legend: old story handed down from the past, esp. one of doubtful truth; famous person Examples: Have you read the legend of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table? She was a legend in her own lifetime.22.flank: place at the side of or on either side ofExamples: The altar was flanked by two Christmas trees.We could se him taking a walk in the prison grounds sometimes, flanked by twoguards.N.Examples: She patted the horse’s flank affectionately.They decided to attack the enemy’s exposed right flank.23.go through fire and water: face great hardship and dangerExamples: Doctors and nurses went through fire and water to save SARS patients.The police went through fire and water to secure the local people.24.not hold a candle to: not nearly so good as, not to be compared toExamples: No one can hold a candle to her for fine artistic work.The pop music of today can’t hold a candle to the great songs of the 60s and 70s .25.in gratitude to : be thankful toExamples: The patient was in gratitude to his doctors’ good service.I was in gratitude to his help.26. initiate: give (sb.) elementary instruction (used in the pattern: initiate sb. into); set(sth.)workingExamples: The teacher initiated his students into the study of the traffic problem of the city.The government has recently initiated a massive new house-building program. 27. by way of: via, through Examples: He contacted me by way of email.Why don’t you travel to London by way of Paris?28. inward: deep in mind or soul; situated within, innerExamples: He never revealed his inward feelings.His latest CD gives us a thoughtful and inward interpretation of the music.The inward organs of the human body29. reside: live; be presentExamples: All full time students must reside in university halls of residence.The power to sack employees resides in the Board of Directors.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4教师用书Unit1
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaBackground informationAbout the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published inSeptember 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and inBritain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to universityand therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job becameharder in 2008–2009 because the economic downturn – then a recession – meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobsand then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. Thearticle addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parentsto be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if theyneed help). The article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but alsoof a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice to parents).Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% ofyoung adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitive situation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meantthat there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be activeto seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won’t findemployment by lying on the sofa at home.Culture pointshonours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awardedin different categories: a first class degree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into two subcategories, written as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) anda pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with more general courses of study without these categories.Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations orcohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal namesto characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the great increase (the boom) of birt hs after WorldWar II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring newattitudes of being independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to get skills and have a career before them. “GenerationY” or the “Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by doting parents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. Inthe passage, this generation is now becoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic namereferring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work – this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have to take very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something moresuitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig;when people “grunt” they express disgust but do not communi cate with words – this may be how the parentsof new graduates think their children communicate with them!A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before thatthere were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who didnot pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students ina social philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those studentswho went to a comprehensive school probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backsideoff) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic –comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university.Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makes the person look like agiant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a job advertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he hadto walk around the streets like a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant.Language points1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to theodd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1)The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university fees and living expenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgottenbecause the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’thave a job and doesn’t seem to be actively seeking one.2 This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’ generation who worked hard, got jobs, and hadgood careers and expected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt – hedoesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routingjob).3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being ‘too detached’ and talking inlanguage that was ‘too technocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5)He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but he was criticized in the selection interviews:They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the language of atechnical expert or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wanted to show his expertise in hislanguage so he can’t understand this criticism.4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6)The others who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf) chill outall day (they spend their time casually relaxing –they don’t look for work) and go to pub for a drink in theevening.5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my bac kside off to go to a good university …(Para 6)He went to a school for students of all abilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of yourbody that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed.6 … but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky toadvise him on how to proceed. (Para 7)The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she doesnot have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do).7 Carry on life as normal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank accoun t or sap your reserve ofemotional energy. (Para 11)The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents’ money unnecessarily, nor let the problem take away all their energy an demotions. Sap their reserve means use up their store of emotional energy.8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12)Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives. Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.Teaching tipsGo over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (See below).1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet?(a) He doesn’t have a very good degree.(No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. )(b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries.(He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.)(c) It isn’t easy to get a job in the current fi nancial climate.(This may be true but the passage does not mention this.)(d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family.(No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV and talks to friends.)2 How does he spend a typical day?(a) Doing a temporary job.(No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.)(b) Watching television.(He watches TV a lot.)(c) Queuing up in the university careers service.(No, he went there once but he didn’t want to queue s o he walked away.)(d) Preparing for the next job interview.(No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.)3 How do most of his friends spend the day?(a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening.(All except one of them do nothing except chill, then they go to the pub.)(b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing.(No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.)(c) They are forced to work by their parents.(No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be like Jack.)(d) They do part-time jobs such as working in a bar.(No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.)4 How are Jack’s parents helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him.(No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for a job.)(b) By paying for a trip to South America.(No, although he is going on a three-week trip to South America, the passage does not say that Jack’s parents have paid for this.)(c) By gradually making him more financially aware.(The passage does not say so explicitly, but this is the implication about the cut-off point after thetrip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.)(d) By threatening to throw him out of the house.(No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitely want him to work after he gets back from his trip.)5 What does Gael Lindenfield say about Jack’s parents?(a) They ha ve not really understood Jack’s problems.(No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life too comfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s problems.)(b) They have made life too comfortable for Jack.(No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they have already made life too comfortable for Jack.)(c) The approach they have chosen is the right one.(She says they have struck exactly the right note.)(d) They need help from a psychologist.(No, she doesn’t say this.)6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt have in common?(a) They all did bar work before going to university.(No, we don’t know from the passage if any of them did this.)(b) They took part in protests against nuclear power plants.(No, we don’t know is any of them did this)(c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens.(No, only Brad Pitt did this.)(d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage in their lives.(This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.)Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got be tter completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you bylistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Reading and interpreting8 Answer the questions.1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is asking this question? What mood does it express?The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addressed to parents (earlier it sa ys “your graduate son”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that gettinga job will take a long time.2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is it a fair description?This is the writer’s d escription to indicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society,but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students are trying to find work –it is just that they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebellious against their parents, but no more than that.3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggest about Jack’s character?It suggests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting and without trying to ask about jobs or careers.4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used?Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job. The quotation marks tell us that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home.5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?In one way her experience hasn’t affected he r attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job (without going to university) and has been working full-time since then and yet she is sympathetic and takes a soft line.6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerial photographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates are good at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experience thus reflects – or perhaps has created – her point of view.7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of view of the students rather than the parents?The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit after their hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, then they can start a serious search for employment after that.Active reading (2)If you ask meBackground informationThis is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and then has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a L ondon pub called “The Salisbury”or “The Marquis Salisbury”, named after someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between 1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned the pub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street, just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and evening customers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). The interior of this pub is dazzling, with large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor.British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (The Queen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King Edward III, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often include colours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols of traditional trades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers). As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoes or darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expression is to “go down the pub” or “go round to the local” (bot h meaning to go to the local pub).Culture pointspub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People can play games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for thewinners, and live music (See also Background information)The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information)London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences. Language points1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1)In my opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is. If athing is cracked up to be, people normally praise it but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong.2 … spending money when you don’t have any is dead easy. (Para 7)Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss or useless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift).3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11)What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindness is very unusual.4 … looking back after all these years, you only need one or two break s in your life to succeed.(Para 13)A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What did the writer want to do after finishing her degree?(a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics.(b) To earn some money to pay off her loan.(c) To start working as soon as possible.(d) To return home and help her mother.2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury?(a) She was hungry and thirsty.(b) She thought it would lead to better things.(c) She was a friend of the landlord.(d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working.3 What did she buy with her first salary?(a) A bunch of flowers.(b) A CD and a plant for the flat she lived in.(c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer.(d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills.4 Why did Tony give her £20,000?(a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help.(b) He trusted her and thought it would help her.(c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him.(d) He was secretly in love with her.5 What did she do with the money?(a) She used it to pay for her course at the LSE.(b) She lost a lot of it in the 2008 stock market crash.(c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors.(d) She used it to start her own business.6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan?(a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair.(b) It meant that he would be able to see her again.(c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her.(d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest.3 Work in pairs and answer the questions.What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background?Her mother had worked hard for 15 years to support her education but couldn’t afford any further support. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any money because he spent it on gambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs.2 career as a student?She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School of Economics.3 ambition?She wanted to get a job in finance or investments in London because then she would be able to use her degree.4 appreciation of other people?She appreciated Mike’s friendliness with customers and his s kill, and she appreciated Tony as a nice person; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends5 love life?We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they are immature.6 financial expertise?It must be quite good: She invested the £20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back with interest and set up her own company.7 sense of responsibility?She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid back the money to the investors and paid theman annual interest for the loan.8 philosophy of life?She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you should know how to use the breaks. You should be honest and responsible with people who trust you.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.Teaching tipsWhen Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practice reading the dialogue, trying to make their reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair to perform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10 for fluency and naturalness.A After three years at univers ity, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers mostoften?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly tothem?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the placehappier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the bigwide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression(banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing som ething is general, vague ornot definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I coulduse my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).9 Answer the questions.1 What is the focus of each section of the story?• The first part is the background before the story really begins. It focuses on the writer’s financialproblems after graduation and on her need to work since her family cannot support her.• The second part focuses on nice people who help the writer, mainly on Mike who gives her a job in apub.• In the third part, the focus is on the writer’s sad feelings on her birthday and how she tells Tony hertroubles. He talks to some friends and gets her a £20,000 loan to set up a business.• In the fourth part, the writer is looking back some years later. She has her masters degree and has a jobin an investment bank and has used the loan to set up her own company. The focus is on the twist inthe story, where the situation is reversed: Tony is disabled after an accident and needs the repaymentof the loan to adapt his house for his disability.• The last two main sentences are also introduced by “If you ask me,” This is a coda (a finishing phraseor two) about investing in people.2 How does the time context change from one section to the next?The first section gives the background before the writer finds a job, in the past before the time of thestory. The second section is in the past, showing how she ot a job. The third section, still in the past,shows the particular event of how she got a lucky break through Tony’s help. In the fourth section, thetime is in the present, with the writer looking back after some years. She tells us what happened and her。
新标准大学英语综合教程4第二版unit1-6课文翻译及课后翻译.pptx
士很多都有在超市上货的经历。”
16你的儿女可能不会干好莱坞影星们干过的活，比如像乌比·戈德堡那样去停
尸房给死人化妆，或者像布鲁斯·威利斯那样在核电站当警卫，但即便是布拉
德·皮特也曾经不得不穿上宽大的小鸡模样的服装站在快餐连锁店 El Pollo
Loco 的门口招揽生意。他们中没有一个人因为这些经历而变得更加穷困。
学海无涯
不到工作，那就圣诞节打零工好了。” 10心理治疗师盖尔·林登费尔德是《情感康复策略》的作者。她说古德温夫妇
的做法是很恰当的。从大学到工作的转换对父母和孩子来说都很艰难，关键是父
母要在支持理解孩子和不溺爱孩子之间找到一个平衡点。
11“父母的主要任务就是支持孩子，如果他们教导孩子该如何做，那么就会引
起矛盾。但如果有熟人，一定要找他们想办法，”她说。“很多父母心太软了。
必须限制孩子的零花钱，要求他们交房租， 或分担日常生活或养宠物的开销。
父母要维持正常的生活，不要让孩子随便用你们的银行账户或者榨干你们的情感
能量。”
12为孩子支付职业咨询费、面试交通费或书费是好事，但不能催得太紧。林登
费尔德建议：虽说父母不能太宽容，但是如果孩子找工作遇到了挫折，父母应该
3我那时还不想出去工作。我的意思是，我并不是个逃避现实社会的人，但我 知
道自己未来某一天可能不得不逃避现实。许多人认为“生活不是野餐”，“没有
免费的午餐”。但既然我拿到了优等生文凭，我想我应该继续攻读硕士学位。实
际上，我已经看中了伦敦政治经济学院的课程。这是一所顶尖的学校，能给我的
履历表增添一段光彩的经历。但当我跟妈妈谈起这件事时，她说她没法继续供我
Passage 2
依我看
1依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。我们上了 12 年的中小学，又 上
大学英语第四册课件Unit-1-Fighting-with-the-Forces-of-Nature
• Hitler’s advisers tried to persuade him to avoid the risks of a winter campaign in the Soviet Union and wait until spring.
8
Decisive
• Producing a definite result or conclusion: having or showing the ability to decide quickly
• Most of the decisive land campaigns of World War I occurred on the continent of Europe.
used to. Fierce competition keeps getting in the way of their development. • Many teachers complain that they can’t make any improvement in teaching methods as the existing exam system is in the way. • The other phrases of way
• The president is campaigning for reelection.
• The students campaigned for educational reform.
• The black people campaigned against racial discrimination.
新标准大学英语第四册第1课
8.Althoughshe is taking a soft line with her son at the moment, she is clear that after an upcoming three-week trip to south America, his holiday from work will have to end.He may even have to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.
3.Thisis the scenario情节facing thousands of families.More than 650,000 students left university this summer and most in these financially testing times have no idea what to do next.Parents revert to回复nagging; sons and daughters become rebels without a cause, aware that they need to get a job, but not sure how.
新标准大学英语四UNIT1省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖PPT课件
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4 Jack Goodwin, from Middlesex, graduated with a 2:1 in politics from Nottingham this summer. He walked into the university careers service and straight back out again; there was a big queue. He lived with five other boys all of whom did the same.
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7 Jacqueline Goodwin, his mother, defends him. She insists that he has tried to get a job, but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky to advise him on how to proceed. "I have always had to work," she says. "It's difficult because when you have a degree, it opens new doors for you, or you'd like to think that it does."
cutoff point. When he comes back there'll be Christmas
work if nothing else."
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7. Jacqds him.She insists that he has tried to get a job, but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky to advise him on how to proceed.“Ihave always had to work,”she says.“It’sdifficult because when you have a degree, it opens new doors for you, or you’d like to think that it does.”
Looking for a job after university?
First, get off the sofa
More than 650,000 students left university this summer and many have no idea about the way to get a job.How tough should a parent be to galvanize通电，刺激them in these financially fraught担心的，忧虑的times?
1InJuly, you looked on as your handsome 21-year-old son, dressed in gown and mortarboard,proudlyclutched hishonorsdegree for his graduation photo.Those memories of forking out不情愿掏出thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to the oddpartybegan to fade.Until now.
3.Thisis the scenario情节facing thousands of families.More than 650,000 students left university this summer and most in these financially testing times have no idea what to do next.Parents revert to回复nagging; sons and daughters become rebels without a cause, aware that they need to get a job, but not sure how.
12 paying for careerconsultations, train fares to interviews or books are good things; being too pushy is not.But while parents should be wary of becoming too soft, Lindenfield advises them to tread踩sympathetically after a job setback for a few days or even weeks–depending on the scale of the knock.After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged推动firmlybackinto the saddle.
10. Gael Lindenfield, a psychotherapist and the author of the Emotional Healing Strategy, says that the Goodwin parents have struck exactly the right note.The transition from university to a job is tough for parents and children: Crucially they must balance being positive and understanding with not making life too comfortable for their offspring.
11“the main job for the parents is to be there because if theystart advising them what to do, that is when the conflict starts.If you have contacts, by all means use those,”she said.“
13 boys are more likely to get stuck at home. Lingenfield believes that men are often better at helping their sons, nephews, or friends’sons than aremothersand sisters.Men have a different way of handling setbacks than women, she says, so they need the malepresenceto talk it through.
6.Sincethen he has spent the summer“hiding”.He can recount several episodes ofTraffic Copsand has seen more daytime television than is healthy.He talks to his friends about his aimless days and finds that most are in the same boat.One has been forced out to stackshelvesbyhis parents.For the rest it is 9-to-5“chilling”before heading to the pub.So how about working behind the bar, to pay for those drinks? “Idon’t want to do bar work.Iwent to a comprehensive andIworkedmy backside off to go to a gooduniversity, whereIworked really hard to get a gooddegree,”he says.“NowI’m back at the same stage as those friends who didn’t go to uni at all, who are pulling pints and doing dead-end jobs.Ifeel thatI’ve come full circle.”
But a lot of parents get too soft.Put limits on how much money you give them, ask them to pay rent or contribute to the care of the house or the pets.Carry on life asnormaland don’t allow them to abuse your bank account or sap your reserves of emotional energy.”
4.JackGoodwin, from Middlesex, graduated with a 2:1 inpolitics fromNottinghamthis summer.He walked into the university careers service and straight back out again; there was a big queue.He lived with five other boys all of whom did the same.There was no pressure to find a job, even though most of the girls he knew had a clearer plan.
8.Althoughshe is taking a soft line with her son at the moment, she is clear that after an upcoming three-week trip to south America, his holiday from work will have to end.He may even have to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.