上海高三冲刺阅读理解训练3-含答案

高三英语春季假班（教师版）词汇复习proper v. 出口inevitable v. 判断n. 裁判intend n. 投资instinct n.意图keen a. 嫉妒的infect v. 给…留下印象infectious v. 调查inaccessible a. 不断增长的improve a. 看不见的influence v. 坚持；认为incident n. 智力inferior n. 收入；所得imaginative v. 包含；涉及interrupt n. 不便illegal v. 模仿isolate n. 暗示inquire 从…判断inhabitant 通知、告知某人insult 例如to one’s great joy 热衷于Translation1. 大多数人不愿意介入这种毫无意义的争论。

(involve)2. 来自农村的学生不必感到比大城市的学生低一等。

(inferior)3. 从你的成绩单可以看出，所有老师都对你相当满意。

(judge)4. 那个姑娘又活泼有幽默，给面试官留下了深刻印象。

(impress)5. 家庭环境对孩子的性格产生很大影响。

(influence)6. 这本字典是给小孩用的，不适合你。

(intend)7. 勤洗手可避免疾病传染。

(infect)8. 他热衷于读书是因为读书能给他带来知识与快乐。

(keen)9. 他住在一个小岛上，过着与现代隔绝的日子。

(isolate)10. 他不顾个人安危，执意守在岗位上。

(insist)难度：☆☆☆【Keys】：1. Many people aren’t willing to get involved in this meaningless argument.2. The students from countryside needn’t feel inferior to those from big cities.3. Judging from your school report, all your teachers are quite satisfied with you.4. The girl impressed the interviewer with her liveliness and humor.5. The family environment can have a great influence on the child’s personality.6. The dictionary is intended for children, so it is not suitable for you.7. Washing hands often can avoid being infected by disease.8. He is keen on reading because reading can bring him knowledge and happiness.9. He lives on a small island, isolated from modern life.10. He insisted on keeping on his post regardless of his own safety.随堂检测(A)The sense of insecurity, humiliation and helplessness always keep a woman mum. Our whole socialization is such that for any unsuccessful marriage which results in such violence or divorce, it is always the woman, who is help responsible. Cultural beliefs and traditions that discriminate against women may be officially discredited but they continue to flourish at the grass root levels. Family relations in India are governed by personal laws. The four major religious communities are—Huidu, Muslim, Christian and Parsi. Each has their separate personal laws. They are governed by their respective personal laws in matters of marriage, divorce, succession, adoption, guardianship and maintenance. In the laws of all the communities, women have fewer rights than that of man in corresponding situations. It is really that women of the minority communities in India continue to have unequal legal right s and even the women of the majority community have yet to gain complete formal equality in all aspects of family life. This is basically the prolem of gender inequality.Gender Inequality refers to the obvious or hidden disparities among individuals based on the performance of gender. This problem in simple term is known as Gender Bias which in simple terms means the gender stratification or making difference between a girl and a boy i.e. a male or a female. In making biasness among the gender India ranks 10th out of 128counties all over the world which is shameful for us. But this problem is increasing although government has banned the pre-natal sex examination. In India (in the older times) this problem is mainly seen in the rural areas because many rural people think that the girl child is burden on them. But now this is also being seen in the urban areas i.e. in offices, institutions, schools and in society. The afflicted world in which we live is characterized by deeply unequal sharing of the burden of adversities between women and men. Gender Inequality exists in most part of the world, from Japan to Morocco, or from Uzbekistan to United States of America.However, inequality between men and women can take very many different forms. Indeed, gender inequality is not one homogeneous phenomenon, but a collection of disparate and interlinked problem. This issue of gender inequality is one which has been publicly reverberating through society for decades. The problem of inequality in employment being one of the most pressing issues today. In order to examine this situation one must try to get to the root of the problem and must understand the sociological factors that cause women to have a much more difficult time getting the same benefits, wages, and job opportunities as their male counterparts. The society in which we live has been shaped historically by males.However, in many parts of the world, women receive less attention and health care than men do, and particularly girls often receive very much less support than boys. As a result of this gender bias, he mortality rates of females often exceed those of males in these countries. The concept of missing women was devised to give some idea of the enormity of the phenomenon of women’s adversity in mortality by focusing on the women who are simply not there, due to unusually high mortality compared with male mortality rates. In some regions in the world, inequality between women and men directly involves matters of life and death, and takes the brutal form of unusually high mortality rates of women and a consequent preponderance of men in the total population, as opposes to the preponderance of women found in societies with little or no gender bias in health care and nutrition. Mortality inequality has been observed extensively in North Africa and in Asia, including China and South Asia.1. This passage is probably written by .A. a ChineseB. a JapaneseC. an AmericanD. an Indian2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Usually the woman is to blame when something goes wrong in the marriage.B. Men have been occupying the predominating role in shaping history.C. There are four chief religious communities.D. If there is law against discrimination against women, women will be treated equally as men.3. What does the underlined word “preponderance” mean?A. dominanceB. presumptionC. inferiorityD. minority4. What could be the best title for this passage?A. High Mortality Rates of FemalesB. Reasons for Gender InequalityC. Gender InequalityD. Different Forms of Gender Inequality(B)A knight was a mounted warrior of medieval Europe who served a king or other feudal superior, usually in return for land. Knighthood was taken quite seriously and had to be earned.At about the age of eight, a boy would begin training in preparation for knighthood. This young trainee, known as a page, would train with mentors to learn about horses, armor, and weapons. Pages practiced fighting with a sword against a wooden stake and learned to skillfully use a bow and arrow. The lady of the castle taught a young page about manners and social graces, as well as how to sing, play instruments, and dance. A priest might give a page religious training and teach him to read and write.By the age of fourteen, the page would become a squire. A squire was responsible for dressing a knight for battles and tournaments and taking care of the knight’s armor and weapons. He would even follow his master on the battlefield to protect him if the knight fell.A squire had to gain skill in using a lance, spear, or sword, so he would practice against a wooden dummy called a quintain. The quintain and a shield were hung on a wooden pole, and when hit, the whole structure would spin. The squire would learn to ride up and hit the shield’s center, but then quickly move out of the way without getting hit and knocked off his horse by the quintain.At about age twenty, a squire was finally prepared to be called a knight, which involved an extended ceremony. On the evening before becoming a knight, the squire confessed his sins to a priest, was given a symbolic bath, and then fasted in order to cleanse his soul. The squire would dress all in white and stay in a chapel all night praying andwatching over his weapons and armor.In the morning, the squire would dress in symbolically—colored clothing: red for his bold, white for purity, and brown for his return to the earth after death. At his induction(成人仪式), the knight swore a code of chivalry(骑士精神), which required his always to be brave, loyal, courteous, and to protect the defenseless. Knighthood was conferred(赋予) by the overlord with an accolade, during which the new knight was tapped on the shoulders or neck with the flat side of the sword.If this new knight ever broke his vows or acted dishonorably, he would be stripped of his knighthood in another ceremony, in which he was “buried”. In the Middle Ages, a knight without honor was considered as good as dead.1. What were two responsibilities of a squire?2. What brave act did a squire have to perform?3. What is chivalry?4. If a knight were to be betray the king, what do you think might happen?(C)Laziness is a sin, everyone knows that.We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is 1 , that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more2 reasons than the simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are3 much more serious problems. They maybe so distrustful of their4 workers that they are unable to5 in any group task for fear of being laughed at or fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who seem lazy may be deadened by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of6 may prevent work: some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals of fantastic achievements, that they are unable to deal with whatever " lesser " work is7 . Still other people are not avoiding work, strictly speaking; they are nearly procrastinating(拖延)8 their day.Laziness can 9 be helpful. Like procrastinators，some people look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, researching. We should all remember that some great scientific discoveries 10 by chance. Newton wasn't 11 in the orchard when the apple hithim and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone “lazy”build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that “laziness” were caused by the worker’s taking time to check each 12 of his work and to do his job right. And sometimes, being “lazy”–that is, taking time off for a rest—is good for the 13 students or executives. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor who's simply working himself overtime too many evenings at the clinic. So be careful when you’re 14 to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting or planning his or her 15 work.1. A. illegal B. immoral C. harmful D. insulting2. A. serious B. ground C. complex D. confusing3. A. suffering from B. experiencing C. going through D. accusing of4. A. peers B. colleague C. league D. fellow5. A. involve B. join C. take D. absorb6. A. fantasies B. burdens C. tasks D. distractions7. A. at hand B. by hand C. with hands D. on hand8. A. arranging B. planning C. rescheduling D. preparing9. A. actually B. indeed C. practically D. peculiarly10. A. occurred B. took place C. arose D. aroused11. A. waiting B. sleeping C. working D. walking12. A. piece B. step C. one D. part13. A. lazy B. busy C. overworked D. diligent14. A. tempted B. likely C. ready D. obliged15. A. own B. next C. former D. previous(A)Contrary to its name, the Underground Railroad was not an actual railroad. Rather, it was a vast net work of people working secretly to help fugitive slaves escape north and to Canada. Sometimes called the Freedom Trail, this network of escape routes operated for many years before and during the Civil War.Hundreds of slaves moved north to freedom each year via the Underground Railroad. Escape routes stretched from the southern slave states into the free northern states and up to Canada. Escaped slaves were considered fugitives of the law, so they travelled secretly—usually at night, with the North Star as their guide—and were hidden along their route in safe houses, barns and haylofts.Some form of organized system to assist runaway slaves probably began in the 1780s under Quaker sponsorship. In 1786, George Washington is said to have complained about a “society of Quakers”helping one of his runaway slaves. This system of slave-helping people continued to grow, and in 1831 it was given the nickname “the Underground Railroad”, after the steam railroads that were emerging at the time. Other railroad terms were used in regard to the network of people helping slaves: A “conductor” was a person responsible for moving fugitive from one place to the next; homes and businesses where fugitives would rest and eat were called “stations”and “depots”that were run by “stationmasters”; and people who contributed money or goods were called “stockholders”.Most of the people helping the fugitive slaves were antislavery blacks, but many whites also supported the Underground Railroad. The highest number of slaves escaped from the upper South, because of its close proximity to the free states. These slaves were most often single, young males, as only rarely would an entire family of slaves attempt to make an escape together.Escaping to freedom was an arduous task. First, a slave had to escape from the slaveholder. Sometimes a “conductor”posing as a slave would enter a plantation and then guide the runaway out. The fugitive would sometimes travel between 10 and 20 miles to the nest station, where they would rest and eat, hiding in barns and other-out-of-way places. While the slave waited, a message would be sent to the next station to alert its stationmaster. Board points, such as Cincinnati, Ohio, and Wilmington, Delaware, and lake ports of Detroit, Michigan; Sandusky, Ohio; Erie, Pennsylvania; and Buffalo, New York, were all popular escape terminals, where conductors would meet the slaves and help them to freedom.Vigilance groups sprang up in many northern areas, including New York, Philadelphia, and Boston. These were groups of people who offered support to the fugitives in the form of money, food and lodging. They also helped these former slaves settle into a community by finding them jobs and providing letters of recommendation.The Underground Railroad included many notable participants, including John Fairfield, who made many daring rescues; Levi Coffin, a Quaker who assisted more than 3.000 slaves; and Harriet Tubman, who made 19 trips into the South and shepherded more than 300 slaves to freedom. Thousands of antislavery campaigners, both black and white, risked their lives to operate the railway.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The Underground Railroad was called the Freedom Trail.B. The Underground Railroad operated before the Civil War.C. People helping the fugitive slaves were all antislavery blacks.D. The Underground Railroad was not a real road.2. What does the underlined word “arduous” mean?A. laboriousB. effortlessC. undemandingD. uncomplicated3. Where did “conductor” meet the slaves and help them to freedom?A. MichiganB. New YorkC. PennsylvaniaD. border points4. Which of the following is the best title for this passage.A. AntislaveryB. Antislavery in the Civil WarC. The Civil WarD. The Underground Railroad(B)Gregor Johann Mendel is often called the father of genetics for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants. Mendel showed that the inheritance of traits follow particular laws, which were later named after him.Mendel was born in Austria in 1822, and in 1847, he was ordained into the priesthood. Shortly thereafter it became apparent that he was suited to teaching. So in 1851, Mendel began attending the University of Vienna to train to be a teacher of mathematics and biology. There, he developed skills as a researcher, which he would later utilize.Mendel did groundbreaking work in his study of the theories of heredity. Using simple pea plants, Mendel traced their seven basic characteristic and discovered three basic laws that governed the passage of a trait from one member of a species to another member of the same species.Mendel’s first law states that a sex cell of a plant will contain just one of tow possible traits. His second law states that characteristics are inherited independently from another. Mendel’s third law states that each inherited characteristic is determined by two hereditary factors, or genes, one from each parent. These decide whether a trait appears or not. Mendel’s work and theories later became the model for the study of modern genetics, and are still recognized and used today.Ironically, Mendel was not recognized for his work by his scientific peers. In fact, hiswork was relatively unappreciated until the turn of the 20th century. But Mendel’s achievements were certainly revolutionary: his work led to the discovery of dominant and recessive traits, the concept of heterozygous to the discovery of dominant and recessive traits, the concept of heterozygous and homozygous, and other advanced phenomena. Mendel died on January 6, 1884.1. What is Mendel’s nickname?2. How did Mendel develop these laws?3. What does that tell you about the laws?4. What other groundbreaking facts did Mendel’s work later reveal to the scientific world?(C)Birds are becoming popular as pets, but unlike with more common pets, owners of birds are often not familiar with the behavioral patterns of the animal which 1 them to recognize what the pet needs and wants. For example, most of us can recognize the behavior a dog 2 when he is hungry or wants 3 , but how many of us know how birds 4 showing the same feelings? By learning about the behavioral patterns of birds, its owner can forge a stronger relationship with his pet. Owners can learn how to 5 bird body language, including movements of the eyes, wings, tail and beak.A bird’s eyes are different from a human’s. While both birds and humans have pupils and irises (the black and colored parts respectively), birds have the ability to control the 6 of their pupils by 7 and reducing their irises quickly. This behavior, flashing, is something birds may do when they are angry, interested, or frightened.A bird also 8 through the use of their wings. A bird may lift or open his wings as a 9 of happiness. But if the bird starts opening and closing their wings, it may 10 anger or pain. If a bird fails to fold its wings against its body, and instead lets them 11 by their side, the bird may be ill. Healthy adult birds will 12 tuck their wings against their bodies when they are at rest.Finally, birds often use their tail feathers to communicate, so a/an 13 of this behavior will help the pet’s owner. A bird may move his tail from side to side, called 14 , to express happiness (similar to dogs in behavior and meaning). Happiness is also theemotion expressed by other kinds of tail movement, such as up and down. 15 , if a bird fans his tail feathers out, it is usually a way to show anger or aggression.1. A. permit B. allow C. promise D. get2. A. shows B. gives C. exhibits D. displays3. A. attention B. food C. love D. affection4. A. give off B. give out C. go along D. go about5. A. know B. understand C. hear D. read6. A. shape B. size C. function D. condition7. A. increasing B. decreasing C. stretching D. enlarging8. A. communicates B. talks C. expresses D. illustrates9. A. form B. sign C. symbol D. representative10. A. express B. convey C. signal D. extend11. A. hang B. fold C. open D. close12. A. typically B. usually C. basically D. technically13. A. read B. master C. transportation D. understanding14. A. wagging B. moving C. movement D. sweeping15. A. However B. Instead C. While D. Though难度：☆☆☆【Keys】：: (A) DDAC(B) 1. Dressing a knight for fighting and taking care of armor and weapons.2. Protecting the knight when he fell.3. Qualities of being brave, loyal, courteous and protecting the defenseless.4. He would be stripped of his knighthood and buried.(C) 1-5 BCADB 6-10 ADCAA 11-15 CBCAB加油站【默认】Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paperand decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech.11. A. Those who are themselves spoiled and self-centered.B. Those who expected to have several children but could only have one.C. Those who like to give expensive jewels to their children.D. Those who give birth to their only children when they are below 30.12. A. Because their parents want them to share the family burden.B. Because their parents are too strict with them in their education.C. Because they have nobody to play with.D. Because their parents want them to grow up as fast as possible.13. A. Two types of only children.B. Parents’ responsibilities.C. The necessity of family planning.D. The relationship between parents and children.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Posters allow people to eat poorly.B. A bad diet is a symptom of social, cultural, and economic problems.C. Poor people are not aware of the four food groups.D. Alcohol contributes to a bad diet.15. A. They are not the solution to dietary problems.B. They do not illustrate all the food groups.C. They are not based on medical research.D. They are only to wealthy people.16. A. Cultural problems. B. Social problems.C. Economic problemsD. Physical problems.Ⅱ. Grammar(A)One of the first question young children ask is “Why?” It is human nature to want (1) (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find our “why”by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for (2) experiment.(3) example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying (4) . Some tells you that (5) (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Docertain colors of cloth keep insects away?” Then you’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, at regular intervals, you would observe and record and not (6) that plant had any insect damage or not.This experiment many prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth (7) keep away insects.” Or you may find that the answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow cloth.” (8)you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in your own life.(B)The Eiffel Tower and the Sydney Opera House are two brilliant pieces of architecture (9)(construct) in the recent history of mankind.(10) former, which was built for the 1889 World Expo, is as a representative of the French capital Opera House is of Australia. Three hundred meters in height, it was once (11)(tall) building in the world. Another prominent feature included of this construction is that (12)consists of 12.000iron pieces, each of (13) was designed and made separately in advance. These pieces were then held together with roughly 7 million bolts. An interesting aspect about the Eiffel Tower is that at first it was not well received by the people of Paris. It (14)(mean) to last only for the duration of the Expo, but it eventually turned out to be the most famous construction in Paris.The Eiffel Tower took the name of its designer, while that of the Opera House was not so lucky. Joern Utzon, an outstanding Danish architect, did not even work to its completion. He resigned a year earlier owing to numerous disagreements (15) the local government. Nevertheless, his role in the design of the Opera House is never (16) ( ignore).ⅠSection BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech.11. A. Food and other production may not keep pace with population increase.B. World population is increasing at a fantastic speed.C. The rate of food increase is uneven in different countries.D. There will not be enough air for people to breathe.12. A. The USSR B. Europe C. Asia D. Africa13. 30 B. 600 C. 2,000 D. 200,000 Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Food B. Houses C. Land D. Gold15. A. They were afraid to work B. Work was necessary and honorable.C. Men who worked had nothing to eat.D. Luxury was as important as work16. A. Hard B. Easy C. Terrible D. MiserableⅡ.(A)No budget for your vacation? Try home exchanges—swapping houses with strangers. Agree to use each other’s cars, and you can save dollars (1) car rentals (租赁费), too.Home exchanges are not new. At least one group, Intervac, has been facilitating such an arrangement since 1953. But trading online (2) (gain) popularity these days, with several sites (3) operation, including Home Exchanges. Founded in 1992, with some 28,000 listings, this company bills itself as the world’s largest home exchange club, reporting that membership has increased 30% this year.The annual fee is usually less than US$100. Members can access thousands of listings for apartments, villas, suburban homes and farms around the world. Initial contact is made via , with subsequent communication usually by phone. Before a match is made, potential swappers tend to discuss a lot.However, the concept (4) sound risky to some people. What about theft? Damage? These are reasonable causes for concern, (5) equally unlikely. As one swapper puts(6) , “Nobody is going to fly across the ocean or drive 600 miles to come steal your TV. Besides, at the same time they’re staying in your home, you arestaying in their home.”Generally, the biggest complaint among home exchangers has to do with different standards of cleanliness. Swappers(7) (suppose) to make sure their home is in order before they depart, but one person’s idea of “clean” may be more forgiving than (8) . Some owners say if they come back to a less-than-sparkling kitchen, it may be inconvenient but would not sour them on future exchanges.(B)One of the consequences of the terrible earthquake and tsunami in Japan on 11 March was, of course, a leak of radiation at the Fukushima nuclear power station on the country’s east coast. Soon afterwards, all the people living within twenty kilometers of the plant (9) (tell) leave because of the danger from the radiation.The pros and cons of nuclear power always come up in debates about (10) the world should produce the energy it needs. Those who think the risks are too great can obviously use Chernobyl—and now Fukushima—in their argument, while also (11) (point) out that nuclear waste stays radioactive for hundreds of years, and asking what(12) (happen)if terrorists ever shoes to attack a nuclear power plant. Those who support nuclear power point out that a very small amount of nuclear fuel can create a huge amount of energy, and that unlike the burning of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, nuclear power stations (13)(not contribute) to global warming by pushing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.Most of the world’s energy currently comes from fossil fuels, (14) this can’t go on forever. As well as the problem of global warming there is the simple fact that the Earth has a limited amount of these resources. They will eventually run out—(15) there is a lot of disagreement about when that might be.Apart from nuclear power, which currently provides less than 10% of the world’s energy, the other alternative is energy from renewable sources. These include hydropower, biofuel (made mostly from crops, wind power and solar power, and together they currently provide around 15% of the world’s energy. Some scientists think renewable energy is the great hope for the future—not only because it won’t run out but also because it is (16) (risky) than nuclear power and produces far fewer greenhouse gases than burning fossil fuels.难度：☆☆☆。