新标准大学英语综合教程4UNIT2
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译Key to book4 unit1-6 Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understanding Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.- 1 -1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my drivinglicence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person tr y to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases. 1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or(b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are backwhere you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressingyourself (a) well, or (b) badly? 6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it? 7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine itcarefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?- 2 -Active reading (2) If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 funny orentertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone‘s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4. A After three years at university, I‘m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it‘s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn‘t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job. A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends. A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night whenwe worked overtime. A But I don‘t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn‘t much after they‘d (7) deducted tax and pens ion contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.- 3 -1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she‘ll get a good degree, but I wouldn‘t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds (6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.- 4 -1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on). 4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here �Dkind of‖ is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know). 6 ... it‘s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it‘s true). 7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns 1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work ina hospital (hospital work) 3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket) 4 a discount for students (a student discount)- 5 -感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
新标准大学英语四综合教程Unit1-6课文及翻译
If you ask me1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracke d up to be. Twelve yearsat school and threeyearsat univer sity, teache rs bangin g on aboutopport uniti es in the big wide worldbeyond our shelte red life as studen ts, and what do I find?2 Try as I mightto stay cheerf ul, all I ever get is hassle, someti mes with people (especi allyboys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expens ive out here! Everyo ne wantsa sliceoff you. The Inland Revenu e wantsto deduct income tax, the bank manage r wantsrepaym entson my studen t loan, the landlo rd wantsthe rent, gas, water, electr icity and my mobile billskeep coming in, and all that's before I've had anythi ng to eat. And then some bright sparkcallsme out of the blue, asking if I'm intere stedin buying a pensio n. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alonetill I'm 60.3 I didn't really want to go out to work just yet. I mean, I wasn't a dropou t and I knew I'd have to some day. Accord ing to any number of people "life's not a picnic", "there's no such thingas a free lunch". But giventhat I'd got a good degree, I though t I'd like to go on to get my master's. Actual ly, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Econom ics (LSE) . Top school, very good for my CV. But I talked to my mum aboutit, and she said she couldn't afford to suppor t me any more. I kind of unders tandit, and not just becaus e my degree is in econom ics. She'd worked hard for 15 yearsto give me an educat ion. My dad wasn't around most of the time, and when he was, he didn't have any money. He'd spentit gambli ng on the dogs or down the pub. So it came to the pointwhenI just agreed with Mum, and bowedmyself toward s the inevit able.4 If you ask me, and despit e everyt hingyou hear, fortun ately thereare some really nice people out there. Take Mike, for exampl e. When I left univer sity, what I though t was that my mum wouldfeel oblige d to look afterme if I return ed home. So I packed up my belong ingsand went to London to get a job. I wanted someth ing in financ e and invest ments, becaus e you know, maybewith a job like that, I coulduse my degree. But by that time, therewere no jobs left, and I didn't really want to end up in some boring office, doingphotoc opies and making the tea.5 Go anywhe re you like in London and there's usuall y a good pub. The day I realiz ed no one in the city was goingto offerme a job, I went into The Salisb ury on Leaden hallStreet for a drinkand someth ing to eat. Mike the landlo rd was at the bar, pourin g pintswith one hand, making sandwi cheswith the other, and washin g the glasse s all at the same time—it's true, he really did seem to have threehands. He also seemed to know everyo ne, and greete d the regula rs by name, gettin g theirdrinks readywith the questi on, "The usualtoday, is it?" I though t he looked kind of cool, he was doingwhat he did best, servin g thirst y client s, and no one did it better. So I went up to him and askedhim whethe r therewas a job for me.6 Well, to cut a long storyshort, I starte d work in the pub one Friday lunchtime. It was quitedemand ing work, but I likedit. People seemed to find me amusin g and it made me feel better too. Therewas one middle-aged regula r in a suit who always had a half of bitter and a ham and pickle sandwi ch, with the crusts cut off. When I saw Tony coming, I triedto have his lunchreadyfor him even before he asked. He was anothe r one of thosereally nice people.7 If you ask me, spendi ng moneywhen you don't have any is dead easy. I beganto thinkabouthow I'd spendmy firstmonth's wages. The flat whereI was stayin g was expens ive, and I just abouthad enough to coverthe firstmonth's substa ntial bills. But I calcul atedthat there'd be just enough moneyover to treatmyself to someth ing. Why not get a CD or maybea plantto cheerup the flat? I though t.8 It was my birthd ay on pay day. Apartfrom Mike and Tony, I didn't have any friend s in London. Seeing that I didn't have a boyfri end either, you can unders tandwhy I beganto feel sorryfor myself. So I ordere d myself some flower s, and askedthem to be sent with a little card, saying "With all my love Anon." The highli ght of my birthd ay wouldbe the confus ed look on the floris t's eyes when he delive red them.9 Laterthat week, Tony came in as usualand sat down at the bar. "What's wrongwith you? Where's that smilegone today?" I talked to him about... well, aboutpretty well everyt hing, money, the master's, my birthd ay, the lot. He sympat hized with me.10 Tony got up from his stool, and went over to talk to some of the others. Rememb er: The Salisb ury is rightin the heartof the city, so all the custom ers were in bankin g or insura nce or the stockmarket. Next day he turned up with cheque s to the valueof £20,000. "This is a loan for you to set up your busine ss. The only collat eralyou have is my trustin you that one day, you'll pay us back—if you can. And if you can't, too bad, that's the financ e busine ss for you. But I thinkyou will."11 I didn't say anythi ng for fear that I was goingto cry. What were the odds on anyone beingso nice?12 And the flower s? I redire ctedthem to my mum, and they arrive d for her on my birthd ay. She deserv ed them, don't you think?13 If you ask me, lookin g back afterall theseyears, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succee d. The fact that the rest is hard work doesn't matter, it's stillworthit.14 Aftera year workin g at The Salisb ury, I got a placeat the LSE, did my master's and founda job in an invest mentbank. I invest ed the £20,000, and sold out before the 2008 crash. I paid back Tony and the otherinvest ors, with ten per cent annual intere st, and set up my own firm. It exceed ed all my expect ation s and is stilla thrivi ng busine ss.15 Tony wroteme a thank-you note. He'd been in a car accide nt, and couldn't walk. The moneyI paid back wouldallowhim to adapthis houseso he couldmove around it in his wheelc hair. This is what he wrote:16 "Thirty-five yearsin bankin g, and I've nevermade a better invest mentthan the loan to you. You've repaid the moneywith intere st, and my trustin you and your honest y 100-fold. If you ask me, invest ing in people givesthe best return you can ever hope for."17 If you ask me, he's right. What do you think?依我看依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Active Reading2 课文翻译
Unit 1 依我看1 依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。
我们上了12年的中、小学，又上了3年的大学，这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在备受呵护的学生生活之外的那个广阔天地里的各种机会，可我遇到的又是什么呢？2 无论我怎么想保持心情愉快，可麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是和人发生矛盾（尤其是跟男孩子，天哪！他们什么时候才能长大？），但通常是为钱发愁。
这个地方什么东西都很贵！人人都想从我身上赚点钱：税务局要收个人所得税，银行经理要我偿清学生贷款，房东催我交房租、燃气费、水费、电费，手机账单也不断地寄来。
所有这些还没算上吃饭的钱。
更可气的是，不知从哪里冒出一个自作聪明的家伙给我打电话，问我要不要买养老金。
照这样下去，我甚至都支撑不到年底，更别提活到60岁领养老金了。
3 我那时还不想出去工作。
我的意思是，我并不是个逃避现实社会的人，但我知道自己未来某一天可能不得不逃避现实。
许多人认为“生活不是野餐”，“没有免费的午餐”。
但既然我拿到了优等生文凭，我想我应该继续攻读硕士学位。
实际上，我已经看中了伦敦政治经济学院的课程。
这是一所顶尖的学校，能给我的履历表增添一段光彩的经历。
但当我跟妈妈谈起这件事时，她说她没法继续供我上学了。
我大概能理解她的心情，但并不仅仅是因为我学的是经济学。
15年来，为了能让我上学，她含辛茹苦。
这些年来，父亲大部分时间都不在家。
就算在家，他也没钱。
他把钱都拿去赌狗、喝酒了。
所以我听了妈妈的话，向命运低下了头。
4 依我看，不管人们说什么，幸运的是世上还有很多好心人。
迈克就是其中的一个。
大学毕业时，我想如果我回家，妈妈就会觉得她有责任照顾我。
所以，我就收拾行李去伦敦找工作。
我想找金融和投资方面的职位，因为你知道这样我就可以用上我的专业知识。
可是那时候已经没有这样的工作了，但我又不愿意做复印文件、端茶倒水之类的乏味的办公室工作。
5 在伦敦，无论走到什么地方，你都能找到一个好酒吧。
有一天，我意识到这个城市没有人会雇我，于是我走进位于利德贺街的索尔兹伯里酒吧去喝酒，顺便吃点东西。
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 2 答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 2 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Section A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙mysterious∙neglect∙normally∙interact∙dialect∙exclude∙influential∙cite∙foster∙likewise∙await∙obstacle∙classification∙idle∙ammunition∙drown∙advantageous∙forego∙stature∙originality1.Your answer Correct answerforego forego2.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3.Your answer Correct answerawait await4.Your answer Correct answerdrown drown5.Hollywood.Your answer Correct answerinfluential influential6.Your answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7.do!Your answer Correct answeridle idle8.Your answer Correct answerfoster foster9.Your answer Correct answernormally normally10.Your answer Correct answerclassification classification11.Your answer Correct answerexclude exclude12.Your answer Correct answerstature stature13.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14.Your answer Correct answerneglect neglect15.been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16.Your answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17.Your answer Correct answercite cite18.Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19.Your answer Correct answerinteract interact20.opponents.Your answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerwith with22.winter into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.Your answer Correct answerfor for24.Your answer Correct answerto to25.Your answer Correct answerwith with26.Your answer Correct answerout outYour answer Correct answerFor For28.Your answer Correct answeron on29.Your answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerupon uponPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.I'm looking for a good book to read. Can you give me a(n)generally like to read fiction, but I will read nonfiction if the story is good. I'm a(n)I usually don't like boring stories that featurewith no originality. I don't mind action, but I can do without anyunnecessary violence.Do you have any ideas? In my opinion, the best literature features characters that faceunbelievable odds,of personalwill inevitably face a decision that might involve a(n)his or herI'mknow what you would recommend. At this point, I'm ready tobook, no matter how long!Your answer Correct answer(31) recommendation recommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) enlightenment enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tacklePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.It is difficult, by sheer popularity and fame of the story, to read or listen to Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol without conjuring up images from one of the many preexisting dramatic productions of the tale. Unfortunately, we often focus on the popular dramatizations of the story to the exclusion of the message that lies at its heart. The story is now a staple of the Western Christmas tradition, but many people don't fully understand why. A Christmas Carol is a very simple and straightforward presentation of the dangers associated with power and greed. However, the story has a more fundamental (if somewhat clichéd by today's standards) message: seize the day and take advantage of all that life has to offer. The reader is left with the notion that, within all of us, there exist qualities that can be improved to unknowable benefit, and it is our responsibility to make necessary improvements in order to realize those benefits.We see, in Ebenezer Scrooge, an individual almost entirely consumed by greed with little or no worries for the rest of humanity. He is, obviously, an extreme case with whom it is difficult to identify. His days are spent in concentration over his money and how best to underuse it, and his life has been wasted on this cause. He squanders his days while those around him, such as his nephew and Bob Cratchit, attempt to live their lives and make them worthwhile.When Marley visits Scrooge in his bedroom, he explains what will soon happen and why and says, "It is required of every man, that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellowmen, and travel far and wide." Marley never did this and is condemned to walk forever in chains after death. Scrooge, also, has never done this, and his visits with the three ghosts are meant to awaken that inside of him which has been dead all his life. Scrooge's journeys with the three ghosts are also meant to make the reader reexamine his or her own life.Scrooge, as well as the reader, also learns that in a self-absorbed existence based on the exclusion of others, we succumb to ignorance. Ignorance of others and the world around us breeds contempt for that which we do not understand and creates an inescapable trap into which we inevitably fall. Scrooge did not understand this and ultimately fell victim to his own vices. We, as both readers and human beings, are todraw from Scrooge's experiences his final lessons from the ghosts and not become victim to the sametraps which befell him.41. This passage is an example of what type of writing?A. Autobiography.B. Literary analysis.C. Persuasive writing.D. Fiction.42. Which paragraph includes a discussion of the lessons that readers of the story should learn?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.43. Based on this passage, who is the main character of A Christmas Carol?A. Charles Dickens.B. Ebenezer Scrooge.C. Bob Cratchit.D. Marley.44. The first paragraph of this passage implies that Dickens' story has been very _____.A. repetitiveB. prodigiousC. influentialD. stereotypical45. What is the main point of this passage?A. Readers should learn the same lessons as characters do in the story.B. Readers have no connection to characters in the story.C. Readers should act in opposition to characters in the story.D. Readers can create their own characters in the story.。
A4 新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译1-10单元
Unit 1Active reading (1)大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。
在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？七月，你看着21岁英俊的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着优等学士学位证书，拍毕业照。
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、能偶尔参加聚会的印象开始消退。
但现在，你又不得不再考虑钱的问题。
等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。
他只是偶尔走开去发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，去酒吧喝酒。
这位前“千禧一代”的后裔一夜之间变成了“哼哼一代”的成员。
他能找到工作吗？这就是成千上万家庭所面临的景象：今年夏天，超过65万大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。
父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者，他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。
来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。
他走进大学就业服务中心，又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。
跟他一起住的另外5个男孩也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。
找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划。
他说：“我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒了。
他们给的年薪是1万8千镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐煮豆子，可他们还要有研究经历或硕士学位的人。
然后我又申请了公务员速升计划，并通过了笔试。
但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家治国论者’。
我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。
”打那以后他整个夏天都在“躲”。
他能够轻松复述《交通警察》中的若干片段，他白天看电视的时间太多，已经到了影响健康的地步。
跟朋友谈自己漫无目标的日子时，他才发现他们的处境和自己的并没有两样。
新标准大学英语综合教程4
新标准大学英语综合教程4简介《新标准大学英语综合教程4》（New Standard College English Integrated Course 4）是适用于大学英语学习的综合教材。
本教材由教育部大学英语教学指导委员会编写，主要旨在提高学习者的英语听说读写能力，培养他们的语言运用能力和交际能力。
教材结构第一单元：Making a Difference本单元主要介绍了如何改变世界、影响他人及人类的重要发现和创新。
该单元以阅读、听力、口语和写作练习为主，帮助学生提高他们的综合英语能力。
第二单元：Discoveries and Innovations本单元以旅行和发现为主题，学生将学习到许多前沿科技和创新。
通过本单元的学习，学生能够了解到世界各地的文化差异以及不同的创新理念。
第三单元：Exploring Literature本单元主要介绍了一些经典文学作品，例如《傲慢与偏见》和《罪与罚》。
学生通过阅读和分析这些文学作品，可以提高他们的阅读理解能力和文学鉴赏能力。
第四单元：Environment and Sustainability本单元主要关注环境和可持续发展。
通过学习环保和可持续性发展的相关知识，学生能够了解到全球变暖、生态系统破坏和环境保护的重要性，并提出解决方案。
教学特点任务型教学教材中的各个单元都以任务型教学方法为主，学生在完成各种任务的过程中，能够提高他们的语言运用能力和交际能力。
多媒体辅助教学教材中配有丰富的多媒体资源，包括MP3音频和各种课堂活动，帮助学生更好地理解和吸收教学内容。
提供复习和测试每个单元结束时，教材提供了复习和测试部分，帮助学生巩固并检测他们所学的知识。
使用建议分步学习建议学生按照教材的进度进行分步学习，逐步提高听说读写的能力。
多练习口语英语口语是提高语言运用能力的关键，建议学生多参加口语练习，积极与他人交流。
频繁使用学习资源建议学生频繁使用教材中提供的学习资源，包括MP3音频、练习册等，提高学习效果。
新标准大学英语综合教程4Unit text 1-10 答案
Unit 11 embellish2 upcoming3 highlight4 exceeds5 fraught6 concise7 apathy8 recounted 9gamble 10 demanding 11 repay 12 clutched 13 redirect 14 transition 15 thriving 16 deduct 17 revert 18 overdo 19 investors 20 comprehensive21 up 22 through 23 if 24 down 25 for 26 by 27 on 28 to 29 in 30 outYour answer Correct answer(31) slump slump(32) proceed aimless(33) landlord landlord(34) client client(35) hassle hassle(36) loan loan(37) honesty honesty(38) sympathetically sympathize(39) financially financially(40) Fortunately Fortunately CabddUnit 21.Can weYour answer Correct answerforego forego2.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3.There's nothing left to do now butYour answer Correct answerawait await4.I love going on vacation, but I alwaysYour answer Correct answerdrown drown5.After three huge successes, George became one of the mostHollywood.Your answer Correct answerdrown influential6.There have been far too manyYour answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7.do!Your answer Correct answeridle idle8.Your answer Correct answerfoster foster9.SheYour answer Correct answernormally normally10.Your answer Correct answerclassification classification11.exclude exclude12.Your answer Correct answerstature stature13.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14.Your answer Correct answerneglect neglect15.been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16.I'm going to invest my money in Microsoft, and I strongly suggest you doYour answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17.It is critical toYour answer Correct answercite cite18.Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19.It's difficult tointeract interact20.It's common for politicians to use almost anything asYour answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.The toughest thing about moving away was when I had to partYour answer Correct answerwith with22.into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.Please leave me alone; I'm simply lookingYour answer Correct answerfor for24.Your answer Correct answerto to25.Your answer Correct answerwith with26.out out27.Your answer Correct answerFor For28.Your answer Correct answerby on29.I think the reason we're such good friends is because we have so muchYour answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerat uponPart II: Banked ClozeYour answer Correct answer(31) recommendation recommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) indubitably enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tackleBdbcaUnit 3Acbda cbdba acbda bcadc out to off into down upon after up away aroundYour answer Correct answer(31) glamorous glamorous(32) individuality individuality(33) credentials credentials(34) stunning stunning(35) daring daring(36) superficial superficial(37) lavish lavish(38) exclusively exclusively(39) unstable inescapable(40) lure lureDaccdUnit 41.Your answer Correct answermarital marital2.Your answer Correct answeroverseas overseas3.Your answer Correct answeralign align4.The lawyer spent all week trying toYour answer Correct answercompile compile5.We can't afford to lose Thomas—Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6.Your answer Correct answersuperficial superficial7.she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8.Your answer Correct answerpathetic pathetic9.PleaseYour answer Correct answernotify notify10.change.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleDbdba bcdac 21-30 down out from out on in down by into upYour answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirable desirable(33) devastating devastating(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturally naturally(39) yearn yearn(40) unrealistic unrealisticCbadbUnit 5.Your answer Correct answereloquent eloquent2.Your answer Correct answeretiquette etiquette3.Your answer Correct answerintellectual intellectual4.Your answer Correct answeranimated animated5.Your answer Correct answeravailability availability6.Her brother wasYour answer Correct answerentrusted entrusted7. Sadly, my grandmother went through much of her life feeling like there was a(n)Your answer Correct answerstigma stigma8.Your answer Correct answerundermine undermine9.It's obvious that Kevin has amazinglanguages!Your answer Correct answerlinguistic linguistic10.Your answer Correct answerdecidedly decidedlyCdabc abbdc with off as than without that over out into aboutYour answer Correct answer(31) patriarchal patriarchal(32) myriad myriad(33) masculine masculine(34) matriarchal matriarchal(35) presume presume(36) revealing revealing(37) feminism feminism(38) disqualifies disqualifies(39) quote quote(40) singular singularBdabcUnit 61.went out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.ones.Your answer Correct answerselection selection3.Your answer Correct answerrelapse relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not veryYour answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge insupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.I've never had a friend quite soYour answer Correct answerloyal loyal7.Mr. Sanford, I love your daughter and I'd like to ask for your permission to her.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.Your answer Correct answereradicate eradicate9.of voices.Your answer Correct answerdegenerate degenerate10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theYour answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.Your answer Correct answermotto motto12.Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor13.in popularity every day.Your answer Correct answertyranny tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice creamYour answer Correct answervendor vendor15.College students usually begin their first year withfamiliar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answerorientation orientation16.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.Your answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeYour answer Correct answeramends amendsSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerin in22.Your answer Correct answerback back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed himschool.Your answer Correct answeroff off24.Your answer Correct answeroff off25.The book can be summedYour answer Correct answerup up26.Can you get meYour answer Correct answerout out27.Your answer Correct answeron on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sitYour answer Correct answerout out29.Your answer Correct answeras as30.countries.Your answer Correct answerwithout amongYour answer Correct answer(31) lamentable lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) authenticity authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) offensive offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyCabdbUnit 7Cbdca bdadc accdb abdacOff of up in to down with as back awayYour answer Correct answer(31) orchard orchard(32) synonymous synonymous(33) territory territory(34) howling howling(35) creak creak(36) gang gang(37) conquer conquer(38) incredible incredible(39) Satisfactory Ironically(40) cease ceaseAcdbcUnit 81.—it's completely random.Your answer Correct answerlogic logic2.Your answer Correct answerambiguity ambiguity3.Your answer Correct answerlofty lofty4.Your answer Correct answerplaza plaza5.room.Your answer Correct answercomplexity complexity6.Your answer Correct answeropponent opponent7.Your answer Correct answerimply imply8.The review of his new book included a lot ofYour answer Correct answercriticism criticism9.Jacob wascrime?"Your answer Correct answerindignant indignant10.We used to be best friends; it'sYour answer Correct answerinconceivable inconceivable11.Your answer Correct answerlayout layout12.Your answer Correct answererect erect13.Your answer Correct answerscope scope14.In terms of intelligence, this year's Nobel Prize winnerfield.Your answer Correct answertranscends transcends15.Einstein'sYour answer Correct answerintellectual intellectual16.Your answer Correct answerexhibit exhibit17.Your answer Correct answercontemplate contemplate18.work.Your answer Correct answerstimulate stimulate19.Your answer Correct answerhoist hoist20.At this point, any change will be a welcomeYour answer Correct answerimprovement improvementSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.She made a vowYour answer Correct answerthat that22.Your answer Correct answerdo do23.Your answer Correct answerso so24.Your answer Correct answerin in25.Your answer Correct answerfrom from26.Your answer Correct answerof of27.It may sound unbelievable, but my wife and I experienced loveYour answer Correct answerat at28.Your answer Correct answerin in29.The speaker was completely surprised by the outburstYour answer Correct answerof of30.Your answer Correct answerfor forYour answer Correct answer(31) skyline skyline(32) aesthetically aesthetically(33) picturesque picturesque(34) fragile fragile(35) conform conform(36) sentiment sentiment(37) exquisite exquisite(38) prosperity prosperity(39) presumably presumably(40) interpret interpretCdbdaUnit 9Dbdac badad bcbad acbba in at on/upon to of for from with of alongYour answer Correct answer(31) ongoing ongoing(32) manipulate manipulate(33) illustrate illustrate(34) proficiency proficiency(35) blur blur(36) isolated isolated(37) purity purity(38) communal communal(39) globalization globalization(40) utopia utopiaAbdddUnit 101.After the accident, Jeff wasYour answer Correct answerparalyzed paralyzed2.Marilyn Monroe isYour answer Correct answerdoubtless doubtless3.Your answer Correct answerhollow hollow4.Your answer Correct answerannihilated annihilated5.Please don't confuse me with myYour answer Correct answerpredecessor predecessor6.Your answer Correct answerintervene intervene7.It's difficult toYour answer Correct answergauge gauge8.Your answer Correct answersubtle subtle9. Since Mike was prepared to speak to Sally over the phone, her presence creates anYour answer Correct answercomplication complication10.The tables and chairs must be organized in exactly thisattention.Your answer Correct answerconfiguration configurationAcaba cdbad by through of to by on in of for ofYour answer Correct answer(31) verge verge(32) exploration exploration(33) geographical geographical(34) tropical tropical(35) longitude longitude(36) latitude latitude(37) grid grid(38) mileage mileage(39) lulled lulled(40) terrific terrific acbdb。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后翻译U1--U8
第四册Unit 1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60.依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文Summary
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文Summarybywithzhfn第1单元行动。
2ifyouaskme1.thisisastoryofagraduatewhogetsajobinapubforayearandhasachancetobesuccessful.3.在经历了一次意外事故，无法工作后，作者的助手帮助了他。
TONYSAINDING PEOPLEGISTER返回您可以访问的最佳位置。
unit2act.1danger!booksmaychangeyourlife1.本文介绍了Reading Books Tous的功能。
当你读库帕书的时候，你就可以进入世界了。
书籍会影响生活。
2.thewritermentionsaword“home-runbook”thatmightbetheanswerforthebookeveryoneshouldread.“home-run”bookiswhichcangiveyoupleasureandsatisfaction.3.标题描述了阅读能力。
unit2act.2theywerealiveandtheyspoketome2.作者建议尽可能少地使用。
更重要的是质量而不是数量。
unit3act.1fiftyyearsoffashion1960年至2022年的时尚有两个不变的因素：无处不在的Jeans，以及女性裙子和连衣裙的风格和风格。
他们的历史可以追溯到16世纪，后来他们成为了工人的工作服。
20世纪50年代，Jeanswer人与年轻人在一起，之后发展出了新思想。
女性的长寿与经济有关。
当经济形势好转时，女性会向她们展示自己。
unit3act.2eco-jewellery:seaglass这篇文章介绍了HYSEAGlass非常流行的原因。
并描述从海玻璃制作珠宝的过程，让人们思考循环的重要性。
并描绘了珠宝设计师金纳哥的激情。
unit4act.1thecreditcardtrapbywithzhfnunit4act.2thekeytoweddedbliss?moneymatters这篇文章告诉我们什么对婚姻和金钱很重要。
新标准大学英语综合教程4_Unit_test_1-4答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 1 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙fraught∙clutched∙revert∙recounted∙comprehensive∙upcoming∙transition∙apathy∙deduct∙gamble∙demanding∙highlight∙redirect∙investors∙exceeds∙repay∙concise∙embellish∙overdo∙thriving1.face value.Your answer Correct answerembellish embellish2.upcoming upcoming3.Your answer Correct answerhighlight highlight4.Your answer Correct answerexceeds exceeds5.Your answer Correct answerfraught fraught6.Your answer Correct answerconcise concise7.issues.Your answer Correct answerapathy apathy8.campaign.Your answer Correct answerrecounted recounted9.take.Your answer Correct answergamble gamble10.me.Your answer Correct answerdemanding demanding11.repay repay12.Your answer Correct answerclutched clutched13.Your answer Correct answerredirect redirect14.position.Your answer Correct answertransition transition15.Your answer Correct answerthriving thriving16.Your answer Correct answerdeduct deduct17.Your answer Correct answerrevert revert18.Your answer Correct answeroverdo overdo19.Your answer Correct answerinvestors investors20.Your answer Correct answercomprehensive comprehensiveSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerup up22.Your answer Correct answerthrough through23.Your answer Correct answerif if24.Your answer Correct answerdown down25.serious damage.Your answer Correct answerfor forYour answer Correct answerBy By27.Your answer Correct answeron on28.chocolate cake.Your answer Correct answerto to29.Your answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerout outPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Patrick is in a bit of a financialhe can get. Ever since he graduated from college, he's been fairlymoving around a lot and working lots of small odd jobs. He can't seem to decide what he wants to do.He had been working for a law firm, but he recently got laid off. Now he's having difficulty paying hisrent, and hisPatrick might soon be a newI usually make it a rule to not lend money to friends, but Patrick's in a bad situation. I'm going tomake an exception and give him a smallback. He's always been known for hisIt's difficult not tomuch better situation,him before we know it!Your answer Correct answer(31) slump slump(32) aimless aimless(33) landlord landlord(34) client client(35) hassle hassle(36) loan loan(37) honesty honesty(38) sympathize sympathize(39) financially financially(40) Fortunately FortunatelyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.You've written your resume. You've fine tuned your cover letter. You've completed the application. You've lined up your references. Finally, you've been invited to an interview for a job! Interviewing for jobs can be a daunting (yet exhilarating) prospect. Like anything, you will get better with practice. However, the more practice you have in job interviews usually means you're also racking up the rejections, and no one likes to experience too much rejection.Now that you've landed an interview, what's the best way to impress the hiring official, be invited back for a second interview, and get offered the job? You need to be prepared, and, surprisingly, it's incredibly important to know what not to say during an interview. One slip could mean the difference between a job offer and a rejection. With that in mind, here are the things you should never say during a job interview.How much does the job pay?As a general rule, wages and salaries are not usually discussed during a first interview. Asking about this makes you seem like you only care about money. Even if you are invited to a second or third interview, let the employer bring up the topic of money. Be prepared to tell them how much you're expecting. Give a range of what you'd accept rather than a specific amount. Estimating too high or too low might automatically knock you out of the running. It's important to do your research, though. How much do other employers pay? What's the going rate for the position?What does your company do?If you don't know what the company makes or does, why are you interviewing for them? Do your research. With the unbelievable amount of information available on the Internet and at the local library,there's absolutely no excuse for ignorance. You should walk into the interview knowing a lot about the company.I didn't get along with my old boss because . . .Criticizing a previous employer implies that you may do the same to them when you leave. Instead, explain how you overcame a difference of opinion and how you managed difficult situations. Don't dwell on negative issues, and make your answer short.I don't have any questions for you.Of course you do. Saying you don't have any questions indicates you aren't very interested in the job or don't know much about the company. Do your research and walk into the interview with questions. Try to think of questions that the interviewer won't answer as part of the introduction. For example, ask about expansion plans or future development within the company.I've been going through a rough patch at home . . .Interviewers will probably ask you to share something about yourself. Remember to keep your response pertinent to the job and position. Talk about your education, previous employment, goals, and ambitions. If you mention hobbies or personal interests, keep it short. Do not discuss personal problems.In five years, I want to live on a tropical island.When asked about your future, employers want to know how your goals will benefit their company. Saying anything else will tell them that you aren't ambitious or interested in the job at hand. What do you want to achieve in this job or in this industry?41. Of the following, which is the least likely place you would find this article?A. Business magazine.B. College newspaper.C. Management textbook.D. Online blog.42. Which of the following would make the best title for this article?A. What Not to Say in a Job InterviewB. Landing the Perfect JobC. Acing Your Next Job InterviewD. How to Get a Job Interview43. According to this article, what is an acceptable topic of discussion in a job interview?A. Details of your "dream job".B. Hobbies and personal interests.C. Details of a recent divorce.D. Disagreements you had with a previous employer.44. Based on this information, potential employers are interested in which of the following qualities?A. Apathy.B. Sympathy.C. Honesty.D. Ambition.45. With which of the following statements would the writer of this article agree?A. There are only six things you shouldn't say during an interview.B. In a job interview, you should answer all questions as quickly as possible.C. You should share as little about yourself in an interview as possible.D. Every answer you give during an interview should be well thought out.新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 2 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Section A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙mysterious∙neglect∙normally∙interact∙dialect∙exclude∙influential∙cite∙foster∙likewise∙await∙obstacle∙classification∙idle∙ammunition∙drown∙advantageous∙forego∙stature∙originality1.Your answer Correct answerforego forego2.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3.Your answer Correct answerawait await4.Your answer Correct answerdrown drown5.Hollywood.Your answer Correct answerinfluential influential6.Your answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7.do!Your answer Correct answeridle idle8.Your answer Correct answerfoster foster9.Your answer Correct answernormally normally10.Your answer Correct answerclassification classification11.Your answer Correct answerexclude exclude12.Your answer Correct answerstature stature13.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14.Your answer Correct answerneglect neglect15.been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16.Your answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17.Your answer Correct answercite cite18.Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19.Your answer Correct answerinteract interact20.opponents.Your answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerwith with22.winter into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.Your answer Correct answerfor for24.Your answer Correct answerto to25.Your answer Correct answerwith with26.Your answer Correct answerout outYour answer Correct answerFor For28.Your answer Correct answeron on29.Your answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerupon uponPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.I'm looking for a good book to read. Can you give me a(n)generally like to read fiction, but I will read nonfiction if the story is good. I'm a(n)I usually don't like boring stories that featurewith no originality. I don't mind action, but I can do without anyunnecessary violence.Do you have any ideas? In my opinion, the best literature features characters that faceunbelievable odds,of personalwill inevitably face a decision that might involve a(n)his or herI'mknow what you would recommend. At this point, I'm ready tobook, no matter how long!Your answer Correct answer(31) recommendation recommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) enlightenment enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tacklePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.It is difficult, by sheer popularity and fame of the story, to read or listen to Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol without conjuring up images from one of the many preexisting dramatic productions of the tale. Unfortunately, we often focus on the popular dramatizations of the story to the exclusion of the message that lies at its heart. The story is now a staple of the Western Christmas tradition, but many people don't fully understand why. A Christmas Carol is a very simple and straightforward presentation of the dangers associated with power and greed. However, the story has a more fundamental (if somewhat clichéd by today's standards) message: seize the day and take advantage of all that life has to offer. The reader is left with the notion that, within all of us, there exist qualities that can be improved to unknowable benefit, and it is our responsibility to make necessary improvements in order to realize those benefits.We see, in Ebenezer Scrooge, an individual almost entirely consumed by greed with little or no worries for the rest of humanity. He is, obviously, an extreme case with whom it is difficult to identify. His days are spent in concentration over his money and how best to underuse it, and his life has been wasted on this cause. He squanders his days while those around him, such as his nephew and Bob Cratchit, attempt to live their lives and make them worthwhile.When Marley visits Scrooge in his bedroom, he explains what will soon happen and why and says, "It is required of every man, that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellowmen, and travel far and wide." Marley never did this and is condemned to walk forever in chains after death. Scrooge, also, has never done this, and his visits with the three ghosts are meant to awaken that inside of him which has been dead all his life. Scrooge's journeys with the three ghosts are also meant to make the reader reexamine his or her own life.Scrooge, as well as the reader, also learns that in a self-absorbed existence based on the exclusion of others, we succumb to ignorance. Ignorance of others and the world around us breeds contempt for that which we do not understand and creates an inescapable trap into which we inevitably fall. Scrooge did not understand this and ultimately fell victim to his own vices. We, as both readers and human beings, are todraw from Scrooge's experiences his final lessons from the ghosts and not become victim to the sametraps which befell him.41. This passage is an example of what type of writing?A. Autobiography.B. Literary analysis.C. Persuasive writing.D. Fiction.42. Which paragraph includes a discussion of the lessons that readers of the story should learn?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.43. Based on this passage, who is the main character of A Christmas Carol?A. Charles Dickens.B. Ebenezer Scrooge.C. Bob Cratchit.D. Marley.44. The first paragraph of this passage implies that Dickens' story has been very _____.A. repetitiveB. prodigiousC. influentialD. stereotypical45. What is the main point of this passage?A. Readers should learn the same lessons as characters do in the story.B. Readers have no connection to characters in the story.C. Readers should act in opposition to characters in the story.D. Readers can create their own characters in the story.新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 3 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the _____ secret to success, butrelatively few have actually done it.a. elusiveb. evasivec. illusoryd. eloquent2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy since she is such a _____ partof the company.a. visibilityb. risiblec. visibled. visibly3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please consider absolutely everything to be atyour _____."a. disposeb. disposalc. disposingd. disposed4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) _____ feat of selflessness when they turned around tohelp an injured stranger.a. advantageousb. gorgeousc. outrageousd. courageous5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts of expensive _____.a. jewelleryb. jewelsc. jewelersd. jewelling6. Her novel successfully _____ an entire generation of young women to believe they could bewhatever they wanted.a. emboldenedb. embitteredc. empoweredd. embroidered7. I'm not really a _____ of pop culture trends, so can you explain that reference to me?a. flowerb. followerc. fellowd. fallowing8. We just moved into town so we're still a little _____.a. unsettlingb. settlersc. settledd. unsettled9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to _____ your disbelief toward the end.a. upendb. suspendc. dependd. misspend10. Don't _____ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win.a. underestimateb. overestimatec. estimated. misestimate11. As judge, I _____ over this courtroom and have the final say on all matters.a. presideb. residec. presumed. resume12. Please stay back! This is a _____ area!a. constrictedb. districtedc. restrictedd. unrestricted13. The moon shone down and cast a _____ glow over the entire field.a. luminosityb. luminousc. luminald. luminously14. The state dinner is a _____ affair, so please dress appropriately.a. distinctiveb. respectablec. dramaticd. formal15. Stock prices rose _____ after the company publically announced its new product.a. dramaticallyb. magicallyc. looselyd. exclusively16. The colonists began to form a _____ in response to the unfair taxes.a. rebelb. rebellionc. rebelliousd. rebelling17. After striking the iceberg, the ship quickly sank into the _____ depths.a. skinnyb. preppyc. murkyd. baggy18. I'm not a good typist, so I find it easier to _____ all of my emails.a. dictateb. elucidatec. explicated. exacerbate19. To accommodate increased traffic, city planners are going to expand the _____of the highway.a. lengthb. heightc. depthd. width20. Let's be proactive and do something instead of just watching the situation _____.a. ameliorateb. collaboratec. deteriorated. elaborateSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.21.Your answer Correct answerout out22.Your answer Correct answerto to23.Your answer Correct answeroff off24.Your answer Correct answerinto into25.Your answer Correct answerdown down26.Your answer Correct answerupon upon27.Your answer Correct answerafter after28.Your answer Correct answerup up29.couldn't tell whom they belonged to.Your answer Correct answeraway away30.Your answer Correct answeraround aroundPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Everyone's always told me that I should be a model. I have to admit, it does sound like it wouldbe a(n)could also be a great opportunity to assert mymy age, I'm not sure I have the experience orIt takes more than a(n)You also need to have near infinite patience.Many people are under the impression that the fashion and modeling industry attracts only verycould be further from the truth. Yes, there are some models who only care about their ownappearance, wealth, andthe fashion and modeling world has a strong —andI'm one of them.Your answer Correct answer(31) unstable glamorous(32) individuality individuality(33) credentials credentials(34) stunning stunning(35) glamorous daring(36) superficial superficial(37) lavish lavish(38) exclusively exclusively(39) inescapable inescapable(40) lure lurePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.The debate over school uniforms is one of the most controversial issues affecting public school students. Though uniforms have long been a staple of private schools, they are still a rarity in public schools. This is not merely a debate over the aesthetics of fashion. Rather, this debate lies at the very heart of the politics of fashion.What students choose to wear (and what their parents allow them to wear) to school consistently rouses strong feelings and animated discussion. Much has already been said in defense of and against school uniforms, and I won't belabor the individual points further. There are many valid points on both sides of the argument. Instead, I intend to explain why I personally stand in opposition to school uniforms and highlight the reasons why uniforms would serve very little purpose in our specific school district.For the most part, students in our district are well behaved and don't approach any semblance of extreme behavior or expression. Administrators seem to be more worried about a potential escalation of student expression that so far has shown no indication of materializing. Principals and other district administrators are chasing shadows—they're looking to solve a problem that doesn't exist. Our district has no history of student activism, and there are only a few examples of flagrant violations of the existing dresscode. In short, there is absolutely no precedent to believe that students will choose to begin acting out against authority through fashion statements.School uniforms seem to be an inappropriate response to a nonexistent problem. It is an unnecessary exertion of power by administrators who don't know how to properly exercise authority. Let's take a moment to consider a hypothetical school district that is overwhelmed by student discipline problems. Would the institution of school uniforms be an appropriate response in that case? I would argue in the negative. Uniforms, by themselves, would in no way prevent students from expressing themselves or their views. Improper and unpopular behavior will not be stifled by a school uniform. It may actually make the situation worse, as resentment over the mandatory clothing would likely be great.School uniforms obviously interfere with students' right to self-expression—a right that should be protected in the public school system. In addition, mandating that all students wear identical (and unattractive) outfits enforces the message that conformity is the preferred method to prevent or resolve conflict. This is certainly not an appropriate message for our schools to be sending to children.41. This style of writing would best be described as _______.A. expositoryB. descriptiveC. narrativeD. argumentative42. Of the following, which is the most likely place you would find this article?A. Newspaper editorial.B. Academic journal.C. Fashion blog.D. Education magazine.43. According to the author, which is NOT the reason why school uniforms are a bad idea?A. They are a violation of students' rights.B. There is no justification for their use in the local district.C. They are expensive and many students can't afford them.D. They don't adequately address the problem they are intended to solve.44. In which paragraph does the author use a metaphor to describe school administrators?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.45. Based on this passage, it seems likely that the author would never _____ the use of schooluniforms.A. suspendB. dictateC. empowerD. condone新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 4 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙pathetic∙superficial∙indispensable∙overseas∙notify∙deceive∙align∙marital∙compatible∙compile1.Your answer Correct answermarital marital2.Your answer Correct answeroverseas overseas3.Your answer Correct answeralign align4.Your answer Correct answercompile compile5.We can't afford to lose Thomas—Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6.Your answer Correct answersuperficial superficial7.she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8.Your answer Correct answerpathetic pathetic9.Your answer Correct answernotify notify10.change.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleSection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11. Don't trust my brother, he's _____ to do or say anything.a. libelb. unreliablec. reliabled. liable12. If you become a member, you'll have access to _____ deals and offers.a. inclusiveb. exclusivec. reclusived. elusive13. I can teach any type of math, but I _____ in geometry.a. specialb. specialtyc. especiallyd. specialize14. Winning the lottery is possible, but it's certainly not _____.a. probablyb. probablec. probabilityd. probabilistic15. We've been with the same bank for years, and I've never had a _____ about their service.a. complaintb. publicityc. restraintd. vanity16. I want to wait until the stock market begins to _____ before I invest; it's just too volatile right now.a. declineb. stabilizec. increased. neutralize17. That actress is best known for her _____ laugh—it's like no other.a. familiarb. ordinaryc. distinctived. renowned18. Schoolchildren are usually taught the importance of their national _____ very early.a. weatherb. downturnc. savingsd. heritage19. It simply makes good _____ sense to save money for retirement.a. economicalb. economicsc. economistd. economy20. After discussing the situation, Carlos and I came to a(n) _____ agreement with which we wereboth satisfied.a. communalb. independentc. mutuald. dualSection C: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerdown down22.Your answer Correct answerout out23.Your answer Correct answerfrom from24.of what he could offer.Your answer Correct answerout out25.really need.Your answer Correct answeron on26.Your answer Correct answerin in27.who you know, not what you know.Your answer Correct answerdown down28.Your answer Correct answerby by29. After many profitable years, the economic downturn ultimately forced the companyYour answer Correct answerinto into30.Your answer Correct answerup upPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Money. Some people think it's the root of all evil and the source of everythingand can't get enough. The truth, as always, is somewhere in between.It's true that money (or the lack of it) can havethemselves inalso true that money can easily lead to uncontrollablesimply can't get enough. Many of these people will lead similarly unfulfilling lives.The people who command true respect and of whom we should bethose who have successfully found the middle ground. Humans are nottoward poverty or wealth. Instead, weIndeed, most people desperatelythan what we realistically need is simplyYour answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirable desirable(33) devastating devastating(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturally naturally(39) yearn yearn(40) unrealistic unrealisticPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Though we may not like to admit it, dishonesty is all too prevalent in the world. There have always been and will always be people who lie, cheat, or steal to get what they want. Dishonesty has many faces. Some of them are obvious, and some are more clandestine. Producing counterfeit products—products that are not the genuine article—is one of the more widespread forms of dishonesty. The practice affects almost every industry in every country of the world.Official currency is not immune to this problem. Indeed, counterfeit banknotes have been a problem for nearly as long as people have used money. Many governments (who print and regulate national currencies) have fought back by creating banknotes that are incredibly difficult to copy. High-tech security features are embedded within the money to identify the note as legal and genuine. Modern banknotes are not merely slips of paper; they are essentially sophisticated pieces of technology!In most countries of the world, the printing and issue of banknotes is handled exclusively by the government or a government-owned bank. In the United Kingdom, however, there are seven retail banks, in addition to the central Bank of England, that are authorized to print their own banknotes. These seven banks are located in, and print currency unique to, Scotland and Northern Ireland.Founded in 1694, the Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom, and it primarily serves England and Wales. For nearly 300 years, the Bank of England has been issuing banknotes, and for nearly 300 years, counterfeit notes have been a problem. In response to this ongoing threat, the following security features have been developed.∙Banknotes are printed on special paper that is highly durable and has a unique feel.∙Raised lettering is used throughout the notes, particularly on the words Bank of England.∙ A metallic thread weaves through every note. It looks like a broken line across the note, but if you hold it up to the light, it appears as a continuous dark line.∙There is a watermark of the Queen that is visible when held up to the light.∙Every note has a 3D hologram design that alternates between the value of the note and an image of Britannia.∙If the note is placed under an ultra-violet light, the number (5, 10, 20, or 50. will appear as bright red and green.∙Microlettering beneath the Queen's portrait is only visible with a magnifying glass.The Bank of England prints notes in denominations of £5, £10, £20, and £50. The above security features are common to all four values. £20 and £50 banknotes have additional features that make them even more difficult to counterfeit.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4 useful expressions Unit1-5
More
Active reading 2: Resources
Useful expressions
10.热情的推荐
10. the passionate recommendation
11.扼杀人类基本的冲动 12.尽力分享
11. throttle the basic impulse of human beings
23. forego this extra pleasure or enlightenment
More
Active reading 2: Resources
Useful expressions
24.抑制自己的冲动
24. resist one’s impulse
25.整个文学库藏
25. the whole storehouse of literature
30.一个行动家、冒险家和 探险家
31.文学界的凯撒大帝
30. a man of action, an adventurer and explorer
31. the Julius Caesar of literature
Useful expressions
1.依我看 2.赞美、吹嘘 3.不停地唠叨 4.安宁的生活
1. if you ask me 2. cracked up 3. bang on about 4. sheltered life
5.无论我多么··· 6.拿走，割掉一些走
7.突然、出乎意料 8.更不用说 9.看中了，瞄上了
23.分水岭
24. 恰当的 25. 一定 26. 限制
23. cutoff point
24. strike the right note 25. by all means 26. put limits on
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-6Unit 1Active reading (2)8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in usetry as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just d oesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I t hink we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-7)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-7Unit 1 Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general,vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, a nd all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语第二版综合教程4课后翻译
Unit 1英译汉Google has spent years analyzing who succeeds at the company. They have moved away from a focus on GPAs, brand-name schools, and interview brain teasers (智力测验题). Google's Senior Vice President of People Operations, Laszlo Bock, suggests that credentials are no longer sufficient for success. Bock points out that graduates of top schools can lack intellectual humility and that succeeding in academia isn't always a sign of being able to do a job. Successful bright young graduates rarely experience failure, and they find that their academic careers have not prepared them to fail gracefully in the real world. Google recognizes the importance of intellectual humility in its applicants. The company looks for the ability to step back and embrace other people's ideas when those ideas are better. Bock says the No. 1 thing he is looking for is general cognitive ability. It is learning ability. It is the ability to process information on the fly.谷歌公司就什么人能在该公司取得成功这个问题做了多年的研究，研究关注的焦点不再是绩点、名牌大学、面试智力测验题。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
Unit 15 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But(2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The(6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business h as done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think tel ling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honestyLanguage in usetry as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to f ill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying. Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work. Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until t omorrow. Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow. Unit 2Active reading (1)5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.When I lived in Britain, one of my favourite radio programmes was called “Desert Island Discs”. Theformat was always the same: Guest celebrities were asked to imagine they had been washed ashore on adesert island, and had to choose nine books – (1) excluding the Bible and Shakespeare, which they werealready provided with – to take with them to the island, to help them (2) withstand the physical and mentalisolation. I sometimes like to think which books I would take. (3) Normally, like most people, I don’thave much time for reading, and I could (4) cite dozens of books which I have never read but which Iwould like to. It’s an opportunity I have (5) awaited all my life, in fact. But what would I choose? Mostlynovels, probably, but I wouldn’t (6) neglect to include a volume or two of poetry. My first choice, I think,woul d be Tolstoy’s War and Peace. I’ve never read it, but I’m ready to believe that it is one of the mostmarvelous books ever written.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 In a good novel, the writer and reader communicate with each other. (interact)2 I have to face up to the problem sooner or later. (confront)3 I read the book in one sitting and Mary did too. (likewise)4 E. M. Forster was one of the most important and respected British novelists of the 20th century.(influential)5 Do you believe that a work of literature can actually lead to social changes? (induce)6 Robert Burns was a great poet who wrote in the language variety spoken in Scotland. (dialect)7 The Time Traveller’s Wife is the story of a man who has a strange and inexplicable genetic disorder.(mysterious)4 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.A Professor Ridgeway, you’ve just written a biography of the poet Shelley, who (1) drowned off the coast of Italy in 1822 in a sailing accident. As you remind us in the introduction, people’s lives have been(2) enriched by poetry for thousands of years. What (3) recommendation could you make to a young poet who is just beginning their career?B That they should always (4) strive to be themselves, and not to worry about (5) originality. Once they’ve found their own voice, it will be original in its own way, because everyone is unique.A So you don’t believe in the (6) classifications which label poets as “romantic” or “modernist” and so on?B I do, but they have limited value.A What do you think is the main (7) obstacle facing young poets today?B I think it is to accept that you cannot be productive all the time. A poet’s mind is never (8) idle and waiting for the right moment is part of the creative process. All other problems are relative, and can be (9) tackled when you get to them. Language in useword formation: -ousinfinitive / gerund as the subject of a sentence2 Complete the sentences using infinitive or gerund as the subject. Usually both forms are possible, but you should be able to justify your choice.1 Getting up early in the morning gives me more time to organize the day.(To express an everyday activity)2 To write a best-seller has always been my dream.(This is a bit more abstract or a far-away grand idea)3 Forgetting to take back a library book may not seem serious, but it causes problems for other students.(To express a normal activity for many people)4 To spend a lot of time reading in one’s c hildhood can bring rewards later in life. (Use the more abstract form for an important idea)5 To be or not to b e, that is the question.(In Shakespeare this can be interpreted as a grand idea, so he uses the formal way; if you say, ‘Being or not being…’ i s may be more immediate and seems normal – but in Hamlet the situation is not normal)such is / are …3 Rewrite the sentences using such is / are …1 Good writing is so powerful that the reader thinks the writer is speaking directly to them.The reader thinks the writer is speaking directly to them. Such is the power of good writing.2 The novel Salmon Fishing in the Yemen is so charming that you can’t put it down even for a moment.You can’t put Salmon Fishing in the Yemen down even for a moment. Such is t he charm of the novel.3 Travel is such a pleasure that you may end up living in another country.You may end up living in another country. Such is the pleasure of travel.4 The sense of confusion in this film is so great that you may feel you want to leave before the end.You may feel you want to leave before the end. Such is the sense of confusion in this film.5 The difficulties of translation are so enormous that much of the meaning is lost. Much of the meaning is lost. Such is the enormity of the difficulties of translation. if / whether it be …4 Rewrite the sentences using if / whether it be …1 Is it the right time to start this kind of project? Ask yourself carefully.Ask yourself carefully whether it be the right time to start this kind of project.2 Is it the first edition of Dr Johnson’s Dictionary? I very much doubt it.I very much doubt if this be the first edition of Dr Johnson’s Dictionary.3 Is it common knowledge that Arthur Miller thought like this? I’m not sure.I am not sure if it be common knowledge that Arthur Miller thought like this.4 Is it necessary to produce any documents when making an application? Perhaps we should inquire.Perhaps we should inquire whether it be necessary to produce any documents when making anapplication.5 Is it the right way to tackle the problem? I doubt it.I doubt if it be the right way to tackle the problem.Unit 35 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.At a time of global (1) crisis, when stock markets are falling across the world, we should never(2) underestimate the ability of fashion designers to surprise us by bringing sunshine into people’s lives, and avoiding the (3) predominant trend of gloom and pessimism. This is certainly true of the fashion industry in Brazil. In 2009, when the effects of the financial situation were (4) visible almost everywhere, top designers launched a (5) daring new collection combining high hemlines, low necklines, and lots of colour. As one commentator wrote, “You can call it a (6) courageous decision if you like, but it’s also a question of Brazilians doing what comes naturally to them.”6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 If we don’t act soon, the situation will get worse. (deteriorate)2 I’m afraid my trousers got torn when I tried to climb over that fence. (ripped)3 You need thick pieces of material on your knees and elbows if you go rollerblading. (pads)4 Access to the show is limited to journalists with press passes. (restricted)5 The Dow Jones list of stocks and shares fell another 40 points yesterday. (index)6 That was the most worrying piece of news I’d heard in a long time. (unsettling) 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.1 To celebrate our engagement we had dinner in the best restaurant in Paris.2 The lamp was suspended from an iron hook in the middle of the ceiling.3 Someone needs to think about the disposal of all these waste products.4 I’ve been asked to preside at next week’s meeting of the recycling committee.5 The luminous object on the table turned out to be made of diamond.6 I could spend hours here, just watching the seagulls flying past and the tides coming in and going out.7 When she walked into the restaurant she was wearing an absolutely stunning diamond necklace.8 The President is likely to propose a stimulus plan that he believes will help revive the US economy.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words.1 I had a period of time as a volunteer before getting a job in the jewellery trade. (stint)2 You shouldn’t just throw that rubbish into the river! (chuck)3 It’s sheer stupid and careless behaviour to go on using up the earth’s resources as we are doing.(negligence)4 I looked carefully at the horizon, but couldn’t see anyone coming towards me. (scoured)5 I think the accident was due to the driver’s lack of care. (folly)6 The removal of minerals from the earth is usually an expensive and dangerous task. (extraction)7 The red kite is one of the most rarely seen birds in the country. (elusive) Language in useword formation: over –2 Replace the underlined words with verbs beginning with over- . You may need to make other changes.1 I think you have made too big an estimate for the cost of the wedding. (overestimated)2 They charged me too much money for that ring! (overcharged)3 I slept too much last night and missed the flight to London. (overslept)4 The flowers in her garden had grown everywhere. (overgrown)5 It’s difficult to emphasiz e too greatly the importance of the fashion industry. (overemphasize)6 I’ve got indigestion. I’ve eaten too much. (overeaten)see3 Rewrite the sentences using see .1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.1987 saw a major stock market crash.2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets. The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.5 There was great technological change during our grandparents’ generation.Our grandparents’ generation saw a great technological change.5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.If you’re going to study in the UK, a bank account is (1) indispensible. That’s because for (2) transactions involving large sums of money you need to pay by bank transfer, or by cheque. It’s (3) fairly obvious you can’t carry large amounts of cash around with you all the time. So you need to choose a bank. And that’s not easy, because these days you hear more (4) complaints than appreciation of the services they provide. They all spend a lot of money on (5) publicity trying to attract students, whom they see as an investment for their own future. Some of them offer (6) exclusive free gifts like designer T-shirts or stylish pens to secure your custom. But don’t be (7) deceived by these offers. A (8) contented customer is someone who knows they can rely on their bank to (9) notify them when conditions change, and not to (10) omit to tell them when interest rates on overdrafts or credit card repayments have been increased.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 My car is very inexpensive to run – it uses LPG instead of petrol. (economical)2 When I saw Brian in his new sports car I felt a bit unhappy that he had something which I didn’t have.(jealous)3 Our relationship is not serious or deep; we just say hello to each other when we meet, and that’s it.(superficial)4 You’re likely to have a lot of repayments to make if you go on spending like that. (liable)5 I like this coffee. It has a rather different and easy-to-recognize taste. (distinctive)6 We have exchanged a number of letters about the best way to pay back the debt. (correspondence)7 The important thing is to exercise some self-control when using a credit card. (restraint)8 It reminds me of that lovely story about the evil giant who turns out to be afraid of his own shadow.(delightful; wicked)6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.1 Ken Hu is now an executive in a company which specializes in giving advice to private investors.2 Although the programme was compatible with my computer, the instructions were written in code, so I was unable to understand anything.3 It is obviously an asset to a marriage if each spouse has a sensible attitude towards money.4 Let’s try to create a more prosperous future by planning ahead and agreeing on mutual goals.5 We are intimate friends, but I don’t know how many savings they have in the bank. Language in use2 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs you formed in Activity 1.1 I’m afraid I can’t cash this for you, it hasn’t been signed.2 Did you expect them to gift you the computer instead of getting you to pay for it?3 After the match they bussed us all home.4 I will text you as soon as I get to the station.5 She handed me a copy of the report before the start of the meeting.6 I advise you to bank all that money lying on your desk.7 I’m exhausted. I’ve spent the whole of this week partying and having a good time. prone / liable / subject + to3 Rewrite the sentences using prone / liable / subject + to .More than one choice is possible here, depending on how you understand a likely context. After all, they are similar in use and meaning but different choices are highly likely in certain contexts.1 The train is often delayed on Sunday evenings.The train is liable to delays on Sunday evenings. (There are staffing problems at weekends, especially on Sunday evenings.) T he train is subject to delays on Sunday evenings. (There are particular regulations about Sunday travel.)2 Zak is a child who often has accidents.Zak is a child who is prone to accidents. (They are not his fault, he just seems accident-prone.)Zak is liable to have accidents. (He is careless and just doesn’t listen to advice about safety.)3 She frequently gets headaches.She is prone to headaches. (She will see a doctor to see if there is a medical reason but we don’t know the cause yet.) She is liable to get headaches. (Because those young children next door make so much noise.)4 The loan requires a check on your financial situation.The loan is subject to a check on your financial situation. (This is a legal requirement or a company regulation.)5 Joe is a person who often arrives late.Joe is liable to arrive late. (That’s Joe for you; you k now him – never even tries to arrive on time!)Joe is prone to arrive late. (He lives near the river and the road is often flooded during this season so he may have to go by another route which takes much longer.)6 She may well break the rules in order to get what she wants.S he is liable to break the rules to get what she wants. (She doesn’t care about rules and she is rather selfish and ambitious.)collocations5 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the collocation box. Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.1 We were pushed out of the market by the tough competition.2 All he really wants is a steady job to provide him with a regular income.3 You made a smart decision when you left that company.4 He’s been having a rather tough time lately, since he lost his job.5 We use smart technology throughout the building. Everything is controlled by a central computer.6 You’ve made a really valuable contribution to our organization, and we will miss you.7 She gave me the most valuable advice about investments that I have ever had.8 There is a dress code in most banks, and you will be expected to wear smart clothes.9 Theirs is a very steady relationship. I expect they’ll get married quite soon.6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.When Simona Ventura became the host of the Italian TV soccer programme, a lot of people (1) sniffedat the decision. What could a woman do in such a (2) decidedly male-dominated world? They argued.But the (3) motive behind the choice of Simona as the new presenter soon became apparent. Ratherthan change to fit the programme – there is nothing (4) masculine about her – she created a new, moremodern show, the (5) principal aim of which is to entertain the whole family. The old style, lengthy and rather technical analyses of football matches, has been replaced by a lively TV programme, which is (6) animated by guest celebrities, dancers and singers, as well as extracts from the day’s top matches.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words. You may need to make other changes.1 Cultural and intellectual programmes tend to be broadcast very late in the evening. (highbrow)2 At the beginning I was very shy, but I soon got to know everyone and made friends. (initially)3 The course I enjoyed most when I was studying linguistics was the one on the relationship betweenwords and meanings. (semantics)4 To find out more about English as a world language, we need reliable people who are able to giveinformation. (informants)5 She sent me a bunch of roses when I got the job, and I did the same when she got promoted.(reciprocated)6 For some men there is still a feeling of embarrassment and unease about taking orders from a femalesuperior. (stigma)7 After the goal was disallowed, most of the words I could hear were swear words. (expletives)8 You can’t speak like that to someone you don’t know. It’s a matter of rules of social behaviour. (etiquette)9 Only after a very careful and time-consuming editing will this book be ready for publication.(exhaustive)6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.1 Melanie got to her feet and made a eloquent defence of the rights of women in the workplace.2 There are a number of words in English, such as people, which although technically in the singular form, in actual fact denote a plural meaning.3 The dark suit is a staple of the businessman’s wardrobe, and I presume it will remain so for a long time.4 The hostile reception he got at the meeting is likely to undermine all the work that has been done recently to improve relations between staff and management.5 Jason suffered multiple injuries in the accident, and we didn’t want to entrust an inexperienced surgeon with the operation.6 I think that most world leaders in the next century will be women, but don’t quote me on that.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words. You may need to make other changes.1 Don’t forget to put on a bit of lipstick and mascara before you go out. (make-up)2 The candidate displayed a lack of seriousness which we felt was not appropriate to the position he was applying for. (frivolousness)3 I need to check my free dates in March before I can confirm whether I shall be able to attend the conference. (availability)4 He has an attractive smile which people find hard to resist. (alluring)5 This list of participants needs to be put into alphabetical order. (alphabetized)6 The first person officially suggested as general secretary had to withdraw due to ill health. (nominee)7 After the first remarks offering congratulations the atmosphere at the prize-giving ceremony turned sour. (congratulatory)8 The speaker made a comment which I found unfriendly and which meant the opposite of what he really meant. (sarcastic)Language in usesay + something / nothing / a lot etc about1 Rewrite the sentences using say + something / nothing / a lot etc about .1 The boots she wears give a lot of information about her.The boots she wears say a lot about her.2 The way he talks about other people gives an indication of his personality.The way he talks about other people says something about his personality.3 The way she behaves doesn’t give any indication of her previous career.The way she behaves says nothing about her previous career.4 This statement is very revealing about the organization’s attitude to women. This statement says a lot about the organization’s attitude to women.5 This type of task gives some idea about the structure of the final examination. This type of task says something about the structure of the final examination.on + gerund2 Rewrite the sentences using on + gerund.1 When they checked the figures again, they realized there had been a mistake.On checking the figures again, they realized there had been a mistake.2 When she was asked, she said she would like to be known by her first name.On being asked, she said she would like to be known by her first name.3 When we investigated more completely, we made an important discovery.On investigating more completely, we made an important discovery.4 When they heard the news, most people reacted with offers to help.On hearing the news, most people reacted with offers to help.5 When people are accused of a crime t hey haven’t committed, most of them don’t know how to react.On being accused of a crime they haven’t committed, most people don’t know how to react.6 Complete the sentences with the collocations in Activity 5.1 Both of us have rather conservative tastes, so we’re unlikely to buy modern furniture.2 I’m afraid these bonds are worth a lot less than their face value.3 It’s not easy to find the correct tone in which to speak to new customers.4 I like wearing bright colours; I think they reflect my outgoing personality.5 Yesterday’s lecture was on such a highbrow subject that I couldn’t get interested.6 Why do they put such heavy make-up on people in television studios?7 The popular belief that men don’t cry is nonsense.7 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 6. Churchill believed that he was (1) destined to lead his country. He fought as a soldier in World War Iand led the country to victory in World War II. It seems ironic that a leader of such (2) renown as Churchill could not count on the (3) loyalty of voters in 1945. However, in a (4) democratic country, electors cannot be (5) bullied,and he had to (6)tolerate political defeat after military victory, and went once more to his country (7) retreat, Chartwell.8 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.可编辑1 His achievements were so great that they can never be bettered. (surpassed)2 The situation can only get worse; it will never improve. (degenerate)3 Although he was a rich man, his clothes were of poor quality and in bad condition. (shabby)4 He exchanged his position as a general for that of an ordinary soldier. (swapped)5 At the beginning of World War II the King turned to Churchill to lead the country. (onset)6 Churchill drank a lot of alcohol. (liquor)7 Churchill wanted to do something to show he was sorry for his mistake at the battle of Gallipoli. (make amends)Language in usethanks to …1 Rewrite the sentences using thanks to …1 Because of Churchill’s leadership and example, we showed courage and determination. Thanks to Churchill’s leadership and example, we showed courage and determination.2 Because of their loyalty to king and country, young Winston was brought up to serve the UK.Thanks to their loyalty to king and country, young Winston was brought up to serve the UK.3 At school he was bullied because of his lisp, stammer and ill-health.At school he was bullied thanks to his lisp, stammer and ill-health.4 Because of his dispatches from the Boer War, he returned to England as a hero. Thanks to his dispatches from the Boer War, he returned to England as a hero.5 Because of school holidays playing in Blenheim Palace, he had always wanted to bea general.Thanks to school holidays playing in Blenheim Palace, he had always wanted to be a general.6 He lost his job as First Lord of the Admiralty because of the disaster at Gallipoli. He lost his job as First Lord of the Admiralty thanks to the disaster at Gallipoli.7 Because of his wife Clementine, he managed to control his depression.Thanks to his wife Clementine, he managed to control his depression.8 Because of his prediction about Germany, King George VI invited him to form a government.Thanks to his prediction about Germany, King George VI invited him to form a government..精品文档，欢迎下载。
新标准大学英语综合教程4-unit2
Unit 2Active reading (1)Danger! Books may change your lifeCulture pointsLewis Carroll (1832–1898) is the pen-name of Charles Dodgson. He was a priest, a mathematician whotaught at Oxford University, a photographer, humorist and writer of children’s l iterature. Alice’s Adventuresin Wonderland (1865) was immediately successful, a masterpiece which revolutionized children’s literature,giving coherence and logic through wit and humour to unlikely or impossible episodes in which imaginarycreatures embody recognizable human characteristics. He is also known for Through the Looking Glass andwhat Alice found there (1871) and nonsense poems, such as The Hunting of the Snark (1876).William Cowper (1731–1800): a notable English poet, writer of hymns and letter-writer. He wrote gentle,pious, direct poems about everyday rural life and scenes of the countryside which have been seen asforerunners of the Romantic movement: Coleridge called Cowper “the best modern poet”. He translatedHomer’s Greek epics. The Odyssey and The Iliad into English. Another example of his verses which havebecome common sayings is “God moves in mysterious ways, His wonders to perform…”John Steinbeck (1902–1968): American novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962.The Grapes of Wrath (1939) is a well-known, long tragic novel about an American family of farmers who aredriven off their land in Oklahoma by soil erosion in the famous “dust bowl” era. They flee to California towhat they hope will be a better life. The book won the Pulitzer Prize and was made into a film in 1940. Otherwell-known novels include Of Mice and Men (1937), Cannery Row (1945), The Pearl (1947), East of Eden(1952) and an account of a personal rediscovery of America, Travels with Charlie (1962).John Irving (1942– ): American novelist and screenwriter who taught English at college and was a wrestlingcoach. The Fourth Hand (2001) is a comic-satirical novel about a TV journalist, Wallington, whose hand isseen by millions of viewers to be bitten off by a circus lion. A surgeon gives him a hand transplant (a thirdhand) but the wife of the dead donor wants to visit her husband’s hand and have a child by Wallington, whofeels where his original hand used to be (the fourth hand).Audrey Niffenegger (1963– ): American college professor who teaches writing to visual artists and showsstudents how to make books by hand. Her first novel, The Time Traveller’s Wife (2003) – filmed in 2009 – is ascience fiction and romance bestseller about a man who travels uncontrollably in time to his own history andvisits his wife in her childhood, youth and old age. His wife needs to cope with his absences and dangerouslife while he travels. The story is a metaphor for distance and miscommunication in failed relationships.Paul Torday (1946–): a British businessman who worked for a company that repaired ship’s engines formany years. Salmon Fishing in the Yemen (2007) was his first novel. It is a political satire and comedy abouta dull civil servant who becomes involved in a plan to populate the desert with Scottish salmon. Politiciansmanage the media to “spin” this as a plan they support in order to divert attention from problems in theMiddle East. There are themes of cynicism and belief, and East-West culture clashes.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1918–2008): a Russian writer who was imprisoned in Soviet labour camps in1945; after eight years, he was exiled to Kazakhstan and not freed until 1956, when he became a teacher.In 1970 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature but not receive it until 1974. He went to Germany,Switzerland and the USA, returning to Russia in 1994. His best known novels were based on his experiencesas a prisoner and include: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1962), Cancer Ward (1968), The GulagArchipelago (1974–1978). His later works were about Russian history and identity.Graham Greene (1904–1991): a British novelist, short-story writer, playwright, travel writer and essayist.He wrote a number of thrillers (he called them ‘entertainments’) whichdramatize an ambiguous moraldilemma, often revealing guilt, treachery, failure and a theme of pursuit. Greene was also a film critic andall of these novels have been made into films: Brighton Rock (1938), The Power and the Glory (1940),The Heart of the Matter (1948), The Third Man (1950), The Quiet American (1955), and Our Man inHavana (1958).E. M. Forster (1879–1970): a British novelist and writer of short stories and essays. He lived at differentperiods in Italy, Egypt and India and taught at Cambridge University. His best known novels include A Roomwith a View (1908), Howard’s End (1910), A Passage to India (1924) which have all been made into films.His writing about reading and writing includes a book of lectures, Aspects of the Novel (1927).Thomas Merton (1915–1968): an American Catholic writer, who was a Trappist monk in Kentucky. Hewrote over 70 books, including many essays about Buddhism and a translation into English of the Chineseclassic, Chuang Tse. He had a great deal to say about the meeting of Eastern and Western cultures and wrotemany letters to writers, poets, scholars and thinkers. He read a lot in English, Latin, French and Spanish andsaid he always had at least three books which he was reading at any one time.William Blake (1757–1827): a British poet, artist and mystic, who read widely in English, French, Italian,Latin, Greek and Hebrew. He made many engravings to illustrate the work of such writers as Virgil, Danteand Chaucer, as well as his own poems. He stressed that imagination was more important than rationalismand the materialism of the 18th century and criticized the effects of the industrial revolution in England, buthis work was largely disregarded by his peers. He is best known for his poetry in Songs of Innocence (1787)and Songs of Experience (1794). His belief in the oneness of all created things is shown in his much-quotedverse, “To see the world in a grain of sand / And a heaven in a flower, / Hold infinity in the palm of yourhand / And eternity in an hour.”Clifton Fadiman (1904–1999): an American writer, radio and TV broadcaster and editor of anthologies. Forover 50 years he was an editor and judge for the Book-of-the-Month Club.In 1960 he wrote a popular guideto great books for American readers, The Lifetime Reading Plan, which discusses 133 authors and their majorwork: the 1997 edition includes 9 authors from China.J. K. Rowling (1965–): British writer of the seven Harry Potter fantasy books. She studied French andClassics at Exeter University, before teaching English in Portugal and training to teach French in Scotland.The main idea about a school for wizards and the orphan Harry Potter came on a delayed train journeyfrom Manchester to London in 1990. She began to write as soon as she reached London. Twelve publishersrejected the first book before Bloomsbury, a small London publisher, agreed to publish it. Later books have repeatedly broken all the sales records (as have some of the films). She is one of the richest women in the UKand a notable supporter of many charities.Language points1 Variety’s the very spice of life, / That gives it all its flavour … (Para 2)Spices are made from plants and added to food to give it its particular flavour or taste. The English proverb“Variety is the spice of life” (the proverb comes from Cowper’s poem) therefore means that variety giveslife extra value and allows you to appreciate life in particular ways.2 We learn to look beyond our immediate surroundings to the horizon and a landscape far away fromhome. (Para 3)This means that through reading we learn to look beyond our immediate experience or familiarenvironment to things beyond our immediate experience, ie to completely different things that we canimagine and experience through books.3 W hen a baseball player hits a home run he hits the ball so hard and so far he’s able to run round thefour bases of the diamond, and score points not only for himself but for the other runners alreadyon a base. (Para 9)In the American game of baseball, the field of grass is diamond-shaped and has four bases (specific pointsmarked around the diamond), round which players must run to score points. One team bats (ie teammembers take turns to hit the ball and run round the bases) and the members of the other team throw (pitch)the ball and, when it is has been hit, try to catch it or get it quicklyto one of the four bases. If a battingplayer can hit the ball hard enough, he can run round all four bases before the other team can get the balland thus score maximum points –with a home run. In the passage, a really good book is a home run.3 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 Why are we like Alice in wonderland when we read a book?(a) Because, like Alice, we often have accidents.(b) Because reading makes us feel young again.(c) Because reading opens the door to new experiences.(d) Because books lead us into a dream world.2 According to the writer, what is the advantage of reading over real life?(a) There is more variety in books than in real life.(b) We can experience variety and difference without going out of the house.(c) The people we meet in a book are more interesting than real people.(d) It’s harder to make sense of real life than a book.3 What do the seven novels listed in Paragraph4 have in common?(a) Their titles stimulate imagination.(b) They represent the best writing by British and American novelists.(c) They have become classics.(d) You can find all of them in any local library.4 At what moment in our lives do books become important?(a) As soon as we start reading.(b) When we start buying books to fill our shelves at home.(c) When we start listening to bedtime stories.(d) Only when we are ready for books.5 What claim did Merton make about the poems of William Blake?(a) They were similar to the works of the Greek writers and thinkers.(b) They helped him understand the meaning of life.(c) They created a sense of confusion.(d) They taught him a lot about modern culture.6 What is meant by a home-run book?(a) A book which is so good you are unable to put it down.(b) A book that the whole family can enjoy.(c) A children’s book that is read and appreciated by adults.(d) A book that hits hard like a home run in the game of baseball. Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make someone feel that they do not belong to your group (exclude)2 to fail to do something that you should do (neglect)3 to mention something as an example (cite)4 to be strong enough not to be harmed or destroyed by something (withstand)5 in most situations or cases (normally)6 to be about to happen in the future (await)5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.When I lived in Britain, one of my favourite radio programmes was called “Desert Island Discs”. Theformat was always the same: Guest celebrities were asked to imagine they had been washed ashore on adesert island, and had to choose nine books – (1) excluding the Bible and Shakespeare, which they werealready provided with – to take with them to the island, to help them (2) withstand the physical and mentalisolation. I sometimes like to think which books I would take. (3) Normally, like most people, I don’thave much time for reading, and I could (4) cite dozens of books which I have never read but which Iwould like to. It’s an opportunity I have (5) awaited all my life, in fact. But what would I choose? Mostlynovels, probably, but I wouldn’t (6) neglect to include a volume or two of poetry. My first choice, I think,would be Tolstoy’s War and Peace. I’ve never read it, but I’m ready to believe that it is one of the mostmarvelous books ever written.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 In a good novel, the writer and reader communicate with each other. (interact)2 I have to face up to the problem sooner or later. (confront)3 I read the book in one sitting and Mary did too. (likewise)4 E. M. Forster was one of the most important and respected British novelists of the 20th century.(influential)5 Do you believe that a work of literature can actually lead to social changes? (induce)6 Robert Burns was a great poet who wrote in the language variety spoken in Scotland. (dialect)7 The Time Traveller’s Wife is the story of a man who has a strange and inexplicable genetic disorder.(mysterious)7 Answer the questions about the words.1 If you have had a disconcerting experience, do you feel a bit (a) tired, or (b) confused?2 If you have a vista of something, can you (a) see or imagine it, or (b) go and visit it?3 Would you express great wrath by (a) smiling at someone, or (b) shouting at them?4 If you feel enchanted by a book, do you (a) like it a lot, or (b) not like it at all?5 Is a writer who is supremely talented (a) very good, or (b) quite good at his job?6 If reading fosters an understanding of certain problems, does it (a) help understanding, or (b) prevent it?7 If you are desperately trying to get a job, are you (a) trying very hard to get it, or (b) caring littlewhether you get it or not?8 Is a sensation (a) a certainty, or (b) just a feeling?Reading and interpreting8 Check ( ) the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage.1 To show the reader how to read fiction.2 To suggest that fiction is more powerful than non-fiction.√ 3 To persuade the reader that reading can be a life-changing experience.4 To claim that books provide the meaning to life.5 To recommend some major novels to read.9 Work in pairs. Look at the statements from the passage and discuss the questions.1 … when we pick up a book we are about to enter a new world.Do you agree with this statement? Is this true of every book?I agree with this up to a point, but it is not true of every book because with some books you mayalready be very familiar with the world of those particular books so although you might read them, theywouldn’t take you to a new world.2 We’ll have experiences which are new, sometimes disconcerting, maybe deeply attractive, possiblyunpleasant or painful, but never less than liberating from the real world we comefrom.How can reading be a “painful” experience? In what sense does reading “liberate” us from the realworld?It is easy to imagine how reading could be a painful experience for some people: It depends on the bookand on the reader’s background and personality. For instance, I can see that a story about bullying, mightbe painful to read if you were bullied when you were a child – it would remind you of the experience ofbeing hurt.Reading can liberate us because in books we can have all sorts of wonderful and interesting experienceswhich would be impossible for us in the real world: we can travel to distant places or go anywhere intime, we can meet all sorts of people we probably wouldn’t meet anywhere else except in books.3 Reading books allows us to enjoy and celebrate this variety and difference in safety, and provides uswith an opportunity to grow.How does this idea contrast with the title of the passage? In what way can a book help us “grow”?The word “Danger” in the title contrasts with this idea that reading is a safe experience. However,this is not a contradiction because experiences that would be dangerous in real life are quite safewhen we read about them in books. The author seems to think that we grow in our minds with abetter understanding and enriched imagination when we meet a wide variety of people and differentsituations in books. This vicarious experience in reading is a safe way to grow mentally andemotionally.4 To interact with other people’s lives in the peace and quiet of our homes is a privilege which onlyreading fiction can afford us.Do you agree? Is fiction really different from other types of writing? Well, I think this is true because in fiction we do interact with the characters, both positively (withcharacters we can identify with) and negatively (with characters we do not like or admire). Butthis doesn’t mean that we don’t interact with the writer in non-fiction. Surely all of us have theexperience of feeling that we do interact with writers in newspaper ormagazine articles and insome kinds of non-fiction which may be about science, for example. I suppose it depends on thestyle of the writing and on the personality of the writer (and of characters in fiction) and on us, asreaders.5 We even understand … that we have more in common with other readers of books in other cultures thanwe might do with the first person we meet when we step out of our front doors.This suggests that people who read are different from people w ho don’t read. Do you agree?Well, I am not sure. I guess that people who read similar books, fiction or non-fiction, would share somecommon knowledge, experience and maybe feelings and they would probably talk about these whenthey know about each other’s reading habits. Of course, they wouldn’t necessarily have other things incommon, just this particular connection with a certain kind of culture through reading. Maybe people inthe street do not have to share this reading experience, so in that respect they are different, but they maybe quite similar and share many cultural experiences in other ways –after all they live in the same place,probably speak the same language. So, I think it’s all a question of what sort of common experiencesyou are talking about. The more I think about it, the less I agree!6 From the bedtime story read by a parent to their child all the way through to the sitting room lined withbooks in our adult homes, books define our lives.What do you understand by “books define our lives”?I suppose they would be those books – not many, surely? – which have made a great impact and remainso strong in our memories that do have a function of defining something in our lives. However, I thinkthe author has exaggerated here. Books are not the only things that define our lives. People, placesand special events define our lives too, so books are only one part which for some people have a greatinfluence but for others maybe very little or none at all. We have to remember that some people simplydon’t read books. Even some students only read what they have to read, nothing more than that!7 We cannot withstand the hunger to visit another world, to meet different people, to live other lives andto reflect on ourselves.Do you agree that we “live other lives” when reading? Or is this an exaggeration?I agree that we have strong imaginative experiences when we read. Maybe you can call this “livingother lives” sometimes, but for me, anyway, this simply doesn’t happen very often and when it doeshappen it is only for a short time. I think the writer is exaggerating here to make the point that readinghas importance in our imagination.8 Books may change your life.Is this a suitable title –and ending – for the passage? Why / Why not? Yes, I think it OK as a catchy title –it gets our attention, after all, and repeating it at the end makes akind of coda like the ending of a piece of music which echoes something near the beginning. Also ifyou look carefully, it does have a note of caution by using “maybe” instead of “will”, so this title isn’t adefinite promise, it’s more of an attractive idea, that your life may be changed through books, but mightnot be.Now discuss which of the above statements would have been more effective if backed up byexample(s).In fact, it seems that any of them could effectively be illustrated by examples, but if all of them wereto be backed up with examples, the whole passage would be a lot longer and maybe too heavy withexamples.If I had to choose just two statements which need supporting examples, I would say numbers three andsix because I’d say the ideas about ‘growing’ through books and books ‘defining’ our lives are too vaguewithout examples.Active reading (2)They were alive and they spoke to meBackground informationThis is from The Books in My Life by Henry Miller (1861–1980), an American novelist, writer and painter.Miller was born in New York, lived in Paris 1930–1939, and then inCalifornia. His best-known works blendfiction, autobiography, social criticism and mysticism: Tropic of Cancer (1934 published in France) describeshis life and loves in Paris and because of its sexual frankness it was not published in the USA till 1961;Black Spring (1936) has ten autobiographical stories; Tropic of Capricorn (1939) is about his years with theWestern Union Telegraph Company; The Colossus of Maroussi (1941), considered by some critics to be hisbest work, is a travel book about people from his stay in Greece.In The Books in My Life (1969) Miller looks at 100 books that influenced him. His list includes children’sbooks written originally for adults (eg Alice in Wonderland, The Arabian Nights, Greek Myths and Legends,Robinson Crusoe, The Three Musketeers); many French novels and poetry (eg by Balzac, Hugo, Giono,Nerval, Proust, Rimbaud, Huysmans, Maeterlinck), German novels (by Mann, Hesse, Dreiser) and theChinese Lao Tse and Fenollosa’s The Chinese Written Character as a Medium for Poetry, besides workby American writers (Twain, Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman), Dostoievshy, Nietzsche, Joyce and writers onspiritual topics.Culture pointsAugust Strindberg (1849–1912): A Swedish playwright and a prolific writer of novels, short stories,satires, essays and poems, and a photographer, who tried various jobs before becoming assistant librarianat the Royal Library in Stockholm and established an experimental theatre. He is best known for his plays,including The Father (1887) and Miss Julie (1888), and for his vitality, vigour, and brilliant use of language.Miller c ites Strindberg’s autobiographies, The Confession of a Fool (vol.2), a passionate love story andaccount of problems in his marriage, and The Inferno (vol.3), a study of his religious conversion, delusionsand neuroses which reflect Strindberg’s periods of mental instability. Blaise Cendrars (1887–1961) is the pen name of Frédéric Sauser, a Swiss-born French novelist, shortstorywriter, poet, and film-maker, who led a life of constant travel (he was born in an Italian railway train)doing various jobs in Russia, Europe, North and South America and Asia – he is said to have shoveled coalon steam trains in China. He lost his right arm fighting for France in World War I. His prose includes vivid,witty, action-packed novels, like Moravagine (1926), which describe travel and adventure, or works directlyinspired by his own experience, like The Astonished Man (1945) and The Cut Hand (1946), and four volumesof memoirs. Miller admired his work and lists ‘virtually the complete works’ of Cendrars as influentialreading.Rémy de Gourmont (1858–1915): a French writer of 50 books: essays, novels and poetry, with a stronginterest in medieval Latin literature; as a critic he was admired by T. S. Eliot. He was a librarian at theNational Library in Paris; later, a painful skin disease kept him largely at home. He was influential in thesymbolist movement in literature. He claimed that a work of art exists only through the emotion it gives us.He asserted the need to get away from the unquestioning acceptance of commonplace ideas and associationsof ideas, and believed it was necessary for thought to proceed by imagery rather than by ideas.Julius Caesar (110 BC–44 BC): a Roman statesman, known as a great military strategist. As a general hewas famous for the conquest of Gaul (modern France and Belgium) which he added to the Roman Empire.He also made two expeditions to Britain, was governor of Spain and traveled in North Africa and Egypt. Hewas a good speaker and he wrote several books of commentaries and memoirs on Roman wars and militarycampaigns. Caesar’s writing is often studied today by those who learn Latin.The Julius Caesar of literature: this phrase compares Cendrars with Caesar: both were men of action,travelers, adventurers, explorers, who somehow found time to read a lot and write books.Language points1 The fact, however, that in the past I did most of my work without the aid of library I look upon asan advantage rather than a disadvantage. (Para 1)This is irony. Miller is writing about the importance of reading and about key books in his life, but thereis a paradox: Only recently has he been able to get all the books he has wanted all his life (ie he nowhas money, as a best-selling writer, to buy books) and, as a writer, he wrote books without the help of alibrary. He says that not having books was an advantage. The explanation is probably that Miller’s earlywriting was a mixture of autobiography and fiction, so he didn’t need to read other books or refer tothem to do his own writing. The irony is that he is saying this in a book about the books the influencedhim.2 A good book lives through the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. (Para 3)Miller thinks that a good part of the ‘life’ of a book is how one reader recommends it to anotherwith enthusiasm, ie books are about sharing experience, not just the author’s experience in the bookand the reader’s experience of reading it, but also the experience of word-of-mouth or face-to-facerecommendation by other readers.3 And the better the man the more easily will he part with his most cherished possessions. (Para 4)This continues Miller’s thought that books are for sharing. A good person will share things he or sheloves. In this case, such a person will give or lend favourite books and such generosity makes friends:When you give books you get friendship.4 If you are honest with yourself you will discover that your stature has increased from the mereeffort of resisting your impulse. (Para 6)Miller’s argument here is that you should not r ead everything, but that you should choose very carefullyand selectively. This means you should resist the temptation to read some things which are not reallygoing to add to your knowledge or enjoyment (not every book will do this, only some). Here, he saysthat in this way, we grow (we “increase our stature”). That is, we grow by not reading many books.The implication is that if we choose the very best books and read these few really carefully we will getthe best from them – and grow by such selection. Miller discusses 100 books which he things are suchbooks.5 All on the side, as it were. (Para 7)Cendrars was a man of action who spent most of his time on travels and adventures. Surprisingly (youwould think he did not have time), he read a lot in different languages and even wrote many books –this was in addition to his main activities.6 For, if he is anything, Cendrars, he is a man of action, an adventurer and explorer, a man who hasknown how to “waste” his time royally. (Para 7)Cendrars had a huge reputation as a man of action, travelling, having adventures and exploring differentcountries and yet he read a lot (he knew how to use the little time available to read). “Waste” is in quotesto show irony (reading isn’t a waste of time), that he read s in a royal manner (ie very thoroughly). Thesentence structure here is quite French with the repetition of “he”. Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What does Miller consider to have been an advantage during his writing career?(a) To have been able to read all the books he wanted.(b) To have grown up in a room full of books.(c) To have written without the aid of a library.(d) The fact that he never wanted to own any books.2 What did three stars on a book mean in the public library in Miller’s youth?(a) Young people weren’t allowed to read them.(b) They were the most popular books in the library.(c) They were intended for children.(d) They were more exciting than one-star books.3 Why does Miller hope the star system still exists in public libraries?(a) It is an efficient system which works well.(b) It discourages people from reading inappropriate books.(c) It makes people interested in reading.(d) It makes it easier for people to recognize books.4 Why do peop le lend books, in Miller’s opinion?(a) Because they feel the need to share their feelings.(b) It’s the best way to make a friend.(c) It’s less risky than lending money.(d) Because it’s not possible to possess a book for ever.5 According to Miller, what should you do when you find a book you want to read?(a) Pick it up and start reading.(b) Ask a friend for advice about the book.(c) Think about whether you really need to read it.。
(完整版)新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案
应Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discour se marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the se ntences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I migh t to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserve s, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I thin k it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
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v. to cause something, esp. a mental or physical change
引起、导致
Identify the meaning about “induce”.
1. Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in
1.Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities.
2.We should foster capital investment in areas needing development.
同样，在这以后不久，由于他结婚，他又增加了一笔财富。
2. The stockholder bought shares in the company and advised his clients to do likewise .
股票经纪人购买了这家公司的股票，并且建议他的客户也照这样做。
3. Likewise , we’ve found that spending time on design provides more value to the product design process than testing.
法理解的。
mystical 指神秘主义的，理智无法理解、感官不能接触的精神现
实或含义的; 难以理解的，神秘的。
Match the phrases with correct words.
1. the _m__y_st_ic__a_l _ style of William Blake 威廉布莱克的神秘风格
the nervous system.
引起 v.
一些化学物质能在神经系统中引起一些不良变化。
2. One of the principal objects was to induce the enemy
to reinforce his Italian armies.
引诱 v.
在此行动中我们主要目的是引诱敌人增援意大利。
1. 所有事物都是互相联系又互相作用的。
All things are interrelated and interact with each other.
2. These trends will reshape the way the Chinese interact with the rest of the world over the next generation.
促进
1.Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities.
2.We should foster capital investment in areas needing development.
important
like the sun in the midsky 如日中天
Active reading 1: Resources
foster v.
v. To help sth. to develop over a period of time; promote
培养；鼓励；促进
Identify the meaning of “ foster” in different situations.
Mnd” to its translation.
• 经受住暴风雨的袭击 • 忍受艰苦 • 经受住这个世界的考验 • 经得住诱惑 • 耐得住高温 • 经得起张力/压力
➢withstand the lure/temptation ➢withstand hardships ➢withstand storm ➢withstand the rigours of the world ➢withstand strain/pressure ➢withstand heat/high temperature
1. interact with 2. peace and quiet 3. the very spice of life 4. have something in
common 5. seek out 6. be enchanted by 7. be stimulated by 8. be immersed in
研究工作通常包括初步验证。
2. 出席人数一般只包括实际登记参加会议的人。 Attendance figures normally include only the people who actually register for the convention.
Active reading 1: Resources
2. For me, standing before the temple door as the sun rose was a m__y_s_t_ic_a_l___experience.
旭日东升，我站在神殿门前，体验到油然而生的敬畏之情.
3. A _m__y_s_te_r_io_u__s _ light came from the deserted house.
Active reading 1: Resources
interact with
to communicate with one another, while performing an activity together 相互交流、互动
Translate the following sentences.
鼓励
培养
3. All these publicity and promotional events helped foster an innovation and technology culture in the community.
More
Active reading 1: Resources
废弃的房屋里亮起了神秘的灯光。
Active reading 1: Resources
normally adj.
adj. in most situations or cases 通常，按照惯例
Translate the following sentences.
1. Investigations normally take the form of a preliminary examination.
2. Graphic design(图案设计) plays an increasingly
influential part in societies dominated by mass media and susceptible(敏感的) to skillful packaging(装潢).
3. He is very influential.
类似地，我们发现将时间和金钱花费在产品设计进程中，比花费在测 试上会带来更多价值。
Active reading 1: Resources
withstand v.
v. to be strong enough not to be harmed or destroyed by something 承受住；对付
foster v.
Use the given words to reproduce the sentences we analyzed just now.
1. cultural exchange, foster, friendly relations, nations. 2. foster, capital investment, development 3. promotional events, foster, innovation, technology
Active reading 1: Resources
Words to note
New Words
1. mysterious 2. normally 3. induce 4. confront 5. influential 6. foster 7. likewise 8. withstand
Phrases
More
Active reading 1: Resources
influential adj.
Replace the underlined “influential” with other expressions.
1. An influential factor
critical/ important
3. All these publicity and promotional events helped foster an innovation and technology culture in the community.
Active reading 1: Resources
likewise adv.
有影响力的报纸
➢an influential newspaper
与有权势的政客交好
在倡导科学方法改革方面
更有影响的是弗朗西斯·
培根。
➢stand with an influential politician
➢More influential in urging a reform of the methods of science was Francis Bacon.
insuperable.
我们面临c的o困n难fro似n乎te是d不w可it克h服的. 2. When __________________the evidence of her guilt,