冠词的用法详细讲解

冠词的用法详解

英语中冠词分为定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an两种。冠词一般不单独使用，往往放在名词前面，表示不同的意义。

一：a 和an区别

A用于辅音前，an用于元音前。特别注意的是an用于元音因素（发音）而不是字母前。

1. 拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词

hour, honest, honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用an。可熟记下面这句话：

An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task. (一小时前，一位诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务。)

2. 拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词

useful, university, usual, European, united, one-eyed, one-way等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用a。可熟记下面这句话：

In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing. (在一所大学里，有一个欧洲人和一个独眼龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条单行道行走，这是件平常的事。)如：

Five years ago her brother was ________ university student of ________ physics. (上海卷) A. a; the B. an; the C. an; / D. a; /

【分析】答案选D。因为university是以辅音[j]开头的要用a，排除B和C；physics是学科名词，前面不用冠词。

3. 英文字母前用a还是用an的问题

在26个英文字母中，A [ei], e [i], f [ef], h [eitf] I [ai], l[el] m [em] , n [en] o [ou] r[a] s[es]x [eks]

等12个字母的读音是以元音开头的，因此前面要用an。其余字母则是以辅音开头的。如：

Please pay attention to your spelling. You have dropped ________ ”m”here. (全国卷) A. an B. the C. / D. a

There is a “u’,an ‘m’and a ‘p’in the word “jump:.

【分析】答案选A。因为字母m的发音是以元音[e]开头的，所以用an；这里的an的意义与one相当，表示“一个”。an NBA star 一个篮球明星an MIT student. 一个麻省理工的学生

二：不定冠词的用法

1：表示“一个”与“one ”相同

Rome wasn’t built in a day.

He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled.

2:与专有名词连用，表示“某一”。“一个叫----的人”。

The little boy wants to be a Le Feng.

A professor from Qinghua University will give us a lecture.

A Mr smith is waiting for you at the school gate.

3：表示“每一”相当于per，用于某些表示时间、重量、长度等的单位前。

500 dollars a day , four times a day , twice a day ,8 hours a day

We go swimming four times a week.

4: a +most 表示“非常”。

Though it is a most interesting book in these books ,it is not the most interesting one. This is a most troublesome case.

5: a+序数词，表示“再一”、“又一”

You can try it a second time if you fail

When I sat down a fifth man rose to speak.

6:a(n)+名词，作表语表职业。

He is a professor .

She is a engineer.

但是 He turned sailor after he grew up.= He became a sailor after he grew up

7：表示“同一”“相同”，等于“the same”

They are of an age.=They are of the same age.

Birds of a feather flock together

The two shirts are much of a size.

8:在感叹句中

What a splendid performance it is .

How serious a problem it is .

9:在so, as ,too ,how+形容词之后

He is so famous a poet that he is admired by others

It is as fine a day as I have ever spent,

It is too difficult a book for you to read .

He doesn’t know how precious a thing it is.

10:在half, many , quite ,rather 之后