采矿名词中英文解释(比较全)
采矿英语术语
abandoned drives [ə’bændənd］[draivs] 废巷道abrasion resistance ［ə’breiʒən] [ri'zistəns] 抗磨蚀能力abrasive ［ə'breisiv］磨料absorbent [əb'sɔ：bənt］吸收剂access ramp ［’ækses］[ræmp］出入沟，出入引道accessory minerals ［ək'sesəri］［’minərəls］副矿物accidental explosion [,æksi'dentəl］[ik’spləuʒən］意外爆炸Accumulated losses 累计亏损Acid Mine Drainage 矿山酸性废水Acidic run-off water from mine waste dumps and mill tailings ponds containing sulphide minerals. Also refers to ground water pumped to surface from mines.acid mine water ［'æsid］[main］[’wɔ：tə］酸性矿水acid resistant [’æsid] [ri'zistənt] 耐酸的acid rock ［'æsid] ［rɔk］酸性岩acidite ［'æsidait］酸性岩acidulation 酸化acquirer投资主体Acquisition premium 收购溢价activated charcoal ['æktiveitid］［'tʃɑ:kəul] 活性煤activator ［'æktiveitə］活化剂adamic earth [’ædəmik] [ə：θ］红粘土additive ［'æditiv］添加剂adhere [əd'hiə］粘着adhesion force ［əd'hi:ʒən］［fɔ:s] 粘附力Adit ［'ædit] 平硐An opening driven horizontally into the side of a mountain or hill for providing access to a mineral deposit。
采矿英语术语
abandoned drives [?'b?nd?nd] [draivs] 废巷道abrasion resistance [?'brei??n] [ri'zist?ns] 抗磨蚀能力abrasive [?'breisiv] 磨料absorbent [?b's?:b?nt] 吸收剂access ramp ['?kses] [r?mp] 出入沟，出入引道accessory minerals [?k'ses?ri] ['min?r?ls] 副矿物accidental explosion [,?ksi'dent?l] [ik'spl?u??n] 意外爆炸Accumulated losses 累计亏损Acid Mine Drainage 矿山酸性废水Acidic run-off water from mine waste dumps and mill tailings ponds containing sulphide minerals. Also refers to ground water pumped to surface from mines.acid mine water ['?sid] [main] ['w?:t?] 酸性矿水acid resistant ['?sid] [ri'zist?nt] 耐酸的acid rock ['?sid] [r?k] 酸性岩acidite ['?sidait] 酸性岩acidulation 酸化acquirer投资主体Acquisition premium 收购溢价activated charcoal ['?ktiveitid] ['t?ɑ:k?ul] 活性煤activator ['?ktiveit?] 活化剂adamic earth ['?d?mik] [?:θ] 红粘土additive ['?ditiv] 添加剂adhere [?d'hi?] 粘着adhesion force [?d'hi:??n] [f?:s] 粘附力Adit ['?dit] 平硐An opening driven horizontally into the side of a mountain or hill for providing access to a mineral deposit.adit collar ['?dit] ['k?l?] 平硐口adit cut mining ['?dit] [k?t] ['maini?] 平硐开采adjustable prop [?'d??st?bl] [pr?p] 伸缩式支柱Administration and Corporate expenses行政管理及公司费用Administrative expenses 管理费用adobe blasting [?'d?ubi] ['blɑ:sti?] 裸露装药爆破adobe shot [?'d?ubi] [??t] 裸露装药爆破advancement [?d'vɑ:nsm?nt, ?d'v?ns-] 掘进advancing along the strike [?d'vɑ:nsi?] [?'l??] [straik] 沿走向掘进Aeromagnetic survey 航磁测绘A geophysical survey using a magnetometer aboard, or towed behind, an aircraft. AFC-The armored face conveyor.工作面皮带输送机Used on the coal face of an underground mine to protect the workers and convey the coal to the crusherAgate ['?ɡ?t] 玛瑙Agglomerate [?'ɡl?m?r?t, -reit, ?'ɡl?m?reit] 集块岩aggregate thickness ['?ɡriɡ?t, '?ɡriɡeit] ['θiknis] 总厚度Agitation .搅动，搅拌In metallurgy, the act or state of being stirred or shaken mechanically, sometimes accomplished by the introduction of compressed air.Air Crossing- [ε?] ['kr?:si?] 气流交汇点A place where return air and fresh cross over but are still divided.air flow [ε?] [fl?u] 气流air intake [ε?] ['inteik] 进气口air vent [ε?] [vent] 气孔,排气口Airborne survey 航测A survey made from an aircraft to obtain photographs, or measure magnetic properties, radioactivity, etc.airleg [ε?] [leɡ] 气腿式钻机，风动钻架Alloy 合金A compound of two or more metals.Alluvium 冲积层；冲积土Relatively recent deposits of sedimentary material laid down in river beds, flood plains, lakes, or at the base of mountain slopes. (adj. alluvial).Alteration 蚀变Any physical or chemical change in a rock or mineral subsequent to its der and more localised than metamorphism.Alunite ['?ljunait] 明矾石anchor bolts 固定螺栓Ancillary Equipment [?k'ses?ri] [i'kwipm?nt] 辅助设备ANFO 氨油炸药Acronym for ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, a mixture used as a blasting agent in many mines. angle of dip ['??ɡl] [dip] 倾角anisotropic [?，nais?u'tr?pik] .各向异性的Anomaly 异常状态Any departure from the norm which may indicate the presence of mineralisation in the underlying bedrock.anthracite ['?nθr?sait] 无烟煤A hard, black coal containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile matter.anticline ['?ntiklain] 背斜An arch or fold in layers of rock shaped like the crest of a wave.anticlinorium [,?ntiklai'n?:ri?m] 复背斜asbestos [?z'best?s] 石棉asphalt ['?sf?lt] 沥青asphyxia [?s'fiksi?], suffocation [,s?f?'kei??n], gassing ['ɡ?si?] 窒息Assay 化验；分析；鉴定，测定A chemical test performed on a sample of ores or minerals to determine the amount of valuable metals contained.Assay Foot 化验尺度(metre, inch,centimetre)Assessment Work 例行评估工作The amount of work, specified by mining law that must be performed each year in order to retain legal control of mining claims.Asset classified as held for sale供出售资产associate bed [?'s?u?i,eitid] [bed] 伴生层attributable to the owners of the parent entity归属母公司的auger drill ['?:ɡ?] [dril] 螺旋钻auger mining ['?:ɡ?] ['maini?] 螺旋钻采矿法augite ['?:d?ait] 辉石autoclave ['?:t?kleiv]: 高压灭菌器a closed strong vessel for conducting chemical reactions under high pressure and temperature.Autogenous Grinding 自磨The process of grinding ore in a rotating cylinder using large pieces of the ore instead of conventional steel balls or rods.Back [b?k] 巷道顶部The back is the roof or overhead surface of an underground opening.back fill [b?k] [fil] : 采空区充填Waste material used to fill the void created by mining an orebodybackfill cure ['b?kfil] [kju?] 回填物凝固Backhoe [b?kh?u] 反铲挖土机Backwardation (证券)交割延期(费)。
采矿专业英语词汇.doc
第四篇汉英常用采矿工程词汇（分类按汉语拼音顺序排列）煤柱尺寸pillar dimension灰色关联分析gray relationship analysis地质构造geological tectonic水文地质hydrogeology极不规则煤层extremely anomalistic coal seam预紧力、预应力pre-tightening force, pre-stress含水的hydrous水力采煤hydraulic cutting coal主（副）井main (auxiliary) shaft敏感性sensitivity国内外at home and abroad瓦斯抽放gas drainage机电一体化mechanical-electrical integration稳定性stability微地震micro-seism动载dynamic loading流变特征rheological characteristic蠕变creep人工神经网络artificial neural network定位orientation保水开采mining without detroying water resource高压注水water injection with high pressure中硬煤层medium hard coal seam层次分析法hierarchy anallysis proceeding煤与瓦斯突出coal and gas bursting模糊综合评判fuzzy comprehensive evaluation综（放）采工作面full-mechanized (caving) mining face 炮采工作面blasting mining face机采工作面mechanized mining face（急）倾斜煤层(steeply) inclined coal seam走向strike倾向direction dip,dip,inclination矿山压力underground pressure支承压力abutment pressure上覆岩层overlying rock strata薄、中厚、厚煤层thin,medium thick,thick coal seam （松散）含水层(loose) aquifer裂缝带crack zone垮落带caving zone顶、底板roof,floor顶煤top coal（掩护式）液压支架(shield) powered support割煤机coal cutter刮板机scrapper胶带输送机belt conveyor片帮coal slide冒顶roof fall岩爆（矿震、冲积矿压）rock burst自燃spontaneous combustion防水（砂）煤柱water(sand)-proof coal pillar陷落柱collapse column煤（岩）巷coal(rock) roadway沿空巷道roadway along gob围岩surrounding rock突水water bursting"三软" soft roof,soft coal,soft floor地应力ground stress（开采）地表沉陷(mining) surface subsidence高产高效high production and high efficiency 回风巷ventilation roadway运输巷transportation roadway火成岩（岩浆岩）igneous rock厚冲积层thick alluvium条带开采strip mining移动、变形movement,distortion极限平衡区limit equilibrium area可靠性，可行性，合理性，适应性reliability, feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率mining rate,recovery rate埋管注氮nitrogen injection with buried pipe复合顶板combined roof断层fault喷浆grouting动压dynamic pressure地质灾害geological disasterEH-4电导率成像系统EH-4 electro-conducibility imaging system透气性（渗透性）permeability倾向性liability井下underground设备配套equipment match选型设计lectotype design撤架dismantling supports加固reinforcing安全阀safety valve积水seeper柔性支架flexible support伪斜apparent dip绞车房hoist room(winder chamber)暗立（斜）井blind (slope) shaft底臌floor heave破碎顶板cracked roof解放层protective coal seam电阻应变仪resistance strain instument坑口电厂pithead power plant1．煤炭科学技术总论采矿系统工程mining system engineering采矿系统优化模型model of mining systemoptimization采矿岩石学mining rock mechanics采煤coal mining, coal extraction,coal getting采煤学coal mining地下开采underground mining矸石refuse, waste, dirt, debris 固体可燃矿产solid combustible mineral褐煤lignite, brown coal化石燃料fossil fuel洁净煤技术clean coal technology矿[underground] mine矿床模型model of mineral deposits矿井[underground] mine矿井通风[学] mine ventilation, underground ventilation矿区mining area矿山mine矿山测量[学] mine surveying矿山电气工程mine electric engineering, mine electro-technics矿山机械工程mine mechanical engineering矿山建设mine construction矿山提升[学] mine hoisting, winding矿山运输[学] mine transportation, minehaulage矿田mine filed露天开采, '露天开采学surface mining露天矿surface mine煤coal煤当量coal equivalent煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal, coal utilization煤化学coal chemistry煤矿coal mine, colliery煤矿安全mine safety煤矿机械coal mine machinery煤转化coal conversion煤炭地下技术underground coal gasification煤炭环境保护coal environmental control,environmental protection in coalmining煤炭技术coal technology煤炭加工coal processing煤炭科学coal science煤田coalfield煤田地质勘探coal exploration, coalprospecting煤田地质学coal geology煤岩学coal petrology石煤stone-like coal无烟煤anthracite选煤coal preparation, coal cleaning 烟煤bituminous coal硬煤hard coal2．地质测量A级储量grade A reservesB级储量grade B reservesC级储量grade C reservesD级储量grade D reserves边界角limit angle采场验收测量pit acceptance survey采出率ratio recovery采动系数factor of full extraction采掘工程平面图mine map采煤工作面测量coal face survey采区测量mining district survey采区联系测量transfer survey in mining district 超前影响角advance angle of influence沉井凿井法施工测量construction survey for drop shaft sinking充分采动full subsidence,critical/supercritical extraction充分采动角ZHANGCHIZZubsidence储量管理reserves management导入高程测量elevation transfer survey导水断裂带water conducted zone点下对中centering under roof station地表移动surface movement, groundmovement地表移动观测站observation station of groundmovement地表移动盆地subsidence trough, subsidence basin顶板测点roof station定向连接测量connection survey for shaftorientation 定向连接点connection point for shaft orientation动用储量mining-employed reserves冻结凿井法施工测量construction survey for shaft sinking by freezing method断层几何制图fault geometrisation断裂带fractured zone防水煤岩柱safety pillar under water-bodies非充分采动subcritical extraction刚性结构措施structure rigidity-strengthening measures工业场地平面图mine yard plan贯通测量holing-through survey光电测距导线EDM traverse拐点偏移距deviation of inflection point滑动层sliding layer缓冲沟buffer trench灰分等值线图isogram of ash content回采煤量workable reserves激光指向laser guide几何定向orientation by shaft plumbing近井点near shaft control point井底车场平面图shaft bottom plan井上下对照图location map, site plan井田区域地形图topographic map of [underground] mine field井筒煤柱开采shaft pillar extraction井筒延深测量shaft deepening survey井下测量underground survey井下平面控制测量underground horizontal control survey开采沉陷mining subsidence开拓煤量developed reserves抗变形建筑物deformation resistant structure垮落带caving zone矿区控制测量control survey of mining area矿山工程测量mine survey矿体几何学geometry of ore deposits矿体几何制图geometrisation of ore deposits矿田区域地形图topographic map of mine field立井定向shaft orientation立井施工测量construction survey for shaft sinking立井十字中线标定setting out cross line of shaft center立井中心标定setting out shaft center联系测量transfer survey连接三角形法connection triangle method裂缝角angle of break临界变形值critical deformation values露天矿测量open-pit survey煤层等厚线图isothickness map of coal seam煤层等深线图isobath map of coal seam煤层褶皱几何制图fold geometrisation of coal seam 瞄直法alignment method逆转点法reversal point method柔性结构措施structure yielding measures三量Three Class of Reserves设计损失allowable loss实际损失储量actual loss of reserves水平移动系数displacement factor损失率loss percentage投点shaft plumbing陀螺方位角gyroscopic azimuth陀螺经纬仪定向gyroscopic orientation survey弯曲带sagging zone围护带safety berm下沉系数subsidence factor巷道坡度线标定sitting out roadway gradient巷道碎部测量detail survey for mine workings巷道验收测量footage measurement of roadway 巷道中线标定setting out center line of roadway 岩层移动strata movement移动角angle of critical deformation移动盆地主断面major cross-section of subsidence trough影响传播角propagation angle中天法transit method主要影响半径major influence radius主要影响角正切tangent of major influence angle 注浆凿井法施工测量construction survey for groutingsinking准备煤量prepared reserves钻井凿井法施工测量construction survey for shaftboring最大下沉角angle of maximum subsidence最大下沉速度角angle of maximum subsidencevelocity3．地下开采安全平盘safety berm安全水头safety water head暗井blind shaft, staple shaft薄煤层thin seam爆破采煤工艺blast-winning technology爆破装煤blasting loading变形压力rock deformation pressure闭路供水closed-circuit water supply闭式落煤顺序close-type winning sequence不规则垮落带irregularly caving zone部分开采partial extraction侧支撑压力side abutment pressure采场延伸pit deepening采动裂隙mining-induced fissure采动应力mining-induced stress采垛winning-block采垛角angle of winning-block采段extracting zone采段流煤上山extracting block coal-water rise采高mining height采掘带cut采掘区block采宽cut width采矿站ore station采空区goaf, gob, waste采装loading采煤方法coal wining method, coalmining method采煤工作面coal face, working face采区district, panel采区车场district station, district inset采区准备preparation in district采区设计mining-district design, paneldesign采区上山district rise采区石门district cross-cut采区下山district dip仓储采煤法shrinkage stoping 长壁放顶采煤法longwall mining with sublevel caving长壁工作面longwall face超前巷道advance heading充采比stowing ratio充填倍线stowing gradient充填步距stowing interval充填沉缩率setting ratio充填法stowing method充填能力stowing capacity冲击地压rock burst, pressure bump承压含水层上采煤coal mining above aquifer初撑力强度setting load density, SLD初次放顶initial caving初次来压first weighting出气孔production well出气强度production well capacity出入沟main access储量备用系数reserve factor of mine reserve垂直切片terrace cut slice大巷main roadway带压开采mining under safe water pressure of aquifer单侧沟hillside ditch单煤层大巷main roadway for single seam单体液压支柱hydraulic prop倒台阶采煤法overhand mining底板floor底板载荷集度floor load intensity底帮foot slope底部境界线floor boundary line底鼓floor heave地表境界线surface boundary line地下煤气发生场underground gasifier地下气化工作面underground gasification face地下气化效率efficiency of underground gasification叠加应力superimposed stress顶板roof顶板单位破碎度specific roof flaking ratio顶板回弹roof rebound顶板垮落roof caving顶板垮落角roof caving angle顶板冒落roof fall顶板破碎度roof flaking ratio顶板弱化roof weakening顶板台阶下沉roof step顶板稳定性roof stability顶板压力roof pressure顶帮top slope顶底板移近量roof-to-floor convergence顶底板移近率roof-to-floor convergence ratio 动压巷道workings subject to dynamic pressure动载系数dynamic load coefficient端帮end slope端面距tip-to-face distance端面冒顶roof flaking短壁采煤法shortwall mining断壁工作面shortwall face墩柱heavy-duty pier, breaker props 房顶柱breaker props房式采煤法room mining, chamber mining房柱式采煤法room and pillar mining封闭圈closed level放采比drawing ratio放顶caving the roof放顶距caving interval放煤步距drawing internal放煤顺序drawing sequence非工作帮non-working slope非工作帮坡面non working slope face风力充填pneumatic stowing分层开采slicing分层巷道slice drift, sliced gateway分带strip分带集中斜巷strip main incline drift分带斜巷strop inclined drift分段sublevel分段平巷sublevel entry, longitudinal subdrift分级提运separate transport and hoisting 分流站distribution station分期开采mining by stages分区开采mining by areas分区域开拓areas development辅助水平subsidiary level矸石带waste pack, strip pack, interval of moving monitor,unit advance of monitor高压大射流high pressure large diameter jet 干馏----干燥带distillation and drying zone工作帮working slope工作帮坡面working slope face工作阻力yield load, working resistance 工作面working face工作面顶板控制roof control工作面端头face end工作面回风巷tailentry, tailgate, return airway工作面运输巷headentry, headgate, haulage gateway工作平盘working berm工作线front构造裂隙tectonic fissure构造应力tectonic stress规则垮落带regularly caving zone固定路线permanent haulage line管道水力运输pipeline hydrotransport横向前移cross removal恒阻支柱yielding prop厚煤层thick seam后退式开采retreating mining后支撑压力rear abutment pressure滑移顶梁支架slipping bar composite support 还原带reduction zone缓沟easy access缓慢下沉法gradual sagging method缓斜煤层gently inclined seam回采巷道gateway, entry, gate回柱prop drawing基本顶main roof机械充填mechanical stowing集中大巷gathering main roadway急斜煤层steeply pitching seam, steep seam 坚硬岩层strong strata, hard strata间断开采工艺discontinuous mining technology 架后充填backfill建筑物下开采coal mining under buildings阶段horizon阶段垂高horizon interval阶段流煤上山extracting block coal-water roadway阶段流煤巷main coal-water rise阶段斜长inclined length of horizon近距离煤层contiguous seams近水平煤层flat seam井田尺寸[underground] mine field size井田境界[[underground] mine field boundary井田开拓[underground]mine field development静压巷道workings subject to static pressure 掘进率drivage ratio局部冒顶partial roof fall开采水平mining level, gallery level开采水平垂高lift, level interval开路供水open-circuit water supply开切眼open-off cut开式落煤顺序open-type winning sequence开拓巷道development roadway抗压入强度press-in strength垮采比caving-height ratio垮落法caving method跨采over-the-roadway extraction矿井初步设计preliminary [underground]mine design矿井服务年限[underground]mine life矿井井型production scale of [underground] mine矿井开拓设计[underground]mine development design矿井可采储量workable [underground]mine reserves矿井可行性研究[underground]mine feasibility study矿井设计[underground]mine design矿井设计储量designed [underground]mine reserves矿井设计能力designed[underground]mine capacity矿井施工设计[underground]mine construction design矿井延深shaft deepening矿区地面总体设计general surface layout of mining area矿区规模mining area capacity矿区开发可行性研究feasibility study forming area exploitation矿区总体设计general design of mining area矿山压力rock pressure in mine矿山压力显现strata behaviors控顶距face width离层bed separation离层带注浆充填grouting in separated-bed立井开拓vertical shaft development联络巷crossheading连续开采工艺continuous mining technology溜井draw shaft溜煤石煤coal-water cross-cut溜眼chute临界滑面critical sliding surface漏顶face roof collapse with cavity锚梁网支护roof bolting with bar and wire mesh煤壁wall煤层产出能力coal-seam productive capacity煤房room, chamber煤浆coal slurry煤门in-seam cross-cut煤面清扫cleaning煤水泵slurry pump煤水比coal-water ratio煤水仓coal-slurry sump煤水洞室coal slurry preparation room煤炭地下气化站underground coal gasification station煤岩固化coal/rock reinforcement煤柱coal pillar煤柱支撑法pillar supporting method明槽水力运输flume hydrotransport摩檫支柱frictional prop逆向冲采contrary efflux片帮rib spalling, sloughing平盘berm平硐开拓drift development平行推进parallel advance破煤coal breaking, coal cutting破碎顶板fractured roof, friable roof普氏系数Protodyakonov coefficient普通机械化采煤工conventionally-mechanized coal winning technology气化贯通linkage气囊支架air-bag support前进式开采advancing mining前支撑压力front abutment pressure强制放顶forced caving倾倒toppling倾斜长壁采煤法longwall mining to the dip or to the rise倾斜短壁水力采煤法shortwall hydraulic mining in the dip倾斜分层采煤法inclined slicing切口stable, niche区段district sublevel区段集中平巷district sublevel gathering entry, district main entry区段平巷district sublevel entry, district longtudinal subdrift区域性切冒extensive roof collapse全柱开采full pillar extraction柔性掩护支架flexible shield support人工顶板artificial roof入换spotting, train exchange入换站exchange station三下"开采" coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies扫清平盘cleaning berm山坡露天采场mountain surface mine射流打击力jet impact force射流烛心动压力jet axis dynamical pressure扇型推进fan advance上覆岩层overlying strata 上装upper level loading上山rise, raise上挖up digging上行式开采ascending mining上行式开采upward mining十字定梁cross bar石门cross-cut始采线beginning line, mining starting line双工作面double-unit face, double face 水采回采巷道stopping entry水力采煤hydraulic coal mining technology 水平分层采煤法horizontal slicing水平分段放顶采煤法top-sliming system of sublevel caving水平切片dropping cut slice水枪monitor水体下采煤coal mining under water-bodies 松动压力broken-rock pressure松软岩层weak strata松软岩层soft strata塌落fall台阶坡面线bench angle掏槽slotting挑顶roof ropping特种支柱specific props铁路下开采coal mining under railways推垮型冒顶thrust roof fall往复式开采reciprocating mining挖底floor dinting挖掘系数excavation factor围岩surrounding rock围岩稳定性stability of surrounding rock伪顶false roof伪倾斜柔性掩护支架采煤法flexible shield mining in the false dip伪斜长壁采煤法oblique longwall mining喂煤机coal feeder无井式地下气化法shaftless gasification无煤柱护巷non-chain-pillar entry protection 无特种柱放顶caving without specific props, caving without breaker props无支柱距prop-free front distance下装lower lever loading下山dip下挖down digging下行式开采descending mining, downward mining巷道断面缩小率roadway reduction ratio巷旁充填roadside packing巷旁支护roadside support限厚开采limited thickness extraction限制区间limit section协调开采harmonic extraction斜井开拓inclined shaft development斜切分层采煤法oblique slicing旋转式推进revolving mining，turning longwall循环working cycle循环进度advance of working cycle循环平均阻力time-weighted mean resistance循环平均阻力mean load per unit cycle岩层控制strata control岩石内摩檫角internal friction angle of rock岩石软化系数softening factor of rock岩石碎胀系数bulking factor, swell factor岩石粘聚力rock cohesion岩应力降低区stress-relaxed area氧化带oxidation zone沿空巷道gob-side entry掩护支架采煤法shield mining移道步距shift spacing移动坑线temporary working ramp移动线路shiftable haulage line应力增高区stress-concentrated area迎山角prop-setting angle有井式地下气化法shaft gasification有效支撑能力practical supporting capacity原岩virgin rock, virgin rock mass原岩应力initial stress, stress in virginrock mass员生裂隙initial fissure运输大巷main haulage roadway, mainhaulageway运输平盘haulage berm增阻支柱late bearing prop再倒退overcasting再生顶板mat, regenerated roof整层开采full-seam mining正台阶采煤法heading-and-bench mining支撑效率supporting efficiency支撑压力abutment pressure支垛crib支护刚度support rigidity支护强度supporting intensity支架可缩量nominal yield of support支柱密度prop density直接顶immediate roof, nether roof直进坑线straight ramp中厚煤层medium-thick seam中斜煤层inclined seam, pitching seam终采线terminal line周期来压periodic weighting主石门main cross-cut主要上山main rise主要下山main dip注砂井storage-mixed bin准备巷道preparation roadway自然平衡拱dome of natural equilibrium,natural arch自重充填gravity stowing自重应力gravity stress综合机械化采煤工艺fully-mechanized coal winningtechnology综合开采工艺combined mining technology综合开拓combined development总回风巷main return airway纵向前移longitudinal removal走向长壁采煤法longwall mining on the strike走向短壁水力采煤法shortwall hydraulic mining on the strike组合台阶bench group4．矿山机械工程安全绞车safety winch安全制动safety braking, emergencybraking 扒爪collecting-arm耙斗scraper bucket耙斗装载机slusher, gathering-arm loader, collecting-arm loader,gathering-arm, scraper loader 耙式浓缩机rake thickener包角wrap angle, angle of contact 刨刀bit, plough cutter刨链plough chain刨煤机kohlenhobel, coal loader, plough, plow刨头plough head刨削阻力ploughing resistance刨削深度ploughing depth刨削速度ploughing speed本架控制local control变位质量equivalent mass不平衡提升unbalanced hoisting部分断面掘进机selective roadheader,partial-size tunneling machine侧卸式装载机side discharge loader采煤机coal winning machine采煤机械coal winning machinery, coal getting machinery采煤联动机coal-face winning aggregate缠绕式提升drum winding铲斗bucket铲斗装载机bucket loader铲装板apron铲煤板ramp plate铲入力bucket thrust force沉降过滤式离心脱水机screen-bowl centrifuge沉降式离心脱水机bowl centrifuge冲压式成型机briquetting machine成组控制batch control, bank control成型机briquetting machine出绳角elevation angle弛张筛flip-flop screen齿轨机车rack track car, rack track locomotive齿辊破碎机toothed roll crusher串车trip, train串车train磁选机magnetic separator错绳圈live turns带式输送机belt conveyor带压移架sliding advance of support单轨吊车overhead monorail, overhead rope monorail挡车栏arrester挡煤板spillplate底座base电气牵引electrical haulage电液控制elector-hydraulic control等厚筛banana vibrating screen低速刨煤slow-speed ploughing调高vertical steering调向油缸lifting ram调斜roll steering定距控制fixed-distance control定压控制fixed-pressure control动力刨煤机dynamischer Hobel, dynamic plough, activated plough多段提升multistage hoisting多水平提升multilevel hoisting, multilevel winding垛式支架chock端头支架face-end support对辊成型机roller briquetting machine二级制动two stage braking, two period braking翻车机tippler, rotary car dumper反井钻机raise boring machine防倒装置tilting prevention device防滑安全系数antiskiding factor防滑装置slippage prevention device防坠器safety catches, parachute放顶煤支架sublevel caving hydraulic support 风镐air pick, pneumatic pick高速刨煤heigh-speed ploughing, rapid ploughing钢丝绳牵引运输wire rope haulage工作机构working mechanism, operating organ, service braking轨道运输track transport, track haulage 刮板链scraper chain, flight chain刮板输送机scraper conveyor, flight conveyor滚筒drum, pulley滚筒采煤机shearer, shearer--loader过渡槽ramp pan过放overfall过放高度overfall height, overfall distance, overfall clearance过卷overwind, overtravel过卷高度overwind height, overwind distance, overraiseclearance过滤机filter过煤高度under clearance, passage height under machine过速overespeed后牵引rear haulage弧形筛seive bend护帮板face guard滑架guiding ramp, plough guide滑行刨煤机Gleithobeol, sliding plough滑行拖钩刨煤机Gleit-schwerthobel, sliding drag-hook plough环式成型机impact briquetting machine机面高度machine height机头部drive head unit机尾部drive end unit机械搅拌式浮选机subaeration flotation machine, agitation froth machine机械牵引mechanical haulage即时前移支架immediate forward support, IFS, one-web back system挤压成型机single lead-screw extruding briquetting machine间隔圈interval turns检验圈inspection cutting turns架节support unit, support section胶套轮机车rubber-tyred locomotive截槽kerf截齿pick, bit截齿配距lacing pattern, pick arrangement 进刀sumping截割比能耗specific energy of cutting截割部cutting unit截割高度cutting height截割滚筒cutting drum截割阻抗cutting resistance截割速度cutting speed, bit speed截割头cutting head截距ntercept截链cutting chain截煤机coal cutter截盘cutting jib, cutting bar截深web, web depth截线cutting line节式支架frame [support]经济提升量economic hoisting capacity, economic winding capacity经济提升速度economic hoisting speed, economic winding speed井架headframe, hoist tower,shaft tower井筒掘进机down-the hole shaft boring machine静力刨煤机statischer Hobel, static plough 卷筒winding drum, hoist drum掘进机械road heading machinery,driving machinery卡轨车road railer, coolie car可爬行坡度passable gradient可伸缩带式输送机extensible belt conveyor可弯曲刮板输送机flexible flight conveyor, armored face conveyor, AFC矿车mine car, pit tub矿井提升机mine winder, mine hoist矿井提升绞车mine hoist矿井提升阻力winding resistance of mine矿井提升阻力系数coefficient of winding resistance of mine矿用机车mine locomotive矿用绞车mine winch, mine winder空气脉动跳汰机air pulsating jig空气室air chamber离地间隙ground clearance of machine离心脱水机centrifuge立轮重介质分选机vertical lifting wheel separator连续采煤机continuous miner链牵引chain haulage邻架控制adjacent control落道derailment迈步支架walking support螺旋滚筒screw drum, helical vaner drum 锚杆钻机roof bolter锚固支架anchor support煤电钻electric coal drill煤浆准备器pulp preprocessor磨擦轮friction pulley, Koipe wheel磨擦圈holding turns, spare turns, dead turns磨擦式提升friction hoisting, Koepe hoisting磨砺性系数coefficient of abrasiveness内喷雾internal spraying内牵引internal traction, integral haulage爬车机creeper爬底板采煤机off-pan shearer, floor-based shearer,喷射式浮选机jet flotation machine偏角fleet angle平衡提升balanced hoisting铺网支架support with mesh-lying device骑槽式采煤机conveyor-mounted shearer普通机械化采煤机组conventionally-mechanized coal winning face unit气力输送air conveying, pneumatic conveying气腿airleg牵引力haulage pull, haulage speed牵引链haulage chain, pulling chain牵引速度travel speed钎杆stem钎头bit, bore bit钎尾shank, bit shank前牵引front haulage前探梁forepole, cantilever roof bar潜孔冲击器down hole hammer潜孔钻机down-the hole drill, percussive drill桥式转载机stage loader切槽cutting groove切削深度cutting depth驱动装置drive unit全断面掘进机tunnel boring machine, TBM, full facer乳化液泵站emulsion power pack人车man car伸缩梁extensible canopy深锥浓缩机deep cone thickener上出绳overlap上漂climbing输送conveying输送带conveying belt输送机conveyor双扭线机构lemniscate linkage双速刨煤dual-speed ploughing水力输送hydraulic conveying顺序控制sequential control梭行矿车shuttle car探钻装置probe drilling system提升不均衡系数hoisting unbalance factor提升富裕系数hoisting abundant factor提升容器hoisting conveyance提升容器自重减轻系数unbalance coefficient of sole weight of hoisting conveyance提升容器载重减轻系数unloading coefficient of hoisting conveyance搪瓷溜槽enameled trough天轮head sheave, sheave wheel推车机car pusher, ram推移装置pusher jack拖板base plate, articulated拖钩刨煤机reibhakenhobel, drag-hook plough拖缆装置cable handler托辊carrying idler, supporting roller 外喷雾external spraying外牵引external traction, independent haulage 尾绳tail rope, balance rope无轨运输trackless transport无极绳牵引运输endless-rope haulage无链牵引chainless haulage下出绳underlap下切深度dinting depth, undercut下扎dipping, penetration巷道掘进机roadheader, heading machine, tunneling machine行走部travel unit, traction unit行走机构travel mechanism, traction mechanism行走驱动装置travel driving unit悬boom悬臂式掘进机boom-type roadheader, boom roadheader压滤器press filter岩石电钻electric rock drill掩护梁caving shield掩护式支架shield [support]摇臂ranging arm摇床shaking table, concentrating table液压牵引hydraulic haulage液压支架hydraulic support, powered support圆盘式真空过滤机disk-type filter凿岩机hammer drill, percussion rock drill凿岩台车drill jumbo, drill carriage张紧装置tensioner, bridge conveyor, take-up device真空过滤机vacuum filter振动筛vibrating screen支撑式支架standing support支撑掩护式支架chock-shield [support]支架伸缩比support extension ratio制动空行程时间time lag, dead time制动系统brake system中部槽linepan终端载荷end load重力运输gravitational conveying, gravity haulage主顶梁main canopy主绳main rope, head rope主尾绳牵引运输main-and-tail rope haulage, main-and-tail haulage专用车special car, specialty car装煤面coal loader装岩机rock loader装岩机muck loader装载机械loader自然加速度natural acceleration自然减速度natural deceleration综合机械化采煤机组fully-mechanized coal winning face unit阻车器car stop, retarder钻杆drill rod钻井机shaft boring machine, shaft borer钻孔采煤机auger, auger machine钻孔机械drilling machine钻装机drill leader钻头bit, bore bit钻巷机drift boring machine钻削采煤机trepanner钻削头treoan wheel最大工作高度maximum working height最大结构高度maximum constructive height最小工作高度minimum working height最小结构高度minimum constructive height最小转弯半径minimal curve radius5. 煤矿安全保护层protective seam被保护层protected seam避难硐室refuge chamber并联网络parallel network测风站air measuring station残存瓦斯residual gas尘肺病pneumoconiosis抽出式通风exhaust ventilation串联通风series ventilation串联网络series network电化学式瓦斯测定器electrochemical type gas detector 等积孔equivalent orifice低瓦斯矿井low gaseous mine调压室pressure balance chamber独立风流separate airflow惰性气体防灭火inert gas for fire extinguishing对角式通风radial ventilation反风reversing the air反风道air-reversing way反风风门doors for air reversing防爆门breakaway explosion door防尘口罩dust mask防火门fire-proof door防火墙fire stopping, water [proof]dam防水闸门water door, bulkhead风表校正曲线calibration curve of anemometer 风窗air regulator风电闭锁装置fan-stoppage breaker风电甲烷闭锁装置fan-stoppage methane-monitorbreaker风阻特性曲线air way characteristic curve风量air flow, air quantity风量按需分配air distribution风量调节air regulation风量自然分配natural distribution of airflow风门air door风墙air stopping风桥air crossing风筒air duct风硐fan drift风障air brattice分区通风parallel ventilation, separateventilation粉尘dust粉尘采样器dust sampler粉尘粒度分布dust size distribution粉尘浓度dust concentration浮尘airborne dust辅助通风机booster fan负压negative pressure高瓦斯矿井gassy mine隔爆explosion suppression 灌浆grouting呼吸器respirator呼吸性粉尘respirable dust混合式通风compound ventilation火风压fire-heating air pressure火区sealed fire area火灾气体fire gases回风return airflow机械通风mechanical ventilaton甲烷报警器methane alarm甲烷断电仪methane-monitor breaker甲烷遥测仪remote methana monitor检定管detector tube角联网络diagonal network进风intake airflow局部阻力shock resistance局部阻力系数coefficient of shock resistance局部通风local ventilation局部通风机auxiliary fan绝对瓦斯涌出量absolute gas emission rate均压防灭火pressure balance for air control 可燃性气体inflammable gases矿尘mine dust矿井堵水water-blocking in mines, sealing off mine water矿井防治水mine water management, prevention of mine water矿井火灾mine fire矿井空气mine air矿井空气调节mine air conditioning矿井内部漏风underground leakage矿井内部漏风率underground leakage rate矿井气候条件climatic condition in mine矿井通风mine ventilation矿井突水water bursting in mines矿井瓦斯mine gas矿井瓦斯涌出量[underground] mine gas emission rate矿井外部漏风surface leakage矿井外部漏风率surface leakage rate矿井有效风量effective air quantity, ventilation efficiency矿山救护队mine rescue team溃浆burst of mortar扩散器fan diffuser扩散通风diffusion ventilation漏风air leakage落尘settled dust煤(岩)与瓦斯突出coal (rock) and gas outburst mine 煤(岩)与瓦斯突出矿井gas explosion煤层注水coal seam water infusion煤层透气性gas permeability of coal seam煤层瓦斯含量gas content in coal seam煤层瓦斯压力coalbed gas pressure煤尘coal dust煤尘爆炸coal dust explosion煤尘爆炸危险煤层coal seam liable to dust explosion 煤的自燃倾向性coal spontaneous combustion tendency煤肺病anthracosis煤矿防尘dust suppression in mine煤矽肺病anthraco-silicosis摩檫阻力frictional resistance。
采矿术语英汉对照大全
02 采矿02.02 矿山地质即在当前开采技术和经济条件下，对有开采价值的单层矿体的最小厚度要求。
在储量计算圈定工业矿体时，区分能利用(表内)储量和暂不能利用(表外)储量的标准之一。
矿石一起参加储量计算。
导电系数、耐热强度。
通过对相当重量的样品进行选矿、烧结、冶炼等性能的试验，了解矿石的加工工艺和可选性质，从而确定选矿、烧结、冶炼的生产流程和技术措施，对矿床做出正确的经济评价。
02.05 凿岩爆破02.303 02.304 02.305 02.306 02.307 02.308 02.309 02.310 02.311 02.312 02.313 02.314 02.315 02.316 02.317 02.318 02.319 02.320 02.321 02.322 02.323 02.324 02.325 02.326 02.327 02.328 02.329 02.330 02.331 02.332 02.333 导火索底盘抵抗线底眼电爆网络电雷管电雷管脚线电雷管点火元件电雷管桥丝电雷管电阻定向爆破顶眼硐室爆破二次爆破发射药非电导爆管辅助孔覆岩，覆土高威力炸药根底沟槽效应光面爆破含水炸药毫秒爆破毫秒延期电雷管黑火药后冲（糊炮）药包缓冲爆破环形炮孔活动钻头火雷管safety fusetoe burdenbottom holes, lifterselectric initiation circuitelectric cap, electric detonatorleg wire of electric detonatorfiring element of electric detonatorbridge wire of electric detonatorresistance of electric detonatordirectional blastingtop hole, back holechamber blastingsecondary blasting，boulder blastingpropellant explosivenonel tubesatellite hole, relieveroverburdenhigh strength explosivetoe, tight bottomchannel effectsmooth blastingwater-bearing explosivemillisecond blastingmillisecond electric delay detonatorblack powderback breakadobe charge，mud capped chargecushion blastingring holesdetachable bitcap, blasting cap02.06 井巷工程02.462 巷道roadway 指地下采矿时，为采矿提升、运输、通风、排水、动力供应等而掘进的通道。
最全的采矿工程专业英语词汇总结
Chapter 3 .1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法；mining operation 采矿作业；transportation 运输;ventilation 通风；ground control 顶板管理；the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本；recovery 回采率;subside v。
subsidence n.地表沉陷；subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层;overburden 上覆地层；immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；dip （Pitch) 倾角；hardness 硬度；strength 强度；cleavage 解理；gas，methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割，掏槽;blasting n。
爆破loading n. 装煤haul v。
运输,搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n。
通讯lighting n.照明。
disruption in production 停产; reduction in production 减产；compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式by far 到目前为止i n common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层；crosscut 联络巷、石门；drift 平硐；entry 平巷；development stage 开拓阶段；production stage 生产阶段;face 工作面。
continuous miner 连续采煤机；haulage capacity 运输能力；main entry 主巷.barrier pillar 隔离煤柱；butt entry 区段平巷；property line 矿井边界线. shearer 滚筒采煤机planer，Plow 刨煤机surface mining 露天开采auger mining 螺旋钻开采rapid excavation 快速掘进hydraulic mining 水力采矿underground gasification 地下气化ocean mining 海洋采矿Chapter 3 .2 Mine PreplanningHercules【希、罗神】赫尔克里斯，大力神——> Herculean，adj. 力气极大的；需要大力气的。
露天采矿常用英语词汇中英对照
露天采矿常用英语词汇中英对照文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]露天采矿词汇中英对照安息角 angle of rest 半连续工艺 semi-continuous mining systerm爆堆 blasted stockpile 爆破 blasting 泵房 pump room边帮安全系数 slope safety 变电所 substation 标高elevation表土 surface soil 剥采比 stripping ratio 剥离量 overburden采矿方法 mining method 测绘 survey 层理 bedding 成本 cost车铲比 ratio of trucks 控制爆破 controlled blasting车流密度 density of trucks 穿爆参数 parameter of drilling and blasting初步设计 preliminary design 大块率 rate of agglomcrate大型轮斗挖掘机 large size bucket wheel excavator 断层 fault单斗挖掘机 single-bucker excavator;dipper 导爆管 detonatecap倒堆工艺 overcasting system 等高线 isohypsometric line劳保用品 man-safety 故障 fault;trouble 产量output;production地面生产系统 surface production system 电缆 cable 顶板 roof 端帮 end wall 放炮 shot；blast 服务年限 life time;service time工作帮坡角 angle of working slope 构造 structure;formation褐煤 brown coal 滑坡 slope sliding 机修厂 repairing plant 夹矸 interburden;band 道路质量 quality of road 雷管detonator间断工艺 discontinuous minig system 胶带运输机 belt conveyer 进度计划 schedule 开采境界 mining limits 可采储量 recoverable 孔网参数 parameters of drill hole network 矿区 mining area连续工艺 continuous mining system 露天开采 surface mining 露天矿开采储量 workable surface mine reserves 露头 outcrop履带车 crawler 轮斗挖掘机 bucket wheel excavator明沟排水 open ditch 露天矿设计 surface mine design排土场 pumping area 疏干 dewatering;drainage 洒水 waterspray内排土场 internal dump 排土台阶高度 dumping bench height排水沟 barrel-drain;gutter 平均剥采比 average stripping ratio 平盘宽度 width of bench 平装车 level loading 起爆detonating破碎机 crusher 贫化率 dilution rate 生产能力 production rate欠车 short of car 前装机 front end loader 倾角 dip angle倾斜矿床 dipping ore bed 清理底板 floor cleaning上装车 higher [level]loading 设备效率 equipment efficiency设计任务书 design specification 受料臂 receiving arm 破碎crushing水平推进速度 advancing rate of working face 台阶 bench;level松动爆破 loosening blasting 推进 advance 推土机 dozer松散系数 factor of loose 台阶平盘 bench face 瓦斯 gas台阶坡面角 slope angle of bench 通勤车辆 commuter bus 挖掘机 trencher 外部沟 external ramp 维修保养 maintain外排土场 external dump 位移 displacement 卸载 dumping位置 place;position 下挖深度 depth of lower digging延伸方向 deepening direction 岩石力学 mechanics运输 transport 运输平盘 haulage berm 钻孔 drill hole液压系统 hydra-system 涌水量 water-inflow 炸药 explosive 栈桥 gantry 职业病 industrial 最小抵抗线 minimum burden自卸载重卡车 self-dumping truck 装载设备 loading equipment纵采 digging along strike 最终边帮 final pit slope作业方式 operation pattern 坐标 coordinate 重载 heavy load最小平盘宽度 minimum width of working bench 走向 strike。
采矿专业英语词汇
采矿专业英语词汇1汉英常用采矿工程词汇（分类按汉语拼音顺序排列）煤柱尺寸pillardimension灰色关联分析grayrelationshipanalysis地质构造geologicaltectonic水文地质hydrogeology极不规则煤层extremelyanomalisticcoalseam 预紧力、预应力pre-tighteningforce,pre-stress 含水的hydrous水力采煤hydrauliccuttingcoal主（副）井main(auxiliary)shaft敏感性sensitivity国内外athomeandabroad瓦斯抽放gasdrainage机电一体化mechanical-electricalintegration稳定性stability微地震micro-seism动载dynamicloading流变特征rheologicalcharacteristic蠕变creep人工神经网络artificialneuralnetwork定位orientation保水开采miningwithoutdetroyingwaterresource 高压注水waterinjectionwithhighpressure中硬煤层mediumhardcoalseam层次分析法hierarchyanallysisproceeding煤与瓦斯突出coalandgasbursting模糊综合评判fuzzycomprehensiveevaluation综（放）采工作面full-mechanized(caving)miningface 炮采工作面blastingminingface机采工作面mechanizedminingface（急）倾斜煤层(steeply)inclinedcoalseam走向strike倾向directiondip,dip,inclination矿山压力undergroundpressure支承压力abutmentpressure上覆岩层overlyingrockstrata薄、中厚、厚煤层thin,mediumthick,thickcoalseam （松散）含水层(loose)aquifer裂缝带crackzone垮落带cavingzone顶、底板roof,floor顶煤topcoal（掩护式）液压支架(shield)poweredsupport 割煤机coalcutter刮板机scrapper胶带输送机beltconveyor片帮coalslide冒顶rooffall岩爆（矿震、冲积矿压）rockburst自燃spontaneouscombustion防水（砂）煤柱water(sand)-proofcoalpillar 陷落柱collapsecolumn煤（岩）巷coal(rock)roadway沿空巷道roadwayalonggob围岩surroundingrock突水waterbursting"三软"softroof,softcoal,softfloor地应力groundstress（开采）地表沉陷(mining)surfacesubsidence高产高效highproductionandhighefficiency回风巷ventilationroadway运输巷transportationroadway火成岩（岩浆岩）igneousrock厚冲积层thickalluvium条带开采stripmining移动、变形movement,distortion极限平衡区limitequilibriumarea可靠性，可行性，合理性，适应性reliability,feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率miningrate,recoveryrate埋管注氮nitrogeninjectionwithburiedpipe复合顶板combinedroof断层fault喷浆grouting动压dynamicpressure地质灾害geologicaldisasterEH-4电导率成像系统EH-4electro-conducibilityimagingsystem透气性（渗透性）permeability倾向性liability井下underground设备配套equipmentmatch选型设计lectotypedesign撤架dismantlingsupports加固reinforcing安全阀safetyvalve积水seeper柔性支架flexiblesupport伪斜apparentdip绞车房hoistroom(winderchamber)暗立（斜）井blind(slope)shaft底臌floorheave破碎顶板crackedroof解放层protectivecoalseam电阻应变仪resistancestraininstument 坑口电厂pitheadpowerplant1．煤炭科学技术总论采矿系统工程miningsystemengineering 采矿系统优化模型modelofminingsystem optimization采矿岩石学miningrockmechanics采煤coalmining,coalextraction, coalgetting采煤学coalmining地下开采undergroundmining矸石refuse,waste,dirt,debris固体可燃矿产solidcombustiblemineral褐煤lignite,browncoal化石燃料fossilfuel洁净煤技术cleancoaltechnology矿[underground]mine矿床模型modelofmineraldeposits矿井[underground]mine矿井通风[学]mineventilation,underground ventilation矿区miningarea矿山mine矿山测量[学]minesurveying矿山电气工程mineelectricengineering,mine electro-technics矿山机械工程minemechanicalengineering2矿山建设mineconstruction矿山提升[学]minehoisting,winding矿山运输[学]minetransportation,mine haulage矿田minefiled露天开采,''露天开采学surfacemining露天矿surfacemine煤coal煤当量coalequivalent煤的综合利用comprehensiveutilizationofcoal, coalutilization煤化学coalchemistry煤矿coalmine,colliery煤矿安全minesafety煤矿机械coalminemachinery煤转化coalconversion煤炭地下技术undergroundcoalgasification 煤炭环境保护coalenvironmentalcontrol, environmentalprotectionincoalmining煤炭技术coaltechnology煤炭加工coalprocessing煤炭科学coalscience煤田coalfield煤田地质勘探coalexploration,coal prospecting煤田地质学coalgeology煤岩学coalpetrology石煤stone-likecoal无烟煤anthracite选煤coalpreparation,coalcleaning 烟煤bituminouscoal硬煤hardcoal2．地质测量A级储量gradeAreservesB级储量gradeBreservesC级储量gradeCreservesD级储量gradeDreserves边界角limitangle采场验收测量pitacceptancesurvey 采出率ratiorecovery采动系数factoroffullextraction采掘工程平面图minemap采煤工作面测量coalfacesurvey采区测量miningdistrictsurvey采区联系测量transfersurveyinminingdistrict超前影响角advanceangleofinfluence沉井凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyfordropshaft sinking充分采动fullsubsidence,critical/supercriticalextraction充分采动角ZHANGCHIZZubsidence储量管理reservesmanagement导入高程测量elevationtransfersurvey导水断裂带waterconductedzone点下对中centeringunderroofstation地表移动surfacemovement,ground movement地表移动观测站observationstationofground movement地表移动盆地subsidencetrough,subsidence basin顶板测点roofstation定向连接测量connectionsurveyforshaft orientation定向连接点connectionpointforshaft orientation动用储量mining-employedreserves冻结凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyforshaft sinkingbyfreezingmethod断层几何制图faultgeometrisation断裂带fracturedzone防水煤岩柱safetypillarunderwater-bodies 非充分采动subcriticalextraction刚性结构措施structurerigidity-strengthening measures工业场地平面图mineyardplan贯通测量holing-throughsurvey光电测距导线EDMtraverse拐点偏移距deviationofinflectionpoint滑动层slidinglayer缓冲沟buffertrench灰分等值线图isogramofashcontent回采煤量workablereserves激光指向laserguide几何定向orientationbyshaftplumbing近井点nearshaftcontrolpoint井底车场平面图shaftbottomplan井上下对照图locationmap,siteplan井田区域地形图topographicmapof[underground] minefield井筒煤柱开采shaftpillarextraction井筒延深测量shaftdeepeningsurvey井下测量undergroundsurvey井下平面控制测量undergroundhorizontalcontrol survey开采沉陷miningsubsidence开拓煤量developedreserves抗变形建筑物deformationresistantstructure垮落带cavingzone矿区控制测量controlsurveyofminingarea矿山工程测量minesurvey矿体几何学geometryoforedeposits矿体几何制图geometrisationoforedeposits 矿田区域地形图topographicmapofminefield 立井定向shaftorientation立井施工测量constructionsurveyforshaft sinking立井十字中线标定settingoutcrosslineofshaft center立井中心标定settingoutshaftcenter联系测量transfersurvey连接三角形法connectiontrianglemethod裂缝角angleofbreak临界变形值criticaldeformationvalues露天矿测量open-pitsurvey煤层等厚线图isothicknessmapofcoalseam煤层等深线图isobathmapofcoalseam煤层褶皱几何制图foldgeometrisationofcoalseam 瞄直法alignmentmethod逆转点法reversalpointmethod柔性结构措施structureyieldingmeasures三量ThreeClassofReserves设计损失allowableloss实际损失储量actuallossofreserves水平移动系数displacementfactor损失率losspercentage3投点shaftplumbing陀螺方位角gyroscopicazimuth陀螺经纬仪定向gyroscopicorientationsurvey弯曲带saggingzone围护带safetyberm下沉系数subsidencefactor巷道坡度线标定sittingoutroadwaygradient巷道碎部测量detailsurveyformineworkings巷道验收测量footagemeasurementofroadway 巷道中线标定settingoutcenterlineofroadway岩层移动stratamovement移动角angleofcriticaldeformation移动盆地主断面majorcross-sectionofsubsidence trough影响传播角propagationangle中天法transitmethod主要影响半径majorinfluenceradius主要影响角正切tangentofmajorinfluenceangle注浆凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyforgrouting sinking准备煤量preparedreserves钻井凿井法施工测量constructionsurveyforshaft boring最大下沉角angleofmaximumsubsidence最大下沉速度角angleofmaximumsubsidence velocity3．地下开采安全平盘safetyberm安全水头safetywaterhead暗井blindshaft,stapleshaft薄煤层thinseam爆破采煤工艺blast-winningtechnology爆破装煤blastingloading变形压力rockdeformationpressure闭路供水closed-circuitwatersupply闭式落煤顺序close-typewinningsequence 不规则垮落带irregularlycavingzone部分开采partialextraction侧支撑压力sideabutmentpressure采场延伸pitdeepening采动裂隙mining-inducedfissure采动应力mining-inducedstress采垛winning-block采垛角angleofwinning-block采段extractingzone采段流煤上山extractingblockcoal-waterrise 采高miningheight采掘带cut采掘区block采宽cutwidth采矿站orestation采空区goaf,gob,waste采装loading采煤方法coalwiningmethod,coal miningmethod采煤工作面coalface,workingface采区district,panel采区车场districtstation,districtinset 采区准备preparationindistrict采区设计mining-districtdesign,panel design采区上山districtrise采区石门districtcross-cut采区下山districtdip仓储采煤法shrinkagestoping长壁放顶采煤法longwallminingwithsublevel caving长壁工作面longwallface超前巷道advanceheading充采比stowingratio充填倍线stowinggradient充填步距stowinginterval充填沉缩率settingratio充填法stowingmethod充填能力stowingcapacity冲击地压rockburst,pressurebump承压含水层上采煤coalminingaboveaquifer 初撑力强度settingloaddensity,SLD初次放顶initialcaving初次来压firstweighting出气孔productionwell出气强度productionwellcapacity出入沟mainaccess储量备用系数reservefactorofminereserve 垂直切片terracecutslice大巷mainroadway带压开采miningundersafewaterpressure ofaquifer单侧沟hillsideditch单煤层大巷mainroadwayforsingleseam 单体液压支柱hydraulicprop倒台阶采煤法overhandmining底板floor底板载荷集度floorloadintensity底帮footslope底部境界线floorboundaryline底鼓floorheave地表境界线surfaceboundaryline地下煤气发生场undergroundgasifier地下气化工作面undergroundgasificationface 地下气化效率efficiencyofunderground gasification叠加应力superimposedstress顶板roof顶板单位破碎度specificroofflakingratio顶板回弹roofrebound顶板垮落roofcaving顶板垮落角roofcavingangle顶板冒落rooffall顶板破碎度roofflakingratio顶板弱化roofweakening顶板台阶下沉roofstep顶板稳定性roofstability顶板压力roofpressure顶帮topslope顶底板移近量roof-to-floorconvergence顶底板移近率roof-to-floorconvergenceratio 动压巷道workingssubjecttodynamic pressure动载系数dynamicloadcoefficient端帮endslope端面距tip-to-facedistance端面冒顶roofflaking短壁采煤法shortwallmining断壁工作面shortwallface墩柱heavy-dutypier,breakerprops4房顶柱breakerprops房式采煤法roommining,chambermining 房柱式采煤法roomandpillarmining封闭圈closedlevel放采比drawingratio放顶cavingtheroof放顶距cavinginterval放煤步距drawinginternal放煤顺序drawingsequence非工作帮non-workingslope非工作帮坡面nonworkingslopeface风力充填pneumaticstowing分层开采slicing分层巷道slicedrift,slicedgateway分带strip分带集中斜巷stripmaininclinedrift分带斜巷stropinclineddrift分段sublevel分段平巷sublevelentry,longitudinal subdrift分级提运separatetransportandhoisting 分流站distributionstation分期开采miningbystages分区开采miningbyareas分区域开拓areasdevelopment辅助水平subsidiarylevel矸石带wastepack,strippack, intervalofmovingmonitor, unitadvanceofmonitor高压大射流highpressurelargediameterjet 干馏----干燥带distillationanddryingzone 工作帮workingslope工作帮坡面workingslopeface工作阻力yieldload,workingresistance工作面workingface工作面顶板控制roofcontrol工作面端头faceend工作面回风巷tailentry,tailgate,return airway工作面运输巷headentry,headgate, haulagegateway工作平盘workingberm工作线front构造裂隙tectonicfissure构造应力tectonicstress规则垮落带regularlycavingzone固定路线permanenthaulageline管道水力运输pipelinehydrotransport横向前移crossremoval恒阻支柱yieldingprop厚煤层thickseam后退式开采retreatingmining后支撑压力rearabutmentpressure滑移顶梁支架slippingbarcompositesupport 还原带reductionzone缓沟easyaccess缓慢下沉法gradualsaggingmethod缓斜煤层gentlyinclinedseam回采巷道gateway,entry,gate回柱propdrawing基本顶mainroof机械充填mechanicalstowing集中大巷gatheringmainroadway急斜煤层steeplypitchingseam,steepseam坚硬岩层strongstrata,hardstrata间断开采工艺discontinuousminingtechnology 架后充填backfill建筑物下开采coalminingunderbuildings阶段horizon阶段垂高horizoninterval阶段流煤上山extractingblockcoal-water roadway阶段流煤巷maincoal-waterrise阶段斜长inclinedlengthofhorizon近距离煤层contiguousseams近水平煤层flatseam井田尺寸[underground]minefieldsize井田境界[[underground]minefield boundary井田开拓[underground]minefield development静压巷道workingssubjecttostaticpressure 掘进率drivageratio局部冒顶partialrooffall开采水平mininglevel,gallerylevel开采水平垂高lift,levelinterval开路供水open-circuitwatersupply开切眼open-offcut开式落煤顺序open-typewinningsequence开拓巷道developmentroadway抗压入强度press-instrength垮采比caving-heightratio垮落法cavingmethod跨采over-the-roadwayextraction矿井初步设计preliminary[underground]mine design矿井服务年限[underground]minelife矿井井型productionscaleof[underground] mine矿井开拓设计[underground]minedevelopmentdesign矿井可采储量workable[underground]mine reserves矿井可行性研究[underground]minefeasibility study矿井设计[underground]minedesign矿井设计储量designed[underground]mine reserves矿井设计能力designed[underground]mine capacity矿井施工设计[underground]mineconstruction design矿井延深shaftdeepening矿区地面总体设计generalsurfacelayoutofmining area矿区规模miningareacapacity矿区开发可行性研究feasibilitystudyformingarea exploitation矿区总体设计generaldesignofminingarea矿山压力rockpressureinmine矿山压力显现stratabehaviors控顶距facewidth离层bedseparation离层带注浆充填groutinginseparated-bed立井开拓verticalshaftdevelopment联络巷crossheading5连续开采工艺continuousminingtechnology溜井drawshaft溜煤石煤coal-watercross-cut溜眼chute临界滑面criticalslidingsurface漏顶faceroofcollapsewithcavity锚梁网支护roofboltingwithbarandwire mesh煤壁wall煤层产出能力coal-seamproductivecapacity 煤房room,chamber煤浆coalslurry煤门in-seamcross-cut煤面清扫cleaning煤水泵slurrypump煤水比coal-waterratio煤水仓coal-slurrysump煤水洞室coalslurrypreparationroom煤炭地下气化站undergroundcoalgasification station煤岩固化coal/rockreinforcement煤柱coalpillar煤柱支撑法pillarsupportingmethod明槽水力运输flumehydrotransport摩檫支柱frictionalprop逆向冲采contraryefflux片帮ribspalling,sloughing平盘berm平硐开拓driftdevelopment平行推进paralleladvance破煤coalbreaking,coalcutting破碎顶板fracturedroof,friableroof普氏系数Protodyakonovcoefficient普通机械化采煤工conventionally-mechanizedcoal winningtechnology气化贯通linkage气囊支架air-bagsupport前进式开采advancingmining前支撑压力frontabutmentpressure强制放顶forcedcaving倾倒toppling倾斜长壁采煤法longwallminingtothediporto therise倾斜短壁水力采煤法shortwallhydraulicmininginthe dip倾斜分层采煤法inclinedslicing切口stable,niche区段districtsublevel区段集中平巷districtsublevelgatheringentry, districtmainentry区段平巷districtsublevelentry,district longtudinalsubdrift区域性切冒extensiveroofcollapse全柱开采fullpillarextraction柔性掩护支架flexibleshieldsupport人工顶板artificialroof入换spotting,trainexchange入换站exchangestation三下"开采"coalminingunderbuildings, railwaysandwater-bodies扫清平盘cleaningberm山坡露天采场mountainsurfacemine射流打击力jetimpactforce射流烛心动压力jetaxisdynamicalpressure 扇型推进fanadvance上覆岩层overlyingstrata上装upperlevelloading上山rise,raise上挖updigging上行式开采ascendingmining上行式开采upwardmining十字定梁crossbar石门cross-cut始采线beginningline,miningstarting line双工作面double-unitface,doubleface水采回采巷道stoppingentry水力采煤hydrauliccoalminingtechnology水平分层采煤法horizontalslicing水平分段放顶采煤法top-slimingsystemofsublevel caving水平切片droppingcutslice水枪monitor水体下采煤coalminingunderwater-bodies松动压力broken-rockpressure松软岩层weakstrata松软岩层softstrata塌落fall台阶坡面线benchangle掏槽slotting挑顶roofropping特种支柱specificprops铁路下开采coalminingunderrailways推垮型冒顶thrustrooffall往复式开采reciprocatingmining挖底floordinting挖掘系数excavationfactor围岩surroundingrock围岩稳定性stabilityofsurroundingrock伪顶falseroof伪倾斜柔性掩护支架采煤法flexibleshieldmininginthefalse dip伪斜长壁采煤法obliquelongwallmining喂煤机coalfeeder无井式地下气化法shaftlessgasification无煤柱护巷non-chain-pillarentryprotection无特种柱放顶cavingwithoutspecificprops, cavingwithoutbreakerprops无支柱距prop-freefrontdistance下装lowerleverloading下山dip下挖downdigging下行式开采descendingmining,downward mining巷道断面缩小率roadwayreductionratio 巷旁充填roadsidepacking巷旁支护roadsidesupport限厚开采limitedthicknessextraction限制区间limitsection协调开采harmonicextraction斜井开拓inclinedshaftdevelopment斜切分层采煤法obliqueslicing旋转式推进revolvingmining，turninglongwall循环workingcycle循环进度advanceofworkingcycle循环平均阻力time-weightedmeanresistance 6循环平均阻力meanloadperunitcycle岩层控制stratacontrol岩石内摩檫角internalfrictionangleofrock岩石软化系数softeningfactorofrock岩石碎胀系数bulkingfactor,swellfactor岩石粘聚力rockcohesion岩应力降低区stress-relaxedarea氧化带oxidationzone沿空巷道gob-sideentry掩护支架采煤法shieldmining移道步距shiftspacing移动坑线temporaryworkingramp移动线路shiftablehaulageline应力增高区stress-concentratedarea迎山角prop-settingangle有井式地下气化法shaftgasification有效支撑能力practicalsupportingcapacity 原岩virginrock,virginrockmass原岩应力initialstress,stressinvirgin rockmass员生裂隙initialfissure运输大巷mainhaulageroadway,main haulageway运输平盘haulageberm增阻支柱latebearingprop再倒退overcasting再生顶板mat,regeneratedroof整层开采full-seammining正台阶采煤法heading-and-benchmining 支撑效率supportingefficiency支撑压力abutmentpressure支垛crib支护刚度supportrigidity支护强度supportingintensity支架可缩量nominalyieldofsupport支柱密度propdensity直接顶immediateroof,netherroof直进坑线straightramp中厚煤层medium-thickseam中斜煤层inclinedseam,pitchingseam终采线terminalline周期来压periodicweighting主石门maincross-cut主要上山mainrise主要下山maindip注砂井storage-mixedbin准备巷道preparationroadway自然平衡拱domeofnaturalequilibrium, naturalarch自重充填gravitystowing自重应力gravitystress综合机械化采煤工艺fully-mechanizedcoalwinning technology综合开采工艺combinedminingtechnology综合开拓combineddevelopment总回风巷mainreturnairway纵向前移longitudinalremoval走向长壁采煤法longwallminingonthestrike走向短壁水力采煤法shortwallhydraulicminingonthe strike组合台阶benchgroup4．矿山机械工程安全绞车safetywinch安全制动safetybraking,emergencybraking扒爪collecting-arm耙斗scraperbucket耙斗装载机slusher,gathering-armloader, collecting-armloader,gathering-arm,scraperloader耙式浓缩机rakethickener包角wrapangle,angleofcontact刨刀bit,ploughcutter刨链ploughchain刨煤机kohlenhobel,coalloader, plough,plow刨头ploughhead刨削阻力ploughingresistance刨削深度ploughingdepth刨削速度ploughingspeed本架控制localcontrol变位质量equivalentmass不平衡提升unbalancedhoisting部分断面掘进机selectiveroadheader, partial-sizetunnelingmachine侧卸式装载机sidedischargeloader采煤机coalwinningmachine采煤机械coalwinningmachinery,coal gettingmachinery采煤联动机coal-facewinningaggregate缠绕式提升drumwinding铲斗bucket铲斗装载机bucketloader铲装板apron铲煤板rampplate铲入力bucketthrustforce沉降过滤式离心脱水机screen-bowlcentrifuge 沉降式离心脱水机bowlcentrifuge冲压式成型机briquettingmachine成组控制batchcontrol,bankcontrol成型机briquettingmachine出绳角elevationangle弛张筛flip-flopscreen齿轨机车racktrackcar,racktrack locomotive齿辊破碎机toothedrollcrusher串车trip,train串车train磁选机magneticseparator错绳圈liveturns带式输送机beltconveyor带压移架slidingadvanceofsupport单轨吊车overheadmonorail,overhead ropemonorail挡车栏arrester。
采矿名词释义及翻译
采矿名词释义及翻译下沉系数subsidence factor在充分采动条件下,开采近水平煤层时地表最大下沉值与开采厚度之比。
水平移动系数displacement factor在充分采动条件下，开采近水平煤层时地表最大水平移动值与地表最大下沉值之比。
采动系数factor of full extraction衡量在走向和倾向上地表能否达到充分采动程度的系数。
在地层和采深一定的条件下，主要决定于采空区尺寸。
围护带safety berm设计保护煤柱时，在受护对象的外侧增加的一定宽度的安全带。
抗变形建筑物deformation resistant structure采取专门的结构措施从而能抵抗开采沉陷破坏的建筑物。
刚性结构措施rigid structure measure增加建筑物刚度以抵抗开采沉陷引起损害的结构措施。
柔性结构措施flexible structure measure使建筑物能适应开采沉陷引起地基变形的结构措施。
滑动层sliding layer为减少地表水平变形引起的建筑物上部的附加应力，在基础圈梁与基础之间铺设的摩擦系数小的垫层。
缓冲沟buffer trench曾称“补偿沟”。
为减轻地表水平变形对建筑物的损害，在建筑物基础周围或一侧开挖的槽沟。
导水断裂带water conducted zone曾称“导水裂隙带”。
能使水流向采空区的断裂带和垮落带的总称。
防水煤岩柱safety pillar under water-bodies为确保水体下安全采煤而设计的煤层开采上限至水体底部的煤、岩体。
井筒煤柱开采shaft pillar extraction采取专门的技术、安全措施，在维持井筒功能的前提下开采井筒煤柱。
矿体几何学mineral deposits geometry, geometry of ore body利用数学模型和图象模型研究矿体形态和矿产特性分布及其变化的学科。
矿体几何制图geometrization of ore body应用矿体几何学的理论和方法建立矿床的数学模型和图象模型等工作。
最全的采矿工程专业英语词汇总结
最全的采矿工程专业英语词汇总结第一篇：最全的采矿工程专业英语词汇总结Chapter 3.1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法； mining operation 采矿作业；transportation 运输； ventilation 通风；ground control 顶板管理；the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本； recovery 回采率；subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷； subsidence control 地表沉陷控制 cover 覆盖层；overburden 上覆地层； immediate roof 直接顶； floor 底板；dip（Pitch）倾角； hardness 硬度； strength 强度； cleavage 解理；gas，methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作 single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业 auxiliary operation辅助作业 cutting n.切割，掏槽；blasting n.爆破loading n.装煤haul v.运输，搬运drainage n.排水power n.动力 power Supply 动力供应 communication n.通讯Chapter 3.2 Mine PreplanningHercules【希、罗神】赫尔克里斯, 大力神--> Herculean, adj.力气极大的；需要大力气的。
herculean effort 巨大的努力 inadequacy n.不足，缺乏。
lighting n.照明。
disruption in production 停产； reduction in production 减产；compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式 by far 到目前为止in common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层；crosscut 联络巷、石门；drift平硐； entry平巷；development stage 开拓阶段； production stage 生产阶段；face 工作面。
采矿术语英语
.02 采矿序码汉文名英文名注解mining technology02.001采矿工艺valuable mineral02.002有用矿物metallurgical mineral raw materials02.003冶金矿产原料mineral deposit矿床02.004specialized mining02.005特殊采矿oceanic mining,marine mining海洋采矿02.006hard rock mining02.007硬岩采矿mine field矿田02.008mine02.009矿山surface mine, open-pit mine02.010露天矿山underground mine02.011地下矿山shaft area02.012井田shaft 02.013矿井mineral deposit exploration02.014矿床勘探mine yard layout 02.015矿山场地布置mine feasibility study02.016矿山可行性研究矿山生产能力02.017mine production capacity矿山规模02.018mine capacity矿山年产量annual mine output02.019清洁开采02.020clean mining可编辑．.waste-less mining无废开采02.021digital mine02.022数字矿山green mine02.023绿色矿山mining method02.024采矿方法mine environment assessment矿山环境评价02.025 Ore block02.026矿块mine safety assessment02.027矿山安全评价mining right02.028采矿权phased mining02.029分期开采mine area02.031矿区rich ore富矿02.032lean ore02.033贫矿mine life02.034矿井服务年限mine construction矿山基本建设02.035mine construction period02.036矿山建设期限start-up of mine production矿山投产02.037arrival at mine full capacity矿山达产02.038mine equipment level矿山装备水平02.040mining sequence 开采顺序02.041stages of mining02.042开采步骤schedule of extraction and development采掘计划02.043mining intensity开采强度02.044可编辑．.strengthening mining强化开采02.045development mining02.046采掘比stripping ratio02.047剥采比overall output of ore and waste02.048剥采总量mine engineering of maintaining simple矿山维简工程02.049reproductionore recovery ratio矿石回收率02.050ore loss ratio矿石损失率02.051ore dilution ratio矿石贫化率02.052industrial ore工业矿石02.053extracted ore采出矿石02.054commodity ore 商品矿石02.055conservation of mineral resources矿产资源保护02.056mine reclamation矿山复垦02.057mine abandonment矿井报废02.058combined surface and underground mining露天地下联合开采02.05902.060矿体orebody02.061矿体几何形状geometric configuration of orebody02.062盲矿体blind orebody02.063板状矿体tabular orebody矿脉vein02.064冲积矿床02.065alluvial deposit可编辑．.alluvial gold placer冲击砂金02.066oceanic mineral resources02.067海洋矿产资源grade of withdrawal of ore出矿品位02.068actual loss rate02.070实际损失率apparent loss rate视在损失率02.071primary ore dilution ratio02.072矿石一次贫化率secondary ore dilution ratio矿石二次贫化率02.073waste in-ore rate废石混入率02.074open pit into underground mining露天转地下开采02.075.overburden rock stratum02.076覆盖岩层waste rock废石02.077thick orebody厚大矿体02.078thin orebody薄矿体02.079medium thick ore body中厚矿体02.080gently pitching orebody缓倾斜矿体02.081pitching orebody倾斜矿体02.082steeply pitching orebody急倾斜矿体02.083可编辑．.02.06 井巷工程roadway02.359巷道chamber02.360硐室Mine structure02.361矿山构筑物headgear02.362井架hoist tower02.363井塔ore bin矿仓02.365loading bridge02.366栈桥waste rock pile02.367废石场vertical shaft02.368竖井main shaft主井02.395 auxiliary shaft副井02.396service shaft措施井02.397filling raise02.398充填井skip shaft02.399箕斗井cage shaft02.400罐笼井combined shaft02.401混合井可编辑．.ventilation shaft风井02.405sub-shaft02.406盲井shaft inset02.434井筒马头门shaft body02.369井筒shaft location井筒位置02.370shaft installation02.371井筒装备special shaft sinking02.372特殊掘井法freezing shaft sinking02.373冻结掘井法grouting shaft sinking02.374注浆掘井法caisson shaft sinking02.375沉井掘井法raising method of shafting井筒反掘法02.376 boring shaft sinking02.377钻井法掘井pilot shaft sinking 02.378超前小井掘井法掘进循环drifting cycle.02.466shaft deepening02.379井筒延深02.380井筒衬砌shaft lining02.381井壁shaft wall井筒壁座02.382shaft curbing02.383井筒布置shaft layout02.384罐道cage guide, shaft conductorshaft bunton罐道梁02.384柔性罐道02.385soft cage guide可编辑．.rigid cage guide刚性罐道02.386ladder compartment,ladder way02.387梯子间safety clearance02.388安全间隙shaft compartment02.389井格wall crib 井框02.390sinking platform02.391吊盘sinking bucket02.392吊桶shaft collar02.393井筒锁口盘shaft sump02.394井底水窝unloading chamber02.402卸载硐室vibrating drawing lock振动放矿闸门02.403 draw raise, ore pass02.404溜井ore loading chamber02.461装矿硐室ore dumping chamber卸矿硐室02.462 underground crusher station02.463井下破碎站shaft landing出车台02.407cage keps罐托02.408cage junction platform罐笼摇台02.409cage platform罐笼平台02.410inclined shaft02.411斜井belt transportation inclined shaft胶带运输斜井02.412 shaft station井底车场02.413可编辑．.loop-type shaft station环行式井底车场02.414 switch-back shaft station02.415折返式井底车场end on shaft station02.416尽头式井底车场main ramp02.417主斜坡道underground ramp井下斜坡道02.418mining area ramp02.419采区斜坡道horizontal workings drift02.420平巷turnel02.421隧道adit02.422平硐drifting02.423掘进drifting by tunneling machine平巷掘进机掘进02.426 raise 02.428天井cage raising02.429天井吊罐法掘进climber raising天井爬罐法掘进02.430branch raise 02.432分枝天井advanced support超前支护02.424pru-supporting预支护02.425reinforcement加固02.436support支架02.437temporary support02.438临时支护permanent support永久支护02.439arch support拱形支架02.440可编辑．.circular support圆形支架02.441U-shaped support02.442马蹄形支架rigid support02.443刚性支护yielding support02.444柔性（可缩性）支护lagging plank背板02.445wooden support02.446木支架close-standing props02.447密集支柱metal support02.448金属支架hydraulic support02.449液压支架post02.450立柱inverted arch底拱02.451monolithic concrete support02.452浇灌混凝土支护shotcrete lining02.453喷射混凝土支护rock bolting锚杆支护02.454cable bolting02.455锚索支护shotcrete-rock bolt-wine mesh support锚喷网支护02.456 frictional rock bolt摩擦式锚杆02.457resin rock bolt树脂胶结锚杆02.458grounting rock bolt砂浆锚杆02.459grounting 02.460注浆available support速效支护02.464New Austrian Tunneling Method新奥法02.465可编辑．.02.467金属网metal netsteel fiber reinforced concrete02.468钢纤维混凝土tie plate, backing plate02.471垫板02.472胀壳式锚杆expansion shell bolt可编辑．。
采矿专业英语词汇
汉英煤炭科技名词开采沉陷：mining subsidence; 又称“矿山岩层及地表移动”。
地下采矿引起岩层移动和地表沉陷的现象和过程。
开采程序：mining sequence; 露天采场内剥采工程在时间和空间上的发展顺序。
开采水平垂高：lift, level interval; 又称“水平高度”。
开采水平上下边界之间的垂直距离。
开采损害：mining-induced enviromental damage; 因煤炭开采造成的对自然资源及人工建筑物或构筑物的损害。
开段沟：pioneer cut; 为建立台阶工作线开挖的沟道。
开孔率：percentage of open area; 曾称“筛网有效面积”、“活面积”。
筛孔总面积与筛面面积之比(%)。
开路供水：open-circuit water supply; 水力采煤生产用水不循环复用的供水方式。
开切眼：open-off cut; 曾称“切割眼”。
沿采煤工作面始采线掘进,以供安装采煤设备的巷通。
开式落煤顺序：open-type winning sequence; 采垛内暂不留煤柱的破煤顺序。
开拓煤量：developed reserves; 通向采区的全部开拓巷道均已掘完，并可开始掘进采区准备巷道时所构成的可采储量。
开拓巷道：development roadway; 为井田开拓而开掘的基本巷道。
如井底车场、运输大巷、总回风巷、主石门等。
勘探程度：degree of exploration; 对勘探区地质条件研究和查明的程度。
勘探方法：method of exploration; 煤田勘探所采取的各种手段、工程布置和技术措施的总称。
勘探工程：exploration engineering; 地质勘探所采用的钻探、物探、坑探等各种工程的总称。
勘探工程分布图：layout sheet of exploratory engineering; 表示勘探区各勘探工程分布位置的图件。
【冶金行业类别】采矿术语英汉对照大全
02.005
矿田
Orefield
由一系列在空间上、时间上、成因上紧密联系的矿床组合而成的含矿地区，亦即矿带中的矿床、矿化点、物化探异常最集中的地区。
02.006
矿山
mine
02.007
矿井
mineshaft
02.008
02.028
采矿权
miningright
02.029
分期开采
phasedmining
02.030
矿区
minearea
02.031
富矿
richore
02.032
贫矿
leanore
02.033
矿井服务年限
minelife
02.034
矿山基本建设
mineconstruction
02.035
矿山建设期限
mineconstructionperiod
02.057
露天地下联合开采
combinedsurfaceandundergroundmining
02.058
矿体
orebody
是矿床的基本组成单位，是达到工业要求的含矿地质体，又是开采的直接对象。
02.059
矿体几何形状
geometricconfigurationoforebody
指具体描述矿体几何模型的外形轮廓。按三维空间，可分为等轴状矿体、柱状矿体和板状矿体三种三类。
露天转地下开采
openpitintoundergroundmining
02.073
覆盖岩层
overburdenrockstratum
采矿术语英汉对照大全
02 采矿矿山地质体时，区分能利用(表内)储量和暂不能利用(表外)储量的标准之一。
of 指在储量计算时，允许夹在矿体中间非工业矿石(夹石)的最大厚度。
当夹石厚度大于或等于该指标时，必须将其剔除；当夹石厚度小于该指标时，则当作矿石一起参加储量计算。
通过对相当重量的样品进行选矿、烧结、冶炼等性能的试验，了解矿石的加工工艺和可选性质，从而确定选矿、烧结、冶炼的生产流程和技术措施，对矿床做出正确的经济评价。
凿岩爆破导火索底盘抵抗线底眼电爆网络电雷管电雷管脚线电雷管点火元件电雷管桥丝电雷管电阻定向爆破顶眼硐室爆破二次爆破发射药非电导爆管辅助孔覆岩，覆土高威力炸药根底沟槽效应光面爆破含水炸药safety fusetoe burdenbottom holes, lifterselectric initiation circuitelectric cap, electric detonatorleg wire of electric detonatorfiring element of electric detonator bridge wire of electric detonator resistance of electric detonator directional blastingtop hole, back holechamber blastingsecondary blasting，boulder blasting propellant explosivenonel tubesatellite hole, relieveroverburdenhigh strength explosivetoe, tight bottomchannel effectsmooth blastingwater-bearing explosive毫秒爆破毫秒延期电雷管黑火药后冲（糊炮）药包缓冲爆破环形炮孔活动钻头火雷管millisecond blastingmillisecond electric delay detonator black powderback breakadobe charge，mud capped charge cushion blastingring holesdetachable bitcap, blasting cap平行孔掏槽parallel hole cut平行炮孔parallel holes起爆fire, firing, initiation起爆感度sensitivity起爆顺序initiation sequence起爆药（正起爆药）primary explosive起爆药包primer起爆器blasting machine起爆能力power for initiation气体间隔器gas deck钎杆stem钎尾drill shank欠挖under-break撬毛scaling球状药包爆破spherical charge blasting全断面爆破full face blasting人工装药manual charging乳化炸药emulsion explosive三角形布孔dtaggered drill pattern扇形炮孔fan-pattern holes生产爆破primary blast十字钎头cruciform bit, cross bit瞬发电雷管instantaneous electric detonator 束状炮孔bunch holes水封爆破water infusion blasting水封填塞water stemming装药charging, loading装药车装药truck charging装药系数charging factor装药密度charging density装药不耦合系数decoupling ratio自由空间爆破free space blasting自由面free face, free surface钻头bit最大安全电流maximum safety current最小准爆电流minimum firing current最小抵抗线minimum burden井巷工程巷道roadway指地下采矿时，为采矿提升、运输、通风、排水、动力供应等而掘进的通道。
采矿专业英语词汇
采矿专业英语词汇汉英煤炭科技名词开采沉陷：mining subsidence; ⼜称“矿⼭岩层及地表移动”。
地下采矿引起岩层移动和地表沉陷的现象和过程。
开采程序：mining sequence; 露天采场内剥采⼯程在时间和空间上的发展顺序。
开采⽔平垂⾼：lift, level interval; ⼜称“⽔平⾼度”。
开采⽔平上下边界之间的垂直距离。
开采损害：mining-induced enviromental damage; 因煤炭开采造成的对⾃然资源及⼈⼯建筑物或构筑物的损害。
开段沟：pioneer cut; 为建⽴台阶⼯作线开挖的沟道。
开孔率：percentage of open area; 曾称“筛⽹有效⾯积”、“活⾯积”。
筛孔总⾯积与筛⾯⾯积之⽐(%)。
开路供⽔：open-circuit water supply; ⽔⼒采煤⽣产⽤⽔不循环复⽤的供⽔⽅式。
开切眼：open-off cut; 曾称“切割眼”。
沿采煤⼯作⾯始采线掘进,以供安装采煤设备的巷通。
开式落煤顺序：open-type winning sequence; 采垛内暂不留煤柱的破煤顺序。
开拓煤量：developed reserves; 通向采区的全部开拓巷道均已掘完，并可开始掘进采区准备巷道时所构成的可采储量。
开拓巷道：development roadway; 为井⽥开拓⽽开掘的基本巷道。
如井底车场、运输⼤巷、总回风巷、主⽯门等。
勘探程度：degree of exploration; 对勘探区地质条件研究和查明的程度。
勘探⽅法：method of exploration; 煤⽥勘探所采取的各种⼿段、⼯程布置和技术措施的总称。
勘探⼯程：exploration engineering; 地质勘探所采⽤的钻探、物探、坑探等各种⼯程的总称。
勘探⼯程分布图：layout sheet of exploratory engineering; 表⽰勘探区各勘探⼯程分布位置的图件。
采矿专业英语文章带翻译
英译汉Underground Mining Methods地下采矿方法Room and Pillar Mining房柱采矿法Ramps (inclined tunnels) are excavated to connect the surface to the underground orebody. Drifts (horizontal tunnels) are excavated at different elevations to surround the orebody. Next, stopes (tunnels that have direct access to mining the ore) are mined to gain access to the ore. All tunnels are excavated by drilling and blasting. Jumbos are in charge of drilling the holes in the rocks and filling them with explosives. The loose rock, also called muck, is transported by either dump trucks back up to the surface for either waste disposal or processing.矿体由隧道（斜井）与地表联通。
阶段运输巷道分布在矿体的不同水平。
接下来，在采场采场开采矿石。
所有巷道通过钻孔和爆破的方式开掘的。
钻车是用来在岩石上钻研和并将钻孔填装炸药。
松动的岩石，也称为废石，由自卸卡车运输至废石场。
As mucking progresses, rooms (tunnels) are cut into the ore body. In order to provide safe roof support for mining, pillars of material around the rooms are left standing to hold up the rock ceiling above. Some parts of the mine roof can be particularly weak and fragile. In addition to pillar support, a jumbo is then brought back in for rock bolting of the roof to ensure safety.随着巷道的掘进，矿体被分割成矿块。
采矿名词释义及翻译
采矿名词释义及翻译下沉系数subsidence factor在充分采动条件下,开采近水平煤层时地表最大下沉值与开采厚度之比。
水平移动系数displacement factor在充分采动条件下，开采近水平煤层时地表最大水平移动值与地表最大下沉值之比。
采动系数factor of full extraction衡量在走向和倾向上地表能否达到充分采动程度的系数。
在地层和采深一定的条件下，主要决定于采空区尺寸。
围护带safety berm设计保护煤柱时，在受护对象的外侧增加的一定宽度的安全带。
抗变形建筑物deformation resistant structure采取专门的结构措施从而能抵抗开采沉陷破坏的建筑物。
刚性结构措施rigid structure measure增加建筑物刚度以抵抗开采沉陷引起损害的结构措施。
柔性结构措施flexible structure measure使建筑物能适应开采沉陷引起地基变形的结构措施。
滑动层sliding layer为减少地表水平变形引起的建筑物上部的附加应力，在基础圈梁与基础之间铺设的摩擦系数小的垫层。
缓冲沟buffer trench曾称“补偿沟”。
为减轻地表水平变形对建筑物的损害，在建筑物基础周围或一侧开挖的槽沟。
导水断裂带water conducted zone曾称“导水裂隙带”。
能使水流向采空区的断裂带和垮落带的总称。
防水煤岩柱safety pillar under water-bodies为确保水体下安全采煤而设计的煤层开采上限至水体底部的煤、岩体。
井筒煤柱开采shaft pillar extraction采取专门的技术、安全措施，在维持井筒功能的前提下开采井筒煤柱。
矿体几何学mineral deposits geometry, geometry of ore body利用数学模型和图象模型研究矿体形态和矿产特性分布及其变化的学科。
矿体几何制图geometrization of ore body应用矿体几何学的理论和方法建立矿床的数学模型和图象模型等工作。
采矿学专业概念及英语翻译
开采水平 mining level,gallery level运输大巷及井底车场所在的水平位置及所服务的开采范围。
辅助水平 subsidiary level在开采水平内,因生产需要而增设有运输大巷的水平位置及所服务的开采范围。
开采水平垂高 lift,level interval又称“水平高度”。
开采水平上下边界之间的垂直距离。
矿井延深 shaft deepening为接替生产而进行的下一开采水平的井巷布置及开掘工程。
采区准备 preparation in district采区(盘区、带区)内主要巷道的掘进和设备安装工作。
采区 district阶段或开采水平内沿走向划分为具有独立生产系统的开采块段。
近水平煤层采区又称“盘区(panel)”；倾斜长壁分带开采的采区又称(“带区(strip district)”)。
分段 sublevel曾称“小阶段”、“亚阶段”、“分阶段”。
在阶段内沿倾斜方向划分的开采块段。
区段 district sublevel在采区内沿倾斜方向划分的开采块段。
分带 strip在带区内沿走向划分的开采块段。
前进式开采 advancing mining(1) 自井筒或主平硐附近向井田边界方向依次开采各采区的开采顺序；(2) 采煤工作面背向采区运煤上山(运输大巷)方向推进的开采顺序。
后退式开采 retreating mining(1) 自井田边界向井筒或主平硐方向依次开采各采区的开采顺序；(2) 采煤工作面向运煤上山(运输大巷)方向推进的开采顺序。
往复式开采 reciprocating mining前一采煤工作面推进到终采线位置后，相邻的后续采煤工作面按相反方向推进的开采方式。
上行式开采 ascending mining,upward mining分段、区段、分层或煤层由下向上的开采顺序。
下行式开采 descending mining, downward mining分段、区段、分层或煤层由上向下的开采顺序。
采矿术语英汉对照大全
采矿术语英汉对照大全-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One102 采矿矿山地质即在当前开采技术和经济条件下，对有开采价值的单层矿体的最小厚度要求。
在储量计算圈定工业矿体时，区分能利用(表内)储量和暂不能利用(表外)储量的标准之一。
指在储量计算时，允许夹在矿体中间非工业矿石(夹石)的最大厚度。
当夹石厚度大于或等于该指标时，必须将其剔除；当夹石厚度小于该指标时，则当作矿石一起参加储量计算。
通过对相当重量的样品进行选矿、烧结、冶炼等性能的试验，了解矿石的加工工艺和可选性质，从而确定选矿、烧结、冶炼的生产流程和技术措施，对矿床做出正确的经济评价。
导火索底盘抵抗线底眼电爆网络电雷管电雷管脚线电雷管点火元件电雷管桥丝电雷管电阻定向爆破顶眼硐室爆破二次爆破发射药非电导爆管辅助孔覆岩，覆土高威力炸药根底沟槽效应光面爆破含水炸药毫秒爆破safety fusetoe burdenbottom holes, lifterselectric initiation circuitelectric cap, electric detonatorleg wire of electric detonatorfiring element of electric detonator bridge wire of electric detonator resistance of electric detonator directional blastingtop hole, back holechamber blastingsecondary blasting，boulder blasting propellant explosivenonel tubesatellite hole, relieveroverburdenhigh strength explosivetoe, tight bottomchannel effectsmooth blastingwater-bearing explosive millisecond blastingmillisecond electric delay detonator black powder毫秒延期电雷管黑火药后冲（糊炮）药包缓冲爆破环形炮孔活动钻头火雷管back breakadobe charge，mud capped charge cushion blastingring holesdetachable bitcap, blasting cap最小准爆电流minimum firing current 最小抵抗线minimum burden井巷工程主井main shaft是指为担负矿山(坑口)主要提升矿石任务的竖井、斜井。
采矿方向英汉专业名词对照
图1-1 采场上覆岩层“砌体梁”结构Figure 1-1 The Structural Model of the Overlying Strata in Longwall Mining图1-2 德国沃尔萨姆煤矿膏体充填方式Figure 1-2 Paste Backfilling Method of Walsum Coal Mine图2-2 煤矿开采地表下沉盆地的形成过程Figure 2-2 The Formation Process of the Subsidence Basin Caused by Coal Mining图2-3 淮北某矿地表下沉和水平移动理论计算曲线与实测数据对比（据郝庆旺，1988）Figure 2-3 Comparison of Theoretical Curve and Observed Data of Surface Movement in a Certain Coal Mine of Huaibei Mining Area (From Hao Qingwang, 1988)图2-4 条带开采煤炭采出率与地表下沉系数的关系Figure 2-4 Relationship between Subsidence Factor and Recovery Ratio in Strip Partial Mining图3-1 不迁村采煤允许下沉系数计算图Figure 3-1 Critical Subsidence Factor for Non-Village-Relocation Coal Extraction图3-2 短壁条带间隔充填法示意图Figure 3-2 Schematic Diagram of Interval Backfilling Mining in Shortwall Faces图3-3 长壁间隔充填法示意图Figure 3-3 Schematic Diagram of Interval Backfilling Mining in Longwall Face图3-4 地表下沉盆地体积计算图Figure 3-4 Calculation of Surface Subsidence Volume图3-5 充填体接顶率和充填体体积压缩率关系曲线Figure 3-5 Relationship between Backfilling图4-2 砌体梁结构受力图Figure 4-2 The Structural Model of the First Strong Stratum and Its LoadsBody Height Ratio and Volume Compression Ratio图3-6 关键层临界尺寸与工作面开采尺寸的关系Figure 3-6 Relationship between the Working Face Size and the Critical Size of the Key Stratum图4-1 采场上覆岩层中的“砌体梁”力学模型Figure 4-1 The Structural Model of Voussoir Beam in the Overlying Strata of Longwall Mining图4-3 砌体梁结构位移曲线Figure 4-3 The Displacement Curves of the V oussior Beam Structure图4-4 砌体梁结构内部离层分布曲线Figure 4-4 The Distribution Curves of the Bed Separation inside the V oussior Beam Structure图4-5 不同充填体接顶率时的顶板下沉曲线Figure 4-5 Roof Deformation Curves with Different Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height 图4-6 不同充填体弹性模量时的顶板下沉曲线Figure 4-6 Roof Deformation Curves with Different Elastic Modulus of the Backfilling Body图4-6 不同充填体弹性模量时的顶板下沉曲线Figure 4-6 Roof Deformation Curves with Different Elastic Modulus of the Backfilling Body图4-7 “下硬上软”型岩层结构下沉曲线Figure 4-7 Strata Deformation Curves of the Under Stratum Strong and Upper Stratum Soft Structure图4-8 “上下同性”型岩层结构下沉曲线Figure 4-8 Strata Deformation Curves of the Same Nature Stratum Structure图4-9 “下软上硬”型岩层结构下沉曲线Figure 4-9 Strata Deformation Curves of the Under Stratum Soft and Upper Stratum Strong Structure图4-10 层间软弱岩层厚度对岩层下沉曲线的影响Figure 4-10 Effect of the Thickness of the Soft Strata between Two Strong strata on the Strata Movement 图5-1 金川二矿区尾砂膏体的级配组成[15]Figure 5-1 Gradation Composition of Tailings Paste of Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area图5-2 金川二矿区全尾砂和细石膏体的级配组成[15]Figure 5-2 Gradation Composition of Tailings and Fine Stone Paste of Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area图5-3 铜绿山铜矿和德国Preussag金属公司膏体的级配组成[15]Figure 5-3 Paste Gradation Composition of Tonglushan Copper Mine and Preussag Metal Company 图5-7 小屯矿破碎煤矸石的粒级组成Figure 5-7 Size Range of Cracked Refuse of Xiaotun Coal Mine图5-8 小屯矿粉煤灰的粒级组成Figure 5-8 Size Range of the Fly Ash for Xiaotun Coal Mine图5-9 小屯矿充填粉煤灰粒度分析图Figure 5-9 Grain Size Analysis Pictures of the Fly Ash for Xiaotun Coal Mine Backfilling图5-10 粉煤灰用量与膏体料浆坍落度的关系Figure 5-10 Relationship between the Slump and Fly Ash Quantity for Paste Slurry图5-11膏体料浆浓度与坍落度的关系Figure 5-11 Relationship between the Slump and Concentration for Paste Slurry图5-12 胶结料用量与膏体料浆坍落度的关系Figure 5-12 Relationship between the Slump and Cementitious Material Quantity for Paste Slurry图5-13 粉煤灰用量及浓度变化对膏体料浆泌水率的影响Figure 5-13 Effect of Fly Ash Quantity and Concentration Change on Bleeding Rate of the Paste Slurry 图5-14 相同浓度下剪切应力与剪切速率的关系Figure 5-14 Relationship between Shear Stress and Shear Speed Rate with Same Concentration图5-15 相同粉煤灰用量剪切应力与剪切速率的关系Figure 5-15 Relationship between Shear Stress and Shear Speed Rate with Same Fly Ash Quantity图5-16 相同浓度下表观黏度与剪切速率的关系Figure 5-16 Relationship between Apparent V iscosity and Shear Speed Rate with Same Concentration 图5-17 相同粉煤灰用量表观黏度与剪切速率的关系Figure 5-17 Relationship between Apparent V iscosity and Shear Speed Rate with Same Fly Ash Quantity图5-18 膏体充填体强度与龄期的关系Figure 5-18 Relationship between Strength and Setting Time of Paste Backfilling Body图5-19 胶结料种类与充填体强度的关系Figure 5-19 Relationship between the Strength and Cementitious Material Type图5-20 胶结料用量与充填体强度的关系Figure 5-20 Relationship between the Strength and Cementitious Material Quantity图5-21 膏体料浆浓度与充填体强度的关系Figure 5-21 Relationship between the Strength and Paste Slurry Concentration图5-22 粉煤灰用量与充填体强度的关系Figure 5-22 Relationship between the Strength and Fly Ash Quantity图5-23 膏体充填体单轴压缩全应力－应变曲线Figure 5-23 The Fully Stress-Strain Curve of Paste Backfilling Body under Uniaxial Compression图5-24 膏体充填体三轴压缩应力－应变关系Figure 5-24 The Stress-Strain Curves of Paste Backfilling Body under Triaxial Compression图5-24 膏体充填体三轴压缩应力－应变关系Figure 5-24 The Stress-Strain Curves of Paste Backfilling Body under Triaxial Compression图5-25 膏体充填体高度与其强度的经验曲线Figure 5-25 The Experiential Curve for the Height and Strength of Paste Backfilling Body图5-26 膏体充填体高度与其强度的托马斯模型曲线Figure 5-26 The Thomas Model Curve for the Height and Strength of Paste Backfilling Body图5-28 充填体高度与充填体强度设计系数之间的关系Figure 5-28 Relationship between the Height and Strength Design Factor of Backfilling Body图5-29 煤柱宽度与充填体强度设计系数之间的关系Figure 5-29 Relationship between the Coal Pillar Width and Strength Design Factor of Backfilling Body图6-1 充填体接顶率对下沉系数的影响Figure 6-1 Effect of the Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height on Subsidence Factor图6-2 不同充填体接顶率时的地表下沉曲线Figure 6-2 Surface Subsidence Curves with Different Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height图6-3 充填体弹性模量对下沉系数的影响Figure 6-3 Effect of the Elastic Modulus of Backfilling Body on Subsidence Factor图6-4 不同充填体接顶率时的地表倾斜变形曲线Figure 6-4 Surface Tilt Curves with Different Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height图6-5 不同充填体接顶率时的地表水平变形曲线Figure 6-5 Surface Deformation Curves with Different Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height图6-6 不同充填体接顶率时的支承压力分布曲线Figure 6-6 Abutment Pressure Curves with Different Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height图6-7 应力集中系数与充填体接顶率的关系Figure 6-7 Relationship between the Stress Concentration Factorand Ratio of Backfilling Body Height to Mining Height图7-1膏体充填系统框图Figure 7-1 Block Diagram of the Paste Backfilling System图7-3 太平煤矿充填站充填进度Figure 7-3 Progress Chart of the Paste Backfilling Station of Taiping Coal Mine图7-2太平煤矿膏体充填工艺流程图Figure 6-2 Flow Chart of Paste Backfilling Technology for Taiping Coal Mine图7-4 太平煤矿膏体充填现场照片Figure 7-4 Photos for Paste Backfilling in Taiping Coal Mine图7-5 8311充填工作面走向地表沉陷实测曲线Figure 7-5 Field Measurement Curve of the Subsidence along the Strike of 8311 Working Face图7-6 8311充填工作面倾向地表沉陷实测曲线Figure 7-6 Field Measurement Curve of the Subsidence along the Dip of 8311 Working Face图7-7 8311充填工作面支架阻力实测曲线Figure 7-7 Field Measurement Curve of the Support Resistance of 8311 Working Face图7-8 8311充填工作面支架活柱长度变化曲线Figure 7-8 Field Measurement Curve of the Support Upper Prop Length of 8311 Working Face图7-9 工作面取样充填体强度Figure 7-9 Strength of the Backfilling Body from the Working Face图7-10 8309充填工作面欠接顶量统计柱状图Figure 7-10 Column Chart of the Gap between Backfilling Body and Roof of 8309 Working Face表2-1 采动岩体中一些典型空源膏体充填采煤面顶底板塑性区分布plastic zone distribution of roof and floor in Paste backfilling mining faceTable2-1 Typical Space Source in Mining Rock Mass表3-1 砖混结构建筑物损坏等级Table 3-1 Damage Ranks of Brick-Concrete Structure Buildings表3-2 采空区全部充填法地表下沉系数计算结果Table 3-2 Calculation Results of the Subsidence Factor of Full Goaf Backfilling Method表3-3 威尔逊顶板分类方案[17]Table 3-3 Wilson’s Roof Classification Scheme表5-1 国内外部分矿山膏体充填料的特征[15]Table 5-1 Characteristics of the Paste Backfilling Materials of Some Mines at Home and Abroad 表5-3 小屯矿煤矸石测试结果Table 5-3 Test Results of the Refuse from Xiaotun Coal Mine表5-4 小屯矿粉煤灰测试结果Table 5-4 Test Results of the Fly Ash for Xiaotun Coal Mine表5-5 膏体充填体单轴抗压强度测试结果Table 5-5 Test Results of Uniaxial Compressive Strength of the Paste Backfilling Body 表5-6 膏体充填体再生强度测试结果Table 5-6 Test Results of Regeneration Strength of the Paste Backfilling Body表5-7 胶结料种类及用量与充填体强度的关系Table 5-7 Relationship between the Strength and Cementitious Material Type and Quantity表6-1 数值模拟方案Table 6-1 Numerical Simulation Schemes表6-2 力学性质参数Table 6-2 Mechanical Property Parameters表6-3 不同模拟方案时的力学性质参数Table 6-3 Mechanical Property Parameters in Different Simulation Schemes表6-4 不同方案时的数值模拟结果Table 6-4 Simulation Results of Different Schemes表7-1 膏体充填开采初期成本构成Table 7-1 Cost of Paste Backfilling Mining in the Early Stage摘要 (I)目录 (X)1 前言 (1)1.1 选题的目的与意义 (1)1.1.1 采空区岩层控制研究是保护矿区环境的需要 (1)1.1.2 采空区岩层控制研究是解放“三下”压煤的需要 (2)1.2 国内外研究现状与存在问题 (4)1.2.1 岩层移动与开采沉陷理论的研究现状 (4)1.2.2 岩层移动与开采沉陷控制技术现状 (7)1.2.3 对现有岩层移动、开采沉陷理论与控制技术的评述 (11)1.2.4 膏体充填技术发展概况 (12)1.3 研究的内容与技术路线 (16)Table of Contents ABSTRACT (I)TABLE OF CONTENTS (X)1 Preface (1)1.1 Purpose and Meaning of the Selected Topic (1)1.1.1 Environmental Protection of Mine Needs to Control the Strata above the Goaf (1)1.1.2 To Recover the Coal under Buildings, Railways and Water-bodies Needs to Control the Strata above the Goaf 1.2 Present Situation and Existing Problems of the Research (4)1.2.1 Present Situation of the Strata Movement and Mining Subsidence Theory (4)1.2.2 Present Situation of the Technology to Control the Strata Movement and Mining Subsidence 71.2.3 Comment on the Present Theory and Control Technology about Strata Movement and Mining Subsidence1.2.4 General Situation of the Paste Backfilling Technology (12)1.3 Research Objectives and Technology Approach (16)2 采空区充填控制地表沉陷的原理 (17)2.1 地表沉陷的机理 (17)2.1.1 地表沉陷的形成过程 (17)2.1.2 造成地表沉陷的根源 (19)2.2 采空区充填控制地表沉陷的原理 (19)2.2.1 采动岩体的空隙扩散模型 (20)2.2.2 采空区充填控制地表沉陷的空隙量守恒理论 (26)2.2.3 岩层控制的关键层理论 (32)2.3 本章小节 (33)2 The Theory for Surface Subsidence Control by the Goaf Backfilling Method .172.1 The Mechanism of Surface Subsidence (17)2.1.1 The Formation Process of Surface Subsidence (17)2.1.2 The Cause of Surface Subsidence (19)2.2 The Theory for Control Surface Subsidence by Goaf Backfilling (19)2.2.1 Space Diffusion Model for Mining Rock Mass (20)2.2.2 Space Conversation Theory for Surface Subsidence Control by Goaf Backfilling Method ..262.2.3 Key Strata Theory in Ground Control (32)2.3 Brief Summary (33)3 采空区充填方法及参数确定研究 (35)3.1 地表沉陷对建（构）筑物的影响 (35)3.2 村庄下压煤充填开采的设计原则 (35)3.2.1 “三下”压煤开采原则 (35)3.2.2 村庄下压煤不迁村充填开采设计原则 (37)3.3 采空区充填方法的确定 (39)3.3.1 采空区充填方法 (39)3.3.2 采空区充填方法的确定 (41)3.4 采空区全部充填法技术参数的确定 (42)3.4.1 地表允许沉陷体积计算 (42)3.4.2 充填技术参数的确定 (43)3.5 采空区全部充填法地表下沉系数的预计 (44)3.5.1 地表下沉系数的计算公式 (44)3.5.2 地表下沉系数计算公式的意义 (45)3.5.3 理论计算与实测结果的对比 (47)3.6 采空区部分充填法技术参数的确定 (49)3.6.1 采空区部分充填法的设计原则 (49)3.6.2 充填技术参数的确定 (50)3.7 采空区部分充填法地表下沉系数的预计 (53)3.8 本章小节 (54)3 Study on Determination for the Goaf Backfilling Method and Its Parameters 353.1 Influences of Surface Subsidence on Buildings (35)3.2 The Design Principle of Goaf Backfilling Technology for Recovering the Coal under Villages35 3.2.1 The Principle for Coal Mining under Buildings, Railways and Water-bodies (35)3.2.2 The Design Principles for Non-Village-Relocation Coal Mining with Goaf Backfilling under Villages 37 3.3 Determination of Goaf Backfilling Method (39)3.3.1 Goaf Backfilling Methods (39)3.3.2 Determination of Goaf Backfilling Method (41)3.4 Technical Parameter Determination of Full Goaf Backfilling Method (42)3.4.1 Calculation of the Critical Surface Subsidence Volume (42)3.4.2 Technical Parameter Determination (43)3.5 Subsidence Factor Prediction for Full Goaf Backfilling Method (44)3.5.1 Calculation Formula for Subsidence Factor (44)3.5.2 The Value of the Calculation Formula for Subsidence Factor (45)3.5.3 Contrast between the Theoretical and Field Measurement Results of Subsidence Factor (47)3.6 Technical Parameter Determination of Partial Goaf Backfilling Method (49)3.6.1 The Design Principles for Partial Goaf Backfilling Method (49)3.6.2 Technical Parameter Determination (50)3.7 Subsidence Factor Prediction for Partial Goaf Backfilling Method (53)3.8 Brief Summary (54)4 地表沉陷与工作面顶板岩层移动的关系 (55)4.1 引言 (55)4.2 全部垮落法开采时地表沉陷与工作面顶板岩层移动的关系 (56)4.2.1 工作面顶板岩层的移动 (56)4.2.2 上覆岩层的移动和离层 (59)4.3 充填开采时地表沉陷与工作面顶板岩层移动的关系 (61)4.3.1 多层弹性基础梁模型 (61)4.3.2 多层弹性基础梁的挠曲线方程 (62)4.3.3 充填开采上覆岩层移动规律分析 (66)4.4 本章小节 (69)4 Relationship between Surface Subsidence and Roof Strata Movement of the Working Face55 4.1 Introduction (55)4.2 Relationship between Surface Subsidence and Roof Strata Movement of the Working Face with the Caving Method (56)4.2.1 Roof Strata Movement of the Working Face (56)4.2.2 Movement and Bed Separation of the Overlying Strata (59)4.3 Relationship between Surface Subsidence and Roof Strata Movement of the Working Face with the Goaf Backfilling (61)4.3.1 Structure of Multilayer Elastic Foudation Beam (61)4.3.2 Deflection Curve Equations of Multilayer Elastic Foudation Beam (62)4.3.3 Movement Analysis of the Overlying Strata with Goaf Backfilling (66)4.4 Brief Summary (69)5 膏体充填体物理力学性质及其稳定性分析 (71)5.1 引言 (71)5.2 膏体充填的概念和特点 (71)5.3 煤矿膏体充填材料的组成 (72)5.4 煤矿膏体充填材料的物理性质 (76)5.4.1 太平煤矿膏体充填材料的物理性质 (76)5.4.2 小屯矿膏体充填材料的物理性质 (79)5.5 煤矿膏体充填料浆的物理性质 (83)5.5.1 坍落度 (83)5.5.3 流变参数 (87)5.6 煤矿膏体充填体的力学性质 (89)5.6.1 膏体充填体强度 (89)5.6.2 膏体充填体的变形性能 (93)5.7 膏体充填体的稳定性分析 (96)5.7.1 膏体充填体的自稳分析 (97)5.7.2 膏体充填体的长期稳定性分析 (100)5.7.3 煤柱稳定性分析 (106)5.8 本章小节 (107)5 Physical Mechanical Properties of the Paste Backfilling Body and Its Stability Analysis 71 5.1 Introduction (71)5.2 The Concept and Features of Paste Backfilling (71)5.3 Composition of Coal Mine Paste Backfilling Material (72)5.4 Physical Properties of Coal mine Paste Backfilling Materials (76)5.4.1 Physical Properties of the Paste Backfilling Materials of Taiping Coal Mine (76)5.4.2 Physical Properties of the Paste Backfilling Materials of Xiaotun Coal Mine (79)5.5 Physical Properties of Coal Mine Paste Backfilling Slurry (83)5.5.1 Slump (83)5.5.2 Bleeding Rate (85)5.5.3 Rheology Parameters (87)5.6 Mechanical Properties of Coal Mine Paste Backfilling Body (89)5.6.1 Strength of the Paste Backfilling Body (89)5.6.2 Deformation Capability of the Paste Backfilling Body (93)5.7 Stability Analysis for the Paste Backfilling Body (96)5.7.1 Self-Stability Analysis for the Paste Backfilling Body (97)5.7.2 Long Term Stability Analysis for the Paste Backfilling Body (100)5.7.3 Stability Analysis for the Coal Pillar (106)5.8 Brief Summary (107)6 采空区充填岩层控制的数值模拟 (109)6.1 引言 (109)6.2 数值模型的建立 (109)6.2.1 FLAC简介 (109)6.2.2 数值模型的建立 (110)6.3 采空区全部充填法地表沉陷影响因素分析 (111)6.4 采空区全部充填法对支承压力分布的影响 (116)6 Numerical Simulation for Strata Control by the Goaf Backfilling (109)6.1 Introduction (109)6.2 Numerical Model Building (109)6.2.1 Brief Introduction for FLAC (109)6.2.2 Numerical Model Building (110)6.3 Analysis of Influencing Factors on Surface Subsidence of the Full Goaf Backfilling Method 111 6.4 Influence on Abutment Pressure of the Full Goaf Backfilling Method (116)6.5 Brief Summary (117)7 采空区膏体充填岩层控制的工程实践 (119)7.1 煤层开采条件 (119)7.2 充填方法及其技术参数的确定 (120)7.2.1 采空区充填率 (120)7.2.2 充填体的强度 (121)7.2.3 充填材料总体性能要求 (121)7.3 充填工艺系统 (122)7.3.1 材料储存 (124)7.3.2 配料制浆 (124)7.3.3 管道泵送 (125)7.3.4 工作面充填 (125)7.4 工业性试验概况 (125)7.5 现场观测结果与分析 (127)7.5.1 地表沉陷观测结果 (127)7.5.2 工作面矿压观测结果 (128)7.5.3 充填体质量观测结果 (129)7.5.4 观测结果分析 (131)7.6 取得的成果和存在的主要问题 (131)7.7 经济效益分析 (132)7.8 本章小节 (134)7 Engineering Practice of Strata Control by Goaf Paste Backfilling (119)7.1 Mining Conditions of the Coal Seam (119)7.2 Determination for the Goaf Backfilling Method and Its Parameters (120)7.2.1 Backfilling Ratio of the Goaf (120)7.2.2 Strength of the Backfilling Body (121)7.2.3 General Requirements for the Backfilling Material (121)7.3 Paste Backfilling Technology System (122)7.3.2 Slurry Preparation (124)7.3.3 Piping Transport (125)7.3.4 Working Face Backfilling (125)7.4 General Aspect of the Industrial Test (125)7.5 Observation Results and Analysis (127)7.5.1 Subsidence Observation Results (127)7.5.2 Observation Results of the Strata Behaviors (128)7.5.3 Observation Results of the Quality of Backfilling Body (129)7.5.4 Analysis for the Observation Results (131)7.6 Achievements and Existing Problems (131)7.7 Economic Benefit Analysis (132)7.8 Brief Summary (134)8 结论与展望 (135)8.1 主要结论 (135)8.2 研究展望 (136)参考文献 (137)作者简历 (1376)学位论文原创性声明 (1378)学位论文数据集 (1379)8 Conclusion and Prospect (135)8.1 Main Conclusion (135)8.2 Research Prospect (136)References (137)Author Resume (146)Declaration of Thesis Originality (148)Dissertation Date Collection (149)摘要煤矿膏体充填开采是一种有效的解决煤矿开采对水资源、土地资源、建筑物等造成破坏的开采方法，相对于其它垮落法开采、条带开采、离层区注浆、水砂充填等开采技术而言，具有安全性高、采出率高、环境友好等优点，膏体充填采矿技术的应用，是煤炭工业贯彻落实科学发展观、实现绿色采矿的重要举措，是煤炭开采技术的革新，也是21世纪采矿技术的重要发展方向之一，必将促进我国煤矿安全、高效、可持续地发展。
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采矿名词中英文解释（比较全）房柱式采煤法每隔一定距离先采煤房直至边界,再后退采出煤房之间煤柱的采煤方法。
掩护支架采煤法在急斜煤层中,沿走向布置采煤工作面,用掩护支架将采空区和工作空间隔开、向俯斜推进的采煤方法。
伪倾斜柔性掩护支架采煤法flexibleshieldmininginthefalsedip 在急煤层中，沿伪倾斜布置采煤工作面，用柔性掩护支架将采空区和工作空间隔开，沿走向推进的采煤方法。
倒台阶采煤法在急斜煤层中,布置成下部超前的台阶形的工作面,并沿走向推进的采煤方法。
正台阶采煤法又称“斜台阶采煤法”。
在急斜煤层中，沿伪倾斜方向布置成上部超前的台阶形工作面,并沿走向推进的采煤方法。
水平分层采煤法急斜厚煤层沿水平面划分分层的采煤方法。
斜切分层采煤法急斜厚煤层沿与水平面成25－30°角的斜面划分分层的采煤方法。
仓储采煤法急斜煤层中将采落的煤暂留于已采空间中,待仓房内的煤体采完后,再依次放出存煤的采煤方法。
伪斜长壁采煤法在急斜煤层中布置俯伪斜长壁工作面,用密集支柱隔开已采空间,并沿走向推进的采煤方法。
长壁放顶煤采煤法开采6m以上缓斜厚煤层时,先采出煤层底部长壁工作面的煤,随即放采上部顶煤的采煤方法。
水平分段放顶煤采煤法在急斜煤层中,按一定高度分成若干个分段。
在分段内先采出底部工作面的煤,随即放出上部顶煤的采煤方法。
放煤步距用放顶煤采煤法时,沿工作面推进方向前后两次放煤的间距。
放煤顺序放顶煤时,各放煤口放煤方式和次序。
放采比用放顶煤采煤法时,上部放顶煤高度与下部工作面采高之比。
自重充填曾称“自溜充填”。
利用自重将充填材料送入采空区的充填方法。
机械充填利用机械将充填材料抛入采空区的充填方法。
风力充填利用压缩空气通过管道把充填材料送入采空区的充填方法。
水力充填曾称“水砂充填”。
利用水力通过管道把充填材料送入采空区的充填方法。
注砂井用贮存充填材料的砂仓和进行水砂混合的注砂室组成的充填设施。
充填步距沿工作面推进方向一次充填采空区的距离。
充填能力充填系统单位时间内能输送的充填材料的体积。
充采比每采出1t煤所需充填材料的立方米数。
充填倍线充填管路总长度与充填管路入口至出口的高差之比。
充填沉缩率充填体经过一定时间压缩后,其沉缩的高度与原充填高度之比。
矿山压力简称“矿压”，又称“地压”；曾称“山岩压力”、“围岩压力”。
存在于采掘空间围岩内的力。
矿山压力显现在矿山压力作用下,围岩或支护物呈现的各种力学现象。
原岩[体]未受采掘影响的天然岩体。
围岩矿体或采掘空间周围的岩体。
原岩应力曾称“原始应力”、“天然应力”。
天然存在于原岩内的应力。
采动应力又称“再生应力”；曾称“次生应力”。
受采掘影响在岩体内重新分布后形成的应力。
应力增高区stress-concentratedarea曾称“集中应力区”、“应力增高带”。
岩体内采动应力高于原岩应力的区域。
应力降低区曾称“卸压区”、“应力降低带”。
岩体内采动应力低于原岩应力的区域。
叠加应力受两个以上采掘工作面影响而形成的合成应力。
自重应力岩层自身重力引起的应力。
构造应力地壳构造运动在岩体中引起的应力。
支承压力由于采掘空间原被采物承受的载荷转移到周围支承体上而形成的压力。
前支承压力曾称“临时支承压力”、“移动性支承压力”。
采煤工作面煤壁前方的支承压力。
后支承压力采煤工作面后方采空区内形成的支承压力。
侧支承压力曾称“残余支承压力”、“固定性支承压力”。
采空区或巷道一侧或两侧的支承压力。
松动压力围岩中松散或脱落岩块自重对支护物产生的压力。
变形压力围岩变形、位移、膨胀对支护物产生的压力。
顶板赋存在煤层之上的邻近岩层。
底板赋存在煤层之下的邻近岩层。
伪顶位于煤层之上随采随落的极不稳定岩层，其厚度一般在0.5m以下。
直接顶位于煤层或伪顶之上具有一定的稳定性,移架或回柱后能自行垮落的岩层。
基本顶又称“老顶”。
位于直接顶或煤层之上，通常厚度及岩石强度较大、难于垮落的岩层。
顶板稳定性未经人工支护的悬露顶板在某一段时间内保持不冒落的能力。
坚硬岩层强度高、节理裂隙不发育、整体性强、自稳能力强的岩层。
松软岩层粘结力差、强度低、易风化、有时遇水膨胀、自稳能力差的岩层。
破碎顶板岩层节理裂隙十分发育、整体强度差、自稳能力低的顶板。
人工顶板曾称“人工假顶”。
分层开采时为阻挡上分层垮落矸石进入工作空间而铺设的隔离层。
再生顶板分层开采时上分层垮落矸石自然固结或人工胶结形成的下分层开采的顶板。
上覆岩层煤层或采掘空间之上的岩层。
离层采掘空间上方相邻岩层沿层理面产生分离的现象。
自然平衡拱曾称“冒落拱”、“压力拱”。
采掘空间上方岩层破坏后形成的相对稳定的拱形结构。
原生裂隙岩体生成过程中自然形成的裂隙。
构造裂隙岩体生成后受地质构造作用而形成的裂隙。
采动裂隙岩体受采掘影响而形成的裂隙。
岩石软化系数岩石水饱和试件与干燥(或自然含水)试件的单向抗压强度的比值。
普氏系数шкалакрепостипородпоМ.М.Протодьяконову(俄),Protodyakonovcoeffic 全称“普罗托季亚科诺夫系数”；曾称“岩石硬度系数”。
区分岩石坚固程度的系数,其值等于岩石的单向抗压强度(MPa)除以10。
岩石粘聚力曾称“岩石粘结力”、“岩石内聚力”。
岩石内部相邻矿物颗粒表面分子之间的吸引力。
岩石内摩擦角岩石破坏极限平衡时剪切面上的正应力和内摩擦力形成的合力与该正应力形成的夹角。
岩层控制为控制由采掘工程引起的围岩及岩层变形、移动和破坏而采取的各种技术措施。
[工作面]顶板控制曾称“顶板管理”。
采煤工作面工作空间支护和采空区处理工作的总称。
垮落法使采空区悬露顶板垮落后充填采空区的岩层控制方法。
充填法用充填材料充填采空区的岩层控制方法。
缓慢下沉法在采空区后方利用顶板下沉和底板隆起的特性任其自然合拢的岩层控制方法。
煤柱支撑法在采空区中留适当宽度煤柱以支撑顶板的岩层控制方法。
回柱从将要废弃空间中撤出支柱（架）的工序。
放顶通过移架或回柱缩小工作空间宽度使采空区悬露顶板及时垮落的工序。
初次放顶采煤工作面从开切眼开始向前推进一定距离后，通过人为措施使直接顶第一次垮落的工序。
无特种柱放顶cavingwithoutspecificprops,cavingwithoutbreakerprops 曾称“无密集放顶”、“无排柱放顶”。
在工作空间与采空区交界线上不专为放顶架设任何特种支柱的放顶方法。
强制放顶采空区中顶板难以自行垮落时采用爆破等方法强迫顶板垮落的方法。
控顶距[/B]采煤工作面中煤壁至末排支柱的顶梁后端，或至放顶柱之间的距离。
放顶距曾称“放顶步距”。
相邻两次放顶的间隔距离。
端面距曾称“梁端距”。
采煤工作面支架顶梁前端至煤壁之间的距离。
无支柱距工作面中靠近煤壁第一排支柱与煤壁之间的距离。
冒顶rooffall又称“顶板冒落”。
采掘工作空间内或井下其它工作地点顶板岩石发生坠落的事故。
顶板破碎度roofflakingratio端面距范围内冒落高度超过10cm的顶板面积与其总面积之比。
顶板单位破碎度specificroofflakingratio又称“顶板破碎指数”。
折算成端面距为1m时的顶板破碎度。
局部冒顶partialrooffall采掘工作空间或井下其它工作地点局部范围内顶板岩石坠落造成的顶板事故。
区域性切冒extensiveroofcollapse又称“大面积塌冒”；曾称“大面积来压”。
采空区内大面积悬露的坚硬顶板在短时间内突然塌落而造成的大型顶板事故。
压垮型冒顶crushrooffall因工作面内支护强度不足和顶板来压引起支架大量压坏而造成的冒顶事故。
推垮型冒顶thrustrooffall因水平推力作用使工作面支架大量倾斜而造成的冒顶事故。
端面冒顶roofflaking端面距范围内顶板岩石坠落造成的事故。
漏顶faceroofcollapsewithcavity长壁工作面局部范围内顶板岩石呈碎块或碎屑状冒落，形成空穴的冒顶事故。
片帮ribspalling,sloughing矿山压力作用下煤帮（壁）或岩帮（壁）发生塌落的现象。
顶板垮落roofcaving曾称“顶板冒落”、“顶板陷落”、“顶板塌落”。
回柱或移架后采空区内顶板自然塌落的现象。
顶板垮落角roofcavingangle曾称“顶板冒落角”。
顶板垮落后其断裂面与顶板层面之间朝采空区方向形成的夹角。
不规则垮落带irregularlycavingzone曾称“不规则冒落带”。
采空区内顶板岩层垮落后岩块呈杂乱堆积的岩层带。
规则垮落带regularlycavingzone曾称“规则冒落带”。
不规则垮落带上部顶板岩层垮落后岩块堆积排列较整齐的岩层带。
岩石碎胀系数bulkingfactor,swellfactor岩体破碎后与破碎前体积的比值。
垮采比caving-heightratio采用垮落法时采空区内垮落带高度与工作面采高之比。
顶板压力roofpressure顶板给支架的作用力。
初次来压firstweighting基本顶初次破断在采煤工作面引起的矿压显现。
周期来压periodicweighting基本顶周期破断在采煤工作面引起的矿压显现。
动载系数dynamicloadcoefficient又称“顶板来压强度系数”。
基本顶来压期间工作面支架上的载荷平均值与未来压时平均值之比。
顶底板移近量roof-to-floorconvergence顶板下沉量与底板鼓起量之和。
顶底板移近率roof-to-floorconvergenceratio顶底板移近量占移近前原高度的百分率。
顶板回弹roofrebound上覆坚硬岩层断裂时顶板瞬时上升的现象顶板台阶下沉roofstep坚硬顶板破断成岩块后由煤壁至采空区方向呈台阶状向下错动的现象。
顶板弱化roofweakening曾称“顶板软化”。
通过注水或化学等方法使坚硬顶板岩体强度减弱的现象煤岩固化coal/rockreinforcement通过注浆等手段增强煤体或岩体的自稳能力的技术措施。
底鼓floorheave由于矿山压力作用或水的影响,底板发生隆起的现象冲击地压rockburst,pressurebump又称“岩爆”；曾称“矿山冲击”。
井巷或工作面周围煤岩体，由于弹性变形能的瞬时释放而产生突然剧烈破坏的动力现象。
常伴有煤岩体抛出、巨响及气浪等现象。
矿震shockbump井巷或工作面周围煤岩体中突然在瞬间发生伴有巨响和冲击波的震动但不发生煤岩抛出的弹性变形能释放现象。
恒阻支柱yieldingprop受载达工作阻力后,压缩量增加工作阻力基本保持恒定的可缩性支柱。
增阻支柱latebearingprop受载达工作阻力后,压缩量增加工作阻力随之增加的可缩性支柱。
摩擦支柱frictionalprop利用摩擦力产生工作阻力的可缩性支柱。