美国社会与文化课后练习题(可编辑修改word版)
朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》配套题库【课后习题】(美国文学)
第7章美国文学Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1. American literature is mainly about the seeking of the American people for success and happiness. _____【答案】T【解析】美国文学主要是关于美国人民追寻成功和幸福。
2. Rip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fenimore Cooper. _____【答案】F【解析】《瑞普·凡·温克》是小说家及历史家华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving）的名篇。
故事主要讲述主人公瑞普·凡·温克喝醉之后在梦中的奇遇，然后顿悟过了一生。
3. The Leather-Stocking Tales consist of five novels depicting the American West. _____【答案】T【解析】《皮袜子故事集》是美国作家詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏（James Fenimore Cooper）的系列小说，共包含《杀鹿者》（The Deerslayer）、《最后的莫希干人》（The Last of the Mohicans）、《探路人》（The Pathfinder）、《拓荒者》（The Pioneer）和《大草原》（The Prairie）等五部小说。
4. Before Mark Twain, all major American writers were born on the East Coast. _____ 【答案】T【解析】马克·吐温（Mark Twain），美国作家、演说家，生于美国密苏里州佛罗里达。
当代美国社会与文化试题与答案（代保平课）
当代美国社会与文化试题与答案（代保平课）美国枪支管制的妨碍因素.根源：美国枪支问题的出现，是与长久以来所形成的枪支文化紧密相关。
而这种枪支文化的形成，则是由美国早期特殊的历史积淀所造就的。
16世纪，当第一批欧洲人历经艰辛来到美洲大陆后，面对着极为恶劣的外部环境。
除了抵御野兽的来袭，还要和当地印第安人对抗。
在这种混乱纷杂的环境下，当时并没有政府或者社会组织提供有效的防卫措施，唯一可以信赖的就是自身的力量，而枪支在保障人身安全方面发挥了重要的作用。
不仅如此，在北美大陆，打猎从一开始就已经成为一种谋生手段，枪支就成为猎杀野兽、维持生计的重要工具。
妨碍因素：1.利益集团的斗争NRA美国政治在很大程度上是一种利益集团政治，以布雷迪运动为首的枪支管制组织和以全美步枪协会为首的反对力量之间展开了激烈的交锋，竞相对国会施加压力。
可以说，围绕枪支问题的争夺已经变成了一种利益集团政治。
全美步枪协会被公认为是美国社会中最为强大的单一问题利益集团。
在历次国会枪支立法的过程中，全美步枪协会都扮演了核心的角色。
在全美步枪协会看来，民众持有武器的权利不得随意剥夺，反对任何形式的枪支管制，而主张严惩使用枪支犯罪的罪犯。
2.宪法修改的程序困境美国建国前后，拥有和携带枪支的权利，和言论自由一样，已被视为最珍视的个人权利之一。
而且枪支管制的问题，涉及对美国宪法第二条修正案的解释问题。
当时，共有7个州采用了"权利法案"，都含有保护民兵或者明确支持持有和携带枪支的条文规定。
近年来，在枪支问题变得突出之后，维护持枪权利的组织和人士始终依托宪法第二条修正案，反对任何的枪支管制措施。
3.民众态度的分化具体来说，妇女、城市居民、非美国本土出生者、政治上倾向自由主义者、不拥有枪支者相对更倾向于支持枪支管制，而男性、乡村居民、美国本土出生者、政治立场保守者、枪支拥有者则相对消极，不少人还采取激烈的反对态度。
而具体到地域上，城市居民出于对犯罪率上升的担忧，所以主张枪支管制的呼声就比较高涨；而在美国南部和中西部的山区，人们钟爱于打猎，也依赖枪支来防身，所以反对枪支管制的呼声相对很高。
美国文化练习题
美国文化练习题美国是一个多元文化的国家，拥有丰富多样的文化特点。
下面是一些美国文化练习题，让我们一起来了解一下吧！题目一：美国的国庆节是哪一天？答案：美国的国庆节是每年的7月4日。
这一天庆祝美国独立宣言签署的纪念日，人们会举行各种庆祝活动，如焰火、游行等。
题目二：美国最受欢迎的体育项目是什么？答案：美国最受欢迎的体育项目是美式足球（American Football）。
它是一项以肌肉对抗为主要特点的体育运动，其竞技水平和观赏性都非常高。
题目三：美国最大的城市是哪个？答案：美国最大的城市是纽约市（New York City）。
作为一个全球性的重要城市，纽约市不仅是金融、商业和文化中心，还有着丰富的历史和多元文化。
题目四：美国最受欢迎的音乐风格是什么？答案：美国最受欢迎的音乐风格是流行音乐（Pop Music）。
美国是全球音乐产业的领头羊，许多知名的流行歌手和乐团都来自美国。
题目五：美国的国花是什么？答案：美国的国花是玫瑰（Rose）。
玫瑰被认为是爱情和美的象征，它也是美国各州花中的代表之一。
题目六：美国最有名的电影奖项是什么？答案：美国最有名的电影奖项是奥斯卡金像奖（Academy Awards）。
奥斯卡金像奖是世界上最具影响力的电影奖项之一，每年由美国电影艺术与科学学院颁发。
题目七：美国最长的河流是什么？答案：美国最长的河流是密西西比河（Mississippi River）。
它全长约3,730公里，是美国重要的内河航道和水资源。
题目八：美国最高的建筑是哪座？答案：美国最高的建筑是纽约的自由女神像（Statue of Liberty）。
自由女神像是法国赠送给美国的礼物，它象征着自由和民主。
题目九：美国最有名的节日是什么？答案：美国最有名的节日是感恩节（Thanksgiving）。
感恩节是美国人民表达感激之情的重要节日，人们会与家人和朋友共进丰盛的晚餐，并给予对彼此的感激。
题目十：美国最受欢迎的旅游景点是哪里？答案：美国最受欢迎的旅游景点是大峡谷（Grand Canyon）。
(完整版)美国社会与文化课后练习题
“美国社会与文化”课后练习题I. 单选1.Which of the following statement is CORRECT about the geographic location ofthe United States of America?A.South of North America, southern temperate zone;B.South of North America, northern temperate zone;C.North of North America, northern temperate zone;D.North of South America, southern temperate zone.2.The boundary line between America and Mexico, starts from the mouth of the RioGrande River and finally ends at the ___________ seashore.A. AtlanticB. PacificC. IndianD. Oceanic3. _________, known as the Eastern Coastal Plain, is a wide strip between the Atlantic and the Appalachians.A. Mexico seacoastB. Caribbean seacoastC. Bering seacoastD. Atlantic seacoast4. Rocky Mountains stretch all the way from ________ to _________.A. Mexico, the ArcticB. Mexico, the AtlanticC. Alaska, the AtlanticD. Alaska, Mexico5．The Yellow Stone National Park is located in __________.A. the Grand CanyonB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Death ValleyD. the Willamette Valley6.According to functionalist perspective, which one is not mentioned as the functionof education?A.Providing custodial careB.Promoting national unityC.Reducing unemploymentD.Teaching knowledge and skills7.“Head Start” movement was conducted to __________.A.Give every child equal opportunity to receive education.B.Bring those who were at disadvantage to have equal opportunity to receiveeducation.C.Initiate an optional course in school.D.Improve the academic performance of students.8.Regarding the education reforms, _________.A.New paradigm supporters are confident in markets.B.Systemic reformers believe in consumers.C.The new paradigm and the old one are totally different.D.Both the reforms reached good result.9.Which of the following is related closely to religion?A.public schoolsB.Private schoolsmunity schoolsD.Parochial schools10.For the schools at local level, _____________.A.the central government assigns the president.B.V oted governing board is responsible for the governance of the local school.C.The education quality is not very high-standard.D.Teachers are less-paid than the state-run schools.11.The sources of American Folk Music are _________.A.the British Isles and AfricaB.the British Isles and AsiaC.European countriesD.All of the above12.American Folk Music represents ________.A.the American IndiansB.the tribal music of primitive peoplesC.American cultureD.The western American lives13.The foremost form of Anglo-Celtic folk music is ________.A.church musicB.BalladryC.Tribal musicD.Harmonic music14.Bob Dylan is ____________.A.American folk singer folksinger, banjo playerC.American singer and composerD.American folksinger and song writer15.A disc jockey is supposed to ___________.A.Design the programs for radio stations.B.Mix different kinds of music togetheranize the dancing tuneD.Blend only certain types of music together to create new ones.16.Donkey stands for________.A. Democratic PartyB. Republican PartyC. Labor PartyD. Federalist Party17. The president of the United States must be at least ________.A. 40 years oldB. 35 years oldC. 45 years oldD. 37 years old18. Which of the following is not considered as the cornerstone of traditionalAmerican belief?A. Individual FreedomB. Equality of OpportunityC. Material WealthD. Racial Diversity19. _____ is responsible for the relation of the United States with foreign countries.A. congressB. presidentC. ambassadorD. chief judge20. The president can veto any bills passed by congress, unless ______ in each housevote to override the veto.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 4/5D. 1/221.Juvenile Crime, in law, term denoting various offenses committed by children oryouths under the age of _______.A. 16B. 14C. 18D. 2022.Which country remains the only Western democracy that imposed the deathpenalty on some of those convicted of murder?_______A. CanadaB. the United StatesC. EnglandD. Germany23.The largest and best organized association standing for firearm users in Americastates, “ Guns don’t kill people, people kill people”, which is _________.A. NRAB. Gun ClubC. WHOD. ARA24.Series of studies clearly show that ______ and violence are interrelated.A. RaceB. SexC. AgeD. Drugs25.The unlawful killing of a human being by a person who had an intent to kill is thedefinition of the crime of ______.A. MurderB. ManslaughterC. AssaultD. Battery26.What is the scientific definition of family given by sociologists?A.We are born into a family, mature in a family, form new families, and leavethem at our death. Family life is a universal human experience.B.The family is a fundamental God given institution built into the very natureof the universe.C.The family is an arbitrary cultural structure. It is a group of people heldtogether by bonds of love and affection.D.The family is a group of people who are related to one another by bonds ofblood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit,and bear and raise children.27.What is the basis for traditional family structure?A.Extended familyB.Nuclear familyC.KinshipD.Immediate family28.What are the diverse patterns of contemporary families?A.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent Households, Stepfamilies, Gay and LesbianMarriagesB.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent HouseholdsC.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Stepfamilies, Gay and Lesbian MarriagesD.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Two-Parent and One-ParentHouseholds, Gay and Lesbian Marriages29. What are the major family problems?i.Divorceii.Remarriageiii.Violenceiv.Work and Family InequalityA. (1) (2) (3)B. (1) (3) (4)C. (1) (2) (4)D. (1) (2) (3) (4)30. What are the causes for an aging American society?(1) A continued low fertility rate(2)Ever-greater life expectancy rate due to advances in medicine(3)The baby boom generation reaching old age.(4)Improved social services and more favorable public policiesA. (1) (2) (4)B. (1) (2)(3)C. (1)(2)(3)(4)D. (2)(3)(4)31.There occurred three times of immigration waves since 1620. The third wave tookplace ___________, and the number of immigrants rose to 23,500,000, most of whom came from such South-eastern European countries as Italy and Russia.A. between 1820 and 1850B. between 1851 and 1870C. between 1871 and 1920D. between 1881 and 192032.In 1886, _________ gave the United States the Statue of Liberty as a gesture offriendship, and since then the Statue, which is standing on an island near Ellis Island, has become a symbol of hope, lighting the way for new arrivals.A.FranceB. BritainC.GermanyD. Spain33.In recent decades, some important legislative documents have remapped the orderof American immigration policies. Among them, ___________ gave the priority to the applicants for family reunification, and since then the number of Asian immigrants has increased rapidly.A. the Immigration Act of 1965B. the Illegal Immigration ActC. the USA Patriot Act of 2001D. the Exclusion Act of 188234.Americans make active use of their legal system and take great pride in being alitigious people. The underlined part means that ___________.A.Americans are fully aware of their legal rightsB.Americans are protective towards their legal rightsC.Americans are jealous of others’ legal rightsD.Americans are fond of taking matters to a court of law35.Like al other judges, ___________ are appointed by the president with theapproval and consent of the senate.A. the district judges B the Attorney GeneralC. Chief of JusticeD. justice of the peace36.The most important element in US economy against inflation was____________.A. the federal Reserve BoardB. the International Monetary FundC. the World BankD. big corporations37.The following are the strengths of the US economy except __________.A. the highest standard of livingB. the lowest unemployment rateC. low rate of savingsD. high productivity of US industries38.Which of the following is not included as essential elements in Americaneconomic system?A. Productivity.B. Income equality.C. Creativity.D. Stability.39．Which combination is right?A.Passing of the Social Security Act---- post-1960B.President Nixon---- the Great SocietyC.President Carter---- the Great SocietyD.President Reagan---- the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act40．Which of the following is not the major role that the US media is playing?A. WatchdogB. Speech RectifierC. SignalerD. Common CarrierII．名词解释1）Gold Rush2) Martin Luther King Jr.3) The New Deal4) The Great Depression5) Laissez-Faire6) Affirmative Action Program7) The Baby Boom8) The Great Society9) Racism10) Ku Klux Klan11) Original Sin (Inherent Sinfulness)12) Welfare State13) Westward Expansion14) WASP15) Rating Code16) McCarthyism17) American Dream18) the Iron Curtain19) the Marshall Plan20) Watergate Scandal21) extended family22) nuclear family23) Hispanic Americans24) Manifest Destiny25) Separation of PowersIII. Essay Questions1) How would you describe the relationship between President and Congress in theUnited States?2) Do you think economic affluence will inevitably lead to consumerism andexcessive individualism? Why or why not?3) What are the major American values? What are the changes in the American values?What are the factors that contribute to these changes?4) What is the origin of the myth of Asian Superiority? Why do you think the myth ofAsian Superiority is harmful?5) What are some of the characteristics of American education? How do Americansview the role of education in American society and in their individual life?6) America is widely accepted as the engine of the world economy. In what way doyou think the American economy has influenced and will influence the world?7) Immigration takes place with, at least, two forces at work, namely the pull forceand the push force. Pick any one ethnic group in the United States as an example and illustrate its experience in the “pull and push” framework.8) Throughout the U.S. history, the two major parties, the Republican and theDemocratic, have been holding powers alternatively in the country. What key functions have they played in American politics? Why is it that minor parties in the U.S. have never been able to challenge the two-party system in the power struggle of American politics?9) The death penalty and gun control have been issues of bitter controversy in nationaland state politics of the United States. Discuss the reasons why Americans are so divided over these two issues, and explain how values and principles clash with each other in these two controversial issues.10) Sports, particularly football, have traditionally played a significant role inAmerican colleges and universities. What are their social, cultural, and economic implications for universities and students?Basic American values:Individual freedom --- the freedom of individuals to fulfill their own individual needsand do as they wishSelf-reliance --- being able to take care of themselves and not depend on others for supportEquality of opportunity --- having an equal chance to succeed, regardless of whethersex, race, or ageCompetition --- having to compete with others for success, rather than expecting to be given something for freeMaterial wealth --- viewing possessions as the mark of having status in the societyand as the natural reward for hard workHard work --- the belief that everyone should work hard, sometimes for very long hours, to be successful。
英语国家社会与文化入门下册课后习题集(期末备考复习)
U3 American BeginningsⅠ1. The question “What is an American?” was first asked by J. Hector ST. John de Crevecoeur. (T)2. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. (T)7. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe. (T)8. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founding fathers of the United States of America. (F)Ⅱ1. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? (A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.)3. The following were the main Reformation leaders except. (B. Martin Luther King.)7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except. (C. William Penn.)10.”No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of. (D. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.)Ⅲ1. In 1782, the Frenchman who settled in Pennsylvania first asked the question “what is an American” in his book (letters from An American Farmer)2. The New World of America was peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first one from (Asia) and the second from (Europe) and (Africa).3. American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arriver. These three civilizations were (The Aztecs),(the Incas)and(the Mayas).4. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of (1492).5. The English king claimed the territory of North America based on the voyage of (John Cabot)Ⅳ3. The Declaration of Independence.The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4,1776, When the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.U4 The Political System in the United StatesⅠ1. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unified nation as it is today. (F)3. The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. (T)4. The main duty of the Congress id to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. (T)6. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. (F)7. The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. (T)9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West. (T)Ⅱ4. Which of the following statements NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, (A. there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.)5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? (B. The legislative. )6. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president? (C. The president can make laws.)7. The Bill of Rights consists of (C. 10 amendments added to the Constitutionin 1791)8. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? (B. The freedom of searching a person’s home by police. )Ⅲ4. The Constitution set up a federal system with (a strong central government.)5. A federal system is one in which power is shared between (a central authority) and (its constituent parts) with some rights reserved to each.6. The US federal government consists of the following three branches: the executive, (the legislative) and (the judicial).7. The Congress id divided into (the House of Representatives) with 435 members who serve two-year terms, and (the Senate) with 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms.8. Groups who try to persuade Congressmen to vote for or against a bill are known as (lobbies).9. The Supreme Court is composed of (1) chief justice and (8) associate justices.10. The Supreme Court has the function of determining whether Congressional legislative or executive action violates the Constitution. This power is called (judicial review).12. The two major political parties are (the Democratic party), which is thought to be more liberal, and (the Republican party), which is believed to be more conservative.Ⅳ2. A federal systemA federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each.3. The making of the US ConstitutionThe Articles of Confederation failed. The Congress decided to hold a constitutional convention to revise the Articles of Confederation. The delegates from 12 states (Rhode Island refused to participate) gathered in Philadelphia in 1787 and ended up in writing a new constitution and set a federal system with a strong central government. The Constitution provided that an election of the president would be called, federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate and a Supreme Court would be set up. This new Constitution was finally approved by the majority of the citizens in over 9 of the 13 states and was officially put into effect in 1787.5. The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791.The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.U5 American EconomyⅠ2. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill. (T)5. Many people believe that the economic freedom of capitalism is crucial to America’s economic success. (T)6. When people buy stocks, the become part owner of the company. (T)8. One reason for America’s affluence is that a lot of people have inherited wealth from their parents. (F)9. Strong domestic demand is one factor contributing to America’s affluence. (T)Ⅱ1. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of (B. Rhode Island)2. The “American system” of mass production was first used in (C. firearms industry)3. The United States had the first standard paper currency in (C. 1863)5. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry? (D. Steelmaking)6. The United States was rated (C. fourth) in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.Ⅲ2. When starting a business or launching new ventures, money was needed. That money was known as (capital).3. One advantage of corporation over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has (limited liability), so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets.4. The best-known stock exchange is (the New York Stock Exchange) located in (the Wall Street) area of New York City.6. The Constitution of The United States bars all kinds of internal (tariffs), so manufacturers do not have to worry about (tariff barriers) when shipping goods from one part of the country to another.Ⅳ5. Service industriesService industries are industries that sell a service rather than make a product. Service industries range from banking to telecommunications to the provision of meals in restaurants. As more and more people are employed in service industries in the US, it is sometimes said that the US has moved into a "post-industrial era”.U8 Education in the United StatesⅠ3. American university students have always liked to get degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for certain professions. (F)4. One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted by a college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests. (T)5. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive. (F)6. It takes at least fours years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. (T)7. Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954. (T)Ⅱ1. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students? (B. Politics and business education)2. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by (D. boards of education)3. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?(C. Elementary school, secondary school)4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education? (B. Research institutions)5. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception? (C. large universities offer scholarships all students)7. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that (B. they pass the college entrance examinations)8. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. (B. the State University of New York)9. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except (A. investment)10. To get a bachelor’s degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except (C. taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophy)Ⅲ1. About 90% of American students go to (public) schools and 10% attend (private) schools.3. The foal of education in the United States is to achieve universal (literacy) and provide individuals with knowledge and skill necessary to promote the welfare for individuals and the general public.4. Every state in America has its own laws about (education) and all states require young people to go to school. Thus, every child in America is guaranteed up to (13) years of education.5. Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income: (student tuition) endowments and (government funding).6. After earning a certain number of credits (about 120) in four years of college, the undergraduate student gets a (bachelor＇s) degree. The other two higher degrees are master＇s degree and (doctor＇s degree)Ⅳ2. Boards of educationBoards of education refer to groups of people who make policies for schools at the state and/or district level. They also make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification, and the overall measurement of student progress.U10 Social Problems in the United StatesⅠ2. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United States now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans, who account for 11.7% of the population. (F)4. The problem of poverty does not exist in the United States because the overall distribution of wealth and income is equal. (F)5. Drug abuse in the United States has come to be regarded as one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation. (T)8. Corruption in the United States takes the form of fraud, false advertising, corporate price fixing, bribery, embezzlement, and tax evasion. (T)9. Statistics usually overlook white-collar crimes because they are affected by police reporting practices and that many crimes are unreported. (T)Ⅱ3. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups? (A. The aggressive nature of these groups)4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?(D. Robbery)6. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? (C. Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment)7. If white-collar crimes were Included in the Crime Index, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be the following EXCEPT (D. living near city centers)Ⅲ3. Former President (Nixon) said that crime is America's "number one enemy.”4. American slavery was finally abolished by (the Civil War), Lincoln's emancipation of slaves in 1863 and (the 13th Amendment to the Constitution) in 1865.6. Drug abuse in the US is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs, or (dysfunctions).8. To further their interests, large corporations in the US usually have professional (lobbyists) in Washington D.C.to influence public officials behind the scenes.9. According to the text, those arrested for crimes in the United States are very likely to be male, young, a member of a (racial minority) and a (city resident).IV1. The black "underclass”The majority of the blacks today have failed to share in the general gains of progress made in the past decades. The urban ghettos now contain a permanently impoverished "underclass” of habitually unemployed or underemployed black people. Many of them are young and unskilled. They live in cities where the unemployment rate for teenage black workers runs as high as 50%or about 8 times the rate for the American work force as a whole. This "underclass" could continue to persist, even in the absence of racial discrimination, in much the same way as other pockets of poverty persist-that is, for reasons of social-class inequality. Living in an environment of poverty, decay, crime, drug addiction, joblessness, and hopelessness, this ghetto underclass offers an explosive potential for the future.5. White-collar crimesWhite-collar crimes are those committed by higher income groups such as the crimes of fraud, false advertising, corporate price fixing, bribery, embezzlement, industrial pollution, tax evasion and so on. Yet the statistics provided by the FBI tend to overlook white-collar crimes. In fact, white-collar crimes are often ignored by law enforcement agencies. Some sociologists argue that the higher classes may actually have a higher rate of crime than the lower classes.U17 The Country and its PeopleⅠ1.Canada is the largest country in North American continent. (T)2. Canada is rated regularly as having the highest standard of living in the because it has rich natural resources. (F)2.The majority of the Canadian population live in an area not far away fromthe Canadian-US border. (T)4. French is an official language in Quebec and maritime provinces. (F)6. Toronto is the biggest city and the capital of Canada. (F)II1. Which of the following statements about Canada true? (C. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small population)7. Who first came and settled Canada? (B. French colonists)III1. Canada consists of (10) provinces and (3) territories. But mostCanadians live in the south of the country, along the 49th parallel.3. Canada's motto is that the country stretches “from sea to sea", with the (Pacific) Ocean on the west coast and the (Atlantic) on Ocean on the east coast.4. Canada and the United States have good relations, and they share the longest (undefended national border) in the world.7. The capital of Canada is (Ottawa) and the second largest city is (Montreal).IV1. The Canadian identityIt is sometimes very hard to define what true Canadian identity is. But in general, it refers to something which is distinctively Canadian, which is different from other countries, and which is the very reason for making Canada so special. For example, two official languages of English and French can be considered as part of the Canadian identity.U19 The Canadian MosaicⅠ1. Officially, Canada refers to itself as a multicultural society within a bilingual framework. (T)Ⅱ1. What is the other official language besides English in Canada? (C. French)2. In the late 19th century, Chinese labourers came to Canada to (B. build the railroad)5. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak (D. Cantonese)Ⅲ1. Many people use the notion that American society is a (melting pot) while Canada is described as a (mosaic)2. Multiculturalism has caused something of a problem in that Canadians often feel they lack a (“notional identity”)Ⅳ1. The Canadian MosaicWhen Canada is described as a mosaic, it means that the immigrant groups do not have to throw off their old customs, languages and traditions. There is no particular concept of an overarching Canadian identity. This resembles a mosaic of different cultures which overlap but do not overwhelm each other.。
武汉大学美国社会与文化慕课答案
武汉大学美国社会与文化慕课答案答案均来自本人收集整理，未经授权禁止转载，还需要其它答案的同学，可以直接发私哦，私都会一一回复的，评论不回复哈！1、The US is locatedA、in the Eastern HemisphereB、in the Western HemisphereC、between the Pacific and the Indian OceansD、between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean答案：in the Western Hemisphere--------------------------------2、Which is the highest mountain range in North America?A、Pacific CoastB、Rocky MountainsC、Appalachian MountainsD、Canadian Shield答案：Rocky Mountains--------------------------------3、Which event directly provoked the American Revolution?A、The France-Britain WarB、Imposition of new taxes by BritainC、The Boston Tea Party incidentD、No representation of the colonies in the British Parliament答案：The Boston Tea Party incident--------------------------------A、Benjamin FranklinB、Thomas JeffersonC、John AdamsD、Robert Livingston答案：--------------------------------5、The Gilded Age refers to an era of rapid growth and blatant corruption in the late 19th century. The name was borrowed from a novel written byA.the United States in 120s.B.the United States in early 20th century.C.the United States in 1950s.D.the United States in late 20th century.答案：B--------------------------------1、The First Article of the US Constitution gives the law-making power toA、Congress (the legislative branch)B、President (the executive branch)C、Supreme Court (he Judicial branch)D、The States答案：C 此题为细节题，根据文章“The Tournament starts each year six weeks before the first Monday in August．”可知C 为正确答案。
美国社会与文化完型题库
P20Even though the U.S.A. is all about self-reliance , individualism and self-esteem, religion is very important . A great variety of faiths are represented in the United States. Religion in itself is a value that helps keep people together.State and church are separate and religion is not taught in public school, but Christian values are often mingled into the concept of American values . This can be seen ,for example, in the Pledge of Allegiance and in sayings like”In God We Trust” and”God bless you”.Since Americans move so often,their church becomes a network where they can make new friends and be included in the community.This should not be so hard considering that the three qualities that are often emphasized as typically American are informality, a general friendliness to strangers,and a strong community feeling.P36Historically, some of the extremely wealthy Americans have made generous contributions to help others. In the early 1900s, for example, Andrew Carnegie, a famous American businessman, gave away more than $300 million to help support schools and universities and to build public libraries in thousands of communities in the United States. The motive for humanitarianism and volunteerism is strong:Many Americans believe that they should devote part of their time and wealth to religious or humanitarian causes in order to be acceptable in the eyes of God and in the eyes of other Americans. Many businesses encourage their employees to do volunteer work, and individuals may get tax deductions for money given to charity.P46The willingness to experimentand invent led to another American trait, a "cando" spirit, or a sense of o ptimism that every problem has a solution. Americans like to believe that a d ifficult problem can be solved immediately--------an impossible one may take a littlelonger. They take pride in meeting challenges and overcoming difficult obstacle s. This cando spirit has traditionally given Americans a sense of optimism about themselves and their country. Many like to say that if the United States can land a man on the moon, no problem on earth is impossible.P48Many Americans believe that when the founding fathers wrote the Constitution, they meant to ensure the right of people to own guns. They would argue that law-abiding citizens should be allowed to keep guns in their own homes. The frontier strengthened the tradition of owning guns because it was an unsettled region and settlers need guns for hunting and protection. They had to be tough, and part of the frontier legacy is the physical prowess and rugged individualismof Western movie heroes. Frontier settlers were also known for their inventiveness and their can-do spirit.P79In spite of the nation’s immigrant tradition,it still is not easy being a newc omer to the U.S.Often,there is family conflict because parents hold onto “old-country”ways while their children become Americanized.For many adult immigrants,learning English is a very difficult task.Finding a good job in this highly technological nation is another challenge.Nevertheless,most immigrants love their adopted land and live happily in it.The U.S.has given many people a sense of hope and safety that they never had before.In return,immigrants have enriched their adopted land with their skills,talents,ideas,and hard work. The U.S.A.is a strong and prosperous country largely because it is a nation of immigrants.P91American people do not like arranged marriages.Before marriage,one first goes out with someone for a while,and usually they know each other through social contract.There is not much practical consideration concerning marriage,and usually America people place priority on “love” over family background or financial conditions.How can the wedding guests know what gifts the couple wants?They can go to the department store where they can get a list from the bridal registry ,and the items on the things the couple wants to receive.On the wedding day,a ceremony is conducted by the minister and there the couple swears their lifelong devotion to each other . After the ceremony,there comes the wedding reception where the wedding guests can enjoy the food , drinks and dances.P99Sometimes, newcomers to the U.S. mistakenly conclude that Americans simply leave their elderly parents in nursing homes. Millions of middle-aged Americans members of the “sandwich generation”-take care of both their elderly parents and their children. However, for elderly people who are very ill or disabled , a nursing home may be the only alternative if their children are working and no one is home during the day to take care of them. Family members usually select a nursing home nearby so that they can visit often. Americans are constantly seeking new ways of caring for increasing numbers of older people with physical limitations.P103Most American attitudes about good manners(礼貌) relate to showing respect and consideration for others. Americans believe that all people are entitled(有资格的) to equal opportunity and respect. No one is privileged(享有特权的),and no one is worthless. A person who acts very humble(谦逊的) and timid(羞怯的) willmake his or her American friends uncomfortable. On the other hand, a domineering person will have trouble keeping American friends. A polite but assertive(独断的) manner is socially acceptable. No matter what your status is in relation to other people, feel free to look directly into his eyes and speak your true feelings. Occasionally, it is a social necessary to tell a ”white lie” and compliment(恭维，称赞) someone on something you don’t really like. But, most of the time, you can express your true opinions. Americans won’t mind if you disagree with them as long as you show respect for them and their ideas.P114The nation’s major citie s are among its most popular tourist attractions. All year round, tourists jam the streets and hotels of Manhattan; they come to see the skyscrapers(摩天大楼),visit museums, art galleries, theaters, and famous specialty shops, and eat in the elegant(优雅的) and exotic(异国的) restaurants. Besides New York, people are also attracted by cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, New Orleans, and Philadelphia. With Hollywood as the home of the American movie industry, and Disneyland, the nation’s most fabulous(极好的) amusement park, Los Angeles becomes a fascinating place for people of all ages. As for San Francisco, it is the leading seaport(港口) of the Pacific Coast(太平洋海岸). It is famous for its bridges, cable cars(缆车), breathtaking(令人窒息的) scenery and seafood. To the visitors, New Orleans has its especial attraction. With many remainders of Old Europe and the Old south, this birthplace of jazz gives people a feeling of continental flavor. Compared with other cities, Philadelphia stands as a historical place. People come here to see the Liberty Bell that had announced the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and visit the building where the nation’s Constitution had been signed.P149So why, after all these years, is the world stuck on Elvis? The answer lies in culture: Elvis Presley is American myth personified. He is greater than the sum of his songs and movies; he symbolizes the American Dream. Born in poverty, Elvis used his innate talent to rise above his condition and achieve his dream, without coming from a socially connected, politically powerful, or wealthy family. He propelled himself from an unknown hillbilly singer to international super-stardom as a rock’ n’ roll performer, only to die young and leave behind a growing legion of fans.Those fans choose to ov erlook Elvis’ drug dependency and other excessive behavior, preferring instead to recall what they see as his better nature. During his lifetime, Elvis donated money to charities and brought gifts for the poor and his family and friends. Furthermore, the hometown boy who made good never left the comfort of Memphis, always keeping close to his roots, remembering the people and places from which he came.For some, the reasons behind the continued celebration of Elvis’s life are not so mythical. So many talents today are one-hit wonders, unable to lay claim as the world’s greatest entertainer. Elvis had talent, strength, and charisma. He changed a generation. Sam Phillips, who first recorded Elvis on Sun Records, gives a simple response when asked about Elvis’s undying popularity, “Elvis has lasted because he was one of us.”。
美国社会与文化复习资料（DOC）
美国社会与⽂化复习资料（DOC）US Entertainment---SportsPART I Choose the correct answer.1.The most popular baseball league in the U.S. is ________ .A. Major League FootballB. Major League BaseballC. the American LeagueD. the National League2.Innings are divided into halves, referred to as the top and bottom of the inning.A 1B 2C 3D 43. was a truly American originA FootballB baseballC BasketballD ice-hocky4. The 32-team is the most popular and only major professional football league.A NILB NBLC NBAD NFL5. The typical American sports of baseball, basketball and football arose from games that were brought to America by _____.A. Native AmericansB. the first settlersC. the African slavesD. English people6. Which of the following sports is invented in the United States?A. FootballB. BasketballC. BaseballD. SoccerPART II Fill in the blanks1.Baseball is the oldest of the major American team sports, though baseball is no longer the most popular sport, it is stillreferred to as the "national pastime.“2. A baseball game is divided into nine periods of play, called innings.3. The National Basketball Association, is the world's premier men's professional basketball league and one of the major professional sports leagues of North America4. Football, known as gridiron or American football outside the U.S. and Canada, attracts more television Viewers than baseball, and is considered the most popular sport in the United States.5. The United States is one of creators of the International Olympic Committee6. In 1994, the US hosted _the World Cup_, which sparked increased interest in the sport.7. _Major League Baseball_ is the highest level of professional baseball competition in North America.8. The professional championship game of _football_ is called the Super Bowl.9. Sports have contributed to racial and social integration and over history have beena “social glue”bonding the country together.III True or False Statement1. ( T) Sports in the US not only provide recreation for its people, but also teach important values.IV Definition1. baseballIt is a game between two teams of 9 people. One team trying to gain points by hitting a ball and running around the field, the other tries to stop them by catching the ball and throwing it.2. NFLThere are two leagues the AFL (American Football League) and the NFC (National Football Conference) which together are part of the NFL (National Football League) 3. PATAt that stage, the team can earn one additional point by kicking the ball through the goal posts, a Point After Touchdown.V Answer questions1.What important role do sports play in American society?US Values 2014I Fill in the blanks.1. Americans believe that all people have an equal opportunity to succeed in life, despite the physical or economic conditions into which they were born.2. Americans focus more on the future than the past and even the present. Almost all energy is directed towards realizing a better future.3. American always cherishes the following values: equality, respect, gratitude, loyalty, responsibility. And, independence show up in modern American families.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1. Americans are even disrespectful of those in authority. What is their preference when they are called by people?A. Mr. or Mrs.B. first nameC. middle nameD. last nameV Explain each item in your own words1. American DreamThe so-called American Dream , is a belief that as long as the United States after a hard struggle will be able to achieve the idea of a better life, that is, people have to work through their own hard work.VI Questions for short answers1. The characteristics of uniformity in American culture.With regard to language, there is no real regional or class variety in speech or usage.There is not much difference in habits and ways of living. In general people share the same ideas, ideals and objectives. American people are almost entirely an urban society.In general there is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookery, music or literature.VII Questions for discussion1.What characteristics of the American values in America impress you most in the movie ?Unit 3 American HolidayFind the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Valentine's Day: a festival of romance and affection by exchanging tokens of loveSt. Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear greenEaster: In Christian countries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to someone with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: carnationColumbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus Halloween: “Trick or treat”Thanksgiving Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his reindeersDefinition:Presidents’ DayIt honors two great American Presidents: Abraham Lincoln and George Washington. third Monday in Feb.Thanksgiving Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November, celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they survived their first winter in the new world. The theme has always been peace and plenty.Martin Luther King’s DayIt is on Jan. 15th to celebrate the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr., a great civil rights leader who fought against racial discrimination.Independence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the signing of the Declaration of Independence.Veteran's DayNovember 11, Also known as Remembrance Day, Armistice Day. It honors all the brave servicemen and women who have put their lives on the line to defend the rights and freedom of all Americans.Thanksgiving Day:The fourth Thursday in November, Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme has always been peace and plenty.Christmas:D ecember25,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and bringschildren presents at Christmas;Unit 5 American EducationI. Fill in the blanks/doc/747384256.htmlcation in the United States is provided mainly by government, withcontrol and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local.2. Elementary school is for the students who are in Grade 1-6, at the age of 6-11.3. (Senior) high school is for the students who are in Grade 9-12, at the age of 14-17.Definition:Ivy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, Yale UniversityV. Explanation1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of college and university1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student’s high school records3) recommendation from their high school teachers4) the impression they make during interview at the university5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)VI. Composition1.What characteristics of the higher education in America impress you most?US General IntroductionI Fill in the blanks.1.Since the time of independence of the United States, 48continental states were added.2.Two states are separated from the continental US, that is Hawaii inthe Pacific Ocean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3.In the US, there are 4 time zones form the east to west.4. “WASP” stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in theUnited States.6. Washington, D.C is named after George Washington and ChristopherColumbus.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America , withCanada_ to the north and Mexico to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and Atlantic Ocean to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city isNew York City.9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the RockyMountains are in the western part.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.How many continental states were there at the time of independence ofthe US?A.35B. 48C. 13D.502.Which of the following was the last continental state added to theUnion?A.KentuckyB.ArizonaC.PennsylvaniaD.Alaska3.Which of the following description of uniformity of American culture isnot true?A.People in general share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB.There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage ofEnglish.C.There is not much really distinctive regional architecture orcookery.D.Generally speaking people have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the American continent?A Hawaii and Alaska.B Hawaii and ArizonaC Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is ______ .A. Los AngelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco6. Which two lakes consist of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and MichiganB. Michigan and HuronC. Huron and ErieD. Erie and Ontario7. What are the five famous symbols of American culture?A. Barbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, TheStatue of LibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty, Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, AmericanGothicC. American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statueof LibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the national rose and tree of US?A. rose and palmB. rose and oakC. tulip and oakD. tulip and palmIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50th states of the United States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispanics.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirteen states of the United States mainly located along the eastern seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union in the 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los Angels.1. Find the nicknames of the following States in the USA. Arkansas: Land of OpportunityCalifornia: Golden StateColorado: Centennial StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier；Peninsula State Massachusetts: Old Colony State；Bay State V Explain each item in your own words1. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgrounds) and the differences between the first generation ofimmigrants and long-established Americans.2. Manhattan IslandIt is south-east part of New York City.It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world: Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, the United Nations Building, Central Park, Harlem and so onVI Questions for short answers1. Which was the “mother country”?The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteen colonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most people think of when they say “New York”?Because famous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, Central Park, Harlem and so on are on this island.Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questions and Answers on the Text1.Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2.When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3.Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4.How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobacco.5.Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6.When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7.How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirteen8.In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to allnewspapers?The stamp Act9.How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1.After the first shot of the American War of independence was fired at Lexingtonon April 19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2.It began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded aContinental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments—the bill of Rights wereadded to the Constitution in 17912.It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech, the right of citizensto bear arms, protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1.After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation onJanuary1, 1863 to win more support at home and abroad.2.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy. Reconstruction1.After the Civil War, the US Congress put forward the program of Reconstruction,or reform, of the Southern states.2.The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3.It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified in all southern statesand all federal troops were withdrawn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1.After the Civil War, some southern whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2.It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests andadvantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3.By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, but it revived severaltimes in later history.Franklin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was elected president in1932.2.Within the historic “Hundred Days”, he launched the New Deal program to dealwith the Depression3.He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression, many Americansconsidered him as one of the most respected presidents in American history. The Social Security Act1.As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.2.It established contributory old-age and survivors’ pen sions and a jointfederal-state program of unemployment insurance.Social ProblemI choose the correct answer1.Who is responsible for the War on Poverty?A NixonB JohnsonC KennedyD Michael Harrington2.Which of the following is not drug?A MafiaB HeroinC LSD D Cocaine3.Which of the following publishes the Uniform Crime Reports?A the CIAB The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration.C The FBID The Supreme Court4.Those arrested for crimes are disproportionately likely to be three of the following except .A a city residentB youngC a member of a racial majorityD male5.Drug abuse is a social problem because of the following dysfunctions except that .A it is strongly associated with crimeB it is blamed for half of the annual total of road traffic fatalitiesC drug dependence takes a significant toll on personal health and safetyD the profits of organized crime associated with drug are an economic cost to society.II Fill in the blanks1.Poverty reemerged as a social program in the 1960s and was perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ideals and American reality.2.In 1960s, two American Presidents, President Kennedy and President Johnson, tried to solve the problem of poverty. /doc/747384256.htmltwo of the programs that were associated withthe War on Poverty: VISTA and Job Corps .4.Much of medifraud takes place in Medicaid mills./doc/747384256.htmltwo kinds of outlawed drugs: heroin and LSD.6.Drug abuse has become the most challenging social problem in the US.7.The large corporations maintain professional lobbyists in Washington to further their own interests.III True or False1. (T) The earliest two medical insurance programs are Blue Cross and Blue Shield.2. (F) Former President Carter said that crime is America’s “number one enemy”.3. (T)The medical bills associated with serious illness account for half of the bankruptcies in the United States each year.4. (T)The American crime statistic often overlook the white-collar.5. (F) Non-profit is the primary goal of American health-care system.IV answer the questions:Medicare and Medicaid:1.In 1965 Congress passed legislation creating two new health insurance programs—medicare and Medicaid.2.they are designed to make medical care more freely available respectively to the people over the age of sixty-five and the people with very low income.3.however, these programs have become a major cause of runaway costs in the medical system because the level of fees is set by hospitals and doctors, at the federal and state governments.4.the programs also lead to rampant medifraud.Chapter 2 American HistoryII Questions and Answers on the T ext1.Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America. 2.When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3.Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4.How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobacco.5.Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6.When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7.How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirteen8.In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to beattached to all newspapers?The stamp Act9.How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1.After the first shot of the American War of independence wasfired at Lexington on April 19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2.It began to assume the functions of a national government. Itfounded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments—the billof Rights were added to the Constitution in 17912.It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech,the right of citizens to bear arms, protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1.After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the EmancipationProclamation on January1, 1863 to win more support at home and abroad.2.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by theConfederacy.Reconstruction1.After the Civil War, the US Congress put forward the program ofReconstruction, or reform, of the Southern states.2.The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3.It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified inall southern states and all federal troops were withdrawn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1.After the Civil War, some southern whites formed the Ku KluxKlan.2.It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect whiteinterests and advantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3.By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, butit revived several times in later history.Franklin D. Roosevelt1.A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was electedpresident in 1932.2.Within the historic “Hundred Days”, he launched the New Dealprogram to deal with the Depression3.He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression,many Americans considered him as one of the most respected presidents in American history.The Social Security Act1.As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act waspassed in 1935.2.It established contributory old-age and survivors’ pensions and。
英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)
An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China,and his efforts to end the Vietnam War.He is also noted for hismiddle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon createdthe Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.the Statue of Liberty The CapitolSenator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of theUnited States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, . in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skillsThanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention,though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's graceThe Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profoundimpact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not becauseit has fadedfrom memory, but because theindividuals in theLost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also hada faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. They praised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the . over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the . South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly usedto refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotationsof academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。
(完整word版)《美国社会与文化》期末试卷
《美国社会与文化》期末考试姓名：专业：学号：I．翻译（20%）1.The process of learning the rules about how to behave is called socialization and it lasts for all of our lives.2. Federalism(联邦制) is a system in which the power to govern is shared between federal government and provincial/state governments.3. According to his principle of the social contract, Locke argued that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience.4. The American Dream is a national ethos of the United States in which freedom includes a promise of the possibility of prosperity and success.II. 简答题（45%）（每道题250字以上）1.简述美国高等教育的特点。
2.作为移民社会，美国有时被称为“大熔炉（Melting Pot）”，有时又被称为“沙拉碗（SaladBowl）”。
请谈谈你的看法。
3.简述美国政教分离原则。
III．论述题（35%）（二选一；800字以上）4.比较美国梦与中国梦的异同Or 5.美国的行政权、立法权、司法权之间如何相互制衡。
朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》配套题库【课后习题】（美国文学）
朱永涛《英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门》配套题库【课后习题】（美国⽂学）第7章美国⽂学Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1. American literature is mainly about the seeking of the American people for success and happiness. _____【答案】T【解析】美国⽂学主要是关于美国⼈民追寻成功和幸福。
2. Rip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fenimore Cooper. _____【答案】F【解析】《瑞普·凡·温克》是⼩说家及历史家华盛顿·欧⽂（Washington Irving）的名篇。
故事主要讲述主⼈公瑞普·凡·温克喝醉之后在梦中的奇遇，然后顿悟过了⼀⽣。
3. The Leather-Stocking Tales consist of five novels depicting the American West. _____【答案】T【解析】《⽪袜⼦故事集》是美国作家詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏（James Fenimore Cooper）的系列⼩说，共包含《杀⿅者》（The Deerslayer）、《最后的莫希⼲⼈》（The Last of the Mohicans）、《探路⼈》（The Pathfinder）、《拓荒者》（The Pioneer）和《⼤草原》（The Prairie）等五部⼩说。
4. Before Mark Twain, all major American writers were born on the East Coast. _____ 【答案】T【解析】马克·吐温（Mark Twain），美国作家、演说家，⽣于美国密苏⾥州佛罗⾥达。
(完整word版)美国社会与文化
一．Listening Comprehension （1*10=10）【1个对话，2篇段落】二．Multiple choice （1*20=20）【单元测试中1-8单元的选择题】三．Term Explanation （5*4=20）1.Blended Family 7Blended family is one type of the American family stuctures.This is a family chooses in which two persons remarry . These two persons both once got divorced ,but have children. In the new family ,they make both groups of children live together.2.The Great Depression 2During most of the 1920s,the Unite States enjoyed a period of unbalanced prosperity.①The boom was fueled by an inflated stock market, which later led to a crash on October 29, 1929.②This, along with many other economic factors, triggered a world-wide depression known as the Great Depression. During this time, the United States experienced deflation, unemployment increased from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933, and manufacturing output collapsed by one-third.3.Mother’s Day 4①The modern Mother's Day as celebrated in the US holiday as a day to honor mothers and motherhood; especially within the context of families, and family relationships.②It is now celebrated on various days in many parts of the world. The United States celebrates Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May.③The holiday was created by Anna Jarvis in Grafton, West Virginia, in 1908 as a day to honor one's mother.4.The lvy league 5①The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising 8 private institutions of higher education such as Harvard University , Yale University and so on in the Northeastern United States.②In addition, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide.5.Affirmative Action 7①Affirmative action is a policy or program intended to promote access to education or employment for minority groups and women.②Motivation for affirmative action policies is to redress the effects of past discrimination and to encourage public institutions such as universities, hospitals, and police forces to be more representative of the population.6.The Bill of Rights 3①The Constitution has twenty-seven amendments. The first ten, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified simultaneously by 1791. The following seventeen were ratified separately over the next two centuries.②They were introduced by Jame Madison and Thomas Jefferson was a supporter of the bill of rights.③For example , First Amendment–freedom of speech, of the press, Freedom of Religion, and of assembly; right to petition..Third Amendment–Protection from quartering of troops.7.April Fool’s Day 4①April Fool’s Day is a day celebrated in many countries on April 1.②The day is marked by the commission of hoaxes and other practical jokes of varying sophistication on friends，family members，enemies，and neighbors.③April Fool's Day thus developed into an international fun fest, so to speak, with different nationalities specializing in their own brand of humor at the expense of their friends and families.8.SAT 5①Scholastic Assessment Test and Scholastic Aptitude Test②The SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that students take when applying to college.③Most competitive schools also require two or three SAT Subject Tests, (formerly known as SAT IIs), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a particular subject matter.④Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from three 800-point sections . Including math critical reading and writing .四．True or False （1*10=10）【教学课件中的内容】五．Questions （10*2=20）1.What are the advantages and disadvantages of jury system(陪审团制度) in the Judicial System（司法系统）of the United States？3 Advantages：Firstly, it is formed by ordinary people who have different kinds of jobs. Secondly , it is democratic . Thirdly , it help to enhance the credibility of the trial（提高审判公信力. Fourthly , it has law-making function（造法功能）. The last , it also has educational function（教育功能）Disadvantages:Firstly,most members of the jury do not have the legal expertise(缺乏法律专业知识). What’s more, if the Government cannot protect the jury well , the situation that the jury is being bought off or being threatened will be frequently happen. This will enable the upper social strata to have a good umbrella.(如果政府对陪审团保护不利的情况下，很容易发生陪审团被买通被威胁的事件，这样使社会上层人士有个很好的保护伞。
英语国家社会与文化入门美国答案
美国UNIT 3 1.What is an American?He is either a European, or the descendant of a European, hence that strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country. He is an American, who leaving behind him all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced, the new government he obeys, and the new rank he holds. ... Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labors and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world. ... The American is a new man, who acts new principles; he must therefore entertain new ideas, and form new opinions. 4 . In what way did Puritanism influence American culture? A. Today, Puritans are no longer in existence. But their legacies are still felt in American society and culture. For example, the Puritans hoped to build "a city upon hill" an ideal community. Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nations. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans. B. The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American values such as individualism, hard work, respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.UNIT 4 1 Why did the Articles of Confederation fail?Was it necessary to change the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution for the new nation of the United States at the time? The Articles of Confederation failed because the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other. When the Congress needed money to pay the national army or to pay debts owed to France and other nations, some states refused to contribute. The Congress had been given no authority to force any state to do anything. It could not tax any citizen. Only the state in which a citizen lived could do that. 2. What is a federal system? What are some of the major differences between a federal system and a confederation? The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. The Constitution also called for the election of a national leader, or president. It provided that federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of representatives elected by the people. It also provided for a national court system headed by a Supreme Court. 3. What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the U.S. government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other? If Congress proposes a law that the president thinks is unwise, the president can veto it. That means the proposal does not become law. Congress can enact the law despite the president's views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it. If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect. The president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Senate, however, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official. In this way theCongress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments 4．What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the U.S. Constitution? The Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. These amendments remain intact today, as they were written two centuries ago. The first guarantees freedom of worship, speech and press, the rightof peaceful assembly, and the right to petition the government to correct wrongs. The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.5 What are the two political parties in the United States? Do you think they are fundamentally different? The United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, which evolved out of Thomas Jefferson's party, formed before 1800. The symbol of the party is the donkey. The other is the Republican Party, which was formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West, such as Abraham Lincoln, who wanted the government to prevent the expansion of slavery into new states then being admitted to the union. The symbol of the Republican Party is the elephant.UNIT 6 1. In what way do you think that religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United States?1. By the middle of the 18th century, many different kinds of Protestants lived in America.2. The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a "revival" movement that sought to breathe new feeling and strength into religion, cut across the lines of Protestant religious groups, or denominations.3. A few Americans were so influenced by the new science and new ideas of the Enlightenment in Europe that they became deists, believing that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle his own affairs.4. The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States forbade the new federal government to give special favors to any religion or to hinder the free practice, or exercise, of religion. 3 What promotes the diversity in American religion?1. The United States has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movements. Frontier America provided plenty of room to set up a new church or found a new community.2. Many religious communities and secular utopias, or experiments in new forms of social living, were founded in 18th and 19th century America.3. Americans with different religions live together under the same law.4. The religious beliefs of Americans continue to be strong with social progress.5. In the United States every church is a completely independent organization, and concerned with its own finance and its own building.6. Continuous immigration.UNIT 8 1. What is the goal of education in the United States? Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of education. 答：The goal is—and has been since the early decades of the republic—to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote both their own individual welfare as well as that of the general public. Though this goal has not yet been fully achieved, it remains an ideal towardwhich the American educational system is directed. The progress which has been made is notable both for its scope and for the educational methods which have been developed in the process of achieving it. 2. How did American education begin to develop? In 1634, they opened a “lateen grammar” school, a school for those who wanted to prepare for college. In 1636, Harvard College was founded for the training of religious ministers. In 1634 and 1638, the Puritans passed laws declaring that all property could be taxed for the common good, which included the support of school. In 1642 and 1647, the Bay Colony passed laws requiring all parents to provide reading educating for their children. At the end of the 18th century, elementary education throughout the United States was in local hands. 3. What are the major characteristics of education in America? (1)Different education laws for different states. (2)Several levels of schooling：Elementary Schooling，Secondary Schooling and High Schooling. (3)curricula for students: there is no national curriculum in the United States. (3)Compulsory education for all students. (4)Equal education opportunities for minority groups. (5)Strong demand for higher education. (6)The complex system of higher education. Some states play a strong role in the selection of learning material for their students. Schools were asked not only to teach this new information, but to help students ask their own questions about it. The “inquiry” method of learning , focusing on solving problems rather than memorizing facts, became popular.或者3.What do you think some of the characteristics of education in America? 1. About 85% of American students attend public schools (schools supported by American taxpayers). The other 15% attend private schools, for which their families choose to pay special attendance fees. Four out of five private schools in the United States are run by churches, synagogues or other religious groups. In such schools, religious teachings are a part of the curriculum. 2. Each of the 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar; others are not. Education in the United States was to remain in the hands of state and local governments. 3. Americans have a strong tendency to educate their children about major public concerns—problems such as environmental pollution, nuclear issues, neighborhood crime and drugs.Unit9 1, what were the major social movement of the 1960s? And what was the historical background of the social movements of that decade? 一（1）the Civil Rights Movement, the Youth Movement, the Anti-War Movement, Free Speech Movement, Counter Culture, Women's Liberation Movement. （2）1. During World War Two, many American Negroes had a taste of life outside the South. They knew that life in the segregated South, where Negroes were prevented from working at good jobs and getting good education, was not the American way of life. 2. Women earned less money and had fewer opportunities to advance than men working in the same jobs, or they became housewives, isolated at home with their children. 3. Many young people resented traditional white male values in US society. 4. When the US army began to fight in Vietnam, many people thought the war was wrong. They did not understand why US troops were fighting in Asia.。
英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)
1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl –different cultures mix, but remain distinct.3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.5.what was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitol7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant ofthe state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.9.how does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skills10.what are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.11.what is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's grace12.what is the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.13.what are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. Theypraised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.14.state the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the U.S. over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.15.make comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement.The women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.16.what is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。
美国社会与文化练习
美国社会与文化练习All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyUncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slavesMany early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper minesThe Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George WashingtonOn July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional ConventionThe victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. YorktownTen amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are known as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. OhioDuring the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and JapanIn 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _______ as their next president who promised a "new deal" to get America out of depression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert HooverMartin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader A. Boycott B. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. IntegrationThe Constitution of the United States provides that _______ shall be President of the Senate.A. the Secretary of StateB. the Chief JusticeC. the PresidentD. the Vice President_____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas JeffersonWhich of the following statements about American education is wrong?A Elementary and secondary education in America is free and compulsoryB Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals.C There are more public colleges and universities than the private onesD Credits taken at community colleges are normally applicable to requirement for a four-year bachelor’s degree._____ is a symbol of American theatre and world-class entertainment.A BroadwayB Wall StreetC The Fifth AvenueD Times Square____ was an actor before he became the President.A Ronald ReaganB Abraham LincolnC Herbert HooverD Jimmy CarterNew Englanders were originally known as _____, which come to stand for all Americans.A HippiesB YankeesC Uncle SamD Brother JonathanWhich sport is supposed to be America’s national sport and used to be call “American’s favorable pastime”?A baseballB basketballC footballD cricketChristmas is usually connected to ____A the reunion of a large familyB the eating of Easter eggsC the resurrection of ChristD the forgiving of other’s sinsThe largest of the ethnic minorities in America is ____A the blacksB the Mexico-AmericansC the Spanish-AmericansD the Chinese____is written by Walt Whitman.A Representative MenB English TraitsC NatureD Leaves of GrassThe following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ___.A. challenging the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. Separation of state and church.B. Respect of education.C. Intolerant moralism.D. A sense of mission.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except ____.A. George Washington.B. Thomas Jefferson.C. William PennD. Benjamin FranklinWhich of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics.B. Puritans.C. QuakersD. Church of England.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennylvaniaC. the colonists in New England.D. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. MarylandWhich of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, ____.A. there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.B. there was no Bill of Rights.C. the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens.D. a “Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution was made.Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?A. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the presidentWhich of the following is NOT a power of the president?A. The president can veto any bill passed by Congress.B. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges as vacancies occur.C. The president can make laws.D. The president broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments.The Bill of Rights consists of ___.A. 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment.B. 10 amendments adopted in 1787.C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791.D. the amendments concerning freedom of religion, of speech and of the press. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights ？A. The freedom of religion.B. The freedom of searching a person’s home by police.C. The freedom of speech and of the press.D. The right to own weapons if one wishes.When did President Nixon make a trip to China to improve relations with the People’s Republic of China?A. In 1972B. In 1973C. In 1970D. In 1971Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A. Mathematics and languagesB. Politics and business educationC. Science and social studies.D. Music and physical educationThe expenditure in American public schools is guided by or decided by___ A. teacher B. students C. headmasters D. boards of educationIn the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?A. Elementary school, grammar schoolB. Elementary school, junior high schoolC. Elementary school, secondary schoolD. Junior high school, senior high schoolWhich of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A. Universities and collegesB. Research institutionsC. Technical institutionsD. Undergraduate institutionsThree of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.B. Large universities provide students with “mainframe”computersC. Large universities offer scholarships to all studentsD, Large universities attract students with modern laboratoriesNearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because____. A, they find it easy for them to get jobs after having gradual from one of themB. they enjoy the high prestige of these institutionsC. they like the teachers and surroundings in these institutionsD. they prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude TestsIn order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that_____.A. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB. they make good impressions during the interviewC. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD. they pass the college entrance examinationsTo get a bachelor’s degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except_____A. attending lectures and complete assignmentB. passing examinationsC. taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophyD. earning a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at college Powers of the American president: ①The president is the head of the executive branch（行政部门首脑）. ②He is also head of state(元首) elected by the whol nation. ③he has some legislative powers(立法权); ④he is responsible for the relations of the United States with foreign nations; ⑤he signs Bills passed by Congress into law.⑥he appoints federal officials;⑦hehas some judicial powers;⑧commander-in-chief(总司令)⑨he can serve for no more than 2 term期不超过2届。
完整word版美国社会与文化
一．Listening Comprehension （1*10=10）【1个对话，2篇段落】二．Multiple choice （1*20=20）【单元测试中1-8单元的选择题】三．Term Explanation （5*4=20）1.Blended Family 7Blended family is one type of the American family stuctures.This is a family chooses in which two persons remarry . These two persons both once got divorced ,but have children. In the new family ,they make both groups of children live together.2.The Great Depression 2During most of the 1920s,the Unite States enjoyed a period of unbalanced prosperity.①The boom was fueled by an inflated stock market, which later led to a crash on October 29, 1929.②This, along with many other economic factors, triggered a world-wide depression known as the Great Depression. During this time, the United States experienced deflation, unemployment increased from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933, and manufacturing output collapsed by one-third.3.Mother's Day 4①The modern Mother's Day as celebrated in the US holiday as a day to honor mothers and motherhood; especially within the context of families, and family relationships.②It is now celebrated on various days in many parts of the world. The United States celebrates Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May.③The holiday was created by Anna Jarvis in Grafton, West Virginia, in 1908 as a day to honor one's mother.4.The lvy league 5①The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising 8 private institutions of higher education such as Harvard University , Yale University and so on in the Northeastern United States.②In addition, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide.75.Affirmative Action is a policy or program intended to promote access to education Affirmative action①or employment for minority groups and women.past of redress the effects affirmative action policies is to ②Motivation for discrimination and to encourage public institutions such as universities, hospitals, and police forces to be more representative of the population.36.The Bill of RightsThe Constitution has twenty-seven amendments. The first ten, collectively known ①, were ratified simultaneously by 1791. The following seventeen Bill of Rights as the were ratified separately over the next two centuries.They were introduced by Jame Madison and Thomas Jefferson was a supporter of ②the bill of rights.of press, Freedom of freedom of speech, the ③For example , First Amendment–from Protection Third Amendment–Religion, and of assembly; right to petition.. quartering of troops.7.April Fool's Day 4①April Fool's Day is a day celebrated in many countries on April 1.②The day is marked by the commission of hoaxes and other practical jokes of varying sophistication on friends，family members，enemies，and neighbors.③April Fool's Day thus developed into an international fun fest, so to speak, with different nationalities specializing in their own brand of humor at the expense of their friends and families.8.SAT 5①Scholastic Assessment Test and Scholastic Aptitude Test②The SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that students take when applying to college.③Most competitive schools also require two or three SAT Subject Tests, (formerly known as SAT IIs), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a particular subject matter.④Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from threewriting .critical reading and 800-point sections . Including math四．True or False （1*10=10）【教学课件中的内容】五．Questions （10*2=20）1.What are the advantages and disadvantages of jury system(陪审团制度) in the Judicial System（司法系统） of the United States？3Advantages：Firstly, it is formed by ordinary people who have different kinds of jobs. Secondly , it is democratic . Thirdly , it help to enhance the credibility of the trial（提高审判公信力. Fourthly , it has law-making function（造法功能）. The last , it also has educational function（教育功能）Disadvantages:Firstly,most members of the jury do not have the legal expertise(缺乏法律专业知识). What's more, if the Government cannot protect the jury well , the situation that thejury is being bought off or being threatened will be frequently happen. This will enable the upper social strata to have a good umbrella.(如果政府对陪审团保护不利的情况下，很容易发生陪审团被买通被威胁的事件，这样使社会上层人士有个很好的保护伞。
美国社会与文化复习题
US Overall View of AmericaI Fill in the blanks.1.Since the time of independence of the United States, 48 continentalstates were added.2.Two states are separated from the continental US, that is Hawaii in the PacificOcean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3.In the US, there are 4 time zones form the east to west.4. “WASP” stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in the UnitedStates.6. Washington, D.C is named after George Washington and Christopher Columbus.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America , withCanada_ to the north and Mexico to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and Atlantic Ocean to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city is NewYork City.9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the Rocky Mountains are inthe western part.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the US?A.35B. 48C. 13D.502.Which of the following was the last continental state added to the Union?A.KentuckyB.ArizonaC.PennsylvaniaD.Alaska3.Which of the following description of uniformity of American culture is not true?A.People in general share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB.There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage of English.C.There is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookery.D.Generally speaking people have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the American continent?A Hawaii and Alaska.B Hawaii and ArizonaC Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is ______ .A. Los AngelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco6. Which two lakes consist of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and MichiganB. Michigan and HuronC. Huron and ErieD. Erie and Ontario7. What are the five famous symbols of American culture?A. Barbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue ofLibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty, Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, American GothicC. American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statue ofLibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the national rose and tree of US?A. rose and palmB. rose and oakC. tulip and oakD. tulip and palmIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50th states of the United States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispanics.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirteen states of the United States mainly located along the eastern seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union in the 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los Angels.1. Find the nicknames of the following States in the USA.Arkansas: Land of OpportunityCalifornia: Golden StateColorado: Centennial StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier；Peninsula State Massachusetts: Old Colony State；Bay StateV Explain each item in your own words1. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgrounds) and the differences between the first generation of immigrants and long-established Americans.2. Manhattan IslandIt is south-east part of New York City.It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world: Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, the United Nations Building, Central Park, Harlem and so onVI Questions for short answers1. Which was the “mother country”?The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteen colonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most people think of when they say “New York”?Because famous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, Central Park, Harlem and so on are on this island. Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questions and Answers on the Text1.Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2.When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3.Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4.How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobacco.5.Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6.When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7.How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirteen8.In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all newspapers?The stamp Act9.How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1.After the first shot of the American War of independence was fired at Lexington on April19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2.It began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded a Continental Armyand Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments—the bill of Rights were added to theConstitution in 17912.It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech, the right of citizens to bear arms,protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1.After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January1, 1863to win more support at home and abroad.2.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.Reconstruction1.After the Civil War, the US Congress put forward the program of Reconstruction, or reform, ofthe Southern states.2.The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3.It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified in all southern states and allfederal troops were withdrawn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1.After the Civil War, some southern whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2.It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests and advantages byterrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3.By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, but it revived several times in laterhistory.Franklin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was elected president in 1932.2.Within the historic “Hundred Days”, he launched the New Deal program to deal with theDepression3.He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression, many Americans considered himas one of the most respected presidents in American history.The Social Security Act1.As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.2.It established contributory old-age and survivors’ pensions and a joint federal-state programof unemployment insurance.American HolidayI choose the correct answer.1. Thanksgiving Day dates back to 1621, the year after ____ arrived in Massachusetts.A. the BritishB. the DutchC. The CatholicsD. the Puritans2. The egg and the bunny are symbols for _____ .A. Christmas DayB. Valentine’s DayC. Easter SundayD. Halloween3. _____ is a religious holiday in the US.A. New Year’s DayB. Martin Luther King’s DayC. Valentine’s DayD. Easter Sunday4. Halloween is on ______.A. the last Friday of OctoberB. the last Sunday of OctoberC. October 30D. October 315. America’s Independence Day is on _____ .A June 4B. June 14C July 4D. July 146. Costumes and masks are worn by American people on ______ .A. New Year’s DayB. ChristmasC. Memorial DayD. HalloweenII Find the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Valentine's Day: a festival of romance and affection by exchanging tokens of loveSt. Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear greenEaster: In Christian countries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to someone with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: carnationColumbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus Halloween: “Trick or treat”Thanksgiving Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his reindeersII Definition:Thanksgiving Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November, celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they survived their first winter in the new world. The theme has always been peace and plenty.Independence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the signing of the Declaration of Independence.Thanksgiving Day:The fourth Thursday in November, Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme has always beenpeace and plenty.Christmas:D ecember25 ,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and brings children presents at Christmas;III True or False1. (F) Americans observe the Labor Day on the same day as the Chinese.2. (F) On New Years Eve, Americans usually stay at home and enjoy a family reunion.IV Answer the following question1.What is the origin of Thanksgiving Day?US EducationI Fill in the blanks.cation in the United States is provided mainly by government, with control and fundingcoming from three levels: federal, state, and local.4. American educational system gives it students three kind of courses. They are generaleducation courses, required courses and elective .5. Most American attend twelve years of primary and secondary school , with a secondaryschool diploma or certificate, a student can enter college or university.6. Study at college or university leading to the Bachelor’s Degree is known as undergraduateeducation. Study beyond the Bachelor’s Degree is known as graduate school or postgraduate education .7. Historically, higher education in the US was the way for an individual to enter a profession .II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.The first American leader who suggested creating a system of free schools for all persons thatwould be publicly supported through taxes wasA.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.John AdamsD.James Madison2.The national system of formal education in the United States differs from education systemsof other Western counties in _____ .cational institutions are primarily governed by federal ones.B.American education put emphasis on high educationC.People who receive formal education constitute relatively small percentageD.The United States has no national system or national curriculum3.All of the following is true about American education EXCEPT ______ .A.Most Children begin elementary education with kindergarten and finish secondary educationwith twelfth gradeB.Unlike most other industrialized countries, the US does not have a centralized educationalsystem on the national scale.C.Junior high school usually includes grades six and eight.D.Schooling is compulsory for all children in the US, and the age for which school attendanceis required is the same in all states.4.Which of the following is true about the difference between private and public schools?A.Private schools are schools that are provided by federal funding while public schools areprovided by state funding.B.Attending public school is compulsory while attending private school is of personal choice.C.Attending private school demands families pay tuition while public schools are free.D.Only public school could lead to the undergraduate education.5.Elementary and secondary education in the US covers _____ years.A.9B.11C.12D.146.Higher education in the US began with founding of _____ in 1636.A.Harvard UniversityB.Harvard CollegeC.William and Mary CollegeD.Stanford University7.Which of the following is unlikely to provide graduated studies?A. A state universityB.An institute of technologyC. A professional schoolD. A technical institute8.Students who want to study laws in the US must first obtain a _____ .A.high school diplomaB.bachelor’s degreeC.coeducationalD.publicly supported by taxesIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1.(T) In the colonial period, instruction of religion was common in both schools and collegesin America, and education was still a luxury instead of priority.2.(F) School curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are all set by the federalgovernment.3.(T) Higher education in the US has now become a right rather than privilege.4.(T) The ideal of equality of opportunity is fully realized in education in the US.5.(T) American schools stress cultivating students’independent thinking rather than thememorization of facts.6.(T) Special professions such as medicine, law, or public school administration in the USrequire graduate degrees.7.(F) American public schools are supported by taxes and controlled by the federalgovernment.8.(T)The philosophy of pragmatism is a guiding principle of the American education practice.V Explain each item in your own wordsIvy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, Yale UniversityCommunity college: community college offers a variety of certificates and two-year associate degree programs. Community colleges are public institutions supported in large part by government funding and taxes.VI Questions for short answers1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of college and university1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student’s high school records3) recommendation from their high school teachers4) the impression they make during interview at the university5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)2. Name the three principal functions of the system of higher education in the US.They are teaching, research and public service.VII Questions for discussion1. What characteristics of the higher education in America impress you most?2. How are the American values of freedom and democracy reflected in its education system?US Government and PoliticsI Fill in the blanks.1. The US presidential election is held in November each leap year, while elections for both Houses are held in November each even-numbered year.2. The state executive power is given to the governor while the federal executive power isgiven to the President3. The executive , the legislature and the judicial are three branches of the Federal government.4. The US Congress can remove a President by a special kind of political trial calledimpeachment5.In 1971, a constitutional amendment set the minimum voting age at 186.The __13th____ Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.7.Congress can override a presidential veto, but to do so, 2/3 of each chamber mustvote in favor of the bill.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.How many terms was Franklin Roosevelt elected for?A oneB TwoC ThreeD Four2.How many seats does the House of Representatives have?A 635B 100C 435D 3453.Who was the first US President resigned from office?A Andrew JohnsonB Richard NixonC Gerald FordD Jimmy Carter5.The removal of Justices can only be done through .A the PresidentB the CongressC impeachmentD the Supreme Court6. what is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court?A. vetoB. Overriding a vetoC. ImpeachmentD. Judicial review.7. There are currently _____ Supreme Court justices on the bench.A. 7B. 9C. 11D. 138. The role of the American president includes the following EXCEPT _____A. command the armed forcesB. negotiate and sign treatiesC. pass lawsD. appoint certain personnel9. Each members of Congress is elected by the people of his or her state. The House of Representatives, with membership based on state populations, has _____ seats.A. 435B. 100C. 50D. 20010. ______ won the presidency four times but died shortly into his last term.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Abraham LincolnD. Franklin RooselvtIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) The supreme law in the US is the Constitution2. (F) The constitutional amendment in 1933 outlawed alcoholic liquor, but another amendment allowed it again in 1919.3.(F) The Supreme Court is composed of eight Justices who are appointed for life by the President with the consent of the Senate.4. (T) The basic system of law in US courts has been developed from the English Common Law.5. (F) Most of the bills introduced to Congress can eventually become law.6. (F) For the US, one of the basic principles is socialist democracyV Questions for short answers1. The duty of governors1 to carry out the laws made by the legislative assembly2 to do those things that are necessary for the conduct of government not necessarily based on specific legal powers2.The characteristic of the US Constitution1)Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution established a stronger federalgovernment. It provided for a Supreme Court and lesser federal courts, and it gave executive power to an elected president.2)The Constitution established the principle of a “balance of power”to be maintainedamong the three balances of government—the executive, the legislative and judicial.3)To prevent a powerful central government trampling on the liberties of the people, theBill of Rights were added to the Constitution in 1791.4)Thus the Constitution and the Bill of Rights struck a balance between two aspects ofAmerican politics—the need for a strong, efficient central authority and the need to ensure individual liberties.VII Questions for discussionCompared to other types of political systems, what can we learn from American design of government? Please list two sets of merits and demerits of American government.US Entertainment---MusicPART I Choose the correct answer.1. originated in the 1940s of the United States, beginning to be pop in the early 1950s and quickly becoming popular in the world.A rockB country musicC musicalD pop music2. People called as “the king of rock music”.A Michael JacksonB. Elvis Aaron PresleyC John DennverD. George Strait3. Country music is rooted in the 1920s from the traditional folk music, integrated except with .A. Gospel musicB. Celtic musicC. classical musicD. Indian music4. Michael Jackson is the second Elvis Presley, known as the .A. King of JazzB. King of RockC. King of PopD. King of Hip-hop5. Musical text by the following several parts composition except .A. lyricsB. scoreC. singersD. book/script6. Who had won four trophies at the 2010 Grammy Awards?A. Taylor SwiftB. Justin BieberC. beyonceD. Adele7. Typical African American musical styles include the following exceptA. jazzB. rock and rollC. hip hopD. folk music8. Jazz’s roots is believed to come fromA. New OrleansB. ChicagoC. HustonD. San Francisco9. In the _____, jazz became a major part of American musicA. 1920sB. 1930sC. 1980sD. 1960s10. Country music bands of the early twentieth century primarily consisted of the following instruments EXCEPT .A. the fiddleB guitarC banjoD. piano11. country music began in ______ in the 1970s.A. New York CityB. Appalachian MountainC. CaliforniaD. NashvillePART II Fill in the blanks1. Rock and roll developed out of country, blues, and R&B.2.Today subject of country music is “the good old days ”.3.Rhythm and Blues is the full transla tion of “R&B”, it still transition between Bruce and soul music.4.The Grammy Awards are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States for outstanding achievements in the music industry.III True or False Statement1. (F) Common instruments used in country music are trumpet, piano, and saxophone.2.(T) Rock’s meaning is to criticized the social problems bravely and let out to the discontent of reality.3..(T) The Broadway musical can point in the Broadway musical stage area, refers to all the approximate Broadway musical style4. (T ) Rock’n’roll is not only a form of music but also a lifestyle.5. (T ) Country music was originally played and listened to by American farmers.IV Find the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Armstrong JazzLinkin Park RockTaylor Swift country musicJay Z Hip-hopCats OperaAmerican FamilyI. Fill in the blanks1. According to the U.S. government, a family is those people who live with others to whom they are related by blood, marriage, or adoption.2, Average American family size is 3.2 people3. The nuclear family consists of a husband, wife and their children, living in a house or apartment.4. As breadwinner, man is responsible for financial support of the home and family members.5. Millions of middle-aged Americans—members of the “sandwich generation”—take care of both their children and parents.6. Glorification of youth and indifference to the aged have left many older people alienated and alone.7. Today, more than 54% of American women work8. American children have been expected to “leave the nest” at about age _18 _, after they graduate from high school.Definition1. FamilyAccording to the U.S. government, a family is those people who live with others to whom they are related by blood, marriage, or adoption.2. The extended familyConsist of the immediate family, and other relatives connected by blood or marriage such as Grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, nieces, and in-laws.V. Explanation1. List the family types of America1) The nuclear family2) The extended family3) One-parent/ single-parent family4) Blended family5) Homosexual/ gay/ lesbian family6) Dink family2. The role of man and woman in a familyMan: “breadwinner”—responsible for financial support of the home and family members. Woman: housewife—responsible for emotional support, child raising, and housekeeping. Changes: working mothers, househusbandsComposition1.What do you think are the distinct differences between Western and Chinese families?2.What challenges are single-parent families facing up with?（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。
美国社会与文化复习资料(DOC)
US Entertainment---SportsPART I Choose the correct an swer.I. _____________________________________________ The most popular baseball league in the U.S. is . A. Major League Football B. Major League BaseballC. the America n LeagueD. the Nati onal League2」nnings are divided into ______ halves, referred to as the top and bottom of the inning.A 1 _B 2C 3D 43. ____ was a truly American originA FootballB baseball CBasketball D ice-hocky4. The 32-team ______ is the most popular and only major professional football league.A NILB NBLC NBA D_NFL5. The typical America n sports of baseball, basketball and football arose from games thatwere brought to America by ____ .A. Native America nsB. the first settlersC. the Africa n slavesD. En glish people6. Which of the followi ng sports is inven ted in the Un ited States?A. FootballB. BasketballC. BaseballD. SoccerPART II Fill in the bla nks1. Baseball is the oldest of the major America n team sports, though baseball is no Ion gerthe most popular sport, it is still referred to as the "national pastime. _________ “2. A baseball game is divided into nine periods of play, called innin gs.3. The National Basketball Association, is the world's premier men's professional basketball league and one of the major professi onal sports leagues of North America4. Football, known as gridiron or American football outside the U.S. and Canada, attracts more televisi on Viewers tha n baseball, and is con sidered the most popular sport in theUn ited States.5. The Un ited States is one of creators of the International Olympic Committee ________6. In 1994, the US hosted _the World Cup_, which sparked in creased in terest i n the sport.7. _Major League Baseball_ is the highest level of professional baseball competition inNorth America.8. The professi onal champi on ship game of _football_ is called the Super Bowl.9. Sports have contributed to racial and social integration and over history have beena social glue ” bonding the country together.III True or False Stateme nt1. ( T) Sports in the US not only provide recreation for its people, but also teachimporta nt values.IV Defi nitio n1. baseballIt is a game between two teams of 9 people. One team trying to gain points by hittinga ball and running around the field, the other tries to stop them by catching the ball andthrow ing it.2. NFLThere are two leagues the AFL (American Football League) and the NFC (NationalFootball Conference) which together are part of the NFL (Nati onal Football League)3. PATAt that stage, the team can earn one additi onal point by kick ing the ball through the goal posts, a Point After Touchdow n.V An swer questio ns 1. What importa nt role do sports play in America n society?US Values 2014I Fill in the bla nks.1. America ns believe that all people have an equal_opportunity tosucceed in life, despite the physical or economic conditions into which they were born.2. America ns focus more on the future than the past and eve n thepresent. Almost all energy is directed towards realizing a betterfuture.3. America n always cherishes the follow ing values: equality, respect, __________ gratitude, ----- loyalty, responsibility.— And, in depe ndence show up inmoder n America n families.II Choose the most appropriate an swer to each questi on orstateme nt.1. America ns are eve n disrespectful of those in authority. What is their prefere nee whe n they are called by people?A. Mr. or Mrs.B. first nameC. middle nameD.last n ameV Explai n each item in your own words1. America n DreamThe so-called American Dream , is a belief that as long as the UnitedStates after a hard struggle will be able to achieve the idea of a betterlife, that is, people have to work through their own hard work.VI Questi ons for short an swers1. The characteristics of un iformity in America n culture.With regard to Ian guage, there is no real regi onal or class variety in speech orusage.There is not much differe nee in habits and ways of livi ng. In gen eral people sharethe same ideas, ideals and objectives.America n people are almost en tirely an urba n society.In gen eral there is not much really dist in ctive regi onal architecture or cookery, music or literature.VII Questi ons for discussi on1. What characteristics of the American values in America impress youmost in the movie < Forrest Gump >?Unit 3 American HolidayFind the exact sig nals or descripti ons of each holidays respectively.Vale nti ne's Day: a festival of roma nee and affect ion by excha nging toke ns of loveSt. Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear gree nEaster: In Christia n coun tries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorati ng the resurrect ion of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to some one with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: earn ati onColumbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher ColumbusHalloween: “ Trick or treat ”Than ksgivi ng Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his rein deersDefin iti on:Preside nts ' DayIt honors two great America n Preside nts: Abraham Lincoln and George Wash ington. thirdMon day in Feb.Than ksgivi ng Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November , celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they survived their first win ter in the new world. The theme has always bee n peace and plenty .Martin Luther King ' s DayIt is on Jan. 15th to celebrate the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr ., a great civil rightsleader who fought aga inst racial discrim in ati on.In depe ndence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the sig ning of the Declarati on ofIn depe ndence.Vetera n's DayNovember 11, Also known as Remembra nee Day , Armistice Day . It honors all the brave serviceme n and wome n who have put their lives on the line to defe nd the rights and freedom of all America ns.Than ksgivi ng Day:The fourth Thursday in November , Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme hasalways been peace and plenty .Christmas:December25 ,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and bringschildre n prese nts at Christmas;Unit 5 America n Educati onI. Fill in the bla nks1. Education in the United States is provided mainly by government, with _____con trol and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local.2. Elementary school is for the students who are in Grade 1-6 , at the ageof 6-11.3. (Se nior) high school is for the stude nts who are in Grade 9-12, at the age of 14-17 . Defin iti on:Ivy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University, ColumbiaUn iversity, Corn ell Un iversity, Dartmouth College, Harvard Un iversity,University of Pennsylvania , Princeton University, Yale UniversityV. Expla nati on1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of collegeand uni versity1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student 'high school records3) recomme ndati on from their high school teachers4) the impressi on they make duri ng in terview at the uni versity5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)VI. Compositi onI.What characteristics of the higher educati on in America impress you most?US General IntroductionI Fill in the bla nks.1. Since the time of independence of the United States, _________________ 48con ti nen tal states were added.2. Two states are separated from the continental US, that is Hawaii inthe Pacific _______ Ocean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3. In the US, there are 4 time zones form the east to west.4. “ WASP ” sta nds for White An glo-Sax on Protesta nt5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in theUn ited States.6. Washi ngton, D.C is n amed after George Washington and Christo __________ ColumbusOcea n to the west and Atla ntic Ocea n to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city is New York City9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the RockyMountains are in the western part.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America,with Canada_ to the north and Mexico to the south, the PacificII Choose the most appropriate an swer to each questi on or stateme nt.1. How many continental states were there at the time of independence ofthe US?A. 35B. 48C. 13D.502. Which of the following was the last continental state added to theUnion?A. Ken tuckyB. ArizonaC. PennsylvaniaD. Alaska3. Which of the following description of uniformity of American culture is not true?A. People in gen eral share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB. There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage of En glish.C. There is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookery.D. Generally speaking people have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the America nA_ Hawaii and Alaska. B Hawaii and Ariz ona con ti nent?C Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is _____ .A. Los An gelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Fran cisco6. Which two lakes con sist of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and Michiga nB. Michiga n and HuronC. Huro n and ErieD. Erie and On tario7. What are the five famous symbols of America n culture?ABarbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, TheStatue of LibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty, Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, America nGothicC. America n Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statueof LibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the n atio nal rose and tree of US?A. rose and palm rose and oak - C. tulip and oak D. tulip and palmIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50 th states of the Uni ted States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispa ni cs.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirtee n states of the Un ited States mai nly located alongthe easter n seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union inthe 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los An gels.1. Fi nd the nickn ames of the followi ng States in the USA.Arka nsas: Land of Opport un ityCalifornia: Golde n StateColorado: Centennial StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier ；Peninsula State Massachusetts: Old Colony State ; Bay StateV Explai n each item in your own words1. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgrounds) and the differences between the first generation of immigra nts and Ion g-established America ns.2. Man hattan Isla ndIt is south-east part of New York City.It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world: Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building. Rockefeller Cen tre, the Un ited Natio ns Building, Cen tral Park, Harlem and so onVI Questi ons for short an swers1. Which was the “ mother country ”？The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteencolonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most people thinkof whe n they say “ New York ”？Because famous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, theEmpire State Buildi ng, Rockefeller Cen tre, Cen tral Park, Harlem and so on are on this isla nd.Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questio ns and An swers on the Text1. Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2. When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3. Where and whe n was the first En glish colony foun ded?At Jamestow n, Virgi ni a, in 1607.4. How did the early coloni sts in Virginia man age to earn mon ey?They discovered a way to earn money by grow ing tobacco.5. Who established several settleme nts in New En gla nd?En glish Purita ns.6. When did the Pilgrims cross the Atla ntic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7. How many colonies had En glish settlers occupied by 1733?Thirtee n8. In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all n ewspapers?The stamp Act9. How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Con ti nen tal Con gress1. After the first shot of the America n War of in depe ndence was fired at Lex ingtonon April 19,1775, the Seco nd Continental Co ngress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2. It began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded aContinen tal Army and Navy un der the comma nd of George Wash ington, and bega nto print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declarati on of In depe ndence which was drafted by Thomas Jeffers on.The Bill of Rights1. In order to in sure in dividual liberties, ten ame ndme nts —the bill of Rights wereadded to the Con stitutio n in 17912. It guara nteed freedom of religi on, a free press, free speech, the right of citize nsto bear arms, protect ion aga inst illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protect ion aga inst“ cruel and unu sual puni shme ntsThe Ema ncipati on Proclamati on1. After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on Janu ary1, 1863 to win moresupport at home and abroad.2. It gra nted freedom to all slaves in areas still con trolled by the Con federacy.Recon struct ion1. After the Civil War, the US Con gress put forward the program of Rec on structio n, or reform, of the Souther nstates.2. The program was bitterly opposed by most Souther n whites3. It en ded in 1877, whe n new con stituti ons had bee n ratified in all souther n statesand all federal troops were withdraw n from the south.The Ku Klux Kla n1. After the Civil War, some souther n whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2. It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests andadvantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3. By 1872, the federal gover nment had suppressed the Klan, but it revived several times in later history.Fran klin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat gover nor of New York state, he was elected preside nt in 1932.2. With in the historic “ Hun dred Days ” , he laun ched the New Deal program to dealwith the Depressi on3. He expla ined his politics to the public in a series Depressi on, many America ns con sidered him as one of themost respected preside nts in America n history.The Social Security Act1. As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.2. It established contributory old- age and survivors pen sions and a joint federal-state program of un employment in sura nee.Social ProblemI choose the correct answer1. Who is responsible for the War on Poverty?A Nixon BJohnson C Kennedy D Michael Harrington2. Which of the following is not drug?AMafia B Heroin C LSD D Cocaine3. Which of the following publishes the Uniform CrimeReports?A the CIAB The Law Enforcement AssistanceAdministration.C_The FBI D The Supreme Court4. Those arrested for crimes are disproportionately likelyto be three of the following except __________ .A a city residentB youngC a member of a racial majorityD male5. Drug abuse is a social problem because of the following dysfunctions except that ________ .A it is strongly associated with crimeB it is blamed for half of the annual total of road traffic fatalitiesC drug dependence takes a significant toll on personal health and safety D_the profits of organized crime associated with drug arean economic cost to society.II Fill in the blanks〔.Poverty reemerged as a social program in the 1960s andwas perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ideals and American reality. _______________2」n 1960s, two American Presidents, President Kennedy and President Johnson, tried to solve the problem of poverty.3. Name two of the programs that were associated with the War on Poverty: VISTA and Job Corps .4. Much of medifraud takes place in Medicaid mills. ___5. Name two kinds of outlawed drugs: heroin and LSD. __6. Drug abuse has become the most challenging social problem in the US.7. The large corporations maintain professional lobbyistsin Washington to further their own interests.III True or False1. (T) The earliest two medical insurance programs areBlue Cross and Blue Shield.2. (F) Former President Carter said that crime is America ' snumber one enemy .3. (T)The medical bills associated with serious illnessaccount for half of the bankruptcies in the United States each year .4. (T)The American crime statistic often overlook the white-collar .5. (F) Non-profit is the primary goal of Americanhealth-care system.IV answer the questions:Medicare and Medicaid:1. In 1965 Congress passed legislation creating two newhealth insurance programs —medicare and Medicaid.2. they are designed to make medical care more freely availablerespectively to the people over the age of sixty-five and the people with very low income.3. however, these programs have become a major cause of runaway costsin the medical system because the levelof fees is set by hospitals and doctors, at the federaland state governments.4. the programs also lead to rampant medifraud.Chapter 2 America n HistoryII Questions and Answers on the T ext1. Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mari ner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2. When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3. Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestow n, Virginia, in 1607.4. How did the early coloni sts in Virginia man age to earn mon ey?They discovered a way to earn money by grow ing tobacco.5. Who established several settlements in New England?En glish Purita ns.6. When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7. How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirtee n8. In col on ial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all newspapers?The stamp Act9. How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Con ti nen tal Con gress1. After the first shot of the American War of independence wasfired at Lexington on April 19,1775, the Second ContinentalCon gress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2. It began to assume the functions of a national government. It foun ded aContinen tal Army and Navy un der the comma nd of George Washington, and began to print paper money and ope ned diplomatic relatio ns with foreig n powers. It adopted onJuly 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by ThomasJeffers on.The Bill of Rights1. In order to in sure in dividual liberties, ten ame ndme nts The billof Rights were added to the Con stituti on in 17912. It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech,the right of citizens to bear arms, protection against illegalhouse searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protecti onaga inst “ cruel and unu sual puni shme nts ”The Eman cipati on Proclamatio n1. After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamati on onJanu ary1, 1863 to win more support at homeand abroad.2. It gra nted freedom to all slaves in areas still con trolled by theCon federacy.Rec on structio n1. After the Civil War , the US Congress put forward the program of Recon struction, or reform, of the Southern states.2. The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3. It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified inall souther n states and all federal troops were withdraw n from the south.The Ku Klux Kia n1. After the Civil War , some southern whites formed the Ku KluxKia n.2. It was a vioient secret society that hoped to protect whitein terests and adva ntages by terroriz ing blacks and preve nti ngthem from maki ng social adva nces.3. By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, butit revived several times in later history.Fra nkli n D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was electedpreside nt in 1932.2. Within the historic “ Hundred Days ” , he launched the New Dealprogram to deal with the Depressi on3. He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression,many America ns con sidered him as one of the most respected preside nts in America n history.The Social Security Act1. As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act waspassed in 1935.2. It established contributory old- age and survivors ' pensions anda joi nt federal-state program of un employme nt in sura nee.US Government and PolitiesI Fill in the bla nks. 4. The US Con gress can removea Preside nt by a special ki nd of political trial called impeachme nt 5. In 1971, a con stituti onal ame ndme nt set the minimum voti ng age at 186. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.7. Congress can override a presidential veto, but to do so, 2/3 of each chamber must vote in favor of the bill.II Choose the most appropriate an swer to each questi on or stateme nt.1. How many terms was Fran kli n Roosevelt elected for?A oneB TwoC Three DFour2. How many seats does the House of Represe ntatives have?A 635 B_100 C 435 D 3453. Who was the first US Preside nt resig ned from office?A An drew Joh nson B_ Richard Nixo n C Gerald Ford D Jimmy Carter5. The removal of Justices can only be done through ______ .A the Preside ntB the Con gress C_impeachme nt D the Supreme Court6. what is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court? A. Veto B. Overrid ing a veto C. Impeachme nt D. Judicial review.7. There are curre ntly ___ Supreme Court justices on the ben ch. A. 7 B. 9 C. 11 D. 138. The role of the America n preside nt in cludes the followi ng EXCEPT __A. comma nd the armed forcesB. n egotiate and sig n treatiesC. pass lawsD. appo int certa in pers onnel9. Each members of Con gress is elected by the people of his or her state. The House ofReprese ntatives, with membership based on state populati ons, has ___ seats. A. 435 B. 100 C. 50 D. 20010. _____ w on the preside ncy four times but died shortly into his last term.A. George Wash ingtonB. Thomas Jeffers onC. Abraham Lin coln D_Fra nkli n Rooselvt 1. for both Houses are held in November each 2. The state executive power is give n to thepower is give n to the Preside nt 3. The executive , the legislature theFederal gover nment.The US preside ntial electio n is held in November each leap year, while electi ons even-nu mbered year. gover nor while the federal executive and the judicial are three bran ches ofIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T)The supreme law in the US is the Con stituti on2. (F) The constitutional amendment in 1933 outlawed alcoholic liquor, but anotherame ndme nt allowed it aga in in 1919.3. (F) The Supreme Court is composed of eight Justices who are appo in ted for life by thePreside nt with the consent of the Sen ate .4. (T) The basic system of law in US courts has bee n developed from the En glish Com mon Law.5. (F) Most of the bills in troduced to Con gress can even tually become law .6. (F) For the US, one of the basic prin ciples is socialist democracyV Questi ons for short an swers1. The duty of gover nors1 to carry out the laws made by the legislative assembly2 to do those things that are n ecessary for the con duct of gover nment not n ecessarily based on specific legal powers2. Federalism1. the state give up their rights to con duct separate relatio ns with each other and withthe outside world, but each state kept the basic powers of government for itself within its own territory .the federal gover nment should have only the powers which are n ecessary for providi ng for the matters which are n ecessary for providi ng for the matters which are of com mon in terest to them all.VII Questi ons for discussi onCompared to other types of political systems, what can we lear n from America n desig n of gover nment? Please list two sets of merits and demerits of America n gover nment.US Entertainment——MusicPART I Choose the correct an swer.1. __ in ated in the 1940s of the Un ited States, beg inning to be pop inthe early 1950s and quickly beco ming popular in the world.A rockB country musicC musicalD pop music2. People called ______ as “ the king of rock musicA Michael Jacks on B. Elvis Aaro n Presley C Joh n Dennver D. George Strait3. Country music is rooted in the 1920s from the traditional in tegrated except with . ___ A. Gospel music B. Celtic music C. classical music D. In dia n music4. Michael Jacks on is the sec ond Elvis Presley, known as the . ____ A. Ki ng of Jazz B. King of Rock C. King of Pop D. King of Hip-hop5. Musical text by the follow ing several parts compositi on except . _____ A. Lyrics B. Score C. Singers D. book/script6. Who had won four trophies at the 2010 Grammy Awards? A Taylor Swift B. Just in Bieber C. Beyo nee D. Adele7. Typical Africa n America n musical styles in clude the follow ing except A. Jazz B. rock and roll C. hip hop D. folk music —8. Jazz ' s roots is believed to come from _______________ A. New Orlea ns B. Chicago C. Hust on D. San Fran cisco9. In the ____ , jazz became a major part of America n music A. 1920s B. 1930s C. 1980s D. 1960s 10. Country music bands of the early twentieth century primarily consisted of the followi ng in strume nts EXCEPT . _______ A. the fiddle B guitar C banjo D. pia no ______ 11. Hip-hop music bega n in _____ in the 1970s. A. New York City B. Appalachia n Mou ntai n C. California D. Nashville _ 12. ___ was a comb in ati on of jazz and other “ racefolk music, music with the lyrcontent and format of the blues.A. Rhythm&BluesB. Rock and rollC. Cou ntry musicD. FunkPART II Fill in the blanks1. Rock and roll developed out of coun try, blues, and R&B. _____2. Today subject of country music is “ the good old days . ”3. Rhvthm and Blues is the full translation of “ R&B ” , it still transition between Bruce and soul music.4. The Grammy Awards are prese nted annu ally by the Nati onal Academy of _________________Recording Arts and Sciences of the Unit ed States for outstandi ng achieveme ntsin the music in dustry.5. The typical represe ntative figure Cohe n said "Broadway musical father" ______________6. Musical orig in can be traced back to the 19th cen tury Operetta, Comedy and __________black play.III True or False Stateme nt1. (F) Common in strume nts used in country music are trumpet, pia no, andsaxophone.2. (T) Rock ' s meaning is to criticized the social problems bravely and let out tothe disc ontent of reality.3. (T) The typical represe ntative figure Cohe n said "Broadway musical father".4. (T) The Broadway musical can point in the Broadway musical stage area, refers to all the approximate Broadway musical style。
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“美国社会与文化”课后练习题I.单选1.Which of the following statement is CORRECT about the geographic location ofthe United States of America?A.South of North America, southern temperate zone;B.South of North America, northern temperate zone;C.North of North America, northern temperate zone;D.North of South America, southern temperate zone.2.The boundary line between America and Mexico, starts from the mouth of the RioGrande River and finally ends at the seashore.A.AtlanticB. PacificC. IndianD. Oceanic3., known as the Eastern Coastal Plain, is a wide strip between the Atlantic and the Appalachians.A.Mexico seacoastB. Caribbean seacoastC. Bering seacoastD. Atlantic seacoast4.Rocky Mountains stretch all the way from to .A.Mexico, the ArcticB. Mexico, the AtlanticC. Alaska, the AtlanticD. Alaska, Mexico5.The Yellow Stone National Park is located in .A.the Grand CanyonB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Death ValleyD. the Willamette Valley6.According to functionalist perspective, which one is not mentioned as the functionof education?A.Providing custodial careB.Promoting national unityC.Reducing unemploymentD.Teaching knowledge and skills7.“Head Start” movement was conducted to .A.Give every child equal opportunity to receive education.B.Bring those who were at disadvantage to have equal opportunity to receiveeducation.C.Initiate an optional course in school.D.Improve the academic performance of students.8.Regarding the education reforms, .A.New paradigm supporters are confident in markets.B.Systemic reformers believe in consumers.C.The new paradigm and the old one are totally different.D.Both the reforms reached good result.9.Which of the following is related closely to religion?A.public schoolsB.Private schoolsmunity schoolsD.Parochial schools10.For the schools at local level, .A.the central government assigns the president.B.Voted governing board is responsible for the governance of the local school.C.The education quality is not very high-standard.D.Teachers are less-paid than the state-run schools.11.The sources of American Folk Music are .A.the British Isles and AfricaB.the British Isles and AsiaC.European countriesD.All of the above12.American Folk Music represents .A.the American IndiansB.the tribal music of primitive peoplesC.American cultureD.The western American lives13.The foremost form of Anglo-Celtic folk music is .A.church musicB.BalladryC.Tribal musicD.Harmonic music14.Bob Dylan is .A.American folk singer folksinger, banjo playerC.American singer and composerD.American folksinger and song writer15.A disc jockey is supposed to .A.Design the programs for radio stations.B.Mix different kinds of music togetheranize the dancing tuneD.Blend only certain types of music together to create new ones.16.Donkey stands for .A. Democratic PartyB. Republican PartyC. Labor PartyD. Federalist Party17.The president of the United States must be at least .A. 40 years oldB. 35 years oldC. 45 years oldD. 37 years old18.Which of the following is not considered as the cornerstone of traditionalAmerican belief?A. Individual FreedomB. Equality of OpportunityC. Material WealthD. Racial Diversity19.is responsible for the relation of the United States with foreign countries.A. congressB. presidentC. ambassadorD. chief judge20.The president can veto any bills passed by congress, unless in each housevote to override the veto.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 4/5D. 1/221.Juvenile Crime, in law, term denoting various offenses committed by children oryouths under the age of .A. 16B. 14C. 18D. 2022.Which country remains the only Western democracy that imposed the deathpenalty on some of those convicted of murder?A.CanadaB. the United StatesC. EnglandD. Germany23.The largest and best organized association standing for firearm users in Americastates, “ Guns don’t kill people, people kill people”, which is .A.NRAB. Gun ClubC. WHOD. ARA24.Series of studies clearly show that and violence are interrelated.A.RaceB. SexC. AgeD. Drugs25.The unlawful killing of a human being by a person who had an intent to kill is thedefinition of the crime of .A.MurderB. ManslaughterC. AssaultD. Battery26.What is the scientific definition of family given by sociologists?A.We are born into a family, mature in a family, form new families, and leavethem at our death. Family life is a universal human experience.B.The family is a fundamental God given institution built into the very natureof the universe.C.The family is an arbitrary cultural structure. It is a group of people heldtogether by bonds of love and affection.D.The family is a group of people who are related to one another by bonds ofblood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit,and bear and raise children.27.What is the basis for traditional family structure?A.Extended familyB.Nuclear familyC.KinshipD.Immediate family28.What are the diverse patterns of contemporary families?A.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent Households, Stepfamilies, Gay and LesbianMarriagesB.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent HouseholdsC.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Stepfamilies, Gay and Lesbian MarriagesD.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Two-Parent and One-ParentHouseholds, Gay and Lesbian Marriages29.What are the major family problems?i.Divorceii.Remarriageiii.Violenceiv.Work and Family InequalityA. (1) (2) (3)B. (1) (3) (4)C. (1) (2) (4)D. (1) (2) (3) (4)30.What are the causes for an aging American society?(1) A continued low fertility rate(2)Ever-greater life expectancy rate due to advances in medicine(3)The baby boom generation reaching old age.(4)Improved social services and more favorable public policiesA. (1) (2) (4)B. (1) (2)(3)C. (1)(2)(3)(4)D. (2)(3)(4)31.There occurred three times of immigration waves since 1620. The third wave tookplace , and the number of immigrants rose to 23,500,000, most of whom came from such South-eastern European countries as Italy and Russia.A.between 1820 and 1850B. between 1851 and 1870C. between 1871 and 1920D. between 1881 and 192032.In 1886, gave the United States the Statue of Liberty as a gesture offriendship, and since then the Statue, which is standing on an island near Ellis Island, has become a symbol of hope, lighting the way for new arrivals.A.FranceB. BritainC. GermanyD. Spain33.In recent decades, some important legislative documents have remapped the orderof American immigration policies. Among them, gave the priority to the applicants for family reunification, and since then the number of Asian immigrants has increased rapidly.A.the Immigration Act of 1965B. the Illegal Immigration ActC. the USA Patriot Act of 2001D. the Exclusion Act of 188234.Americans make active use of their legal system and take great pride in being alitigious people. The underlined part means that .A.Americans are fully aware of their legal rightsB.Americans are protective towards their legal rightsC.Americans are jealous of others’ legal rightsD.Americans are fond of taking matters to a court of law35.Like al other judges, are appointed by the president with theapproval and consent of the senate.A.the district judges B the Attorney GeneralC. Chief of JusticeD. justice of the peace36.The most important element in US economy against inflation was .A.the federal Reserve BoardB. the International Monetary FundC. the World BankD. big corporations37.The following are the strengths of the US economy except .A.the highest standard of livingB. the lowest unemployment rateC. low rate of savingsD. high productivity of US industries38.Which of the following is not included as essential elements in Americaneconomic system?A.Productivity.B. Income equality.C. Creativity.D. Stability.39.Which combination is right?A.Passing of the Social Security Act ---- post-1960B.President Nixon --- the Great SocietyC.President Carter --- the Great SocietyD.President Reagan ---- the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act40.Which of the following is not the major role that the US media is playing?A. WatchdogB. Speech RectifierC. SignalerD. Common CarrierII.名词解释1）Gold Rush2)Martin Luther King Jr.3)The New Deal4)The Great Depression5)Laissez-Faire6)Affirmative Action Program7)The Baby Boom8)The Great Society9)Racism10)Ku Klux Klan11)Original Sin (Inherent Sinfulness)12)Welfare State13)Westward Expansion14)WASP15)Rating Code16)McCarthyism17)American Dream18)the Iron Curtain19)the Marshall Plan20)Watergate Scandal21)extended family22)nuclear family23)Hispanic Americans24)Manifest Destiny25)Separation of PowersIII.Essay Questions1)How would you describe the relationship between President and Congress in theUnited States?2)Do you think economic affluence will inevitably lead to consumerism andexcessive individualism? Why or why not?3)What are the major American values? What are the changes in the Americanvalues? What are the factors that contribute to these changes?4)What is the origin of the myth of Asian Superiority? Why do you think the myth ofAsian Superiority is harmful?5)What are some of the characteristics of American education? How do Americansview the role of education in American society and in their individual life?6)America is widely accepted as the engine of the world economy. In what way doyou think the American economy has influenced and will influence the world? 7)Immigration takes place with, at least, two forces at work, namely the pull forceand the push force. Pick any one ethnic group in the United States as an example and illustrate its experience in the “pull and push” framework.8)Throughout the U.S. history, the two major parties, the Republican and theDemocratic, have been holding powers alternatively in the country. What key functions have they played in American politics? Why is it that minor parties in the U.S. have never been able to challenge the two-party system in the power struggle of American politics?9)The death penalty and gun control have been issues of bitter controversy in nationaland state politics of the United States. Discuss the reasons why Americans are so divided over these two issues, and explain how values and principles clash with each other in these two controversial issues.10)Sports, particularly football, have traditionally played a significant role inAmerican colleges and universities. What are their social, cultural, and economic implications for universities and students?Basic American values:Individual freedom --- the freedom of individuals to fulfill their own individual needsand do as they wishSelf-reliance --- being able to take care of themselves and not depend on others for supportEquality of opportunity --- having an equal chance to succeed, regardless of whethersex, race, or ageCompetition --- having to compete with others for success, rather than expecting to be given something for freeMaterial wealth --- viewing possessions as the mark of having status in the societyand as the natural reward for hard workHard work --- the belief that everyone should work hard, sometimes for very long hours, to be successful。