高中英语 牛津上海版 高一话题阅读：文学与艺术专项阅读训练(有答案)

话题：文学与艺术Passage 1O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in 1862. As a young boy he lived an exciting life. He did not go to school for very long, but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas, where he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank, when some money went missing from the bank O. Henry was believed to have stolen it. Because of that, he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and continued writing. He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories, because simple as the tales were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the reader’s surprise.1. In which order did O. Henry do the following things?a. Lived in New York.b. Worked in a bank.c. Travelled to Texas.d. Was put in prison.e. Had a newspaper Job.f. Learned to write stories.A. e. c. f. b. d. aB. c. e. b. d. f. aC. e. b. d. c. a. f.D. c. b. e. d. a f.2. People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories becauseA. they had surprise endingsB. they were easy to understandC. they showed his love for the poorD. they were about New York City3. O. Henry went to prison because .A. people thought he had stolen money from the newspaperB. he broke the law by not using his own nameC. he wanted to write stories about prisonersD. people thought he had taken money that was not his4. What do we know about O. Henry before he began writing?A. He was well-educated.B. He was not serious about his work.C. He was devoted to the poor.D. He was very good at learning.5. Where did O. Henry get most material for his short stories?A. His life inside the prison.B. The newspaper articles he wrote.C. The city and people of New York.D. His exciting early life as a boy.参考答案： BADDCPassage 2A Russian, a Cuban, an American businessman and an American lawyer were on a traintraveling across England. The Russian took out a large bottle of vodka, gave each of the men a drink and then threw the rest half bottle of vodka out of the window.“Why did you do that?” asked the American businessman.“There’s too much vodka in my country,” said the Russian, “And really we have more thanwe will ever use.”A little later, the Cuban passed around fine Havana Cigars. Then he threw his out of the window.“I thought Cuba is not a rich country,” the businessman said. “But you threw that very good cigars out of the window!”“Cigars,” the Cuban answered, “are the cheapest in my country. We have more of them than we know what to do with.”The American businessman sat quietly for a moment. Then he got up, caught the lawyer by the arm and threw him out of the window.Read the passage and choose the best answer:1. V odka is a kind of ______.A. treasure（宝）B. alcohol（酒）C. foodD. medicine2. The Russian and the Cuban both wanted to _______.A. tell the businessman what their countries are rich inB. prove（证明）that they were richC. ask the two Americans to visit their countriesD. make the businessman happy3. When the businessman said “I thought Cuba is not a rich country. ”, he meant “_______”.A. Russian is richer than CubaB. America is richer than Cuba and RussiaC. You shouldn’t threw that very good cigar awayD. Do you have more cigars than me?4. What did the businessman want to say by throwing the lawyer out of the window?A. I want to buy some vodka.B. We have too many lawyers in my country.C. I’ll go to Cuba and do some business of cigars.D. If you need lawyers, come to America.5. Which do you think is the best title for the passage?A. Traveling across EnglandB. Four Rich MenC. You’re Wasting Too MuchD. There’s Too Much1. B 这是一道考查生活常识的题，伏特加是俄罗斯的一种烈性酒。

2. A 这是一道考查文章细节的题，根据文章第一、四两段可以确定答案。

3. C 这是一道考查文章细节的题，根据文章第五段可以确定答案。

4. B 这是一道考查推理的题，根据对文章的整体理解，可以确定答案。

5. D 这是一道考查推理和归纳的题，根据对文章的整体理解，可以确定文章的标题是---太多了。

Passage 3For any Englishman，there can never be any discussion as to who is the world’s greatest dramatist(剧作家)．Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him：that of William Shakespeare Every Englishman has some knowledge，however slight，of the work of our greatest writer．All of US use words，phrases and quotations from Shakespeare’s writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people．Most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we used，rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well—known proverbs and quotations．Shakespeare，more perhaps than any other writer，makes full use of the great resources of the English language．Most of US use about five thousand words in our normal use of English；Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand．There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it．Such a study is well worth the effort(it is not，of course，recommended to beginners)even though some aspects of English usage，and the meaning of many words，have changed since Shakespeare’s day．1. English people __ ____A．have never discussed who is the world’s greatest dramatistB．never discuss any issue concerning the world’s greatest dramatistC．are sure who is the world’s greatest dramatistD．do not care who is the world’s greatest poet and dramatist2．Every Englishman knows __ ____A．more or less about Shakespeare B．Shakespeare，but only slightlyC．all Shakespeare’s writings D．only the name of the greatest English writer3．Which of the following is true?A．We use all the words，phrases and quotations from Shakespeare’S writings．B．Shakespeare’s writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak English．C．It is likely to be true that people often do not know the origins of the words they useD All the words people use are taken from the writings of Shakespeare4．What does the word “proverb” mean?A．Familiar sayings B．Shakespeare’s plays．C．Complaints．D．Actors and actresses．5．Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?A．English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare’S time．B．By doing SO one can be fully aware of the richness of the English languageC. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare’s timeD. Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage参考答案：1-5 CACABPassage 4The Peales were a famous family of American artists. Charles Willson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution. He painted portraits of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington. His life-size portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture.Charles Willson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum, which he founded in Philadelphia. The world’s first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings. Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more lifelike. The museum’s most popular display was the skeleton (骷髅) of a huge, extinct elephant, which Peale unearthed on a New York farm in 1801.Three of Peale’s seventeen children were also famous artists. Paphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers, fruit, and cheese. His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many noted people, including one of George Washington. Another brother, RubensPeale, painted mostly landscapes and portraits.James Peale, the brother of Charles Willson Peale, specialized in miniatures (小画像). His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The life of Charles Willson Peale.B. Portraits in the 18th century.C. The Peale Museum.D. A family of artists.2. The author mentions in Paragraph 1 that Washington tipped his hat to the figures in the painting to show that ________.A. Charles Willson Peale’s painting was very lifelikeB. Washington respected Charles Willson Peale’s workC. Washington was friendly with Raphaelle and Titian PealeD. the painting of the two brothers was very large3. The underlined word “unearthed” is closest in meaning to“ ______”.A. showedB. dug upC. inventedD. looked over4. Which of the following is NOT the child of Charles Willson Peale?A. Titian Peale.B. Rubens Peale.C. Raphaelle Peale.D. Sarah Miriam Peale.5. The author’s attitude toward the Peales is in general _______.A. puzzledB. excitedC. admiringD. disappointed参考答案：1-5DABDCPassage 5Many people think that Shakespeare's greatest play is "King Lear". It tells the story of a king far off in the past, who decides that it is time for him to take a rest, so he decides to divide his lands among his three daughters. But first he gives them a love-test. They have to tell him how much they love him. The two elder daughters tell him their love is as high as the sky and as deep as the ocean, but the third, Cordelia, refuses to play his game and simply says she loves him as much as she should. Angrily, he orders her to leave, and divides his kingdom into two, saying he will spend six months a year with each of his loving daughters. Cordelia goes overseas.There are many side stories, but what basically happens next is that his daughters once they have power, begin to treat their father badly. They tell him he should lead a quiet life and not causetrouble. If he will not follow their rules, they will not take care of him. Lear feels so hurt that he loses his mind and runs through the countryside during a great storm.Cordelia comes to help him, but she and her father are thrown into prison. Cordelia forgives Lear and he feels better when he knows her love. The sisters, however, kill Cordelia. Lear can take no more and dies. The sisters are themselves killed, and a good king takes over, but there is a great feeling of sadness as the story ends. So much love is lost for nothing.Word Banktake over 接替1. Why does King Lear divided his land?A. Because he is not well.B. Because he is an unsuccessful king.C. Because he feels too old.D. Because he has no choice.2. Which of these statements about the two elder daughters is true?A.They love Lear more than Cordelia does.B.They only want what is best for Lear.C.They leave their father out homeless in the rain.D. They are successful in the end.3. Which word can best describe Lear?A. Wise.B. Envious.C. Strong.D. Stupid.4. What kills Lear?A. His daughters.B. His age.C. The weather.D. His sadness.参考答案：1-4. CCDDPassage 6People seldom feel the same about poetry. Those who love it sometimes give the impression that it is an adequate substitute for food, for shelter, and love. It isn't. Words, no matter how satisfying, are never an equivalent for life itself and its human experiences. Those who dislike poetry on principle sometimes calm, on the other hand, that poetry is only words and good for nothing. That's not true either. It is easy to become frustrated by words—in poetry or in life—but when wordsrepresent and recreate genuine human feelings, as they often do in poetry, they can be very important. Poetry is, in fact, more than just words. It is an experience of life, their sense of what other people are like, their awareness of themselves, and their range of human feelings. One reason that poetry can be so important is that it is so closely concerned with feelings.Poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful experiences of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most insistent merits involves its attempt to express the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it means to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone who cares about? Poetry tries and it often captures exactly the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can said to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of experiencing poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to say, "Yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I've never been able to express it so well." Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are speechless with grief or joy.W ord Bankmerit n. 优点inexpressible adj. 无法用语言表达的1. "People seldom feel the same about poetry" (in Para. 1) means that .A.few people think that poetry is neutralB.people always differ in their views about poetryC.people rarely take a biased opinion about poetryD.people generally think of poetry as extreme importance or total uselessness2. The author suggests that .A.poetry tends to make the reader disappointedB.poetry makes its readers sentimentalC.poetry is more important than wordsD.poetry often captures real human feelings3. Poetry tries, persistently, to express .A.what love and death meanB.what people think about themselvesC.what people feel but find it hard to describeD.how people go through life4. This passage is mainly about __________ .A. the structure of poetryB. the components of poetryC. the nature and importance of poetryD. the appreciation of poetry参考答案：1-4. DDCCPassage 7A debate is spreading in Britain, from the far southern England to the northeast Scotland. The hunt is on to find a motto that sums up the nation in five words.However, there is a small problem. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are not, in fact, one nation. Britain is a union, and finding a national motto that combines that union is an almost impossible task.What bright person dreamed up this hunt for a motto? British Prime Minister Gordon Brown started the debate: he suggested is as part of a public discussion to determine "the ideals and principles that combine us together as a nation".Newspapers couldn't wait to get the game started. So they asked website readers to submit their own opinions.Some of the best included "No motto please, we're British" and "Mathematically, we could still qualify", a reference to the England football team's recent surprising performances in the European championship qualifiers.The first of these won a Times Online poll. You may wonder what it really means. The suggestion is that British people don't like to make a fuss. They would rather not go to the trouble of having a motto.However, it also suggests that Britain is a place with an established historical and cultural heritage: "We don't need a motto to sum us up and we know who we are, and we have done quite well without one for over 2,000 years, thanks."The second shows British people' s ability to make fun of themselves. The England team's failure to qualify angered a lot of people, but that doesn't mean they can't make a joke about it.The press treated the motto ideas so unkindly that it was abandoned. Yet the debate it set off. While mainly lighthearted, also has a serious side. Britain is worried it is losing its cultural identity. A large number of people arrived in Britain after World War II • The immigrants have a different sense of identity.The question is: how can we redefine Britain to include these people, and make them feel included? This will have to involve serious changing the way communities work and the government operates. People will really have to feel like they can make a difference. Muttering a motto every now and again is not going to make that happen.W ord Bankmotto n. 格言make a fuss 烦恼poll n. 投票mutter v. 念叨1. The passage is mainly about .A. how the UK hunts for a national mottoB. how the British people react to finding the national mottoC. how media promote the finding of the national mottoD. how a debate about finding a national motto failed2. By saying "No motto please, we're British", the website readers mean that .A. there should be some ideals and principles to tie them togetherB. they would rather not go to the trouble of having a mottoC. the England football team didn't give a surprising performance without the mottoD. the British motto is losing its cultural identity3. We can infer that the people who said "Mathematically, we could still qualify" are .A. seriousB. bitterC. pleasedD. humorous4. The writer seems to think that .A. the motto will help the immigrants to develop their sense of belongingB. the way communities work will make a difference to the mottoC. muttering a motto can't guarantee that people feel includedD. a motto can sum the UK up and help people know who they are参考答案：1-4. BBDCPassage 8In smoky clubs, bars and cafes across America and Europe people are all doing the samething: enjoying the inventive sounds and style of jazz.Jazz is an advanced art form with a rich history. It has been called America's classical music. Why? Well, for one, it's been around for a long time — over 100 years. Also, its reputation for complicated improvisation means it's often approved of by academics in a way that pop is not.New Orleans is the birthplace of jazz. It started among the big brass bands of the city's black ghettos at the end of the 19th century. The new music took inspiration from two very different musical traditions. It combined the rhythm of West African dance music with the harmony and melody of European classical.Common jazz instruments are trombones, tubas, saxophones and, of course, trumpets. Indeed, one of jazz's most influential musicians was a trumpet player; Louis Armstrong. He was the first important jazz soloist to emerge and is still loved by fans, who fondly refer to him by his nickname " Satchmo".Jazz's brass instruments are often played alongside drums and stringed instruments. However, the two key elements of jazz are swing and improvisation.Swing refers to the part of jazz that makes people want to dance. It is more a feeling than a specific sound. Jazz developed as music to dance to. The evolution of US " swing" bands like those led by Duke Ellington really arrived during the 1930s.The other key aspect of jazz is improvisation. This means that you don't have to play what is written. Jazz performers will start out playing an agreed song but aren't expected to strictly follow the anticipated notes. Instead, they use their talent, creativity, and feeling to add new notes and sounds to the music as they are playing. That's what jazz is all about; getting inspired, being inventive, and living for the moment.1.What does improvisation in the second paragraph mean?A. composing music while playingB. a kind of instrumentC. melody of musicD. a style of dance2.The original place of jazz is _______ .A. West AfricaB. New OrleansC. EuropeD. clubs in American3.Louis Armstrong was ______ .A. the most influential trumpet playerB. the founder of US "swing" bandsC. the first important jazz soloistD. one of the fans of "Satchmo"4.All of the following about jazz are true EXCEPT ________ .A.swing and improvisation are the two key elements of jazzB.jazz is approved of by academicsC.jazz was first performed by the black in the 1930sD.jazz is the combination of West African dance music and European classical参考答案：1-4 ABCCPassage 9Vincent Van Gogh is probably the world’s most famous painter. Many people wonder if he deserves such a reputation. Certainly, he was not a success in his lifetime. Although he produced more than 800 paintings, he sold only one, for about only US $80. No gallery showed his work during his life. Few people may have even heard of him. His fame developed slowly after his death in 1890, but it has never stopped growing. One hundred years later, in 1990, a Japanese businessman paid US $82 million for one of his works --- a world record.He was born in the Netherlands in 1853. As a young man, he tried many different jobs. He worked in an art dealer’s company, but he must have disliked it, because he left. He went to England and became a language teacher. Then, looking for a deeper purpose in life, he worked as a missionary among the poor in Belgium, but he quarreled with his superiors and abandoned that career as well. Finally, he decided to become a painter.For the rest of his life, he depended on the financial support of his brother Theo, the only person who believed in his ability. For ten years, from 1880 to 1890, Van Gogh produced his best paintings, until, sadly, he took his own life.It would be easy to say that he was mad. He had difficulty getting along with people, oftenarguing with them. After one quarrel, in late 1888, he was so upset that he cut off part of his own ear and gave it to a young girl. Later, from 1889 to 1890, he spent a year in a mental hospital. Yet, for most of his life, he was completely sane (精神正常的). We know this because he wrote hundreds of letters to Theo expressing his ideas and his work, and these letters show the clarity of his thinking.Does he deserve the fame he now possesses? Certainly. I admire his work tremendously. His paintings are realistic, not abstract. At the same time, they are not like photographs. The bright colors and thick strokes of his paintings make the strong feelings inside him visible. Even when his subjects are flowers, trees or the sky, his paintings are full of powerful, honest emotions, emotions which finally killed him.1.The writer suggests that Van Gogh’s reputation ______________ .A. was high soon after he diedB. grew steadily after his deathC. quickly developed through EuropeD. stopped growing until the 1980s2.Paragraph 3 implies that in 1890 many people ______________ .A.did not agree with Theo’s view about his brotherB.thought Van Gogh had already produced his best paintingsC.thought Van Gogh had great ability as a painterD.were sad when Van Gogh died suddenly3.The writer says that Van Gogh was sane for most of his life. We know this from____________ .A. his letters to his brotherB. a Japanese businessmanC. his religious employersD. his father参考答案：1-3BAAPassage 10Music is often thought of as “easy” or “play time”， but it's not that at all. Music plays a very important part in our education. Students who learn music learn a lot of music history at school. This includes “modes (调式)”，which were used in churches during the development of music. They are still used today. Students learn about the historical events that were taking place when the music they play was written. They learn what the music was used for. So much of our culture is in music and has been for centuries. Music also helps with science. Students use science to help them discover what sounds good together and what doesn't. Students also need science to understand something called the “overtone series”, which is about how music is produced by vibration (颤动) and why. Students learn a lot about languages. Many songs are written in other languages, including ancient ones. Students must learn to translate these works to understand what they are singing about. Some songs are famous poems or short works set to music. Students learn a huge amount of coordination (协调) through music, so parts of the body can work better together. Students must use fine motor skills in order to play an instrument. Singers and players must learn breath control and be in good shape to play.Students learn about art. Some famous pieces were written about important works of art, and students learn about the artists and styles as they're playing the music. Music education also brings higher thinking to our children. It allows them to think about complex patterns (How can I make my part sound better？How do this music and these different parts fit together？). Students have to know absolutely what every other musician does at all times. In that way, it develops teamwork. As one can see, music is very important to education besides bringing us fun.1. Learning music is helpful to the following subjects EXCEPT ________．A. scienceB. languageC. politicsD. history2. Students who learn music have to translate songs ________．A. because they are learning the languageB. because they must understand what they are singing aboutC. because the songs are ancient onesD. because they are famous poems3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Modes are still used in modern music.B. Different kinds of music show different cultures.C. It's easier for athletes to learn to play an instrument.D. A good musician should know the importance of teamwork.4. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of music.B. The importance of music education.C. Ways to learn music well.D. Skills music students should have.参考答案：1-4CBCBPassage 11From the earliest times, man has been interested in art. People have often worked together to collect and save the world’s art treasures.Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in an art museum called the Louvre（卢浮宫）in Paris, France. The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries.The Louvre has not always been a museum. The first building was a fort（要塞）. In 1190, it was the king’s castle with high walls and a round tower, and around the castle there was a moat to keep out his enemies.Over the years, the number of buildings around the castle grew. By 1350, the castle was no longer needed as a fort. The Louvre became a palace home for French kings and queens.During times of peace, new treasures were brought in. During days of war, many treasures were stolen, and the buildings were damaged.When Francis I became King of France in 1515, he brought in artists from many countries. One of the artists was Leonardo Da Vinci from Italy. Da Vinci’s Mona-lisa is the best known painting in the museum today.In 1793, the Louvre became a public museum, just as it is now. it is a place where art treasures have been saved for everyone to enjoy.1. On the whole, this passage is mainly about ___________.A. an art museum called the LouvreB. an Italian artist named Leonardo Da VinciC. a king of France named Francis ID. the best known painting in Louvre2. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The Louvre used to be a fort a very long time ago.B. French kings and queens once lived in it.C. The Louvre was taken by enemies in 1190.D. Many treasures were brought into the Louvre over the years.3. Why is it good for great art to be kept in public museums?A. It helps people remember who the King of France is.。