题库——摘录要点型

类型四摘录要点型

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Passage 1（2015连云港）

In almost every US city and town, there are local organizations to help people stop smoking. One of the most popular and successful is the California Smokers’ Helpline. Here is a page from one of their leaflets.

When you really want a cigarette—try the three Ds:

1. Delay: Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes. If you can wait two minutes, you won’t want to smoke.

2.Drink something: If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.

3.Deep breathing: Breathe in slowly and deeply. Count to five when your lungs are full. Then breathe out slowly. Repeat several times.

And here are some ideas from Florida Anti-smoking Club to help people to give up smoking:

1. Make a plan: Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Don’t see those people and don’t go to those places!

2. Keep busy: Instead of smoking, make a phone call, take a short walk or talk with a friend.

3. Develop new interests: Exercise—walking, biking, jogging, swimming or taking a music class—helps you to forget about cigarettes.

It is now against the law for anyone to smoke anywhere at any time in our schools. So set a date, and act at once to give up smoking for your own good.

Title: Stop Smoking Now—We Can Help!

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两个戒烟组织并列举了它们各自提供的戒烟方法。California Smokers’ Helpline给出了在人们想抽烟的时候的3条做法：延迟、喝点东西和深呼吸，Florida Anti-smoking Club为了帮助人们戒烟也给出了3条建议：制定计划、让自己忙起来和发展新的兴趣。

1. Club【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句“And here are some ideas from Florida Anti-smoking Club...”可知填Club。

2. smoke【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When you really want a cigarette...”以及下面的第二条建议“Drink something：If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.”可知当嘴里面需要有一些东西的时候可以喝水或其他饮品，联系上下文可知嘴里面有东西，也就是指的是吸烟，故填smoke。

3. deep【解析】细节理解题。由空前的a及空后的breath可知此处是形容词作定语，再根据文章第五段“Deep breathing：Breathe in slowly and deeply.”可知填deep。

4. avoid【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第七段“Make a plan：Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Don’t see those people and don’t go to those places！”再结合题目可知此处表示不要见吸烟的朋友，也就是避免见吸烟的朋友，故填avoid。

5. Advice/Suggestion(s) 【解析】推理判断题。通读文章最后一段可知此段是对还在吸烟的人提出的建议，可用advice或suggestion(s)，小标题，首字母应大写，故填Advice/Suggestion(s)。

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Passage 2

We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give a good speech.

Try the following simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. First of all, stay calm. Try to stay calm by asking yourself the purpose of your speech. Next, be prepared. Collect as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time organizing your materials so that your speech is clear and easy to be followed. Use as many examples as possible and use pictures to make your points more clearly. Then, never forget your audience（观众）.Don’t talk over their heads and don’t talk down to them. Treat them with respect. One tip, just don’t forget to be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple steps, you’ll see that you are not afraid of public speaking. In fact,

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何做好演讲给出了一些建议。主要介绍了如何保持冷静、充分准备、以及尊重观众三方面的内容。

1. gives some suggestions【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This article gives some suggestions on how to give a good speech.这篇文章就如何做好演讲给出了一些建议。”可知答案。

2. Steps【解析】推理判断题。根据右侧内容主要介绍做好演讲的步骤可知应填steps。注意：首字母大写。

3. Ask yourself 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Try to stay calm by asking yourself the purpose of your speech. 通过自问演讲的目的，努力保持冷静。”可知答案。

4. Be prepared 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Next, be prepared.接下来，做好准备。”可知答案。注意：首字母大写。

5. Never forget 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第八句“Then, never forget your audience