高等教育自学考试2012年10月英语写作基础试题
2012年10月全国自考《综合英语(一)》真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年10月全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解课程代码：00794选择题部分I. 语法和词汇填空。
阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。
（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. There has been ____growth in industry this year than there should have been.A. muchB. mostC. littleD. less【答案】D【解析】句意：今年的工业增长幅度比预计的要少。
本题考查形容词的比较级。
连词than 通常用在形容词或副词的比较级之后，引出比较的对象，growth为不可数名词，D项less 为little的比较级，表示“更少的”，符合题意，故选D。
2. When you expect too much of others, you are ____ to become disappointed.A. timelyB. probableC. likelyD. possible【答案】C【解析】句意：当你对别人期望过高，你会很容易失望。
be likely to为固定表达，表示“易于……，可能……”，符合题意，故选C。
3. It is necessary ____ technical training for all the new employees.A. to provideB. to be providedC. providingD. being provided【答案】A【解析】句意：向所有新员工提供技术培训是很有必要的。
本题考查不定式。
it为形式主语，to do的不定式为句子真正的主语，A项符合题意，故选A。
4. The mass media keep us well ____ of what is happening in the world which would otherwise remain unknown.A. concernedB. exposedC. acquaintedD. informed【答案】D【解析】句意：大众传媒让我们随时了解世界上所发生的事情。
00012英语(一)_201210
2012年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷(课程代码00012)本试卷共，页.满分100分.考试时间150分钟。
考生答扭注意事项:1.本卷所有试盈必须在答肠卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效.试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择压。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答.卡.的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择厄。
必须注明大、小皿号.使用0.5‘米熟色字迹签字笼作答。
4.合理安排答压空间.超出答肠区城无效。
第一部分选择题I. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points,1 point each)从下列各句后的四个选项(人、B. C. D)中选出一个能场入句中空白处的.佳选项，井在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. He kept asking silly questions until my patience finally .A. set inB. ran outC. gave upD. got over2. Companies spend millions of dollars trying to convince customers that theirproducts are to others'.A. outstandingB. valuableC. superiorD. unique3. Walking in the street, the popular movie star does not mind .A. recognizedB. recognizingC. to be recognizedD. being recognized4. It is quite surprising that John should here every time we need him.A. turn upB. turn downC. turn outD. turn in5. I like Carter personally, I don't think what he's doing is right.A. WhenB. WhileC. WhatD. Where6. This shirt much softer than that one.A. is feelingB. is feltC. was feelingD. feels7. I wonder why they haven't arrived yet. I told them how to get here, but I them a map.A. should giveB. ought to giveC. ought to have givenD. must have given8. I do not feel that you have enough resources to such a program.A. carry offB. carry overC. carry outD. carry away9. You can never rely on the British weather. Take an umbrella with you just .A. in caseB. in no caseC. in this caseD. in that case10. By the year 2020 the population of the world to 8 billion.A. increasesB. will increaseC. is increasingD. will have increasedII. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point each)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各砚的四个选项(A. B. C, D)中选出能筑入文中相应数字空白处的最佳选项，井在答皿卡上将该项涂照。
综合英语(一)自考真题2012年10月_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
综合英语(一)自考真题2012年10月(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分选择题Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案1.There has been ______ growth in industry this year than there should have been.• A. much• B. most• C. little• D. lessSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:D[解析] 译文：今年的工业增长值比本应达到的要少。
本句中出现了表示比较级的than，因此growth前的形容词应为比较级形式，由此可排除A、C项，most 表示最高级也不符合。
答案为D。
2.When you expect too much of others, you are ______ to become disappointed.• A. timely• B. probable• C. likely• D. possibleSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C[解析] 译文：当你对别人期望太高时，很可能会变得失望。
timely意为及时的，不符合题意，可首先排除。
be likely to do sth.是固定搭配，意为有可能……，符合本题。
probable和possible也都有“可能的”含义，但是多用于It is probable/possible...的句式中。
答案为C。
3.It is necessary ______ technical training for all the new employees.• A. to provide• B. to be provided• C. providing• D. being providedSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:A[解析] 译文：对新员工进行技术培训是有必要的。
2012年10月全国自考外贸英语写作模拟试题和答案(一)
2012年10月全国自考外贸英语写作模拟试题和答案(一)一、单项选择题There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. （在下列各题中选择一个最佳答案填空。
）20%1. The report is accompaniedthe supporting documents.A. forB. withC. toD. from答案：B解析：本题考查介词的用法。
句意：该报告附有不少具体文件。
for表示原因、目标；with表示和……在一起；to表示目的或结果；from表示某人/某物出发的地方或方向。
因此，选B。
2. We look forward tothe goods in the fourth quarter.A. delivery ofB. your deliverC. deliverD. delivery答案：A解析：本题考查固定搭配的用法。
句意：我们期待第四季度订购的货物。
look forward tosth./doing sth.意为“期待某物/期待做某事”。
delivery of the goods意为“定购的货物”。
因此，选A。
3. Webe obliged if you will furnish us with the following information.A. shouldB. willC. couldD. would答案：B解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。
句意：如果您能给我们提供下列信息我们将十分感激。
will是情态动词，表示愿意，肯，会。
因此，选B。
4. If businessto improve, salaries will be increased.A. startsB. will startC. startingD. started答案：A解析：本题考查条件句的用法。
10月英语阅读（二）自考试题（1）
10⽉英语阅读（⼆）⾃考试题（1）2012年10⽉英语阅读（⼆）⾃考试题全国2012年10⽉英语阅读（⼆）⾃考试题请考⽣按规定⽤笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
全部题⽬⽤英⽂作答（翻译题除外）。
选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考⽣务必将⾃⼰的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号⽤⿊⾊字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每⼩题选出答案后，⽤2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题⽬的答案标号涂⿊。
如需改动，⽤橡⽪擦⼲净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I. Reading Comprehension (50 points, 2 points for each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there arefive questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and thenblacken the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. Passage OneFrom time to time, we need an expert. In such situations, the Internet has been like a gift from the gods. In the old days, authorities were near at hand for expert advice: the villageseamstress on how to make a buttonhole, the blacksmith on how to take care of a horse’s hooves, or the apothecary on what to do about warts. On the Internet, advice and answer sites are popping up all over the place, with self-proclaimed experts at the ready./doc/1c4fe65a876a561252d380eb6294dd88d1d23d4a.html claims to have “tens of thousands of experts who can help you,”while the more restrained/doc/1c4fe65a876a561252d380eb6294dd88d1d23d4a.html , owned by The New York Times, limits its pitch to “Ask Anything! Real People. Real Answers.” It’s said that expert sites or knowledge networks represent the latest stage in the Internet’s evolution, a “democratization of expertise.” However, if your question is about something other than “Who invented the light bulb?”, the answers are likely to be a wild potpourriof personal opinions.Top colleges and universities are rushing into online education, but the big news is the proliferation of a new breed of for-profit online institutions bringing Internet education to the masses.“The Internet will probab ly be the single most democratizing force in education,” says Columbia Business School Dean Meyer Feldberg, who envisions educational programs being routed through the net to hundreds of millions of people.The largest online institution is the University of Phoenix, with some 6,000 students today and hopes of reaching 200,000 students in 10 years. The university offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees in business management, technology, education, and nursing. The university notes that its degree programs cost far less and may take some students far less time to complete.On the other hand, a Business Week survey of 247 companies found that only a handful would consider hiring applicants who earned their MBA degrees online.Whether that will change as for-profit online universities improve their offerings and graduates prove their worth-is anyone’s guess.The rest of the world is moving into cyberspace more slowly than the United States, and, in the developing world, the Internet has hardly penetrated at all. UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan is determined to change this through the United Nations Information Technology Service, which will train large numbers of people to tap into the income enhancing power of the Internet. Annan is also proposing an Internet health network that will provide state-of-the-art medical knowledge to 10,000 clinics and hospitals in poor countries.Questions l-5 are based on Passage One.1. From the passage we may assume that the author______.A. trusts old days experts more than online onesB. believes that most of the online experts are qualifiedC. trusts the intelligence of large amounts of experts onlineD. believes that online experts can answer people’s questions better2. From paragraph 2 we can infer th at the author’s attitude towards experts online is_________.A. excitedB. neutralC. doubtfulD. indifferent3. Which of the following best describes the author’s opinion towards the future of online education?A. People have to wait and see.B. It is predictable in future development.C. It cannot thrive without good management.D. People believe that it is doomed from the start.4. The underlined phrase“state-of-the-art” in paragraph 6 means______.A. advanced and in large quantityB. very creative and artisticC. skillful and attractiveD. very modern5. Kofi Annan’s United Nations Information Technology Service aims at ______.A. improving UN staff’s computer skillB. promoting the use of the Internet over the worldC. providing medical knowledge to poor hospitalsD. promoting the use of the Internet in the United StatesPassage TwoNowadays there is a remarkable consensus among educators and business and policy leaders on one key conclusion: we need to bring what we teach and how we teach into the 21st century. Right now we’re aiming too low. Competency in reading and math —the focus of so much No Child Left Behind (NCLB) testing – is the meager minimum. Scientific and technical skills are, likewise: utterly necessary but insuf ficient. Today’s economy demands not only a high-level competence in the traditional academic disciplines but also what might be called 21st century skills. Here’s what they are:Knowing more about the world. Kids are global citizens now, even in small-town America, and they must learn to act that way. Mike Eskew, CEO of UPS, talks about needing workers who are“global trade literate, sensitive to foreign cultures, conversant in different languages” — not exactly strong points in the U.S., where fewer than half of high school students are enrolled in a foreign-language class and where the social-studies curriculum tends to fixate on U.S. history. Thinking outside the box. Jobs in the new economy —the ones that won’t get outsourced or automated –“put an enormous premium on creative and innovative skills, seeing patterns where other people see only chaos,” says Marc Tucker, an author of the skills-commission report and president of the National Center on Education and the Economy. Traditionally that’s been an American strength, but schools have become less daring in the back-to-basics climate of NCLB. Kids also must learn to think across disciplines, since that’s where most new breakthroughs are made. It’s interdisciplinary combinations —design and technology, mathematics and art –“that produce YouTube and Google,” says Thomas Friedman, the best-selling author of The World Is Flat.Becoming smarter about new sources of information. In an age of overflowing information and proliferating media, kids needto rapidly process what’s coming at them and distinguish between what’s reliable and what isn’t. “It’s important that students know how to manage it, interpret it, validate it, and how to act on it,” says Dell executive Karen Bruett, who serves on the board of the Partnership for 21st Century Skills, a groupof corporate and education leaders focused on upgrading American education.Developing good people skills. EQ, or emotional intelligence, is as important as IQ for success in today’s work place.‘‘Most inn ovations today involve large teams of people,” says former Lockheed Martin CEO Norman Augustine. “We have to emphasize communication skills, the ability to work in teams and with people from different cultures.”Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.6. The passage is mainly concerned with______.A. the No Child Left Behind program as a minimum requirementB. interdisciplinary combination for 21st century school educationC. the overall competence required of a student in the 21st centuryD. emotional intelligence as a means to career success in the 21st century7. If the workers are global trade literate, they should be______.A. global citizens even when they are kidsB. armed with foreign cultures and languagesC. living in big cities rather than in small townsD. good at doing business with peoples over the world8. It can be inferred from the passage that American kids used to be strong at______.A. making interdisciplinary combinationsB. social-studies courses and U.S. historyC. producing YouTube and GoogleD. creative and innovative thinking9. What should a student in an age of exploding information do with new sources of information?A. They should guard against the wrong information.B. They should be able to tell the difference between them.C. They should know how to interpret and organize them.D. They should be able to process them and identify the reliable ones.10. According to the passage, emotional intelligence involves______.A. teamwork, cooperation skills and communication skillsB. ability to deal with people from different backgroundsC. ability to make innovations as well as high intelligenceD. success in today’s workplace with people from many culturesPassage ThreeIt has been two decades since the fate of a bashful bird that most people had never seen came to symbolize the bitter divide over whether to save or saw down the ancient forests of the Pacific Northwest. Yet it was not until Thursday that the federal government offered its final plan to prevent the bird, the northern spotted owl, from going extinct.After repeated revisions, constant court fights and shifting science, the Fish and Wildlife Service presented a plan thataddresses a range of threats to the owl, including some that few imagined when it was listed as a threatened species in 1990. The newer threats include climate change and the arrival of a formidable feathered competitor, the barred owl, in the soaring old-growth evergreens of Washington, Oregon and California where spotted owls nest and hunt.One experiment included in the plan: shooting hundreds of barred owls to see whether that helps spotted owls recover. Even after all these years since the spotted owl became the cause c?l?bre of the environmental movement, it is far from clear that the plan is a solution. Advocates on both sides say it will inevitably be challenged, and both sides have expressed frustration with the Obama administration on the issue.The spotted owl is declining by an average of 3 percent per year across its range. While some populations in Southern Oregon and Northern California are more stable, some of the steepest rates of decline are here in Washington. Some study areas in the Olympic and Cascade ranges show annual declines as high as 9 percent.The listing of the spotted owl as a threatened species led to a virtual ban on logging in many older federal forests, inspiring angry lawsuits and threats of violence by rural loggers against owl advocates, who often came from urban areas.“Nothing against the bird, but it’s wreaked a lot of havoc in the Pacific Northwest for the past 20 years,” said Ray Wilkeson, president of the Oregon Forest Industries Council, which represents loggers, sawmills and others in the industry. “A lot of human suffering has resulted from this. Now there’re new threats to the owl that may be beyond anybody’s ability to control.”Although the plan does not map critical habitat —the mapping process is more than a year away from completion, a fact that frustrates conservationists –it proposes expanding protections for owls beyond areas currently set aside. The existing areas were outlined by the Northwest Forest Plan,which was approved a year after President Clinton’s Timber Conference, revised under President George W. Bush to allow more logging and reinstated by the Obama administration. The American Forest Resource Council, a timber industry group, said the plan would impose “massive new restrictions on both federal and private lands.”But supporters say it will provide more wood for mills by increasing forest thinning and restoration work to battle threats like disease and fire that could increase with climate change. The plan would provide timber companies incentives to create potential spotted owl habitat. Officials from the Forest Service and from the Bureau of Land Management, which oversee logging on federal land, expressed support for the plan.While timber advocates question protections for a bird that some say may be bound for extinction, conservationists say that it is too soon to give up on the spotted owl, and that the fight to save it has served broader benefits of the forest, from cleaner water and air to habitat for hundreds of other species, including endangered salmon.“The spotted owl is the icon,” Dr. Forsman said, “but there are a lot of other players in terms of species and protecting biodiversity in these forests.”Questions 11-15 are based on Passage Three.11. The purpose of the new government plan is to______.A. save Northern spotted owlB. save the Northwest forestC. list environmental threats to the Northern spotted owlD. list the Northern spotted owl as a threatened species12. Which (from Paras. 3, 4) of the following is NOT true?A. The number of barred owls grows fast.B. The spotted owl is hunted in the forest.C. The number of spotted owls is in decline.D. The barred owl is a newcomer to the forest.13. Who doubt about the plan?A. Only timber advocates.B. Only owl advocates.C. Advocates from both urban and rural areas.D. Both owl advocates and timber advocates.14. Conservationists feel frustrated because______.A. the new mapping of habitat in the protection for owls is slow to completeB. the new mapping of habitat for owls will extend beyond presently set areasC. the revised Northwest Forest Plan under President Obama is maintainedD. President Bush revised Northwest Forest Plan and allowed more logging15. Dr. Forsman wanted to express in the last paragraph that_______.A. the spotted owl is a rare speciesB. there are a lot of other players in the forestC. the spotted owl needs protectionD. some other species are equally importantPassage FourIf you’ve ever been pranked on April Fools’ Day, you may wonder how this trad ition started. Well, you’re not alone. No one knows for sure how April Fools’ Day began. But the most likely explanation has to do with the calendar.No, that’s not an April Fools’ Day joke. People used to celebrate New Year’s Day on April lst. Just like today, people would have big parties to celebrate. Over time, the calendar changed and so did the date for New Year’s. In the 1500s, the new calendar marked New Year’s Day as January lst. But because there was no Internet or other means to spread the word, the newstraveled slowly by word of mouth. It took a while for everyone to hear about the change, and even then some people resisted it. They continued to celebrate New Year’s on April lst. These people were given the nickname“April fools”.People follow ing; the new calendar played tricks on the “April fools” by sending them on“ fool’s errands”. They had the “April fools” deliver invitations to big New Year’s celebrations that weren’t really going to happen. In France, “April fools” were called “Poisson d’Avril”, which is French for “April Fish”. This began because people thought fish were easy to catch since they could be fooled into taking the bait on a hook. Children would tag a paper fish on a person’s back to mark them as an “April Fish”. When the per son discovered the fish, the prankster would yell “Poisson d’Avril”.Not everyone is convinced that this is actually how the tradition of April Fools’Day began. People have tried to pinpoint the exact date of the first April Fools’ Day, but this only led to more pranks. A professor from Boston University pranked a reporter by making up a story about a court jester who said he could run the empire better than the king. The jester was made king for a day on April lst. This turned out to be a big April Fools’ Day trick because the reporter thought the story was real.Even though we aren’t sure how this tradition began, people still celebrate April Fools’ Day by playing tricks on each other. So the next time you prank someone and yell “April Fools!” remember that the day may actually be about the people who didn’t want to change their traditions when the new calendar was adopted. Or maybe it’s just a day to celebrate the joker in all of us.Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Four16. If you prank somebody, it means you______.A. play card with that personB. win a trick over that personC. play a trick on that personD. know a trick of that person17. In the 1500s, who were given the nickname “April fools”?A. People who were not smart enough.B. Peopl e who didn’t know when April Fools’ Day was.C. People who celebrated New Year’s Day on January lst.D. People who refused to recognize New Year’s Day as January lst.18. On April lst, children in France used to______.A. place paper fish on other pe ople’s backsB. wear paper fish on their backsC. buy a new calendarD. go boat fishing19. What does the underlined word errand mean in paragraph 3?A. A small gift sent to somebody.B. A short trip to get something done.C. A brief trip to send invitation cards.D. A short message sent to somebody.20. What is the author’s purpose for writing this article?A. To tell readers how April Fools’ Day is celebrated.B. To remind readers that April Fools’ Day is coming up.C. To teach readers about the history of April Fools’ Day.D. To persuade readers into celebrating April Fools’ Day.Passage FiveYou may a ready know that hurricanes are major tropical storms that can cause devastating waves, wind, and rain. They happen during “Hurricane Season”, which is from June lst until November 30th in the Atlantic Ocean and from May 15th until November 30th in the Pacific Ocean.A storm progresses through four different stages before it is actually considered a hurricane. First is a tropical disturbance, which has thunderstorms and rotating winds, or what scientists call cyclonic circulation. Next is a tropical depression, which issimilar to a tropical disturbance, but has winds between 23 and 39 miles per hour. A tropical storm is the next level, which has stronger wind speeds between 40 and 73 miles per hour. Once winds reach 74 miles per hour, the storm is officially classified as a hurricane. The winds pick up energy from the warm surface ocean water.As a hurricane crosses over land, it begins to dissipate, or break apart and reduce in strength. This is because it is no longer over the warm ocean water that it needs for energy. At this point, a hurricane can still cause a lot of damage because of high winds, rain, and flooding, but unless it makes its way back over the open ocean, it is downgraded from a hurricane back to a tropical storm.The center of a hurricane is called the eye. While most of a hurricane contains dangerously strong winds, the eye is actually a calm area in the storm. When the eye of a hurricane passes over land, people might think that it’s over, but before long the wind and rain increase again as the second part of the hurricane moves through.Can you imagine flying a plane through a hurricane? If you’re a hurricane hunter, it’s your job! Hurricane Hunters fly airplanes on weather missions to help the National Hurricane Centermake predictions about hurricanes. Pilots determine how fast the winds are blowing, how big the hurricane is, and which direction it’s moving. This helps people to be better prepared for hurricanes as they approach shore.Hurricanes can leave behind lots of destruction. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina ripped through Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi and Texas. This was the sixth windiest hurricane on record, and it was one of the deadliest hurricanes in history. It took l,833 lives and caused over 76 billion dollars in damages. Many people are surprised to learn that Katrina’s wind didn’t cause mostof the damage. The wind had caused levees in New Orleans to break. When the levees broke, water from the Gulf of Mexico rushed into the low-lying land. Over 80% of the city of New Orleans was buried in flood water.Questions 21-25 are based on Passage Five.21. Which sequence of storm stages is in the correct order?A. Tropical depression, tropical disturbance, tropical storm, hurricane.B. Hurricane, tropical storm tropical depression, tropical disturbance.C. Hurricane, tropical depression, tropical storm, tropical disturbance.D. Tropical disturbance, tropical depression, tropical storm, hurricane.22. What would you observe if you were in the eye of a hurricane?A. Very heavy rain.B. Very little wind.C. Strong and spinning winds.D. Strong winds and heavy rain. .23. What happens when a hurricane crosses over land?A. It breaks apart and forms tornadoes.B. It gathers more vapor from land.C. It moves more quickly.D. It loses strength.24. What does a hurricane hunter do?A. Fly airplanes through hurricanes.B. Help people find a safe place to stay.C. Issue warnings to notify people of danger.D. Use computers to predict the paths of hurricanes.25. What caused the most destruction during Hurricane Katrina in 2005?A. Houses being blown away.B. Floods due to breaking levees.C. Heavy rain due to Hurricane Katrina.D. People going outdoors during the storm.。
全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语二试题和答案
全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题课程代码：00795请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYComplete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer.Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)1. The speaker’s Chinese is not so good, but he could make himself ______.A．understood B．understandC．to understand D．to be understood2. My mother, ______ whether anyone would come home to help her, had to prepare the supperall by herself.A．did not know B．not knowingC．had not known D．having not known3. So uncertain ______ about the background of his audience that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A．he would become B．would he becomeC．he had become D．did he become4. ______ used to be considered impossible has now turned into realities.A．This B．That C．What D．Whatever5. The film is very popular with young people, but neither Mary nor her brothers ______interested in it.A．were B．was C．are D．is6．We have been talking about the travel plan for two hours．I think it’s time we ______a decision．A．make B．made C．will make D．have made7．It was because of the bad condition of the house ______ he decided to sell it and buy a new one．A．that B．so that C．so D．then8．According to some scientists，global warming ______ the survival of the whole human race．A．scares B．frightens C．threatens D．fears9．He is an easy-going，friendly young man with a ______ sort of attitude towards money．A．casual B．greedy C．careful D．serious10．She did not hear what you said because she was completely ______ in her reading．A．interested B．absorbed C．involved D．stuck11．He said that the situation was dangerous and that there was no time to ______ in reaching an agreement．A．spend B．save C．take D．lose12．It never ______ to them to question the committee’s decision．A．seems B．happens C．appears D．occurs13．The man’s influence on his daughter ______ as she grew older．A．declined B．shrank C．narrowed D．relaxed14．He finally realized how ______ his father’s advice was．A．worthy B．valuable C．efficient D．wealthy15．French is ______ spoken throughout the world，especially in former French colonies．A．generally B．mainly C．widely D．thoroughly II．CLOZEFill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer．Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet.(1 point each，15 points in all) Play,in recreation, is any activity performed for amusement. Although people engage in play mainly to enjoy themselves，play also 16 the physical and mental health of individuals. Many people increase their physical 17 by swimming or hiking. Many people also improve their mental ability by playing word games or 18 puzzles.Play activities 19 one of three general groups. Motor play is physical exercise, such as skating or playing volleyball. Intellectual play primarily 20 mental activity, as in playing chess. Sensory play includes spectator activities, such as attending sports events.Play takes countless forms. A person may bounce a ball 21 or join in a game of basketball with several other people. Play activity may or may not be planned ahead of time. It cantake place 22 from in an individual’s mind to areas designed 23 for play, such as athletic fields.Some play activities are popular with both children and adults. Others appeal primarily 24 people of certain age groups. Children often 25 plays that require a great deal of imagination, such as dressing up and 26 to be adults. Adult play activities generally require more structured types of recreation, such as sports and games.For a child, playing is a form of 27 and a significant part of social development. Through playing, they express their ideas, moods, and personalities to other people. Babies only a few months old begin to play, 28 they can communicate effectively with words. Children learn to interact with one another by sharing toys. When they are older, they develop more teamwork skills by playing 29 in such games as volleyball.For an adult, playing is 30 relaxing during leisure time. Play activities can help relieve pressures caused by the tensions of daily life.16.A．brings out B．contributes to C．depends on D．accounts for17.A．soundness B．readiness C．fairness D．fitness18.A．solving B．settling C．clearing D．answering19.A．deal with B．begin with C．fall into D．break into20.A．reflects B．neglects C．resolves D．involves21.A．skillfully B．personally C．alone D．hard22.A．sometime B．anytime C．somewhere D．anywhere23.A．singularly B．specifically C．specially D．uniquely24.A．to B．for C．on D．at25.A．keep pace with B．take part inC．make fun of D．set foot on26.A．pretending B．contendingC．intending D．attending27.A．self-confidence B．self-defenseC．self-expression D．self-esteem28.A．no later than B．long beforeC．soon after D．as soon as29.A．cooperatively B．collectivelyC．independently D．individually30.A．an introduction to B．an insight intoC．a result of D．a way ofIII. PARAPHRASINGChoose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)31. Like all deep experiences, it may take a little work on your part to discover what all the fuss[of those great works of literature] is about.A. …you need to read those great works of literature to understand why people are fond ofthem.B. …you need to study carefully why there is a dispute+ over those great works of literature.C. …you need effort to figure out why those great works of literature disturb people.D. …you need time to work out the meanings of those great works of literature.32. Also, overindulged children are not as challenged as children with fewer playthings to be morecreative in their play.A．Spoilt children need more toys to play with to be more creative.B．Children with fewer toys are motivated to be more creative.C．Spoilt children are challenged by children with fewer toys.D．Fewer playthings stimulate more creation among children.33. It was pleasant to believe that much of Nature was forever beyond the tampering reach of man.A．It was enjoyable to realize that Nature was always available for a courageous man to reach.B．It was enjoyable to realize that Nature had a fascinating power to satisfy man’s curiosity.C．It made one happy to think that man would never be able to interfere with much of Nature.D．It made one happy to think that man could control Nature for as long as he liked．34. I felt myself beginning to sweat. I had deliberately got myself into this jam. What a fool!A．I had got myself into this stupid argument.B．I had learned to face this unpleasant consequence.C．I had got myself involved in this difficult situation.D．I had experienced a traffic jam at this crowded place.35. Courtesy, politeness, good manners—call it what you will, the supply never seems to equal thedemand．A. …people show more politeness than they should．B. …the supply of politeness is always greater than its demand．C. …you can never have enough words to emphasize politeness.D. …people’s need for politeness is always greater than what they get.36. The plane did not frighten Kaz. For one thing, Hiroshima had gone almost untouched by theair war.A. …enemy’s air forces had never occupied Hiroshima.B. …almost no fighting had ever occurred in and around Hiroshima.C. …Hiroshima was the only city where no one was killed by air raids.D. …hardly had Hiroshima been attacked by enemy’s air forces during the war.37. It is impossible to measure the importance of Edison by adding up the specific inventions withwhich his name is associated．A. …by describing the significance of his inventions.B. …by connecting his reputation with his inventions.C. …by remembering the total number of his inventions.D. …by listing all the inventions he has made or helped make.38. “That’s nothing but religious pap,” he retorted with a degree of anger.A．“That’s just religious preaching,” he argued back angrily.B．“There is nothing related to religion,” he replied with anger.C．“Anything is more inspiring than a religious creed,” he responded angrily.D．“Nothing is more important than a religious belief,” he claimed with anger.39. Shortly after that my mother reported that Little-John-Carrie’s-other-nephew had startedschool on the same day and taken to it like a duck to water.A. …and rushed to the activities there right away.B. …and begun to like school immediately.C. …and behaved himself naturally.D. …and stayed at school all day.40. Toddy Beamish opposed everything he said by a monotonous but effective “So you say,”anddrove him to the limit of his patience.A. …these words provoked his anxiety.B. …this kept him from going to extremes.C. …these words calmed him effectively and he became patient.D. …this annoyed him so much that he could no longer put up with it.IV. READING COMPREHENSIONRead the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions.Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)Passage OneBike trailers are now becoming a popular mode of transportation. If you are wondering what a bike trailer is, it is a motorless wheeled frame attached to your bicycle. Its primary function is to help the bike rider in carrying additional load．Instead of carrying the load on the bike, it can now be carried on the bike trailer which greatly reduces the strain placed on the bike. It is convenient, easy to use and it helps you live an active lifestyle.Bike trailers are an alternative to carrying different sorts of loads. Instead of using your car to go to the nearby grocery store perhaps, why not use your bike trailer? It not only saves you money from the gas which should have been spent by your car, it also does the job of carrying your groceries.Planning to get a bike trailer? Make sure to decide on what you are going to use it for first. Different bike trailers are made for different uses. There are a variety of bike trailers being commercially manufactured．The general trailers available in the market today are the general cargo trailer which is used to carry different sorts of loads from groceries to furniture, child passenger trailer which is used to carry a child, pet trailer which is used to carry cats or dogs, and canoe trailers which are used to carry long and narrow loads like canoes and surfboards.If you want a trailer to carry cargo all around, then a cargo trailer would definitely suit your needs. If you want to take your child along with you while you ride your bike, then check out the different child trailers available in the market.There are two types of bike trailers in the market today based on the number of wheels. The first is the single wheel trailer which can carry light to medium loads. It is popular among hikers since it is great for trail riding and narrow surfaces. It is also stable when making sharp turns at high speeds. The other type of trailer is the two-wheel trailer which obviously has two wheels. It can carry heavier loads than the single wheel type. When making sharp turns at high speeds it may roll over, so be sure to slow down before making the turns.Caring for your bike trailer is easy and comparable to that of a bike. Cleaning the trailer requires water, soap and wax. Regularly check the tires for abnormalities like low air pressure or wear and tear for this may cause accidents.When you are out riding in your bike trailer, keep in mind that it is different from riding a bike. The responses are different. You may notice that your bike may be a bit unresponsive due to the extra load．Be sure to take trial runs in non-busy roads to get you acquainted with the newriding conditions.Riding at night is more dangerous than riding during the daytime. Make sure that you have a front light and a rear light and that both are switched on. Be sure also to have front, back and side reflectors so that you would always be visible to traffic．41. The passage mentions all the following aspects about a bike trailer EXCEPT ______.A．its maintenance B．its priceC．its definition D．its uses42. Which of the following is an advantage of a bike trailer over a car?A．It can help reduce the weight on your riding.B．You don’t have to check the tires regularly.C．You don’t have to spend money on gas.D．It can carry groceries for you.43. A two-wheel trailer should be a better choice than a single wheel trailer when ______.A．you carry heavy loadsB．you ride on a narrow surfaceC．your additional load is not heavyD．you make a sharp turn at high speed44. Which of the following is a difference between riding in a bike trailer and riding a bike?A．You need to check the tires regularly for a bike trailer.B．It is easier to ride in a trailer than riding a bike.C．A trailer requires water and wax for cleaning.D．A trailer cannot react as quickly as a bike.45. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage?A．To provide information about bike trailers.B．To advertise for a new mode of transportation.C．To arouse your interest in more active lifestyle.D．To advise you to be careful when riding in a bike trailer.Passage 2Martin was returning to work in his London office after spending two weeks with his brother over in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday; it was not just that he invariably suffered badly from jet lag; it was that Monday mornings always began with a team meeting and, over the months, he had grown to hate them.Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agendas; they enjoyed game-playing, and he knew that people were not being honest and open. The meetings themselves were bad enough—but then there was all the moaning afterwards. “The usual people say the usual things.” “I could have improved on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say.” “I was thinking of making a suggestion—but I couldn’t be bothered.”As this morning’s meeting began, Martin braced himself for the usual moroseness (闷闷不乐) and monotony. But, as the meeting progressed, he became aware of a strange background noise. At first, he thought that he was still hearing the engine noise from the aircraft that had brought him back to London—he had had to sit over the wing and the noise was terrible. But, as he concentrated on the noise, it became a little clearer.He realized—to his amazement—that he could hear what his colleagues were thinking as well as what they were saying. As he concentrated still harder, he found that he could actually hear what they were thinking at the same time as they were speaking. What surprised him, even more than the acquisition of this strange power, was that he discovered that what people were saying was not really what they were thinking. They were not making clear their reservations. They were not supporting views which they thought might be unpopular. They were not contributing their new insights. They were not volunteering their new ideas.Martin found it impossible not to respond to his new knowledge. So he started to make gentle interventions, based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying. “So, John, are you really saying …?” “Susan, do you really think that?” “Tom, have you got an idea on how we could take this forward?” He was aware that his colleagues were unsettled by how insightful these interventions were. They looked at him mystified．In truth, he felt rather proud of his newly-acquired talent.Given more confidence now, Martin forgot his usual misery at participating in such meetings and began making comments of his own. However, he became aware that some of his colleagues were looking at him totally confused．One or two even had a gentle smile playing on their lips. Only gradually did it dawn on them—he could hear their thoughts and they were not really saying what they were thinking.As the meeting progressed, Martin became aware of changes to the tone and style of the event. It was clear to him now that, one by one, each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of all the others and this was subtly changing how they interacted with one another. The game-playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting.The meeting ended．As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were thinking. “That was the best meeting we’ve ever had.”“All meetings should be like that.” “In future, I’m going to say what I think.”46. Why did Martin hate the team meetings?A．His colleagues were making stories.B．His colleagues complained too much.C．His colleagues pretended to be friendly.D．His colleagues held back their true feelings.47. Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “braced himself for” in Paragraph 3 ?A．prepared himself for B．adapted himself toC．concemed himself about D．persuaded himself into48. With the strange power of being able to hear what others were thinking and saying, Martinrealized that______.A．he had been cheatedB．he was lucky to know the truthC．people didn’t mean what they saidD．people were unwilling to work there49. Which of the following can be expected at future team meetings?A．Everyone will be cooperative. B．Everyone will be straightforward．C．Everyone will be respectful. D．Everyone will be considerate.50. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．A Mysterious Power B．A Meeting of MindsC．Trust Means All D．Unity Is Success非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
浙江省2012年10月高等教育自学考试专业英语试题
浙江省2012年10月高等教育自学考试专业英语试题课程代码：00196请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
Ⅰ. Choose an answer for each blank (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1. A lot of people ______ you, so don’t let them down.A. look down uponB. look overC. look up toD. look on2. The travel agent manager sat down, and soon others ______.A. followed his leadB. gave the leadC. gave a leadD. are in the lead3. The hotel marketing manager assistant actually made the discovery, but he received all the ______.A. gloryB. graceC. celebrationD. reputation4. It seems that nobody knows what consequences will ______ this.A. rise fromB. arise fromC. rise aboveD. give rise to5. He ______ his wife’s bad temper ______ ill health.A. contributes…toB. takes…forC. attributes…toD. weigh…against6. The broadcaster signed off the radio show by ______ all the listeners good night.A. speakingB. wishingC. sayingD. hoping7. I did not have enough money in hand at that time to ______ my vacation tour, I had to draw upon my savings.A. debtB. pay forC. account forD. pay8. It’s already half past five, it’s time to ______ work.A. leave offB. leave behindC. leave overD. leave aside9. The improvement in his mental health is being ______ .A. remainedB. attainedC. obtainedD. maintained10. Mike is an outspoken man, he told us without ______ of his disapproval of the plan.A. remainingB. preserveC. reserveD. remindingⅡ. Cloze test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
10月全国英语写作基础自考试题及答案解析
全国2019年10月高等教育自学考试英语写作基础试题课程代码：00597全部题目用英文作答。
I. 重写句子(15 points,1.5points each)Revise the followi ng sentences accord ing to the requireme nt.Example: The history of English words in the history of our civilization in many ways.(periodic sentence) In many ways, the history of En glish words is the history of our civilizati on.1.1 like roller-skating. I like ice-skating better.(compound sentence)2.If you sit by the window facing the sun on a sunny win ter day, you may feel nice and warm.(loose sentence)3. Mary put the steak on the grill. The charcoal was burning evenly.(complex sentence)4. His valuable papers were destroyed in the fire. Tom called the in sura nee compa ny.(complex sentence)5.1 asked my friend if we should tip the driver when the bus tour ended.(periodic sentence)6. Your uncle married my aunt. He is rich. She is poor.(simple sentence)7. Jerry is smart. He should be able to han dle eightee n credits this semester.(compo und sentence)8.1 returned to school following a long illness. The math teacher gave me make-up work to do, butthe history teacher made me drop her course.(compo un d-complex sentence)9. Jack applied for a job. He went for an in terview. He was hired.(parallel structure)10. Meet me in the courtyard for dessert when you finish doing the dishes.(periodic sentence)11. 改写病句(15 points,3 points each)Correct the errors in the followi ng senten ces.II. The rain might last for a while, clouds covered the en tire sky.12.ln the evening we would swim in the lake and dancing afterward.13. That woma n just bought her dog a milk shake in a red skirt.14. To pass the course, your term paper must be han ded in on time.15. Harry wouldn 'make a good negotiator he doesn'have the patienee.III. 标出主题句(15 points,5 points each)16. Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the choice in the blank.A. I eat a lot of homemade ice cream.B. Homemade ice cream is my favorite.C. I have a homemade ice cream maker.D. I miss homemade ice cream a lot.Answer: _____________________________________17. Read the follow ing paragraph and un derl ine the topic senten ce.1Torn ados form un der very special weather con diti ons, and these special weather con diti ons occur most ofte n in in la nd areas, such as the cen tral Un ited States. A torn ado forms whe n a layer of warm, dry air is on top of a layer of cooler, moist air. This comb in ati on of dry, warm air above wet, cool air creates a con diti on that causes the lower layer of air to lift up. As the lower air rises, both layers of air beg in to rotate, to turn around and around. The air begi ns to rotate faster and faster because of cen trifugal(离心的)force. The torn ado has a cen ter called an “ eye” and the air rotates quickly around this eye.18. Read the follow ing paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic Sentence: ___________________________________First, I have the whole week off from the stati onery store because it 'going to be closed. My friends are all staying in town, so there will be plenty to do. We ' go to Central Park during the day and rent movies or go dow ntow n in the evenin gs. I ve also saved eno ugh money to visit my cous in in Buffalo for a couple of days, and we always have a good time together. This could be the best Easter week I would have had in a long time, especially because I don 't have to work.A. I am going to have a very long vacati on.B. Easter is a very importa nt holiday.C. Easter week is going to be terrific.D. I like won derful holidays.IV. 重新组合段落(5 points,1 point each)Rearrange the following numbered sentences so that they will read logically.Put the nu mbers in proper seque nee in the boxes provided below.19. Wines must be drunk quickly once they are opened, otherwise bacteria will use the air to convert thealcohol to vin egar.20. Red wine is made from dark grapes, and white wine from whiter grapes or from dark grapes whoseskins have bee n removed from the wi ne press at an early stage.21. Wine is the fermented juice of fresh grapes.22. The bacteria are killed by a higher alcohol content than is found in wine and that is why sherry andport, the specialties of Spain and Portugal, are fortified by the addition of spirits to make them last Ion ger.23. Wine was made in England in the Middle Ages, but the climate is not really suitable for grapevi nes.24.ln win e-mak ing, the grapes are crushed in a wine press and the yeast con verts the sugar to alcohol,when there is no air present, by a process called fermentation.25. The most famous win e-mak ing coun tries are France, Germa ny and Italy.26. The juice of the wine grape contains sugar, and growths of yeast form on the outside of the grapeskins.V. 标出与段落内容无关的句子(10 poi nts)Read the followi ng paragraph and cross out irreleva nt senten ces.The chief reasons people wear masks are these: to have fun, to protect themselves, to disguise2themselves, and to acquire a new identity. Masks are very useful. At Halloween, children wear masks for fun; they may, of course, also think they are disguising themselves, but chiefly their motive is to experience the joy of saying “ boo” to someone. Soldiers wore masks for protection, in ancient times against swords and battle-axes, in more recent times against poison gas. Bank robbers wear masks to disguise themselves, and though of course this disguise is a sort of protection, a robber 's reason for wearing a mask is fairly distinct from a soldier 'Alsl . of these reasons so far are easily understood, but we may have more trouble grasping the reason that primitive people use masks in religious rituals. Some ritual masks seem merely to be attempts to frighten away evil spirits, and some seem merely to be disguises so that the evil spirits will not know who the wearer is. The masks are usually made of paper. But most religious masks are worn with the idea that the wearer acquires, through a union with supernatural powers, a new identity, and thus in effect becomes—really becomes, not merely pretends to be —a new person.VI. 写信(40 points)Write a letter to your friend according to the following situation: Y ou(Weiping) haven 't heard from your friend(Zhijie) since the SARS outbreak. You tell him or her about yourself and the general situation in Beijing during that period. Since Beijing was taken off the list of SARS-infected areas, things have gradually come back to normal. You would encourage him or her to come for a visit in autumn, as it is the best season of the year.(150 - 200 words)3。
2012年1月——2012年10月英语二自考真题及答案(共四套试卷及答案)
2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码00015）本试卷分为两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
第一部分为选择题，1页至8页，共8页。
应考者必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在试卷上。
第二部分为非选择题，9页至10页，共2页。
应考者必须在“答题纸”上答题。
PART ONE（50 POINTS）1．Vocabulary and Structure（10 points，1 point each）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1．All theories______from practice and in turn serve practice．A．differB．rangeC．recoverD．originate2．There is little______increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading．A．aimB．useC．valueD．meaning3．what you say now is not______with what you said yesterday．A．insistentB．prevalentC．consistentD．permanent4．Putting prisoners in chains doesn’t solve the______0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within society．A．causesB．victimsC．purposesD．increases5．Binary stars，as their name suggests，are twin stars whose position in space______ each other．A．affectsB．expectsC．perfectsD．inspects6．All evidence relevant______the case should be gathered and analyzed．A．withB．toC．fromD．for7．Come what______we’ll go ahead with our plan．A．canB．needC．mayD．must8．We should______primary importance to the development of economy．A．attachB．convertC．attributeD．contribute9．Examiners who are______to favorites are criticized by many people．A．indifferentB．similarC．equivalentD．partial10．Look for small ways to add activity to your day, like taking the stairs______the elevator or going on a short walk．A．in spite ofB．instead ofC．in terms ofD．in view ofII．Cloze Test（10 points，1 point each）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试应用文写作试题
全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试应用文写作试题第一篇：全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试应用文写作试题全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试应用文写作试题课程代码：02126请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
一、单项选择题(本大题共22小题，每小题1分，共22分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。
错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
1.失实的消息不仅毫无价值可言，而且会造成很坏的影响，因此消息具有A.真实性的特点C.权威性的特点 B.欺骗性的特点D.目的性的特点2.解说词能把图画或实物无法或不易表达的事物本质特征的内容全部介绍出来，因此解说词具有A.真实全面的特点C.分析深刻的特点 B.主题鲜明的特点D.形象生动的特点3.简讯一般只突出事实中的某一部分或某一侧面，因此在写作时要求A.格式规范C.通俗易懂 B.内容真实D.背景从略4.政府机关、企业、社会团体等单位为完成某项工作，约束某类工作人员的行为准则的文书是A.规定C.意向书 B.守则D.通知5.机关单位、社会团体、企业等组织对某一具体工作和专门问题作出部分规范的法规文书是A.规定C.总结 B.守则D.通知6.为了维护当事人的合法权益，解决纠纷，防止其他人的侵害，当事人才书写诉状，因此其具有A.议论充分的特点C.感情真挚的特点 B.条款明确的特点D.目的明确的特点7.一种应用广泛，公布需要周知或遵守、执行等有关事项的公文是═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════-本套试题共分4页，当前页是第1页-C.通知D.意向书8.总结不能停留在对事实的叙述上，必须对客观事物本质和内在规律进行概括，从实践中找出规律性的经验教训，因此总结具有A.客观性的特点C.理论性的特点 B.主观性的特点D.针对性的特点9.由领导个人凭着良好的愿望杜撰出来的计划，只能是无源之水、无本之木，可能令人无法执行，因此计划在写作时要求A.论证充分C.内容全面 B.条理清楚D.集思广益10.会议记录要当场把开会时的自然情况和具体情况如实记录下来，因此会议记录具有A.纪实性的特点C.预见性的特点 B.时效性的特点D.可行性的特点11.不管是欢迎词表达“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”的愉悦心情，还是欢送词表达亲朋远行的依依惜别之情，都具有的特点是A.说服力强C.情理结合 B.号召力强D.感情真挚12.请柬的正文内容如时间、地点、活动的具体事项必须写清楚、完整，不可疏忽遗漏，因此请柬写作时要求A.语气谦恭C.事理结合 B.有说服力D.表达准确13.请柬大都用于正式的社交场合，因此，在款式和装帧设计上比较讲究艺术性，注重外表的美观、精致、庄重大方，因此请柬具有A.礼节性的特点C.夸张性的特点 B.奢侈性的特点D.精美性的特点14.闭幕词要号召与会人员以及非与会人员为完成会议提出的任务而奋斗，因此闭幕词具有A.号召性的特点C.理想性的特点 B.宣告性的特点D.强迫性的特点15.根据逻辑关系，由已知的某一现象或几个现象类比推断，得出结论的一种方法是A.因果法C.分析法 B.专家意见法D.类推法16.双方或多方就某一项目的合作问题，在实质性谈判之前，经过初步接触而形成的，具有原则性、导向性意见的书面材料是A.意向书B.经济合同书17.最能反映市场调整报告作用的是A.事实性C.时效性B.针对性D.主观性18.全面客观的资料能够保证分析的正确性、评估的公正性，直接关系到项目投资的经济效益、社会效益的好坏，因此要求经济项目可行性研究报告A.结构严谨C.谨慎思考 B.分析正确D.材料充分19.脱离商品实际的商品广告，会使消费者有上当受骗之感，从而影响商品的信誉，因此商品广告写作时要求A.能吸引消费者C.具有欺骗性 B.实事求是D.使用模糊语言20.写作者通过全篇内容表达出来的贯穿全文的写作意图、观点和公务活动的行为意向，称为应用文的A.立意C.构思 B.主旨D.实用性21.提出问题的依据，并能对主旨加以说明和支撑的是A.分析C.材料 B.推理D.归纳22.从若干个别事例中得出共同结论以证明论点的方法是A.归纳论证法C.类比论证法 B.演绎论证法D.因果论证法二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。
2012年度1月、4月、7月、10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试_英语(二)试卷及答案
A．causes B．victimsC．purposesD．increases
5．Binary stars，as their name suggests，are twin stars whose position in space______ each other．
A．affects B．expects C．perfects D．inspects
___19___people of the poor countries of the world usually eat only what they are able to produce themselves. In some parts of Asia, people live ___20___rice alone.
8．We should______primary importance to the development of economy．
A．attach B．convertC．attribute D．contribute
9．Examiners who are______to favorites are criticized by many people．
A．indifferent B．similar C．euivalent D．partial
10．Look for small ways to add activity to your day, like taking the stairs______the elevator or going on a short walk．
2．There is little______increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading．
全国2012年10月自学考试英语写作试题
全国2012年10月自学考试英语写作试题(总分：100.00，做题时间：150分钟)一、课程代码：00603 (总题数：1，分数：0.00)二、Ⅰ. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points) (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1. The Magic of Music Music is one of the most common forms of entertainment. I can hardly think of anyone who doesn’t like music. It appears that wherever you go, music is playing or someone is listening to his or her MP3 or CD player. From middle school students to business executives, almost everyone seems to be a keen music lover. Why do people enjoy music so much?I believe music works like magic: it pleases our senses, lightens our moods, and helps to develop friendship. To begin with, music appeals to us greatly because heating is one of our most receptive and pleasure-feeling senses. Our ears are capable of heating and interpreting an extremely broad range of pitch and tones. Yet, other than music, the day-to-day sounds we usually hear are a scattered and unrelated series of overlapping middle tones, for example, voices and construction noise. The lack of harmony and variation in these sound waves can cause a headache. Conversely, music is the only kind of sound that is comprised of a harmonized and logical sequence of high and low tones. It is simply and naturally pleasing to our senses._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, music is of great value because it is a means of establishing a common interest among both friends and strangers. Friends frequently take pleasure in sharing new music. The quality of a particular piece of music is something that even strangers can agree on without much debate. Strangers from different countries can easily become friends through the simple process of singing or dancing together to music. Music, the only universal language, binds people together. Therefore, music has magic power which stimulates our senses and enhances our moods and emotions. It also serves as a means for establishing closer ties between friends and strangers alike. Indeed, a life without music would be boring and difficult.（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案： )解析：三、Ⅱ. Write an outline. (20 points) (总题数：1，分数：20.00)2. Leonardo da Vinci Leonar do da Vinci’s works of art made him world-famous. But there was far more to this great man of ideas than just the Mona Lisa’s pretty face. Leonardo is often thought of primarily as an artist, and with masterpieces such as The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa to his credit, his place in art history is assumed. Yet his notebooks show that his main interests lay elsewhere?—in engineering and technology. The notebooks are full of drawings and designs for all kinds of inventions—from calculating machines to tanks, from parachutes to helicopters. If his pioneering work on anatomy is also taken into consideration, we can easily see why Leonardo is considered one of the greatest geniuses of all time. He is not only an outstanding artist, but also a great scientist. Born in 1452, Leonardo was given only a rudimentary education in his early age. After ten years in the workshop of the artist Verrocchio, he set up as a freelance artist. Some of his works have survived, and reveal a stunning combination of technical skills with very careful observation. His works also reveal an emerging fascinationwith technology, with technical drawings of equipment of all kinds. Leonardo was particularly fascinated by the technology of warfare. At this time, Florence was at war with the Pope, and Leonardo realized that this was an opportunity to make use of his new inventions for better guns and other military equipment. However, the war ended before anything could come of his plan and he returned to his painting. At the age of thirty, he left his home town and eventually moved to Milan, where he spent seventeen years under the patronage of Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan. Here he continued to combine his scientific and technological work with his painting, which was of perspective and proportion. During this period, he painted The Last Supper and developed his ideas for chemical weapons and flame-throwers. When Sforza was driven from power by the French, Leonardo returned to Florence and spent four years working for Cesare Borgia as an engineer and military architect. He now became fascinated with flight. He studied birds for clues about how to fly and drew sketches of machines resembling helicopters. In 1506, he returned to Milan and became increasingly focused on science. He began to study human anatomy and the circulation of blood. He also drew up a comprehensive guide to the working of living creatures. He died at Amboise in France, where he was welcomed by King Francois I. He continued to do the occasional sketch, a few designs and plans for buildings, but most of his time was devoted to sorting out his scientific papers. Only twenty-one of his dozens of notebooks survive. Just seventeen paintings have been ascribed to him with certainty, and some of those are tunfinished. Leonardo may not have achieved the perfection that he aspired to but he came closer to it in more fields than anyone before or since. Topic Outline:____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：四、Ⅲ. Compose an essay. (60 points)(总题数：1，分数：60.00)3.Many young people choose to overwork in order to make more money; however, persistent overwork will affect their health in the long,run. What is your opinion on this? Write a 300-word expository essay explaining your views.（分数：60.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：)解析：。
学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《英语写作基础》考试试题及答案解析
学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《英语写作基础》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1、写信( 40 points)Write a letter according to the following situation: the Wenchuan earthquake has made this winter extremely difficult for the victims. Write to tell your friend Smith that you are raising money to buy 200 pieces of cotton-padded clothing and some other necessities for the earthquake victims. Ask him to join the charity and show your appreciations for his help.Don ’ t forget to tell him your phone number555-5555for further discussion. Please sign your name as Li Ping. (150-200 words)正确答案：Dear Smith,Oct. 26, 2008I am writing to ask if you could join a charity thatI am organizing for the Wenchuan earthquake victims before the winter approaches.As you know, the Wenchuan earthquake occurred on Mary 12 this year, claiming tens of thousands of lives in SichuanProvince and leaving millions of people homeless there. Tents, food, quilts, clothes and other necessities are still badly needed for the victims in the quake-hit areas. My friends and I are striving to raise sufficient money to buy 200 pieces of cotton-padded clothing and some other necessities, which certainly will be of great help to the victims in the coming winter. The quake has made this winter on exceptionally trying one for the quake victims. Any donations will be highly appreciated.If it ’s convenient, please reach me at 555-5555 for further discussion.Sincerely Yours,Li Ping答案解析：暂无解析2、改写病句：Peter ordered the meal for his friends ranging from fried shrimp to chopped beef. 正确答案：For his friends, Peter ordered the meal ranging from fried shrimp to chopped beef. 答案解析：暂无解析3、改写病句：One of Jenny ’greatest s joys in life is eating desserts. Such as milkshake, cookies or strawberry cake.正确答案：One of Jenny ’s greatest joys in life is eating desserts, such as milkshake, cookies or strawberry cake.答案解析：暂无解析4、改写病句：While driving on Blueberry Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree fell toward Jack正确答案：While Jack was driving on Blueberry Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree fell toward Jack’s car.答案解析：暂无解析5、改写病句：Shakespeare wrote comedies, tragedies, romances, and the plays which were based on historical events.正确答案：Shakespeare wrote comedies, tragedies, romances, and some plays which were based on historical events.答案解析：暂无解析6、改写病句：In summer, Juanna didn ’t love traveling in Rome she felt it was too hot there. 正确答案：In summer, Juanna didn’t love traveling in Rome because she felt it was too hot there. 答案解析：暂无解析7、重写句子：We lived in a small town when I was a small child. We moved to Shanghai later. My father landed a better job there.(compound-complex sentence)正确答案：We lived in a small town when I was a small child, and we moved to Shanghai later because my father landed a better job there.答案解析：暂无解析8、重写句子：At the international museum, you can find ancient Egyptian art. You can explore African artifacts there. You can discover beautiful textiles from around the world there.(parallel structure)正确答案：At the international museum, you can find ancient Egyptian art, explore African artifacts, discover beautiful textiles from around the world.答案解析：暂无解析9、重写句子：We slipped on the road when we could see no lights in the heavy rain that night.(periodic sentence)正确答案：When we could see no lights in the heavy rain that night, we slipped on the road.答案解析：暂无解析10、重写句子：Fossil fuels are non-renewable. We need to find alternative energy sources. (compound sentence)正确答案：Fossil fuels are non-renewable, so we need to find alternative energy sources.答案解析：暂无解析11、重写句子：Alan passed the test. Alan had studied hard. Alan had understood the material.(complex sentence)正确答案：Alan passed the test because Alan had studied hard and understood the material.答案解析：暂无解析12、重写句子：When we are relieved of working pressures of the office, we can enjoy happiness and relaxation at home.(modifying phrase)正确答案：Relieved of working pressures of the office, we can enjoy happiness and relaxation at home.答案解析：暂无解析13、重写句子：The teacher returned the homework. The teacher noticed the error.(complex sentence) 正确答案：The teacher returned the homework when(after) she noticed the error.答案解析：暂无解析14、重写句子：I have checked my documents several times. I still can’find t the problem.(compound sentence)正确答案：I have checked my documents several times, but I still can’t find the problem.答案解析：暂无解析15、重写句子：Not until he crossed the line and felt the tape snap against his chest did Johnson know he had won the race.(loose sentence)正确答案：Johnson did not know he had won the race until he crossed the line and felt the tape snap against his chest.答案解析：暂无解析16、重写句子：Hockey is a sport which is popular in many countries around the world.(simple sentence) 正确答案：In many counetries around the world, hockey is a popular sport.答案解析：暂无解析17、Ifyouaretoo________ofyourchildren,theywillneverlearntodealwithdifficultiesinlife.A、respectiveB、detectiveC、protectiveD、effective正确答案：C答案解析：A 个别的、各自的 B 侦探 C 保护的、防护的 D 有效的18、Lookatthisgroupofpeople______beachvolleyball.A、playedB、isplayedC、playingD、ispll20、Veryfewpeopleunderstoodthiscontract,______wasveryobscure.A、thelanguageB、thelanguageofwhichC、allitsaidD、whichithadsaid正确答案：B答案解析：the language of which 引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中做主语。
全国自考英语阅读二2012年10月_真题-无答案
全国自考英语阅读（二）2012年10月(总分100,考试时间150分钟)课程代码：00596请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
全部题目用英文作答（翻译题除外）。
选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I. Reading Comprehension (50 points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there are five questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and then blacken the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.Passage One From time to time, we need an expert. In such situations, the Internet has been like a gift from the gods. In the old days, authorities were near at hand for expert advice: the village seamstress on how to make a buttonhole, the blacksmith on how to take care of a horse’s hooves, or the apothecary on what to do about warts. On the Internet, advice and answer sites are popping up all over the place, with self-proclaimed experts at the ready. claims to have “tens of thousands of experts who can help you,”while the more restrained , owned by The New York Times, limits its pitch to “Ask Anything! Real People. Real Answers.” It’s said that expert sites or knowledge networks represent t he latest stage in the Internet’s evolution, a “democratization of expertise.” However, if your question is about something other than “Who invented the light bulb?”, the answers are likely to be a wild potpourriof personal opinions. Top colleges and universities are rushing into online education, but the big news is the proliferation of a new breed of for-profit online institutions bringing Internet education to the masses.“The Internet will probably be the single most democratizing force in education,”says Columbia Business School Dean Meyer Feldberg, who envisions educational programs being routed through the net to hundreds of millions of people. The largest online institution is the University of Phoenix, with some 6,000 students today and hopes of reaching 200,000 students in 10 years. The university offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees in business management, technology, education, and nursing. The university notes that its degree programs cost far less and may take some students far less time to complete. On the other hand, a Business Week survey of 247 companies found that only a handful would consider hiring applicants who earned their MBA degrees online.Whether that will change as for-profit online universities improve their offerings and graduates prove their worth-is anyone’s guess. The rest of the world is moving into cyberspace more slowly than the United States, and, in the developing world, the Internet has hardly penetrated at all. UN Secretary-General KofiAnnan is determined to change this through the United Nations Information Technology Service, which will train large numbers of people to tap into the income enhancing power of the Internet. Annan is also proposing an Internet health network that will provide state-of-the-art medical knowledge to 10,000 clinics and hospitals in poor countries.Questions l-5 are based on Passage One.1. From the passage we may assume that the author______.A. trusts old days experts more than online onesB. believes that most of the online experts are qualifiedC. trusts the intelligence of large amounts of experts onlineD. believes that online experts can answer people’s questions better2. From paragraph 2 we can infer that the author’s attitude towards experts online is_________.A. excitedB. neutralC. doubtfulD. indifferent3. Which of the following best describes the author’s opinion towards the future of online education?A. People have to wait and see.B. It is predictable in future development.C. It cannot thrive without good management.D. People believe that it is doomed from the start.4. The underlined phrase“state-of-the-art” in paragraph 6 means______.A. advanced and in large quantityB. very creative and artisticC. skillful and attractiveD. very modern5. Kofi Annan’s United Nations Information Technology Service aims at ______.A. improving UN staff’s computer skillB. promoting the use of the Internet over the worldC. providing medical knowledge to poor hospitalsD. promoting the use of the Internet in the United StatesPassage Two Nowadays there is a remarkable consensus among educators and business and policy leaders on one key conclusion: we need to bring what we teach and how we teach into the 21st century. Right now we’re aiming too low. Competency in reading and math — the focus of so much No Child Left Behind (NCLB) testing – is the meager minimum. Scientific and technical skills are, likewise: utterly necessary but insufficient. Today’s eco nomy demands not only a high-**petence in the traditional academic disciplines but also what might be called 21st century skills. Here’s what they are: Knowing more about the world. Kids are global citizens now, even in small-town America, and they must learn to act that way. Mike Eskew, CEO of UPS, talks about needing workers who are“global trade literate, sensitive to foreign cultures, conversant in different languages” — not exactly strong points in the U.S., where fewer than half of high school students are enrolled in a foreign-language class and where the social-studies curriculum tends to fixate on U.S. history. Thinking outside the box. Jobs in the new economy —the ones that won’t get outsourced or automated –“put an enormous premium on creative and innovative skills, seeing patterns where other people see only chaos,” says Marc Tucker, an author of the **mission report and president of the National Centeron Education and the Economy. Traditionally that’s been an American strength, but school s have become less daring in the back-to-basics climate of NCLB. Kids also must learn to think across disciplines, since that’s where most new breakthroughs are made. It’s **binations — design and technology, mathematics and art –“that produce YouTube and Google,” says Thomas Friedman, the best-selling author of The World Is Flat.Becoming smarter about new sources of information. In an age of overflowing information and proliferating media, kids need to rapidly process what’s coming at them and distinguish between what’s reliable and what isn’t. “It’s important that students know how to manage it, interpret it, validate it, and how to act on it,” says Dell executive Karen Bruett, who serves on the board of the Partnership for 21st Century Skills, a group of corporate and education leaders focused on upgrading American education. Developing good people skills. EQ, or emotional intelligence, is as important as IQ for success in today’s work place.‘‘Most innovations today involve large teams of people,” says fo rmer Lockheed Martin CEO Norman Augustine. “We have to **munication skills, the ability to work in teams and with people from different cultures.”Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.6. The passage is mainly concerned with______.A. the No Child Left Behind program as a minimum requirementB. **bination for 21st century school educationC. the **petence required of a student in the 21st centuryD. emotional intelligence as a means to career success in the 21st century7. If the workers are global trade literate, they should be______.A. global citizens even when they are kidsB. armed with foreign cultures and languagesC. living in big cities rather than in small townsD. good at doing business with peoples over the world8. It can be inferred from the passage that American kids used to be strong at______.A. making **binationsB. social-studies courses and U.S. historyC. producing YouTube and GoogleD. creative and innovative thinking9. What should a student in an age of exploding information do with new sources of information?A. They should guard against the wrong information.B. They should be able to tell the difference between them.C. They should know how to interpret and organize them.D. They should be able to process them and identify the reliable ones.10. According to the passage, emotional intelligence involves______.A. teamwork, cooperation skills **munication skillsB. ability to deal with people from different backgroundsC. ability to make innovations as well as high intelligenceD. success in today’s workplace with people from many culturesPassage Three It has been two decades since the fate of a bashful bird that most people had never seen came to symbolize the bitter divide over whether to save or saw down the ancient forests of the Pacific Northwest. Yet it was not until Thursday that the federal government offered its final plan to prevent the bird, the northern spotted owl, from going extinct. After repeated revisions, constant court fights andshifting science, the Fish and Wildlife Service presented a plan that addresses a range of threats to the owl, including some that few imagined when it was listed as a threatened species in 1990. The newer threats include climate change and the arrival of a formidable **petitor, the barred owl, in the soaring old-growth evergreens of Washington, Oregon and California where spotted owls nest and hunt. One experiment included in the plan: shooting hundreds of barred owls to see whether that helps spotted owls recover. Even after all these years since the spotted owl became the cause célèbre of the environmental movement, it is far from clear that the plan is a solution. Advocates on both sides say it will inevitably be challenged, and both sides have expressed frustration with the Obama administration on the issue. The spotted owl is declining by an average of 3 percent per year across its range. While some populations in Southern Oregon and Northern California are more stable, some of the steepest rates of decline are here in Washington. Some study areas in the Olympic and Cascade ranges show annual declines as high as 9 percent. The listing of the spotted owl as a threatened species led to a virtual ban on logging in many older federal forests, inspiring angry lawsuits and threats of violence by rural loggers against owl advocates, who often came from urban areas. “Nothing against the bird, but it’s wreaked a lot of havoc in the Pacific Northwest for the past 20 years,” said Ray Wilkeson, president of the Oregon Forest Industries Council, which represents loggers, sawmills and others in the industry. “A lot of human suffering has resulted from this. Now there’re new threats to the ow l that may be beyond anybody’s ability to control.” Although the plan does not map critical habitat — the mapping process is more than a year away **pletion, a fact that frustrates conservationists – it proposes expanding protections for owls beyond areas currently set aside. The existing areas were outlined by the Northwest Forest Plan, which was approved a year after President Clinton’s Timber Conference, revised under President George W. Bush to allow more logging and reinstated by the Obama administration. The American Forest Resource Council, a timber industry group, said the plan would impose “massive new restrictions on both federal and private lands.” But supporters say it will provide more wood for mills by increasing forest thinning and restoration work to battle threats like disease and fire that could increase with climate change. The plan would provide **panies incentives to create potential spotted owl habitat. Officials from the Forest Service and from the Bureau of Land Management, which oversee logging on federal land, expressed support for the plan. While timber advocates question protections for a bird that some say may be bound for extinction, conservationists say that it is too soon to give up on the spotted owl, and that the fight to save it has served broader benefits of the forest, from cleaner water and air to habitat for hundreds of other species, including endangered salmon. “The spotted owl is the icon,” Dr. Forsman said, “but there are a lot of other players in terms of species and protecting biodiversity in these forests.”Questions 11-15 are based on Passage Three.11. The purpose of the new government plan is to______.A. save Northern spotted owlB. save the Northwest forestC. list environmental threats to the Northern spotted owlD. list the Northern spotted owl as a threatened species12. Which (from Paras. 3, 4) of the following is NOT true?A. The number of barred owls grows fast.B. The spotted owl is hunted in the forest.C. The number of spotted owls is in decline.D. The barred owl is a newcomer to the forest.13. Who doubt about the plan?A. Only timber advocates.B. Only owl advocates.C. Advocates from both urban and rural areas.D. Both owl advocates and timber advocates.14. Conservationists feel frustrated because______.A. the new mapping of habitat in the protection for owls is slow to completeB. the new mapping of habitat for owls will extend beyond presently set areasC. the revised Northwest Forest Plan under President Obama is maintainedD. President Bush revised Northwest Forest Plan and allowed more logging15. Dr. Forsman wanted to express in the last paragraph that_______.A. the spotted owl is a rare speciesB. there are a lot of other players in the forestC. the spotted owl needs protectionD. some other species are equally importantPassage Four If you’ve ever been pranked on April Fools’ Day, you may wonder how this tradition started. Well, you’re not alone. No one knows for sure how April Fools’ Day began. But the most likely explan ation has to do with the calendar. No, that’s not an April Fools’ Day joke. People used to celebrate New Year’s Day on April lst. Just like today, people would have big parties to celebrate. Over time, the calendar changed and so did the date for New Ye ar’s. In the 1500s, the new calendar marked New Year’s Day as January lst. But because there was no Internet or other means to spread the word, the news traveled slowly by word of mouth. It took a while for everyone to hear about the change, and even then some people resisted it. They continued to celebrate New Year’s on April lst. These people were given the nickname“April fools”. People following; the new calendar played tricks on the “April fools” by sending them on“ fool’s errands”. They had the “April fools” deliver invitations to big New Year’s celebrations that weren’t really going to happen. In France, “April fools” were called “Poisson d’Avril”, which is French for “April Fish”. This began because people thought fish were easy to catch since they could be fooled into taking the bait on a hook. Children would tag a paper fish on a person’s back to mark them as an “April Fish”. When the person discovered the fish, the prankster would yell “Poisson d’Avril”. Not everyone is convinced that this is a ctually how the tradition of April Fools’Day began. People have tried to pinpoint the exact date of the first April Fools’ Day, but this only led to more pranks. A professor from Boston University pranked a reporter by making up a story about a court jester who said he could run the empire better than the king. The jester was made king for a day on April lst. This turned out to be a big April Fools’ Day trick because the reporter thought the story was real. Even though we aren’t sure how this tradition began, people still celebrate April Fools’ Day by playing tricks on each other. So the next time you prank someone and yell “April Fools!” remember that the day may actually be about the people who didn’t want to change their traditions when the new calend ar was adopted. Or maybe it’s just a day to celebrate the joker in all of us.Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Four16. If you prank somebody, it means you______.A. play card with that personB. win a trick over that personC. play a trick on that personD. know a trick of that person17. In the 1500s, who were given the nickname “April fools”?A. People who were not smart enough.B. People who didn’t know when April Fools’ Day was.C. People who celebrated New Year’s Day o n January lst.D. People who refused to recognize New Year’s Day as January lst.18. On April lst, children in France used to______.A. place paper fish on other people’s backsB. wear paper fish on their backsC. buy a new calendarD. go boat fishing19. What does the underlined word errand mean in paragraph 3?A. A small gift sent to somebody.B. A short trip to get something done.C. A brief trip to send invitation cards.D. A short message sent to somebody.20. What is the author’s purpose for writing this article?A. To tell readers how April Fools’ Day is celebrated.B. To remind readers that April Fools’ Day is coming up.C. To teach readers about the history of April Fools’ Day.D. To persuade readers into celebrating April Fools’ Day.Passage Five You may a ready know that hurricanes are major tropical storms that can cause devastating waves, wind, and rain. They happen during “Hurricane Season”, which is from June lst until November 30th in th e Atlantic Ocean and from May 15th until November 30th in the Pacific Ocean. A storm progresses through four different stages before it is actually considered a hurricane. First is a tropical disturbance, which has thunderstorms and rotating winds, or what scientists call cyclonic circulation. Next is a tropical depression, which is similar to a tropical disturbance, but has winds between 23 and 39 miles per hour. A tropical storm is the next level, which has stronger wind speeds between 40 and 73 miles per hour. Once winds reach 74 miles per hour, the storm is officially classified as a hurricane. The winds pick up energy from the warm surface ocean water. As a hurricane crosses over land, it begins to dissipate, or break apart and reduce in strength. This is because it is no longer over the warm ocean water that it needs for energy. At this point, a hurricane can still cause a lot of damage because of high winds, rain, and flooding, but unless it makes its way back over the open ocean, it is downgraded from a hurricane back to a tropical storm. The center of a hurricane is called the eye. While most of a hurricane contains dangerously strong winds, the eye is actually a calm area in the storm. When the eye of a hurricane passes over land, people mig ht think that it’s over, but before long the wind and rain increase again as the second part of the hurricane moves through. Can you imagine flying a plane through a hurricane? If you’re a hurricane hunter, it’s your job! Hurricane Hunters fly airplanes on weather missions to help the National Hurricane Center make predictions abouthurricanes. Pilots determine how fast the winds are blowing, how big the hurricane is, and which direction it’s moving. This helps people to be better prepared for hurricanes as they approach shore.Hurricanes can leave behind lots of destruction. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina ripped through Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi and Texas. This was the sixth windiest hurricane on record, and it was one of the deadliest hurricanes in history. It took l,833 lives and caused over 76 billion dollars in damages. Many people are surprised to learn that Katrina’s wind didn’t cause most of the damage. The wind had caused levees in New Orleans to break. When the levees broke, water from the Gulf of Mexico rushed into the low-lying land. Over 80% of the city of New Orleans was buried in flood water.Questions 21-25 are based on Passage Five.21. Which sequence of storm stages is in the correct order?A. Tropical depression, tropical disturbance, tropical storm, hurricane.B. Hurricane, tropical storm tropical depression, tropical disturbance.C. Hurricane, tropical depression, tropical storm, tropical disturbance.D. Tropical disturbance, tropical depression, tropical storm, hurricane.22. What would you observe if you were in the eye of a hurricane?A. Very heavy rain.B. Very little wind.C. Strong and spinning winds.D. Strong winds and heavy rain.23. What happens when a hurricane crosses over land?A. It breaks apart and forms tornadoes.B. It gathers more vapor from land.C. It moves more quickly.D. It loses strength.24. What does a hurricane hunter do?A. Fly airplanes through hurricanes.B. Help people find a safe place to stay.C. Issue warnings to notify people of danger.D. **puters to predict the paths of hurricanes.25. What caused the most destruction during Hurricane Katrina in 2005?A. Houses being blown away.B. Floods due to breaking levees.C. Heavy rain due to Hurricane Katrina.D. People going outdoors during the storm.非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
10月基础英语自考试题(3)
2012年10月基础英语自考试题全国2012年10月基础英语自考试题请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）（一）词汇应用（15分）选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
1. He is most ______ to succeed.A. possiblyB. likelyC. probablyD. surely2. If a foreign merchant must pay a tax on his goods，he must ______ more for them.A. payB. chargeC. askD. demand3. The free-port idea ______ in ancient times in the Middle East.A. originatedB. producedC. cameD. invented4. Many people ______ on while the two men fought.A. letB. lookedC. passedD. sat5. Supplies of this commodity greatly ______ demand.A. cheatB. lackC. exceedD. lag6. They ______ us to get a return ticket.A. advisedB. wishedC. offeredD. suggested7. The world has ______ great changes in the last two decades.A. inexperiencedB. formedC. informedD. experienced8. Insurers do not have to ______ the damages if a policyholder deliberately sets fire to an office building.A. coverB. includeC. involveD. contain9. In 1992 ______，the factory saved 200，000 RMB for our country.C. stillD. whole10. Scientific discoveries are often applied ______ industrial production methods.A. toB. aboveC. atD. from11. Science and technology is the first productive force，and scientific research is the ______ of modern industrial research.A. backdoorB. backC. doorD. backbone12. Although we had expected them to take a taxi，our relatives arrived by a ______ car.A. ownB. peculiarC. privateD. special13. The young teacher is becoming more and more popular among the students because of his ______ of humor.A. skillB. feelingsC. principleD. sense14. I ______ some money from the bank to buy a new coat.A. depositB. lendC. withdrawD. take15. A small cut in the prices will create a(n) ______ for buying.C. expectationD. plan（二）语法结构（15分）选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
10月物流英语试题及答案
2012年10月高等教育自学考试物流英语试卷课程代码05362本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试卷必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷和草稿纸上的无效。
2.第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题PART ONE (50 POINTS)Ⅰ.词汇与语法。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最适合的答案，并在答题卡上将所选答案的字母涂黑。
（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Complete each of the following sentences with the most Hkely answer.(20 points)1.The aim of management is to minimize the amount of material in stock.A.inventionB.inventiveC.inventoryD.inventiveness2.Don’t forget to refer to the book ERP in the of planning resources in your enterprese.A. wayB.routeC.processD. proceed3.The expenses will be for your account if you place an order of 100,000 tons of roll steel at a time.My workshop uses only tan tons a month.A. storageB.storeC.stockingD.stored4.The big city has s multi-cultural population with a growing base.A.industryB.industrialC.agricultureD.agricultural5.One of the key points in distribution of product is whether it is where the customer wishes toconsume it .A.profitableB.availableC.consumableeful6.We’ve studied all our catalogs.perirorspetitor’spetitorpetitors7.The firm from a local one to a national one.A.has been expandedB.has expandedC.was expandedD.expand8.Carefully manafing inventory levels good economic sense.A.makeB.are madeC. makesD.are making9.Industrial packaging has a significant on the cost and productivity of logistics.A.affectB.impactC.importanceD.function10.A growing number of customers require that product tracked as it moves through the sup-plychain.A.beingB.to beC.have beenD.be11.A warehouse manager will have to minimize the time on responding to demand and errors indispatches.A.spendingB.to spendC.spentD.spend12.Your explanation on EOQ is ,and few of us can follow you.A.unattractiveB.clearC.prospectiveD.vague13. If you refuse to develop yourself, others will you.A.beatB.overdoC.winD.outperform14. The shipping company will issue the Bill of Lading on the beasis of the statements thisdoc-ument.A. fromB.onC.forD. to15. If you passed the test , you will go to college.A.customerB.producingC.supplyD.crucial16. Generally speaking, bread can be found in a .A.bakeryB.butcher’sC.tobacconist’sD.stationery17. In this world, is very important to the modern peoplermationB. nationsC. facilityD.upstream18. If you don’t know anything about the economic , you won’t be a wise investor.A. scheduleB.cycleC.scannerser19. I can’t promise, I’ll do my bestA.butB.ifC. howeverD. anyway20. Most TPL companies tailor their service to the specific requiremeats of their customers.A.accordantB. accordingC. accordD. accordanceⅡ.阅读理解认真阅读下列三篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并在答题卡上将所选答案的字母涂黑。
2012年10月真题完整版
2012年10月真题SECTION 1Time -25 minutesPrompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.The idea of caring about only the people of one's own country seems outdated. Some people still defend this attitude, claiming that if we are going to expend resources to help people, we should help those of our own country first. But national boundaries are meaningless lines that shift over time. There is no reason why a citizen of one country should not feel just as responsible for thewell-being of people in other countries as for the well-being of those in his or her own country.Assignment: Should we care just as much about people in other countries as we do about people in our own country? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from yourreading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Some say that high achievers—people who reach their ambitious goals because of their determination and skills—always get ahead at the expense of others. When one political candidate is elected, others are defeated; when someone wins in any kind of competitive event, others lose. But this view of achievers is too negative. By improving the world around them and providing an example for all to follow, achievers benefit others as well as themselves.Assignment: Do the actions of high achievers benefit all people? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 3Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.People tend to consider the past unimportant. After all, why waste time dwelling on what has already happened? There is no way to go back and change events or their outcomes. But this way of thinking is wrong. People are too focused on the present; they should pay more and closer attention to past events. The lessons learned from examining the past are much more valuable than any lessons that people can learn from the present.Assignment: Do people learn more from examining events in the past than from focusing only on the present? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 4Studies of creativity often focus primarily on writers, artists, composers, and scientists. Political leaders are not usually considered to be very creative. Indeed, it is sometimes said that it is a good thing that leaders in general are not very creative, since an excess of creativity, especially in leaders who have to enforce rules,would only lead to trouble. Yet surely some degree of creativity is desirable in all walks of life.Adapted from Thomas G. West, In the Mind's EyeAssignment: Do all people need to be creative? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.SECTION 4Time -25 minutes35 Questions1. William Dalrymple's book is not only a gripping tale of politics and power and also evidence of the complexity of cross-cultural relation ships.(A) and also(B) but also(C) as well as(D) in addition(E) and2. Walking out of the theater, it was agreed by my sister and me that the movie was vastly overrated(A) it was agreed by my sister and me(B) it was agreed by my sister and I(C) my sister and me, we agreed(D) my sister and me agreed(E) my sister and I agreed3. When packing for a trip you should follow the advice offered in many magazine articles: choose wrinkle- free clothing in black and in neutral colors.(A) you should follow the advice offered in many magazine articles(B) you would follow the advice offered from many magazine article(C) follow the advice with many magazine articles(D) the advice in many magazine articles is offered and one should follow it(E) many magazine articles would offer advice to be followed4. Home fuel cells, already avail able in Japan, which is a compact, pollution-free device that produce electricity at a fraction of the regular cost.(A) which is a compact, pollution-free device(B) a compact, pollution-free device(C) these devices are compact, pollution-free.(D) is a compact, pollution-free device(E) are compact, pollution-free devices5. Because writers in colonial America had to pay their own printing costs, authorship was largely a profession with those who were relatively wealthy.(A) authorship was largely a profession with those who were(B) authorship was largely a profession of the(C) authorship, largely a profession of the(D) authorship having largely been a profession for those who were(E) therefore authorship was largely a profession for the6. The program is one of many projects included in the ambitious Copenhagen Climate Plan, it aims to make the Danish capital carbon neutral by 2025.(A) it aims(B) its aim is(C) where they aim(D) which aims(E) which is aimed7. In a Zen rock garden, stones are positioned to represent islands, and the sounding gravel is raked to form patterns that suggests ocean waves.(A) patterns that suggests(B) patters suggesting(C) patterns, they suggest(D) patters; which suggest(E) patterns; this suggesting8. Until relatively recently humans were thought to be uniquelyself-aware, scientists now know that most chimpanzees and orangutans can recognize their own reflections.(A) scientists now know(B) but scientists now know(C) but scientists who now know(D) however, scientists now know(E) but with scientists now knowing9. Evidence of the prehistoric hunter-gatherers who once occupied the Grand Canyon includes animal figurines made out of split and woven twigs as well as rock-art panels and stone tools.(A) who once occupied the Grand Canyon includes(B) that once occupied the Grand Canyon include(C) when they occupied the Grand Canyon include(D) once occupying the Grand Canyon including(E) who at one time occupied the Grand Canyon including10. After scheduling it for demolition, the hundred-year-old building was instead moved to a new location.(A) After scheduling it for demolition, the hundred- year-old building was instead moved(B) After scheduling the hundred-year-old building for demolition, it was instead moved(C) After being scheduled for demolition, they instead moved the hundred-year-old building(D) Having been scheduled for demolition, they instead moved the hundred-year-old building(E) Having been scheduled for demolition, the hundred-year-old-building was instead moved11. Because Earth's gravity is greater than the Moon's, the energy expended in traveling from Earth to the Moon is greater than the opposite direction.(A) the oppositeB) traveling in the opposite(C) if one travels in the opposite(D) that of traveling in the opposite(E) that expended in traveling in the opposite12. A passion fruit, which is (A) about the size(B) of an egg, has(C)a brittle outer shell that became(D) slightly wrinkled when the fruitis ripe. No error (E)13. Across the street (A) from the new bookstore and coffee shop were (B) an old, dilapidated playground whose(C) broken equipment and overgrown weeds attested to long neglect (D). No error (E) 14. Because perspiration does not (A) evaporate efficient (B) at high humidity, humid air often feels warmer(C) to us(D) than would dry air at the same temperature. No error (E)15. Hull House was founded by(A) Jane Addams as a community project in which(B) people of the neighborhood joined trained social workers to provide(C) day care, schooling, meals and they offer many(D) other services. No error (E)16. Although Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit was far from being(A) the only(B) eighteenth-century scientist to propose(C) a temperature scale, but his(D) was one of the few that were widely used. No error(E)17. Often used interchangeable (A) in recipes, the nectarine and the peach share (B) many characteristics, but the skin of a nectarine is smoother(C) than that of a peach (D). No error (E)18. Speed-reading was once promoted mainly (A) to people who were eager (B) to catch up on recreational reading, but now themethod appeals to(C) busy executives coping about (D) information overload. No error (E)19. Like former British prime minister Margaret Thatcher, who(A) studied chemistry in college. German chancellor Angela Merkel was initially (B) drawn to(C) the sciences, earning (D) a doctorate in physics before entering politics. No error (E)20. When the first department stores opened in the late nineteenth century, they (A) were cavernous, no-frills storerooms that stock(B) a hodgepodge of items previously available(C) only from(D) specialty merchants. No error (E)21. Although the author has presented (A) her book to he publisher as a (B) fact -based memoir, she later confessed that it had been entirely(C) fabricated (D). No error (E)22. Because oysters eat by filtering (A) nutrients through their gills, their health is affected by(B) the quality of the water passing(C) through it(D). No error (E)23. All morning long (A) my friend and 1 waited patiently (B) in the courtroom to hear(C) whether we would be selected as a juror (D) in the upcoming trial. No error (E)24. Researchers recognize that(A) the cuttlefish has an extraordinary ability(B) to camouflage itself, but they(C) have only a rough understanding of how(D) it does so. No error (E)25. The plunging cost of genome-sequencing technologies are (A) expected to give people unprecedented (B) opportunities to examine(C) their own (D) genetic profiles. No error (E)26. It was not until 1982, the year two major supermarket chains began(A) replacing paper bags with(B) plastic ones, when(C) the use of plastic shopping bags became(D) widespread. No error(E)27. Because (A) the high-altitude regions where it lives (B) have(C) cold temperature, dry soil, and growing seasons are short (D), the bristlecone pine grows very slowly. No error (E)28. Country-and- western musicians, who (A) in the past were thought to lack (B) market consciousnesses, are(C) now seen as one of (D) the most commercially savvy performers in show business. No error (E)29. New Jersey's Atlantic City still uses wooden planks for their(A) boardwalk, even though(B) other towns have begun using(C) plastic planks, which last far longer(D). No error(E)Questions 30-35 refer to the following passage.(1)In 1902 an engineer named Willis Carrier designed anair-cooling system for a Brooklyn printing company. (2) Little did Carrier suspect that his "Apparatus for ―Treating A ir,‖ the first modern air conditioner, had changed the way people in the United States worked and lived.(3) At first, they used such devices exclusively in private industry. (4)Their ability to cool indoor environments improved worker productivity and protected products as various as chocolate, film and leather from heat damage. (5) Likewise, starting in the 1920s, air-conditioning increasingly appeared in public settings –most dramatically in the modern movie house, which it transformed.(6) Before air-conditioning，theater owners typically lost money in the summer, when the heat and poor ventilation made theaters unappealing. (7) In 1925 Carrier persuaded Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures to install air-conditioning in the Rivoli Theater in Manhattan. (8) The experiment was an enormous success. (9) Crowds flocked to the Rivoli. (10) Over the next five years, more than 300 movie theaters in the United States would follow the Rivoli's example.(11) Movie theaters were just the beginning. (12) The introduction of air-conditioning into public areas, such as stores and restaurants not only made those areas more comfortable but also created a demand for the same level of comfort in the home. (13) As the cost of the new technology came down, air-conditioned houses became a fixture of modern American life. (14) For example, porches became less common as the need to take advantage of breezes disappeared, a trend that prompted some social critics to voice concerns about the loss of contact with nature and neighbors.(15) Still, Zukor was right when he said of air-conditioning. "The people are going to like it."30. Where in the passage would the following sentence best be placed?Air-conditioning even altered the way those houses were designed.(A)Immediately before sentence 3(B)Immediately before sentence 6(C)Immediately before sentence 9(D)Immediately before sentence 12(E)Immediately before sentence 1431. In context which of the following revisions to sentence 2 (reproduced below) is most needed?Little did Carrier suspect that his "Apparatus for Treating Air." the first modern air conditioner had changed the way people in the United States worked and lived.(A)Change "Little did Carrier suspect" to ―Carrier did not suspect‖(B)Change "his" to ―this‖(C)Insert "which was" before ―the first modern air conditioner‖(D)Change "had changed" to ―would change‖(E)Change ―people‖ to ―individuals‖32. In context, which is the best way to revise and combine the underlined portion of sentences 3 and 4(reproduced below)?At first, they used such devices exclusively in private industry. Their ability to cool indoor environments improved worker productivity and protected products as various as chocolate, film and leather from heat damage.(A)they used such devices exclusively in private industry, andtheir(B)they used Carrier’s device exclusively in private indus try, asits(C)these devices were used exclusively in private industrybecause their(D)when these devices were used exclusively in private industry,their(E)Carrier’s device was used exclusively in private industry,where its33. In context, which of the following expressions would best be inserted at the beginning of sentence 7(reproduced below)?In 1925 Carrier persuaded Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures to install air-conditioning in the Rivoli Theater in Manhattan.(A)Nevertheless(B)Similarly(C)More importantly(D)Rejecting this argument(E)Responding to this problem34. In context, which revision of the underlined portion of sentence 9(reproduced below) adds information that is most relevant? Crowds flocked to the Rivoli.(A)Rivoli, eager to be present at the theater’s w idely advertisedreopening(B)Rivoli, which was named after a famous street in Paris(C)Rivoli, as much to escape the heat as to see the movies(D)Rivoli, which was a Greek Revival building designed byThomas W. Lamb(E)Rivoli, which previously had not had air-conditioning35. Which sentence is best placed after sentence 15 to conclude the passage?(A) The price of air-conditioning units, however, has held steady, even though they are now globally produced.(B) Of course, the popularity of something is no guarantee that its creator will benefit financially from it.(C) Nowadays, air-conditioning is so common in the United States that most people don’t give it a second thought—except when it’s not working.(D) Zukor himself progressed from exhibiting movies to producing them, eventually becoming the head of the Paramount Pictures Corporation.(E) On the contrary, air-conditioning id sure to be supplanted by more efficient cooling systems that have less of an impact on the environment.SECTION 5Time -25 minutes23 Questions1.John Hope Franklin’s From Slavery to Freedom was ------bookbecause it permanently altered how United States history was studied.(A)an influential(B) a comfortable(C) a plodding(D) a confusing(E)an outrageous2.Students already confused by difficult college-admissionprocedures will be further------by the university’s complex new online process.(A)cheered(B)frustrated(C)encouraged(D)fascinated(E)soothed3.Cherokee women traditionally exercised------authority: theymanaged agriculture, determined clan membership, and wielded considerable economic power.(A)extensive(B)temporary(C)limited(D)passive(E)unjust4.The------that met the novella upon publication was so------itsmodest achievement that even the author wondered whether the response was truly deserved.(A)indifference..inconsistent with(B)mensurate with(C)exaltation..essential to(D)incredulity..indicative of(E)acclamation..disproportionate to5.The participants in the study considered themselves------, but inyielding to the wishes of the group, they wereassuming------values(A)autonomous..collective(B)expedient..egotistical(C)munal(D)munificent..narcissistic(E)egalitarian..reciprocal6.Basset hounds tend to be-------breed of dog: most are not easilyaroused into action.(A) a perspicacious(B) a phlegmatic(C)an estimable(D)an overbearing(E) a resolute7.Mary Somerville’s career was that of a true------: she wrote onastronomy, mathematics, physics, and geography, among other subjects.(A)philistine(B)amateur(C)charlatan(D)polymath(E)ideologue8.Eager to appear sophisticated and learned, Vincent cultivated apersona that was both------and------.(A)benevolent..pedantic(B)morose..gregarious(C)cosmopolitan..cavalier(D)urbane..erudite(E)mordant..unequivocalQuestions 9-12 are based on the following passages.Passage 1Since long before the invention of university programs in creative writing, authors have mastered their craft in four main ways-first, by paying a certain sort of attention to the experience of life as well as merely undergoing it; second by paying a certain sort of attention to the works of their great and less great predecessors in the medium of written language. as well as merely reading them; third by practicing that medium themselves; and fourth, by offering their apprentice work for discussion and criticism by their impassioned peers, or by some more experienced hand, or by both. None of this, obviously, implies a degree-granting program in creative writing.Passage 2Can creative writing be taught? The answer I give to people is that a workshop can be useful. A good teacher can show you how to edit your work. The right class can encourage you and form the basis of a community that will help and sustain you. But the creative writing classroom, as helpful as it was to me, is not where I learned to write. Like most—maybe all—writers，I learned to write by writing and，by example，from reading books. Long before the idea of a writer's class was a glimmer in anyone's eye writers learned by reading the work of their predecessors.9. Passage 1 differs from Passage 2 in that Passage 1 notes the importance of(A) learning to read at an early age(B) studying works from the past(C) reflecting upon one 's life experiences(D) obtaining literary rather than commercial success(E) seeking advice from fellow writing students10. Both authors agree that aspiring writers should(A) read the works of previous writers to gain insights (B) teach basic writing in order to master their craft(C) avoid writing about things they have not yet(D) organize workshops where novices can meet published authors.(E) spend more time crafting their writing than reading great works11. The authors of the two passages would most likely agree that classes in creative writing(A) are best avoided entirely(B) may be useful but are not essential(C) tend not to attract the most talented young writers(D) are especially helpful for those with some experience outside the classroom(E) are valuable primarily because of the feedback from fellow students12. In their discussion of creative writing both authors point out that(A) creative writing classes tend to minimize the importance of reading great works from the past(B) there is no consensus among creative writing teachers on the best approach to teaching writing(C) very few people who take creative writing classes go on to become successful writers(D) learning the craft of writing predates the advent of creative writing programs(E) creative writing classes benefit from having a diverse student populationQuestions 13-23 are based on the following passage.This passage is adapted from a 1995 essay by a paleontologist and science historian.1 was a dinosaur nut as kid growing up in New York during the late forties and early fifties. Hardly anyone knew or cared about these creatures and I was viewed as a nerd and misfit on that ultimate field of vocational decision---the school playground at recess. 1 was called "Fossil Face"; the only other like-minded kid in the school became "Dino" (I am pleased to report that he also became a professional natural historian). The names weren't funny, and they hurt.During the last twenty years, however, dinosaurs have vaulted to a steady level of culturally pervasive popularity---from gentle Barney, who teaches proper values to young children on a television series, to ferocious monsters who can promote films from "G" to "R" ratings. This dinosaurian flooding of popular consciousness guarantees that no paleontologist can ever face a journalist and avoid what seems to be the most pressing question of the nineties: why are children so fascinated with dinosaurs?The question may be a commonplace, but it conflates two quite separate issues. The first relates to an archetypal theme and seeks the universal reason that stirs the soul of childhood. 1 know no better response than one proposed by a psychologist colleague: big, fierce, and extinct---in other words, alluring scary but sufficient safe.But the archetypal theme cannot touch the heart of current dinomania, culminating in the extraordinary response to Jurassic Park, for an obvious but oddly disregarded reason: dinosaurs were just as big, as fierce and as extinct forty years ago, but only a few kid, and even fewer professional paleontologists, cared about them. We must therefore pose a second question: why now and not before?As a practicing paleontologist would love to believe that current dinomania arose as a direct product of our research, and allthe fascinating new ideas that our profession has generated about dinosaurs. The slow, lumbering, stupid, robotic, virtually behaviorless behemoths of my childhood have been replaced by lithe behaviorally complex creatures. The giant sauropods were mired in ponds during my youth, for many paleontologists rebadged them as too heavy to hold up their own bodies on land. Now they stride across the plains, necked and tails outstretched. When I was a child, ornithopods laid their eggs and then walked away forever. Today, these same creatures are the very model of maternal, caring, politically correct dinosaurs. They watch over their nests, care for their young, form cooperative herds, and bear such lovely, peaceful names as Maiasaura, the "earth mother lizard" (in contrast with such earlier monikers as Pachycephalosaurus, the "thick boneheaded lizard"). Even their extinction now appears in a much more interesting light. They succumbed to vaguely specified types of "climatic change" in my youth; now we have firm evidence for extraterrestrial impact as the trigger for their final removal.But how can this greening of dinosaurs be the major reason for present faddishness---for if we credit the archetypal theme at all, then the underlying fascination has always been present, even in the bad old days of stupid and lumbering dinosaurs. What transforms this underlying fascination into overt and pervasive dinomania? Onequintessentially American source usually supplies a solution --- recognition and exploitation of commercial possibilities.When I was growing up in the streets of New York City, yo- yo crazes would sweep through kiddie culture every year or two, usually lasting for a month or so. These crazes were not provoked by any technological improvement in the design of yo-yos (just as more-competent dinosaurs do not engender dinomania). Similarly, a universal fascination with contained circular motion will not explain why every kid needed a yo-yo in July 1951 but not in June 1950(just as dinosaurs are always available but only sometimes exploited)The answer, in short must lie in commercialization. Every few years, someone figured out how to make yo-yos sell. At some point about twenty years ago, some set of profits from a plethora of products. You just need a little push to kick the positive feedback machine of human herding and copying behavior into its upward spiral.*a film featuring dinosaurs in a modem setting13. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) explain a scientific enterprise(B) portray a recreational trend(C) account for a puzzling phenomenon(D) remember a childhood interest(E) forewarn of a disturbing development14. In lines 5-8 ("1 was . . . hurt") the author indicates that his classmates(A) belittled him for his interest in dinosaurs(B) were jealous of his academic accomplishments(C) were offended by his arrogant behavior(D) idolized him, but they could not express it appropriately(E) were joking, but he misunderstood their motives15. The traits discussed in lines 22-23 ("big...safe")(A) Small children sometimes confuse fantasy with reality(B) Most children are interested in science. whether they know it or not.(C) The question of why children are fascinated by dinosaurs is fundamentally uninteresting.(D) Children enjoy being alarmed by things they know cannot harm them.(E) The psychological explanation of children's fascination wit h dinosaurs is the most persuasive one.16. The passage as a whole indicates that the explanation the author "would love to believe" (line 32) is(A) widely accepted by professional paleontologists(B) incapable of accounting for t he current dinomania(C) directly challenged by late-twentieth-century discoveries(D) seriously compromised by errors in methodology(E) eagerly welcomed by commercial concerns17. Lines 32-50 ("As a . . . lizard'") suggest that earlier paleontologists viewed dinosaurs in terms best described as(A) celebratory(B) cynical(C) ambivalent(D) unflattering(E) objective18. The author views the "research" mentioned in line 34 with(A) nostalgic regret(B) open contempt(C) undisguised envy(D) scholarly enthusiasm(E) cheerful optimism19. In line 40, "mired" most nearly means(A) degraded(B) delayed(C) embroiled(D) stuck(E) muddied20. Why does the author use the present tense when describing dinosaurs in lines 42-50 ("Now . . . lizard")?(A) To convey a personal sense of excitement(B) To create a tone of journalistic detachment(C) To underscore a contrast with earlier concepts(D) To emphasize the immediacy of an impression(E) To discredit the outdated work of incompetent scientists21. In lines 61-62, the phrase "usually supplies a solution" suggests that(A) commercial exploitation is a readily available explanation for many things(B) finding answers to complicated questions is an essentially American trait(C) dinomania has influenced many other American cultural phenomena。
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绝密★考试结束前全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试英语写作基础试题课程代码：00597请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案、写在答题纸上。
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I. 重写句子(15 points, 1.5 points each) Rewrite each of the following sentences according tothe requirement in brackets.Example: The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways. (periodic sentence)In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.1. I go to medical school. They want me to do that. (simple sentence)2. Although Lilliput was such a pretty country, there was trouble and danger there. (loose construction)3. Sports play a huge role in a nation’s culture. This is especially true in the United States. (compound sentence)4. The size of the student body has diminished this year owing to decreased enrollment. (periodic sentence)5. Her father won’t let her go to the party tonight. She’s in a bad mood. (complex sentence)6. It was fortunate that the weather last winter was quite mild. (sentence with –ly opener)7. Melinda was afraid that the other kids would laugh at her. She kept silent. (sentence with a modifying phrase)8. She worked long hours. She saved every penny she could. She denied herself luxuries. She1 / 4managed to save enough for an education. (sentence with parallel structure)9. My friend has a nine-year-old daughter. She is very clever at sewing. She has made clothes for her baby brother. (long sentence)10. The farmers grew worried. Clouds were forming over the mountains- They hoped a wind would blow the clouds south. (compound-complex sentence)II. 修改语句(15 points,3 points each) Correct the errors in the following sentences. Example: After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television. I resolved never to buy that brand again.After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television, I resolved never to buy thatbrand again.11. They rushed to the hospital, they were too late.12. Unable to swim any further, a lifeguard came to my rescue.13. To chew thoroughly and eating slowly are necessary for good digestion.14. It was a long walk. From the library to the dorms.15. The plant is a present from a friend that was supposed to flower in the summer.III.辩认主题句(15 points, 5 points each)16. Choose the best topic sentence from the four options below.A. One argument is that no one has the right to take another person’s life.B. Citizens believe that society is also responsible for the crime.C. Many citizens argue that serious criminals should be executed.D. The punishment of criminals has always been a problem for society.17. Read the following paragraph and write the topic sentence on the answer sheet.All through the long history of the Earth, waves have broken heavily against the land, and tides have pressed forward over the continents, moved back, and then returned. For no two days is the shoreline precisely the same. Not only do the tides advance and retreat in their eternal rhythms, but the level of the sea itself is never at rest. It rises or falls as the large masses of ice melt or grow, as the floor of the deep ocean basins shifts under its increasing load of sediments (沉积物), or as the Earth’s crust along the continental margins changes in adjustment to strain and tension. Today a little more land may be low to the sea, tomorrow a little less. Always the edge of the sea remainsa changing boundary.2 / 418. Read the following paragraph and choose the best topic sentence from the four options that follow.To renew a driver’s license, you must send an application approximately five to seven weeks before the expiration date listed on the license. Individuals who fail to renew within three years of the license expiration date are not eligible for a renewal and must repeat the initial licensing process. To renew a license, you must visit a Motor Vehicles Agency. You must present a completed renewal application; your current driver’s license; acceptable proof of age, identification, and address; and proof of social security in the form of a social security card, a state or federal income tax return, a current pay receipt, or a W-2 form. You must also pay the required fee. If all the documents and payment are in order, your photo will be taken and a new license wlil be issued.A. An applicant should be eligible in order to renew a driver’s license.B. A completed application is essential for renewing a driver’s license.C. An applicant should follow the required procedure to renew a driver’s license.D. A driver’s license must be renewed within three years of the expiration date.IV. 重新组合段落(5 points,1 point each)19.Rearrange the following sentences so that they read logically. Put the corresponding letters in a proper sequence on the answer sheet. The positions of some sentences have been given.A. Girls are ahead of boys on all counts, and both suffer.B. These are the years when the uneven pace of girls’and boys’physical, emotional, and cognitive development is most noticeable.C. Now separate classes are prohibited in public schools that receive federal funds.D. This has aroused heated debate.E. The middle school years (grades 7 and 8) are known to be the “tough years.”F. The debate has been focused on whether separating boys and girls during these difficult years might improve students’academic performance.G. Although some parents and educators oppose same-sex classes, there is some evidence that separating boys and girls in middle school yields positive results.3 / 4V. 找出与段落内容无关的句子(10 points, 5 points each)20. Read the following paragraph and write the TWO irrelevant sentences on the answersheet.My most frustrating job was cooking for a local fast food restaurant during my junior year in high school. There’s a coffee shop nearby. No matter how hard I tried, I never could cook what the menu said because the food company always delivered the wrong food or brought it late. I also was frustrated because I had trouble estimating how much food to cook. Many times we ran short of hamburgers or had to throw away pounds and pounds of French fries. Sometimes we ate the extra French fries, though, and we’d sit around, joking and having a good time. The worst thing, however, was the condition of my clothes after the meal was over. Even if I hadn’t spilled anything (and I usually had spilled some kind of sauce), my clothes smelled awful. I’d want to go home to change before going; anywhere else. No wonder, then, I thought cooking in a fast food restaurant was frustrating.VI.写信(40 points)21. You have read in a local newspaper about a post of tour guide for the summer holiday ina travel agency. Write a letter of application to Mr.Rochester, the human resources manager of the travel agency.In the letter, tell him about①your interest in the post,②your qualifications, including your educational background, and③relevant experiences.Don’t forget to tell him your phone number (555-5555) and your email address (). Please sign your name as Li Ping. (150-200 words)4 / 4。