翻译 英译中

MoHale Waihona Puke Baidue examples:
1) It’s high time we gave him a warning.
这确实是 该警告他的时候了。
2) This will be the book you are looking for.
这或许是你真在找的书吧。
3) We are finding that the two boys are on bad terms.
第五章 翻译的语言对比规律（2）
（2011年11月17日）
Wang Zheng
Chapter Focus: Morphology: Synthetic vs. analytic Syntax: Hypotactic vs. paratactic Thinking Modes
第二节 词法的差异
Synthetic vs. analytic Inflection gender, number, case, tense, voice, comparatives, etc.
我们慢慢看出这两个孩子 关系不好。
2. Quantifies
a piece of advice, a loaf of bread, a gust of wind, a puff of smoke, a slice of bread, a cluster of keys, a bundle if flowers, etc.
Exercises
1. I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your government, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快地重提访问之事，这使我特别高兴。
etc. eg.17 p.73
小结： 一是如实保留， 二是删去不译， 三是换成说所代替的名词， 四是用“其”、“之”等。
第三节 句法的差异
I. hypotactic vs. paratactic
(分岔式与排调式)
1.英语是用明示手段，汉语是用隐含方式 Eg.18, 19, P. 74
2.形合译法 Eg.20, 21, P. 74
2. Accounts are given of huge mountains sinking, of former plains seen heaved aloft, of fires flashing out amid the ruin. 大山沉陷，平原隆起，火焰喷射，周围是一片废墟。这些都有记载。
1. Tense
eg.9 p71 I was, am and will still be working as an English teacher in the school.
我过去是，现在是，将来仍然是这所学校的英语老师。
eg.10 p71 I would have asked why …
我原想问问……
4. It is easy to see what weight can be overcome and what thrust is necessary to maintain flight. 要知道应该抵消多大重力并需要多大推力才能保持飞行，这很容易。
5. Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. 如今人们知道，如果食物中缺少了某些重要成分，即使其中不含任何有害 的物质，也会引起严重的疾病。
汉语的时态助词 1. 前置的时态副词（过去，正在等） 2. 附着的时态助词（过，者，了等） 3. 后置的时态语气词：陈述语气词（的，了，呢，罢了等） 疑问语气词（吧，吗，么，哪等） 祈使语气词（啊，呀，吧，罢等）
eg.14、15 p.72
4. Pronouns
人称代词、疑问代词、指示代词
The typical situation is the use of “it”, “they”, “them”,
More examples: 1) The avenue is flanked by rows of new buildings.
马路两旁是一排排新建的大楼。
2) The prime minister made an inspection tour in the southern provinces.
一只鸡，两扇窗，三栋房等
又：一座蛋糕、一片蛋糕？
名量词，动量词
eg.12 p71 …could see every pebble on the path, and every blade of grass … … …看清小路上的每一颗石子，每一片草叶… …
eg.13 p71
Read it over first correctly, without a single mistake. 先准确地念一遍，不要有一个错。
3. I believe strongly that it is in the interests of my countrymen that Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European Community. 我肯定相信，英国应该继续是欧洲共同体中一个积极而充满活力的成员， 这是符合我国人民利益的。
3.语序 Eg.22, 23, P. 75
4.定语与状语 Eg.24, 25, 26, 27, P. 76
总理视察了南部各省。
3) The first electronic computers came into use in 1958.
第一批电子计算机在1958年问世。
4) The Bakers are sightseeing along the coast lines.
贝克一家沿海岸线观光旅行。
3. Modal particles