翻译家许渊冲

Content
翻译“优化论” 三论
三美 三化 三之
优化论
许渊冲在继承前人学说的基础上，集毕 生翻译之经验加以发展，提出了自成一 派的翻译理论“优化论”，用“美化之 艺术，创优似竞赛”这十个字加以概括。 这十个字是许渊冲的文学理论翻译观。
文学翻译是“美化之艺术”即是“三美”， “三化”，“三之”的艺术；“美化”就 是“创优”，“优”就有高低之分，所以 创优就是竞赛，看哪种语言更能够表达原 作的内容。总的来说，文学译论也可以说 是“创优似竞赛”。优是文学翻译的本体 论，创是方法论，似是目的论，竞赛是认 识论。
• In 1983,Xu entered Peking University and served as a professor in Foreign Studies University，Institute of International Relations, School of Journalism.
• Wish you an endless view to cheer you eyes,
• Then on more story mount and higher rise.
三化
深化
等化
浅化
“三化”（深化 等化 浅化）是译诗的方法论。“深化”包括加词 分 译;“等化”包括换词 合译 ；“浅化”包括减词 反译.
• The candle grieves to see us part, • It melts in tears with brunt-out heart.
• Even the candle, feeling our sadness, • Weeps, so we do , all night along.
译
三论
诗
之
三
三美
三化
三之
论
意美
意美 音美 形美是译诗的本体论。意美是
要再现原诗的意境美，音美是要和原诗一
样有悦耳的节奏，形美主要指译诗的行数
三美
分节跟原诗相当。
音美
形美
“欲穷千里目 更上一层楼”
• You can enjoy a grander sight, • By climbing to a greater height.
夜静青山空
• night falls and the very mountains dissolve into the void
三之
知之
好之
乐之
“三之”(知之 好之 乐之）是译诗的目的论。知之是使人理解，这是翻译的基 本要求；然后是好之，能使人喜欢；最高的境界是乐之，是使人愉快。
蜡烛有心还惜别 替人垂泪到天明
《 许渊冲赞两首 》（其一）：
许是天公赐译才， 渊深海阔踏歌来。 冲霄信步诗词苑， 赞我中华大擂台。（王永泰 作）
XYZ SONG (I) Xu, Respected Translator gifted by Lord of Sky, You walk poetic oceans, sing in spirit high. Zeal for poems court, your melodies skyward fly, Songs of China’s huge arenas for poets to vie.
• In 1991,Xu retired.He published twenty works before the retirement,and after that he continued to publish forty works.
Translation works
• 《诗经》 The Book of Songs • 《楚辞》 The Songs of Chu • 《李白诗选》 Selected Poems of LiBai • 《西厢记》 Romance of the Western Chamber • 《红与黑》 The Red and The Black • 《包法利夫人》 Madame Bovary • 《追忆似水年华》 Remembrance of Things Past
传达力求完整
• 译界对许氏理论有着不同看法,褒扬者有之,反对者亦不少。 • 许渊冲对中国文化向外传播和建立中国学派的翻译理论体
系做出了巨大贡献。
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许渊冲的翻译作品
组员：余昕蕊
“音形意的体现 许渊冲经典翻译作品赏析
”
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• 关关雎鸠，
• 在河之洲。
• 窈窕淑女，
•
君子好逑
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关雎
• By riverside are cooing. • A pair of turtledoves. • A good young man is
wooing. • A fair maiden he loves
• Spring silkworm till its death spins silk from lovesick heart.
• And candles but when burned up have no tears to shed
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总结
• 许渊冲翻译实践的四大特点: • 以诗译诗、文字优美兼顾双语、韵律和谐体现诗美、意象
Xu Yuanchong 许渊冲
组员：周雪
Part Ⅰ ： • Biography • Honors
“书销中外六十本，诗译英法唯一人” “不是院士胜院士，遗欧赠美千首诗”
• He has been proclaimed as the only expert in the world who can translate Chinese poetry into English and French rhyme.
《七绝·为女民兵题照》
毛泽东
• 中华儿女多奇志， • 不爱红装爱武装
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Fra Baidu bibliotek
许渊冲的经典翻译
• Most Chinese daughters have desire to strong
• To face the powder and not to powder the face.
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• In 1944 he got into the Institute of Tsinghua University,after that he studied in Europe.
• By the time Xu returned home,he became an English and French professor in College of Foreign Languages in Beijing, Zhangjiakou, Luoyang.
李商隐《无题》
• “相见时难别亦难， 东风无力百花残”
It’s difficult for us to meet and
hard to part.
The east wind is too weak to
revive flowers dead
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• 春蚕到死丝方尽， • 蜡炬成灰泪始干
• He is not an academician but better than academicians.
Introduction
• In 1921, he was born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province.
• In 1938 with excellent grades, Xu was admitted to the National Southwest Associated University, Department of Foreign Languages.（国立西南联合大学外文系） He is successively under the tutelage of WenYiduo, BianZhiLin,Yeh Kungchao and Qian zhongshu.
（吴伟雄 译）
《 许渊冲赞两首 》 （其二）：
许诺何难实干难，
渊源远愿译为餐。
冲茶款客诗词宴，
赞美人生不赋闲。
（王永泰 作）
XYZ SONG (II) Xu, believing promise much easier than practice, You take translation as meals, the daily business. Zesting poets’ salons, your life composes a master Song to a studious and ever tireless translator.
（吴传雄 译）
Honors
• In1999， Xu Yuanchong was nominated for the Nobel Prize in literature.
• In 2010，he was awarded "translation culture life achievement award".
• 生当作人杰 • 死亦为鬼雄 • 至今思项羽 • 不肯过江东
• Be man of men while you’re alive,
• And soul of souls if you were dead.
• Think of Xiang Yu who’d not survive,
• His men whose blood for him was shed.