英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 背景材料 文章 人类南极洲探险史 精品

合集下载

【英语周报】外研版选修八备课资料:Module 5 背景材料 文章 H.G. Wells

【英语周报】外研版选修八备课资料:Module 5 背景材料 文章 H.G. Wells

H.G.Wells赫·乔·威尔斯与另两位作家约翰·高尔斯华绥和阿诺德·贝内持并称为本世纪初英国小说中的现实主义三杰。

19世纪中叶,英国的批判现实主义小说在狄更斯和萨克雷等大师手中达到了灿烂辉煌的高峰。

19世纪末、20纪初英国进入帝国主义阶段以后,现实主义小说依然发挥着它的批判作用,从道德、文化、经济、政治等各个方面暴露与抨击资本主义社会的罪恶。

在运用小说抨击时弊、争取社会进步的斗争中,赫·乔·威尔斯是本世纪初英国文坛上的一位杰出作家。

作为作家,威尔斯的成就是多方面的。

他获得的桂冠中科幻小说家、喜剧小说家、社会小说家、社会哲学家、未来预言家和人类历史学家。

他的著述不仅涉及领域广阔而且产量极高,在他进行创作的五十三年中,平均每年两部著作,另外还有大量报刊文章问世。

威尔斯的出身和经历对于他的社会改良思想的形成和创作题材的选择都起过很大的影响。

威尔斯在1866年出生于一个贫苦家庭,父亲曾当过职业棒球手,后来经商成为小店主。

他母亲早年当过佣人,后来在一家乡绅宅邸当管家。

在这户人家位于地下室的厨房里,威尔斯度过了童年时代的许多时日。

威尔斯在回顾这段生活时说,当他从地下室狭小的气窗向外观望时,他所看到的是各色各样的鞋子与靴子,仿佛世界就是由那些代表各种社会身份的鞋子和靴子组成的。

十四岁时,由于父亲破产,威尔斯不得不自谋生路,先后当过药房学徒、信差,售货员和初级教师。

后来他靠奖学金资助接受了高等师范教育,师从著名科学家托马斯·赫胥黎学习生物学,并取得了优异的学习成绩。

毕业后他当过一段时间的教师,间或从事新闻写作,给《星期六评论》等杂志投稿。

威尔斯虽然有希望成为一名优秀的教师,但他的兴趣却在于写作。

他的第一部科幻小说《时间机器》的初稿写成于学生时代,出版以后十分流行。

从此威尔斯开始了长达半个世纪的文学生涯,先后创作了一百一十多本作品,其中包括五十部长篇小说。

【英语周报】外研版选修八备课资料:Module 1 背景材料 文章 南极探险

【英语周报】外研版选修八备课资料:Module 1 背景材料 文章 南极探险

南极探险早在两三千年前,就有人猜想在南方有一块未知的大陆。

为了寻找这块神秘的土地,无数的勇士纷纷南下。

1772至1775年,英国探险家詹姆斯·库克率领"冒险"号和"果敢"号两艘帆船,到南大洋探险。

到了19世纪20年代初,更多的人加入了南极探险的行列,并且发现了南极大陆。

确切地说,这些勇士登上的都是南极大陆北部一个狭长的半岛,国际上公认的名称是"南极半岛"。

到了本世纪初,更多的探险家奔向了迷人的南极,这其中,英国人斯科特的事迹令人难忘。

1901年8月,斯科特率领一支探险队远征南极,他们沿着和当年罗斯相同的路线,驶过罗斯海,在罗斯冰障西侧的罗斯岛登陆,并且在那里度过了南极漫长的冬夜,天气转暖以后,他们开始向南极大陆内地进军。

1902年,他们经过一翻苦斗,来到了离南极点只有350公里的地方,胜利在望了,却遇到了极为恶劣的天气,食物和燃料也将耗尽,队员病倒,只好败退回来。

执着的追求使斯科特又做了8年的准备,1910年6月,他又率领一支65人的探险队离开英国直向南极。

谁知,这时挪威极地探险家阿蒙森也奔向了南极,他们谁能首先到达南极点呢?一场历史上著名的"探险竞赛"就这样开始了。

阿蒙森是挪威人,他小时候读过一本书,《约翰·富兰克林探险记》,这本书叙述了英国探险家约翰·富兰克林乘船去北极探险的真实故事。

小阿蒙森读了这本书以后深受感动,立志征服北极,到达北极点,登上难达之极。

阿蒙森长大以后,3次率队进入北极地区,还参加过南极探险。

在漫长的北极探险生涯中,阿蒙森经常乘坐爱斯基摩狗拉的雪橇,并且学会了驯服这种狗的办法。

这种狗在-50℃的低温中仍然活蹦乱跳。

阿蒙森准备让这种狗拉着雪橇到达北极点。

1909年夏末,阿蒙森正筹备向北极点进军,猛然传来了美国人皮尔里到达北极极点的消息。

阿蒙森当机立断,把予头指向南极,参加了南极探险的行列。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 辅

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 辅

如何用英语写关于保护南极动物的看图作文【写作任务】英语写作课上,老师要求你班同学根据所给图画用英语写一篇短文。

要点包括:1. 描述图画;2. 揭示图画所反映的问题;3. 提出措施。

注意:1. 词数100左右;2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

【写作指导】1. 审题定调本写作为图画类作文,写作时要结合图画中的文字说明,认真解读图画,展开合理而丰富的联想并提出建议。

时态以一般现在时为主,人称以第三人称为主。

2. 确定主体内容本写作可分为三部分:第一部分:简要描述图画;第二部分:分析使企鹅无家可归的原因;第三部分:提出拯救企鹅的措施。

3. 常用表达In the picture,...We can see in the picture that...As is described in the picture...The purpose of the picture is to show us...With icebergs melting, their natural habitat is being threatened.We must try our best to...In my opinion, we can...【参考范文】In the picture, three penguins are standing on two tiny pieces of ice which are floating on the seawater. It seems that the ice will melt soon and they are really in danger.The purpose of the picture is to show us the influence of global warming on penguins. With icebergs melting, their natural habitat is being threatened. As a result, many of them will become homeless and die.To save the endangered penguins, we must try our best to slow down global warming. In my opinion, we can plant more trees and reduce the release of carbon dioxide by using cars less.。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 辅

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 辅

主语主语是一个句子的主题,一般位于句首。

可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句及句子。

1. 名词用作主语。

如:Video games can be a poor influence if left in the wrong hands. (湖南2015) 2. 代词用作主语。

当不定代词用作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。

如:You must be careful with the camera. It costs! (四川2015)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure. (重庆2015)3. 数词用作主语。

如:Three is enough.4. 名词化的形容词用作主语。

如:The old feel the cold weather more than the young.5. 副词用作主语。

如:Now is the time.6. 名词化的介词用作主语。

如:The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come.7. 不定式用作主语。

如:To find your way can be a problem.8. 动词-ing形式用作主语。

谓语动词常用单数形式。

如:Reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.9. 名词化的动词-ed形式用作主语。

如:The disabled are to receive more money.10. 介词短语用作主语。

如:From my home to the museum was a ten-minute ride on the bus.11. it用作形式主语。

真正的主语常是不定式或从句。

如:See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. (天津2015)It remains to be seen whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice. (陕西2013)12. 从句用作主语。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 2 教案 附件 精品

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 2 教案 附件 精品

附件Ⅰ.课文注释与疑难解析1.For many people, the Renaissance means 14th to 16th century Italy, and the developments in art and architecture, music and literature which took place there at that time. (P16)对很多人来说,文艺复兴是指14到16世纪的意大利,以及当时艺术、建筑、音乐、文化等各方面的发展。

1) 句中的take place 是“发生”的意思,具有相同用法的还有happen, breakout。

e.g: Great changes have taken place in China in the past 50 years.在过去的五十年中,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。

2) take place 表示的是事情有计划地、自然地发生。

happen表示的是偶然的发生。

break out指疾病、战争等灾难性事件的爆发。

e.g. An accident happened in the street yesterday.昨天街上发生了一起事故。

In 2003, SARS broke out in China without any sign.2003年,非典毫无预兆地在中国爆发了。

3)这三个词都不用于被动语态。

e.g. World WarⅠwas broken out in 1914. (false)World WarⅠbroke out in 1914. (right)2. It is believed to be the best example of a new life-like style of painting that amazed people when it was first used. (P16)这幅惊世之作刚刚问世,就被人们看作是新颖逼真的绘画作品之最佳典范。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 6 背景材料 文章 杜甫简介 精品

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 6 背景材料 文章 杜甫简介 精品

杜甫简介杜甫(712-770),字子美,祖籍河南巩县。

祖父杜审言是唐初著名诗人。

青年时期,他曾游历过今江苏、浙江、河北、山东一带,并两次会见李白,两人结下深厚的友谊。

唐玄宗天宝五年(746),杜甫来到长安,第二年他参加了由唐玄宗下诏的应试,由于奸臣李林甫从中作梗,全体应试者无一人录取。

从此进取无门,生活贫困。

直到天宝十四年(755),才得到“右卫率府胄曹参军”一职,负责看管兵甲仓库。

同年,安史之乱爆发,此时杜甫正在奉先(今陕西蒲城)探家。

第二年他把家属安顿在鄜州羌村(今陕西富县境),只身投奔在灵武(今甘肃省)即位的肃宗。

途中被叛军所俘,押到沦陷后的长安,这期间他亲眼目睹了叛军杀戮洗劫的暴行和百姓的苦难。

直到至德二年(757)四月,他才冒险逃到肃宗临时驻地凤翔(今陕西省凤翔县),授官左拾遗。

不久因疏救房琯,被贬为华州司功参军。

自此他对现实政治十分失望,抛弃官职,举家西行,几经辗转,最后到了成都,在严武等人的帮助下,在城西浣花溪畔,建成了一座草堂,世称“杜甫草堂”。

后被严武荐为节度参谋、检校工部员外郎。

严武死后,他离开了成都,全家寄居夔州(今四川奉节县)。

两年后,离夔州到江陵、衡阳一带辗转流离。

唐太宗大历五年(770),诗人病死在湘江的一只小船中。

他的诗在艺术上以丰富多彩著称,时而雄浑奔放,时而沉郁悲凉,或辞藻瑰丽,或平易质朴。

他擅长律诗,又是新乐府诗体的开创者。

他的诗声律和谐,选字精炼,“为人性癖耽佳句,语不惊人死不休”,正是他严谨创作态度的真实写照。

在我国文学史上有“诗圣”之称。

他的诗留存至今的有一千四百余首。

有《杜少陵集》。

杜甫草堂是首批全国重点文物保护单位之一,位于成都西门外的浣花溪畔,是唐代伟大现实主义诗人杜甫流寓成都时的故居。

杜甫(公元712年--770年),字子美,自号少陵野老,因任工部校检郎,而又被称做杜工部。

河南巩县人,生活在唐王朝由盛到衰的转折时期,一生坎坷,终不得志。

因其在诗歌创作上所取得的辉煌成就而被誉为"诗圣",诗作流传至今约1400多首。

外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识和默写和答案

外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识和默写和答案

外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识和默写和答案外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识及默写基础知识归纳基础知识默写基本单词1. ____________ adj. 极地上2. ____________ n. 探险者3. ____________ adj. 每年的4. ____________ n. 降水量; 降雨量4/ 1外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识和默写和答案5. ____________ n. 状态; 状况6. ____________ n. 重力, 地心引力7. ____________ adj. 极端的, 极度的8. ____________ v.储存,留存9. ____________ n. 块, 堆, 团10. ____________ v. 使平衡11. ____________ v. 漂流, 漂泊12. ____________ n. 刺眼的光13. ____________ adj. 强烈的14. ____________ adj. 艰难的, 艰巨的15. ____________ adj. 晒伤的16. ____________ n. (对某地区的)勘查17. ____________ adj. 核的, 核能的18. ____________ prep. 经由, 增进19. ____________ v. 使陷入困境20. ____________ n. 救生船21. ____________ n. 传说; 故事22. ____________ adj. 传说中的23. ____________ n. 洞察力, 眼光24. ____________ n. 鼓舞; 启示; 灵感25. ____________ adj. 令人沮丧的; 令人抑郁的26. ____________ n. 奢侈品27. ____________ n. 宿舍; 寝室28. ____________ n. 食堂, 餐厅29. ____________ n. 霜; 霜冻30. ____________ n. 衣服; (尤指)某种服装31. ____________ adj. 干净的; 不含有害特质的32. ____________ n. 日出33. ____________ n. 日落34. ____________ n. 日光; 白天35. ____________ adj. 常规的; 普通的4/ 2外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识和默写和答案36. ____________ n. 电池37. ____________ adj. 娇气的, 纤弱的38. ____________ n. 荣幸39. ____________ n. 商人; 买卖人; 经商者派生单词40. ____________ n. 深度→__________ adj. 深的→__________ v. 加深; 使变深41. ____________ v. 促进, 增进→__________ n. 促进; 促销42. ___________ adj. 不正常的, 反常的→_________ adj. (反义词)正常的43. ___________ n. 缺乏; 没有→_________ adj. 缺席的44. ___________ v. 阻止; 打消……的念头. 鼓励→__________ v信心. 勇气; n→__________突发事情. 紧急情况; 45. ___________ n新兴的出现的; __________ →adj. 显现出来出现; →__________ v.. 可靠性46. ____________ n . 可靠的→___________ adj; 依靠→___________ v. 依赖短语; 适应改编1. ______________……的结果2. ______________ 作为脱颖而出3. ______________登陆4. ______________; 如果假使5. ______________6. ______________ 尤其特别看到, ,7. ______________ 进入视野出现4/ 3外研版高二英语选修8 Module 1 Deep South 基础知识和默写和答案8. ______________ 把……从……释放出来; 使摆脱9. ______________ 想出10. _____________ 冒险11. _____________ 打碎, 分裂, 结束, 衰落12. _____________ 由于; 因为13. _____________ 阻止某人做某事句型not until. . . did+主语(倒装句)直到……才……。

高二外研版(选修8)Module 1课件1

高二外研版(选修8)Module 1课件1

Plants and animals As a result of its extreme conditions only
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
A great place for researchers
rocks can give Antarctic ice and _______ researchers lots of useful information.
3. France was one of the first countries to sign the Antarctic Treaty. (T) 4. The Treaty has three main aims.
(T)
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
Antarctica has become perhaps the most successful symbol of man’s efforts to work together for progress and peace.
1). close to 几乎,近于,靠近 They sat there close to each other. 2)technically adv. 严格地;准确地按照法律、词义等的
解释;技术上的
Technically the building is a masterpiece, but few people like it.
Para 1 Para 2 Para 3
A great place for researchers Plants and animals The Antarctic Treaty
The discovery of Antarctica The land

最新高二外研版选修八备课资料:Module 1 教案 附件

最新高二外研版选修八备课资料:Module 1 教案 附件

最新教学资料·外研版英语附件I.课文注释与疑难解析1. Covering about 14 million square kilometers around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world. (P2)南极洲方圆一千四百万平方公里,是世界第五大洲。

1) Covering about…是现在分词短语作状语。

用分词作状语时要注意:①其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。

本句主语it指Antarctic,是covering的逻辑主语。

②如果作状语的是过去分词,其逻辑主语和句子的主语是被动关系。

e.g. Covered with snow and ice, Antarctic appears a white world.由于被冰雪覆盖,南极洲是一个银白色的世界。

在本句中,Antarctic与covered是被动关系:Antarctic is covered with snow and ice.2) the fifth largest continent 第五大洲表示程度上的排序,用“the+序数词+最高级”e.g.The Yellow River is the second longest in china. 黄河是中国第二长河。

2. Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world’s climate was like in past ages. (P2)埋在冰层中的火山灰中蕴含的天然气和矿物质能告诉我们许多关于地球上过去年代的气候状况。

1) in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice 以火山灰的形式埋藏在冰层中。

【英语周报】外研版选修八备课资料:Module 4 背景材料 文章 American and British English

【英语周报】外研版选修八备课资料:Module 4 背景材料 文章 American and British English

American and British EnglishAmerican and British English are dialects of English which have a recognized standard form and are equally acceptable in Academic English as long as the style and register (语域)used are appropriately formal. There are no significant differences in the academic form of other varieties of English. These tend to resemble either the American or British form. For example, Australian English generally uses the same spelling as British English.Differences between British and American English.Throughout this page, blue is used to denote British English and red to denote American English.The most noticeable difference in the academic context is in spelling. There are also grammatical differences and vocabulary differences, although relatively few in formal language.SpellingIn general, both American and British spelling are acceptable, but it is important to be consistent, at least with the use of the same word - theatre or theater, but not both - and in your choice of ize or ise endings as in criticize or criticise, plagiarize or plagiarise. The Cambridge International Dictionary of English gives British, American and Australian English spelling. American spelling tends to reflect pronunciation and British spelling tends to reflect grammatical or historical implications(含义) as well.However, there may be advantages in using British spelling in certain situations. For instance, two forms: programme and program exist in British English. The former can be a noun referring to television programmes or programmes of events (plans, conferences, a theatre programme etc.). The latter can be a noun referring to computer programs. Both forms can be verbs, but there is no spelling distinction between them except in the infinitive form (as in She learned how to program the computer to calculate the value of the pound against the Euro at twelve hourly intervals) and the present tense. If you wish to make reference to both meanings in your writing, then British English makes a useful reference (meaning) distinctionbetween the two, while American English has only one form program to refer to both.British English distinguishes between practice (noun) I haven't done my cello practice yet and practise (verb) He practises the cello for ten minutes every morning. However, American English tends to use practice as both a noun and a verb. Students taking Cambridge examinations are advised to adopt the British system as this reflects the underlying(根本的) grammatical (part of speech) distinction.Grammatical differencesThere are few grammatical differences between American and British English that are of concern in Academic Writing. The past participles got and gotten are one of the most obvious differences, but they are rarely used in formal writing. The Euro has got/gotten rid of the currency exchange transactions(交易) which used to be necessary before the single currency was instated(设置) is more likely to be formally expressed as The Euro has abolished the need for currency exchange transactions.American English accepts the use of the simple past tense with just, already and yet (Did you see him yet?/He just went out?/Did you go there already?) while British English requires the use of the present perfect (Have you seen him yet?/He has just gone out/Have you been there already?) In Academic English, the British form is preferable as the American form tends to be perceived as informal (rather than inaccurate).Particle differences - Clinton met with the representatives of the Daughters of the Revolution / Clinton met the representatives - are not significant, though British markers may 'correct' the with as it seems informal.American English can make what British English considers to be uncountable nouns plural, for example technologies. When this occurs with formal, technical vocabulary in a specific context - the new technologies - British English, over time, tends to adopt the same form.Vocabulary differencesThere are many vocabulary differences - flat, pavement, tap, trousers or apartment, sidewalk, faucet, pants, for example. Most cause few problems exceptwhere the same word has a different meaning. Pants in British English refers to underwear, for example. It may be wise to check with British friends in case meaning is different in English or in case a particular form does not exist in British English.In general, the main object in Academic English is to communicate (remember Clarity and Reality particularly here) your message to your reader - probably your tutor or examiner - so bear their understanding and preferences in mind when you make decisions about the most appropriate form to use.Doreen du Boulay, Sussex Language Institute 1998-2001.Web version by Matthew Platts.。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 5 背景材料 文章 Star Wars 精品

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 5 背景材料 文章 Star Wars 精品

Star Wars《星战前传1:幽灵的威胁》几千年来,一个古老的银河共和国以其广袤的疆域和悠久的历史存在于宇宙的一隅,由首府克洛桑最高议会中来自不同星球的议员共同管理着。

共和国的守护者们称为绝地武士,长久以来,他们用原力与光剑捍卫着银河的和平。

随着共和国的强盛,其统治中心也不可避免地滋生了阴暗面。

一个西斯(曾被绝地评议会认为已经消亡的邪恶组织,代表着原力的黑暗一面)勋爵达斯·西迪亚斯混入了最高议会,并开始了颠覆活动。

在其授意下,实力强盛的贸易联邦悍然出兵和平星球纳布,欲胁持纳布星女王、参议员帕德美·阿米达拉。

绝地评议会得知后立即派出绝地武士魁刚·金及其弟子奥比·旺·克诺比调查此事。

在纳布星,两人在沼泽土著冈加人加加·宾克斯的帮助下,救出了帕德美。

在逃离纳布时,他们的飞船被炮火击中,迫降在沙漠行星塔图因。

为帮助魁刚一行人购买所须的飞船配件,年仅十岁的奴隶阿纳金·天行者参加飞车大赛并取得了胜利,同时也为自己赢得了自由。

魁刚认定这正是预言中能为原力带来平衡的“选中者”,便决定带他离开塔图因。

临时前,他们意外遭遇了另一个勋爵——达斯·西迪亚斯之徒——达斯·莫尔的袭击。

一行人回到克洛桑。

但绝地评议会的尤达与温督等大师认为阿纳金不适合接受绝地训练。

魁刚只得暂时将阿纳金留在身边。

帕德美欲寻求最高议会的支持未果,对议长瓦洛兰提出弹劾动议。

随后,原议员帕尔帕丁当选议长。

但后者仍无意出兵支援纳布。

帕德美只得在魁刚与克诺比的保护下重返纳布,并与沼泽土著冈加人结成联盟。

纳布草原上,冈加人与贸易联邦的机器人军团展开大战;帕德美则亲率卫队直取贸易联邦首脑驻地;空中,纳布皇家空军强攻重兵把守的机器人控制舰。

达斯·莫尔再次出现,并在斗剑中刺死了魁刚,但最终死于克诺比的剑下。

阿纳金驾驶战机击毁了机器人控制舰,致使贸易联邦一溃千里。

外研版2016-2017学年外研版英语选修8 16-17版 Module 1 Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills

外研版2016-2017学年外研版英语选修8 16-17版 Module 1 Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills

Section ⅢIntegrating Skills根据提示写出下列单词1.________ prep.经由,取道2.________ v. 使陷入困境3.________ n. (全体)船员4.________ n. 航行,(乘船的)旅行5.________ v. 漂流,漂泊6.________ adj. 强烈的7.________ adj. 艰难的,艰巨的8.________ adj. 晒伤的9.________ n. 衣服;(尤指)某种服装10.________ adj. 便携的;轻便的11.________ adj. 干净的;不含有害物质的12.________ adj. 不正常的,反常的13.________ n. 缺乏;没有14.________ adj. 烦人的,令人讨厌的15.________ adj. 令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的16.________ adj. 孤单的,孤立的17.________ adj. 适中的;不很昂贵的18.________ n. 奢侈品19.________ n. 宿舍;寝室20.________ v. 储存,储备21.________ v. 打消……的念头;阻止22.________ n. 紧急情况;突发事情23.________ n. 荣幸24.________ v. 对待……如朋友25.________ n. 可靠性26.________ v. 居住27.________ n. 鼓舞;灵感;启示【答案】 1.via 2.trap 3.crew 4.voyage 5.drift 6.intense7.severe 8.sunburnt9.clothing10.portable11.pure12.abnormal13.absence14.tiresome15.depressing16.isolated17.modest18.luxury19.dormitory20.stock21.discourage22.emergency 23.privilege24.befriend25.reliability26.inhabit27.inspiration根据提示补全下列短语1.e ________ view进入视野2.break ________ 打碎;解体3.e up ________ 想出4.take ________ risk 冒险5.________ charge of 负责;掌管6.be fond ________ 喜欢7.in case ________ 假使,万一8.discourage sb. ________ doing sth.打消某人做某事的念头9.set ________ 出发,动身10.________ detail 详细地11.leave ________ 留下,落下【答案】 1.into 2.up 3.with 4.a 5.in 6.of7.of8.from9.off10.in11.behind根据提示补全下列教材原句1.But when land came into sight,the Endurance ________ in the ice and began ________.但当人们看见陆地的时候,“耐力”却陷在冰块里并开始解体。

高二外研版选修八备课资料:module_1_背景材料_文章_marco_polo_and_his_travels

高二外研版选修八备课资料:module_1_背景材料_文章_marco_polo_and_his_travels

Marco Polo and His Travels"When a man is riding through this desert by night and for some reason -falling asleep or anything else -he gets separated from his companions and wants to rejoin them, he hears spirit voices talking to him as if they were his companions, sometimes even calling him by name. Often these voices lure him away from the path and he never finds it again, and many travelers have got lost and died because of this. Sometimes in the night travelers hear a noise like the clatter of a great company of riders away from the road; if they believe that these are some of their own company and head for the noise, they find themselves in deep trouble when daylight comes and they realize their mistake. There were some who, in crossing the desert, have been a host of men coming towards them and, suspecting that they were robbers, returning, they have gone hopelessly astray....Even by daylight men hear these spirit voices, and often you fancy you are listening to the strains of many instruments, especially drums, and the clash of arms. For this reason bands of travelers make a point of keeping very close together. Before they go to sleep they set up a sign pointing in the direction in which they have to travel, and round the necks of all their beasts they fasten little bells, so that by listening to the sound they may prevent them from straying off the path."---- Marco Polo, TravelsMarco Polo (1254-1324), is probably the most famous Westerner traveled on the Silk Road. He excelled all the other travelers in his determination, his writing, and his influence. His journey through Asia lasted 24 years. He reached further than any of his predecessors, beyond Mongolia to China. He became a confidant of Kublai Khan (1214-1294). He traveled the whole of China and returned to tell the tale, which became the greatest travelogue.。

外研版2016-2017高中英语选修八备课资料module_1_背景材料_文章_marco_polo

外研版2016-2017高中英语选修八备课资料module_1_背景材料_文章_marco_polo

Marco PoloIn 1260, the brothers and Venetian merchants Niccolo and Matteo Polo traveled east from Europe. In 1265, they arrived at Kaifeng, the capital of Kublai Khan's (also known as the Great Khan) Mongol Empire. In 1269, the brothers returned to Europe with a request from Khan for the Pope to send one hundred missionaries to the Mongol Empire, supposedly to help convert the Mongols to Christianity. The Khan's message was ultimately relayed to the Pope but he did not send the requested missionaries.Upon arriving in Venice, Nicolo discovered that his wife had died, leaving the care of a son, Marco (born in 1254 and thus fifteen years old), in his hands. In 1271, the two brothers and Marco began to trek eastward and in 1275 met the Great Khan.Khan liked the youthful Marco and conscripted him into service for the Empire. Marco served in several high-level government positions, including as ambassador and as the governor of the city of Yangzhou. While the Great Khan enjoyed having the Polos as his subjects and diplomats, Khan eventually consented to allow them to leave the Empire, as long as they would escort a princess who was scheduled to wed a Persian king.The three Polos left the Empire in 1292 with the princess, a fleet of fourteen large boats, and 600 other passengers from a port in southern China. The armada sailed through Indonesia to Sri Lanka and India and onto its final destination at the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf. Supposedly, only eighteen people survived from the original 600, including the Princess who could not wed her intended fiancee because he had died, so she married his son instead.The three Polos returned to Venice and Marco joined the army to fight against the city-state of Genoa. He was captured in 1298 and imprisoned in Genoa. While in prison for two years, he dictated an account of his travels to a fellow prisoner named Rustichello. Shortly thereafter, The Travels of Marco Polo was published in French.Though Polo's book exaggerates places and cultures (and some scholars believe he never went as far east as China but only described places other travelers had been to), his book was widely published, translated into many languages, and thousands of copies were printed.Polo's book includes fanciful accounts of men with tails and cannibals seem to be around every corner. The book is somewhat a geography of Asian provinces. It is divided into chapters covering specific regions and Polo delves into the politics, agriculture, military power, economy, sexual practices, burial system, and religions of each area. Polo broughtthe ideas of paper currency and coal to Europe. He also included second-hand reports of areas that he had not visited, such as Japan and Madagascar.A typical passage from Travels reads:Concerning the Island of NicobarWhen you leave the island of Java and the kingdom of Lambri, you sail north about one hundred and fifty miles, and then you come to two islands, one of which is called Nicobar. On this island they have no king or chief, but live like beasts. They go all naked, both men and women, and do not use the slightest covering of any kind. They are idolaters. They decorate their houses with long pieces of silk, which they hang from rods as an ornament, regarding it as we would pearls, gems, silver, or gold. The woods are filled with valuable plants and trees, including cloves, brazil, and coconuts.There is nothing else worth relating so we will go on to the island of Andaman...The influence of Marco Polo on geographic exploration was enormous and he was also a major influence on Christopher Columbus. Columbus owned a copy of Travels and made annotations in the margins.As Polo neared death in 1324, he was asked to recant what he had written and simply said that he had not even told half of what he had witnessed. Despite the fact that many claim his book to be unreliable, it was a sort of regional geography of Asia for centuries. Even today, "his book must stand among the great records of geographic exploration."。

高二外研版选修八备课资料:Module 1 背景材料 文章 Marco Polo【精校版】

高二外研版选修八备课资料:Module 1 背景材料 文章 Marco Polo【精校版】

外研版精品英语资料(精校版)Marco PoloIn 1260, the brothers and Venetian merchants Niccolo and Matteo Polo traveled east from Europe. In 1265, they arrived at Kaifeng, the capital of Kublai Khan's (also known as the Great Khan) Mongol Empire. In 1269, the brothers returned to Europe with a request from Khan for the Pope to send one hundred missionaries to the Mongol Empire, supposedly to help convert the Mongols to Christianity. The Khan's message was ultimately relayed to the Pope but he did not send the requested missionaries.Upon arriving in Venice, Nicolo discovered that his wife had died, leaving the care of a son, Marco (born in 1254 and thus fifteen years old), in his hands. In 1271, the two brothers and Marco began to trek eastward and in 1275 met the Great Khan.Khan liked the youthful Marco and conscripted him into service for the Empire. Marco served in several high-level government positions, including as ambassador and as the governor of the city of Yangzhou. While the Great Khan enjoyed having the Polos as his subjects and diplomats, Khan eventually consented to allow them to leave the Empire, as long as they would escort a princess who was scheduled to wed a Persian king.The three Polos left the Empire in 1292 with the princess, a fleet of fourteen large boats, and 600 other passengers from a port in southern China. The armada sailed through Indonesia to Sri Lanka and India and onto its final destination at the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf. Supposedly, only eighteen people survived from the original 600, including the Princess who could not wed her intended fiancee because he had died, so she married his son instead.The three Polos returned to Venice and Marco joined the army to fight against the city-state of Genoa. He was captured in 1298 and imprisoned in Genoa. While in prison for two years, he dictated an account of his travels to a fellow prisoner named Rustichello. Shortly thereafter, The Travels of Marco Polo was published in French.Though Polo's book exaggerates places and cultures (and some scholars believehe never went as far east as China but only described places other travelers had been to), his book was widely published, translated into many languages, and thousands of copies were printed.Polo's book includes fanciful accounts of men with tails and cannibals seem to be around every corner. The book is somewhat a geography of Asian provinces. It is divided into chapters covering specific regions and Polo delves into the politics, agriculture, military power, economy, sexual practices, burial system, and religions of each area. Polo brought the ideas of paper currency and coal to Europe. He also included second-hand reports of areas that he had not visited, such as Japan and Madagascar.A typical passage from Travels reads:Concerning the Island of NicobarWhen you leave the island of Java and the kingdom of Lambri, you sail north about one hundred and fifty miles, and then you come to two islands, one of which is called Nicobar. On this island they have no king or chief, but live like beasts. They go all naked, both men and women, and do not use the slightest covering of any kind. They are idolaters. They decorate their houses with long pieces of silk, which they hang from rods as an ornament, regarding it as we would pearls, gems, silver, or gold. The woods are filled with valuable plants and trees, including cloves, brazil, and coconuts.There is nothing else worth relating so we will go on to the island of Andaman...The influence of Marco Polo on geographic exploration was enormous and he was also a major influence on Christopher Columbus. Columbus owned a copy of Travels and made annotations in the margins.As Polo neared death in 1324, he was asked to recant what he had written and simply said that he had not even told half of what he had witnessed. Despite the fact that many claim his book to be unreliable, it was a sort of regional geography of Asia for centuries. Even today, "his book must stand among the great records of geographic exploration."。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 背

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 1 背

过程记录
1914年8月1日,英国籍的船只坚忍号(The Endurance)从英国的伦敦出发,打算航行至南极圈的威德尔海。

全船共载有28人,成员包括水手、军人与科学家,由曾参与过两次南极探险活动的夏洛顿(Ernest Shackleton)率领。

这艘船载了英国跨越南极小队将要登陆南极洲,企图缔造记录,成为第一支徒步穿越南极大陆的队伍。

1915年2月22日,坚忍号来到南纬77度,距离南极陆地144公里处--这是他们所能到达的最南点了。

此后,坚忍号被困在浮冰中,随之漂流,离陆地渐远,船身逐渐承受不住流冰群的挤压。

船上众人不得不弃船,转移至浮冰上扎营;不多久,坚忍号爆裂拆毁。

28个男人自此展开了雪地求生记。

队长夏洛顿以过人的乐观精神带领著这一群性格迥异的人。

他们尽管时有摩擦与龃龉,但始终能以一个团队的方式互相支持。

在夏洛顿的领导之下,为了让心志坚强,他们保持规律的作息;为了维生,他们猎杀企鹅与海豹;为了活著回家,他们甚至两度冒险搭乘没有遮篷的划桨小木船,在雪狂风急的极区海域中朝著可以登陆的岛屿而去;第一次,连续划了七天的桨,第二次则足足航行了十七天。

一行人吃尽了肉体上的苦头,尝够了心灵上的折磨--终于,在受困于雪地二十个月之后,他们见到了久违的人类同胞;28个人全活著,一条命都没丢。

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 6 背

英语周报2016-2017学年高二外研版选修八:Module 6 背

济慈简介济慈(1795 –1821)英国浪漫派诗人。

生于伦敦。

父母早逝,由外祖母抚养。

曾学医,并考得内科医生执照,但很快放弃医学,专心从事文学创作。

1816年在亨特主编的《检察者》先后刊载十四行诗《孤寂》和《初读查普译荷马史诗》。

1817年出版第一部诗集,其中有《睡眠与诗》等佳篇。

1818年在照料患肺病的弟弟托姆期间写成取材薄伽丘《十日谈》的叙事诗《伊萨贝拉》。

同年5月发表《恩底弥翁》,长诗描写希腊神话中月亮女神与凡人恩底弥翁相爱的故事。

因他与亨特关系甚密,长诗受到反对亨特的三家杂志的攻击,但他自信死后“定能名居英国诗人之列”,遂开始写作以希腊神话中新、旧神争斗为题材的史诗《许佩里翁》。

1819年写成长诗《圣爱格尼斯之歌》,表达了对弟弟托姆去世的哀悼和对与女友芳妮·布劳恩关系的忧虑,同时写出《夜莺》、《心灵》、《哀感》、《希腊古瓮》、《梦》、《无情的美人》、《灿烂的星,愿我能似你永在》、《秋颂》等一系列优秀诗篇,并开始写作以蛇化美女的神话为题材的抒情诗《莱米亚》,与布朗合写剧本《奥托大帝》。

他的诗以色彩表现感觉,对后来的诗人,包括唯美主义和意象派诗人产生过很大影响。

夜莺颂我的心在痛,困顿和麻木刺进了感官,有如饮过毒鸠,又像是刚刚把鸦片吞服,于是向着列斯忘川下沉:并不是我嫉妒你的好运,而是你的快乐使我太欢欣——因为在林间嘹亮的天地里,你呵,轻翅的仙灵,你躲进山毛榉的葱绿和荫影,放开歌喉,歌唱着夏季。

哎,要是有一口酒!那冷藏在地下多年的清醇饮料,一尝就令人想起绿色之邦,想起花神,恋歌,阳光和舞蹈!要是有一杯南国的温暖充满了鲜红的灵感之泉,杯沿明灭着珍珠的泡沫,给嘴唇染上紫斑;哦,我要一饮而离开尘寰,和你同去幽暗的林中隐没:远远地、远远隐没,让我忘掉你在树叶间从不知道的一切,忘记这疲劳、热病、和焦躁,这使人对坐而悲叹的世界;在这里,青春苍白、消瘦、死亡,而“瘫痪”有几根白发在摇摆;在这里,稍一思索就充满了忧伤和灰色的绝望,而“美”保持不住明眸的光彩,新生的爱情活不到明天就枯凋。

外研版2016-2017学年外研版英语选修8 16-17版 Module 1 Deep South

外研版2016-2017学年外研版英语选修8 16-17版 Module 1 Deep South

Module 1Deep South被称为“最后的大陆”的南极洲还是世界上最后的净土吗?读读下面的文章你会有所感触的!Once pletely inaccessible,Antarctica has more recentlybeen playing host to adventurers seeking excitement,scientists interested in experimenting,and panies looking toexploit this wild terrain for profit: gold,uranium,and oil arejust some of the valuable resources which lie beneath thecontinent's icy covering.Though no human population is native to Antarctica,about 1,000 people work there in the summer months,and another 12,000 tourists visit there every year.They e to enjoy the unspoiled environment,the bright blue skies,and the fresh white snow fields.If a tourist is lucky enough,he or she can join an expedition to see some of the continent's other residents.Animals along the coast of the Southern Ocean don't mind the cold weather,and thrive in Antarctica's seas.Penguins and seals breed on the icy shores and fish for krill in the cool water.Yet,Antarctica's fragile and plicated eco-system is threatened by its human visitors.Damageto the environment occurs as people e looking for resources beneath the ice,or carelessly leave their garbage behind.Currently, countries are working to ensure that the damage to Antarctica's environment is minimized,and that the last wilderness on Earth will remain an unspoiled place.1.terrain n.[地理]地形,地势;领域;地带2.beneath prep. 在……之下ad v. 在下面;在底下3.unspoiled adj. 未损坏的;未宠坏的4.thrive v. 兴盛;茁壮成长5.fragile adj. 脆的;易碎的1.How many tourists visit Antarctica every year?________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】12,000.2.What measures do the countries take to protect Antarctica?________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Countries are working to ensure that the damage to Antarctica's environment is minimized, and that the last wilderness on Earth will remain an unspoiled place.。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

人类南极洲探险史(1772年—1958年)南极洲是地球上最遥远最孤独的大陆,它严酷的奇寒和常年不化的冰雪,长期以来拒人类于千里之外。

数百年来,为征服南极洲,揭开它的神秘面纱,数以千计的探险家,前仆后继,奔向南极洲,表现出不畏艰险和百折不挠的精神,创造了可歌可泣的业绩。

1772--l755年间,英国库克船长领导的探险队在南极海域进行了多次探险,但并未发现任何陆地。

直到1819年,英国的威廉.史密斯船长才发现南设得兰群岛。

1820年l1月18日,美国的帕默乘“英雄”号单桅纵帆船,发现了奥尔良海峡和后来证实为从南极大陆延伸出来的南极半岛的西北岸。

美国地图绘制者--直将这个半岛称为帕默半岛。

然而,英国的地图绘制者称,皇家海军的布兰斯菲尔德早在1820年1月30日就发现这个半岛了,他们称之为格雷厄姆地,到1964年,英语系国家才同意以南极半岛为名,而其北部称为格雷厄姆地,南部称为帕默地。

当时的许多历史学家也同意,布兰斯菲尔德曾在南设得兰群岛和大陆之间的海峡中航行。

并发现后来被帕默看到的岛屿。

南极洲的探险,在1820--1830年趋于白热化。

1821年俄国别林斯高晋和拉扎列夫串领的探险队,乘“东方”号和“和平”号环南极大陆--周,发现了亚历山大--世岛,别林斯高晋当时把它命名为亚历山大--世海岸。

戴维斯是第--位登上南极半岛的人,他是在1821年2月7日乘“西西利亚”号纵帆船登陆的。

1823年,英国航海家威德尔率两艘小船发现了威德尔海。

1831年,英国捕鲸队船长比斯科率“图拉”号和“莱夫利”号两艘小船发现了恩德比地。

1839年,英国巴勒尼船长,带领两艘航船,发现了巴勒尼群岛,1840年,法国探险家迪维尔率领两艘桅舰,发现了阿黛利海岸。

1838--1842年,美国海军上尉威尔克斯对南极洲的探险,足以证实南极洲为--块大陆,而不是--个群岛,而他在印度洋海岸所发现的陆地被称为威尔克斯地。

罗斯在1841年发现了--个不结冰的水域,即现在以他的名字命名的罗斯海。

在他继续向南航行期间,发现了--陡峭且多岩石的海岸线浮现于70°41′S,172°30′E 的地平线上,即后来所称的阿代尔角,还发现了高达十几米的罗斯冰障,而且还看到了--座3795米高的活火山,他称之为埃里伯斯峰,而附近的--座死火山则为恐怖号山。

总之,罗斯在1839--1943年期间的三次南极探险航行中,在从南奥克尼群岛以西到巴勒尼群岛的区域,发现了六个海岛或群岛,在南极大陆发现了七个区域。

1895年1月,挪威“南极洲”号捕鲸船--行人在船长克里斯膝森率领下登陆阿代尔角,其中的 E.博克格雷温克成为第--支在南极大陆过冬的英国探险队的领队。

同时,他也是坐雪橇深入内陆而到达78°50′S处的第--人,是当时人们所到达的最南的地方。

1898年,热尔拉什领导比利时探险队,乘坐“比利时”号到达了7l°30′S,被浮冰困住,然后随冰漂流,他们在船上过冬,还进行了大量的科学观测。

1901--1916年,南极洲的探险非常活跃。

1901年,斯科特船长领导的探险队,乘坐雪橇抵达82°7′S,163°30′E处,完成了--系列的科学观测工作。

1901--1904年,努登舍尔德领导的瑞典探险队,在南极半岛的东岸得到许多地理上的发现。

1907--1909年,沙克尔顿领导的探险队,穿越罗斯冰架,在罗斯岛过冬。

次年向南出发,他们用西伯利亚矮种马和人拉雪橇,于1909年1月9日抵达88°23′S、162°E处,找到了通往南极点的路线,并且创造了离南极点只有179.7公里的最南的记录。

1909--1910年,沙尔科成功地探险到南极半岛西部海岸,发现了沙尔科岛。

1911年,菲尔希纳的船“德兰”号首先到达威德尔海的前端,他是从海的东边进入的。

1912年,白濒矗来到惠尔湾,并在罗斯冰架上乘雪橇作了--次短程旅行。

1911--1914年,莫森率领--支探险队来到澳大利亚的“属地”,获得了若干地理上的发现,并搜集到了许多科学资料。

1914年8月,沙克尔顿计划从威德尔海的科茨地乘雪橇穿越大陆,直抵罗斯海。

但他所乘的“持久”号被大块浮冰所困,而向北漂浮到威德尔海,最后沉没。

船上的--行人在大块浮冰上漂流,最后到了象海豹岛。

此后,沙克尔顿等5人又从象海豹岛乘小艇抵达东北约1300公里处的南乔治亚岛,最终搭救了在象海豹岛上的全部队员。

1911年,由挪威的阿蒙森、德国的菲尔希纳、英国的斯科特、澳大利亚的莫森和日本的白獭矗中尉等领导的探险队,分别在南极大陆展开探险,他们都以南极点为目标。

阿蒙森是第--位到达南极点的人。

他原计划驾驶“弗拉姆”号离开挪威,经由合恩角和白令海峡前往北极点。

当他得知皮尔里于1909年4月6日到达了北极点,他就改变了计划,将探险目标转向南极点。

1911年10月20日,阿蒙森等--行5人开始了南极点的远征。

他们在3天的时间里就到达了80°S,每天平均行进38公里。

阿蒙森从82°S起,沿163°E南下,在每个纬度上为返回旅行布设--个食物仓库。

在85°S,即罗斯冰架与陆地相连接处。

阿蒙森--行人爬上达3231米的冰山的高处,12月6日登上了毛德皇后山脉,12月7日他们穿过沙克尔顿创造的88°23′S的记录处。

12月14日,到达了南极点,设立营地并设置天文台,进行了连续24小时的太阳观测,确定出南极点的平均位置,并垒起--堆石头,插上雪橇作标记,挪威的国旗也在此飘扬。

他们在地球的最南端共住了3天,1912年1月25日,阿蒙森等5人,乘11只狗拉的两架雪橇安然回到了他们的过冬基地——弗拉姆之家。

1911年l1月1日,以斯科特为首的5人探险队在支援队的陪同下,离开麦克默多海峡,向南极点进发。

他们所带的西伯利亚矮种马无法在软雪中行走,三辆履带式拖拉机也成了--堆废铁,只好靠人拉雪橇来运补给品,他们终于在阿蒙森到达南极点之后的第三十五天,来到了此地,并发现了阿蒙森的帐篷。

他们在南极点住了两天,重新确定了南极点的位置,测得的结果与阿蒙森确定的南极点只差几百米,1月18日开始返回。

在归途中,由于食物不足,加上天寒地冻,体力不支,全体人员在风雪中捐躯。

其最后行程的记载日期是1911年;月29日。

飞机为南极的探险开辟了--个新纪元。

英国的威尔金斯爵士是驾机从事南极洲探险的第--人。

他于1928年l1月26日从迪塞普申岛起飞,沿着南极洲半岛的东岸飞抵70°S处,首次在南极半岛上进行了长距离的飞行。

1929年他再度领航探险南极洲,绘制了沙尔科岛的轮廓图,并飞达南极洲的西部。

1928-1930年,美国的伯德在惠尔湾内建立了小美洲基地。

1929年11月18、19日,由伯德率领巴尔钦等人,首次飞人南极内陆,抵达南极高原,环绕南极点飞行,从飞机上拍摄了南极洲大约;9万平方公里的区域,看到了以前未曾发现过的山区,为美国提出了150°W以西大片陆地的领土要求,成为首次飞越南极点的空中探险。

1926--1937年,挪威籍的克里斯膝森、米克尔森多次领导探险队在南极洲探险飞行。

在1934-1935年夏季的探险中,他们发现了英格丽德·克里斯腾森海岸,并进行了航空测量。

1935年2月,米克尔森夫人随挪威探险队--起在英格丽德·克里斯腾森海岸登陆,并成为登上南极大陆的第--位女性。

1936年2月4日,克里斯腾森夫人在航空探险中,发现了哈拉尔王子海岸。

挪威在这--系列的探险活动中,发现了3600公里长的南极海岸线,航空测量了8万平方公里的南极大陆。

他们除进行了三次登陆外,还从飞机上向多个地点投下了挪威国旗。

1933--1939年,美国的埃尔斯沃思进行了四次探险。

1935年,他完成了横越南极大陆的飞行,他从南极半岛顶端的邓迪岛起飞,直达惠尔湾东南26公里处,共飞行了22天,航程长达3700公里,先后着陆四次。

埃尔斯沃思的探险,证实了飞机可以在南极大陆进行多种项目的考察作业,并可代替长距离的雪橇旅行考察,他在飞行中发现了森蒂纳尔岭和霍利克--凯尼恩高原,并将80°W和120°W之间的906万平方公里的陆地宣布为美国所有。

1938—1939年,他又架机在80°E的地区飞行了438公里,为美国要求了约20万平方公里的陆地,并把这--地区命名为美国高地。

1938--1939年,由里彻领导的德国探险队飞人毛德皇后地,对35万平方公里的陆地进行了航空摄影,利用照相和观察手段对60万平方公里的地区进行了空中侦察。

他共飞行1.2万公里,每隔25公里投下--面德国国旗,并将21°E与12°W之间新发现的陆地绘制成图。

1939--1941年,由伯德率领的美国南极勤务队,主要从事空中勘察,以及继续进行早期的科学计划,他们在惠尔湾建立了西基地,在斯托宁顿岛建立了东基地。

他们从东西基地进行了远距离的航空测量,三次飞过阿蒙森海中的大块浮冰,确定了埃尔斯沃思高地和沃尔格林海岸的位置。

他们沿着威德尔海岸向南飞行,超过了威尔金斯1928年沿威德尔海海岸飞行最南的地点402公里。

雪橇队用84天的时间行走了2027公里,到达了西南面的乔治六世洼地、威德尔海西南沿岸和罗斯湾。

同时勘探了804.6公里大陆的新海岸,证实了亚历山大地确为--岛屿。

在两个基地上均进行了科学考察。

第二次世界大战的爆发,使得南极洲的探险计划陷于停顿。

直到1946年美国的“跳高行动”计划实施时才又逐渐活跃起来。

美国1946--1947年的“跳高行动”计划,派出舰船13艘,出动各种飞机26架,参加人员达4700名。

在南极水域停留的近40天的时间里,他们从惠尔湾内的小美洲基地,向南、向东飞行。

用两架水上飞机沿着南极大陆周围飞行,所到之地除了南极洲半岛和威德尔海的海岸外,几乎包括了全部的南极大陆海岸。

对南极沿岸的60%进行了观察和摄影,航空摄影1.5万公里,在64次飞行中拍摄照片7万张,确定了十八座山的地理位置,设下了68个主权要求标记。

1946-1948年,龙尼南极考察探险队的3架飞机飞行了346小时,着陆86次,拍摄了1.4万张航空照片,新发现了十三个地区,证实了南极洲确为--大陆。

他在威德尔海南部发现的高地,排除了“大陆在此为海峡所分”的说法。

1949-1952年,由挪威、瑞典、英国所组成的探险队,冬季在10°W的毛德皇后地从事科学研究,他们用地震法探测的冰层厚度为274—2271米,还用飞机沿海岸探测飞行了804公里。

1950年1月,法国维克托领导的探险队,在阿黛利海岸建立了马丁港基地,从事气象学或其他学科的研究,1952年关闭。

相关文档
最新文档